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Eid SM, Press VG, Kato H, Vaughn VM, Jenkins AM, Soong C, Gupta V, Michtalik HJ, Keniston A, Burden M, Bhandari S, Mueller SK. Enhancing professional development and promoting collaboration in hospital medicine through the visiting professor exchange program. J Hosp Med 2024; 19:424-428. [PMID: 37602533 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaker M Eid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Valerie G Press
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hirotaka Kato
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Valerie M Vaughn
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ashley M Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Christine Soong
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vineet Gupta
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Henry J Michtalik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angela Keniston
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marisha Burden
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sanjay Bhandari
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephanie K Mueller
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Triplette M, Kross EK, Snidarich M, Shahrir S, Hippe DS, Crothers K. An alternating-intervention pilot trial on the impact of an informational handout on patient-reported outcomes and follow-up after lung cancer screening. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300352. [PMID: 38598511 PMCID: PMC11006146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer screening (LCS) can reduce lung cancer mortality; however, poor understanding of results may impact patient experience and follow-up. We sought to determine whether an informational handout accompanying LCS results can improve patient-reported outcomes and adherence to follow-up. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective alternating intervention pilot trial of a handout to accompany LCS results delivery. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Patients undergoing LCS in a multisite program over a 6-month period received a mailing containing either: 1) a standardized form letter of LCS results (control) or 2) the LCS results letter and the handout (intervention). INTERVENTION A two-sided informational handout on commonly asked questions after LCS created through iterative mixed-methods evaluation with both LCS patients and providers. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes of 1)patient understanding of LCS results, 2)correct identification of next steps in screening, and 3)patient distress were measured through survey. Adherence to recommended follow-up after LCS was determined through chart review. Outcomes were compared between the intervention and control group using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS 389 patients were eligible and enrolled with survey responses from 230 participants (59% response rate). We found no differences in understanding of results, identification of next steps in follow-up or distress but did find higher levels of knowledge and understanding on questions assessing individual components of LCS in the intervention group. Follow-up adherence was overall similar between the two arms, though was higher in the intervention group among those with positive findings (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS There were no differences in self-reported outcomes between the groups or overall follow-up adherence. Those receiving the intervention did report greater understanding and knowledge of key LCS components, and those with positive results had a higher rate of follow-up. This may represent a feasible component of a multi-level intervention to address knowledge and follow-up for LCS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05265897.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Triplette
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Erin K. Kross
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence at UW Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Madison Snidarich
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Shahida Shahrir
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Daniel S. Hippe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kristina Crothers
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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Kitsios GD, Bain W. "Now We Got Bad Blood": Beyond Phenotype Labels in an "Era" of Meta-omics in Critical Illness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:772-774. [PMID: 38306578 PMCID: PMC10995563 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202401-0004ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Kitsios
- School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - William Bain
- School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Xu Y, Ying L, Lang JK, Hinz B, Zhao R. Modeling mechanical activation of macrophages during pulmonary fibrogenesis for targeted anti-fibrosis therapy. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadj9559. [PMID: 38552026 PMCID: PMC10980276 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an often fatal lung disease. Immune cells such as macrophages were shown to accumulate in the fibrotic lung, but their contribution to the fibrosis development is unclear. To recapitulate the involvement of macrophages in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, we developed a fibrotic microtissue model with cocultured human macrophages and fibroblasts. We show that profibrotic macrophages seeded on topographically controlled stromal tissues became mechanically activated. The resulting co-alignment of macrophages, collagen fibers, and fibroblasts promoted widespread fibrogenesis in micro-engineered lung tissues. Anti-fibrosis treatment using pirfenidone disrupts the polarization and mechanical activation of profibrotic macrophages, leading to fibrosis inhibition. Pirfenidone inhibits the mechanical activation of macrophages by suppressing integrin αMβ2 and Rho-associated kinase 2. These results demonstrate a potential pulmonary fibrogenesis mechanism at the tissue level contributed by macrophages. The cocultured microtissue model is a powerful tool to study the immune-stromal cell interactions and the anti-fibrosis drug mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Linxuan Ying
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Lang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Veterans Affairs Western New York Health Care System, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruogang Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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Fulte S, Atto B, McCarty A, Horn KJ, Redzic JS, Eisenmesser E, Yang M, Marsh RL, Tristram S, Clark SE. Heme sequestration by hemophilin from Haemophilus haemolyticus reduces respiratory tract colonization and infection with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. mSphere 2024; 9:e0000624. [PMID: 38380941 PMCID: PMC10964412 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00006-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron acquisition is a key feature dictating the success of pathogen colonization and infection. Pathogens scavenging iron from the host must contend with other members of the microbiome similarly competing for the limited pool of bioavailable iron, often in the form of heme. In this study, we identify a beneficial role for the heme-binding protein hemophilin (Hpl) produced by the non-pathogenic bacterium Haemophilus haemolyticus against its close relative, the opportunistic respiratory tract pathogen non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Using a mouse model, we found that pre-exposure to H. haemolyticus significantly reduced NTHi colonization of the upper airway and impaired NTHi infection of the lungs in an Hpl-dependent manner. Further, treatment with recombinant Hpl was sufficient to decrease airway burdens of NTHi without exacerbating lung immunopathology or systemic inflammation. Instead, mucosal production of the neutrophil chemokine CXCL2, lung myeloperoxidase, and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFα were lower in Hpl-treated mice. Mechanistically, H. haemolyticus suppressed NTHi growth and adherence to human respiratory tract epithelial cells through the expression of Hpl, and recombinant Hpl could recapitulate these effects. Together, these findings indicate that heme sequestration by non-pathogenic, Hpl-producing H. haemolyticus is protective against NTHi colonization and infection. IMPORTANCE The microbiome provides a critical layer of protection against infection with bacterial pathogens. This protection is accomplished through a variety of mechanisms, including interference with pathogen growth and adherence to host cells. In terms of immune defense, another way to prevent pathogens from establishing infections is by limiting the availability of nutrients, referred to as nutritional immunity. Restricting pathogen access to iron is a central component of this approach. Here, we uncovered an example where these two strategies intersect to impede infection with the respiratory tract bacterial pathogen Haemophilus influenzae. Specifically, we find that a non-pathogenic (commensal) bacterium closely related to H. influenzae called Haemophilus haemolyticus improves protection against H. influenzae by limiting the ability of this pathogen to access iron. These findings suggest that beneficial members of the microbiome improve protection against pathogen infection by effectively contributing to host nutritional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Fulte
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brianna Atto
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Arianna McCarty
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kadi J. Horn
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jasmina S. Redzic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Elan Eisenmesser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Michael Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robyn L. Marsh
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Stephen Tristram
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sarah E. Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Bailey-Downs LC, Sherlock LG, Crossley MN, Rivera Negron A, Pierce PT, Wang S, Zhong H, Carter C, Burge K, Eckert JV, Rogers LK, Vitiello PF, Tipple TE. Selenium Deficiency Exacerbates Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury in Newborn C3H/HeN Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:391. [PMID: 38671839 PMCID: PMC11047402 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extremely preterm infants are often treated with supraphysiological oxygen, which contributes to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). These same infants exhibit compromised antioxidant capacities due in part to selenium (Se) deficiency. Se is essential for basal and inducible antioxidant responses. The present study utilized a perinatal Se deficiency (SeD) mouse model to identify the combined effects of newborn hyperoxia exposure and SeD on alveolarization and antioxidant responses, including the identification of affected developmental pathways. Se-sufficient (SeS) and SeD C3H/HeN breeding pairs were generated, and pups were exposed to room air or 85% O2 from birth to 14 d. Survival, antioxidant protein expression, and RNA seq analyses were performed. Greater than 40% mortality was observed in hyperoxia-exposed SeD pups. Surviving SeD pups had greater lung growth deficits than hyperoxia-exposed SeS pups. Gpx2 and 4 protein and Gpx activity were significantly decreased in SeD pups. Nrf2-regulated proteins, Nqo1 and Gclc were increased in SeD pups exposed to hyperoxia. RNA seq revealed significant decreases in the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways. Se is a biologically relevant modulator of perinatal lung development and antioxidant responses, especially in the context of hyperoxia exposure. The RNA seq analyses suggest pathways essential for normal lung development are dysregulated by Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora C. Bailey-Downs
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Laura G. Sherlock
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Michaela N. Crossley
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Aristides Rivera Negron
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Paul T. Pierce
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Shirley Wang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Hua Zhong
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Cynthia Carter
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Kathryn Burge
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Jeffrey V. Eckert
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Lynette K. Rogers
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Peter F. Vitiello
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Trent E. Tipple
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
- Oklahoma Children’s Hospital OU Health, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Morel M, Long W. FBXL16 promotes cell growth and drug resistance in lung adenocarcinomas with KRAS mutation by stabilizing IRS1 and upregulating IRS1/AKT signaling. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:762-777. [PMID: 37983945 PMCID: PMC10920083 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) are a major subtype of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). About 25% of LUADs harbor GTPase KRAS mutations associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. While encouraging tumor response to novel covalent inhibitors specifically targeting KRASG12C has been shown in the clinic, either intrinsic resistance exists or acquired therapeutic resistance arises upon treatment. There is an unmet need to identify new therapeutic targets for treating LUADs with activating KRAS mutations, particularly those with resistance to KRASG12C inhibitor(s). In this study, we have revealed that F-box/LRR-repeat protein 16 (FBXL16) is selectively upregulated in LUAD with KRAS mutations. It promotes LUAD cell growth and transforms lung epithelial cells. Importantly, FBXL16 depletion greatly enhances sensitivity to the KRASG12C inhibitor (sotorasib) in resistant cells by downregulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB; also known as AKT) signaling. Mechanistically, FBXL16 upregulates insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein stability, leading to an increase of IGF1/AKT signaling, thereby promoting cell growth and migration. Taken together, our study highlights the potential of FBXL16 as a therapeutic target for treating LUAD with KRAS activating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Morel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Weiwen Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
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8
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Deng B, Liu S, Wang Y, Ali B, Kong N, Xie T, Koo S, Ouyang J, Tao W. Oral Nanomedicine: Challenges and Opportunities. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2306081. [PMID: 37724825 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Compared to injection administration, oral administration is free of discomfort, wound infection, and complications and has a higher compliance rate for patients with diverse diseases. However, oral administration reduces the bioavailability of medicines, especially biologics (e.g., peptides, proteins, and antibodies), due to harsh gastrointestinal biological barriers. In this context, the development and prosperity of nanotechnology have helped improve the bioactivity and oral availability of oral medicines. On this basis, first, the biological barriers to oral administration are discussed, and then oral nanomedicine based on organic and inorganic nanomaterials and their biomedical applications in diverse diseases are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and potential opportunities in the future development of oral nanomedicine, which may provide a vital reference for the eventual clinical transformation and standardized production of oral nanomedicine, are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Deng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shaomin Liu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Barkat Ali
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Tian Xie
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Seyoung Koo
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiang Ouyang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Li L, Han L, Qu Z. NF-κB RelA is a cell-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint restricting glycolysis. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:11. [PMID: 38245770 PMCID: PMC10799406 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
An intrinsic link between metabolism and function in immune cells, and in particular macrophages, has been well established recently. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the metabolic switch in these sentinel cells for their integral roles in host defense, inflammation, homeostasis, and pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we identify the master transcription factor NF-κB RelA as a vital cell-intrinsic checkpoint restricting aerobic glycolysis to favor mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and "M2" activation (alternative anti-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic activation, in contrast to classical pro-inflammatory and anti-tumor M1 activation) of macrophages under oncogenic stress. RelA specific knockdown or genetic deletion in macrophages causes metabolism to shift away from OXPHOS toward glycolysis, resulting in drastically decreased oxygen consumption but significantly increased lactate and ATP production. The metabolic change in RelA deficient cells is associated with the decrease in the expressions of the OXPHOS gene SCO2 as well as the M2 marker and function genes arginase-1 and VEGF. These data suggest that RelA induces SCO2 expression to enhance OXPHOS and restrict glycolysis in macrophages for their pro-tumorigenic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Qu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4506, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Jaiswal AS, Dutta A, Srinivasan G, Yuan Y, Zhou D, Shaheen M, Sadideen D, Kirby A, Williamson E, Gupta Y, Olsen SK, Xu M, Loranc E, Mukhopadhyay P, Pertsemlidis A, Bishop AR, Sung P, Nickoloff J, Hromas R. TATDN2 resolution of R-loops is required for survival of BRCA1-mutant cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:12224-12241. [PMID: 37953292 PMCID: PMC10711561 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-deficient cells have increased IRE1 RNase, which degrades multiple microRNAs. Reconstituting expression of one of these, miR-4638-5p, resulted in synthetic lethality in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells. We found that miR-4638-5p represses expression of TATDN2, a poorly characterized member of the TATD nuclease family. We discovered that human TATDN2 has RNA 3' exonuclease and endonuclease activity on double-stranded hairpin RNA structures. Given the cleavage of hairpin RNA by TATDN2, and that BRCA1-deficient cells have difficulty resolving R-loops, we tested whether TATDN2 could resolve R-loops. Using in vitro biochemical reconstitution assays, we found TATDN2 bound to R-loops and degraded the RNA strand but not DNA of multiple forms of R-loops in vitro in a Mg2+-dependent manner. Mutations in amino acids E593 and E705 predicted by Alphafold-2 to chelate an essential Mg2+ cation completely abrogated this R-loop resolution activity. Depleting TATDN2 increased cellular R-loops, DNA damage and chromosomal instability. Loss of TATDN2 resulted in poor replication fork progression in the presence of increased R-loops. Significantly, we found that TATDN2 is essential for survival of BRCA1-deficient cancer cells, but much less so for cognate BRCA1-repleted cancer cells. Thus, we propose that TATDN2 is a novel target for therapy of BRCA1-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna S Jaiswal
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Arijit Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Gayathri Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Yaxia Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Montaser Shaheen
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Doraid T Sadideen
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Austin Kirby
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Williamson
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Yogesh K Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shaun K Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Eva Loranc
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Pramiti Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Alexander Pertsemlidis
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Alexander J R Bishop
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Patrick Sung
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jac A Nickoloff
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert Hromas
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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11
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Wang F, Ting C, Riemondy KA, Douglas M, Foster K, Patel N, Kaku N, Linsalata A, Nemzek J, Varisco BM, Cohen E, Wilson JA, Riches DW, Redente EF, Toivola DM, Zhou X, Moore BB, Coulombe PA, Omary MB, Zemans RL. Regulation of epithelial transitional states in murine and human pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165612. [PMID: 37768734 PMCID: PMC10645382 DOI: 10.1172/jci165612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scarring disease arising from impaired regeneration of the alveolar epithelium after injury. During regeneration, type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) assume a transitional state that upregulates multiple keratins and ultimately differentiate into AEC1s. In IPF, transitional AECs accumulate with ineffectual AEC1 differentiation. However, whether and how transitional cells cause fibrosis, whether keratins regulate transitional cell accumulation and fibrosis, and why transitional AECs and fibrosis resolve in mouse models but accumulate in IPF are unclear. Here, we show that human keratin 8 (KRT8) genetic variants were associated with IPF. Krt8-/- mice were protected from fibrosis and accumulation of the transitional state. Keratin 8 (K8) regulated the expression of macrophage chemokines and macrophage recruitment. Profibrotic macrophages and myofibroblasts promoted the accumulation of transitional AECs, establishing a K8-dependent positive feedback loop driving fibrogenesis. Finally, rare murine transitional AECs were highly senescent and basaloid and may not differentiate into AEC1s, recapitulating the aberrant basaloid state in human IPF. We conclude that transitional AECs induced and were maintained by fibrosis in a K8-dependent manner; in mice, most transitional cells and fibrosis resolved, whereas in human IPF, transitional AECs evolved into an aberrant basaloid state that persisted with progressive fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Ting
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kent A. Riemondy
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael Douglas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Nisha Patel
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts
| | - Norihito Kaku
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jean Nemzek
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian M. Varisco
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Erez Cohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jasmine A. Wilson
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - David W.H. Riches
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth F. Redente
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Diana M. Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pierre A. Coulombe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M. Bishr Omary
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rachel L. Zemans
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, and
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12
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Synn AJ, Litchman TD, De Margerie-Mellon C, Bankier AA, Rahaghi FN, Washko GR, San José Estépar R, VanderLaan PA, Rice MB. Relative Loss of Small Pulmonary Vessels on Imaging and Risk of Recurrence of Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:1673-1676. [PMID: 37590317 PMCID: PMC10632925 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202303-191rl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Synn
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary B. Rice
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston, Massachusetts
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13
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Tang S, De Jesus AC, Chavez D, Suthakaran S, Moore SK, Suthakaran K, Homami S, Rathnasinghe R, May AJ, Schotsaert M, Britto CJ, Bhattacharya J, Hook JL. Rescue of alveolar wall liquid secretion blocks fatal lung injury due to influenza-staphylococcal coinfection. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163402. [PMID: 37581936 PMCID: PMC10541650 DOI: 10.1172/jci163402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary lung infection by inhaled Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a common and lethal event for individuals infected with influenza A virus (IAV). How IAV disrupts host defense to promote SA infection in lung alveoli, where fatal lung injury occurs, is not known. We addressed this issue using real-time determinations of alveolar responses to IAV in live, intact, perfused lungs. Our findings show that IAV infection blocked defensive alveolar wall liquid (AWL) secretion and induced airspace liquid absorption, thereby reversing normal alveolar liquid dynamics and inhibiting alveolar clearance of inhaled SA. Loss of AWL secretion resulted from inhibition of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ion channel in the alveolar epithelium, and airspace liquid absorption was caused by stimulation of the alveolar epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Loss of AWL secretion promoted alveolar stabilization of inhaled SA, but rescue of AWL secretion protected against alveolar SA stabilization and fatal SA-induced lung injury in IAV-infected mice. These findings reveal a central role for AWL secretion in alveolar defense against inhaled SA and identify AWL inhibition as a critical mechanism of IAV lung pathogenesis. AWL rescue may represent a new therapeutic approach for IAV-SA coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tang
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Ana Cassandra De Jesus
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Deebly Chavez
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Sayahi Suthakaran
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Sarah K.L. Moore
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Keshon Suthakaran
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Sonya Homami
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Raveen Rathnasinghe
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Microbiology
| | - Alison J. May
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
- Department of Otolaryngology, and
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Microbiology
| | - Clemente J. Britto
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jahar Bhattacharya
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaime L. Hook
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Microbiology
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14
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Voong KR, Illei PB, Presson B, Singh D, Zeng Z, Lanis M, Hales RK, Hu C, Tran PT, Georgiades C, Lin CT, Thiboutout J, Brahmer JR, Forde PM, Naidoo J, Anagnostou V, Smith KN. Ablative radiation alone in stage I lung cancer produces an adaptive systemic immune response: insights from a prospective stud. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007188. [PMID: 37793854 PMCID: PMC10551924 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic ablative body radiation (SABR) delivers high rates of local control in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, systemic immune effects are poorly understood. Here, we evaluate the early pathologic and immunologic effects of SABR. Blood/core-needle tumor biopsies were collected from six patients with stage I NSCLC before and 5-7 days after SABR (48 Gy/4 or 50 Gy/5 fractions). Serial blood was collected up to 1-year post-SABR. We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate pathological changes, immune-cell populations (CD8, FoxP3), and PD-L1/PD-1 expression within the tumor. We evaluated T-cell receptor (TCR) profile changes in the tumor using TCR sequencing. We used the MANAFEST (Mutation-Associated Neoantigen Functional Expansion of Specific T-cells) assay to detect peripheral neoantigen-specific T-cell responses and dynamics. At a median follow-up of 40 months, 83% of patients (n=5) were alive without tumor progression. Early post-SABR biopsies showed viable tumor and similar distribution of immune-cell populations as compared with baseline samples. Core-needle samples proved insufficient to detect population-level TCR-repertoire changes. Functionally, neoantigen-specific T-cells were detected in the blood prior to SABR. A subset of these patients had a transient increase in the frequency of neoantigen-specific T-cells between 1 week and 3-6 months after SABR. SABR alone could induce a delayed, transient neoantigen-specific T-cell immunologic response in patients with stage I NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khinh Ranh Voong
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter B Illei
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bradley Presson
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dipika Singh
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Mark Foundation Center for Advanced Genomics and Imaging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Mark Foundation Center for Advanced Genomics and Imaging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mara Lanis
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Russell K Hales
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Cheng Ting Lin
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey Thiboutout
- Department of Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie R Brahmer
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick M Forde
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jarushka Naidoo
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Valsamo Anagnostou
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kellie N Smith
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Mark Foundation Center for Advanced Genomics and Imaging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Aboushousha R, van der Velden J, Hamilton N, Peng Z, MacPherson M, Erickson C, White S, Wouters EFM, Reynaert NL, Seward DJ, Li J, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Glutaredoxin attenuates glutathione levels via deglutathionylation of Otub1 and subsequent destabilization of system x C. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi5192. [PMID: 37703360 PMCID: PMC10499329 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a critical component of the cellular redox system that combats oxidative stress. The glutamate-cystine antiporter, system xC-, is a key player in GSH synthesis that allows for the uptake of cystine, the rate-limiting building block of GSH. It is unclear whether GSH or GSH-dependent protein oxidation [protein S-glutathionylation (PSSG)] regulates the activity of system xC-. We demonstrate that an environment of enhanced PSSG promotes GSH increases via a system xC--dependent mechanism. Absence of the deglutathionylase, glutaredoxin (GLRX), augmented SLC7A11 protein and led to significant increases of GSH content. S-glutathionylation of C23 or C204 of the deubiquitinase OTUB1 promoted interaction with the E2-conjugating enzyme UBCH5A, leading to diminished ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SLC7A11 and augmentation of GSH, effects that were reversed by GLRX. These findings demonstrate an intricate link between GLRX and GSH via S-glutathionylation of OTUB1 and system xC- and illuminate a previously unknown feed-forward regulatory mechanism whereby enhanced GSH protein oxidation augments cellular GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Nicholas Hamilton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Zhihua Peng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Maximilian MacPherson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Cuixia Erickson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Sheryl White
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Emiel F. M. Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of nutrition and translational research in metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niki L. Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of nutrition and translational research in metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - David J. Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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16
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Ha DM, Comer A, Dollar B, Bedoy R, Ford M, Gozansky WS, Zeng C, Arch JJ, Leach HJ, Malhotra A, Prochazka AV, Keith RL, Boxer RS. Telemedicine-based inspiratory muscle training and walking promotion with lung cancer survivors following curative intent therapy: a parallel-group pilot randomized trial. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:546. [PMID: 37656252 PMCID: PMC10474183 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Following curative-intent therapy of lung cancer, many survivors experience dyspnea and physical inactivity. We investigated the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and potential efficacy of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and walking promotion to disrupt a postulated "dyspnea-inactivity" spiral. METHODS Between January and December 2022, we recruited lung cancer survivors from Kaiser Permanente Colorado who completed curative-intent therapy within 1-6 months into a phase-IIb, parallel-group, pilot randomized trial (1:1 allocation). The 12-week intervention, delivered via telemedicine, consisted of exercise training (IMT + walking), education, and behavior change support. Control participants received educational materials on general exercise. We determined feasibility a priori: enrollment of ≥ 20% eligible patients, ≥ 75% retention, study measure completion, and adherence. We assessed acceptability using the Telemedicine-Satisfaction-and-Usefulness-Questionnaire and safety events that included emergency department visits or hospitalizations. Patient-centered outcome measures (PCOMs) included dyspnea (University-of-California-San-Diego-Shortness-of-Breath-Questionnaire), physical activity (activPAL™ steps/day), functional exercise capacity (mobile-based-six-minute-walk-test), and health-related quality of life (HRQL, St.-George's-Respiratory-Questionnaire). We used linear mixed-effects models to assess potential efficacy. RESULTS We screened 751 patients, identified 124 eligible, and consented 31 (25%) participants. Among 28 participants randomized (14/group), 22 (11/group) completed the study (79% retention). Intervention participants returned > 90% of self-reported activity logs, completed > 90% of PCOMs, and attended > 90% of tele-visits; 75% of participants performed IMT at the recommended dose. Participants had high satisfaction with tele-visits and found the intervention useful. There was no statistically significant difference in safety events between groups. Compared to control participants from baseline to follow-up, intervention participants had statistically significant and clinically meaningful improved HRQL (SGRQ total, symptom, and impact scores) (standardized effect size: -1.03 to -1.30). CONCLUSIONS Among lung cancer survivors following curative-intent therapy, telemedicine-based IMT + walking was feasible, acceptable, safe, and had potential to disrupt the "dyspnea-inactivity" spiral. Future efficacy/effectiveness trials are warranted and should incorporate IMT and walking promotion to improve HRQL. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05059132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc M Ha
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA.
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical & Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Angela Comer
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Blythe Dollar
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Ruth Bedoy
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Morgan Ford
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Wendolyn S Gozansky
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Chan Zeng
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado2550 S Parker Rd Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Joanna J Arch
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cancer Prevention and Control, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather J Leach
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Allan V Prochazka
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert L Keith
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical & Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca S Boxer
- Division of Geriatrics, Hospice and Palliative Care Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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17
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Synn AJ, Menson KE, Carnethon MR, Kalhan R, Sugar EA, Washko GR, Wise RA, Eakin MN. "It's a cause I believe in": factors motivating participation and engagement in longitudinal, respiratory-focused research studies. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:285. [PMID: 37537547 PMCID: PMC10401812 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Key to the success of any prospective cohort study is the effective recruitment and retention of participants, but the specific factors that influence younger adults of the Millennial generation to participate in research are not well-understood. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify factors that motivated participation and engagement in longitudinal research studies focused on respiratory health among a diverse group of young adults. METHODS We conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 50 younger adult participants (aged 25-35 years) regarding factors influencing their participation in longitudinal research studies. Thematic analysis was used to develop, organize, and tabulate the frequency of key themes. In exploratory analyses, we examined for patterns in the distribution of key themes across racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups. RESULTS Participants identified several key themes that affected their willingness to participate in longitudinal studies. These included the health-related benefits generated by research (both to the individual and to society at-large), factors related to the institution and study team conducting the research, concerns regarding unethical and/or unrepresentative study design, and barriers to participation in research. Certain factors may be more impactful to underrepresented groups, including concerns regarding data privacy and confidentiality. CONCLUSIONS In this diverse group of younger adults, we identified specific factors that motivated participation and predicted high engagement in longitudinal research studies focused on respiratory health. Implementing and integrating these factors into study protocols may improve recruitment and retention, including among participants who are historically underrepresented in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Synn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, KSB-23, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Katherine E Menson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Mercedes R Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Sugar
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George R Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Wise
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle N Eakin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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18
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Caporarello N, Ligresti G. Vascular Contribution to Lung Repair and Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:135-146. [PMID: 37126595 PMCID: PMC10399144 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0431tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lungs are constantly exposed to environmental perturbations and therefore have remarkable capacity to regenerate in response to injury. Sustained lung injuries, aging, and increased genomic instability, however, make lungs particularly susceptible to disrepair and fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis constitutes a major cause of morbidity and is often relentlessly progressive, leading to death from respiratory failure. The pulmonary vasculature, which is critical for gas exchanges and plays a key role during lung development, repair, and regeneration, becomes aberrantly remodeled in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Although capillary rarefaction and increased vascular permeability are recognized as distinctive features of fibrotic lungs, the role of vasculature dysfunction in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis has only recently emerged as an important contributor to the progression of this disease. This review summarizes current findings related to lung vascular repair and regeneration and provides recent insights into the vascular abnormalities associated with the development of persistent lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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19
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Wang F, Cali Daylan AE, Deng L, Yang J, Sharma J, Su C, Li S, Zang X, Halmos B, Borczuk A, Cheng H. Heterogeneous Expression of PD-L1, B7x, B7-H3, and HHLA2 in Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma and the Related Regulatory Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3372. [PMID: 37444481 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has transformed lung cancer management, but PSC remains an aggressive subtype with a poor prognosis. This study investigates the differential expression of PD-L1 and alternative immune checkpoints (ICs; B7x, B7-H3, and HHLA2), and genetic alterations in PSCs. Tumor specimens of 41 PSC patients were evaluated. PD-L1, B7x, B7-H3, and HHLA2 were positive in 75.0%, 67.6%, 73.0%, and 91.9% of tumors, respectively. PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in the epithelial compared to the sarcomatoid component (median TPS: 50% vs. 0%, p = 0.010). Expression of PD-L1 in both components was only seen in 32.1% of patients. However, at least one IC was expressed in 92.9% of epithelial and 100% of sarcomatoid components. Furthermore, METex14 was detected in 19.5% of patients and was associated with a higher sarcomatoid percentage. Our preclinical studies revealed that METex14 induced PD-L1 expression via MAPK or PI3K/Akt pathways, and MET inhibitors decreased PD-L1 expression. Our findings demonstrate distinct expressions of ICs in PSC subcomponents. Thus, combination IC inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in PSC warrants further exploration. A high percentage of METex14 in PSC and its role in regulating PD-L1 expression reveal different therapeutic targets in this aggressive NSCLC subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Lei Deng
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jihua Yang
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Janaki Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Christopher Su
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shenduo Li
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Alain Borczuk
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Haiying Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
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20
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Hsieh K, Dickstein DR, Runnels J, Lehrer EJ, Rosenzweig K, Hirsch FR, Samstein RM. Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1642. [PMID: 37371737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a pillar of cancer treatment has emphasized the immune system's integral role in tumor control and progression through cancer immune surveillance. ICIs are being investigated and incorporated into the treatment paradigm for lung cancers across stages and histology. To date, definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by consolidative durvalumab is the only National Comprehensive Cancer Network's recommended treatment paradigm including radiotherapy with ICI in lung cancers, although there are other recommendations for ICI with chemotherapy and/or surgery. This narrative review provides an overall view of the evolving integration and synergistic role of immunotherapy and radiotherapy and outlines the use of immunotherapy with radiotherapy for the management of small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It also reviews selected, practice-changing clinical trials that led to the current standard of care for lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Hsieh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel R Dickstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Juliana Runnels
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric J Lehrer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kenneth Rosenzweig
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert M Samstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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21
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Moon HG, Kim SJ, Kim KH, Kim YM, Rehman J, Lee H, Wu YC, Lee SSY, Christman JW, Ackerman SJ, Kim M, You S, Park GY. CX 3CR 1+ Macrophage Facilitates the Resolution of Allergic Lung Inflammation via Interacting CCL26. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1451-1463. [PMID: 36790376 PMCID: PMC10263139 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1670oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The resolution of inflammation is an active process coordinated by mediators and immune cells to restore tissue homeostasis. However, the mechanisms for resolving eosinophilic allergic lung inflammation triggered by inhaled allergens have not been fully elucidated. Objectives: Our objectives were to investigate the cellular mechanism of tissue-resident macrophages involved in the resolution process of eosinophilic lung inflammation. Methods: For the study, we used the institutional review board-approved protocol for human subsegmental bronchoprovocation with allergen, mouse models for allergic lung inflammation, and novel transgenic mice, including a conditional CCL26 knockout. The samples were analyzed using mass cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing, and biophysical and immunological analyses. Measurements and Main Results: We compared alveolar macrophage (AM) subsets in the BAL before and after allergen provocation. In response to provocation with inhaled allergens, the subsets of AMs are dynamically changed in humans and mice. In the steady state, the AM subset expressing CX3CR1 is a relatively small fraction in bronchoalveolar space and lung tissue but drastically increases after allergen challenges. This subset presents unique patterns of gene expression compared with classical AMs, expressing high C1q family genes. CX3CR1+ macrophages are activated by airway epithelial cell-derived CCL26 via a receptor-ligand interaction. The binding of CCL26 to the CX3CR1+ receptor induces CX3CR1+ macrophages to secrete C1q, subsequently facilitating the clearance of eosinophils. Furthermore, the depletion of CX3CR1 macrophages or CCL26 in airway epithelial cells delays the resolution of allergic lung inflammation displaying prolonged tissue eosinophilia. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the CCL26-CX3CR1 pathway is pivotal in resolving eosinophilic allergic lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Geun Moon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine
| | - Seung-jae Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Center for Biomolecular Sciences
| | | | | | - John W. Christman
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven J. Ackerman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Minhyung Kim
- Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Sungyoung You
- Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Gye Young Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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22
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Smith R, Yendamuri S, Vedire Y, Rosario S, Zollo R, Washington D, Sass S, Ivanick NM, Reid M, Barbi J. Immunoprofiling bronchoalveolar lavage cells reveals multifaceted smoking-associated immune dysfunction. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00688-2022. [PMID: 37342091 PMCID: PMC10277872 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00688-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is an underutilised tool in the search for pulmonary disease biomarkers. While leukocytes with effector and suppressor function play important roles in airway immunity and tumours, it remains unclear if frequencies and phenotypes of BAL leukocytes can be useful parameters in lung cancer studies and clinical trials. We therefore explored the utility of BAL leukocytes as a source of biomarkers interrogating the impact of smoking, a major lung cancer risk determinant, on pulmonary immunity. Methods In this "test case" observational study, BAL samples from 119 donors undergoing lung cancer screening and biopsy procedures were evaluated by conventional and spectral flow cytometry to exemplify the comprehensive immune analyses possible with this biospecimen. Proportions of major leukocyte populations and phenotypic markers levels were found. Multivariate linear rank sum analysis considering age, sex, cancer diagnosis and smoking status was performed. Results Significantly increased frequencies of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and PD-L1-expressing macrophages were found in current and former smokers compared to never-smokers. While cytotoxic CD8 T-cells and conventional CD4 helper T-cell frequencies were significantly reduced in current and former smokers, expression of immune checkpoints PD-1 and LAG-3 as well as Tregs proportions were increased. Lastly, the cellularity, viability and stability of several immune readouts under cryostorage suggested BAL samples are useful for correlative end-points in clinical trials. Conclusions Smoking is associated with heightened markers of immune dysfunction, readily assayable in BAL, that may reflect a permissive environment for cancer development and progression in the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Smith
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Sai Yendamuri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
- These authors contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Yeshwanth Vedire
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Spencer Rosario
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Zollo
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Deschana Washington
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Sass
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nathaniel M. Ivanick
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mary Reid
- Department of Medicine – Survivorship and Supportive Care, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Barbi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
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23
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Rustam S, Hu Y, Mahjour SB, Rendeiro AF, Ravichandran H, Urso A, D’Ovidio F, Martinez FJ, Altorki NK, Richmond B, Polosukhin V, Kropski JA, Blackwell TS, Randell SH, Elemento O, Shaykhiev R. A Unique Cellular Organization of Human Distal Airways and Its Disarray in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1171-1182. [PMID: 36796082 PMCID: PMC10161760 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1384oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Remodeling and loss of distal conducting airways, including preterminal and terminal bronchioles (pre-TBs/TBs), underlie progressive airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The cellular basis of these structural changes remains unknown. Objectives: To identify biological changes in pre-TBs/TBs in COPD at single-cell resolution and determine their cellular origin. Methods: We established a novel method of distal airway dissection and performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 111,412 cells isolated from different airway regions of 12 healthy lung donors and pre-TBs of 5 patients with COPD. Imaging CyTOF and immunofluorescence analysis of pre-TBs/TBs from 24 healthy lung donors and 11 subjects with COPD were performed to characterize cellular phenotypes at a tissue level. Region-specific differentiation of basal cells isolated from proximal and distal airways was studied using an air-liquid interface model. Measurements and Main Results: The atlas of cellular heterogeneity along the proximal-distal axis of the human lung was assembled and identified region-specific cellular states, including SCGB3A2+ SFTPB+ terminal airway-enriched secretory cells (TASCs) unique to distal airways. TASCs were lost in COPD pre-TBs/TBs, paralleled by loss of region-specific endothelial capillary cells, increased frequency of CD8+ T cells normally enriched in proximal airways, and augmented IFN-γ signaling. Basal cells residing in pre-TBs/TBs were identified as a cellular origin of TASCs. Regeneration of TASCs by these progenitors was suppressed by IFN-γ. Conclusions: Altered maintenance of the unique cellular organization of pre-TBs/TBs, including loss of the region-specific epithelial differentiation in these bronchioles, represents the cellular manifestation and likely the cellular basis of distal airway remodeling in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Hu
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Andre F. Rendeiro
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Hiranmayi Ravichandran
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Andreacarola Urso
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Frank D’Ovidio
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Nasser K. Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Bradley Richmond
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | | | - Jonathan A. Kropski
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Scott H. Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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24
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Hong J, Wong B, Huynh C, Tang B, Ruffenach G, Li M, Umar S, Yang X, Eghbali M. Tm4sf1-marked Endothelial Subpopulation Is Dysregulated in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:381-394. [PMID: 36252184 PMCID: PMC10112423 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0020oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification and role of endothelial progenitor cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain controversial. Single-cell omics analysis can shed light on endothelial progenitor cells and their potential contribution to PAH pathobiology. We aim to identify endothelial cells that may have stem/progenitor potential in rat lungs and assess their relevance to PAH. Differential expression, gene set enrichment, cell-cell communication, and trajectory reconstruction analyses were performed on lung endothelial cells from single-cell RNA sequencing of Sugen-hypoxia, monocrotaline, and control rats. Relevance to human PAH was assessed in multiple independent blood and lung transcriptomic data sets. Rat lung endothelial cells were visualized by immunofluorescence in situ, analyzed by flow cytometry, and assessed for tubulogenesis in vitro. A subpopulation of endothelial cells (endothelial arterial type 2 [EA2]) marked by Tm4sf1 (transmembrane 4 L six family member 1), a gene strongly implicated in cancer, harbored a distinct transcriptomic signature enriched for angiogenesis and CXCL12 signaling. Trajectory analysis predicted that EA2 has a less differentiated state compared with other endothelial subpopulations. Analysis of independent data sets revealed that TM4SF1 is downregulated in lungs and endothelial cells from patients and PAH models, is a marker for hematopoietic stem cells, and is upregulated in PAH circulation. TM4SF1+CD31+ rat lung endothelial cells were visualized in distal pulmonary arteries, expressed hematopoietic marker CD45, and formed tubules in coculture with lung fibroblasts. Our study uncovered a novel Tm4sf1-marked subpopulation of rat lung endothelial cells that may have stem/progenitor potential and demonstrated its relevance to PAH. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate the role of EA2 and Tm4sf1 in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Brenda Wong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Brian Tang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, and
| | - Gregoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Min Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, and
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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25
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Kim K, Zhang WZ, Kikkers SA, O’Beirne SL, Strulovici-Barel Y, Kaner RJ, Crystal RG, Cloonan SM. Use of the Iron Chelator Deferiprone to Restore Function in BAL Fluid Macrophages in Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:458-462. [PMID: 37000441 PMCID: PMC10112420 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0372le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kihwan Kim
- Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suzanne M. Cloonan
- Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York, New York
- Trinity College DublinDublin, Ireland
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26
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Moutsoglou DM, Tatah J, Prisco SZ, Prins KW, Staley C, Lopez S, Blake M, Teigen L, Kazmirczak F, Weir EK, Kabage AJ, Guan W, Khoruts A, Thenappan T. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients Have a Proinflammatory Gut Microbiome and Altered Circulating Microbial Metabolites. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:740-756. [PMID: 36343281 PMCID: PMC10037487 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0490oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Inflammation drives pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Gut dysbiosis causes immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation by altering circulating microbial metabolites; however, little is known about gut dysbiosis and microbial metabolites in PAH. Objectives: To characterize the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in patients with PAH. Methods: We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene and shotgun metagenomics sequencing on stool from patients with PAH, family control subjects, and healthy control subjects. We measured markers of inflammation, gut permeability, and microbial metabolites in plasma from patients with PAH, family control subjects, and healthy control subjects. Measurements and Main Results: The gut microbiome was less diverse in patients with PAH. Shannon diversity index correlated with measures of pulmonary vascular disease but not with right ventricular function. Patients with PAH had a distinct gut microbial signature at the phylogenetic level, with fewer copies of gut microbial genes that produce antiinflammatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids and lower relative abundances of species encoding these genes. Consistent with the gut microbial changes, patients with PAH had relatively lower plasma concentrations of SCFAs and secondary bile acids. Patients with PAH also had enrichment of species with the microbial genes that encoded the proinflammatory microbial metabolite trimethylamine. The changes in the gut microbiome and circulating microbial metabolites between patients with PAH and family control subjects were not as substantial as the differences between patients with PAH and healthy control subjects. Conclusions: Patients with PAH have proinflammatory gut dysbiosis, in which lower circulating SCFAs and secondary bile acids may facilitate pulmonary vascular disease. These findings support investigating modulation of the gut microbiome as a potential treatment for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasmine Tatah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Kurt W. Prins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Christopher Staley
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Sharon Lopez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
| | - Madelyn Blake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Levi Teigen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
| | | | | | | | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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27
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Ben Guebila M, Wang T, Lopes-Ramos CM, Fanfani V, Weighill D, Burkholz R, Schlauch D, Paulson JN, Altenbuchinger M, Shutta KH, Sonawane AR, Lim J, Calderer G, van IJzendoorn DGP, Morgan D, Marin A, Chen CY, Song Q, Saha E, DeMeo DL, Padi M, Platig J, Kuijjer ML, Glass K, Quackenbush J. The Network Zoo: a multilingual package for the inference and analysis of gene regulatory networks. Genome Biol 2023; 24:45. [PMID: 36894939 PMCID: PMC9999668 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inference and analysis of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) require software that integrates multi-omic data from various sources. The Network Zoo (netZoo; netzoo.github.io) is a collection of open-source methods to infer GRNs, conduct differential network analyses, estimate community structure, and explore the transitions between biological states. The netZoo builds on our ongoing development of network methods, harmonizing the implementations in various computing languages and between methods to allow better integration of these tools into analytical pipelines. We demonstrate the utility using multi-omic data from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. We will continue to expand the netZoo to incorporate additional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouen Ben Guebila
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Camila M Lopes-Ramos
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Viola Fanfani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Des Weighill
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebekka Burkholz
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Daniel Schlauch
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Genospace, LLC, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph N Paulson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Michael Altenbuchinger
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Department of Medical Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abhijeet R Sonawane
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Lim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Present Address: Monoceros Biosystems, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Genis Calderer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - David G P van IJzendoorn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Present Address: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Morgan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong University, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Cho-Yi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Qi Song
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Present Address: Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Enakshi Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megha Padi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - John Platig
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marieke L Kuijjer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Jaiswal AS, Kim HS, Schärer OD, Sharma N, Williamson E, Srinivasan G, Phillips L, Kong K, Arya S, Misra A, Dutta A, Gupta Y, Walter C, Burma S, Narayan S, Sung P, Nickoloff J, Hromas R. EEPD1 promotes repair of oxidatively-stressed replication forks. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcac044. [PMID: 36683914 PMCID: PMC9846428 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Unrepaired oxidatively-stressed replication forks can lead to chromosomal instability and neoplastic transformation or cell death. To meet these challenges cells have evolved a robust mechanism to repair oxidative genomic DNA damage through the base excision repair (BER) pathway, but less is known about repair of oxidative damage at replication forks. We found that depletion or genetic deletion of EEPD1 decreases clonogenic cell survival after oxidative DNA damage. We demonstrate that EEPD1 is recruited to replication forks stressed by oxidative damage induced by H2O2 and that EEPD1 promotes replication fork repair and restart and decreases chromosomal abnormalities after such damage. EEPD1 binds to abasic DNA structures and promotes resolution of genomic abasic sites after oxidative stress. We further observed that restoration of expression of EEPD1 via expression vector transfection restores cell survival and suppresses chromosomal abnormalities induced by oxidative stress in EEPD1-depleted cells. Consistent with this, we found that EEPD1 preserves replication fork integrity by preventing oxidatively-stressed unrepaired fork fusion, thereby decreasing chromosome instability and mitotic abnormalities. Our results indicate a novel role for EEPD1 in replication fork preservation and maintenance of chromosomal stability during oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna S Jaiswal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Hyun-Suk Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Williamson
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Gayathri Srinivasan
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Linda Phillips
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kimi Kong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shailee Arya
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Anurag Misra
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Arijit Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Yogesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Christi A Walter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sandeep Burma
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Satya Narayan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Patrick Sung
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jac A Nickoloff
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert Hromas
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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29
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Frump AL, Yakubov B, Walts A, Fisher A, Cook T, Chesler NC, Lahm T. Estrogen Receptor-α Exerts Endothelium-Protective Effects and Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:341-344. [PMID: 36856412 PMCID: PMC9989477 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0224le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amanda Fisher
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis, Indiana
| | - Todd Cook
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Tim Lahm
- National Jewish HealthDenver, Colorado
- University of ColoradoDenver, Colorado
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAurora, Colorado
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30
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Balasubramanian A, Holbrook JT, Canning BJ, Que LG, Castro M, Make BJ, Rogers L, Busk MF, Rea A, McCook-Veal AA, He J, McCormack MC, Wise RA. Efficacy and tolerability of zinc acetate for treatment of chronic refractory cough: pilot randomised futility trial. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00678-2022. [PMID: 37057088 PMCID: PMC10086688 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00678-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cough is the most reported symptom in the United States, with chronic refractory cough representing significant morbidity to patients. Zinc acetate may have beneficial effects in the cough reflex pathway. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of zinc acetate in the management of chronic refractory cough. Study design and methods This was a randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-design pilot trial of individuals with chronic refractory cough. The effects of 6 weeks of zinc acetate versus placebo on quality of life and symptoms as measured by the Cough Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (CQLQ), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), cough visual analogue score (C-VAS) and Global Assessment of Change in Cough (GACC) scores were evaluated. A futility analysis plan with a one-sided 80% confidence interval was used to compare treatment effect to published minimum clinically important differences (MCID) for each outcome. Results 34 participants, 17 in each group, were enrolled and randomised. Participants were primarily white females with moderate-severe cough. Participants assigned to zinc acetate had a significant increase in serum zinc levels after 6 weeks, while those assigned to placebo did not. Both groups showed improvement in CQLQ, LCQ, C-VAS and GACC scores, but the treatment effects of zinc acetate versus placebo were small with confidence intervals that did not include the MCIDs. Interpretation We observed no benefit of zinc therapy over placebo on cough symptoms or quality of life and conclude that larger trials of zinc for chronic cough are not warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Balasubramanian
- The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janet T. Holbrook
- The Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brendan J. Canning
- The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loretta G. Que
- Duke University School of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mario Castro
- Kansas University Medical Center, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Kansas City, KA, USA
| | - Barry J. Make
- National Jewish Health, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Linda Rogers
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael F. Busk
- St Vincent Health, Wellness and Preventive Care Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alexis Rea
- The Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley A. McCook-Veal
- The Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiaxian He
- The Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meredith C. McCormack
- The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert A. Wise
- The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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31
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Krings JG, Gerald JK, Blake KV, Krishnan JA, Reddel HK, Bacharier LB, Dixon AE, Sumino K, Gerald LB, Brownson RC, Persell SD, Clemens CJ, Hiller KM, Castro M, Martinez FD. A Call for the United States to Accelerate the Implementation of Reliever Combination Inhaled Corticosteroid-Formoterol Inhalers in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:390-405. [PMID: 36538711 PMCID: PMC9940146 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1729pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James G. Krings
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Joe K. Gerald
- Department of Community Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health
- Asthma & Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kathryn V. Blake
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Translational Research, Nemours Children’s Health, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Helen K. Reddel
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Leonard B. Bacharier
- Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anne E. Dixon
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Kaharu Sumino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Lynn B. Gerald
- Population Health Sciences Program, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ross C. Brownson
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, and
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephen D. Persell
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Center for Primary Care Innovation, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Katherine M. Hiller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; and
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas
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32
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Dixon AE, Que LG, Kalhan R, Dransfield MT, Rogers L, Gerald LB, Kraft M, Krishnan JA, Johnson O, Hazucha H, Roy G, Holbrook JT, Wise RA. Roflumilast May Increase Risk of Exacerbations When Used to Treat Poorly Controlled Asthma in People with Obesity. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:206-214. [PMID: 36170654 PMCID: PMC9989863 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202204-368oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: People with obesity often have severe, difficult-to-control asthma. There is a need to develop better treatments for this population. One potential treatment is roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, as it is reported to have efficacy for the treatment of asthma and can promote weight loss. Objectives: To investigate the potential efficacy of roflumilast for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity. Methods: A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of 24 weeks of roflumilast versus placebo for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity (body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher). The primary outcome was a change in ACT (Asthma Control Test) score. Results: Twenty-two people were randomized to roflumilast and 16 to placebo. Roflumilast had no effect on change in the ACT (increased by 2.6 [interquartile range (IQR), 0.5-4.4] in those on roflumilast vs. 2.0 [IQR, 0.7-3.3] in those on placebo). Participants assigned to roflumilast had a 3.5-fold (relative risk [RR] 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-9.4) increased risk of an episode of poor asthma control and an 8.1-fold (RR 95% CI, 1.01-65.0) increased risk of an urgent care visit for asthma. Ten participants (56%) assigned to roflumilast required a course of oral corticosteroids for asthma exacerbations, and none in the placebo group. Participants losing 5% or more of their body weight experienced a clinically and statistically significant improvement in asthma control (ACT increased by 4.4 [IQR, 2.5-6.3] vs. 1.5 [IQR, 0.0-3.0] in those who lost less than 5%). Conclusions: Roflumilast had no effect on asthma control. Of concern, roflumilast was associated with an increased risk of exacerbation in obese individuals with poorly controlled asthma. These results highlight the importance of studying interventions in different subpopulations of people with asthma, particularly people with obesity and asthma who may respond differently to medications than lean people with asthma. Weight loss of at least 5% was associated with improved asthma control, indicating that interventions other than roflumilast promoting weight loss may have efficacy for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03532490).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Loretta G. Que
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark T. Dransfield
- Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Linda Rogers
- Mount Sinai-National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Monica Kraft
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health & Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- Breathe Chicago Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Olivia Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Gem Roy
- Bloomberg School of Public Health and
| | | | - Robert A. Wise
- Bloomberg School of Public Health and
- Depatment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Reyfman PA, Malsin ES, Khuder B, Joshi N, Gadhvi G, Flozak AS, Carns MA, Aren K, Goldberg IA, Kim S, Alexander M, Sporn PHS, Misharin AV, Budinger GS, Lam AP, Hinchcliff M, Gottardi CJ, Winter DR. A Novel MIP-1-Expressing Macrophage Subtype in BAL Fluid from Healthy Volunteers. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:176-185. [PMID: 36174229 PMCID: PMC9986555 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0123oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue availability remains an important limitation of single-cell genomic technologies for investigating cellular heterogeneity in human health and disease. BAL represents a minimally invasive approach to assessing an individual's lung cellular environment for diagnosis and research. However, the lack of high-quality, healthy lung reference data is a major obstacle to using single-cell approaches to study a plethora of lung diseases. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on over 40,000 cells isolated from the BAL of four healthy volunteers. Of the six cell types or lineages we identified, macrophages were consistently the most numerous across individuals. Our analysis confirmed the expression of marker genes defining cell types despite background signals because of the ambient RNA found in many single-cell studies. We assessed the variability of gene expression across macrophages and defined a distinct subpopulation of cells expressing a set of genes associated with Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 (MIP-1). RNA in situ hybridization and reanalysis of published lung single-cell data validated the presence of this macrophage subpopulation. Thus, our study characterizes lung macrophage heterogeneity in healthy individuals and provides a valuable resource for future studies to understand the lung environment in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Reyfman
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Elizabeth S. Malsin
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Basil Khuder
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Nikita Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Gaurav Gadhvi
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Annette S. Flozak
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Mary A. Carns
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Kathleen Aren
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Isaac A. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Seokjo Kim
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Peter H. S. Sporn
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Anna P. Lam
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Deborah R. Winter
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois and
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Rojas JC, Chokkara S, Zhu M, Lindenauer PK, Press VG. Care Quality for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Readmission Penalty Era. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:29-37. [PMID: 35916652 PMCID: PMC9952855 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0496oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fifth-leading cause of admissions and third-leading cause of readmissions among U.S. adults. Recent policies instituted financial penalties for excessive COPD readmissions. Objectives: To evaluate changes in the quality of care for patients hospitalized for COPD after implementation of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients older than 40 years of age hospitalized for COPD across 995 U.S. hospitals (Premier Healthcare Database). Measurements and Main Results: Quality of care before and after HRRP implementation was measured via adherence to recommended inpatient care treatments for acute exacerbations of COPD (recommended care, nonrecommended care, "ideal care" [all recommended and no nonrecommended care]). We included 662,842 pre-HRRP (January 2010-September 2014) and 285,508 post-HRRP (October 2014-December 2018) admissions. Recommended care increased at a rate of 0.16% per month pre-HRRP and 0.01% per month post-HRRP (P < 0.001). Nonrecommended care decreased at a rate of 0.15% per month pre-HRRP and 0.13% per month post-HRRP. Ideal care increased at a rate of 0.24% per month pre-HRRP and 0.11% per month post-HRRP (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The pre-HRRP trends toward improving care quality for inpatient COPD care slowed after HRRP implementation. This suggests that financial penalties for readmissions did not stimulate higher quality of care for patients hospitalized with COPD. It remains unclear what policies or approaches will be effective to ensure high care quality for patients hospitalized with COPD exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Rojas
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Sukarn Chokkara
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Mengqi Zhu
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Peter K. Lindenauer
- Department of Healthcare Delivery and Population Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School – Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Valerie G. Press
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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35
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Gopal P, Petty A, Rogacki K, Bera T, Bareja R, Peacock CD, Abazeed ME. Multivalent state transitions shape the intratumoral composition of small cell lung carcinoma. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabp8674. [PMID: 36516249 PMCID: PMC9750150 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies to date have not resolved how diverse transcriptional programs contribute to the intratumoral heterogeneity of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), an aggressive tumor associated with a dismal prognosis. Here, we identify distinct and commutable transcriptional states that confer discrete functional attributes in individual SCLC tumors. We combine an integrative approach comprising the transcriptomes of 52,975 single cells, high-resolution measurement of cell state dynamics at the single-cell level, and functional and correlative studies using treatment naïve xenografts with associated clinical outcomes. We show that individual SCLC tumors contain distinctive proportions of stable cellular states that are governed by bidirectional cell state transitions. Using drugs that target the epigenome, we reconfigure tumor state composition in part by altering individual state transition rates. Our results reveal new insights into how single-cell transition behaviors promote cell state equilibrium in SCLC and suggest that facile plasticity underlies its resistance to therapy and lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gopal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aaron Petty
- Department of Translational Hematology Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St./NE-6, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Kevin Rogacki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Titas Bera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Craig D. Peacock
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Biomedical Research Building 647B, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohamed E. Abazeed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St./Lurie 7, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Wise RA, Holbrook JT, Brown RH, Criner GJ, Dransfield MT, He J, Henderson RJ, Kaminsky DA, Kaner RJ, Lazarus SC, Make BJ, McCormack MC, Neptune ER, Que LG. Clinical Trial of Losartan for Pulmonary Emphysema: Pulmonary Trials Cooperative Losartan Effects on Emphysema Progression Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:838-845. [PMID: 35649189 PMCID: PMC9799269 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202201-0206oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: There are no pharmacologic agents that modify emphysema progression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker, to reduce emphysema progression. Methods: The trial was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted between May 2017 and January 2021. Eligible participants were aged ⩾40 years, had moderate to severe airflow obstruction, ⩾10 pack-years of smoking, mild-moderate emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography, and no medical indication for or intolerance of angiotensin receptor blockers. Treatment with losartan 100 mg daily or matching placebo (1:1) was randomly assigned. The primary outcome was emphysema progression on high-resolution computed tomography over 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, the COPD Assessment Test, and the Physical Function-Short Form 20a. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 220 participants were enrolled; 58% were men, 19% were African American, and 24% were current smokers. The medians (interquartile ranges) for age were 65 (61-73) years and 48 (36-59) for percent predicted FEV1 after bronchodilator use. The mean (95% confidence interval) percentage emphysema progression was 1.35% (0.67-2.03) in the losartan group versus 0.66% (0.09-1.23) in the placebo group (P = NS). Conclusions: Losartan did not prevent emphysema progression in people with COPD with mild-moderate emphysema. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02696564).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Wise
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Janet T. Holbrook
- Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gerard J. Criner
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark T. Dransfield
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jiaxian He
- Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert J. Henderson
- Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David A. Kaminsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Robert J. Kaner
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Stephen C. Lazarus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Barry J. Make
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and
| | | | - Enid R. Neptune
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Loretta G. Que
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Shivshankar P, Karmouty-Quintana H, Mills T, Doursout MF, Wang Y, Czopik AK, Evans SE, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Host Response, Immunity, and Therapeutic Targets. Inflammation 2022; 45:1430-1449. [PMID: 35320469 PMCID: PMC8940980 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a global pandemic with severe socioeconomic effects. Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and organ failure. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) on bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells triggers host inflammatory pathways that lead to pathophysiological changes. Proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (IFN) signaling in alveolar epithelial cells counter barrier disruption, modulate host innate immune response to induce chemotaxis, and initiate the resolution of inflammation. Here, we discuss experimental models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection, molecular pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation, and viral hijacking of anti-inflammatory pathways, such as delayed type-I IFN response. Mechanisms of alveolar adaptation to hypoxia, adenosinergic signaling, and regulatory microRNAs are discussed as potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Shivshankar
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tingting Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marie-Francoise Doursout
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Agnieszka K Czopik
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Scott E Evans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Giacalone D, Yap RE, Ecker AMV, Tan S. PrrA modulates Mycobacterium tuberculosis response to multiple environmental cues and is critically regulated by serine/threonine protein kinases. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010331. [PMID: 35913986 PMCID: PMC9371303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to adapt to its surrounding environment is critical for the bacterium to successfully colonize its host. Transcriptional changes are a vital mechanism by which Mtb responds to key environmental signals experienced, such as pH, chloride (Cl-), nitric oxide (NO), and hypoxia. However, much remains unknown regarding how Mtb coordinates its response to the disparate signals seen during infection. Utilizing a transcription factor (TF) overexpression plasmid library in combination with a pH/Cl--responsive luciferase reporter, we identified the essential TF, PrrA, part of the PrrAB two-component system, as a TF involved in modulation of Mtb response to pH and Cl-. Further studies revealed that PrrA also affected Mtb response to NO and hypoxia, with prrA overexpression dampening induction of NO and hypoxia-responsive genes. PrrA is phosphorylated not just by its cognate sensor histidine kinase PrrB, but also by serine/threonine protein kinases (STPKs) at a second distinct site. Strikingly, a STPK-phosphoablative PrrA variant was significantly dampened in its response to NO versus wild type Mtb, disrupted in its ability to adaptively enter a non-replicative state upon extended NO exposure, and attenuated for in vivo colonization. Together, our results reveal PrrA as an important regulator of Mtb response to multiple environmental signals, and uncover a critical role of STPK regulation of PrrA in its function. Vital to successful host colonization by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis, is the bacterium’s ability to respond and adapt to changes in its local environment during infection. Here, we discover that the essential transcription factor PrrA, part of the PrrAB two-component system (TCS), modulates Mtb response to four important environmental cues encountered within the host: pH, chloride, nitric oxide, and hypoxia. PrrA acts as a rheostat, adjusting the amplitude of Mtb gene expression changes upon bacterial exposure to each of the four environmental signals. Further, we reveal a critical impact of serine/threonine protein kinases (STPKs) on PrrA function, with prevention of STPK phosphorylation of PrrA disrupting adaptive response of Mtb to growth-inhibiting cues and attenuating the bacterium’s ability to colonize its host. Our work uncovers PrrA as a regulator with broad impact across environmental signals, and highlights how two regulatory systems, TCSs and STPKs, critically interact in coordinating Mtb response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Giacalone
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rochelle E. Yap
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alwyn M. V. Ecker
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shumin Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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Xie W, Tackett AP, Berlowitz JB, Harlow AF, Kathuria H, Galiatsatos P, Fetterman JL, Cho J, Blaha MJ, Hamburg NM, Robertson RM, DeFilippis AP, Hall ME, Bhatnagar A, Benjamin EJ, Stokes AC. Association of Electronic Cigarette Use with Respiratory Symptom Development among U.S. Young Adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:1320-1329. [PMID: 35089853 PMCID: PMC9873120 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202107-1718oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is highly prevalent among young adults. However, longitudinal data assessing the association between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms are lacking. Objectives: To determine whether e-cigarette use is associated with the development of respiratory symptoms in young adults. Methods: Data are derived from the PATH (Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health) study waves 2 (2014-2015), 3 (2015-2016), 4 (2016-2018), and 5 (2018-2019). Young adults aged 18-24 years at baseline with no prevalent respiratory disease or symptoms were included in the analyses. Binary logistic regression models with a generalized estimating equation were used to estimate time-varying and time-lagged associations of e-cigarette use during waves 2-4, with respiratory symptom development approximately 12 months later at waves 3-5. Measurements and Main Results: The per-wave prevalence of former and current e-cigarette use was 15.2% and 5.6%, respectively. Former e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of developing any respiratory symptom (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.39) and wheezing in the chest (aOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.08-1.83) in multivariable adjusted models. Current e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds for any respiratory symptom (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.06-1.65) and wheezing in the chest (aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.06-2.14). Associations persisted among participants who never smoked combustible cigarettes. Conclusions: In this nationally representative cohort of young adults, former and current e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of developing wheezing-related respiratory symptoms, after accounting for cigarette smoking and other combustible tobacco product use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alayna P. Tackett
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Alyssa F. Harlow
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Panagis Galiatsatos
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessica L. Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Junhan Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael J. Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Naomi M. Hamburg
- Evans Department of Medicine
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Rose Marie Robertson
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Andrew P. DeFilippis
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael E. Hall
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Emelia J. Benjamin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Evans Department of Medicine
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Andrew C. Stokes
- Department of Global Health
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas
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40
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Kato T, Radicioni G, Papanikolas MJ, Stoychev GV, Markovetz MR, Aoki K, Porterfield M, Okuda K, Barbosa Cardenas SM, Gilmore RC, Morrison CB, Ehre C, Burns KA, White KK, Brennan TA, Goodell HP, Thacker H, Loznev HT, Forsberg LJ, Nagase T, Rubinstein M, Randell SH, Tiemeyer M, Hill DB, Kesimer M, O’Neal WK, Ballard ST, Freeman R, Button B, Boucher RC. Mucus concentration-dependent biophysical abnormalities unify submucosal gland and superficial airway dysfunction in cystic fibrosis. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm9718. [PMID: 35363522 PMCID: PMC10938572 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a description of CF lung disease pathophysiology unifying superficial epithelial and submucosal gland (SMG) dysfunctions has remained elusive. We hypothesized that biophysical abnormalities associated with CF mucus hyperconcentration provide a unifying mechanism. Studies of the anion secretion-inhibited pig airway model of CF revealed elevated SMG mucus concentrations, osmotic pressures, and SMG mucus accumulation. Human airway studies revealed hyperconcentrated CF SMG mucus with raised osmotic pressures and cohesive forces predicted to limit SMG mucus secretion/release. Using proline-rich protein 4 (PRR4) as a biomarker of SMG secretion, CF sputum proteomics analyses revealed markedly lower PRR4 levels compared to healthy and bronchiectasis controls, consistent with a failure of CF SMGs to secrete mucus onto airway surfaces. Raised mucus osmotic/cohesive forces, reflecting mucus hyperconcentration, provide a unifying mechanism that describes disease-initiating mucus accumulation on airway surfaces and in SMGs of the CF lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giorgia Radicioni
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Micah J. Papanikolas
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Georgi V. Stoychev
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew R. Markovetz
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Melody Porterfield
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Rodney C. Gilmore
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cameron B. Morrison
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Camille Ehre
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kimberlie A. Burns
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristen K. White
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tara A. Brennan
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Henry P. Goodell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Holly Thacker
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Henry T. Loznev
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lawrence J. Forsberg
- Protein Expression and Purification Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Scott H. Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael Tiemeyer
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David B. Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mehmet Kesimer
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wanda K. O’Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephen T. Ballard
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ronit Freeman
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard C. Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Horn KJ, Jaberi Vivar AC, Arenas V, Andani S, Janoff EN, Clark SE. Corynebacterium Species Inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization and Infection of the Mouse Airway. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:804935. [PMID: 35082772 PMCID: PMC8784410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.804935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability and composition of the airway microbiome is an important determinant of respiratory health. Some airway bacteria are considered to be beneficial due to their potential to impede the acquisition and persistence of opportunistic bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Among such organisms, the presence of Corynebacterium species correlates with reduced S. pneumoniae in both adults and children, in whom Corynebacterium abundance is predictive of S. pneumoniae infection risk. Previously, Corynebacterium accolens was shown to express a lipase which cleaves host lipids, resulting in the production of fatty acids that inhibit growth of S. pneumoniae in vitro. However, it was unclear whether this mechanism contributes to Corynebacterium-S. pneumoniae interactions in vivo. To address this question, we developed a mouse model for Corynebacterium colonization in which colonization with either C. accolens or another species, Corynebacterium amycolatum, significantly reduced S. pneumoniae acquisition in the upper airway and infection in the lung. Moreover, the lungs of co-infected mice had reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory myeloid cells, indicating resolution of infection-associated inflammation. The inhibitory effect of C. accolens on S. pneumoniae in vivo was mediated by lipase-dependent and independent effects, indicating that both this and other bacterial factors contribute to Corynebacterium-mediated protection in the airway. We also identified a previously uncharacterized bacterial lipase in C. amycolatum that is required for inhibition of S. pneumoniae growth in vitro. Together, these findings demonstrate the protective potential of airway Corynebacterium species and establish a new model for investigating the impact of commensal microbiota, such as Corynebacterium, on maintaining respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadi J. Horn
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Alexander C. Jaberi Vivar
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vera Arenas
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sameer Andani
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward N. Janoff
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sarah E. Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
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42
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Maron MI, Casill AD, Gupta V, Roth JS, Sidoli S, Query CC, Gamble MJ, Shechter D. Type I and II PRMTs inversely regulate post-transcriptional intron detention through Sm and CHTOP methylation. eLife 2022; 11:e72867. [PMID: 34984976 PMCID: PMC8765754 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are required for the regulation of RNA processing factors. Type I PRMT enzymes catalyze mono- and asymmetric dimethylation; Type II enzymes catalyze mono- and symmetric dimethylation. To understand the specific mechanisms of PRMT activity in splicing regulation, we inhibited Type I and II PRMTs and probed their transcriptomic consequences. Using the newly developed Splicing Kinetics and Transcript Elongation Rates by Sequencing (SKaTER-seq) method, analysis of co-transcriptional splicing demonstrated that PRMT inhibition resulted in altered splicing rates. Surprisingly, co-transcriptional splicing kinetics did not correlate with final changes in splicing of polyadenylated RNA. This was particularly true for retained introns (RI). By using actinomycin D to inhibit ongoing transcription, we determined that PRMTs post-transcriptionally regulate RI. Subsequent proteomic analysis of both PRMT-inhibited chromatin and chromatin-associated polyadenylated RNA identified altered binding of many proteins, including the Type I substrate, CHTOP, and the Type II substrate, SmB. Targeted mutagenesis of all methylarginine sites in SmD3, SmB, and SmD1 recapitulated splicing changes seen with Type II PRMT inhibition, without disrupting snRNP assembly. Similarly, mutagenesis of all methylarginine sites in CHTOP recapitulated the splicing changes seen with Type I PRMT inhibition. Examination of subcellular fractions further revealed that RI were enriched in the nucleoplasm and chromatin. Taken together, these data demonstrate that, through Sm and CHTOP arginine methylation, PRMTs regulate the post-transcriptional processing of nuclear, detained introns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim I Maron
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Alyssa D Casill
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Varun Gupta
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Jacob S Roth
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Charles C Query
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Matthew J Gamble
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - David Shechter
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
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43
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Brooks MB, Lecca L, Contreras C, Calderon R, Yataco R, Galea J, Huang CC, Murray MB, Becerra MC. Prediction Tool to Identify Children at Highest Risk of Tuberculosis Disease Progression Among Those Exposed at Home. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab487. [PMID: 34805431 PMCID: PMC8599776 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of research to understand which children, among those who are exposed at home to tuberculosis (TB), are at the highest risk of TB disease, to tailor care. We sought to identify predictors of TB progression in children. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of children living with adults with pulmonary TB in Lima, Peru (2009-2012). We applied classification and regression tree analysis to examine potential predictors of incident TB disease during 12 months in 3 age groups (0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years). We calculated the relative risk (RR) for top predictors in each age group. RESULTS Among 4545 children 0-14 years old, 156 (3.4%) were diagnosed with TB within 1 year of household exposure to TB (3.4%, 2.3%, and 4.7% in children 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years old, respectively). The most important predictor of TB was having a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) result, with RRs of 6.6 (95% CI, 4.0-10.7), 6.6 (95% CI, 3.2-13.6), and 5.2 (95% CI, 3.0-9.0) in the age groups 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years, respectively. In young children with a positive TST, not using isoniazid preventive treatment further increased risk of disease (RR, 12.2 [95% CI, 3.8-39.2]). CONCLUSIONS We present a tool that identifies child household contacts at high risk of TB disease progression based on data collected during contact tracing. In addition to the use of TB preventive therapy for all children exposed at home to TB, those children at highest risk of progressing to TB disease may benefit from more frequent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith B Brooks
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonid Lecca
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Partners In Health/Socios En Salud, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Roger Calderon
- Partners In Health/Socios En Salud, Lima, Peru
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosa Yataco
- Partners In Health/Socios En Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Jerome Galea
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chuan-Chin Huang
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megan B Murray
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mercedes C Becerra
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Partners In Health/Socios En Salud, Lima, Peru
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44
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Negi V, Yang J, Speyer G, Pulgarin A, Handen A, Zhao J, Tai YY, Tang Y, Culley MK, Yu Q, Forsythe P, Gorelova A, Watson AM, Al Aaraj Y, Satoh T, Sharifi-Sanjani M, Rajaratnam A, Sembrat J, Provencher S, Yin X, Vargas SO, Rojas M, Bonnet S, Torrino S, Wagner BK, Schreiber SL, Dai M, Bertero T, Al Ghouleh I, Kim S, Chan SY. Computational repurposing of therapeutic small molecules from cancer to pulmonary hypertension. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabh3794. [PMID: 34669463 PMCID: PMC8528428 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh3794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapies are being considered for treating rare noncancerous diseases like pulmonary hypertension (PH), but effective computational screening is lacking. Via transcriptomic differential dependency analyses leveraging parallels between cancer and PH, we mapped a landscape of cancer drug functions dependent upon rewiring of PH gene clusters. Bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) protein inhibitors were predicted to rely upon several gene clusters inclusive of galectin-8 (LGALS8). Correspondingly, LGALS8 was found to mediate the BET inhibitor–dependent control of endothelial apoptosis, an essential role for PH in vivo. Separately, a piperlongumine analog’s actions were predicted to depend upon the iron-sulfur biogenesis gene ISCU. Correspondingly, the analog was found to inhibit ISCU glutathionylation, rescuing oxidative metabolism, decreasing endothelial apoptosis, and improving PH. Thus, we identified crucial drug-gene axes central to endothelial dysfunction and therapeutic priorities for PH. These results establish a wide-ranging, network dependency platform to redefine cancer drugs for use in noncancerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinny Negi
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jimin Yang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gil Speyer
- Research Computing, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Andres Pulgarin
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam Handen
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingsi Zhao
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Yin Tai
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Miranda K. Culley
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qiujun Yu
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Forsythe
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anastasia Gorelova
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Annie M. Watson
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yassmin Al Aaraj
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taijyu Satoh
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University of Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574 Sendai, Japan
| | - Maryam Sharifi-Sanjani
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Arun Rajaratnam
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Xianglin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sara O. Vargas
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Bridget K. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Thomas Bertero
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Imad Al Ghouleh
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Kim B, Guaregua V, Chen X, Zhao C, Yeow W, Berg NK, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Characterization of a Murine Model System to Study MicroRNA-147 During Inflammatory Organ Injury. Inflammation 2021; 44:1426-1440. [PMID: 33566257 PMCID: PMC7873671 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory organ injury and sepsis have profound impacts on the morbidity and mortality of surgical and critical care patients. MicroRNAs are small RNAs composed of 20-25 nucleotides that have a significant contribution to gene regulation. MicroRNA-147 (miR-147), in particular, has been shown to have an emerging role in different physiological functions such as cell cycle regulation and inflammatory responses. However, animal model systems to study tissue-specific functions of miR-147 during inflammatory conditions in vivo are lacking. In the present study, we characterize miR-147 expression in different organs and cell types. Next, we generated a transgenic mouse line with a floxed miR-147 gene. Subsequently, we used this mouse line to generate mice with whole-body deletion of miR-147 (miR-147 -/-) by crossing "floxed" miR-147 mice with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in all tissues (CMVcre mice). Systematic analysis of miR-147 -/- mice demonstrates normal growth, development, and off-spring. In addition, deletion of the target gene in different organs was successful at baseline or during inflammation, including the heart, intestine, stomach, liver, spleen, bone marrow, lungs, kidneys, or stomach. Moreover, miR-147 -/- mice have identical baseline inflammatory gene expression compared to C57BL/6 mice, except elevated IL-6 expression in the spleen (7.5 fold, p < 0.05). Taken together, our data show the successful development of a transgenic animal model for tissue and cell-specific deletion of miR-147 that can be used to study the functional roles of miR-147 during inflammatory organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor Guaregua
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chad Zhao
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wanyi Yeow
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Reyfman PA, Sugar E, Hazucha H, Hixon J, Reynolds C, Bose S, Dransfield MT, Han MK, Estepar RSJ, Rice MB, Washko GR, Carnethon M, Kalhan R. Study protocol for a national cohort of adults focused on respiratory health: the American Lung Association Lung Health Cohort (ALA-LHC) Study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053342. [PMID: 34226239 PMCID: PMC8258664 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current framework for investigating respiratory diseases is based on defining lung health as the absence of lung disease. In order to develop a comprehensive approach to prevent the development of lung disease, there is a need to evaluate the full spectrum of lung health spanning from ideal to impaired lung health. The American Lung Association (ALA) Lung Health Cohort is a new, population-based, cohort study focused primarily on characterising lung health in members of the millennial generation without diagnosed severe respiratory disease. Participants will be enrolled for the baseline study visit starting in 2021, and funding will be sought to support future study exams as part of a longitudinal cohort study. This study will be crucial for developing a novel paradigm of lung health throughout the adult life course. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will leverage the existing infrastructure of the ALA Airways Clinical Research Centers network to enrol 4000 participants between ages 25 and 35 years old at 39 sites across the USA between April 2021 and December 2024. Study procedures will include physical assessment, spirometry, chest CT scan, accelerometry and collection of nasal epithelial lining fluid, nasal epithelial cells, blood and urine. Participants will complete questionnaires about their sociodemographic characteristics, home address histories and exposures, work history and exposure, medical histories, lung health and health behaviours and activity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Medicine Institutional Review Board. Findings will be disseminated to the scientific community through peer-reviewed journals and at professional conferences. The lay public will receive scientific findings directly through the ALA infrastructure including the official public website. Deidentified datasets will be deposited to BioLINCC, and deidentified biospecimens may be made available to qualified investigators along with a limited-use datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Reyfman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sugar
- Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather Hazucha
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jenny Hixon
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Curt Reynolds
- Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sonali Bose
- Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - MeiLan K Han
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Raul San Jose Estepar
- Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary B Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Environmental Health, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George R Washko
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mercedes Carnethon
- Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Reyes M, Filbin MR, Bhattacharyya RP, Sonny A, Mehta A, Billman K, Kays KR, Pinilla-Vera M, Benson ME, Cosimi LA, Hung DT, Levy BD, Villani AC, Sade-Feldman M, Baron RM, Goldberg MB, Blainey PC, Hacohen N. Plasma from patients with bacterial sepsis or severe COVID-19 induces suppressive myeloid cell production from hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabe9599. [PMID: 34103408 PMCID: PMC8432955 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe9599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19 share similar clinical manifestations and are both associated with dysregulation of the myeloid cell compartment. We previously reported an expanded CD14+ monocyte state, MS1, in patients with bacterial sepsis and validated expansion of this cell subpopulation in publicly available transcriptomics data. Here, using published datasets, we show that the gene expression program associated with MS1 correlated with sepsis severity and was up-regulated in monocytes from patients with severe COVID-19. To examine the ontogeny and function of MS1 cells, we developed a cellular model for inducing CD14+ MS1 monocytes from healthy bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We found that plasma from patients with bacterial sepsis or COVID-19 induced myelopoiesis in HSPCs in vitro and expression of the MS1 gene program in monocytes and neutrophils that differentiated from these HSPCs. Furthermore, we found that plasma concentrations of IL-6, and to a lesser extent IL-10, correlated with increased myeloid cell output from HSPCs in vitro and enhanced expression of the MS1 gene program. We validated the requirement for these two cytokines to induce the MS1 gene program through CRISPR-Cas9 editing of their receptors in HSPCs. Using this cellular model system, we demonstrated that induced MS1 cells were broadly immunosuppressive and showed decreased responsiveness to stimulation with a synthetic RNA analog. Our in vitro study suggests a potential role for systemic cytokines in inducing myelopoiesis during severe bacterial or SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reyes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Filbin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roby P Bhattacharyya
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abraham Sonny
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kyle R Kays
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mayra Pinilla-Vera
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maura E Benson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa A Cosimi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah T Hung
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloe Villani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia B Goldberg
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Blainey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kragstrup TW, Singh HS, Grundberg I, Nielsen ALL, Rivellese F, Mehta A, Goldberg MB, Filbin MR, Qvist P, Bibby BM. Plasma ACE2 predicts outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252799. [PMID: 34086837 PMCID: PMC8177449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) enabling entrance of the virus into cells and causing the infection termed coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we investigate associations between plasma ACE2 and outcome of COVID-19. METHODS AND RESULTS This analysis used data from a large longitudinal study of 306 COVID-19 positive patients and 78 COVID-19 negative patients (MGH Emergency Department COVID-19 Cohort). Comprehensive clinical data were collected on this cohort, including 28-day outcomes. The samples were run on the Olink® Explore 1536 platform which includes measurement of the ACE2 protein. High admission plasma ACE2 in COVID-19 patients was associated with increased maximal illness severity within 28 days with OR = 1.8, 95%-CI: 1.4-2.3 (P < 0.0001). Plasma ACE2 was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with hypertension compared with patients without hypertension (P = 0.0045). Circulating ACE2 was also significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing heart conditions and kidney disease compared with patients without these pre-existing conditions (P = 0.0363 and P = 0.0303, respectively). CONCLUSION This study suggests that measuring plasma ACE2 is potentially valuable in predicting COVID-19 outcomes. Further, ACE2 could be a link between COVID-19 illness severity and its established risk factors hypertension, pre-existing heart disease and pre-existing kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tue W. Kragstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Felice Rivellese
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marcia B. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Filbin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, CGPM, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bo Martin Bibby
- Department of Biostatistics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Le Sage V, Jones JE, Kormuth KA, Fitzsimmons WJ, Nturibi E, Padovani GH, Arevalo CP, French AJ, Avery AJ, Manivanh R, McGrady EE, Bhagwat AR, Lauring AS, Hensley SE, Lakdawala SS. Pre-existing heterosubtypic immunity provides a barrier to airborne transmission of influenza viruses. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009273. [PMID: 33600489 PMCID: PMC7891786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-to-human transmission of influenza viruses is a serious public health threat, yet the precise role of immunity from previous infections on the susceptibility to airborne infection is still unknown. Using the ferret model, we examined the roles of exposure duration and heterosubtypic immunity on influenza transmission. We demonstrate that a 48 hour exposure is sufficient for efficient transmission of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. To test pre-existing immunity, a gap of 8–12 weeks between primary and secondary infections was imposed to reduce innate responses and ensure robust infection of donor animals with heterosubtypic viruses. We found that pre-existing H3N2 immunity did not significantly block transmission of the 2009 H1N1pandemic (H1N1pdm09) virus to immune animals. Surprisingly, airborne transmission of seasonal H3N2 influenza strains was abrogated in recipient animals with H1N1pdm09 pre-existing immunity. This protection from natural infection with H3N2 virus was independent of neutralizing antibodies. Pre-existing immunity with influenza B virus did not block H3N2 virus transmission, indicating that the protection was likely driven by the adaptive immune response. We demonstrate that pre-existing immunity can impact susceptibility to heterologous influenza virus strains, and implicate a novel correlate of protection that can limit the spread of respiratory pathogens through the air. Influenza viruses pose a major public health threat through both seasonal epidemics and sporadic pandemics. An individual’s first influenza virus infection leaves long-lasting immunity, which plays an unknown role on susceptibility to airborne transmission of new viral strains. We show that pre-existing heterosubtypic immunity against the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus protects recipient animals from airborne transmission of a seasonal H3N2 influenza virus, which is independent of cross-neutralizing antibodies. Pre-existing immunity with influenza B viruses was not protective suggesting that this phenomenon is driven by an adaptive response. Taken together, these data indicate that pre-existing immunity is an important barrier to airborne transmission and can influence the emergence and spread of potentially pandemic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Le Sage
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Jones
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Karen A. Kormuth
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - William J. Fitzsimmons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Eric Nturibi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gabriella H. Padovani
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Claudia P. Arevalo
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andrea J. French
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Annika J. Avery
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard Manivanh
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth E. McGrady
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amar R. Bhagwat
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Adam S. Lauring
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Scott E. Hensley
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Seema S. Lakdawala
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Stabile LP, Kumar V, Gaither-Davis A, Huang EH, Vendetti FP, Devadassan P, Dacic S, Bao R, Steinman RA, Burns TF, Bakkenist CJ. Syngeneic tobacco carcinogen-induced mouse lung adenocarcinoma model exhibits PD-L1 expression and high tumor mutational burden. JCI Insight 2021; 6:145307. [PMID: 33351788 PMCID: PMC7934870 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in current or former smokers exhibits a high tumor mutational burden (TMB) and distinct mutational signatures. Syngeneic mouse models of clinically relevant smoking-related LUAD are lacking. We established and characterized a tobacco-associated, transplantable murine LUAD cell line, designated FVBW-17, from a LUAD induced by the tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in the FVB/N mouse strain. Whole-exome sequencing of FVBW-17 cells identified tobacco-associated KrasG12D and Trp53 mutations and a similar mutation profile to that of classic alkylating agents with a TMB greater than 500. FVBW-17 cells transplanted subcutaneously, via tail vein, and orthotopically generated tumors that were histologically similar to human LUAD in FVB/N mice. FVBW-17 tumors expressed programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), were infiltrated with CD8+ T cells, and were responsive to anti-PD-L1 therapy. FVBW-17 cells were also engineered to express green fluorescent protein and luciferase to facilitate detection and quantification of tumor growth. Distant metastases to lung, spleen, liver, and kidney were observed from subcutaneously transplanted tumors. This potentially novel cell line is a robust representation of human smoking-related LUAD biology and provides a much needed preclinical model in which to test promising new agents and combinations, including immune-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura P. Stabile
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Eric H. Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Sanja Dacic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Richard A. Steinman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Timothy F. Burns
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Christopher J. Bakkenist
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology; and
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