1
|
Liu X, Yang Z, Liu C, Xu B, Wang X, Li Y, Xia J, Li D, Zhang C, Sun H, Yang Q. Identification of a type II LacNAc specific binding lectin CMRBL from Cordyceps militaris. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123207. [PMID: 36632960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Cordyceps militaris gene CCM_03832 encodes a ricin-B like lectin. The gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its protein product, named CMRBL (C. militaris ricin-B like lectin), was purified by galactose affinity chromatography. Of nine different sources of erythrocytes, CMRBL showed only specific hemagglutinating activity against rat and rabbit erythrocytes with titers of 22 and 28, respectively. Glycan array analyses by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics showed that CMRBL possesses very high specific binding activity of glycans terminated with type II LacNAc (non-reducing Galβ1-4GlcNAc). Compared with other well-known Gal-terminated binding lectins such as Erythrina cristagalli agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, and Jacalin, CMRBL showed better binding specificity to type II LacNAc compared the other lectins. CMRBL showed lowest binding activity to ZR-75-30 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines among five tested cell lines (H22, THP-1, MDA-MB-231, ZR-75-30, and MDA-MB-468 cells). Transfection of type II LacNAc main galactosyltransferase B4GALT3 to ZR-75-30 significantly improved CMRBL binding activity compared with control. CMRBL was also applied for testing the type II LacNAc modification of Etanercept successfully. Our data suggest that CMRBL would be a useful tool to recognize type II LacNAc, especially distinguish type II from other galactose-terminated glycans in glycan biology research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zelan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Danni Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Can Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Province key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Buettner MJ, Shah SR, Saeui CT, Ariss R, Yarema KJ. Improving Immunotherapy Through Glycodesign. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2485. [PMID: 30450094 PMCID: PMC6224361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is revolutionizing health care, with the majority of high impact "drugs" approved in the past decade falling into this category of therapy. Despite considerable success, glycosylation-a key design parameter that ensures safety, optimizes biological response, and influences the pharmacokinetic properties of an immunotherapeutic-has slowed the development of this class of drugs in the past and remains challenging at present. This article describes how optimizing glycosylation through a variety of glycoengineering strategies provides enticing opportunities to not only avoid past pitfalls, but also to substantially improve immunotherapies including antibodies and recombinant proteins, and cell-based therapies. We cover design principles important for early stage pre-clinical development and also discuss how various glycoengineering strategies can augment the biomanufacturing process to ensure the overall effectiveness of immunotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Buettner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sagar R Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher T Saeui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Pharmacology/Toxicology Branch I, Division of Clinical Evaluation and Pharmacology/Toxicology, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ryan Ariss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin J Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Knoppova B, Reily C, Maillard N, Rizk DV, Moldoveanu Z, Mestecky J, Raska M, Renfrow MB, Julian BA, Novak J. The Origin and Activities of IgA1-Containing Immune Complexes in IgA Nephropathy. Front Immunol 2016; 7:117. [PMID: 27148252 PMCID: PMC4828451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis, frequently leading to end-stage renal disease, as there is no disease-specific therapy. IgAN is diagnosed from pathological assessment of a renal biopsy specimen based on predominant or codominant IgA-containing immunodeposits, usually with complement C3 co-deposits and with variable presence of IgG and/or IgM. The IgA in these renal deposits is galactose-deficient IgA1, with less than a full complement of galactose residues on the O-glycans in the hinge region of the heavy chains. Research from the past decade led to the definition of IgAN as an autoimmune disease with a multi-hit pathogenetic process with contributing genetic and environmental components. In this process, circulating galactose-deficient IgA1 (autoantigen) is bound by antiglycan IgG or IgA (autoantibodies) to form immune complexes. Some of these circulating complexes deposit in glomeruli, and thereby activate mesangial cells and induce renal injury through cellular proliferation and overproduction of extracellular matrix components and cytokines/chemokines. Glycosylation pathways associated with production of the autoantigen and the unique characteristics of the corresponding autoantibodies in patients with IgAN have been uncovered. Complement likely plays a significant role in the formation and the nephritogenic activities of these complexes. Complement activation is mediated through the alternative and lectin pathways and probably occurs systemically on IgA1-containing circulating immune complexes as well as locally in glomeruli. Incidence of IgAN varies greatly by geographical location; the disease is rare in central Africa but accounts for up to 40% of native-kidney biopsies in eastern Asia. Some of this variation may be explained by genetically determined influences on the pathogenesis of the disease. Genome-wide association studies to date have identified several loci associated with IgAN. Some of these loci are associated with the increased prevalence of IgAN, whereas others, such as deletion of complement factor H-related genes 1 and 3, are protective against the disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and genetic and biochemical factors involved in formation and activities of pathogenic IgA1-containing immune complexes will enable the development of future disease-specific therapies as well as identification of non-invasive disease-specific biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Knoppova
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Colin Reily
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nicolas Maillard
- Université Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France
- PRES Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Dana V. Rizk
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zina Moldoveanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jiri Mestecky
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Matthew B. Renfrow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Bruce A. Julian
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Novak J, Rizk D, Takahashi K, Zhang X, Bian Q, Ueda H, Ueda Y, Reily C, Lai LY, Hao C, Novak L, Huang ZQ, Renfrow MB, Suzuki H, Julian BA. New Insights into the Pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy. KIDNEY DISEASES 2015; 1:8-18. [PMID: 26568951 DOI: 10.1159/000382134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy, a frequent cause of end-stage renal disease, is an autoimmune disease wherein immune complexes consisting of IgA1 with galactose-deficient O-glycans (autoantigen) and anti-glycan autoantibodies deposit in glomeruli and induce renal injury. Multiple genetic loci associated with disease risk have been identified. The prevalence of risk alleles varies geographically, highest in eastern Asia and northern Europe, fewer in other parts of Europe and North America, and the least in Africa. IgA nephropathy is diagnosed from pathological assessment of a renal biopsy specimen. Currently, therapy is not disease-targeted but rather is focused on maintaining control of blood pressure and proteinuria, ideally with suppression of angiotensin II. Possible additional approaches differ between countries. Disease-specific therapy as well as new tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of responses to therapy are needed. SUMMARY Glycosylation pathways associated with aberrant O-glycosylation of IgA1 and, thus, production of autoantigen, have been identified. Furthermore, unique characteristics of the autoantibodies in IgA nephropathy have been uncovered. Many of these biochemical features are shared by patients with IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, suggesting that the two diseases may represent opposite ends of a spectrum of a disease process. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in formation of pathogenic IgA1-containing immune complexes will enable development of disease-specific therapies as well as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. KEY MESSAGES IgA nephropathy is an autoimmune disease caused by glomerular deposition of nephritogenic circulating immune complexes consisting of galactose-deficient IgA1 (autoantigen) bound by anti-glycan autoantibodies. A better understanding of the multi-step process of pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy and the genetic and environmental contributing factors will lead to development of biomarkers to identify patients with progressive disease who would benefit from a future disease-specific therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Novak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dana Rizk
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA ; School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - XianWen Zhang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA ; Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Bian
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA ; Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hirouki Ueda
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yoshimi Ueda
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Colin Reily
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ling-Yun Lai
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA ; Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Lea Novak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA ; Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bruce A Julian
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yuasa N, Koyama T, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Purification and refolding of anti-T-antigen single chain antibodies (scFvs) expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies. Biosci Trends 2014; 8:24-31. [PMID: 24647109 DOI: 10.5582/bst.8.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
T-antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAcα-1-Ser/Thr) is an oncofetal antigen that is commonly expressed as a carbohydrate determinant in many adenocarcinomas. Since it is associated with tumor progression and metastasis, production of recombinant antibodies specific for T-antigen could lead to the development of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Previously, we isolated and characterized 11 anti-T-antigen phage clones from a phage library displaying human single-chain antibodies (scFvs) and purified one scFv protein, 1G11. More recently, we purified and characterized 1E8 scFv protein using a Drosophila S2 expression system. In the current study, four anti-T-antigen scFv genes belonging to Groups 1-4 were purified from inclusion bodies expressed in Escherichia coli cells. Inclusion bodies isolated from E. coli cells were denatured in 3.5 M Gdn-HCl. Solubilized His-tagged scFv proteins were purified using Ni(2+)-Sepharose column chromatography in the presence of 3.5 M Gdn-HCl. Purified scFv proteins were refolded according to a previously published method of step-wise dialysis. Two anti-T-antigen scFv proteins, 1E6 and 1E8 that belong to Groups 1 and 2, respectively, were produced in sufficient amounts, thus allowing further characterization of their binding activity with T-antigen. Specificity and affinity constants determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), respectively, provided evidence that both 1E8 and 1E6 scFv proteins are T-antigen specific and suggested that 1E8 scFv protein has a higher affinity for T-antigen than 1E6 scFv protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Yuasa
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University School of Engineering
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) represents the leading cause of kidney failure among East Asian populations and the most frequent form of primary glomerulonephritis among Europeans. Patients with IgAN develop characteristic IgA1-containing immune complexes that deposit in the glomerular mesangium, producing progressive kidney injury. Recent studies define IgAN as an autoimmune trait of complex architecture with a strong genetic determination. This Review summarizes new insights into the role of the O-glycosylation pathway, anti-glycan immune response, mucosal immunity, antigen processing and presentation, and the alternative complement pathway in the pathogenesis of IgAN.
Collapse
|
7
|
Xue J, Zhu LP, Wei Q. IgG-Fc N-glycosylation at Asn297 and IgA O-glycosylation in the hinge region in health and disease. Glycoconj J 2013; 30:735-45. [PMID: 23783413 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-013-9481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are the major molecules secreted by B lymphocytes during an adaptive immune response. They are glycoproteins with distinctive glycosylation patterns, resulting in wide variations in the number, type and location of their oligosaccharides in each isotype and subclass. The sugars play specific structural roles, maintaining and modulating effector functions of Igs. Aberrant glycosylation might contribute to disease pathogenesis. This review will focus on the glycosylation of IgG and IgA because they have been studied more extensively than other immunoglobulins. Rheumatoid arthritis and IgA nephritis are used to describe the association of glycosylation aberration and disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, No 5 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Inoue T, Sugiyama H, Kitagawa M, Takiue K, Morinaga H, Ogawa A, Kikumoto Y, Kitamura S, Maeshima Y, Makino H. Suppression of adiponectin by aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 in glomerular mesangial cells in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33965. [PMID: 22457806 PMCID: PMC3311555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) may be associated with the mesangial deposition of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1. To identify mediators affected by aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 in cultured human mesangial cells (HMCs), we generated enzymatically modified desialylated and degalactosylated (deSial/deGal) IgA1. The state of deglycosylated IgA1 was confirmed by lectin binding to Helix aspersa (HAA) and Sambucus nigra (SNA). In the cytokine array analysis, 52 proteins were upregulated and 34 were downregulated in HMCs after stimulation with deSial/deGal IgA1. Among them, the secretion of adiponectin was suppressed in HMCs after stimulation with deSial/deGal IgA1. HMCs expressed mRNAs for adiponectin and its type 1 receptor, but not the type 2 receptor. Moreover, we revealed a downregulation of adiponectin expression in the glomeruli of renal biopsy specimens from patients with IgAN compared to those with lupus nephritis. We also demonstrated that aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 was deposited in the mesangium of patients with IgAN by dual staining of HAA and IgA. Moreover, the urinary HAA/SNA ratio of lectin binding was significantly higher in IgAN compared to other kidney diseases. Since adiponectin has anti-inflammatory effects, including the inhibition of adhesion molecules and cytokines, these data suggest that the local suppression of this adipokine by aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 could be involved in the regulation of glomerular inflammation and sclerosis in IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Inoue
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sugiyama
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Center for Chronic Kidney Disease and Peritoneal Dialysis, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Kitagawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keiichi Takiue
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morinaga
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ayu Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoko Kikumoto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitamura
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yohei Maeshima
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Makino
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Novak J, Julian BA, Mestecky J, Renfrow MB. Glycosylation of IgA1 and pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Semin Immunopathol 2012; 34:365-82. [PMID: 22434325 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-012-0306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy, described in 1968 as IgA-IgG immune-complex disease, is an autoimmune disease. Galactose-deficient IgA1 is recognized by unique autoantibodies, resulting in the formation of pathogenic immune complexes that ultimately induce glomerular injury. Thus, formation of the galactose-deficient IgA1-containing immune complexes is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Studies of molecular defects of IgA1 can define new biomarkers specific for IgA nephropathy that can be developed into clinical assays to aid in the diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and monitoring of disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Novak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Klapoetke SC, Zhang J, Becht S. Glycosylation characterization of Human IgA1 with differential deglycosylation by UPLC–ESI TOF MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:513-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Wang C, Fan W, Zhang P, Wang Z, Huang L. One-pot nonreductive O-glycan release and labeling with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone followed by ESI-MS analysis. Proteomics 2011; 11:4229-42. [PMID: 21956845 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel one-pot procedure for the nonreductive release of O-linked glycans from glycoproteins and the simultaneous derivatization of released glycans with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) is described. Unlike the traditional reductive β-elimination, which produces alditols, this new method employs PMP/ammonia aqueous solution as the reaction medium. The O-glycans are released from glycoproteins and derivatized with PMP nonreductively, specifically, and quantitatively. Samples can be easily purified from ammonia, excess PMP, and peptide residues by evaporation, chloroform extraction, and solid-phase extraction (SPE) column fractionation for HPLC, CE, or MS analysis. The procedure has been elaborated with two purified glycoproteins, porcine stomach mucin and bovine fetuin, and successfully applied to O-glycan profiling of a challenging biological specimen, healthy human plasma. This new procedure has shown methodological significance in O-glycan analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Wang
- Educational Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Life Science College, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Recent advances in the analysis of carbohydrates for biomedical use. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:702-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
13
|
Miyamoto K, Kawasaki A, Nagata Y, Uraya M, Kojima H, Ito T, Horiuchi T, Asakawa N, Nomura S. Denatured-jacalin derivatives with selective recognition for O-linked glycosides (ST, T, Tn, and STn Type) on IgA1 hinge region. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Inoue T, Sugiyama H, Hiki Y, Takiue K, Morinaga H, Kitagawa M, Maeshima Y, Fukushima K, Nishizaki K, Akagi H, Narimatsu Y, Narimatsu H, Makino H. Differential expression of glycogenes in tonsillar B lymphocytes in association with proteinuria and renal dysfunction in IgA nephropathy. Clin Immunol 2010; 136:447-55. [PMID: 20538527 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant O-glycosylation of serum and tonsillar IgA1 is one of the main pathogeneses of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the synthesis of underglycosylated IgA1 in tonsils has not yet been characterized. This study examined tonsillar B lymphocytes of IgAN (n=34) using tonsils derived from patients with chronic tonsillitis (n=24) and sleep apnea syndrome (n=14) as a control. Gene expression of beta1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT), and the core 1 beta3GalT-specific molecular chaperone, Cosmc, UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase 2, were significantly decreased in tonsillar CD19-positive B lymphocytes from IgAN patients compared to control tonsillar tissues as determined by real-time RT-PCR. Tonsillar B cell beta3GalT gene expression significantly correlated with estimated GFR and negatively correlated with proteinuria and histological injury score. Western blotting showed the protein expression of beta3GalT in the tonsils to significantly decrease in IgAN in comparison to the controls. These data suggest the downregulation of beta3GalT in tonsillar B lymphocytes to be closely associated with the clinical characteristics of IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Inoue
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sakai K, Yuasa N, Tsukamoto K, Takasaki-Matsumoto A, Yajima Y, Sato R, Kawakami H, Mizuno M, Takayanagi A, Shimizu N, Nakata M, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Isolation and characterization of antibodies against three consecutive Tn-antigen clusters from a phage library displaying human single-chain variable fragments. J Biochem 2010; 147:809-17. [PMID: 20147453 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tn-antigen, GalNAcalpha-Ser/Thr, is a tumour-associated carbohydrate antigen that may provide a sensitive and specific marker for pre-clinical detection of carcinoma and a target for cancer therapies. We recently reported that MLS128 monoclonal antibody treatment significantly inhibited colon and breast cancer cell growth. On the basis of our observations, the present study aimed to produce human anti-Tn-antigen antibodies with specificity similar to that of MLS128 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes a structure of three consecutive Tn-antigens (Tn3). Six phage clones displaying human single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) were isolated from a newly constructed phage library by panning and screening with a synthetic Tn3-peptide. Deduced amino-acid sequences of six anti-Tn3 scFvs exhibited a high degree of homology. Of those, anti-Tn3 4E10 and 4G2 scFv proteins were successfully purified from phage-infected Escherichia coli to near homogeneity. Surface plasmon resonance analyses revealed a K(D) of purified scFv proteins for Tn3 on an order of 10(-7) M, which is high for carbohydrate-specific monovalent antibodies. Further analyses suggested that both scFv proteins also bind to Tn2 and cultured colon and breast cancer cells. These results demonstrated the potential for use of these scFvs in developing antibody therapeutics targeting colon and breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Sakai
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University School of Engineering, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The O-glycosylation of Ser and Thr by N-acetylgalactosamine-linked (mucin-type) oligosaccharides is often overlooked in protein analysis. Three characteristics make O-linked glycosylation more difficult to analyse than N-linked glycosylation, namely: (a) no amino acid consensus sequence is known; (b) there is no universal enzyme for the release of O-glycans from the protein backbone; and (c) the density and number of occupied sites may be very high. For significant biological conclusions to be drawn, the complete picture of O-linked glycosylation on a protein needs to be determined. This review specifically addresses the analytical approaches that have been used, and the challenges remaining, in the characterization of both the composition and structure of mucin-type O-glycans, and the determination of the occupancy and heterogeneity at each amino acid attachment site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pia H Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
An HJ, Froehlich JW, Lebrilla CB. Determination of glycosylation sites and site-specific heterogeneity in glycoproteins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 13:421-6. [PMID: 19700364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. At least 50% of human proteins are glycosylated with some estimates being as high as 70%. Glycoprotein analysis requires determining both the sites of glycosylation as well as the glycan structures associated with each site. Recent advances have led to the development of new analytical methods that employ mass spectrometry extensively making it possible to obtain the glycosylation site and the site microheterogeneity. These tools will be important for the eventual development of glycoproteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
O-linked oligosaccharides of the IgA1 hinge region: roles of its aberrant structure in the occurrence and/or progression of IgA nephropathy. Clin Exp Nephrol 2009; 13:415-423. [PMID: 19365705 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-009-0173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has been regarded as an immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis characterized immunohistologically by the predominant deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangial area with a variety of histopathologic injuries (Clarkson et al. in Ann Rev Med 38:157-168, 1987). In 1992, the characteristic structure of O-linked oligosaccharides (O-glycans) in the IgA1 hinge and its possible aberrancy were simultaneously and independently proposed by Mesteckey et al. (Cont Nephrol 104:172-182, 1993), and our group (Cont Nephrol 104:217, 1993) at the International Congress of Nephrology (IgA Nephropathy 25th year) held in Nancy, France. Since then, the aberrancy has been confirmed by several research groups and is suspected to play a role in the occurrence and/or the progression of IgAN. At the end of the 1980s, I took an interest in the existence of O-glycans in the hinge region of IgA1 and have pursued the structure of the carbohydrate chains. Since an excellent review on the structure and the role of the carbohydrate in IgA molecules was recently published by Narita et al. (Clin Ex Nephrol 12:332-338, 2008), this review focuses on the process by which I developed the idea of aberrant O-glycosylation in IgA1 molecules in IgAN patients and summarizes our recent observations concerning IgA1 molecules.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ueda K, Fukase Y, Katagiri T, Ishikawa N, Irie S, Sato TA, Ito H, Nakayama H, Miyagi Y, Tsuchiya E, Kohno N, Shiwa M, Nakamura Y, Daigo Y. Targeted serum glycoproteomics for the discovery of lung cancer-associated glycosylation disorders using lectin-coupled ProteinChip arrays. Proteomics 2009; 9:2182-92. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
20
|
Pathogenetic significance of aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 in IgA nephropathy. Clin Exp Nephrol 2008; 12:332-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-008-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
21
|
Abstract
Circulating immune complexes containing aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). A portion of IgA1 secreted by IgA1-producing cells in patients with IgAN is galactose-deficient and consequently recognized by anti-glycan IgG or IgA1 antibodies. Some of the resultant immune complexes in the circulation escape normal clearance mechanisms, deposit in the renal mesangium, and induce glomerular injury. Recent studies of the origin of these aberrant molecules, their glycosylation profiles, and mechanisms of biosynthesis have provided new insight into the autoimmune nature of the pathogenesis of this common renal disease. An imbalance in the activities of the pertinent glycosyltransferases in the IgA1-producing cells favors production of molecules with galactose-deficient O-linked glycans at specific sites in the hinge region of the alpha heavy chains. By using sophisticated analytic methods, it may be possible to define biomarkers for diagnostic purposes and identify new therapeutic targets for a future disease-specific therapy.
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiménez-Castells C, de la Torre BG, Gutiérrez Gallego R, Andreu D. Optimized synthesis of aminooxy-peptides as glycoprobe precursors for surface-based sugar-protein interaction studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5155-8. [PMID: 17629701 PMCID: PMC7126385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Revised: 06/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An improved procedure for solid phase coupling of Boc-aminooxyacetic acid to peptides is described. By avoiding base-containing activation mixtures which cause over-acylation, it practically suppresses this unwanted side reaction and leads to near quantitative yields of Aoa-peptides, useful as glycoprobe precursors in glycomic studies.
Collapse
Key Words
- boc, tert-butyloxycarbonyl
- diea, n,n-diisopropylethylamine
- dic, n,n-diisopropylcarbodiimide
- fmoc, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
- hbtu, 2-(1h-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
- tfa, trifluoroacetic acid
- tis, triisopropylsilane
- glycoprobes
- surface-based interaction studies
- aminooxy-peptide
- coupling reagent
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Jiménez-Castells
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|