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Zhao F, Deng Y, Yang F, Yan Y, Feng F, Peng B, Gao J, Bedford MT, Li H. Molecular Basis for SPINDOC-Spindlin1 Engagement and Its Role in Transcriptional Attenuation. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168371. [PMID: 37977297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Spindlin1 is a histone reader with three Tudor-like domains and its transcriptional co-activator activity could be attenuated by SPINDOC. The first two Tudors are involved in histone methylation readout, while the function of Tudor 3 is largely unknown. Here our structural and binding studies revealed an engagement mode of SPINDOC-Spindlin1, in which a hydrophobic motif of SPINDOC, DOCpep3, stably interacts with Spindlin1 Tudor 3, and two neighboring K/R-rich motifs, DOCpep1 and DOCpep2, bind to the acidic surface of Spindlin1 Tudor 2. Although DOCpep3-Spindlin1 engagement is compatible with histone readout, an extended SPINDOC fragment containing the K/R-rich region attenuates histone or TCF4 binding by Spindlin1 due to introduced competition. This inhibitory effect is more pronounced for weaker binding targets but not for strong ones such as H3 "K4me3-K9me3" bivalent mark. Further ChIP-seq and RT-qPCR indicated that SPINDOC could promote genomic relocation of Spindlin1, thus modulate downstream gene transcription. Collectively, we revealed multivalent engagement between SPINDOC and Spindlin1, in which a hydrophobic motif acts as the primary binding site for stable SPINDOC-Spindlin1 association, while K/R-rich region modulates the target selectivity of Spindlin1 via competitive inhibition, therefore attenuating the transcriptional co-activator activity of Spindlin1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yafang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Center for Synthetic and System Biology, Department of Automation, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juntao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Center for Synthetic and System Biology, Department of Automation, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenesis and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China.
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Tong W, Yang L, Liu L, Liu X, Luo N. SPINDOC is Highly Expressed in Pan-Cancer Samples and Can Promote the Proliferation, Invasion and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:555-570. [PMID: 35611367 PMCID: PMC9124522 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s348843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxia Tong
- The Medical Department of Hepatology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lilan Yang
- The Medical Department of Hepatology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- The Medical Department of Hepatology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Liu
- The Medical Department of Hepatology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Luo
- RuiKang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ning Luo, RuiKang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, People’s Republic of China, 530011, Tel +86 0771-2183191, Fax +86 0771-4733943, Email
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3
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Revealing the role of miRNA-489 as a new onco-suppressor factor in different cancers based on pre-clinical and clinical evidence. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:727-737. [PMID: 34562537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown to be potential therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic targets in disease therapy. These endogenous non-coding RNAs contribute to regulation of different cellular events that are necessary for maintaining physiological condition. Dysregulation of miRNAs is correlated with development of various pathological events such as neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. miRNA-489 is a new emerging miRNA and studies are extensively investigating its role in pathological conditions. Herein, potential function of miRNA-489 as tumor-suppressor in various cancers is described. miRNA-489 is able to sensitize cancer cells into chemotherapy by disrupting molecular pathways involved in cancer growth such as PI3K/Akt, and induction of apoptosis. The PROX1 and SUZ12 as oncogenic pathways, are affected by miRNA-489 in suppressing metastasis of cancer cells. Wnt/β-catenin as an oncogenic factor ensuring growth and malignancy of tumors is inhibited via miRNA-489 function. For enhancing drug sensitivity of tumors, restoring miRNA-489 expression is a promising strategy. The lncRNAs can modulate miRNA-489 expression in tumors and studies about circRNA role in miRNA-489 modulation should be performed. The expression level of miRNA-489 is a diagnostic tool for tumor detection. Besides, down-regulation of miRNA-489 in tumors provides unfavorable prognosis.
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Jiang X, Zhu X, Cheng Y, Azhar M, Xing X, Li W, Cao Y, Shi Q, Bao J. The Spin1 interactor, Spindoc, is dispensable for meiotic division, but essential for haploid spermatid development in mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:144. [PMID: 34526015 PMCID: PMC8442334 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00828-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, germline development undergoes dramatic morphological and molecular changes and is epigenetically subject to intricate yet exquisite regulation. Which epigenetic players and how they participate in the germline developmental process are not fully characterized. Spin1 is a multifunctional epigenetic protein reader that has been shown to recognize H3 "K4me3-R8me2a" histone marks, and more recently the non-canonical bivalent H3 "K4me3-K9me3/2" marks as well. As a robust Spin1-interacting cofactor, Spindoc has been identified to enhance the binding of Spin1 to its substrate histone marks, thereby modulating the downstream signaling; However, the physiological role of Spindoc in germline development is unknown. We generated two Spindoc knockout mouse models through CRISPR/Cas9 strategy, which revealed that Spindoc is specifically required for haploid spermatid development, but not essential for meiotic divisions in spermatocytes. This study unveiled a new epigenetic player that participates in haploid germline development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Azhar
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Xing
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhu Cao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianqiang Bao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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Li D, Guo J, Jia R. Histone code reader SPIN1 is a promising target of cancer therapy. Biochimie 2021; 191:78-86. [PMID: 34492335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SPIN1 is a histone methylation reader, which can epigenetically control multiple tumorigenesis-associated signaling pathways, including the Wnt, PI3K/AKT, and RET pathways. Considerable evidence has shown that SPIN1 is overexpressed in many cancers, which can promote cell proliferation, transformation, metastasis, and chemical or radiation resistance. With the growing understanding of the SPIN1 protein structure, some inhibitors have been developed to interfere with the recognition between SPIN1 and histone H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a methylation and block the oncogenic functions of SPIN1. Therefore, SPIN1 is a potential target of cancer therapy. However, the mechanism by which SPIN1-transformed cells overcome the significant mitotic spindle defects and the factors promoting SPIN1 overexpression in cancers remain unclear. In this review, we described the current understanding of the SPIN1 protein structure and its expression, functions, and regulatory mechanisms in carcinogenesis, and discussed the challenges faced in the mechanisms of SPIN1 overexpression and oncogenic functions, and the potential application of anti-SPIN1 treatment in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Luise C, Robaa D, Sippl W. Exploring aromatic cage flexibility of the histone methyllysine reader protein Spindlin1 and its impact on binding mode prediction: an in silico study. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2021; 35:695-706. [PMID: 34081238 PMCID: PMC8213585 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-021-00391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Some of the main challenges faced in drug discovery are pocket flexibility and binding mode prediction. In this work, we explored the aromatic cage flexibility of the histone methyllysine reader protein Spindlin1 and its impact on binding mode prediction by means of in silico approaches. We first investigated the Spindlin1 aromatic cage plasticity by analyzing the available crystal structures and through molecular dynamic simulations. Then we assessed the ability of rigid docking and flexible docking to rightly reproduce the binding mode of a known ligand into Spindlin1, as an example of a reader protein displaying flexibility in the binding pocket. The ability of induced fit docking was further probed to test if the right ligand binding mode could be obtained through flexible docking regardless of the initial protein conformation. Finally, the stability of generated docking poses was verified by molecular dynamic simulations. Accurate binding mode prediction was obtained showing that the herein reported approach is a highly promising combination of in silico methods able to rightly predict the binding mode of small molecule ligands in flexible binding pockets, such as those observed in some reader proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Luise
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Structure-Based Design, Docking and Binding Free Energy Calculations of A366 Derivatives as Spindlin1 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115910. [PMID: 34072837 PMCID: PMC8199216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromatin reader protein Spindlin1 plays an important role in epigenetic regulation, through which it has been linked to several types of malignant tumors. In the current work, we report on the development of novel analogs of the previously published lead inhibitor A366. In an effort to improve the activity and explore the structure-activity relationship (SAR), a series of 21 derivatives was synthesized, tested in vitro, and investigated by means of molecular modeling tools. Docking studies and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to analyze and rationalize the structural differences responsible for the Spindlin1 activity. The analysis of MD simulations shed light on the important interactions. Our study highlighted the main structural features that are required for Spindlin1 inhibitory activity, which include a positively charged pyrrolidine moiety embedded into the aromatic cage connected via a propyloxy linker to the 2-aminoindole core. Of the latter, the amidine group anchor the compounds into the pocket through salt bridge interactions with Asp184. Different protocols were tested to identify a fast in silico method that could help to discriminate between active and inactive compounds within the A366 series. Rescoring the docking poses with MM-GBSA calculations was successful in this regard. Because A366 is known to be a G9a inhibitor, the most active developed Spindlin1 inhibitors were also tested over G9a and GLP to verify the selectivity profile of the A366 analogs. This resulted in the discovery of diverse selective compounds, among which 1s and 1t showed Spindlin1 activity in the nanomolar range and selectivity over G9a and GLP. Finally, future design hypotheses were suggested based on our findings.
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Role of PUM RNA-Binding Proteins in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010129. [PMID: 33401540 PMCID: PMC7796173 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PUM1 and PUM2 are RNA-binding Pumilio proteins controlling the accessibility of hundreds of mRNAs for translation in a variety of human tissues. As a result, PUMs exemplify one of the mechanisms safeguarding the cellular proteome. PUM expression is disturbed in cancer, resulting in dysregulation of their target mRNAs. These targets encode factors responsible for processes usually affected in cancer, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell cycle. This review describes PUM1 and PUM2 ribonucleoprotein networks and highlights the mechanisms underlying the regulatory role of PUM proteins and, most importantly, the emerging impact of PUM dysregulation in cancer. It also emphasizes the importance of upcoming studies on PUM proteins in the context of cancer, as they may provide new therapeutic targets in the future. Abstract Until recently, post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR), in contrast to transcriptional regulation, was not extensively explored in cancer, even though it seems to be highly important. PUM proteins are well described in the PTGR of several organisms and contain the PUF RNA-binding domain that recognizes the UGUANAUA motif, located mostly in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of target mRNAs. Depending on the protein cofactors recruited by PUM proteins, target mRNAs are directed towards translation, repression, activation, degradation, or specific localization. Abnormal profiles of PUM expression have been shown in several types of cancer, in some of them being different for PUM1 and PUM2. This review summarizes the dysregulation of PUM1 and PUM2 expression in several cancer tissues. It also describes the regulatory mechanisms behind the activity of PUMs, including cooperation with microRNA and non-coding RNA machineries, as well as the alternative polyadenylation pathway. It also emphasizes the importance of future studies to gain a more complete picture of the role of PUM proteins in different types of cancer. Such studies may result in identification of novel targets for future cancer therapies.
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Abstract
Determining the three-dimensional structures of protein complexes is critically important to guide biological research. Structural models of complexes can be built using powerful integrative approaches that combine emerging technologies in mass spectrometry, molecular modeling, and protein docking; however, preparing enriched biochemical samples suitable for analysis remains a major challenge. Here we describe serial capture affinity purification (SCAP), which can be used for the study of protein interactions in live cells and, when combined with cross-linking mass spectrometry, contribute distance restraints for integrative structural modeling. This broadly applicable technology can be used to study any protein complex in human tissue culture cells. We demonstrate SCAP capabilities on a poorly characterized epigenetic protein complex with roles in human cancer. Streamlined characterization of protein complexes remains a challenge for the study of protein interaction networks. Here we describe serial capture affinity purification (SCAP), in which two separate proteins are tagged with either the HaloTag or the SNAP-tag, permitting a multistep affinity enrichment of specific protein complexes. The multifunctional capabilities of this protein-tagging system also permit in vivo validation of interactions using acceptor photobleaching Förster resonance energy transfer and fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy quantitative imaging. By coupling SCAP to cross-linking mass spectrometry, an integrative structural model of the complex of interest can be generated. We demonstrate this approach using the Spindlin1 and SPINDOC protein complex, culminating in a structural model with two SPINDOC molecules docked on one SPIN1 molecule. In this model, SPINDOC interacts with the SPIN1 interface previously shown to bind a lysine and arginine methylated sequence of histone H3. Our approach combines serial affinity purification, live cell imaging, and cross-linking mass spectrometry to build integrative structural models of protein complexes.
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Long Non-Coding RNAs as Strategic Molecules to Augment the Radiation Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186787. [PMID: 32947897 PMCID: PMC7576487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic resistance to ionizing radiation is the major impediment in the treatment and clinical management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), leading to tumor relapse and poor prognosis. Although several biological and molecular mechanisms are responsible for resistance to radiotherapy in ESCC, the molecule(s) involved in predicting radiotherapy response and prognosis are still lacking, thus requiring a detailed understanding. Recent studies have demonstrated an imperative correlation amongst several long non-coding RNAs and their involvement in complex cellular networks like DNA damage and repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, accumulating evidence has suggested abnormal expression of lncRNAs in malignant tumor cells before and after radiotherapy effects in tumor cells' sensitivity. Thus, lncRNAs indeed represent unique molecules that can influence tumor cell susceptibility for various clinical interventions. On this note, herein, we have summarized the current status of lncRNAs in augmenting resistance/sensitivity in ESCC against radiotherapy. In addition, we have also discussed various strategies to increase the radiosensitivity in ESCC cells under clinical settings.
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Lv BB, Ma RR, Chen X, Zhang GH, Song L, Wang SX, Wang YW, Liu HT, Gao P. E2F1-activated SPIN1 promotes tumor growth via a MDM2-p21-E2F1 feedback loop in gastric cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2629-2645. [PMID: 32767629 PMCID: PMC7530787 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers around the world. Searching for specific gene expression changes during the development of GC could help identify potential therapy targets. We previously showed that the histone code reader SPIN1 may act as an oncogene in breast cancer. At present, the biological function and regulation of SPIN1 in GC remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SPIN1 is upregulated in GC tissues, compared with nontumorous gastric tissues. Increased expression of SPIN1 is closely associated with poor prognosis for patients with GC. Increased SPIN1 expression enhances GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promotes cell cycle progression. Mechanically, SPIN1 sustains GC cell proliferation via activation of the MDM2-p21-E2F1 signaling pathway by binding to H3K4me3 of the MDM2 promoter region. Interestingly, E2F1 could directly bind to the SPIN1 promoter and activate its transcription, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Our data suggest that SPIN1 plays an important role in the development of GC and could be used as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Lv
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ran-Ran Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Song
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Su-Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lorton BM, Shechter D. Cellular consequences of arginine methylation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2933-2956. [PMID: 31101937 PMCID: PMC6642692 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification. Three predominant types of arginine-guanidino methylation occur in Eukarya: mono (Rme1/MMA), symmetric (Rme2s/SDMA), and asymmetric (Rme2a/ADMA). Arginine methylation frequently occurs at sites of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions, providing specificity for binding partners and stabilization of important biological interactions in diverse cellular processes. Each methylarginine isoform-catalyzed by members of the protein arginine methyltransferase family, Type I (PRMT1-4,6,8) and Type II (PRMT5,9)-has unique downstream consequences. Methylarginines are found in ordered domains, domains of low complexity, and in intrinsically disordered regions of proteins-the latter two of which are intimately connected with biological liquid-liquid phase separation. This review highlights discoveries illuminating how arginine methylation affects genome integrity, gene transcription, mRNA splicing and mRNP biology, protein translation and stability, and phase separation. As more proteins and processes are found to be regulated by arginine methylation, its importance for understanding cellular physiology will continue to grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Lorton
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - David Shechter
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Liang S, Yang J, Wu H, Teng X, Duan T. Effects of chromosome 9 inversion on IVF/ICSI: A 7-year retrospective cohort study. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e856. [PMID: 31353845 PMCID: PMC6732300 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study focused on the outcomes of patients with pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 who underwent IVF/ICSI and fresh day 2 or day 3 embryo transfer and the possible impacts of carrier gender and chromosome karyotype on pregnancy outcomes. Methods A total of 214 couples (107 couples with one pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 in one partner [Group 1], 107 couples with normal karyotypes [Group 2]) underwent their first IVF/ICSI treatment and were included in this study. Oocyte number, normal fertilization rates, abnormal fertilization rates, cleavage rates, embryo utilization rates, fresh embryo transfer rates, clinical pregnancy rates (CPR), implantation rates, miscarriage rates, and live birth rates per embryo transfer (LBR) were compared between groups. Results Group 1 did not show any disadvantage when compared with Group 2. The CPR and LBR were similar between all groups. The female carrier group had a higher normal fertilization rate and higher utilization rate than the male carrier group. Cases with inv(9)(p12;q13) had a lower utilization rate but a higher implantation rate than the remaining karyotypes. Conclusion In the first IVF or ICSI cycle, couples with one pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 in one partner had satisfactory outcomes. The subgroup analysis showed a tendency of better prognosis for the female carrier and inv(9)(p12;q13) type. This is a retrospective cohort study during 7 years period. In the first IVF or ICSI cycle, couples with one pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 in one partner had satisfactory outcomes. The subgroup analysis showed a tendency of better prognosis for the female carrier and inv(9)(p12;q13) type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhi Yang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Teng
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Duan
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Wang H, Pan T, Zhang Y, Li C. LINC00473/miR-374a-5p regulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via targeting SPIN1 to weaken the effect of radiotherapy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14562-14572. [PMID: 31017716 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent type in esophageal cancers. Despite accumulating achievements in treatments of ESCC, patients still suffer from recurrence because of the treatment failures, one of the reasons for which is radioresistance. Therefore, it is a necessity to explore the molecular mechanism underlying ESCC radioresistance. Long intergenic noncoding RNA 473 (LINC00473) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in several human malignancies. However, its biological function in radiosensitivity of ESCC remains to be fully understood. This study explored the role of LINC00473 in radiosensitivity of ESCC cells and whether LINC00473 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to realize its modulation on radioresistance. We found that LINC00473 was markedly upregulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines, and its expression was remarkably related to cellular response to irradiation. In addition, knockdown of LINC00473 could sensitize ESCC cells to radiation in vitro. As for the underlying mechanism, we uncovered that there was a mutual inhibition between LINC00473 and miR-374a-5p. Spindlin1 (SPIN1) was verified as a downstream target of miR-374a-5p, and LINC00473 upregulated SPIN1 expression through negatively modulating miR-374a-5p expression. Furthermore, we revealed that SPIN1 could aggravate the radioresistance of ESCC cells. Finally, overexpression of SPIN1 reversed the LINC00473 silencing-enhanced radiosensitivity in ESCC cells. To sum up, we demonstrated that LINC00473 facilitated radioresistance by regulating the miR-374a-5p/SPIN1 axis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizuo Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Yanshan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Tumor Chemotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Yinguo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
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15
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Spindlin docking protein (SPIN.DOC) interaction with SPIN1 (a histone code reader) regulates Wnt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:498-503. [PMID: 30803761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Indepth studies of protein-protein interactions are essential for discovering the molecular mechanisms and the biological context of protein functions. Even though previous study on the purification of SPIN1 interacting protein complex has shown Spindlin docking protein (SPIN.DOC) as the most abundant interacting protein partner; the study on the molecular function of SPIN.DOC is limited. Since the role of SPIN1 has been previously documented as a histone code reader and transcriptional coactivator of Wnt signaling, SPIN.DOC may probably involve in epigenetic regulation and Wnt signaling. This study aims to purify SPIN.DOC interacting protein complex and characterize the molecular function of SPIN.DOC. The finding of this study revealed that the suppression of SPIN.DOC expression in HEK293 cells by shRNA, slightly destabilized SPIN1 without any change in its chromatin localization. However, knockdown of SPIN1 decreased the expression and chromatin localization of SPIN.DOC. Nevertheless, overexpression of SPIN.DOC increased the expression and chromatin localization of SPIN1 but no change in the SPIN.DOC protein expression and chromatin localization when SPIN1 is overexpressed. TOPflash reporter assays revealed that SPIN.DOC regulates gene expression in Wnt signaling pathway and act as transcriptional repressor. Further, we show that C-terminal deleted mutant of SPIN.DOC is unable to interact with SPIN1. Unlike the wild type SPIN.DOC which acts as transcriptional repressor, overexpression of C-terminal deletion mutant activates Wnt signaling suggesting that SPIN.DOC-SPIN1 complex may act as transcriptional repressor. Overall, our data revealed new molecular functions of SPIN.DOC.
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16
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Choi JW, Zhou W, Nie ZW, Niu YJ, Shin KT, Cui XS. Spindlin1 alters the metaphase to anaphase transition in meiosis I through regulation of BUB3 expression in porcine oocytes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8963-8974. [PMID: 30317618 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Spindlin 1 (SPIN1), which contains Tudor-like domains, regulates maternal transcripts via interaction with a messenger RNA (mRNA)-binding protein. SPIN1 is involved in tumorigenesis in somatic cells and is highly expressed in cancer cells. Nevertheless, the role of SPIN1 in porcine oocyte maturation remains totally unknown. To explore the function of SPIN1 in porcine oocyte maturation, knockdown, and overexpression techniques were used. SPIN1 mRNA was identified in maternal stages ranging from GV to MII. SPIN1 was localized in the cytoplasm and to chromosomes during meiosis. SPIN1 knockdown accelerated first polar body extrusion. Oocytes with overexpressed SPIN1 were arrested at the MI stage. SPIN1 depletion caused meiotic spindle defects and chromosome instability. The BUB3 signal was investigated, confirming that SPIN1 affects the stability of Bub3 mRNA as well as BUB3 expression. Further, overexpression of SPIN1 inhibited the degradation and regulation of G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1. In summation, SPIN1 regulates the meiotic cell cycle by modulating the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Zheng-Wen Nie
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ying-Jie Niu
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Shin
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
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17
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Zhang X, Zhu G, Su X, Li H, Wu W. Nucleolar localization signal and histone methylation reader function is required for SPIN1 to promote rRNA gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:325-332. [PMID: 30249398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Spindlin1 (SPIN1), a histone modification reader protein, was enriched in the cell nucleolus and facilitated rRNA expression. However, how SPIN1 localizes to the nucleolus and its functional role in rRNA gene expression remain unresolved. Here, we identified a nucleolar localization signal in the N-terminal region of SPIN1 that is essential for its enrichment and function in the nucleolus. We also discovered that, in addition to its H3K4me3 recognizing activity, the H3R8me2a-recognizing capacity of SPIN1 is also indispensable for stimulating rRNA expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation results indicated that SPIN1 is required for the association or assembly of selective factor 1 (SL1) complex, probably facilitating the initiation of rDNA transcription through its H3 K4me3-R8me2a reader function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guixin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaonan Su
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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18
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Janecki DM, Sajek M, Smialek MJ, Kotecki M, Ginter-Matuszewska B, Kuczynska B, Spik A, Kolanowski T, Kitazawa R, Kurpisz M, Jaruzelska J. SPIN1 is a proto-oncogene and SPIN3 is a tumor suppressor in human seminoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32466-32477. [PMID: 30197756 PMCID: PMC6126697 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SPIN1 is necessary for normal meiotic progression in mammals. It is overexpressed in human ovarian cancers and some cancer cell lines. Here, we examined the functional significance and regulation of SPIN1 and SPIN3 in the TCam-2 human seminoma cell line. We found that while SPIN1 overexpression reduced apoptosis in these cells, SPIN3 overexpression induced it. Similarly, SPIN1 upregulated and SPIN3 downregulated CYCD1, which is a downstream target of the PI3K/AKT pathway and contributes to apoptosis resistance in cancer cell lines. It appears that SPIN1 is pro-oncogenic and SPIN3 acts as a tumor suppressor in TCam-2 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SPIN3 tumor suppressor activity. However, both SPIN1 and SPIN3 stimulated cell cycle progression. In addition, using luciferase reporters carrying SPIN1 or SPIN3 mRNA 3′UTRs, we found that PUM1 and PUM2 targeted and repressed SPINs. We also found that PUM1 itself strongly stimulated apoptosis and moderately slowed cell cycle progression in TCam-2 cells, suggesting that PUM1, like SPIN3, is a tumor suppressor. Our findings suggest that acting, at least in part, through SPIN1 and SPIN3, PUM proteins contribute to a mechanism promoting normal human male germ cell apoptotic status and thus preventing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Sajek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Kotecki
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | | | - Bogna Kuczynska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Spik
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kolanowski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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19
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Fang Z, Cao B, Liao JM, Deng J, Plummer KD, Liao P, Liu T, Zhang W, Zhang K, Li L, Margolin D, Zeng SX, Xiong J, Lu H. SPIN1 promotes tumorigenesis by blocking the uL18 (universal large ribosomal subunit protein 18)-MDM2-p53 pathway in human cancer. eLife 2018; 7:31275. [PMID: 29547122 PMCID: PMC5871334 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. However, less is known about the upstream regulators of the RPs. Here, we identify SPIN1 (Spindlin 1) as a novel binding partner of human RPL5/uL18 that is important for this pathway. SPIN1 ablation activates p53, suppresses cell growth, reduces clonogenic ability, and induces apoptosis of human cancer cells. Mechanistically, SPIN1 sequesters uL18 in the nucleolus, preventing it from interacting with MDM2, and thereby alleviating uL18-mediated inhibition of MDM2 ubiquitin ligase activity toward p53. SPIN1 deficiency increases ribosome-free uL18 and uL5 (human RPL11), which are required for SPIN1 depletion-induced p53 activation. Analysis of cancer genomic databases suggests that SPIN1 is highly expressed in several human cancers, and its overexpression is positively correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Altogether, our findings reveal that the oncogenic property of SPIN1 may be attributed to its negative regulation of uL18, leading to p53 inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Jun-Ming Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States.,School of Dentistry at Case Western University, Cleveland, United States
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Kevin D Plummer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics Facility of Xavier RCMI Center of Cancer Research, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, United States
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics Facility of Xavier RCMI Center of Cancer Research, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, United States
| | - Li Li
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Ochsner Clinical Foundation, New Orleans, United States
| | - David Margolin
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ochsner Clinical Foundation, New Orleans, United States
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
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20
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The histone code reader Spin1 controls skeletal muscle development. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3173. [PMID: 29168801 PMCID: PMC5775400 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While several studies correlated increased expression of the histone code reader Spin1 with tumor formation or growth, little is known about physiological functions of the protein. We generated Spin1M5 mice with ablation of Spin1 in myoblast precursors using the Myf5-Cre deleter strain. Most Spin1M5 mice die shortly after birth displaying severe sarcomere disorganization and necrosis. Surviving Spin1M5 mice are growth-retarded and exhibit the most prominent defects in soleus, tibialis anterior, and diaphragm muscle. Transcriptome analyses of limb muscle at embryonic day (E) 15.5, E16.5, and at three weeks of age provided evidence for aberrant fetal myogenesis and identified deregulated skeletal muscle (SkM) functional networks. Determination of genome-wide chromatin occupancy in primary myoblast revealed direct Spin1 target genes and suggested that deregulated basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor networks account for developmental defects in Spin1M5 fetuses. Furthermore, correlating histological and transcriptome analyses, we show that aberrant expression of titin-associated proteins, abnormal glycogen metabolism, and neuromuscular junction defects contribute to SkM pathology in Spin1M5 mice. Together, we describe the first example of a histone code reader controlling SkM development in mice, which hints at Spin1 as a potential player in human SkM disease.
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21
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Bae N, Gao M, Li X, Premkumar T, Sbardella G, Chen J, Bedford MT. A transcriptional coregulator, SPIN·DOC, attenuates the coactivator activity of Spindlin1. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20808-20817. [PMID: 29061846 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Spindlin1 (SPIN1) is a transcriptional coactivator with critical functions in embryonic development and emerging roles in cancer. SPIN1 harbors three Tudor domains, two of which engage the tail of histone H3 by reading the H3-Lys-4 trimethylation and H3-Arg-8 asymmetric dimethylation marks. To gain mechanistic insight into how SPIN1 functions as a transcriptional coactivator, here we purified its interacting proteins. We identified an uncharacterized protein (C11orf84), which we renamed SPIN1 docking protein (SPIN·DOC), that directly binds SPIN1 and strongly disrupts its histone methylation reading ability, causing it to disassociate from chromatin. The Spindlin family of coactivators has five related members (SPIN1, 2A, 2B, 3, and 4), and we found that all of them bind SPIN·DOC. It has been reported previously that SPIN1 regulates gene expression in the Wnt signaling pathway by directly interacting with transcription factor 4 (TCF4). We observed here that SPIN·DOC associates with TCF4 in a SPIN1-dependent manner and dampens SPIN1 coactivator activity in TOPflash reporter assays. Furthermore, knockdown and overexpression experiments indicated that SPIN·DOC represses the expression of a number of SPIN1-regulated genes, including those encoding ribosomal RNA and the cytokine IL1B. In conclusion, we have identified SPIN·DOC as a transcriptional repressor that binds SPIN1 and masks its ability to engage the H3-Lys-4 trimethylation activation mark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narkhyun Bae
- From the Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957
| | - Min Gao
- the Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Xu Li
- the Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Tolkappiyan Premkumar
- From the Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- the Dipartimento di Farmacia, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Junjie Chen
- the Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Mark T Bedford
- From the Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957,
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22
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Lee N, Kim DK, Han SH, Ryu HG, Park SJ, Kim KT, Choi KY. Comparative Interactomes of VRK1 and VRK3 with Their Distinct Roles in the Cell Cycle of Liver Cancer. Mol Cells 2017; 40:621-631. [PMID: 28927264 PMCID: PMC5638770 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) and VRK3 are members of the VRK family of serine/threonine kinases and are principally localized in the nucleus. Despite the crucial roles of VRK1/VRK3 in physiology and disease, the molecular and functional interactions of VRK1/VRK3 are poorly understood. Here, we identified over 200 unreported VRK1/VRK3-interacting candidate proteins by affinity purification and LC-MS/MS. The networks of VRK1 and VRK3 interactomes were found to be associated with important biological processes such as the cell cycle, DNA repair, chromatin assembly, and RNA processing. Interactions of interacting proteins with VRK1/VRK3 were confirmed by biochemical assays. We also found that phosphorylations of XRCC5 were regulated by both VRK1/VRK3, and that of CCNB1 was regulated by VRK3. In liver cancer cells and tissues, VRK1/VRK3 were highly upregulated and its depletion affected cell cycle progression in the different phases. VRK3 seemed to affect S phase progression and G2 or M phase entry and exit, whereas VRK1 affects G1/S transition in the liver cancer, which could be explained by different interacting candidate proteins. Thus, this study not only provides a resource for investigating the unidentified functions of VRK1/VRK3, but also an insight into the regulatory roles of VRK1/VRK3 in biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namgyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Donnelly Centre, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto,
Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto,
Canada
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Hye Guk Ryu
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Kyong-Tai Kim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Kwan Yong Choi
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
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23
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Bae N, Viviano M, Su X, Lv J, Cheng D, Sagum C, Castellano S, Bai X, Johnson C, Khalil MI, Shen J, Chen K, Li H, Sbardella G, Bedford MT. Developing Spindlin1 small-molecule inhibitors by using protein microarrays. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:750-756. [PMID: 28504676 PMCID: PMC5831360 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of inhibitors of methyl- and acetyl-binding domains has provided evidence for the 'druggability' of epigenetic effector molecules. The small-molecule probe UNC1215 prevents methyl-dependent protein-protein interactions by engaging the aromatic cage of MBT domains and, with lower affinity, Tudor domains. Using a library of tagged UNC1215 analogs, we screened a protein-domain microarray of human methyllysine effector molecules to rapidly detect compounds with new binding profiles with either increased or decreased specificity. Using this approach, we identified a compound (EML405) that acquired a novel interaction with the Tudor-domain-containing protein Spindlin1 (SPIN1). Structural studies facilitated the rational synthesis of SPIN1 inhibitors with increased selectivity (EML631-633), which engage SPIN1 in cells, block its ability to 'read' H3K4me3 marks and inhibit its transcriptional-coactivator activity. Protein microarrays can thus be used as a platform to 'target-hop' and identify small molecules that bind and compete with domain-motif interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narkhyun Bae
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Monica Viviano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Xiaonan Su
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lv
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA & Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University
| | - Donghang Cheng
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Cari Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, I-84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Xue Bai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Claire Johnson
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim Khalil
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
- Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA & Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University
| | - Haitao Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Mark T. Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
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Chen X, Wang YW, Xing AY, Xiang S, Shi DB, Liu L, Li YX, Gao P. Suppression of SPIN1-mediated PI3K-Akt pathway by miR-489 increases chemosensitivity in breast cancer. J Pathol 2016; 239:459-72. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Yan Xing
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Xiang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Duan-Bo Shi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Xiang Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan People's Republic of China
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Franz H, Greschik H, Willmann D, Ozretić L, Jilg CA, Wardelmann E, Jung M, Buettner R, Schüle R. The histone code reader SPIN1 controls RET signaling in liposarcoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:4773-89. [PMID: 25749382 PMCID: PMC4467114 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone code reader Spindlin1 (SPIN1) has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor growth, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that reducing SPIN1 levels strongly impairs proliferation and increases apoptosis of liposarcoma cells in vitro and in xenograft mouse models. Combining signaling pathway, genome-wide chromatin binding, and transcriptome analyses, we found that SPIN1 directly enhances expression of GDNF, an activator of the RET signaling pathway, in cooperation with the transcription factor MAZ. Accordingly, knockdown of SPIN1 or MAZ results in reduced levels of GDNF and activated RET explaining diminished liposarcoma cell proliferation and survival. In line with these observations, levels of SPIN1, GDNF, activated RET, and MAZ are increased in human liposarcoma compared to normal adipose tissue or lipoma. Importantly, a mutation of SPIN1 within the reader domain interfering with chromatin binding reduces liposarcoma cell proliferation and survival. Together, our data describe a molecular mechanism for SPIN1 function in liposarcoma and suggest that targeting SPIN1 chromatin association with small molecule inhibitors may represent a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Franz
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Greschik
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Universitätsklinikum Köln, Institut für Pathologie, Köln, Germany
| | - Cordula Annette Jilg
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Gerhard-Domagk-Insitut für Pathologie, Münster, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Standort Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Roland Schüle
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Standort Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Haslene-Hox H, Oveland E, Woie K, Salvesen HB, Tenstad O, Wiig H. Distribution volumes of macromolecules in human ovarian and endometrial cancers--effects of extracellular matrix structure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 308:H18-28. [PMID: 25380817 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00672.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM), notably collagen and glucosaminoglycans, will restrict part of the space available for soluble macromolecules simply because the molecules cannot occupy the same space. This phenomenon may influence macromolecular drug uptake. To study the influence of steric and charge effects of the ECM on the distribution volumes of macromolecules in human healthy and malignant gynecologic tissues we used as probes 15 abundant plasma proteins quantified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The available distribution volume (VA) of albumin was increased in ovarian carcinoma compared with healthy ovarian tissue. Furthermore, VA of plasma proteins between 40 and 190 kDa decreased with size for endometrial carcinoma and healthy ovarian tissue, but was independent of molecular weight for the ovarian carcinomas. An effect of charge on distribution volume was only found in healthy ovaries, which had lower hydration and high collagen content, indicating that a condensed interstitium increases the influence of negative charges. A number of earlier suggested biomarker candidates were detected in increased amounts in malignant tissue, e.g., stathmin and spindlin-1, showing that interstitial fluid, even when unfractionated, can be a valuable source for tissue-specific proteins. We demonstrate that the distribution of abundant plasma proteins in the interstitium can be elucidated by mass spectrometry methods and depends markedly on hydration and ECM structure. Our data can be used in modeling of drug uptake, and give indications on ECM components to be targeted to increase the uptake of macromolecular substances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eystein Oveland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kathrine Woie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Helga B Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav Tenstad
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helge Wiig
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;
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27
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Ducroux A, Benhenda S, Rivière L, Semmes OJ, Benkirane M, Neuveut C. The Tudor domain protein Spindlin1 is involved in intrinsic antiviral defense against incoming hepatitis B Virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004343. [PMID: 25211330 PMCID: PMC4161474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is a major risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV replicates from a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that remains as an episome within the nucleus of infected cells and serves as a template for the transcription of HBV RNAs. The regulatory protein HBx has been shown to be essential for cccDNA transcription in the context of infection. Here we identified Spindlin1, a cellular Tudor-domain protein, as an HBx interacting partner. We further demonstrated that Spindlin1 is recruited to the cccDNA and inhibits its transcription in the context of infection. Spindlin1 knockdown induced an increase in HBV transcription and in histone H4K4 trimethylation at the cccDNA, suggesting that Spindlin1 impacts on epigenetic regulation. Spindlin1-induced transcriptional inhibition was greater for the HBV virus deficient for the expression of HBx than for the HBV WT virus, suggesting that HBx counteracts Spindlin1 repression. Importantly, we showed that the repressive role of Spindlin1 is not limited to HBV transcription but also extends to other DNA virus that replicate within the nucleus such as Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). Taken together our results identify Spindlin1 as a critical component of the intrinsic antiviral defense and shed new light on the function of HBx in HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Ducroux
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 3569, Paris, France
| | - Shirine Benhenda
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 3569, Paris, France
| | - Lise Rivière
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 3569, Paris, France
| | - O. John Semmes
- The Leroy T. Canoles Jr Cancer Research Center and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Monsef Benkirane
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS UPR 1142, Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Neuveut
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 3569, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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28
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Su X, Zhu G, Ding X, Lee SY, Dou Y, Zhu B, Wu W, Li H. Molecular basis underlying histone H3 lysine-arginine methylation pattern readout by Spin/Ssty repeats of Spindlin1. Genes Dev 2014; 28:622-36. [PMID: 24589551 PMCID: PMC3967050 DOI: 10.1101/gad.233239.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Histone modification patterns and their combinatorial readout have emerged as a fundamental mechanism for epigenetic regulation. Here we characterized Spindlin1 as a histone effector that senses a cis-tail histone H3 methylation pattern involving trimethyllysine 4 (H3K4me3) and asymmetric dimethylarginine 8 (H3R8me2a) marks. Spindlin1 consists of triple tudor-like Spin/Ssty repeats. Cocrystal structure determination established concurrent recognition of H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a by Spin/Ssty repeats 2 and 1, respectively. Both H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a are recognized using an "insertion cavity" recognition mode, contributing to a methylation state-specific layer of regulation. In vivo functional studies suggest that Spindlin1 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling downstream from protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) and the MLL complex, which together are capable of generating a specific H3 "K4me3-R8me2a" pattern. Mutagenesis of Spindlin1 reader pockets impairs activation of Wnt target genes. Taken together, our work connects a histone "lysine-arginine" methylation pattern readout by Spindlin1-to-Wnt signaling at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Su
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guixin Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaozhe Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shirley Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Bing Zhu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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29
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Wagner T, Robaa D, Sippl W, Jung M. Mind the Methyl: Methyllysine Binding Proteins in Epigenetic Regulation. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:466-83. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Santos-Valle P, Guijarro-Muñoz I, Cuesta ÁM, Alonso-Camino V, Villate M, Álvarez-Cienfuegos A, Blanco FJ, Sanz L, Álvarez-Vallina L. The heterotrimeric laminin coiled-coil domain exerts anti-adhesive effects and induces a pro-invasive phenotype. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39097. [PMID: 22723936 PMCID: PMC3378518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins are large heterotrimeric cross-shaped extracellular matrix glycoproteins with terminal globular domains and a coiled-coil region through which the three chains are assembled and covalently linked. Laminins are key components of basement membranes, and they serve as attachment sites for cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. In this work, we produced a recombinant fragment comprising the entire laminin coiled-coil of the α1-, β1-, and γ1-chains that assemble into a stable heterotrimeric coiled-coil structure independently of the rest of the molecule. This domain was biologically active and not only failed to serve as a substrate for cell attachment, spreading and focal adhesion formation but also inhibited cell adhesion to laminin when added to cells in a soluble form at the time of seeding. Furthermore, gene array expression profiling in cells cultured in the presence of the laminin coiled-coil domain revealed up-regulation of genes involved in cell motility and invasion. These findings were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR and zymography assays. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that the laminin coiled-coil domain displays anti-adhesive functions and has potential implications for cell migration during matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Santos-Valle
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Guijarro-Muñoz
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M. Cuesta
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Alonso-Camino
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maider Villate
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana Álvarez-Cienfuegos
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Laura Sanz
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (LS); (LA-V)
| | - Luis Álvarez-Vallina
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (LS); (LA-V)
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31
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Wang JX, Zeng Q, Chen L, Du JC, Yan XL, Yuan HF, Zhai C, Zhou JN, Jia YL, Yue W, Pei XT. SPINDLIN1 Promotes Cancer Cell Proliferation through Activation of WNT/TCF-4 Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 10:326-35. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Wang W, Chen Z, Mao Z, Zhang H, Ding X, Chen S, Zhang X, Xu R, Zhu B. Nucleolar protein Spindlin1 recognizes H3K4 methylation and stimulates the expression of rRNA genes. EMBO Rep 2011; 12:1160-6. [PMID: 21960006 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2011.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The tandem Tudor-like domain-containing protein Spindlin1 has been reported to be a meiotic spindle-associated protein. Here we report that Spindlin1 is not associated with the spindle in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells during mitotic divisions. In interphase cells, Spindlin1 specifically localizes to the nucleoli. Moreover, Spindlin1 is a histone methylation effector protein that specifically recognizes H3K4 methylation. Finally, Spindlin1 localizes to the active ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats, and Spindlin1 facilitates the expression of rRNA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Wang
- Chromatin Lab, National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhong Guan Cun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
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33
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CONG B, ZHANG P, WANG JX, ZENG Q, CHEN L, YUE W, PEI XT. Ser84 is The Key Point of Spindlin1 Nuclear Localization and Function*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2008.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Zhang KM, Wang YF, Huo R, Bi Y, Lin M, Sha JH, Zhou ZM. Characterization of Spindlin1 isoform2 in mouse testis. Asian J Androl 2008; 10:741-8. [PMID: 18645677 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2008.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression of Spindlin 1 (Spin 1) isoform2 and assess its function in mouse testis. METHODS First, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine whether Spin1 isoform2 is present in mouse testis. Then the expression patterns of the isoform between newborn and adult mice testes were compared by immunoblot analysis. Finally, the diversity of its localization in mice testes at different ages (days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60) was observed by immunohistochemistry. The localization of the protein in mouse sperm was also investigated by immunofluorescence. RESULTS The RT-PCR results show that Spin1 isoform2 is present in mouse testis. As shown by immunoblot analysis, the isoform was more highly expressed in adult testes compared with newborn testes. Interestingly, Spin1 isoform2 did not show up in the cytoplasm of primary spermatocytes until day 14. Also, the protein exists at the tail of the mouse sperm. CONCLUSION Spin1 isoform2 is a protein expressed highly in adult testis, which might be involved in spermatogenesis and could be necessary for normal sperm motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Mei Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China
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35
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Zhang P, Cong B, Yuan H, Chen L, Lv Y, Bai C, Nan X, Shi S, Yue W, Pei X. Overexpression of spindlin1 induces metaphase arrest and chromosomal instability. J Cell Physiol 2008; 217:400-8. [PMID: 18543248 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Spin/Ssty gene family is high conserved and very abundant transcript involved in gametogenesis, which was repeatedly detected in early embryo. Nevertheless, the biologic roles of the members are still largely unknown. Previously we have identified human gene spindlin1 as a homologue of the family from ovarian cancer cells, and reported that stable overexpression of spindlin1 could transform NIH3T3 cells and induce tumorigenesis in nude mouse. Here, we showed that spindlin1, as a nuclear protein, was relocated during mitosis. A fraction of spindlin1 proteins was dynamic distributed along mitotic spindle tubulin and enriched at midzone following anaphase entering. We also showed that transient overexpression of spindlin1 induced cell cycle delay in metaphase, caused mitotic spindle defects, and resulted in chromosome instability, micronucleus and multinuclear giant cells formation. Moreover, time-lapse microscopy revealed that these cells arrested at metaphase for more than 3 h with chromosome nondisjunction or missegregation. Furthermore, Mad2 up-regulation in these cells suggested that overexpression of spindlin1 may affect the bipolar spindle correctly attachment to chromosomes and activate spindle checkpoint. Taken together, these data demonstrated that excess spindlin1 protein may be detrimental for spindle microtubule organization, chromosomal stability and can potentially contribute to the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell & Regeneration Medicine, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
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36
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Yuan H, Zhang P, Qin L, Chen L, Shi S, Lu Y, Yan F, Bai C, Nan X, Liu D, Li Y, Yue W, Pei X. Overexpression of SPINDLIN1 induces cellular senescence, multinucleation and apoptosis. Gene 2007; 410:67-74. [PMID: 18201843 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human or mouse Spindlin1 is expressed in various tissues and cells, but its biological functions are poorly understood. In this study, we show that human SPINDLIN1 is localized to interphase nucleus and mitotic chromosomes, and its expression in HeLa cells is not regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. When SPINDLIN1 is stably overexpressed in HeLa cells, it results in multinucleation of cells, and these multinucleated cells exhibits characteristic features of senescence and apoptosis shown by growth and morphological alterations, beta-galactosidase activity, and Annexin V/7-Aminoactinomycin D staining. Mouse Spindlin1 is highly homologous with human Spindlin1, when overexpressed in NIH3T3 cells, it also induces multinucleation, senescence and apoptosis in murine cells. Our results demonstrate that SPINDLIN1 is an important gene for mammalian mitotic chromosome functions, and disrupted regulation results in abnormal cell division, a mechanism that may be involved in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Yuan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, China
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37
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Zhao Q, Qin L, Jiang F, Wu B, Yue W, Xu F, Rong Z, Yuan H, Xie X, Gao Y, Bai C, Bartlam M, Pei X, Rao Z. Structure of Human Spindlin1. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:647-56. [PMID: 17082182 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m604029200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spindlin1, a meiotic spindle-binding protein that is highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells, was first identified as a gene involved in gametogenesis. It appeared to be a target for cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and was demonstrated to disturb the cell cycle. Here we report the crystal structure of human spindlin1 to 2.2A of resolution, representing the first three-dimensional structure from the spin/ssty (Y-linked spermiogenesis-specific transcript) gene family. The refined structure, containing three repeats of five/four anti-parallel beta-strands, exhibits a novel arrangement of tandem Tudor-like domains. Two phosphate ions, chelated by Thr-95 and other residues, appear to stabilize the long loop between domains I and II, which might mediate the cell cycle regulation activity of spindlin1. Flow cytometry experiments indicate that cells expressing spindlin1 display a different cell cycle distribution in mitosis, whereas those expressing a T95A mutant, which had a great decrease in phosphorous content, have little effect on the cell cycle. We further identified associations of spindlin1 with nucleic acid to provide a biochemical basis for its cell cycle regulation and other functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Tsinghua-Institute of Biophysics Joint Research Group for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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