1
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Ricotta TQN, Dos Santos LM, Oliveira LG, Souza-Testasicca MC, Nascimento FC, Vago JP, Carvalho AFS, Queiroz-Junior CM, Sousa LP, Fernandes AP. Annexin A1 improves immune responses and control of tissue parasitism during Leishmania amazonensis infection in BALB/c mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116254. [PMID: 38340398 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases, a group of diseases caused by the species of the protozoan parasite Leishmania, remains a significant public health concern worldwide. Host immune responses play a crucial role in the outcome of Leishmania infections, and several mediators that regulate inflammatory responses are potential targets for therapeutic approaches. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), an endogenous protein endowed with anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties, has emerged as a potential player. We have shown that during L. braziliensis infection, deficiency of AnxA1 exacerbates inflammatory responses but does not affect parasite burden. Here, we have investigated the role of AnxA1 in L. amazonensis infection, given the non-healing and progressive lesions characteristic of this infectious model. Infection of AnxA1 KO BALB/c mice resulted in increased lesion size and tissue damage associated with higher parasite burdens and enhanced inflammatory response. Notably, therapeutic application of the AnxA1 peptidomimetic Ac2-26 improves control of parasite replication and increases IL-10 production in vivo and in vitro, in both WT and AnxA1 KO mice. Conversely, administration of WRW4, an inhibitor of FPR2/3, resulted in larger lesions and decreased production of IL-10, suggesting that the effects of AnxA1 during L. amazonensis infection are associated with the engagement of these receptors. Our study illuminates the role of AnxA1 in L. amazonensis infection, demonstrating its impact on the susceptibility phenotype of BALB/c mice. Furthermore, our results indicate that targeting the AnxA1 pathway by using the Ac2-26 peptide could represent a promising alternative for new treatments for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Queiroga Nery Ricotta
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liliane Martins Dos Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Gonzaga Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Frederico Crepaldi Nascimento
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Vago
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio Felipe S Carvalho
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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2
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Kumagai Y, Murakami T, Kuwahara-Arai, Iba T, Reich J, Nagaoka I. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 ameliorates a murine sepsis model via the induction of microvesicle release from neutrophils. Innate Immun 2020; 26:565-579. [PMID: 32600088 PMCID: PMC7556193 DOI: 10.1177/1753425920936754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by systemic dys-regulated inflammatory response to infection. We previously revealed that LL-37, a human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, improves the survival of cecal ligation and puncture septic mice. Ectosomes, microvesicles released from neutrophils, are reported to be elevated in sepsis survivors; however, the functions of ectosomes in sepsis remain largely unknown. Therefore, we herein elucidated the protective action of LL-37 on sepsis, by focusing on LL-37-induced ectosome release in a cecal ligation and puncture model. The results demonstrated the enhancement of ectosome levels by LL-37 administration, accompanied by a reduction of bacterial load. Importantly, ectosomes isolated from LL-37-injected cecal ligation and puncture mice contained higher amounts of antimicrobial proteins/peptides and exhibited higher antibacterial activity, compared with those from PBS-injected cecal ligation and puncture mice, suggesting that LL-37 induces the release of ectosomes with antibacterial potential in vivo. Actually, LL-37 stimulated mouse bone-marrow neutrophils to release ectosomes ex vivo, and the LL-37-induced ectosomes possessed antibacterial potential. Furthermore, administration of LL-37-induced ectosomes reduced the bacterial load and improved the survival of cecal ligation and puncture mice. Together these observations suggest LL-37 induces the release of antimicrobial ectosomes in cecal ligation and puncture mice, thereby reducing the bacterial load and protecting mice from lethal septic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kumagai
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Taisuke Murakami
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kuwahara-Arai
- Department of Microbiology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Iba
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Isao Nagaoka
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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3
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Nawaz MI, Rezzola S, Tobia C, Coltrini D, Belleri M, Mitola S, Corsini M, Sandomenico A, Caporale A, Ruvo M, Presta M. D-Peptide analogues of Boc-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe-COOH induce neovascularization via endothelial N-formyl peptide receptor 3. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:357-369. [PMID: 32152757 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein-coupled receptors involved in the recruitment and activation of immune cells in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Three FPRs have been identified in humans (FPR1-FPR3), characterized by different ligand properties, biological function and cellular distribution. Recent findings from our laboratory have shown that the peptide BOC-FLFLF (L-BOC2), related to the FPR antagonist BOC2, acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor by binding to various angiogenic growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 (VEGF). Here we show that the all-D-enantiomer of L-BOC2 (D-BOC2) is devoid of any VEGF antagonist activity. At variance, D-BOC2, as well as the D-FLFLF and succinimidyl (Succ)-D-FLFLF (D-Succ-F3) D-peptide variants, is endowed with a pro-angiogenic potential. In particular, the D-peptide D-Succ-F3 exerts a pro-angiogenic activity in a variety of in vitro assays on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in ex vivo and in vivo assays in chick and zebrafish embryos and adult mice. This activity is related to the capacity of D-Succ-F3 to bind FRP3 expressed by HUVECs. Indeed, the effects exerted by D-Succ-F3 on HUVECs are fully suppressed by the G protein-coupled receptor inhibitor pertussis toxin, the FPR2/FPR3 antagonist WRW4 and by an anti-FPR3 antibody. A similar inhibition was observed following WRW4-induced FPR3 desensitization in HUVECs. Finally, D-Succ-F3 prevented the binding of the anti-FPR3 antibody to the cell surface of HUVECs. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the angiogenic activity of D-Succ-F3 is due to the engagement and activation of FPR3 expressed by endothelial cells, thus shedding a new light on the biological function of this chemoattractant receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd I Nawaz
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Tobia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Coltrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mirella Belleri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Caporale
- Istituto Di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Napoli, Italy
- Istituto Di Cristallografia, CNR, Trieste, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto Di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Napoli, Italy
- AnBition srl, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Presta
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
- Italian Consortium for Biotechnology (CIB), Unit of Brescia, Trieste, Italy.
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4
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Klaver D, Posch B, Geisler A, Hermann M, Reider N, Heufler C. Peptides from allergenic lipocalins bind to formyl peptide receptor 3 in human dendritic cells to mediate T H2 immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:654-665. [PMID: 31330220 PMCID: PMC7115912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How TH2-mediated allergic immune responses are induced is still under investigation. OBJECTIVE In an in vitro system we compared the effect of lipocalin allergens and nonallergenic homologues on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) to investigate how they polarize naive CD4+ TH cells. Microarray data gained with these DCs showed a significant difference in expression of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). Activation of FPR3 in human monocyte-derived DCs leads to inhibition of IL-12 production. Low concentrations of IL-12 during T-cell priming biases immune responses toward TH2. We hypothesize that binding of allergenic lipocalins to FPR3 might be a mechanism for induction of allergic immune responses. METHODS We examined whether lipocalins and FPR3 colocalize within the cells by using confocal microscopy. With calcium mobilization assays of FPR3-transfected HEK 293 cells, we measured FPR3 signaling in response to allergenic and nonallergenic lipocalins. Silencing of FPR3 in DCs and pretreatment with an antagonistic peptide were used to assess the function of FPR3 in TH2 induction. RESULTS FPR3 and lipocalins colocalize in the same vesicles in DCs. Cathepsin S-digested allergenic lipocalins, but not digestion products of nonallergenic homologues, activate FPR3 signaling. FPR3 silencing in DCs or pretreatment with an antagonistic peptide restores IL-12 and induces IL-10 expression by DCs treated with lipocalin allergens, attenuating the TH2 bias and inducing IL-10 production in cocultured TH cells. CONCLUSION We describe a novel molecular mechanism for induction of TH2-mediated allergic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Klaver
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beate Posch
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anita Geisler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norbert Reider
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Heufler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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5
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Pierdomenico AM, Patruno S, Codagnone M, Simiele F, Mari VC, Plebani R, Recchiuti A, Romano M. microRNA-181b is increased in cystic fibrosis cells and impairs lipoxin A 4 receptor-dependent mechanisms of inflammation resolution and antimicrobial defense. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13519. [PMID: 29044225 PMCID: PMC5647414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of microRNA (miR) in cystic fibrosis (CF) pathobiology is rapidly emerging. We previously documented that miR-181b controls the expression of the ALX/FPR2 receptor, which is recognized by the endogenous proresolution ligand, lipoxin (LX)A4. Here, we examined whether the miR-181b-ALX/FPR2 circuit was altered in CF. We examined human airways epithelial cells, normal (16HBE14o-), carrying the ΔF508 mutation (CFBE41o-) or corrected for this mutation (CFBE41o-/CEP-CFTR wt 6.2 kb), as well as monocyte-derived macrophages (MΦs) from CF patients. CFBE41o- cells exhibited higher miR-181b and reduced ALX/FPR2 levels compared to 16HBE14o- and CFBE41o-/CEP-CFTR wt 6.2 kb cells. An anti-mir-181b significantly enhanced ALX/FPR2 expression (+ 60%) as well as LXA4-induced increase in transepithelial electric resistance (+ 25%) in CFBE41o- cells. MΦs from CF patients also displayed increased miR-181b (+ 100%) and lower ALX/FPR2 levels (− 20%) compared to healthy cells. An anti-mir-181b enhanced ALX/FPR2 expression (+ 40%) and normalized receptor-dependent LXA4-induced phagocytosis of fluorescent-labeled zymosan particles as well as of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by CF-MΦs. These results provide the first evidence that miR-181b is overexpressed in CF cells, impairing some mechanisms of the ALX/FPR2-dependent pathway of inflammation resolution. Thus, targeting miR-181b may represent a strategy to enhance anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial defense mechanisms in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Patruno
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marilina Codagnone
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Felice Simiele
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Veronica Cecilia Mari
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Technological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy. .,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.
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6
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Piovezan AP, Batisti AP, Benevides MLACS, Turnes BL, Martins DF, Kanis L, Duarte ECW, Cavalheiro AJ, Bueno PCP, Seed MP, Norling LV, Cooper D, Headland S, Souza PRPS, Perretti M. Hydroalcoholic crude extract of Casearia sylvestris Sw. reduces chronic post-ischemic pain by activation of pro-resolving pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 204:179-188. [PMID: 28412216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Casearia sylvestris Sw. is widely used in popular medicine to treat conditions associated with pain. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study investigated the influence of hydroalcoholic crude extract of Casearia sylvestris (HCE-CS) and contribution of pro-resolving mediators on mechanical hyperalgesia in a mouse model of chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP). METHODS AND RESULTS Male Swiss mice were subjected to ischemia of the right hind paw (3h), then reperfusion was allowed. At 10min, 24h or 48h post-ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), different groups of animals were treated with HCE-CS (30mg/Kg, orally [p.o]), selected agonists at the pro-resolving receptor ALX/FPR2 (natural molecules like resolvin D1 and lipoxin A4 or the synthetic compound BML-111; 0.1-1µg/animal) or vehicle (saline, 10mL/Kg, s.c.), in the absence or presence of the antagonist WRW4 (10µg, s.c.). Mechanical hyperalgesia (paw withdrawal to von Frey filament) was asseseed together with histological and immunostainning analyses. In these settings, pro-resolving mediators reduced mechanical hyperalgesia and HCE-CS or BML-111 displayed anti-hyperalgesic effects which was markedly attenuated in animals treated with WRW4. ALX/FPR2 expression was raised in skeletal muscle or neutrophils after treatment with HCE-CS or BML-111. CONCLUSION These results reveal significant antihyperalgesic effect of HCE-CS on CPIP, mediated at least in part, by the pathway of resolution of inflammation centred on the axis modulated by ALX/FPR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Piovezan
- Post-Graduate Programm in Health Science - Southern Univeristy of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LANEX)- UNISUL, Brazil; William Harvey Research Institute - Queen Mary University of London/London, UK.
| | - Ana P Batisti
- Post-Graduate Programm in Health Science - Southern Univeristy of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LANEX)- UNISUL, Brazil.
| | - Maria L A C S Benevides
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LANEX)- UNISUL, Brazil; Undergraduation in Medicine - UNISUL, Brazil.
| | - Bruna L Turnes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation - UFSC, Brazil.
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Post-Graduate Programm in Health Science - Southern Univeristy of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LANEX)- UNISUL, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Kanis
- Post-Graduate Programm in Health Science - Southern Univeristy of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil.
| | | | | | - Paula C P Bueno
- Department of Organic Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry - UNESP, Brazil.
| | - Michael P Seed
- Clinical Research Group, School of Health Sport & Bioscience, University of East London, UK.
| | - Lucy V Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute - Queen Mary University of London/London, UK.
| | - Dianne Cooper
- William Harvey Research Institute - Queen Mary University of London/London, UK.
| | - Sarah Headland
- William Harvey Research Institute - Queen Mary University of London/London, UK.
| | | | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute - Queen Mary University of London/London, UK.
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7
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He HQ, Ye RD. The Formyl Peptide Receptors: Diversity of Ligands and Mechanism for Recognition. Molecules 2017; 22:E455. [PMID: 28335409 PMCID: PMC6155412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that transduce chemotactic signals in phagocytes and mediate host-defense as well as inflammatory responses including cell adhesion, directed migration, granule release and superoxide production. In recent years, the cellular distribution and biological functions of FPRs have expanded to include additional roles in homeostasis of organ functions and modulation of inflammation. In a prototype, FPRs recognize peptides containing N-formylated methionine such as those produced in bacteria and mitochondria, thereby serving as pattern recognition receptors. The repertoire of FPR ligands, however, has expanded rapidly to include not only N-formyl peptides from microbes but also non-formyl peptides of microbial and host origins, synthetic small molecules and an eicosanoid. How these chemically diverse ligands are recognized by the three human FPRs (FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3) and their murine equivalents is largely unclear. In the absence of crystal structures for the FPRs, site-directed mutagenesis, computer-aided ligand docking and structural simulation have led to the identification of amino acids within FPR1 and FPR2 that interact with several formyl peptides. This review article summarizes the progress made in the understanding of FPR ligand diversity as well as ligand recognition mechanisms used by these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qiong He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Richard D Ye
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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8
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Codagnone M, Recchiuti A, Lanuti P, Pierdomenico AM, Cianci E, Patruno S, Mari VC, Simiele F, Di Tomo P, Pandolfi A, Romano M. Lipoxin A 4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles. FASEB J 2017; 31:1856-1866. [PMID: 28100645 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600952r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The proresolution lipid mediator lipoxin (LX)A4 bestows protective bioactions on endothelial cells. We examined the impact of LXA4 on transcellular endothelial signaling via microRNA (miR)-containing microvesicles. We report LXA4 inhibition of MV release by TNF-α-treated HUVECs, associated with the down-regulation of 18 miR in endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) and the up-regulation of miR-126-5p, both in HUVECs and in EMVs. LXA4 up-regulated miR-126-5p by ∼5-fold in HUVECs and promoted a release of microvesicles (LXA4-EMVs) that enhanced miR-126-5p by ∼7-fold in recipient HUVECs. In these cells, LXA4-EMVs abrogated the up-regulation of VCAM-1, induced in recipient HUVECs by EMVs released by untreated or TNF-α-treated HUVECs. LXA4-EMVs also reduced by ∼40% the expression of SPRED1, which we validated as an miR-126-5p target, whereas they stimulated monolayer repair in an in vitro wound assay. This effect was lost when the EMVs were depleted of miR-126-5p. These results provide evidence that changes in miR expression and microvesicle packaging and transfer represent a mechanism of action of LXA4, which may be relevant in vascular biology and inflammation.-Codagnone, M., Recchiuti, A., Lanuti, P., Pierdomenico, A. M., Cianci, E., Patruno, S., Mari, V. C., Simiele, F., Di Tomo, P., Pandolfi, A., Romano, M. Lipoxin A4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Codagnone
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Pierdomenico
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianci
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Sara Patruno
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Veronica Cecilia Mari
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Felice Simiele
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; .,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
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9
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Zhao H, Sonada S, Yoshikawa A, Ohinata K, Yoshikawa M. Rubimetide, humanin, and MMK1 exert anxiolytic-like activities via the formyl peptide receptor 2 in mice followed by the successive activation of DP1, A2A, and GABAA receptors. Peptides 2016; 83:16-20. [PMID: 27475912 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Rubimetide (Met-Arg-Trp), which had been isolated as an antihypertensive peptide from an enzymatic digest of spinach ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), showed anxiolytic-like activity prostaglandin (PG) D2-dependent manner in the elevated plus-maze test after administration at a dose of 0.1mg/kg (ip.) or 1mg/kg (p.o.) in male mice of ddY strain. In this study, we found that rubimetide has weak affinities for the FPR1 and FPR2, subtypes of formyl peptide receptor (FPR). The anxiolytic-like activity of rubimetide (0.1mg/kg, ip.) was blocked by WRW4, an antagonist of FPR2, but not by Boc-FLFLF, an antagonist of FPR1, suggesting that the anxiolytic-like activity was mediated by the FPR2. Humanin, an endogenous agonist peptide of the FPR2, exerted an anxiolytic-like activity after intracerebroventricular (icv) administration, which was also blocked by WRW4. MMK1, a synthetic agonist peptide of the FPR2, also exerted anxiolytic-like activity. Thus, FPR2 proved to mediate anxiolytic-like effect as the first example of central effect exerted by FPR agonists. As well as the anxiolytic-like activity of rubimetide, that of MMK1 was blocked by BW A868C, an antagonist of the DP1-receptor. Furthermore, anxiolytic-like activity of rubimetide was blocked by SCH58251 and bicuculline, antagonists for adenosine A2A and GABAA receptors, respectively. From these results, it is concluded that the anxiolytic-like activities of rubimetide and typical agonist peptides of the FPR2 were mediated successively by the PGD2-DP1 receptor, adenosine-A2A receptor, and GABA-GABAA receptor systems downstream of the FPR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Functional Food Science, Research Institute for Production Development, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
| | - Soushi Sonada
- Department of Functional Food Science, Research Institute for Production Development, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Functional Food Science, Research Institute for Production Development, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan; Functional Research Laboratory, 8-1 Kitagaito, Ichinobe, Joyo, Kyoto 610-0114, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Functional Food Science, Research Institute for Production Development, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan; Functional Research Laboratory, 8-1 Kitagaito, Ichinobe, Joyo, Kyoto 610-0114, Japan.
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10
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Passey SL, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, Anderson GP, Hansen MJ. Serum Amyloid A Induces Toll-Like Receptor 2-Dependent Inflammatory Cytokine Expression and Atrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Myotubes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146882. [PMID: 26784349 PMCID: PMC4718684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle wasting is an important comorbidity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality. Patients who experience frequent acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) have more severe muscle wasting and reduced recovery of muscle mass and function after each exacerbation. Serum levels of the pro-inflammatory acute phase protein Serum Amyloid A (SAA) can rise more than 1000-fold in AECOPD and are predictively correlated with exacerbation severity. The direct effects of SAA on skeletal muscle are poorly understood. Here we have examined SAA effects on pro-inflammatory cachectic cytokine expression (IL-6 and TNFα) and atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. RESULTS SAA increased IL-6 (31-fold) and TNFα (6.5-fold) mRNA levels compared to control untreated cells after 3h of SAA treatment, and increased secreted IL-6 protein at 24h. OxPAPC, a dual TLR2 and TLR4 inhibitor, reduced the response to SAA by approximately 84% compared to SAA alone, and the TLR2 neutralising antibody T2.5 abolished SAA-induced expression of IL-6, indicating that SAA signalling in C2C12 myotubes is primarily via TLR2. SAA also reduced myotube width by 10-13% and induced a 2.5-fold increase in the expression of the muscle atrophy gene Atrogin-1, suggesting direct effects of SAA on muscle wasting. Blocking of TLR2 inhibited the SAA-induced decrease in myotube width and Atrogin-1 gene expression, indicating that SAA induces atrophy through TLR2. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that SAA stimulates a robust pro-inflammatory response in skeletal muscle myotubes via the TLR2-dependent release of IL-6 and TNFα. Furthermore, the observed atrophy effects indicate that SAA could also be directly contributing to the wasting and poor recovery of muscle mass. Therapeutic strategies targeting this SAA-TLR2 axis may therefore ameliorate muscle wasting in AECOPD and a range of other inflammatory conditions associated with loss of muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Passey
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary P. Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle J. Hansen
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Cianci E, Recchiuti A, Trubiani O, Diomede F, Marchisio M, Miscia S, Colas RA, Dalli J, Serhan CN, Romano M. Human Periodontal Stem Cells Release Specialized Proresolving Mediators and Carry Immunomodulatory and Prohealing Properties Regulated by Lipoxins. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 5:20-32. [PMID: 26607175 PMCID: PMC4704879 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The actions of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) apoptosis and antimicrobial functions, and the impact of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on hPDLSCs were investigated. hPDLSCs significantly reduced apoptosis and stimulated microbicidal activity of human PMNs, via both cell-cell interactions and paracrine mechanisms. hPDLSCs also were found to biosynthesize proresolving lipid mediators and prostaglandins. This study also demonstrated that the LXA4-ALX/FPR2 axis regulates regenerative functions of hPDLSCs by a novel receptor-mediated mechanism. Unresolved inflammation and tissue destruction are underlying mechanisms of periodontitis, which is linked to dysregulated polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) functions. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a specialized proresolving lipid mediator (SPM) that dampens excessive inflammation, promotes resolution, and protects from leukocyte-mediated tissue damage. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) represent key players during tissue regeneration and may contribute to resolution of inflammation; thus, they may represent a promising tool in regenerative dentistry. In the present study, we investigated the actions of hPDLSCs on PMN apoptosis and antimicrobial functions, and determined the impact of LXA4 on hPDLSCs. hPDLSCs significantly reduced apoptosis and stimulated microbicidal activity of human PMNs, via both cell-cell interactions and paracrine mechanisms. Lipid mediator metabololipidomics analysis demonstrated that hPDLSCs biosynthesize SPMs, including resolvin D1, D2, D5, and D6; protectin D1; maresins; and LXB4; as well as prostaglandins D2, E2, and F2α. LXA4 significantly enhanced proliferation, migration, and wound healing capacity of hPDLSCs through the activation of its cognate receptor ALX/FPR2, expressed on hPDLSCs. Together, these results demonstrate that hPDLSCs modulate PMN functions, and provide the first evidence that stem cells generate SPM and that the LXA4-ALX/FPR2 axis regulates regenerative functions of hPDLSCs by a novel receptor-mediated mechanism. Significance These findings uncovered unappreciated features of stem cells from the periodontal ligament, supporting the notion that these cells may act as master regulators of pathophysiological events through the release of mediators that promote the resolution of inflammation and bacterial killing. The study also demonstrated that it is possible to modulate important functions of periodontal stem cells using lipoxin A4, a potent endogenous stop signal of inflammation. Thus, this study revealed an unappreciated anti-inflammatory proregenerative circuit that may be exploited to combat periodontal pathologies using resident stem cells. Moreover, the data may represent a more general template to explain the immunomodulatory functions of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cianci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mario Romano
- StemTeCh Group, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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12
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Seidel S, Neymeyer H, Kahl T, Röschel T, Mutig K, Flower R, Schnermann J, Bachmann S, Paliege A. Annexin A1 modulates macula densa function by inhibiting cyclooxygenase 2. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 303:F845-54. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00704.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) exerts anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Once secreted, ANXA1 can bind to G protein-coupled formyl peptide receptors (Fpr) and activate diverse cellular signaling pathways. ANXA1 is known to be expressed in cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, but its relation to the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in thick ascending limb and macula densa cells has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that ANXA1 regulates the biosynthesis of COX-2. ANXA1 abundance in rat kidney macula densa was extensively colocalized with COX-2 (95%). Furosemide, an established stimulus for COX-2 induction, caused enhanced expression of both ANXA1 and COX-2 with maintained colocalization (99%). In ANXA1-deficient mice, COX-2-positive cells were more numerous than in control mice (+107%; normalized to glomerular number; P < 0.05) and renin expression was increased (+566%; normalized to glomerular number; P < 0.05). Cultured macula densa cells transfected with full-length rat ANXA1 revealed downregulation of COX-2 mRNA (−59%; P < 0.05). Similarly, treatment with dexamethasone suppressed COX-2 mRNA in the cells (−49%; P < 0.05), while inducing ANXA1 mRNA (+56%; P < 0.05) and ANXA1 protein secretion. Inhibition of the ANXA-1 receptor Fpr1 with cyclosporin H blunted the effect of dexamethasone on COX-2 expression. These data show that ANXA1 exerts an inhibitory effect on COX-2 expression in the macula densa. ANXA1 may be a novel intrinsic modulator of renal juxtaglomerular regulation by inhibition of PGE2 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Seidel
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - H. Neymeyer
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - T. Kahl
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - T. Röschel
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - K. Mutig
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - R. Flower
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - J. Schnermann
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - S. Bachmann
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - A. Paliege
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
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13
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Witting PK, Song C, Hsu K, Hua S, Parry SN, Aran R, Geczy C, Freedman SB. The acute-phase protein serum amyloid A induces endothelial dysfunction that is inhibited by high-density lipoprotein. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1390-8. [PMID: 21784147 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) is elevated during inflammation and may be deposited in atheroma where it promotes atherosclerosis. We investigated the proatherogenic effects of SAA on the vascular endothelium and their regulation by high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Exposure of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) to SAA (0.25-25μg/ml) decreased nitric oxide ((•)NO) synthesis/bioavailability, although the endothelial NO synthase monomer-to-dimer ratio was unaffected. SAA (10μg/ml) stimulated a Ca(2+) influx linked to apocynin-sensitive superoxide radical anion (O(2)(•-)) production. Gene expression for arginase-1, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), interleukin-8, and tissue factor (TF) increased within 4h of SAA stimulation. Enzymatically active Arg-1/2 was detected in HAEC cultured with SAA for 24h. Therefore, in addition to modulating (•)NO bioavailability by stimulating O(2)(•-) production in the endothelium, SAA modulated vascular l-Arg bioavailability. SAA also diminished relaxation of preconstricted aortic rings induced by acetylcholine, and added superoxide dismutase restored the vascular response. Preincubation of HAEC with HDL (100 or 200, but not 50, μg/ml) before (not after) SAA treatment ameliorated the Ca(2+) influx and O(2)(•-) production; decreased TF, NF-κB, and Arg-1 gene expression; and preserved overall vascular function. Thus, SAA may promote endothelial dysfunction by modulating (•)NO and l-Arg bioavailability, and HDL pretreatment may be protective. The relative HDL to SAA concentrations may regulate the proatherogenic properties of SAA on the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Witting
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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14
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Rautenberg M, Joo HS, Otto M, Peschel A. Neutrophil responses to staphylococcal pathogens and commensals via the formyl peptide receptor 2 relates to phenol-soluble modulin release and virulence. FASEB J 2010; 25:1254-63. [PMID: 21183593 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-175208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms used by the immune system to discriminate between pathogenic and commensal bacteria have remained largely unclear. Recently, we have shown that virulence of Staphylococcus aureus depends on secretion of phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) peptides that disrupt neutrophils at micromolar concentrations. Moreover, all S. aureus PSMs stimulate and attract neutrophils at nanomolar concentrations via interaction with the formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). Here, we demonstrate that FPR2 allows neutrophils to adjust their responses in relation to the aggressiveness of staphylococcal species, which differ largely in their capacity to infect or colonize humans and animals. PSM-related peptides were detected in all human and animal pathogenic staphylococci, but were absent from most commensal species. Three PSMβ-like peptides produced by the serious human pathogen Staphylococcus lugdunensis were identified as the previously described S. lugdunensis-synergistic hemolysins (SLUSHs). SLUSHs attracted and stimulated human leukocytes in a FPR2-dependent manner, indicating that FPR2 is a general receptor for all PSM-like peptide toxins. Remarkably, the release of PSMs correlated closely with the apparent capacity of staphylococcal species to cause invasive infections and with their ability to activate FPR2. These findings suggest that the innate immune system may be able to respond in different ways to pathogenic or innocuous staphylococci by monitoring the presence of PSMs via FPR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Rautenberg
- Cellular and Molecular Microbiology Division, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Are formyl peptide receptors novel targets for therapeutic intervention in ischaemia-reperfusion injury? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2010; 31:266-76. [PMID: 20483490 PMCID: PMC7112865 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common feature of several diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The damaged tissue displays cardinal signs of inflammation and microvascular injury that, unless resolved, lead to long-term tissue damage with associated dysfunction. Current therapies are limited and are often associated with many side effects. Increasing evidence suggests that members of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family, in particular human FPR2/ALX, might have an important role in the pathophysiology of I/R injury. It was recently demonstrated that several peptides and non-peptidyl small-molecule compounds have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties via their action on members of the FPR family. Here I review this evidence and suggest that FPR ligands, particularly in the brain, could be novel and exciting anti-inflammatory therapeutics for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions, including stroke.
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16
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Prat C, Haas PJ, Bestebroer J, de Haas CJC, van Strijp JAG, van Kessel KPM. A homolog of formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) inhibitor from Staphylococcus aureus (FPRL1 inhibitory protein) that inhibits FPRL1 and FPR. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:6569-78. [PMID: 19846866 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0801523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The members of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family are involved in the sensing of chemoattractant substances, including bacteria-derived N-formylated peptides and host-derived peptides and proteins. We have recently described two chemoattractant receptor inhibitors from Staphylococcus aureus. Chemotaxis inhibitory protein of S. aureus (CHIPS) blocks the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) and the receptor for complement C5a (C5aR), while FPR-like 1 (FPRL1) inhibitory protein (FLIPr) blocks the FPRL1. Here, we describe another staphylococcal chemoattractant-inhibiting protein with 73% overall homology to FLIPr and identical first 25 aa, which we termed FLIPr-like. This protein inhibits neutrophil calcium mobilization and chemotaxis induced by the FPRL1-ligand MMK-1 and FPR-ligand fMLP. While its FPRL1-inhibitory activity lies in the comparable nanomolar range of FLIPr, its antagonism of the FPR is approximately 100-fold more potent than that of FLIPr and comparable to that of CHIPS. The second N-terminal phenylalanine was required for its inhibition of the FPR, but it was dispensable for the FPRL1. Furthermore, the deletion of the first seven amino acids reduced its antagonism of the FPRL1, and the exchange of the first six amino acids with that of CHIPS-conferred receptor specificity. Finally, studies with cells transfected with several chemoattractant receptors confirmed that FLIPr-like specifically binds to the FPR and FPRL1. In conclusion, the newly described excreted protein from S. aureus, FLIPr-like, is a potent inhibitor of the FPR- and FPRL1-mediated neutrophil responses and may be used to selectively modulate these chemoattractant receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Prat
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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17
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El Zein N, Badran B, Sariban E. The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide modulates Ca2+ and pro-inflammatory functions in human monocytes through the G protein-coupled receptors VPAC-1 and formyl peptide receptor-like 1. Cell Calcium 2008; 43:270-84. [PMID: 17651798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 05/18/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In human neutrophils, the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) acting via the G protein-coupled receptors vasoactive intestinal peptide/PACAP receptor 1 (VPAC-1) and formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) modulates Ca2+ and pro-inflammatory activities. We evaluated in human monocytes the importance of the Ca2+ signal and the participation of FPRL1 in PACAP-associated signaling pathways and pro-inflammatory activities. PACAP-evoked Ca2+ transient involved both Ca2+ influx and intracytoplasmic Ca2+ mobilisation. This was pertussis toxin, protein kinase A and adenylate cyclase dependent indicating the participation of Galphai and Galphas with mobilisation of both InsP3 sensitive and insensitive stores. Intra- or extracellular Ca2+ depletion resulted in the inhibition of PACAP-induced, Akt, ERK, p38 and NF-kappaB activations as well as a decrease in PACAP-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and integrin CD11b membrane upregulation. The FPRL1 antagonist, Trp-Arg-Trp-Trp-Trp (WRW4), decreased PACAP-evoked Ca2+ signal, Akt, ERK phosphorylation, ROS and CD11b upregulation without affecting p38 phosphorylation. NF-kappaB inhibitors prevented PACAP-induced Ca2+ mobilisation. Monocytes pre-treatment with fMLP but not with LPS desensitised cells to the pro-inflammatory effects of PACAP. Thus, both intra- and extracellular Ca2+ play a role in controlling pro-inflammatory functions stimulated by PACAP which acts through a VPAC-1, FPRL1/Galphai/PI3K/ERK pathway and a VPAC-1/Galphas/PKA/p38 pathway to fully activate monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil El Zein
- Hemato-Oncology Unit and Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Tsuruki T, Takahata K, Yoshikawa M. Mechanism of the protective effect of intraperitoneally administered agonists for formyl peptide receptors against chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007; 71:1198-202. [PMID: 17485829 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that an intraperitoneally administered chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), and MMK-1, a selective agonist of formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) receptor, the low affinity subtype of the fMLP receptor, prevented the alopecia in neonatal rats induced by the anticancer agent etoposide. The anti-alopecia effect of fMLP was not inhibited at all by Boc-FLFLF, a selective antagonist of formylpeptide receptor (FPR), which is the high affinity subtype of the fMLP receptor, but it was partly inhibited by Trp-Arg-Trp-Trp-Trp-Trp-NH(2) (WRW(4)), an antagonist of FPRL1 receptor. On the other hand, the anti-alopecia effect of MMK-1 was completely abolished by WRW(4). The anti-alopecia effects of fMLP and MMK-1 were also inhibited by Lys-D-Pro-Thr (K(D)PT) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, which are inhibitors of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) respectively. Hence, we suggest that the anti-alopecia mechanisms of intraperitoneally administered fMLP and MMK-1 include activation of NF-kappaB via IL-1 release downstream of the FPRL1 receptor homolog in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tsuruki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Mills JS. Peptides derived from HIV-1, HIV-2, Ebola virus, SARS coronavirus and coronavirus 229E exhibit high affinity binding to the formyl peptide receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2006; 1762:693-703. [PMID: 16842982 PMCID: PMC2075610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2006] [Revised: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peptides derived from the membrane proximal region of fusion proteins of human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2, Coronavirus 229 E, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Ebola virus were all potent antagonists of the formyl peptide receptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Binding of viral peptides was affected by the naturally occurring polymorphisms at residues 190 and 192, which are located at second extracellular loop-transmembrane helix 5 interface. Substitution of R190 with W190 enhanced the affinity for a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus peptide 6 fold but reduced the affinity for N-formyl-Nle-Leu-Phe by 2.5 fold. A 12 mer peptide derived from coronavirus 229E (ETYIKPWWVWL) was the most potent antagonist of the formyl peptide receptor W190 with a K(i) of 230 nM. Fluorescently labeled ETYIKPWWVWL was effectively internalized by all three variants with EC(50) of approximately 25 nM. An HKU-1 coronavirus peptide, MYVKWPWYVWL, was a potent antagonist but N-formyl-MYVKWPWYVWL was a potent agonist. ETYIKPWWVWL did not stimulate GTPgammaS binding but inhibited the stimulation by formyl-NleLeuPhe. It also blocked beta arrestin translocation and receptor downregulation induced by formyl-Nle-Leu-Phe. This indicates that formyl peptide receptor may be important in viral infections and that variations in its sequence among individuals may affect their likelihood of viral and bacterial infections.
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Key Words
- fpr, formyl peptide receptor
- cho s, chinese hamster ovary cells designed for suspension culture
- hrsv, human respiratory syncytial virus
- fiv, feline immunodeficiency virus
- fmlf, n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
- aids, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- siv, simian immunodeficiency virus
- hiv, human immunodeficiency virus
- sars, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- gp-41, 41 kilodalton glycoprotein
- hr, heptade repeat
- fitc, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- formyl-nle–leu–phe–nle–tyr–lys–fitc, formyl-nle–leu–phe–nle–tyr–lys labeled at the lys residue with fluorescein isothiocyanate
- formyl-nle–leu–phe–nle–tyr–lys–alexa fluor, formyl-nle–leu–phe–nle–tyr–lys labeled at the lys residue with alexa fluor n-hydroxy-succinimide
- etyik-(alexa fluor)wpwwvwl, etyikwpwwvwl labeled with alexa fluor 488 n-hydroxy-succinimide
- gtpγs, guanosine 5′-3-o-(thio)triphosphate
- tmh, transmembrane helix
- fprl1, formyl peptide like receptor 1
- fprl2, formyl peptide receptor like 2
- virus
- signal transduction
- g protein coupled receptor
- polymorphism
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Mills
- 109 Lewis Hall, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3520, USA.
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