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Wang HH, Huang CR, Lin HC, Lin HA, Chen YJ, Tsai KJ, Shih CT, Huang KY, Ojcius DM, Tsai MH, Tseng KW, Chen LC. Magnesium-enriched deep-sea water inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and dampens inflammation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35136. [PMID: 39157306 PMCID: PMC11327587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is an essential component of the innate immune system, but excessive activation can lead to inflammatory diseases. Ion fluxes across the plasma membrane or from intracellular stores are known to regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Deep-sea water (DSW) contains high concentrations of many mineral ions, which could potentially influence NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, the impact of DSW on NLRP3 inflammasome activation has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that DSW with water hardness levels up to 500 mg/L did not affect cell viability or the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in macrophages derived from THP-1 cells. However, the DSW significantly inhibited IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation in response to NLRP3 activators such as nigericin, ATP, or monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Mechanically, it was discovered that the presence of 5 mM magnesium ions (Mg2+), equivalent to the Mg2+ concentration found in the DSW with a water hardness of 500 mg/L, inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This indicates that Mg2+ contributes to the mechanism by which DSW mitigates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, DSW administration effectively lessens MSU-triggered peritonitis in mice, a commonly used model for examining the impacts of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These results show that DSW enriched with Mg2+ could potentially be beneficial in modulating NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Hsiao Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ruei Huang
- Master Program in Biomedicine, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung County, China
- Biomedicine, Agriculture and Food Sciences Research Center, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung County, China
| | - Hsin-Chung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Lin
- Division of Infection, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital SongShan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 105, Taiwan
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 251, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 104, Taiwan
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Medical Application, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Jou Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 104, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Tien Shih
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA
| | - Ming-Hang Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital SongShan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 105, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Tseng
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Chyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
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Catalá TS, Speidel LG, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Dittmar T, Tasdemir D. Bioactivity profile of dissolved organic matter and its relation to molecular composition. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:32. [PMID: 37721596 PMCID: PMC10507005 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) occupies a huge and uncharted molecular space. Given its properties, DOM can be presented as a promising biotechnological resource. However, research into bioactivities of DOM is still in early stages. In this study, the biotechnological potential of terrestrial and marine DOM, its molecular composition and their relationships are investigated. Samples were screened for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antioxidant activities. Antibacterial activity was detected against Staphylococcus aureus in almost all DOM samples, with freshwater DOM showing the lowest IC50 values. Most samples also inhibited Staphylococcus epidermidis, and four DOM extracts showed up to fourfold higher potency than the reference drug. Antifungal activity was limited to only porewater DOM towards human dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. No significant in vitro anticancer activity was observed. Low antioxidant potential was exerted. The molecular characterization by FT-ICR MS allowed a broad compositional overview. Three main distinguished groups have been identified by PCoA analyses. Antibacterial activities are related to high aromaticity content and highly-unsaturated molecular formulae (O-poor). Antifungal effect is correlated with highly-unsaturated molecular formulae (O-rich). Antioxidant activity is positively related to the presence of double bonds and polyphenols. This study evidenced for the first time antibacterial and antifungal activity in DOM with potential applications in cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and aquaculture industry. The lack of cytotoxicity and the almost unlimited presence of this organic material may open new avenues in future marine bioprospecting efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa S Catalá
- Global Society Institute, Wälderhaus, Hamburg, Germany.
- Organization for Science, Education and Global Society gGmbH, Stuttgart, Germany.
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Linn G Speidel
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Geological Institute, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
- Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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Wu CC, Cheng YH, Chen KH, Chien CT. Deep Sea Water-Dissolved Organic Matter Intake Improves Hyperlipidemia and Inhibits Thrombus Formation and Vascular Inflammation in High-Fat Diet Hamsters. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:82. [PMID: 35054478 PMCID: PMC8778340 DOI: 10.3390/life12010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease caused by oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid deposition within liver cells, and is subsequently contributing to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Deep sea water (DSW) is characterized by its clearance and abundant nutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity to confer therapeutic potential. We aimed to explore the therapeutic capability of our prepared multi-filtration DSW-dissolved organic matter (DSW-DOM) on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and endothelial dysfunction in hamsters. A high-fat/high-cholesterol diet led to increased oxidative stress, including blood reactive oxygen species (ROS), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and hepatic CYP2E1 expression; an increased hyperlipidemic profile and SREBP 1-mediated fatty liver; promoted NFκB p65-mediated hepatic inflammation; triggered PARP-mediated hepatic apoptosis; and enhanced endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and von Willebrand factor (VWF)-mediated atherosclerosis associated with the depressed hepatic antioxidant Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) expression. The DSW-DOM-enriched 1295 fraction, with strong H2O2 scavenging activity, efficiently reduced several oxidative stress parameters, the lipid profile, inflammation, and apoptosis, possibly through the PON1-mediated antioxidant capability. Furthermore, DSW-DOM treatment significantly decreased the endothelial ICAM-1 and VWF expression, subsequently leading to the elongation of time to occlusion of FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis and to the inhibition of FeCl3-induced fluorescent platelet adhesion to mesentery arterioles in the high-fat diet. Based on the above results, our data suggest that DSW-DOM intake via antioxidant defense mechanisms confers protective effects against high-fat diet-enhanced, oxidative stress-mediated hyperlipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction evoked atherosclerosis by downregulating oxidative injury, lipogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Wu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Kuo-Hsin Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22056, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
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Lee CY, Lee CL. Comparison of the Improvement Effect of Deep Ocean Water with Different Mineral Composition on the High Fat Diet-Induced Blood Lipid and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Mouse Model. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051732. [PMID: 34065270 PMCID: PMC8160870 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated lipid droplets in liver cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Deep ocean water (DOW) containing high levels of magnesium, calcium, and potassium, etc. was proven to suppress hepatic lipid in obese rats fed high fat diet in the previous study. However, the effect of mineral compositions of DOW on the prevention of NAFLD is still unclear. This study removed calcium and potassium from DOW for modulating the mineral composition, and further compared the effects of DOW (D1(Mg + Ca + K)), DOW with low potassium (D2(Mg + Ca)), and DOW with low calcium and potassium (D3(Mg)) on the prevention of NAFLD in the mice model fed with high fat diet. In these results, DOW with high magnesium levels reduced serum and liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels and serum AST and ALT activities. However, when the calcium and/or potassium minerals were removed from DOW, the effects of reduction of triglyceride level, inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α) expressions, and activation of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities would be weaker. In conclusion, DOW including magnesium, calcium and potassium minerals has the strongest preventive effect on NAFLD in a mouse model by increasing the antioxidant system and inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis.
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Wei CY, Chen CY, Liao YH, Tsai YS, Huang CY, Chaunchaiyakul R, Higgins MF, Kuo CH. Deep Ocean Mineral Supplementation Enhances the Cerebral Hemodynamic Response during Exercise and Decreases Inflammation Postexercise in Men at Two Age Levels. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1016. [PMID: 29311955 PMCID: PMC5733072 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have consistently shown that oral supplementation of deep ocean minerals (DOM) improves vascular function in animals and enhances muscle power output in exercising humans. Purpose: To examine the effects of DOM supplementation on the cerebral hemodynamic response during physical exertion in young and middle-aged men. Design: Double-blind placebo-controlled crossover studies were conducted in young (N = 12, aged 21.2 ± 0.4 years) and middle-aged men (N = 9, aged 46.8 ± 1.4 years). The counter-balanced trials of DOM and Placebo were separated by a 2-week washout period. DOM and Placebo were orally supplemented in drinks before, during, and after cycling exercise. DOM comprises desalinated minerals and trace elements from seawater collected ~618 m below the earth's surface. Methods: Cerebral hemodynamic response (tissue hemoglobin) was measured during cycling at 75% VO2max using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Results: Cycling time to exhaustion at 75% VO2max and the associated plasma lactate response were similar between the Placebo and DOM trials for both age groups. In contrast, DOM significantly elevated cerebral hemoglobin levels in young men and, to a greater extent, in middle-aged men compared with Placebo. An increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was observed in middle-aged men, 2 h after exhaustive cycling, but was attenuated by DOM. Conclusion: Our data suggest that minerals and trace elements from deep oceans possess great promise in developing supplements to increase the cerebral hemodynamic response against a physical challenge and during post-exercise recovery for middle-aged men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yin Wei
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liao
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shen Tsai
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Matthew F Higgins
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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Refined Deep-Sea Water Suppresses Inflammatory Responses via the MAPK/AP-1 and NF-κB Signaling Pathway in LPS-Treated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112282. [PMID: 29088069 PMCID: PMC5713252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of inflammatory skin disease caused by genetics, immune system dysfunction, and environmental stresses. It is, however, still considered to be a refractory disease. Macrophages are inflammatory immune cells that infiltrate the skin and induce inflammation. We investigated the effect of refined deep-sea water (RDSW) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The results showed that RDSW suppressed the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Furthermore, nitric oxide, a product of iNOS, and prostaglandin (PG) D2 and PGE2, products of COX-2, were significantly inhibited by RDSW in a hardness-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that RDSW reversed the release of histamines and regressed the mRNA expressions and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, and vascular endothelial growth factor, in a hardness-dependent manner. We also found that the suppressive effect of RDSW on LPS-induced inflammatory responses was regulated by the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation, and ERK 1/2 and JNK 1/2 mediated the suppression of c-Jun and c-Fos expressions. In conclusion, the present investigation suggests the possibility that RDSW may be used to treat and/or prevent inflammatory diseases, including AD.
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Chun SY, Kim S, Nam KS. The inhibitory effects of deep-sea water on doxorubicin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ha BG, Park JE, Shon YH. Stimulatory Effect of Balanced Deep-Sea Water Containing Chitosan Oligosaccharides on Glucose Uptake in C2C12 Myotubes. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:475-484. [PMID: 27215753 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Deep-sea water (DSW) and chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) have recently drawn much attention because of their potential medical and pharmaceutical applications. Balanced DSW (BDSW) was prepared by mixing DSW mineral extracts and desalinated water. This study investigated the effects of BDSW, COS, and BDSW containing COS on glucose uptake and their mode of action in mature C2C12 myotubes. BDSW and COS increased glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner. BDSW containing COS synergistically increased glucose uptake; this was dependent on the activation of insulin receptor substrate 1 and protein kinase C in insulin-dependent signaling pathways as well as liver kinase B1, AMP-activated protein kinase, and mammalian target of rapamycin in insulin-independent signaling pathways. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expressions of the following genes related to glucose uptake were elevated: glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), insulin-responsive aminopeptidase, and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 for abundant proteins of GLUT4 storage vesicles (GSVs); syntaxin 4 and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein 23 for trafficking between the plasma membrane and GSVs; and syntaxin 6 and syntaxin 16 for trafficking between GSVs and the trans-Golgi network. Taken together, these results suggest BDSW containing COS has a greater stimulatory effect on glucose uptake than BDSW or COS alone. Moreover, this effect is mediated by the stimulation of diverse signaling pathways via the activation of main signaling molecules related to GSV trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Geun Ha
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 50 Samduk 2ga Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 50 Samduk 2ga Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Yun Hee Shon
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 50 Samduk 2ga Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea.
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LEE DOHYUNG, KIM SOYOUNG, NAM KYUNGSOO. Protective effects of deep sea water against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cardiac muscle cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:2569-75. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Deep-sea water containing selenium provides intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers through the upregulation of Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96006. [PMID: 24984066 PMCID: PMC4077573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep-sea water (DSW), which is rich in micronutrients and minerals and with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities, may be developed as marine drugs to provide intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers. We determined several characteristics in the modified DSW. We explored duodenal pressure, oxygenation, microvascular blood flow, and changes in pH and oxidative redox potential (ORP) values within the stomach and duodenum in response to tap water (TW, hardness: 2.48 ppm), DSW600 (hardness: 600 ppm), and DSW1200 (hardness: 1200 ppm) in Wistar rats and analyzed oxidative stress and apoptosis gene expressions by cDNA and RNA microarrays in the duodenal epithelium. We compared the effects of drinking DSW, MgCl2, and selenium water on duodenal ulcers using pathologic scoring, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blotting. Our results showed DSW has a higher pH value, lower ORP value, higher scavenging H2O2 and HOCl activity, higher Mg2+ concentrations, and micronutrients selenium compared with TW samples. Water infusion significantly increased intestinal pressure, O2 levels, and microvascular blood flow in DSW and TW groups. Microarray showed DSW600, DSW1200, selenium water upregulated antioxidant and anti-apoptotic genes and downregulated pro-apoptotic gene expression compared with the TW group. Drinking DSW600, DSW1200, and selenium water but not Mg2+ water significantly enhanced Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1 expression. Bax/Bcl-2/caspase 3/poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase signaling was activated during the pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration. DSW drinking reduced ulcer area as well as apoptotic signaling in acetic acid-induced duodenal ulcers. DSW, which contains selenium, provides intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers through the upregulation of Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1.
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Anti-diabetic effect of balanced deep-sea water and its mode of action in high-fat diet induced diabetic mice. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4193-212. [PMID: 24172214 PMCID: PMC3853723 DOI: 10.3390/md11114193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of balanced deep-sea water (BDSW) on hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice. BDSW was prepared by mixing deep-sea water (DSW) mineral extracts and desalinated water to give a final hardness of 500–2000. Mice given an HFD with BDSW showed lowered fasting plasma glucose levels compared to HFD-fed mice. Oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests showed that BDSW improves impaired glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. Histopathological evaluation of the pancreas showed that BDSW recovers the size of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, and increases the secretion of insulin and glucagon in HFD-fed mice. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results revealed that the expression of hepatic genes involved in glucogenesis, glycogenolysis and glucose oxidation were suppressed, while those in glucose uptake, β-oxidation, and glucose oxidation in muscle were increased in mice fed HFD with BDSW. BDSW increased AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 pre- and mature adipocytes and improved impaired AMPK phosphorylation in the muscles and livers of HFD-induced diabetic mice. BDSW stimulated phosphoinositol-3-kinase and AMPK pathway-mediated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Taken together, these results suggest that BDSW has potential as an anti-diabetic agent, given its ability to suppress hyperglycemia and improve glucose intolerance by increasing glucose uptake.
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KIM SOYOUNG, CHUN SOYOUNG, LEE DOHYUNG, LEE KYUSHIK, NAM KYUNGSOO. Mineral-enriched deep-sea water inhibits the metastatic potential of human breast cancer cell lines. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1691-700. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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13
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Hou CW, Tsai YS, Jean WH, Chen CY, Ivy JL, Huang CY, Kuo CH. Deep ocean mineral water accelerates recovery from physical fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2013; 10:7. [PMID: 23402436 PMCID: PMC3583772 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-10-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deep oceans have been suggested as a possible site where the origin of life occurred. Along with this theoretical lineage, experiments using components from deep ocean water to recreate life is underway. Here, we propose that if terrestrial organisms indeed evolved from deep oceans, supply of deep ocean mineral water (DOM) to humans, as a land creature, may replenish loss of molecular complexity associated with evolutionary sea-to-land migration. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover human study to evaluate the effect of DOM, taken from a depth of 662 meters off the coast of Hualien, Taiwan, on time of recovery from a fatiguing exercise conducted at 30°C. Results The fatiguing exercise protocol caused a protracted reduction in aerobic power (reduced VO2max) for 48 h. However, DOM supplementation resulted in complete recovery of aerobic power within 4 h (P < 0.05). Muscle power was also elevated above placebo levels within 24 h of recovery (P < 0.05). Increased circulating creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin, indicatives of exercise-induced muscle damage, were completely eliminated by DOM (P < 0.05) in parallel with attenuated oxidative damage (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our results provide compelling evidence that DOM contains soluble elements, which can increase human recovery following an exhaustive physical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wen Hou
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shen Tsai
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Horng Jean
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - John L Ivy
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Rich RL, Myszka DG. Survey of the 2009 commercial optical biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2012; 24:892-914. [PMID: 22038797 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We took a different approach to reviewing the commercial biosensor literature this year by inviting 22 biosensor users to serve as a review committee. They set the criteria for what to expect in a publication and ultimately decided to use a pass/fail system for selecting which papers to include in this year's reference list. Of the 1514 publications in 2009 that reported using commercially available optical biosensor technology, only 20% passed their cutoff. The most common criticism the reviewers had with the literature was that "the biosensor experiments could have been done better." They selected 10 papers to highlight good experimental technique, data presentation, and unique applications of the technology. This communal review process was educational for everyone involved and one we will not soon forget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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