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Kulus M, Jankowski M, Kranc W, Golkar Narenji A, Farzaneh M, Dzięgiel P, Zabel M, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B. Bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers and in vitro meat production-current obstacles and potential solutions. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1225233. [PMID: 37743926 PMCID: PMC10513094 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1225233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro meat production presents a potential viable alternative for meat consumption, which could provide the consumer with a product indistinguishable from the original, with very similar nutritional and culinary values. Indeed, the alternative products currently accessible often lack comparable nutritional value or culinary attributes to their animal-derived counterparts. This creates challenges for their global acceptance, particularly in countries where meat consumption holds cultural significance. However, while cultured meat research has been progressing rapidly in recent years, some significant obstacles still need to be overcome before its possible commercialization. Hence, this review summarizes the most current knowledge regarding the history of cultured meat, the currently used cell sources and methods used for the purpose of in vitro meat production, with particular focus on the role of bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers in overcoming the current obstacles. The authors put the potential microcarrier and scaffold-based solutions in a context, discussing the ways in which they can impact the way forward for the technology, including the use of considering the potential practical and societal barriers to implementing it as a viable food source worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Afsaneh Golkar Narenji
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Morwood AJ, El-Karim IA, Clarke SA, Lundy FT. The Role of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Adhesion Motifs in Functionalised Hydrogels. Molecules 2023; 28:4616. [PMID: 37375171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To create functional tissue engineering scaffolds, biomaterials should mimic the native extracellular matrix of the tissue to be regenerated. Simultaneously, the survival and functionality of stem cells should also be enhanced to promote tissue organisation and repair. Hydrogels, but in particular, peptide hydrogels, are an emerging class of biocompatible scaffolds which act as promising self-assembling biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative therapies, ranging from articular cartilage regeneration at joint defects, to regenerative spinal cord injury following trauma. To enhance hydrogel biocompatibility, it has become imperative to consider the native microenvironment of the site for regeneration, where the use of functionalised hydrogels with extracellular matrix adhesion motifs has become a novel, emerging theme. In this review, we will introduce hydrogels in the context of tissue engineering, provide insight into the complexity of the extracellular matrix, investigate specific adhesion motifs that have been used to generate functionalised hydrogels and outline their potential applications in a regenerative medicine setting. It is anticipated that by conducting this review, we will provide greater insight into functionalised hydrogels, which may help translate their use towards therapeutic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Morwood
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ikhlas A El-Karim
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Susan A Clarke
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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Cellular Aquaculture: Prospects and Challenges. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060828. [PMID: 35744442 PMCID: PMC9228929 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture plays an important role as one of the fastest-growing food-producing sectors in global food and nutritional security. Demand for animal protein in the form of fish has been increasing tremendously. Aquaculture faces many challenges to produce quality fish for the burgeoning world population. Cellular aquaculture can provide an alternative, climate-resilient food production system to produce quality fish. Potential applications of fish muscle cell lines in cellular aquaculture have raised the importance of developing and characterizing these cell lines. In vitro models, such as the mouse C2C12 cell line, have been extremely useful for expanding knowledge about molecular mechanisms of muscle growth and differentiation in mammals. Such studies are in an infancy stage in teleost due to the unavailability of equivalent permanent muscle cell lines, except a few fish muscle cell lines that have not yet been used for cellular aquaculture. The Prospect of cell-based aquaculture relies on the development of appropriate muscle cells, optimization of cell conditions, and mass production of cells in bioreactors. Hence, it is required to develop and characterize fish muscle cell lines along with their cryopreservation in cell line repositories and production of ideal mass cells in suitably designed bioreactors to overcome current cellular aquaculture challenges.
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Pajčin I, Knežić T, Savic Azoulay I, Vlajkov V, Djisalov M, Janjušević L, Grahovac J, Gadjanski I. Bioengineering Outlook on Cultivated Meat Production. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:402. [PMID: 35334693 PMCID: PMC8950996 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cultured meat (also referred to as cultivated meat or cell-based meat)-CM-is fabricated through the process of cellular agriculture (CA), which entails application of bioengineering, i.e., tissue engineering (TE) principles to the production of food. The main TE principles include usage of cells, grown in a controlled environment provided by bioreactors and cultivation media supplemented with growth factors and other needed nutrients and signaling molecules, and seeded onto the immobilization elements-microcarriers and scaffolds that provide the adhesion surfaces necessary for anchor-dependent cells and offer 3D organization for multiple cell types. Theoretically, many solutions from regenerative medicine and biomedical engineering can be applied in CM-TE, i.e., CA. However, in practice, there are a number of specificities regarding fabrication of a CM product that needs to fulfill not only the majority of functional criteria of muscle and fat TE, but also has to possess the sensory and nutritional qualities of a traditional food component, i.e., the meat it aims to replace. This is the reason that bioengineering aimed at CM production needs to be regarded as a specific scientific discipline of a multidisciplinary nature, integrating principles from biomedical engineering as well as from food manufacturing, design and development, i.e., food engineering. An important requirement is also the need to use as little as possible of animal-derived components in the whole CM bioprocess. In this review, we aim to present the current knowledge on different bioengineering aspects, pertinent to different current scientific disciplines but all relevant for CM engineering, relevant for muscle TE, including different cell sources, bioreactor types, media requirements, bioprocess monitoring and kinetics and their modifications for use in CA, all in view of their potential for efficient CM bioprocess scale-up. We believe such a review will offer a good overview of different bioengineering strategies for CM production and will be useful to a range of interested stakeholders, from students just entering the CA field to experienced researchers looking for the latest innovations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pajčin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.P.); (V.V.); (J.G.)
| | - Teodora Knežić
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (M.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Ivana Savic Azoulay
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Vanja Vlajkov
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.P.); (V.V.); (J.G.)
| | - Mila Djisalov
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (M.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Ljiljana Janjušević
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (M.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Jovana Grahovac
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.P.); (V.V.); (J.G.)
| | - Ivana Gadjanski
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (M.D.); (L.J.)
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Balasubramanian B, Liu W, Pushparaj K, Park S. The Epic of In Vitro Meat Production-A Fiction into Reality. Foods 2021; 10:1395. [PMID: 34208720 PMCID: PMC8233867 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to a proportionally increasing population and food demands, the food industry has come up with wide innovations, opportunities, and possibilities to manufacture meat under in vitro conditions. The amalgamation of cell culture and tissue engineering has been the base idea for the development of the synthetic meat, and this has been proposed to be a pivotal study for a futuristic muscle development program in the medical field. With improved microbial and chemical advancements, in vitro meat matched the conventional meat and is proposed to be eco-friendly, healthy, nutrient rich, and ethical. Despite the success, there are several challenges associated with the utilization of materials in synthetic meat manufacture, which demands regulatory and safety assessment systems to manage the risks associated with the production of cultured meat. The role of 3D bioprinting meat analogues enables a better nutritional profile and sensorial values. The integration of nanosensors in the bioprocess of culture meat eased the quality assessment throughout the food supply chain and management. Multidisciplinary approaches such as mathematical modelling, computer fluid dynamics, and biophotonics coupled with tissue engineering will be promising aspects to envisage the future prospective of this technology and make it available to the public at economically feasible rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
| | - Karthika Pushparaj
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
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Jairath G, Mal G, Gopinath D, Singh B. A holistic approach to access the viability of cultured meat: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Eibl R, Senn Y, Gubser G, Jossen V, van den Bos C, Eibl D. Cellular Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2021; 12:51-73. [PMID: 33770467 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-063020-123940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is the controlled and sustainable manufacture of agricultural products with cells and tissues without plant or animal involvement. Today, microorganisms cultivated in bioreactors already produce egg and milk proteins, sweeteners, and flavors for human nutrition as well as leather and fibers for shoes, bags, and textiles. Furthermore, plant cell and tissue cultures provide ingredients that stimulate the immune system and improve skin texture, with another precommercial cellular agriculture product, in vitro meat, currently receiving a great deal of attention. All these approaches could assist traditional agriculture in continuing to provide for the dietary requirements of a growing world population while freeing up important resources such as arable land. Despite early successes, challenges remain and are discussed in this review, with a focus on production processes involving plant and animal cell and tissue cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Eibl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland;
| | - Yannick Senn
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland;
| | - Géraldine Gubser
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland;
| | - Valentin Jossen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland;
| | | | - Dieter Eibl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland;
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Wang YH, Wang DR, Guo YC, Liu JY, Pan J. The application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and biomaterials in skeletal muscle regeneration. Regen Ther 2020; 15:285-294. [PMID: 33426231 PMCID: PMC7770413 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injuries have bothered doctors and caused great burdens to the public medical insurance system for a long time. Once injured, skeletal muscles usually go through the processes of inflammation, repairing and remodeling. If repairing and remodeling stages are out of balance, scars will be formed to replace injured skeletal muscles. At present, clinicians usually use conventional methods to restore the injured skeletal muscles, such as flap transplantation. However, flap transplantation sometimes needs to sacrifice healthy autologous tissues and will bring extra harm to patients. In recent years, stem cells-based tissue engineering provides us new treatment ideas for skeletal muscle injuries. Stem cells are cells with multiple differentiation potential and have ability to differentiate into adult cells under special condition. Skeletal muscle tissues also have stem cells, called satellite cells, but they are in small amount and new muscle fibers that derived from them may not be enough to replace injured fibers. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could promote musculoskeletal tissue regeneration and activate the myogenic differentiation of satellite cells. Biomaterial is another important factor to promote tissue regeneration and greatly enhance physiological activities of stem cells in vivo. The combined use of stem cells and biomaterials will gradually become a mainstream to restore injured skeletal muscles in the future. This review article mainly focuses on the review of research about the application of BM-MSCs and several major biomaterials in skeletal muscle regeneration over the past decades.
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Key Words
- 3D-ECM, three dimensional extracellular matrix
- ASCs, adipose stem cells
- BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor
- BM-MSCs
- BM-MSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- Biomaterial
- CREB, cAMP- response element binding protein
- DPSCs, dental pulp stem cells
- Differentiation
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ECs, endothelial cells
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FGF-2, fibroblast growth factor-2
- GCSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
- GDNF, glial derived neurotrophic factor
- GPT, gelatin-poly(ethylene glycol)- tyramine
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1
- IL, interleukin
- LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor
- MRF, myogenic muscle factor
- NSAIDs, non-steroidal drugs
- PDGF-BB, platelet derived growth factor-BB
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PRP, platelet rich plasma
- S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate
- SDF-1, stromal cell derived factor-1
- Skeletal muscle injury
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- Tissue regeneration
- TrkB, tyrosine kinaseB
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VML, volumetric muscle loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China
| | - Dian-Ri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China
| | - Yu-Chen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ji-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China
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Zidarič T, Milojević M, Vajda J, Vihar B, Maver U. Cultured Meat: Meat Industry Hand in Hand with Biomedical Production Methods. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-020-09253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Namgoong S, Lee H, Lee JS, Jeong SH, Han SK, Dhong ES. Comparative Biological Effects of Human Amnion and Chorion Membrane Extracts on Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:947-954. [PMID: 30817541 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although therapies with human amnion/chorion are used to ameliorate acute and chronic wounds, it is unclear which component of the amnion/chorion tissue promotes wound healing. To characterize the comparative effects of amnion and chorion in wound healing, we used human adipose-derived stromal cells to assess cell viability, migration, and gel contraction after treatment with amnion membrane extract (AME) or chorion membrane extract (CME). We then correlated the possible effectors via AME and CME protein profiling, and compared them by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Cell viability was significantly increased with 50 and 100 μg/mL AME treatment, but with CME treatment, a significant increase was only observed with 100 μg/mL. With CME treatment, cell migration was 2.22-fold greater than the control, and collagen gels showed 20% greater contraction. Compared to control, the expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and smooth muscle protein 22-alpha (SM22α) increased both with AME and CME treatments, whereas calponin expression decreased. Protein profiling revealed significantly higher tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), interleukin-8, exotoxin, and adiponectin levels in CME than in AME, and ELISA revealed 8-fold higher adiponectin levels in cells treated with CME than those treated with AME. Immunocytochemistry revealed that α-SMA, SM22α, and calponin were significantly higher in CME- than AME-treated cells; however, adiponectin treatment did not enhance α-SMA, SM22α, or calponin expression. In conclusion, amnion and chorion membrane extracts exerted differential effects on proliferation and contraction of human adipose-derived stromal cells. Amnion extract was superior at inducing cell proliferation and migration, whereas CME was superior at inducing cell contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sik Namgoong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Mitchell R, Mellows B, Sheard J, Antonioli M, Kretz O, Chambers D, Zeuner MT, Tomkins JE, Denecke B, Musante L, Joch B, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Holthofer H, Ray S, Huber TB, Dengjel J, De Coppi P, Widera D, Patel K. Secretome of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes skeletal muscle regeneration through synergistic action of extracellular vesicle cargo and soluble proteins. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:116. [PMID: 30953537 PMCID: PMC6451311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underpinning the regenerative capabilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were originally thought to reside in their ability to recognise damaged tissue and to differentiate into specific cell types that would replace defective cells. However, recent work has shown that molecules produced by MSCs (secretome), particularly those packaged in extracellular vesicles (EVs), rather than the cells themselves are responsible for tissue repair. METHODS Here we have produced a secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) that is free of exogenous molecules by incubation within a saline solution. Various in vitro models were used to evaluate the effects of the secretome on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. A cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle injury model was used to test the regenerative effects of the whole secretome or isolated extracellular vesicle fraction in vivo. This was followed by bioinformatic analysis of the components of the protein and miRNA content of the secretome and finally compared to a secretome generated from a secondary stem cell source. RESULTS Here we have demonstrated that the secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells shows robust effects on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we show that the whole ADSC secretome is capable of enhancing the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration following acute damage. We assessed the efficacy of the total secretome compared with the extracellular vesicle fraction on a number of assays that inform on tissue regeneration and demonstrate that both fractions affect different aspects of the process in vitro and in vivo. Our in vitro, in vivo, and bioinformatic results show that factors that promote regeneration are distributed both within extracellular vesicles and the soluble fraction of the secretome. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study implies that extracellular vesicles and soluble molecules within ADSC secretome act in a synergistic manner to promote muscle generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ben Mellows
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jonathan Sheard
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Sheard BioTech Ltd, 20-22 Wenlock Road, London, N1 7GU UK
| | | | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Marie-Theres Zeuner
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - James E. Tomkins
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luca Musante
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barbara Joch
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Harry Holthofer
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steve Ray
- Micregen, Alderley Edge, Manchester, UK
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joern Dengjel
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Gilbert-Honick J, Ginn B, Zhang Y, Salehi S, Wagner KR, Mao HQ, Grayson WL. Adipose-derived Stem/Stromal Cells on Electrospun Fibrin Microfiber Bundles Enable Moderate Muscle Reconstruction in a Volumetric Muscle Loss Model. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1644-1656. [PMID: 30298751 PMCID: PMC6299198 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718805370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for volumetric muscle loss (VML) are limited due to donor site morbidity, lack of donor tissue, and insufficient functional recovery. Tissue-engineered skeletal muscle grafts offer the potential to significantly improve functional outcomes. In this study, we assessed the potential pro-myogenic effects of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) seeded onto electrospun uniaxially aligned fibrin hydrogel microfiber bundles. Although both uninduced and 5-azacytidine-induced ASCs exhibited alignment, elongation, and diffuse muscle marker expression when grown on microfiber bundles for 2 months in vitro, both groups failed to fully recapitulate myotube characteristics. To assess the muscle regeneration potential of ASCs in vivo, ASC-seeded fibrin microfiber bundles were implanted in a robust murine VML defect model. Minimal fibrosis was observed surrounding implanted acellular hydrogel fibers at 2 and 4 weeks, and fibers seeded with ASCs exhibited up to 4 times higher volume retention than acellular fibers. We observed increased numbers of cells positive for the regenerating muscle marker embryonic myosin and the mature muscle marker myosin heavy chain in ASC-seeded fibers compared with acellular fibers at 1 and 3 months post-transplantation. Regenerating muscle cells were closely associated with ASC-derived cells and in some cases had potentially fused with them. These findings demonstrate that despite failing to undergo myogenesis in vitro, ASCs combined with electrospun fibrin microfibers moderately increased muscle reconstruction in vivo compared with acellular fibers following a severe VML defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Gilbert-Honick
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian Ginn
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuanfan Zhang
- The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sara Salehi
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn R Wagner
- The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Biomaterials in Tendon and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering: Current Trends and Challenges. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11071116. [PMID: 29966303 PMCID: PMC6073924 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising approach to repair tendon and muscle when natural healing fails. Biohybrid constructs obtained after cells’ seeding and culture in dedicated scaffolds have indeed been considered as relevant tools for mimicking native tissue, leading to a better integration in vivo. They can also be employed to perform advanced in vitro studies to model the cell differentiation or regeneration processes. In this review, we report and analyze the different solutions proposed in literature, for the reconstruction of tendon, muscle, and the myotendinous junction. They classically rely on the three pillars of tissue engineering, i.e., cells, biomaterials and environment (both chemical and physical stimuli). We have chosen to present biomimetic or bioinspired strategies based on understanding of the native tissue structure/functions/properties of the tissue of interest. For each tissue, we sorted the relevant publications according to an increasing degree of complexity in the materials’ shape or manufacture. We present their biological and mechanical performances, observed in vitro and in vivo when available. Although there is no consensus for a gold standard technique to reconstruct these musculo-skeletal tissues, the reader can find different ways to progress in the field and to understand the recent history in the choice of materials, from collagen to polymer-based matrices.
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Combined therapy for critical limb ischaemia: Biomimetic PLGA microcarriers potentiates the pro-angiogenic effect of adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1363-1373. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Gilbert-Honick J, Iyer SR, Somers SM, Lovering RM, Wagner K, Mao HQ, Grayson WL. Engineering functional and histological regeneration of vascularized skeletal muscle. Biomaterials 2018; 164:70-79. [PMID: 29499437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies to treat patients with volumetric muscle loss (VML) aim to recover the structure and contractile function of lost muscle tissue. Here, we assessed the capacity of novel electrospun fibrin hydrogel scaffolds seeded with murine myoblasts to regenerate the structure and function of damaged muscle within VML defects to the mouse tibialis anterior muscle. The electrospun fibrin scaffolds provide pro-myogenic alignment and stiffness cues, myomimetic hierarchical structure, suturability, and scale-up capabilities. Myoblast-seeded scaffolds enabled remarkable muscle regeneration with high myofiber and vascular densities after 2 and 4 weeks, mimicking that of native skeletal muscle, while acellular scaffolds lacked muscle regeneration. Both myoblast-seeded and acellular scaffolds fully recovered muscle contractile function to uninjured values after 2 and 4 weeks. Electrospun scaffolds pre-vascularized with co-cultured human endothelial cells and human adipose-derived stem cells implanted into VML defects for 2 weeks anastomosed with host vasculature and were perfused with host red blood cells. These data demonstrate the significant potential of electrospun fibrin scaffolds seeded with myoblasts to fully regenerate the structure and function of volumetric muscle defects and these scaffolds offer a promising treatment option for patients with VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Gilbert-Honick
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shama R Iyer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sarah M Somers
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Richard M Lovering
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kathryn Wagner
- The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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16
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Park JU, Kwon ST. Potential of autologous adipose-derived stem cells to regenerate atrophied muscle in a rat model. Wound Repair Regen 2018; 25:944-955. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ung Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Seoul National University Boramae Hospital; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tack Kwon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
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An Y, Nie FF, Qin ZL, Xue HY, Chen LJ, Li B, Li D. In vitro Flow Perfusion Maintaining Long-term Viability of the Rat Groin Fat Flap: A Novel Model for Research on Large-scale Engineered Tissues. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:213-217. [PMID: 29336371 PMCID: PMC5776853 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.222334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale muscle tissue engineering remains a major challenge. An axial vascular pedicle and perfusion bioreactor are necessary for the development and maintenance of large-scale engineered muscle to ensure circulation within the construct. We aimed to develop a novel experimental model of a large-scale engineered muscle flap from an existing rat groin fat flap. METHODS A fat flap based on the superficial inferior epigastric vascular pedicle was excised from rats and placed into a perfusion bioreactor. The flaps were kept in the bioreactor for up to 7 weeks, and transdifferentiation of adipose to muscle tissue could have taken place. This system enabled myogenic-differentiation medium flow through the bioreactor at constant pH and oxygen concentration. Assessment of viability was performed by an immunofluorescence assay, histological staining, a calcein-based live/dead test, and through determination of RNA quantity and quality after 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks. RESULTS Immunofluorescence staining showed that smooth muscle around vessels was still intact without signs of necrosis or atrophy. The visual assessment of viability by the calcein-based live/dead test revealed viability of the rat adipose tissue preserved in the bioreactor system with permanent perfusion. RNA samples from different experimental conditions were quantified by spectrophotometry, and intact bands of 18S and 28S rRNA were detected by gel electrophoresis, indicating that degradation of RNA was minimal. CONCLUSIONS Flow perfusion maintains the long-term viability of a rat groin engineered muscle flap in vitro, and a large-scale vascularized muscle could be engineered in a perfusion bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang-Fei Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ze-Lian Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xue
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu-Jia Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bi Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Fang HW, Li LT, Teng SC, Wang TJ. Application of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Observe the Morphological Changes by Induction with Decellularized Corneal Extracellular Matrix and Specified Medium. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kim M, Kim DI, Kim EK, Kim CW. CXCR4 Overexpression in Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Improves Homing and Engraftment in an Animal Limb Ischemia Model. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:191-204. [PMID: 27501830 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x692708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of transplantation of CXCR4-overexpressing adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into a mouse diabetic hindlimb ischemia model on homing and engraftment as early as 48 h after transplant. CXCR4-overexpressing ADSCs were intramuscularly or intravenously injected into diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia. After 48 h, muscle tissues in the femur and tibia were collected, and the CXCR4 expression pattern was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The homing and engraftment of transplanted CXCR4-overexpressing ADSCs into the ischemic area were significantly increased, and intravenous (systemic) injection resulted in the more effective delivery of stem cells to the target site 48 h posttransplantation. Furthermore, CXCR4-overexpressing ADSCs more efficiently contributed to long-term engraftment and muscle tissue regeneration than normal ADSCs in a limb ischemia model. In addition, the homing and engraftment of ADSCs were correlated with the CXCR4 transfection efficiency. These results demonstrated that enhanced CXCR4 signaling could significantly improve the early homing and engraftment of ADSCs into ischemic areas as well as the long-term engraftment and ultimate muscle tissue regeneration.
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20
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Qazi TH, Mooney DJ, Pumberger M, Geissler S, Duda GN. Biomaterials based strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering: existing technologies and future trends. Biomaterials 2015; 53:502-21. [PMID: 25890747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have a robust capacity to regenerate, but under compromised conditions, such as severe trauma, the loss of muscle functionality is inevitable. Research carried out in the field of skeletal muscle tissue engineering has elucidated multiple intrinsic mechanisms of skeletal muscle repair, and has thus sought to identify various types of cells and bioactive factors which play an important role during regeneration. In order to maximize the potential therapeutic effects of cells and growth factors, several biomaterial based strategies have been developed and successfully implemented in animal muscle injury models. A suitable biomaterial can be utilized as a template to guide tissue reorganization, as a matrix that provides optimum micro-environmental conditions to cells, as a delivery vehicle to carry bioactive factors which can be released in a controlled manner, and as local niches to orchestrate in situ tissue regeneration. A myriad of biomaterials, varying in geometrical structure, physical form, chemical properties, and biofunctionality have been investigated for skeletal muscle tissue engineering applications. In the current review, we present a detailed summary of studies where the use of biomaterials favorably influenced muscle repair. Biomaterials in the form of porous three-dimensional scaffolds, hydrogels, fibrous meshes, and patterned substrates with defined topographies, have each displayed unique benefits, and are discussed herein. Additionally, several biomaterial based approaches aimed specifically at stimulating vascularization, innervation, and inducing contractility in regenerating muscle tissues are also discussed. Finally, we outline promising future trends in the field of muscle regeneration involving a deeper understanding of the endogenous healing cascades and utilization of this knowledge for the development of multifunctional, hybrid, biomaterials which support and enable muscle regeneration under compromised conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - David J Mooney
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA.
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Adipose-derived stem cells inhibit epidermal melanocytes through an interleukin-6-mediated mechanism. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 134:470-480. [PMID: 25158706 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000000431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several investigators have postulated that human adipose-derived stem cells can be used for skin rejuvenation, but there have been few reports about their direct effects on human epidermal melanocytes. The authors studied the effects on melanocytes, and the causative agent of those effects was further investigated in this study. METHODS Human epidermal melanocytes were divided into three groups and cultured in adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium, human dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium, or control medium. Concentrations of melanogenic cytokines in these media were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. After 3 and 7 days of incubation, cell proliferation, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and melanogenic gene expression were measured. Interleukin-6-neutralizing antibodies were mixed with adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium in which human epidermal melanocytes were cultured, and melanocyte growth and melanogenesis were measured again. RESULTS Interleukin-6 concentrations in adipose-derived stem cell- and human epidermal melanocyte-conditioned media were 1373 and 495 pg/ml, respectively. Both types of medium suppressed melanocyte proliferation and melanin synthesis (p < 0.05), but adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium was more effective than human dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium in inhibition of human epidermal melanocyte proliferation, melanin synthesis, and tyrosinase activity (p < 0.05). Interleukin-6-neutralizing antibody sufficiently reversed the antimelanogenic effects of adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium such that human epidermal melanocyte proliferation, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and tyrosinase mRNA levels were restored (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium inhibited melanocyte proliferation and melanin synthesis by down-regulating melanogenic enzymes. Interleukin-6 plays a pivotal role in inhibition of melanocytes.
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Mertens JP, Sugg KB, Lee JD, Larkin LM. Engineering muscle constructs for the creation of functional engineered musculoskeletal tissue. Regen Med 2014; 9:89-100. [PMID: 24351009 DOI: 10.2217/rme.13.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a disabling condition in which current clinical procedures are suboptimal. The field of tissue engineering has many promising strategies for the creation of functional skeletal muscle in vitro. However, there are still two key limitations that prevent it from becoming a solution for treating VML. First, engineered muscle tissue must be biocompatible to facilitate muscle tissue regrowth without generating an immune response. Second, engineered muscle constructs must be scaled up to facilitate replacement of clinically relevant volumes of tissue (centimeters in diameter). There are currently no tissue engineering strategies to produce tissue constructs that are both biocompatible and large enough to facilitate clinical repair. However, recent advances in tissue engineering using synthetic scaffolds, native scaffolds, or scaffold-free approaches may lead to a solution for repair of VML injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob P Mertens
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, MI, USA
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2013 Neer Award: Effect of the adipose-derived stem cell for the improvement of fatty degeneration and rotator cuff healing in rabbit model. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2014; 23:445-55. [PMID: 24129058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2013.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to verify the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on tendon healing and reversal of fatty infiltration in a chronic rotator cuff tear model by using the rabbit subscapularis (SSC). METHODS The SSC insertions in 32 rabbits were cut bilaterally. After 6 weeks, secondary procedures were performed bilaterally, dividing the rabbits into 4 groups of 8 rabbits each as follows: the ADSC+repair group, saline+repair group, ADSC-only group, and saline-only group. A fifth group of 8 rabbits served as normal controls (control group). Electromyographic, biomechanical, and histologic analyses were performed 6 weeks after the secondary procedures. RESULTS All SSC tendons in the ADSC-only and saline-only groups failed to heal and were excluded from the electromyographic and biomechanical tests. On electromyographic evaluation, the ADSC+repair group exhibited a larger compound muscle action potential area than the saline+repair group (11.86 ± 2.97 ms · mV vs 9.42 ± 3.57 ms · mV, P = .029), and this response was almost at the level of the control group (13.17 ± 6.6 3 ms · mV, P = .456). Biomechanically, the load-to-failure of the ADSC+repair group (87.02 ± 29.81 N) was higher than that of the saline+repair group (59.85 ± 37.77 N), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .085). Histologically, the mean proportions of fatty infiltration in the SSC muscles were 29% ± 15%, 43% ± 9%, 51% ± 14%, 63% ± 10%, and 18% ± 9% for the ADSC+repair, saline+repair, ADSC-only, saline-only, and control groups, respectively (P < .001). The degree of fat staining increased from the ADSC+repair group (unclear or weak) to the saline-only group (strongly present). CONCLUSION Local administration of ADSCs might have the possibility to improve muscle function and tendon healing and decrease fatty infiltration after cuff repair.
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Sousa BR, Parreira RC, Fonseca EA, Amaya MJ, Tonelli FMP, Lacerda SMSN, Lalwani P, Santos AK, Gomes KN, Ulrich H, Kihara AH, Resende RR. Human adult stem cells from diverse origins: An overview from multiparametric immunophenotyping to clinical applications. Cytometry A 2013; 85:43-77. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R. Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Ricardo C. Parreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Emerson A Fonseca
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Maria J. Amaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Fernanda M. P. Tonelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Samyra M. S. N. Lacerda
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Pritesh Lalwani
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Manaus AM Brazil
| | - Anderson K. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Katia N. Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica; Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Alexandre H. Kihara
- Núcleo de Cognição e Sistemas Complexos, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição; Universidade Federal do ABC; Santo André SP Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R. Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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Simulated microgravity combined with polyglycolic acid scaffold culture conditions improves the function of pancreatic islets. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:150739. [PMID: 24024182 PMCID: PMC3758870 DOI: 10.1155/2013/150739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro culture of pancreatic islets reduces their immunogenicity and prolongs their availability for transplantation. Both simulated microgravity (sMG) and a polyglycolic acid scaffold (PGA) are believed to confer advantages to cell culture. Here, we evaluated the effects of sMG combined with a PGA on the viability, insulin-producing activity and morphological alterations of pancreatic islets. Under PGA-sMG conditions, the purity of the islets was ≥85%, and the islets had a higher survival rate and an increased ability to secrete insulin compared with islets cultured alone in the static, sMG, or PGA conditions. In addition, morphological analysis under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the PGA-sMG treatment preserved the integral structure of the islets and facilitated islet adhesion to the scaffolds. These results suggest that PGA-sMG coculture has the potential to improve the viability and function of islets in vitro and provides a promising method for islet transplantation.
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Zeppieri M, Salvetat ML, Beltrami AP, Cesselli D, Bergamin N, Russo R, Cavaliere F, Varano GP, Alcalde I, Merayo J, Brusini P, Beltrami CA, Parodi PC. Human adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of chemically burned rat cornea: preliminary results. Curr Eye Res 2013; 38:451-63. [PMID: 23373736 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2012.763100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are multipotent, safe, non-immunogenic and can differentiate into functional keratocytes in situ. The topical use of ADSC derived from human processed lipoaspirate was investigated for treating injured rat cornea. METHODS A total of 19 rats were used. Six animals initially underwent corneal lesion experiments with 0.5 N NaOH (right eye) and 0.2 N (left). The 0.2 NaOH protocol was then used in 13 rats. All 26 eyes of 13 rats eyes received topical azythromycin bid for 3 d and divided into five treatment groups (n = 5 eyes/group), which included: control, stem cells, serum, stem + serum and adipose (raw human lipoaspirate). The four treatment groups received topical treatment three times daily for 3 d. Stem cells were isolated and harvested from human lipoaspirate. Topical eye drops were prepared daily with 1 × 10(5) cells/treatment. Fluorescein positive defect area and light microscope assessment was performed at 20, 28, 45, 50 and 74 h. Animals were sacrificed at 74 h for histological evaluation. Data were statistically analyzed for differences amongst groups. RESULTS The stem cell-treated eyes had significantly smaller epithelial defects at each time point compared to control- and adipose-treated eyes (p < 0.05). This group showed slightly better epithelium healing than the serum and combined group, yet not significantly different. Histology showed that stem cell-treated corneas had complete re-epithelization, with less inflammatory cells and limited fibroblast activation structure compared with the control eyes. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary results show that topical treatment with ADSC seems to improve corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Santa Mariadella Misericordia, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
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Mori R, Kamei N, Okawa S, Nakabayashi A, Yokota K, Higashi Y, Ochi M. Promotion of skeletal muscle repair in a rat skeletal muscle injury model by local injection of human adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 9:1150-60. [PMID: 23239611 DOI: 10.1002/term.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) can be isolated easily and aseptically from unwanted subcutaneous fat without culturing. ADRCs have been used in clinical cosmetic therapy. In addition, they are expected to be an attractive and feasible source of cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Therefore, this paper investigates whether transplantation of human adult ADRCs into skeletal muscle injury models promotes the repair of muscle tissues. This was done by locally injecting human ADRCs into an injured site after laceration of the nude-rat tibialis anterior muscle. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) were injected as negative and positive controls, respectively. After injury, recovery of muscle strength was accelerated by transplantation of ADRCs compared to administration of PBS and MNCs. Moreover, transplantation of ADRCs also enhanced angiogenesis and myogenesis, but the number of vascular and muscular cells labeled with the human cell-specific maker was limited at the injury site. Results showed that transplantation of ADRCs into a skeletal muscle injury model promoted repair of muscle tissues in a paracrine manner rather than differentiation of itself into blood vessels and myofibres. Thus, it is believed that ADRCs are a useful and feasible cell source not only for cosmetic therapy but also for regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Naosuke Kamei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.,Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Shingo Okawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakabayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yokota
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Ochi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
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Human adipose tissue stem cells: relevance in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic diseases and therapeutic applications. Expert Rev Mol Med 2012; 14:e19. [PMID: 23302474 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2012.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are unique cells exhibiting self-renewing properties and the potential to differentiate into multiple specialised cell types. Totipotent or pluripotent stem cells are generally abundant in embryonic or fetal tissues, but the use of discarded embryos as sources of these cells raises challenging ethical problems. Adult stem cells can also differentiate into a wide variety of cell types. In particular, adult adipose tissue contains a pool of abundant and accessible multipotent stem cells, designated as adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), that are able to replicate as undifferentiated cells, to develop as mature adipocytes and to differentiate into multiple other cell types along the mesenchymal lineage, including chondrocytes, myocytes and osteocytes, and also into cells of endodermal and neuroectodermal origin, including beta-cells and neurons, respectively. An impairment in the differentiation potential and biological functions of ASCs may contribute to the development of obesity and related comorbidities. In this review, we summarise different aspects of the ASCs with special reference to the isolation and characterisation of these cell populations, their relation to the biochemical features of the adipose tissue depot of origin and to the metabolic characteristics of the donor subject and discuss some prospective therapeutic applications.
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Kaewsuwan S, Song SY, Kim JH, Sung JH. Mimicking the functional niche of adipose-derived stem cells for regenerative medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012; 12:1575-88. [PMID: 22953993 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.721763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A stem cell (SC) niche is defined as the microenvironment in which the adult SC resides and includes surrounding cells, low oxygen content and growth factor gradients. Crosstalk between SCs and their niche provides signals that keep SCs quiescent, or modulates their activation. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the characterization of niche conditions in the adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) in vivo environment, and introduces key signalling pathways and autocrine/paracrine regulators of ASCs. EXPERT OPINION Control of in vivo niche factors (such as low oxygen content, generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signalling) should increase ASC yields synergistically and reduce production costs. Additionally, the preconditioning of ASCs with these niche factors prior to transplantation might enhance their regenerative potential. ASC niche is complex, and there are components of the niche that we may not yet understand. Therefore, future research needs to focus on identifying the key regulatory factors of the ASC niche in vivo, and developing a novel method to mimic these niche factors for in vitro manipulation.
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Liang CZ, Li H, Tao YQ, Zhou XP, Yang ZR, Xiao YX, Li FC, Han B, Chen QX. Dual delivery for stem cell differentiation using dexamethasone and bFGF in/on polymeric microspheres as a cell carrier for nucleus pulposus regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:1097-1107. [PMID: 22327946 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the nanostructured 3D poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) constructs, which are loaded with dexamethasone (DEX) and growth factor embedded heparin/poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles via a layer-by-layer system, to serve as an effective scaffold for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering. Our results demonstrated that the microsphere constructs were capable of simultaneously releasing basic fibroblast growth factor and DEX with approximately zero order kinetics. The dual bead microspheres showed no cytotoxicity, and promoted the proliferation of the rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) by lactate dehydrogenase assay and CCK-8 assay. After 4 weeks of cultivation in vitro, the rMSCs-scaffold hybrids contained significantly higher levels of sulfated GAG/DNA and collagen type II than the control samples. Moreover, quantitative real time PCR analysis revealed that the expression of disc-matrix proteins including collagen type II, aggrecan, and versican in the rMSCs-scaffold hybrids was significantly higher than that in the control group, whereas the expression of osteogenic differentiation marker (collagen type I) was decreased. Taken together, these data indicate that Dex/bFGF PLGA microspheres could be used as a scaffold to improve the rMSCs growth and differentiating into NP like cells, and reduce the inflammatory response for IVD tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Z Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Neshati Z, Bahrami AR, Eshtiagh-Hosseini H, Matin MM, Housaindokht MR, Tabari T, Edalatmanesh MA. Evaluating the biodegradability of Gelatin/Siloxane/Hydroxyapatite (GS-Hyd) complex in vivo and its ability for adhesion and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2012; 64:485-95. [PMID: 22410807 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the use of biomaterials and new biodegradable scaffolds for repair or regeneration of damaged tissues is of vital importance. Scaffolds used in tissue engineering should be biodegradable materials with three-dimensional structures which guide the growth and differentiation of the cells. They also tune physical, chemical and biological properties for efficient supplying of the cells to the selected tissues and have proper porosity along with minimal toxic effects. In this manner, the study of these characteristics is a giant stride towards scaffold design. In this study, Gelatin/Siloxane/Hydroxyapatite (GS-Hyd) scaffold was synthesized and its morphology, in vivo biodegradability, cytotoxic effects and ability for cell adhesion were investigated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The cells were treated with different volumes of the scaffold suspension for evaluation of its cytotoxic effects. The MSCs were also seeded on scaffolds and cultured for 2 weeks to evaluate the ability of the scaffold in promoting of cell adhesion and growth. To check the biodegradability of the scaffold in vivo, scaffolds were placed in the rat body for 21 days in three different positions of thigh muscle, testicle, and liver and they were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and weight changes. According to the results of the viability of this study, no cytotoxic effects of GS-Hyd scaffold was found on the cells and MSCs could adhere on the scaffold with expanding their elongations and forming colonies. The rate of degradation as assessed by weight loss was significant within each group along with significant differences between different tissues at the same time point. SEM micrographs also indicated the obvious morphological changes on the surface of the particles and diameter of the pores through different stages of implantation. The greatest amount of degradation happened to the scaffold particles implanted into the muscle, followed by testicle and liver, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Neshati
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Martin Y, Eldardiri M, Lawrence-Watt DJ, Sharpe JR. Microcarriers and Their Potential in Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:71-80. [PMID: 21083436 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yella Martin
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, United kingdom
| | - Mohamed Eldardiri
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, United kingdom
| | - Diana J. Lawrence-Watt
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, United kingdom
| | - Justin R. Sharpe
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, United kingdom
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Bhat ZF, Fayaz H. Prospectus of cultured meat—advancing meat alternatives. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Willenberg BJ, Zheng T, Meng FW, Meneses JC, Rossignol C, Batich CD, Terada N, Steindler DA, Weiss MD. Gelatinized copper-capillary alginate gel functions as an injectable tissue scaffolding system for stem cell transplants. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2010; 22:1621-37. [PMID: 20699061 DOI: 10.1163/092050610x519453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In severe hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, cellular components such as neurons and astrocytes are injured or destroyed along with the supporting extracellular matrix. This presents a challenge to the field of regenerative medicine since the lack of extracellular matrix and supporting structures makes the transplant milieu inhospitable to the transplanted cells. A potential solution to this problem is the use of a biomaterial to provide the extracellular components needed to keep cells localized in cystic brain regions, allowing the cells to form connections and repair lost brain tissue. Ideally, this biomaterial would be combined with stem cells, which have been proven to have therapeutic potentials, and could be delivered via an injection. To study this approach, we derived a hydrogel biomaterial tissue scaffold from oligomeric gelatin and copper-capillary alginate gel (GCCAG). We then demonstrated that our multipotent astrocytic stem cells (MASCs) could be maintained in GCCAG scaffolds for up to 2 weeks in vitro and that the cells retained their multipotency. We next performed a pilot transplant study in which GCCAG was mixed with MASCs and injected into the brain of a neonatal rat pup. After a week in vivo, our results showed that: the GCCAG biomaterial did not cause a significant reactive gliosis; viable cells were retained within the injected scaffolds; and some delivered cells migrated into the surrounding brain tissue. Therefore, GCCAG tissue scaffolds are a promising, novel injectable system for transplantation of stem cells to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Jay Willenberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611-6400, USA.
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Schreml S, Babilas P, Fruth S, Orsó E, Schmitz G, Mueller MB, Nerlich M, Prantl L. Harvesting human adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells: resection versus liposuction. Cytotherapy 2010; 11:947-57. [PMID: 19903106 DOI: 10.3109/14653240903204322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which can be used for tissue-engineering purposes. The aim of our study was to determine the more suitable procedure, surgical resection or liposuction, for harvesting human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASC) with regard to viability, cell count and differentiation potential. METHODS After harvesting hASC, trypan blue staining and cell counting were carried out. Subsequently, hASC were cultured, analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and differentiated under adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic conditions. Histologic and functional analyzes were performed at the end of the differentiation period. RESULTS No significant difference was found with regard to the cell counts of hASC from liposuction and surgically resected material (P=0.086). The percentage of viable cells was significantly higher for liposuction aspirates than for resection material (P=0.002). No significant difference was found in the adipogenic differentiation potential (P=0.179). A significantly lower number of cultures obtained from liposuction material than from resection material could be differentiated into osteocytes (P=0.049) and chondrocytes (P=0.012). DISCUSSION Even though some lineages from lipoaspirated hASC can not be differentiated as frequently as those from surgically resected material, liposuction may be superior for some tissue-engineering purposes, particularly because of the less invasive harvesting procedure, the higher percentage of viable cells and the fact that there is no significant difference between lipoaspirated and resected hASC with regard to adipogenic differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schreml
- Department of Dermatology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
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37
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The effect of VEGF on the myogenic differentiation of adipose tissue derived stem cells within thermosensitive hydrogel matrices. Biomaterials 2010; 31:1213-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Stem Cell Differentiation. STUDIES IN MECHANOBIOLOGY, TISSUE ENGINEERING AND BIOMATERIALS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/8415_2010_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhu Y, Liu T, Song K, Jiang B, Ma X, Cui Z. Collagen-chitosan polymer as a scaffold for the proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:799-808. [PMID: 19020954 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The architecture and biomaterial are vital for three-dimensional culture of cells in scaffolds, so collagen-chitosan scaffolds suitable for the proliferation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were fabricated in this study. Chitosan was fully mixed with collagen with different volume ratio and cross-linked. The microstructure, pore size, bibulous ability, water content, interval porosity, enzyme degradation and affinity were examined before and after cross-linking. During ADSCs cultured in scaffold, the viability and metabolic rates were measured. After 14 days, the surface markers, specific transcription factors and multi-differentiation potential were assayed to identify the stemness of expanded cells. According to the pore size, bibulous ability, interval porosity, degradation rate and affinity of the scaffold, we chose cross-linked scaffolds of 7:3 material ratio as a better scaffold for ADSCs proliferation, and ADSCs could be expanded by more than 20 times. All expanded cells still maintained stem cell characteristics and pluripotency. So our developed collagen-chitosan scaffolds can promote ADSCs adhesion, expansion, and maintain pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, China
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Park JS, Park K, Woo DG, Yang HN, Chung HM, Park KH. PLGA Microsphere Construct Coated with TGF-β 3 Loaded Nanoparticles for Neocartilage Formation. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2162-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm800251x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Park
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
| | - Dae Gyun Woo
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
| | - Han Na Yang
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Korea, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Chabiotech Co., Ltd. 606-16, Yeoksam 1-dong, Korea
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Choi YS, Park SN, Suh H. The effect of PLGA sphere diameter on rabbit mesenchymal stem cells in adipose tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:2165-2171. [PMID: 18040757 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of injectable PLGA sphere's diameter on adipose tissue engineering, rabbit mesenchymal stem cells were attached to various diameters of injectable PLGA spheres (<75; 75-100; 100-150; 150-200; and 200-250 microm). These five groups were cultured in adipogenic media for 2 weeks in vitro and injected into necks of nude mice. Prior to in vivo study, cell proliferation and adipogenic differentiation were determined by hexosaminidase assay and Oil red O staining after 2 weeks. Group C (100-150 microm) showed the highest adipogenic differentiation and the proliferation capacity of Group B (75-100 microm) was significantly higher than that of any other group. We harvested newly formed tissues from necks of nude mice after 1 and 4 weeks. Although PLGA spheres have not been degraded and there was no significant histological difference among various sizes of spheres after 1 week, well-organized fat pads (PLGA spheres were completely degraded) could be observed, and the histology of the 100-150 microm groups resembled that of native tissue after 4 weeks. Based on these experiments, we could conclude that the optimal size of PLGA spheres for adipogenesis was 100-150 microm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Suk Choi
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
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Arnalich-Montiel F, Pastor S, Blazquez-Martinez A, Fernandez-Delgado J, Nistal M, Alio JL, De Miguel MP. Adipose-derived stem cells are a source for cell therapy of the corneal stroma. Stem Cells 2007; 26:570-9. [PMID: 18065394 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most corneal diseases affect corneal stroma and include immune or infectious diseases, ecstatic disorders, traumatic scars, and corneal dystrophies. Cell-based therapy is a promising therapeutic approach to overcome the current disadvantages of corneal transplantation. We intended to search for a cell source to repopulate and regenerate corneal stroma. We investigated the ability of human processed lipoaspirate derived (PLA) cells to regenerate corneal stroma in experimental animals. In the first set of experiments, we tested the biosafety and immunogenicity of human PLA stem cells transplanted into the corneal stroma of rabbits. No immune response was elicited even though we used immune-competent animals. PLA cells survived up to 10 weeks post-transplant, maintained their shape, and remained intermingled in the stroma without disrupting its histological pattern. Interestingly, transparency was preserved even 10 weeks after the transplant, when PLA cells formed a discontinuous layer in the stroma. In the second set of experiments, regeneration of the corneal stroma by PLA cells was assessed, creating a niche by partial ablation of the stroma. After 12 weeks, human cells were disposed following a multilayered pattern and differentiated into functional keratocytes, as assessed by the expression of aldehyde-3-dehydrogenase and cornea-specific proteoglycan keratocan. Based on our results, we believe that adipose-derived adult stem cells can be a cell source for stromal regeneration and repopulation in diseased corneas. The low health impact of the surgical procedure performed to obtain the PLA cells provides this cell source with an additional beneficial feature for its possible future autologous use in human patients.
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