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De Leon-Oliva D, Garcia-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Boaru DL, García-Puente L, Rios-Parra A, Garrido-Gil MJ, Casanova-Martín C, García-Honduvilla N, Bujan J, Guijarro LG, Alvarez-Mon M, Ortega MA. AIF1: Function and Connection with Inflammatory Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050694. [PMID: 37237507 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are a type of immune cell distributed throughout all tissues of an organism. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) is a calcium-binding protein linked to the activation of macrophages. AIF1 is a key intracellular signaling molecule that participates in phagocytosis, membrane ruffling and F-actin polymerization. Moreover, it has several cell type-specific functions. AIF1 plays important roles in the development of several diseases: kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases and neurological disorders, and in transplants. In this review, we present a comprehensive review of the known structure, functions and role of AIF1 in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-Puente
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rios-Parra
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Maria J Garrido-Gil
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Casanova-Martín
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
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Lai Y, Wang Y, Fan X, Zhao Y. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 stimulates inflammatory properties of peripheral blood leukocytes and increases cell viability via enhancing mitochondrial function in Ctenopharyngodon idellus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:412-418. [PMID: 35772678 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a 17 kDa calcium-binding protein associated with numerous inflammatory diseases. The full-length cDNA of AIF-1 has been identified in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus in our previous study, and it was assumed to be a novel molecule involved in immune responses. To clarify this aspect, the level of AIF-1 expression was amplified and reduced in grass carp peripheral blood leukocytes via transfection of vector pcDNA3.1-AIF1-EGFP and pLKO.1-shRNA-EGFP-puro, respectively. Thereafter, AIF-1 stimulated cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, which might benefit from improved mitochondrial function as evidenced by increased mitochondrial membrane potential, subsequently promoted ATP production. In addition, AIF-1 induced leukocyte migration via up-regulated monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1) secretion, enhanced neutral red uptake into leukocyte, provoked pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1β), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8) and suppressed anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL10) production. These results indicated AIF-1 played a critical role in grass carp innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Lai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Sichuan Province, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Sichuan Province, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xianyang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Sichuan Province, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yanying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Sichuan Province, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Allograft inflammatory factor-1 enhances inflammation and oxidative stress via the NF-κB pathway in diabetic kidney disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:63-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 in Metazoans: Focus on Invertebrates. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110355. [PMID: 33114451 PMCID: PMC7692721 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary During their life, all living organisms defend themselves from pathogens using complex strategies. Vertebrates and invertebrates share mechanisms and molecules that guarantee their overall bodily integrity. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a protein extensively studied in vertebrates, and especially in mammals. This factor, generally involved in inflammation events occurring upon pathogenic infection or tissue injury, is linked to several important human diseases. This review collects data on the presence and role of AIF-1 in invertebrates, which are still poorly investigated organisms. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis reveal that AIF-1 is conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates, suggesting similarity of functions. In some invertebrate species, the expression of AIF-1 increases considerably after a bacterial challenge, indicating that it plays a key role during the immune responses. This review highlights the importance of studying this protein in invertebrates as a way to improve our knowledge of innate immunity mechanisms and to better understand inflammatory regulation events in mammals. Abstract Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a calcium-binding scaffold/adaptor protein often associated with inflammatory diseases. Originally cloned from active macrophages in humans and rats, this gene has also been identified in other vertebrates and in several invertebrate species. Among metazoans, AIF-1 protein sequences remain relatively highly conserved. Generally, the highest expression levels of AIF-1 are observed in immunocytes, suggesting that it plays a key role in immunity. In mammals, the expression of AIF-1 has been reported in different cell types such as activated macrophages, microglial cells, and dendritic cells. Its main immunomodulatory role during the inflammatory response has been highlighted. Among invertebrates, AIF-1 is involved in innate immunity, being in many cases upregulated in response to biotic and physical challenges. AIF-1 transcripts result ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues from invertebrates, suggesting its participation in a variety of biological processes, but its role remains largely unknown. This review aims to present current knowledge on the role and modulation of AIF-1 and to highlight its function along the evolutionary scale.
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Han B, Jian Y, Xia X, Hu W, Zhang L, Zhou P. Studying the effects of sea cucumber ovum powder on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by proteomics techniques in a rat model. Food Funct 2020; 11:6139-6147. [PMID: 32573635 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00741b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sea cucumber is a valuable marine food that has antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity functionalities. Sea cucumber ovum (SCO) may contain functional components, however, it is considered to be a waste product during industrial processing. In order to make good use of SCO, this work investigated the effects of freeze-dried SCO powder on NAFLD, using a rat model, through iBT labeling proteomics techniques, tracking changes in the hepatic protein profiles of rats whose diets were supplemented with SCO powder. Male rats were fed with standard food, a high fat diet (HFD), or a HFD supplemented with 150 mg per kg BW or 450 mg per kg BW SCO powder for 6 weeks. Compared with the HFD, low-dose SCO supplementation in the diet could significantly reduce body weight gain and liver weight. Furthermore, in total, 5922 proteins were identified, and 767 proteins were found to be significantly different proteins (p < 0.05) among all four groups. Most of the significantly different proteins were related to apoptosis and lipid metabolism. Fadd, Dci, and Aif1 have been identified as key proteins in the pathways related to apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. The results in this study provide an overview of the SCO-induced changes in the liver proteome of NAFLD, which may help us to understand the molecular mechanism behind the effects of SCO on the alleviation of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Elizondo DM, Brandy NZ, da Silva RL, de Moura TR, Lipscomb MW. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 in myeloid cells drives autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. JCI Insight 2020; 5:136092. [PMID: 32434993 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) is a calcium-responsive cytoplasmic scaffold protein that directs hematopoiesis and immune responses within dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. Although the role of AIF1 in transplant rejection and rheumatoid arthritis has been explored, little is known about its role in type 1 diabetes. Here, we show that in vivo silencing of AIF1 in NOD mice restrained infiltration of immune cells into the pancreas and inhibited diabetes incidence. Analyses of FACS-sorted CD45neg nonleukocyte populations from resected pancreatic islets showed markedly higher expression of insulin in the AIF1-silenced groups. Evaluation of CD45+ leukocytes revealed diminished infiltration of effector T cells and DC in the absence of AIF1. Transcriptional profiling further revealed a marked decrease in cDC1 DC-associated genes CD103, BATF3, and IRF8, which are required for orchestrating polarized type 1 immunity. Reduced T cell numbers within the islets were observed, with concomitant lower levels of IFN-γ and T-bet in AIF1-silenced cohorts. In turn, there was a reciprocal increase in functionally suppressive pancreas-resident CD25+Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs. Taken together, results show that AIF1 expression in myeloid cells plays a pivotal role in promoting type 1 diabetes and that its suppression restrains insulitis by shifting the immune microenvironment toward tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Elizondo
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Ricardo L da Silva
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.,Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Tatiana R de Moura
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
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Parikh D, Riascos-Bernal DF, Egaña-Gorroño L, Jayakumar S, Almonte V, Chinnasamy P, Sibinga NES. Allograft inflammatory factor-1-like is not essential for age dependent weight gain or HFD-induced obesity and glucose insensitivity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3594. [PMID: 32107417 PMCID: PMC7046694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The allograft inflammatory factor (AIF) gene family consists of two identified paralogs – AIF1 and AIF1-like (AIF1L). The encoded proteins, AIF1 and AIF1L, are 80% similar in sequence and show conserved tertiary structure. While studies in human populations suggest links between AIF1 and metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, such associations with AIF1L have not been reported. Drawing parallels based on structural similarity, we postulated that AIF1L might contribute to metabolic disorders, and studied it using mouse models. Here we report that AIF1L is expressed in major adipose depots and kidney but was not detectable in liver or skeletal muscle; in notable contrast to AIF1, AIF1L was also not found in spleen. Studies of AIF1L deficient mice showed no obvious postnatal developmental phenotype. In response to high fat diet (HFD) feeding for 6 or 18 weeks, WT and AIF1L deficient mice gained weight similarly, showed no differences in fat or lean mass accumulation, and displayed no changes in energy expenditure or systemic glucose handling. These findings indicate that AIF1L is not essential for the development of obesity or impaired glucose handling due to HFD, and advance understanding of this little-studied gene and its place in the AIF gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dippal Parikh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA.,Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Vanessa Almonte
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA.
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Cano-Martínez D, Monserrat J, Hernández-Breijo B, Sanmartín Salinas P, Álvarez-Mon M, Val Toledo-Lobo M, Guijarro LG. Extracellular allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) potentiates Th1 cell differentiation and inhibits Treg response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal subjects. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:91-100. [PMID: 32057519 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We identified the presence of AIF-1 (allograft inflammatory factor-1) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from normal subjects by immunocytological methods. After isolation of different types of mononuclear cells by FACS (Fluorescence-activated cell sorting) with >95% purity, we studied the transcript levels of AIF-1 using qPCR. We observed the following order of AIF-1 mRNA expression in mononuclear cells: T-lymphocytes ˃ Monocytes ˃ B-lymphocytes ˃ NK. After T cell expansion of isolated PBMCs using anti-CD3-CD28 magnetic beads (Dynabeads®), AIF-1 increased intracellularly in the presence of brefeldin A; this finding, along with an increase in the medium in the absence of the drug, suggests that AIF-1 is processed in the Golgi apparatus and may be secreted extracellularly. In another set of experiments, interleukin-12 and anti-interleukin-4 were added to PBMCs during T cell expansion to promote Th1 polarization and to inhibit Th2 differentiation. In this case, the presence of 6 nM of rhAIF-1 (recombinant human AIF-1) increased the mRNA expression of interferon-ϒ and interleukin-2. In the same set of experiments, the incubation of PBMCs with rhAIF-1 (6 nM) promoted the decrease of mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β, along with the decrease of CD25 and Foxp3 proteins. Furthermore, extracellular rhAIF-1 (6 nM) increased the survival of naive and effector T cells during Th1 polarization by inhibition of apoptosis, without causing changes in cell cycle rate and in retinoblastoma-cyclin-dependent kinase (Rb-CDK) activation. Taken together, rhAIF-1 treatment of PBMCs potentiates Th1 response and inhibits functionally suppressive CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg, which suggests an important immunomodulatory role in governing T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cano-Martínez
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBEREHD), Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Borja Hernández-Breijo
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBEREHD), Spain
| | - Patricia Sanmartín Salinas
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBEREHD), Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - M Val Toledo-Lobo
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Unit of Cell Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBEREHD), Spain.
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Role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in pathogenesis of diseases. Immunol Lett 2019; 218:1-4. [PMID: 31830499 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a 17 kDa calcium-binding protein produced by monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes; its synthesis is induced by INF-γ. The AIF-1 gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6p21.3, surrounded by surface glycoprotein genes and complement cascade protein genes as well as TNF-α, TNF-β, and NF-κB genes. Increased expression of AIF-1 was observed in several diseases, including endometriosis, breast cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibrosis. In this review, we summarise the role of AIF-1 in allograft rejection and the pathogenesis of diseases.
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Zhou Y, Li X, Yuan X, Hao L. Role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress in primary peritoneal mesothelial cells. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:495-505. [PMID: 30761680 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is often used to treat patients with end stage renal disease, and its long-term complications include excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1), as a cytoplasmic protein, is originally identified from infiltrating macrophages, and it was associated with inflammation in the cells other than macrophages, such as endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of AIF-1-modulated pathological changes in the peritoneum during PD, we first detected the AIF-1 expression in peritoneal tissues from PD mice. Results revealed that the pro-fibrotic stimulation caused AIF-1 upregulation and triggered inflammation in peritoneal tissues, and that AIF-1 co-expressed with pan-cytokeratin (a marker of peritoneal mesothelial cells). We next treated primary mouse peritoneal mesothelial cells (pan-cytokeratin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 positive cells) with 50 or 100 ng/mL recombinant AIF-1, and evaluated the direct effects of AIF-1 on these cells in vitro. We found that exogenous AIF-1 treatment induced inflammation and oxidative stress in mesothelial cells. Apart from the augmented IL-6 and TNF-α secretion, the level of ROS was upregulated and the activity of anti-oxidative SOD was reduced in cells exposed to AIF-1. Moreover, AIF-1 simulation triggered the activation of NF-κB pathway-enhanced the conversion of IκB to phosphorylated IκB and promoted the translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm into nucleus. Additionally, AIF-1-evoked inflammation in peritoneal mesothelial cells was attenuated by the addition of NF-κB inhibitor (BAY 11-7082). In brief, this study provides us novel information to understand the molecular regulation mechanisms of AIF-1 in peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Background Inflammation is a major player in breast cancer (BC) progression. Allograft-inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) is a crucial mediator in the inflammatory response. AIF1 reportedly plays a role in BC, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. We identified two AIF1 isoforms, AIF1v1 and AIF1v3, which were differentially expressed between affected and unaffected sisters from families with high risk of BC with no deleterious BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations (BRCAX). We investigated potential functions of AIFv1/v3 in BC of varying severity and breast adipose tissue by evaluating their expression, and association with metabolic and clinical parameters of BC patients. Methods AIF1v1/v3 expression was determined in BC tissues and cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR. Potential roles and mechanisms were examined in the microenvironment (fibroblasts, adipose tissue, monocytes and macrophages), inflammatory response (cell reaction in BC subgroups), and metabolism [treatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]. Association of AIF1 transcript expression with clinical factors was determined by Spearman’s rank correlation. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to characterize transcripts. Results AIF1v1/v3 were mostly expressed in the less severe BC samples, and their expression appeared to originate from the tumor microenvironment. AIF1 isoforms had different expression rates and sources in breast adipose tissue; lymphocytes mostly expressed AIF1v1 while activated macrophages mainly expressed AIF1v3. Bioinformatics analysis revealed major structural differences suggesting distinct functions in BC progression. Lymphocytes were the most infiltrating cells in breast tumors and their number correlated with AIF1v1 adipose expression. Furthermore, DHA supplementation significantly lowered the expression of AIF1 isoforms in BRCAX cell lines. Finally, the expression of AIF1 isoforms in BC and breast adipose tissue correlated with clinical parameters of BC patients. Conclusions Results strongly suggest that AIF1v1 as much as AIF1v3 play a major role in the crosstalk between BC and infiltrating immune cells mediating tumor progression, implying their high potential as target molecules for BC diagnostic, prognostication and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0663-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhao YY, Lin YQ, Xu YO. Functional Identification of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-Like Gene in Luning Chicken. Anim Biotechnol 2018; 29:234-240. [PMID: 29035136 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1369096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is an inflammation-related protein mainly produced by immune cells, such as monocyte/macrophages and activated T lymphocytes. It is essential for the survival and proinflammatory activity of immune cells. However, the function of AIF-1 in chicken still has not been defined. In the present study, AIF-1-like (AIF1L) gene was identified in Luning chicken. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the molecular weight of the chicken AIF-1 protein was 16290.8 Da. AIF1L contained a Ca2+ binding EF hand and could interact with actin filament. Its transcript was found in all tested tissues including spleen, brain, heart, kidney, liver, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, lung, and a relative low-level expression was detected in leg muscle. Furthermore, AIF1L expression in peripheral blood lymphocyte was depressed in a dose-dependent manner with cadmium exposure and peripheral blood lymphocyte viability decrease displayed a similar pattern with AIF1L expression. The results indicated that newly identified chicken AIF1L might be associated with lymphocyte viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Zhao
- a College of Life Science and Technology , Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qiu Lin
- a College of Life Science and Technology , Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ou Xu
- a College of Life Science and Technology , Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu , P. R. China
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艾 晓, 姚 芳, 王 晓, 段 东, 李 科, 胡 子, 殷 果, 王 梅, 吴 炳. [Role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in regulating the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:511-519. [PMID: 29891445 PMCID: PMC6743897 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS The expression levels of AIF-1 in 70 CRC tissues and paired adjacent tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, and the correlation of AIF-1 expression with the clinicopathological features of the patients was analyzed. In the CRC cell line SW480, the functional role of AIF-1 in regulating tumor progression was investigated by transfecting the cells with an AIF-1-overexpressing plasmid (AIF-1) and a negative control plasmid (NC). EdU proliferation assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the cell proliferation and cell cycle changes; Transwell migration assay and Annexin V-APC/7-AAD apoptosis assay kit were used to analyze the cell migration and apoptosis. The changes in the biological behaviors of the cells were observed after application of SB203580 to block the p38 MAPK pathway. The expression levels of CDK4, cyclin D1, P21, P27, MMP2, MMP9, Bax, Bcl2, Bcl-xl, p38 and p-p38 were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS AIF-1 was down-regulated in CRC tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues, and its expression level was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.008), TNM stage (P=0.003) and tumor size (P=0.023). Overexpression of AIF-1 in SW480 cells significantly reduced EdU-positive cells and caused obvious cell cycle arrest in G1 phase (P<0.05). AIF-1 overexpression resulted in significantly lowered protein expressions of CDK4 and cyclin D1, enhanced expressions of P21 and P27, attenuated cell migration ability (P<0.001), and decreased protein levels of MMP2 and MMP9. AIF-1 overexpression also induced obvious apoptosis of SW480 cells (P<0.01), significantly increased the protein levels of Bax and p-p38, and decreased the protein levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl; SB203580 significantly attenuated the apoptosis-inducing effect of AIF-1 overexpression. CONCLUSION AIF-1 plays the role of a tumor suppressor in CRC by inhibiting cell proliferation, suppressing cell migration and inducing cell apoptosis. AIF-1 overexpression promotes the apoptosis of CRC cells by activating the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓兰 艾
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 芳 姚
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 晓睛 王
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 东北 段
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 科 李
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 子有 胡
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 果 殷
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 梅 王
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 炳义 吴
- />南方医科大学南方医院临床医学实验研究中心,广东 广州 510515Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Hui Q, Zhang L, Yang X, Yu B, Huang Z, Pang S, Zhou Q, Yang R, Li W, Hu L, Li X, Cao G, Wang X. Higher Biostability of rh-aFGF-Carbomer 940 Hydrogel and Its Effect on Wound Healing in a Diabetic Rat Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1661-1668. [PMID: 33445322 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are excellent drug delivery carriers with excellent ductility. Here, we report the design of a higher biostability of a recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) carbomer hydrogel formulation. To verify the optimality of this formula, we prepared various prescriptions and tested the resulting physical properties including micromorphology, long-term stability, accelerated stability, and destructive test. Furthermore, the efficacy for promoting wound healing in full-thickness injury and scald wound diabetic rat models was explored. We found that rh-aFGF-carbomer hydrogel had good physical properties. It was stable for 24 months at 5 ± 3 °C, and for 6 months at 25 ± 3 °C. In vivo, the rh-aFGF-carbomer 940 hydrogel achieved a remarkable promotion of skin wound healing in diabetic rats with full-thickness injuries or scald wounds. Our data suggest that rh-aFGF-carbomer hydrogel may have applications for the treatment of diabetic ulcers combined with other wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hui
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | | | - Xuanxin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bingjie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shucai Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qingde Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Rongshuai Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lufeng Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Gaozhong Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Zhao Y, Li R, Lin Y. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 in grass carp (Ctenopharynogodon idella): Expression and response to cadmium exposure. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:444-449. [PMID: 26334790 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF-1) is an inflammation responsive protein that is mainly produced by immunocytes. As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, AIF-1 is a key moderator in host immune defense reaction. However, the inflammatory properties of AIF-1 in freshwater fish still hasn't been clearly elucidated. In the present study, AIF-1 was identified from grass carp (Ctenopharynogodon idella). It's transcript was found in all examined tissues including brain, spleen, kidney, liver, heart, while a relative low level in red muscle, gill, thymus, white muscle, intestine and fin. Furthermore, AIF-1 transcription and expression level decreased in spleen and didn't change a lot in kidney with cadmium induction, respectively. The result indicated that grass carp AIF-1 might be involved in cadmium-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Reproductive Laboratory, Chengdu Woman Children Central Hospital, Chengdu, PR China; Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Pre-clinic and Forensic Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Zhao YY, Yan DJ, Chen ZW. Role of AIF-1 in the regulation of inflammatory activation and diverse disease processes. Cell Immunol 2013; 284:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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