1
|
Zhang YQ, Zhang W, Kong XT, Hai WX, Guo R, Zhang M, Zhang SL, Li B. The therapeutic effect of a novel GAPDH inhibitor in mouse model of breast cancer and efficacy monitoring by molecular imaging. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:188. [PMID: 38811918 PMCID: PMC11138053 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a serious threat to women's health with high morbidity and mortality. The development of more effective therapies for the treatment of breast cancer is strongly warranted. Growing evidence suggests that targeting glucose metabolism may be a promising cancer treatment strategy. We previously identified a new glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) inhibitor, DC-5163, which shows great potential in inhibiting tumor growth. Here, we evaluated the anticancer potential of DC-5163 in breast cancer cells. METHODS The effects of DC-5163 on breast cancer cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Seahorse, glucose uptake, lactate production, and cellular ATP content assays were performed to examine the impact of DC-5163 on cellular glycolysis. Cell viability, colony-forming ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting respectively. The anticancer activity of DC-5163 in vivo was evaluated in a mouse breast cancer xenograft model. RESULTS DC-5163 suppressed aerobic glycolysis and reduced energy supply of breast cancer cells, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell growth, inducing cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and increasing apoptosis. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed using a breast cancer xenograft mouse model. DC-5163 treatment markedly suppressed tumor growth in vivo without inducing evident systemic toxicity. Micro-PET/CT scans revealed a notable reduction in tumor 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT uptake in the DC-5163 treatment group compared to the DMSO control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DC-5163 is a promising GAPDH inhibitor for suppressing breast cancer growth without obvious side effects. 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT can noninvasively assess the levels of glycolysis and proliferation in tumors following treatment with DC-5163.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qi Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Canter, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Tai Kong
- Drug Discovery and Design Canter, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wang-Xi Hai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Su-Lin Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Canter, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nomura M, Ohuchi M, Sakamoto Y, Kudo K, Yaku K, Soga T, Sugiura Y, Morita M, Hayashi K, Miyahara S, Sato T, Yamashita Y, Ito S, Kikuchi N, Sato I, Saito R, Yaegashi N, Fukuhara T, Yamada H, Shima H, Nakayama KI, Hirao A, Kawasaki K, Arai Y, Akamatsu S, Tanuma SI, Sato T, Nakagawa T, Tanuma N. Niacin restriction with NAMPT-inhibition is synthetic lethal to neuroendocrine carcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8095. [PMID: 38092728 PMCID: PMC10719245 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a major role in NAD biosynthesis in many cancers and is an attractive potential cancer target. However, factors dictating therapeutic efficacy of NAMPT inhibitors (NAMPTi) are unclear. We report that neuroendocrine phenotypes predict lung and prostate carcinoma vulnerability to NAMPTi, and that NAMPTi therapy against those cancers is enhanced by dietary modification. Neuroendocrine differentiation of tumor cells is associated with down-regulation of genes relevant to quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase-dependent de novo NAD synthesis, promoting NAMPTi susceptibility in vitro. We also report that circulating nicotinic acid riboside (NAR), a non-canonical niacin absent in culture media, antagonizes NAMPTi efficacy as it fuels NAMPT-independent but nicotinamide riboside kinase 1-dependent NAD synthesis in tumors. In mouse transplantation models, depleting blood NAR by nutritional or genetic manipulations is synthetic lethal to tumors when combined with NAMPTi. Our findings provide a rationale for simultaneous targeting of NAR metabolism and NAMPT therapeutically in neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Nomura
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Mai Ohuchi
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Sakamoto
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Kei Kudo
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
- Department of Biochemical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mami Morita
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Kayoko Hayashi
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Shuko Miyahara
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
- Department of Biochemical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Sato
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Yoji Yamashita
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Shigemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Naohiko Kikuchi
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center Hospital, Natori, Japan
| | - Rintaro Saito
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Fukuhara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Miyagi Cancer Center Hospital, Natori, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Yamada
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shima
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer and Stem Cell Research Program, Cancer Research Institute and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Arai
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center Hospital, Natori, Japan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Tanuma
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology, Sakado, Japan
- University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Integrated Medicine and Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tanuma
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.
- Department of Biochemical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marín-Hernández Á, Saavedra E. Metabolic control analysis as a strategy to identify therapeutic targets, the case of cancer glycolysis. Biosystems 2023; 231:104986. [PMID: 37506818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of kinetic modeling and metabolic control analysis (MCA) to identify possible therapeutic targets and to investigate the controlling and regulatory mechanisms in cancer glycolysis is here reviewed. The glycolytic pathway has been considered a target to decrease cancer cell growth; however, its occurrence in normal cells makes it difficult to design therapeutic strategies that target this pathway in pathological cells. Notwithstanding, the over-expression of all enzymes and transporters, as well as the expression of isoenzymes with different kinetic and regulatory properties in cancer cells, suggested a different distribution of the control of glycolytic flux than that observed in normal cells. Kinetic models of glycolysis are constructed with enzyme kinetics experimental data, validated with the steady-state metabolite concentrations and glycolytic fluxes; applying MCA, permitted us to identify the steps with the highest control of glycolysis in cancer cells, but low control in normal cells. The cancer glycolysis main controlling steps under several metabolic conditions were: glucose transport, hexokinase and hexose-6-phosphate isomerase (HPI); whereas in normal cells were: the first two and phosphofructokinase-1. HPI is the best therapeutic target because it exerts high control in cancer glycolytic flux, but not in normal cells. Furthermore, kinetic modeling also contributed to identifying new feed-back and feed-forward regulatory loops in cancer cells glycolysis, and to understanding the mode of metabolic action of glycolytic inhibitors. Thus, MCA and metabolic modeling allowed to propose new strategies for inhibiting glycolysis in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Marín-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Emma Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lei P, Wang W, Sheldon M, Sun Y, Yao F, Ma L. Role of Glucose Metabolic Reprogramming in Breast Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3390. [PMID: 37444501 PMCID: PMC10341343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of glucose metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance has been increasingly appreciated. Studies in recent years have revealed molecular mechanisms by which glucose metabolic reprogramming regulates breast cancer. To date, despite a few metabolism-based drugs being tested in or en route to clinical trials, no drugs targeting glucose metabolism pathways have yet been approved to treat breast cancer. Here, we review the roles and mechanisms of action of glucose metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer progression and drug resistance. In addition, we summarize the currently available metabolic inhibitors targeting glucose metabolism and discuss the challenges and opportunities in targeting this pathway for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Lei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (P.L.); (W.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Wenzhou Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (P.L.); (W.W.)
| | - Marisela Sheldon
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Fan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (P.L.); (W.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iwai S, Hasegawa T, Ikeda HO, Tsujikawa A. Branched Chain Amino Acids Promote ATP Production Via Translocation of Glucose Transporters. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:7. [PMID: 35930269 PMCID: PMC9363681 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We have previously shown that maintenance of ATP levels is a promising strategy for preventing neuronal cell death, and that branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) enhanced cellular ATP levels in cultured cells and antagonized cell death. BCAAs attenuated photoreceptor degeneration and retinal ganglion cell death in rodent models of retinal degeneration or glaucoma. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which BCAAs enhance ATP production. Methods Intracellular ATP concentration was measured in HeLa cells under glycolysis and citric acid cycle inhibited conditions. Next, glucose uptake was quantified in HeLa cells and in 661W retinal photoreceptor-derived cells under glycolysis inhibition, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and glucose transporters (GLUTs) inhibited conditions, by measuring the fluorescence of fluorescently labeled deoxy-glucose analog using flow cytometry. Then, the intracellular behavior of GLUT1 and GLUT3 were observed in HeLa or 661W cells transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein-GLUTs. Results BCAAs recovered intracellular ATP levels during glycolysis inhibition and during citric acid cycle inhibition. BCAAs significantly increased glucose uptake and recovered decreased glucose uptake induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress or glycolysis inhibition. However, BCAAs were unable to increase intracellular ATP levels or glucose uptake when GLUTs were inhibited. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that supplementation of BCAAs enhanced the translocation of GLUTs proteins to the plasma membrane over time. Conclusions BCAAs increase ATP production by promoting glucose uptake through promotion of glucose transporters translocation to the plasma membrane. These results may help expand the clinical application of BCAAs in retinal neurodegenerative diseases, such as glaucoma and retinal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Iwai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hasegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hanako Ohashi Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Isozaki S, Konishi H, Tanaka H, Yamamura C, Moriichi K, Ogawa N, Fujiya M. Probiotic-derived heptelidic acid exerts antitumor effects on extraintestinal melanoma through glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity control. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:110. [PMID: 35459092 PMCID: PMC9026996 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several microorganisms inhabit the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and are associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have indicated that several probiotics produce antitumor molecules and inhibit host tumor progression. We demonstrated that heptelidic acid (HA), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the probiotic Aspergillus oryzae, exerts antitumor effects against pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the antitumor effects of HA against extraintestinal melanoma were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Results Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay revealed that the growth of B16F10 cells was significantly inhibited by HA in a concentration-dependent manner. The enzymatic activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) decreased in proportion with the growth inhibition effect of HA. Moreover, oral HA administration significantly suppressed the growth of transplanted B16F10 tumors without any significant changes in biochemical test values. Moreover, GAPDH activity in the transplanted tumor tissues in the HA group significantly decreased compared with that in the PBS group. Conclusion This study suggests that orally administered HA was absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, reached the cancer cells transplanted in the skin, and inhibited GAPDH activity, thereby inhibiting the growth of extraintestinal melanoma cells. Thus, this study proposes a novel system for extraintestinal tumor regulation via gut bacteria-derived bioactive mediators. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02530-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Isozaki
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Konishi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Chikage Yamamura
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kentaro Moriichi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Naoki Ogawa
- Center for Advanced Research and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A “Weird” Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation as a Metabolic “Secret” of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2339584. [PMID: 35178152 PMCID: PMC8847026 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2339584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metabolism is an extensively studied field since the discovery of the Warburg effect about 100 years ago and continues to be increasingly intriguing and enigmatic so far. It has become clear that glycolysis is not the only abnormally activated metabolic pathway in the cancer cells, but the same is true for the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) and mevalonate pathway. In the last decade, a lot of data have been accumulated on the pronounced mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) in many types of cancer cells. In this article, we discuss how mFAO can escape normal regulation under certain conditions and be overactivated. Such abnormal activation of mitochondrial β-oxidation can also be combined with mutations in certain enzymes of the Krebs cycle that are common in cancer. If overactivated β-oxidation is combined with other common cancer conditions, such as dysfunctions in the electron transport complexes, and/or hypoxia, this may alter the redox state of the mitochondrial matrix. We propose the idea that the altered mitochondrial redox state and/or inhibited Krebs cycle at certain segments may link mitochondrial β-oxidation to the citrate-malate shuttle instead to the Krebs cycle. We call this abnormal metabolic condition “β-oxidation shuttle”. It is unconventional mFAO, a separate metabolic pathway, unexplored so far as a source of energy, as well as a source of cataplerosis, leading to biomass accumulation, accelerated oxygen consumption, and ultimately a source of proliferation. It is inefficient as an energy source and must consume significantly more oxygen per mole of ATP produced when combined with acetyl-CoA consuming pathways, such as the FAS and mevalonate pathway.
Collapse
|
8
|
Jing C, Li Y, Gao Z, Wang R. Antitumor activity of Koningic acid in thyroid cancer by inhibiting cellular glycolysis. Endocrine 2022; 75:169-177. [PMID: 34264510 PMCID: PMC8763937 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02822-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Koningic acid (KA), a sesquiterpene lactone, has been identified as an antimicrobial agent. Recent studies have revealed KA's antitumor activities in colorectal cancer, leukemia, and lung cancer. However, its antitumor effect in thyroid cancer remains largely unknown. METHODS The effects of KA on proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis in thyroid cancer cells were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. After KA treatment, the glycolysis ability of thyroid cancer cells was detected by ECAR, and the glycolytic products and relative ATP levels were measured by ELISA. The underlying mechanisms of antineoplastic activity of KA in thyroid cancer were detected by Western blot. Finally, the antineoplastic activity in vivo was observed in Xenograft mouse models. RESULTS KA inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, and increased cell apoptosis in thyroid cancer cell lines in a dose and time-dependent manner. We verified that the glycolysis ability, ATP production, and lactic acid level in thyroid cancer cells had experienced an extensive decrease after KA treatment. In addition, lactic acid, the metabolite of glycolysis, could weaken the effect of KA on its colony formation ability in C643 thyroid cancer cell line. Our data also showed that KA kills thyroid cancer cells by inhibiting the MAPK/ERK pathway and decreasing Bcl-2 level. By contrast with the control group, the growth of xenograft tumor was dramatically inhibited by KA without obvious drug side effects. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that KA kills thyroid cancer cell lines by inhibiting their glycolysis ability, the MAPK/ERK pathway and the Bcl-2 level and suggest that KA has potential clinical value in thyroid cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Jing
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Yulin, 719000, Yulin, PR China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Yulin, 719000, Yulin, PR China
| | - Zhifei Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Yulin, 719000, Yulin, PR China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Yulin, 719000, Yulin, PR China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, PR China.
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Axonal Glycolytic Pathway Contributes to Sensory Axon Extension and Growth Cone Dynamics. J Neurosci 2021; 41:6637-6651. [PMID: 34252036 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0321-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the bioenergetics of axon extension and maintenance has wide ranging implications for neurodevelopment and disease states. Glycolysis is a pathway consisting of 10 enzymes and separated into preparatory and payoff phases, the latter producing ATP. Using embryonic chicken sensory neurons, we report that glycolytic enzymes are found through the axon and the growth cone. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis in the presence of NGF impairs axon extension and growth cone dynamics within minutes without affecting axon maintenance. Experiments using microfluidic chambers show that the effect of inhibiting glycolysis on axon extension is local along distal axons and can be reversed by promoting mitochondrial respiration. Knockdown of GAPDH simplifies growth cone morphology and is rescued by shRNA-resistant GAPDH expression. Rescue of GAPDH using KillerRed fused to GAPDH followed by localized chromophore-assisted light inactivation of KillerRed-GAPDH in distal axons halts growth cone dynamics. Considering filament polymerization requires ATP, inhibition of glycolysis results in a paradoxical increase in axonal actin filament levels. The effect on actin filaments is because of enzymes before GAPDH, the first enzyme in the payoff phase. In the absence of NGF, inhibition of glycolysis along distal axons results in axon degeneration independent of cell death. These data indicate that the glycolytic pathway is operative in distal axons and contributes to the rate of axon extension and growth cone dynamics in the presence of NGF and that, in the absence of NGF, the axonal glycolytic pathway is required for axon maintenance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Elucidation of the sources of ATP required for axon extension and maintenance has implications for understanding the mechanism of neuronal development and diseases of the nervous system. While recent work has emphasized the importance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the role of the glycolytic pathway in axon morphogenesis and maintenance remains minimally understood. The data reveal that the glycolytic pathway is required for normal sensory axon extension in the presence of NGF, while in the absence of NGF the glycolytic pathway is required for axon maintenance. The results have implications for the understanding of the bioenergetics of axon morphogenesis and plasticity and indicate that NGF has protective effects on sensory axon maintenance in hypoglycemic states.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cancer cell metabolic plasticity in migration and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2021; 38:343-359. [PMID: 34076787 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer metastasis in which cancer cells manipulate their metabolic profile to meet the dynamic energetic requirements of the tumor microenvironment. Though cancer cell proliferation and migration through the extracellular matrix are key steps of cancer progression, they are not necessarily fueled by the same metabolites and energy production pathways. The two main metabolic pathways cancer cells use to derive energy from glucose, glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, are preferentially and plastically utilized by cancer cells depending on both their intrinsic metabolic properties and their surrounding environment. Mechanical factors in the microenvironment, such as collagen density, pore size, and alignment, and biochemical factors, such as oxygen and glucose availability, have been shown to influence both cell migration and glucose metabolism. As cancer cells have been identified as preferentially utilizing glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation based on heterogeneous intrinsic or extrinsic factors, the relationship between cancer cell metabolism and metastatic potential is of recent interest. Here, we review current in vitro and in vivo findings in the context of cancer cell metabolism during migration and metastasis and extrapolate potential clinical applications of this work that could aid in diagnosing and tracking cancer progression in vivo by monitoring metabolism. We also review current progress in the development of a variety of metabolically targeted anti-metastatic drugs, both in clinical trials and approved for distribution, and highlight potential routes for incorporating our recent understanding of metabolic plasticity into therapeutic directions. By further understanding cancer cell energy production pathways and metabolic plasticity, more effective and successful clinical imaging and therapeutics can be developed to diagnose, target, and inhibit metastasis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang J, Peng L, Wang K, Huang C. Moonlighting Metabolic Enzymes in Cancer: New Perspectives on the Redox Code. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:979-1003. [PMID: 32631077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Metabolic reprogramming is considered to be a critical adaptive biological event that fulfills the energy and biomass demands for cancer cells. One hallmark of metabolic reprogramming is reduced oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Such metabolic abnormalities contribute to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the by-products of metabolic pathways. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS can in turn directly or indirectly affect the expression, activity, or subcellular localization of metabolic enzymes, contributing to the moonlighting functions outside of their primary roles. This review summarizes the multifunctions of metabolic enzymes and the involved redox modification patterns, which further reveal the inherent connection between metabolism and cellular redox state. Recent Advances: These noncanonical functions of metabolic enzymes involve the regulation of epigenetic modifications, gene transcription, post-translational modification, cellular antioxidant capacity, and many other fundamental cellular events. The multifunctional properties of metabolic enzymes further expand the metabolic dependencies of cancer cells, and confer cancer cells with a means of adapting to diverse environmental stimuli. Critical Issues: Deciphering the redox-manipulated mechanisms with specific emphasis on the moonlighting function of metabolic enzymes is important for clarifying the pertinence between metabolism and redox processes. Future Directions: Investigation of the redox-regulated moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes will shed new lights into the mechanism by which metabolic enzymes gain noncanonical functions, and yield new insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment by targeting metabolic-redox abnormalities. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 979-1003.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schiliro C, Firestein BL. Mechanisms of Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Cells Supporting Enhanced Growth and Proliferation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051056. [PMID: 33946927 PMCID: PMC8146072 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells alter metabolic processes to sustain their characteristic uncontrolled growth and proliferation. These metabolic alterations include (1) a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis to support the increased need for ATP, (2) increased glutaminolysis for NADPH regeneration, (3) altered flux through the pentose phosphate pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle for macromolecule generation, (4) increased lipid uptake, lipogenesis, and cholesterol synthesis, (5) upregulation of one-carbon metabolism for the production of ATP, NADH/NADPH, nucleotides, and glutathione, (6) altered amino acid metabolism, (7) metabolism-based regulation of apoptosis, and (8) the utilization of alternative substrates, such as lactate and acetate. Altered metabolic flux in cancer is controlled by tumor-host cell interactions, key oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and other regulatory molecules, including non-coding RNAs. Changes to metabolic pathways in cancer are dynamic, exhibit plasticity, and are often dependent on the type of tumor and the tumor microenvironment, leading in a shift of thought from the Warburg Effect and the “reverse Warburg Effect” to metabolic plasticity. Understanding the complex nature of altered flux through these multiple pathways in cancer cells can support the development of new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Schiliro
- Cell and Developmental Biology Graduate Program and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Bonnie L. Firestein
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-848-445-8045
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Galbiati A, Zana A, Conti P. Covalent inhibitors of GAPDH: From unspecific warheads to selective compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112740. [PMID: 32898762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeting glycolysis is an attractive approach for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, such as various tumors and parasitic infections. Due to its pivotal role in the glycolysis, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) represents a rate-limiting enzyme in those cells that mostly, or exclusively rely on this pathway for energy production. In this context, GAPDH inhibition can be a valuable approach for the development of anticancer and antiparasitic drugs. In addition to its glycolytic role, GAPDH possesses several moonlight functions, whose deregulation is involved in some pathological conditions. Covalent modification on different amino acids of GAPDH, in particular on cysteine residues, can lead to a modulation of the enzyme activity. The selectivity towards specific cysteine residues is essential to achieve a specific phenotypic effect. In this work we report an extensive overview of the latest advances on the numerous compounds able to inhibit GAPDH through the covalent binding to cysteine residues, ranging from endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics, which may serve as pharmacological tools to actual drug-like compounds with promising therapeutic perspectives. Furthermore, we focused on the potentialities of the different warheads, shedding light on the possibility to exploit a combination of a finely tuned electrophilic group with a well-designed recognition moiety. These findings can provide useful information for the rational design of novel covalent inhibitors of GAPDH, with the final goal to expand the current treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galbiati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Aureliano Zana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pillai SR, Damaghi M, Marunaka Y, Spugnini EP, Fais S, Gillies RJ. Causes, consequences, and therapy of tumors acidosis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:205-222. [PMID: 30911978 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
While cancer is commonly described as "a disease of the genes," it is also associated with massive metabolic reprogramming that is now accepted as a disease "Hallmark." This programming is complex and often involves metabolic cooperativity between cancer cells and their surrounding stroma. Indeed, there is emerging clinical evidence that interrupting a cancer's metabolic program can improve patients' outcomes. The most commonly observed and well-studied metabolic adaptation in cancers is the fermentation of glucose to lactic acid, even in the presence of oxygen, also known as "aerobic glycolysis" or the "Warburg Effect." Much has been written about the mechanisms of the Warburg effect, and this remains a topic of great debate. However, herein, we will focus on an important sequela of this metabolic program: the acidification of the tumor microenvironment. Rather than being an epiphenomenon, it is now appreciated that this acidosis is a key player in cancer somatic evolution and progression to malignancy. Adaptation to acidosis induces and selects for malignant behaviors, such as increased invasion and metastasis, chemoresistance, and inhibition of immune surveillance. However, the metabolic reprogramming that occurs during adaptation to acidosis also introduces therapeutic vulnerabilities. Thus, tumor acidosis is a relevant therapeutic target, and we describe herein four approaches to accomplish this: (1) neutralizing acid directly with buffers, (2) targeting metabolic vulnerabilities revealed by acidosis, (3) developing acid-activatable drugs and nanomedicines, and (4) inhibiting metabolic processes responsible for generating acids in the first place.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smitha R Pillai
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Mehdi Damaghi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Institute for Clinical Physiology, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | | | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Robert J Gillies
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li T, Tan X, Yang R, Miao Y, Zhang M, Xi Y, Guo R, Zheng M, Li B. Discovery of novel glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor via docking-based virtual screening. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103620. [PMID: 32028064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycolysis is enhanced in cancer cells. Cancer cells utilize glycolysis as their primary energy source, even under aerobic conditions. This is known as the Warburg effect. Thus, effective inhibition of the glycolytic pathway is a crucial component of cancer therapy. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an important enzyme in glycolysis and overexpresses in cancers. Therefore, targeting GAPDH to inhibit its role in glycolysis is important for GAPDH functional studies and the treatment of cancers. However, only a few GAPDH inhibitors have been reported. In our current study, we identified a GAPDH inhibitor, DC-5163, using docking-based virtual screening and biochemical and biophysical analysis. DC-5163 is a small molecule compound that inhibits GAPDH enzyme activity and cancer cell proliferation (normal cells were tolerant to it). It can inhibit glycolysis pathway partially, which was manifested by decreased glucose uptake and lactic acid production. And it also leaded to cell death through apoptotic pathways. This study reflects the pivotal role of GAPDH in cancer cells and demonstrates that DC-5163 is a useful inhibitor and can be of value in studying the role of GAPDH and the development of new clinical cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tan
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Huaxiazhong Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yun Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liberti MV, Allen AE, Ramesh V, Dai Z, Singleton KR, Guo Z, Liu JO, Wood KC, Locasale JW. Evolved resistance to partial GAPDH inhibition results in loss of the Warburg effect and in a different state of glycolysis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:111-124. [PMID: 31748414 PMCID: PMC6952593 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect (WE) is characterized by increased glucose uptake and incomplete oxidation to lactate. Although the WE is ubiquitous, its biological role remains controversial, and whether glucose metabolism is functionally different during fully oxidative glycolysis or during the WE is unknown. To investigate this question, here we evolved resistance to koningic acid (KA), a natural product that specifically inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a rate-controlling glycolytic enzyme, during the WE. We found that KA-resistant cells lose the WE but continue to conduct glycolysis and surprisingly remain dependent on glucose as a carbon source and also on central carbon metabolism. Consequently, this altered state of glycolysis led to differential metabolic activity and requirements, including emergent activities in and dependences on fatty acid metabolism. These findings reveal that aerobic glycolysis is a process functionally distinct from conventional glucose metabolism and leads to distinct metabolic requirements and biological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Liberti
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
| | - Annamarie E Allen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Vijyendra Ramesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Ziwei Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Katherine R Singleton
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Zufeng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Kris C Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hamed SR, Abdel-Azeem AM, Dar PM. Recent Advancements on the Role of Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Chaetomium. Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31612-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
|
18
|
Abdel-Wahab AF, Mahmoud W, Al-Harizy RM. Targeting glucose metabolism to suppress cancer progression: prospective of anti-glycolytic cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
19
|
Goto T, Ubukawa K, Kobayashi I, Sugawara K, Asanuma K, Sasaki Y, Guo YM, Takahashi N, Sawada K, Wakui H, Nunomura W. ATP produced by anaerobic glycolysis is essential for enucleation of human erythroblasts. Exp Hematol 2019; 72:14-26.e1. [PMID: 30797950 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
More than 2million human erythroblasts extrude their nuclei every second in bone marrow under hypoxic conditions (<7% O2). Enucleation requires specific signal transduction pathways and the local assembly of contractile actomyosin rings. However, the energy source driving these events has not yet been identified. We examined whether different O2 environments (hypoxic [5% O2] and normoxic [21% O2] conditions) affected human CD34+ cell erythroblast differentiation. We also investigated the regulatory mechanisms underlying energy production in erythroblasts during terminal differentiation under 5% or 21% O2 conditions. The results obtained revealed that the enucleation ratio and intracellular levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) M3H, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in erythroblasts during terminal differentiation were higher under the 5% O2 condition than under the 21% O2 condition. We also found that the enzymatic inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and LDH, key enzymes in anaerobic glycolysis, blocked the proliferation of colony-forming units-erythroid and enucleation of erythroblasts, and also reduced ATP levels in erythroblasts under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Under both conditions, phosphorylation of the Ser232, Ser293, and Ser300 residues in pyruvate dehydrogenase (inactive state of the enzyme) in erythroblasts was involved in regulating the pathway governing energy metabolism during erythroid terminal differentiation. This reaction may be mediated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) 4, the major PDK isozyme expressed in erythroblasts undergoing enucleation. Collectively, these results suggest that ATP produced by anaerobic glycolysis is the main source of energy for human erythroblast enucleation in the hypoxic bone marrow environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsufumi Goto
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kumi Ubukawa
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Isuzu Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kotomi Sugawara
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Ken Asanuma
- Division of Radio Isotope, Bioscience Education and Research Support Center, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Yumi Sasaki
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Yong-Mei Guo
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Wakui
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan.
| | - Wataru Nunomura
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan; Research Center for Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shinohara Y, Nishimura I, Koyama Y. Identification of a gene cluster for biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene antibiotic, heptelidic acid, in Aspergillus oryzae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:1506-1513. [PMID: 30466366 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1549934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Heptelidic acid (HA), a sesquiterpene lactone, is a known inhibitor of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Recently, we found that HA was produced by Aspergillus oryzae RIB40 and acted as the growth inhibitor of the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacteria in soy sauce brewing. Although several decades have passed since the discovery of HA, the genes involved in its biosynthesis and biosynthetic pathway have not yet been fully identified. In this study, we identified the HA biosynthetic gene cluster (HA cluster) using gene disruption and expression analysis. We also revealed that two transcription regulatory genes adjacent to the HA cluster were responsible for the expression of HA biosynthetic genes in A. oryzae. Interestingly, the HA cluster contained a gene encoding GAPDH (gpdB), which showed much higher resistance to HA than the GAPDH gene (gpdA) located at the other locus, but which did not seem to act as a self-resistant gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Shinohara
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Chiba Prefecture , Japan
| | - Ikuko Nishimura
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Chiba Prefecture , Japan
| | - Yasuji Koyama
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Chiba Prefecture , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Angelani CR, Carabias P, Cruz KM, Delfino JM, de Sautu M, Espelt MV, Ferreira-Gomes MS, Gómez GE, Mangialavori IC, Manzi M, Pignataro MF, Saffioti NA, Salvatierra Fréchou DM, Santos J, Schwarzbaum PJ. A metabolic control analysis approach to introduce the study of systems in biochemistry: the glycolytic pathway in the red blood cell. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION : A BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 46:502-515. [PMID: 30281891 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic control analysis (MCA) is a promising approach in biochemistry aimed at understanding processes in a quantitative fashion. Here the contribution of enzymes and transporters to the control of a given pathway flux and metabolite concentrations is determined and expressed quantitatively by means of numerical coefficients. Metabolic flux can be influenced by a wide variety of modulators acting on one or more metabolic steps along the pathway. We describe a laboratory exercise to study metabolic regulation of human erythrocytes (RBCs). Within the framework of MCA, students use these cells to determine the sensitivity of the glycolytic flux to two inhibitors (iodoacetic acid: IA, and iodoacetamide: IAA) known to act on the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase. Glycolytic flux was estimated by determining the concentration of extracellular lactate, the end product of RBC glycolysis. A low-cost colorimetric assay was implemented, that takes advantage of the straightforward quantification of the absorbance signal from the photographic image of the multi-well plate taken with a standard digital camera. Students estimate flux response coefficients for each inhibitor by fitting an empirical function to the experimental data, followed by analytical derivation of this function. IA and IAA exhibit qualitatively different patterns, which are thoroughly analyzed in terms of the physicochemical properties influencing their action on the target enzyme. IA causes highest glycolytic flux inhibition at lower concentration than IAA. This work illustrates the feasibility of using the MCA approach to study key variables of a simple metabolic system, in the context of an upper level biochemistry course. © 2018 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(5):502-515, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla R Angelani
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Carabias
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen M Cruz
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Delfino
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marilina de Sautu
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María V Espelt
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela S Ferreira-Gomes
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela E Gómez
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene C Mangialavori
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Malena Manzi
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Pignataro
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás A Saffioti
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damiana M Salvatierra Fréchou
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Santos
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Departamento de Química Biológica and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Chávez-Blanco A, Domínguez-Gómez G, Taja-Chayeb L, Morales-Barcenas R, Trejo-Becerril C, Perez-Cardenas E, Gonzalez-Fierro A, Dueñas-González A. Orlistat as a FASN inhibitor and multitargeted agent for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:475-489. [PMID: 29723075 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1471132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer cells have increased glycolysis and glutaminolysis. Their third feature is increased de novo lipogenesis. As such, fatty acid (FA) synthesis enzymes are over-expressed in cancer and their depletion causes antitumor effects. As fatty acid synthase (FASN) plays a pivotal role in this process, it is an attractive target for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This is a review of the lipogenic phenotype of cancer and how this phenomenon can be exploited for cancer therapy using inhibitors of FASN, with particular emphasis on orlistat as a repurposing drug. EXPERT OPINION Disease stabilization only has been observed with a highly selective FASN inhibitor used as a single agent in clinical trials. It is too early to say whether the absence of tumor responses other than stabilization results because even full inhibition of FASN is not enough to elicit antitumor responses. The FASN inhibitor orlistat is a 'dirty' drug with target-off actions upon at least seven targets with a proven role in tumor biology. The development of orlistat formulations suited for its intravenous administration is a step ahead to shed light on the concept that drug promiscuity can or not be a virtue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alma Chávez-Blanco
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| | | | - Lucia Taja-Chayeb
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Rocio Morales-Barcenas
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Perez-Cardenas
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Aurora Gonzalez-Fierro
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- b Unit of Biomedical Research in Cancer , Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia , Mexico City , Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nishimura I, Shinohara Y, Oguma T, Koyama Y. Survival strategy of the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacterium, Tetragenococcus halophilus, to counteract koji mold, Aspergillus oryzae, in soy sauce brewing. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1437-1443. [PMID: 29629630 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1460574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In soy sauce brewing, the results of the fermentation of lactic acid greatly affect the quality of soy sauce. The soy sauce moromi produced with Aspergillus oryzae RIB40 allows the growth of Tetragenococcus halophilus NBRC 12172 but not T. halophilus D10. We isolated and identified heptelidic acid (HA), an inhibitor of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), produced by A. oryzae RIB40 as the growth inhibitor of the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacteria. The growth inhibition of T. halophilus D10 by HA was suggested to be associated with the direct inhibition of GAPDH activity under high salt environment. The difference in the susceptibility to HA among various strains of T. halophilus was caused by the mutations in the gene encoding GAPDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Nishimura
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Oguma
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Japan
| | - Yasuji Koyama
- a Noda Institute for Scientific Research , Noda City , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mookerjee SA, Nicholls DG, Brand MD. Determining Maximum Glycolytic Capacity Using Extracellular Flux Measurements. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152016. [PMID: 27031845 PMCID: PMC4816457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurements of glycolytic rate and maximum glycolytic capacity using extracellular flux analysis can give crucial information about cell status and phenotype during normal operation, development of pathology, differentiation, and malignant transformation. They are also of great use when assessing the effects of chemical or drug treatments. Here, we experimentally define maximum glycolytic capacity, demonstrate how it differs from glycolytic rate, and provide a protocol for determining the basal glycolytic rate and maximum glycolytic capacity in cells using extracellular flux measurements. The results illustrate the power of extracellular flux analysis to describe the energetics of adherent cells in culture in a fully quantitative way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shona A. Mookerjee
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, 1310 Club Drive, Vallejo, California, 94592, United States of America
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, California, 94945, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - David G. Nicholls
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, California, 94945, United States of America
| | - Martin D. Brand
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, 1310 Club Drive, Vallejo, California, 94592, United States of America
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, California, 94945, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rahier NJ, Molinier N, Long C, Deshmukh SK, Kate AS, Ranadive P, Verekar SA, Jiotode M, Lavhale RR, Tokdar P, Balakrishnan A, Meignan S, Robichon C, Gomes B, Aussagues Y, Samson A, Sautel F, Bailly C. Anticancer activity of koningic acid and semisynthetic derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3712-21. [PMID: 25937235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A screening program aimed at discovering novel anticancer agents based on natural products led to the selection of koningic acid (KA), known as a potent inhibitor of glycolysis. A method was set up to produce this fungal sesquiterpene lactone in large quantities by fermentation, thus allowing (i) an extensive analysis of its anticancer potential in vitro and in vivo and (ii) the semi-synthesis of analogues to delineate structure-activity relationships. KA was characterized as a potent, but non-selective cytotoxic agent, active under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions and inactive in the A549 lung cancer xenograft model. According to our SAR, the acidic group could be replaced to keep bioactivity but an intact epoxide is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J Rahier
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France.
| | - Nicolas Molinier
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Christophe Long
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Sunil Kumar Deshmukh
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Prafull Ranadive
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Shilpa Amit Verekar
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Mangesh Jiotode
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Rahul R Lavhale
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Pradipta Tokdar
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Arun Balakrishnan
- Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
| | - Samuel Meignan
- Antitumoral Pharmacology Unit, Centre Oscar Lambret, Inserm U908, BP 307, 59020 Lille cedex, France
| | - Céline Robichon
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Bruno Gomes
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Yannick Aussagues
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Arnaud Samson
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - François Sautel
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France
| | - Christian Bailly
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Centre de Recherche et Développement, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13562, 31035 Toulouse cedex 1, France.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ooi AT, Gomperts BN. Molecular Pathways: Targeting Cellular Energy Metabolism in Cancer via Inhibition of SLC2A1 and LDHA. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2440-4. [PMID: 25838393 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism is widely accepted to be one of the main hallmarks of cancer. The aberrant expression pattern of key regulators in the glycolysis pathway in cancer cells corroborates with the hypothesis that most cancer cells utilize aerobic glycolysis as their main ATP production method instead of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Overexpression of SLC2A1 and LDHA, both important regulators of the glycolysis pathway, was detected in the premalignant lesions and tumors of lung cancer patients, suggesting the involvement of these proteins in early carcinogenesis and tumor progression in cancer. Preclinical studies demonstrated that inhibiting SLC2A1 or LDHA led to diminished tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. SLC2A1 and LDHA inhibitors, when administered in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, showed synergistic antitumor effects by resensitizing chemoresistant cancer cells to the chemotherapies. These results indicate that disrupting SLC2A1, LDHA, or other regulators in cancer cell energetics is a very promising approach for new targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aik T Ooi
- Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brigitte N Gomperts
- Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Pulmonary Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kee HJ, Cheong JH. Tumor bioenergetics: an emerging avenue for cancer metabolism targeted therapy. BMB Rep 2014; 47:158-66. [PMID: 24499670 PMCID: PMC4163877 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation is a delicately regulated process that couples growth signals and metabolic demands to produce daughter cells. Interestingly, the proliferation of tumor cells immensely depends on glycolysis, the Warburg effect, to ensure a sufficient amount of metabolic flux and bioenergetics for macromolecule synthesis and cell division. This unique metabolic derangement ould provide an opportunity for developing cancer therapeutic strategy, particularly when other diverse anti-cancer treatments have been proved ineffective in achieving durable response, largely due to the emergence of resistance. Recent advances in deeper understanding of cancer metabolism usher in new horizons of the next generation strategy for cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the focused review of cancer energy metabolism, and the therapeutic exploitation of glycolysis and OXPHOS as a novel anti-cancer strategy, with particular emphasis on the promise of this approach, among other cancer metabolism targeted therapies that reveal unexpected complexity and context-dependent metabolic adaptability, complicating the development of effective strategies. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(3): 158-166]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kee
- Departments of Biomedical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Departments of Surgery and; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Modulatory roles of glycolytic enzymes in cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:22-30. [PMID: 25034412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells depend on an altered energy metabolism characterized by increased rates of both glycolysis and glutaminolysis. Accordingly, corresponding key metabolic enzymes are overexpressed or hyperactivated. As a result, this newly acquired metabolic profile determines most other cancer hallmarks including resistance to cell death. Recent findings highlighted metabolic enzymes as direct modulators of cell death pathways. Conversely, key mediators of cell death mechanisms are emerging as new binding partners of glycolytic actors; moreover, there is evidence that metabolic regulators re-localize to specific subcellular compartments or organelles to modulate various types of cell demise. The final outcome is the resistance against cell death programs. Current findings give a new meaning to metabolic pathways and allow understanding how they affect cancer-specific pathological alterations. Furthermore, they shed light on potentially targetable functions of metabolic actors to restore susceptibility of cancer cells to death. Here, we discuss an emerging interplay between cell metabolism and cell death, focusing on interactions that may offer new options of targeted therapies in cancer treatment involving more specifically hexokinases and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Collapse
|
29
|
Marín-Hernández A, López-Ramírez SY, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Rodríguez-Enríquez S, Moreno-Sánchez R, Saavedra E. Systems Biology Approaches to Cancer Energy Metabolism. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF METABOLIC AND SIGNALING NETWORKS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-38505-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
30
|
C6-ceramide nanoliposomes target the Warburg effect in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84648. [PMID: 24367685 PMCID: PMC3868606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a sphingolipid metabolite that induces cancer cell death. When C6-ceramide is encapsulated in a nanoliposome bilayer formulation, cell death is selectively induced in tumor models. However, the mechanism underlying this selectivity is unknown. As most tumors exhibit a preferential switch to glycolysis, as described in the "Warburg effect", we hypothesize that ceramide nanoliposomes selectively target this glycolytic pathway in cancer. We utilize chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a cancer model, which has an increased dependency on glycolysis. In CLL cells, we demonstrate that C6-ceramide nanoliposomes, but not control nanoliposomes, induce caspase 3/7-independent necrotic cell death. Nanoliposomal ceramide inhibits both the RNA and protein expression of GAPDH, an enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, which is overexpressed in CLL. To confirm that ceramide targets GAPDH, we demonstrate that downregulation of GAPDH potentiates the decrease in ATP after ceramide treatment and exogenous pyruvate treatment as well as GAPDH overexpression partially rescues ceramide-induced necrosis. Finally, an in vivo murine model of CLL shows that nanoliposomal C6-ceramide treatment elicits tumor regression, concomitant with GAPDH downregulation. We conclude that selective inhibition of the glycolytic pathway in CLL cells with nanoliposomal C6-ceramide could potentially be an effective therapy for leukemia by targeting the Warburg effect.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Malignant cells exhibit metabolic changes, when compared to their normal counterparts, owing to both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Although such a metabolic rewiring has recently been indicated as yet another general hallmark of cancer, accumulating evidence suggests that the metabolic alterations of each neoplasm represent a molecular signature that intimately accompanies and allows for different facets of malignant transformation. During the past decade, targeting cancer metabolism has emerged as a promising strategy for the development of selective antineoplastic agents. Here, we discuss the intimate relationship between metabolism and malignancy, focusing on strategies through which this central aspect of tumour biology might be turned into cancer's Achilles heel.
Collapse
|
32
|
Dad A, Jeong CH, Pals JA, Wagner ED, Plewa MJ. Pyruvate remediation of cell stress and genotoxicity induced by haloacetic acid drinking water disinfection by-products. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:629-37. [PMID: 23893730 PMCID: PMC4014312 DOI: 10.1002/em.21795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Monohaloacetic acids (monoHAAs) are a major class of drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) and are cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. We propose a model of toxic action based on monoHAA-mediated inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a target cytosolic enzyme. This model predicts that GAPDH inhibition by the monoHAAs will lead to a severe reduction of cellular ATP levels and repress the generation of pyruvate. A loss of pyruvate will lead to mitochondrial stress and genomic DNA damage. We found a concentration-dependent reduction of ATP in Chinese hamster ovary cells after monoHAA treatment. ATP reduction per pmol monoHAA followed the pattern of iodoacetic acid (IAA) > bromoacetic acid (BAA) >> chloroacetic acid (CAA), which is the pattern of potency observed with many toxicological endpoints. Exogenous supplementation with pyruvate enhanced ATP levels and attenuated monoHAA-induced genomic DNA damage as measured with single cell gel electrophoresis. These data were highly correlated with the SN 2 alkylating potentials of the monoHAAs and with the induction of toxicity. The results from this study strongly support the hypothesis that GAPDH inhibition and the possible subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species is linked with the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity of these DBPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azra Dad
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Clara H. Jeong
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Justin A. Pals
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth D. Wagner
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Safe Global Water Institute and NSF Science and Technology, Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Michael J. Plewa
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Safe Global Water Institute and NSF Science and Technology, Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Correspondence to: Michael J. Plewa, 364 NSRL, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1101 W. Peabody Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ganapathy-Kanniappan S, Kunjithapatham R, Geschwind JF. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: a promising target for molecular therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2013; 3:940-53. [PMID: 22964488 PMCID: PMC3660062 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most highly lethal malignancies ranking as the third leading-cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although surgical resection and transplantation are effective curative therapies, very few patients qualify for such treatments due to the advanced stage of the disease at diagnosis. In this context, loco-regional therapies provide a viable therapeutic alternative with minimal systemic toxicity. However, as chemoresistance and tumor recurrence negatively impact the success of therapy resulting in poorer patient outcomes it is imperative to identify new molecular target(s) in cancer cells that could be effectively targeted by novel agents. Recent research has demonstrated that proliferation in HCC is associated with increased glucose metabolism. The glycolytic enzyme, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a multifunctional protein primarily recognized for its role in glucose metabolism, has already been shown to affect the proliferative potential of cancer cells. In human HCC, the increased expression of GAPDH is invariably associated with enhanced glycolytic capacity facilitating tumor progression. Though it is not yet known whether GAPDH up-regulation contributes to tumorigenesis sensu stricto, emerging evidence points to the existence of a link between GAPDH up-regulation and the promotion of survival mechanisms in cancer cells as well as chemoresistance. The involvement of GAPDH in several hepatocarcinogenic mechanisms (e.g. viral hepatitis, metabolic alterations) and its sensitivity to a new class of prospective anticancer agents prompted us to review the current understanding of the therapeutic potential of targeting GAPDH in HCC.
Collapse
|
34
|
GAPDH binds to active Akt, leading to Bcl-xL increase and escape from caspase-independent cell death. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:1043-54. [PMID: 23645209 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glucose catabolism and resistance to cell death are hallmarks of cancers, but the link between them remains elusive. Remarkably, under conditions where caspases are inhibited, the process of cell death is delayed but rarely blocked, leading to the occurrence of caspase-independent cell death (CICD). Escape from CICD is particularly relevant in the context of cancer as apoptosis inhibition only is often not sufficient to allow oncogenic transformation. While most glycolytic enzymes are overexpressed in tumors, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is of particular interest as it can allow cells to recover from CICD. Here, we show that GAPDH, but no other glycolytic enzymes tested, when overexpressed could bind to active Akt and limit its dephosphorylation. Active Akt prevents FoxO nuclear localization, which precludes Bcl-6 expression and leads to Bcl-xL overexpression. The GAPDH-dependent Bcl-xL overexpression is able to protect a subset of mitochondria from permeabilization that are required for cellular survival from CICD. Thus, our work suggests that GAPDH overexpression could induce Bcl-xL overexpression and protect cells from CICD-induced chemotherapy through preservation of intact mitochondria that may facilitate tumor survival and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Collapse
|
35
|
Granchi C, Minutolo F. Anticancer agents that counteract tumor glycolysis. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:1318-50. [PMID: 22684868 PMCID: PMC3516916 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Can we consider cancer to be a "metabolic disease"? Tumors are the result of a metabolic selection, forming tissues composed of heterogeneous cells that generally express an overactive metabolism as a common feature. In fact, cancer cells have increased needs for both energy and biosynthetic intermediates to support their growth and invasiveness. However, their high proliferation rate often generates regions that are insufficiently oxygenated. Therefore, their carbohydrate metabolism must rely mostly on a glycolytic process that is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation. This metabolic switch, also known as the Warburg effect, constitutes a fundamental adaptation of tumor cells to a relatively hostile environment, and supports the evolution of aggressive and metastatic phenotypes. As a result, tumor glycolysis may constitute an attractive target for cancer therapy. This approach has often raised concerns that antiglycolytic agents may cause serious side effects toward normal cells. The key to selective action against cancer cells can be found in their hyperbolic addiction to glycolysis, which may be exploited to generate new anticancer drugs with minimal toxicity. There is growing evidence to support many glycolytic enzymes and transporters as suitable candidate targets for cancer therapy. Herein we review some of the most relevant antiglycolytic agents that have been investigated thus far for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Granchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa (Italy)
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa (Italy)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nuclear retention of importin α coordinates cell fate through changes in gene expression. EMBO J 2011; 31:83-94. [PMID: 21964068 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cellular stresses including oxidative stress induce a collapse of the Ran gradient, which causes accumulation of importin α in the nucleus and a subsequent block of nuclear protein import. However, it is unknown whether accumulated importin α performs roles in the nucleus after its migration in response to stress. In this study, we found that nuclear-retained importin α2 binds with DNase I-sensitive nuclear component(s) and exhibits selective upregulation of mRNA encoding Serine/threonine kinase 35 (STK35) by microarray analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and promoter analysis demonstrated that importin α2 can access to the promoter region of STK35 and accelerate its transcription in response to hydrogen peroxide exposure. Furthermore, constitutive overexpression of STK35 proteins enhances caspase-independent cell death under oxidative stress conditions. These results collectively reveal that nuclear-localized importin α2 influences gene expression and contributes directly to cell fate outcomes including non-apoptotic cell death.
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Marín-Hernández A, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Rodríguez-Enríquez S, Encalada R, Moreno-Sánchez R, Saavedra E. Modeling cancer glycolysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:755-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
39
|
Colell A, Green DR, Ricci JE. Novel roles for GAPDH in cell death and carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16:1573-81. [PMID: 19779498 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence points to the fact that glucose metabolism has a central role in carcinogenesis. Among the enzymes controlling this energy production pathway, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is of particular interest. Initially identified as a glycolytic enzyme and considered as a housekeeping gene, this enzyme is actually tightly regulated and is involved in numerous cellular functions. Particularly intriguing are recent reports describing GAPDH as a regulator of cell death. However, its role in cell death is unclear; whereas some studies point toward a proapoptotic function, others describe a protective role and suggest its participation in tumor progression. In this study, we highlight recent findings and discuss potential mechanisms through which cells regulate GAPDH to fulfill its diverse functions to influence cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Esther Koplowitz, and CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, 08036-Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Fan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|