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Mathisen AF, Larsen U, Kavli N, Unger L, Daian LM, Vacaru AM, Vacaru AM, Herrera PL, Ghila L, Chera S. Moderate beta-cell ablation triggers synergic compensatory mechanisms even in the absence of overt metabolic disruption. Commun Biol 2024; 7:833. [PMID: 38982170 PMCID: PMC11233560 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Regeneration, the ability to replace injured tissues and organs, is a phenomenon commonly associated with lower vertebrates but is also observed in mammals, in specific tissues. In this study, we investigated the regenerative potential of pancreatic islets following moderate beta-cell loss in mice. Using a rapid model of moderate ablation, we observed a compensatory response characterized by transient inflammation and proliferation signatures, ultimately leading to the recovery of beta-cell identity and function. Interestingly, this proliferative response occurred independently of inflammation, as demonstrated in ablated immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, exposure to high-fat diet stimulated beta-cell proliferation but negatively impacted beta-cell function. In contrast, an equivalent slower ablation model revealed a delayed but similar proliferative response, suggesting proliferation as a common regenerative response. However, high-fat diet failed to promote proliferation in this model, indicating a differential response to metabolic stressors. Overall, our findings shed light on the complex interplay between beta-cell loss, inflammation, and stress in modulating pancreatic islet regeneration. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies based on beta-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Frøslev Mathisen
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ulrik Larsen
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Natalie Kavli
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lucas Unger
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Maria Daian
- BetaUpreg Research Group, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Mircea Vacaru
- BetaUpreg Research Group, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Vacaru
- BetaUpreg Research Group, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pedro Luis Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luiza Ghila
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simona Chera
- Mohn Research Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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2
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Fu Q, Qian Y, Jiang H, He Y, Dai H, Chen Y, Xia Z, Liang Y, Zhou Y, Gao R, Zheng S, Lv H, Sun M, Xu K, Yang T. Genetic lineage tracing identifies adaptive mechanisms of pancreatic islet β cells in various mouse models of diabetes with distinct age of initiation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:504-517. [PMID: 37930473 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compensate for the shortage of insulin, but the exact mechanism needs to be defined. High-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) treatment are well-established models to study islet damage in T2D and T1D respectively. Therefore, we applied these two diabetic mouse models, triggered at different ages, to pursue the cell fate transition of islet β cells. Cre-LoxP systems were used to generate islet cell type-specific (α, β, or δ) green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled mice for genetic lineage tracing, thereinto β-cell GFP-labeled mice were tamoxifen induced. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the evolutionary trajectories and molecular mechanisms of the GFP-labeled β cells in STZ-treated mice. STZ-induced diabetes caused extensive dedifferentiation of β cells and some of which transdifferentiated into a or δ cells in both youth- and adulthood-initiated mice while this phenomenon was barely observed in HFD models. β cells in HFD mice were expanded via self-replication rather than via transdifferentiation from α or δ cells, in contrast, α or δ cells were induced to transdifferentiate into β cells in STZ-treated mice (both youth- and adulthood-initiated). In addition to the re-dedifferentiation of β cells, it is also highly likely that these "α or δ" cells transdifferentiated from pre-existing β cells could also re-trans-differentiate into insulin-producing β cells and be beneficial to islet recovery. The analysis of ScRNA-seq revealed that several pathways including mitochondrial function, chromatin modification, and remodeling are crucial in the dynamic transition of β cells. Our findings shed light on how islet β cells overcome the deficit of insulin and the molecular mechanism of islet recovery in T1D and T2D pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hemin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yunqiang He
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yucheng Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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3
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Doke M, Álvarez-Cubela S, Klein D, Altilio I, Schulz J, Mateus Gonçalves L, Almaça J, Fraker CA, Pugliese A, Ricordi C, Qadir MMF, Pastori RL, Domínguez-Bendala J. Dynamic scRNA-seq of live human pancreatic slices reveals functional endocrine cell neogenesis through an intermediate ducto-acinar stage. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1944-1960.e7. [PMID: 37898119 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Human pancreatic plasticity is implied from multiple single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies. However, these have been invariably based on static datasets from which fate trajectories can only be inferred using pseudotemporal estimations. Furthermore, the analysis of isolated islets has resulted in a drastic underrepresentation of other cell types, hindering our ability to interrogate exocrine-endocrine interactions. The long-term culture of human pancreatic slices (HPSs) has presented the field with an opportunity to dynamically track tissue plasticity at the single-cell level. Combining datasets from same-donor HPSs at different time points, with or without a known regenerative stimulus (BMP signaling), led to integrated single-cell datasets storing true temporal or treatment-dependent information. This integration revealed population shifts consistent with ductal progenitor activation, blurring of ductal/acinar boundaries, formation of ducto-acinar-endocrine differentiation axes, and detection of transitional insulin-producing cells. This study provides the first longitudinal scRNA-seq analysis of whole human pancreatic tissue, confirming its plasticity in a dynamic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Doke
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Silvia Álvarez-Cubela
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dagmar Klein
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Isabella Altilio
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joseph Schulz
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Luciana Mateus Gonçalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Christopher A Fraker
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alberto Pugliese
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Mirza M F Qadir
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ricardo L Pastori
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Juan Domínguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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4
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Dos Santos C, Rafacho A, Ferreira SM, Vettorazzi JF, Dos Reis Araújo T, Mateus Gonçalves L, Ruhrmann S, Bacos K, Ling C, Boschero AC, Jorge Dos Santos G. Excess of glucocorticoids during late gestation impairs the recovery of offspring's β-cell function after a postnatal injury. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21828. [PMID: 34325494 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100841r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Since prenatal glucocorticoids (GC) excess increases the risk of metabolic dysfunctions in the offspring and its effect on β-cell recovery capacity remains unknown we investigated these aspects in offspring from mice treated with dexamethasone (DEX) in the late pregnancy. Half of the pups were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) on the sixth postnatal day (PN). Functional and molecular analyses were performed in male offspring on PN25 and PN225. Prenatal DEX treatment resulted in low birth weight. At PN25, both the STZ-treated offspring developed hyperglycemia and had lower β-cell mass, in parallel with higher α-cell mass and glucose intolerance, with no impact of prenatal DEX on such parameters. At PN225, the β-cell mass was partially recovered in the STZ-treated mice, but they remained glucose-intolerant, irrespective of being insulin sensitive. Prenatal exposition to DEX predisposed adult offspring to sustained hyperglycemia and perturbed islet function (lower insulin and higher glucagon response to glucose) in parallel with exacerbated glucose intolerance. β-cell-specific knockdown of the Hnf4α in mice from the DS group resulted in exacerbated glucose intolerance. We conclude that high GC exposure during the prenatal period exacerbates the metabolic dysfunctions in adult life of mice exposed to STZ early in life, resulting in a lesser ability to recover the islets' function over time. This study alerts to the importance of proper management of exogenous GCs during pregnancy and a healthy postnatal lifestyle since the combination of adverse factors during the prenatal and postnatal period accentuates the predisposition to metabolic disorders in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Ferreira
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Dos Reis Araújo
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Mateus Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Ruhrmann
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karl Bacos
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Antônio Carlos Boschero
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Ramirez-Hernandez G, Adan-Castro E, Diaz-Lezama N, Ruiz-Herrera X, Martinez de la Escalera G, Macotela Y, Clapp C. Global Deletion of the Prolactin Receptor Aggravates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:619696. [PMID: 33746901 PMCID: PMC7973366 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.619696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) levels are reduced in the circulation of rats with diabetes or obesity, and lower circulating levels of PRL correlate with increased prevalence of diabetes and a higher risk of metabolic alterations in the clinic. Furthermore, PRL stimulates β-cell proliferation, survival, and insulin production and pregnant mice lacking PRL receptors in β-cells develop gestational diabetes. To investigate the protective effect of endogenous PRL against diabetes outside pregnancy, we compared the number of cases and severity of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia between C57BL/6 mice null for the PRL receptor gene (Prlr-/- ) and wild-type mice (Prlr+/+ ). STZ-treated diabetic Prlr-/- mice showed a higher number of cases and later recovery from hyperglycemia, exacerbated glucose levels, and glucose intolerance compared to the Prlr+/+ mice counterparts. Consistent with the worsening of hyperglycemia, pancreatic islet density, β-cell number, proliferation, and survival, as well as circulating insulin levels were reduced, whereas α-cell number and pancreatic inflammation were increased in the absence of PRL signaling. Deletion of the PRL receptor did not alter the metabolic parameters in vehicle-treated animals. We conclude that PRL protects whole body glucose homeostasis by reducing β-cell loss and pancreatic inflammation in STZ-induced diabetes. Medications elevating PRL circulating levels may prove to be beneficial in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Clapp
- *Correspondence: Carmen Clapp, ; Yazmin Macotela,
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6
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Sakano D, Inoue A, Enomoto T, Imasaka M, Okada S, Yokota M, Koike M, Araki K, Kume S. Insulin2 Q104del (Kuma) mutant mice develop diabetes with dominant inheritance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12187. [PMID: 32699230 PMCID: PMC7376009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin gene mutations have been identified to cause monogenic diabetes, and most of which developed permanent neonatal diabetes at young ages before 6 months of age in humans. To establish an animal model of permanent diabetes, we performed genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We generated a novel Kuma mutant mice with p.Q104del in the Insulin2 (Ins2) gene in a BRJ background that exhibits a severe immune deficiency. Kuma mutant mice are non-obese and developed hyperglycemia from 3 weeks after birth in both males and females, which are inherited in a dominant mode. Kuma mutant mice displayed reduced insulin protein levels from 3-weeks-old, which seem to be caused by the low stability of the mutant insulin protein. Kuma mutant showed a reduction in islet size and islet mass. Electron microscopic analysis revealed a marked decrease in the number and size of insulin granules in the beta-cells of the mutant mice. Hyperglycemia of the mutant can be rescued by insulin administration. Our results present a novel insulin mutation that causes permanent early-onset diabetes, which provides a model useful for islet transplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sakano
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Airi Inoue
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mai Imasaka
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Chuo-Ku, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Retroviral Infection, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Yokota
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Chuo-Ku, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
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7
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In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Diabetes: A Focus on Pregnancy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1307:553-576. [PMID: 32504388 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of poor outcomes, both for the mother and her offspring. Although clinical and epidemiological studies are invaluable to assess these outcomes and the effectiveness of potential treatments, there are certain ethical and practical limitations to what can be assessed in human studies.Thus, both in vivo and in vitro models can aid us in the understanding of the mechanisms behind these complications and, in the long run, towards their prevention and treatment. This review summarizes the existing animal and cell models used to mimic diabetes, with a specific focus on the intrauterine environment. Summary of this review.
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Zhang D, Yu YJ, Xu FS, Yuan JH, Wang R, Zhang CS, Wang LX, Liu Y, Song LM, Liu JL, Dong J. Recombinant betatrophin (Angptl‑8/lipasin) ameliorates streptozotocin‑induced hyperglycemia and β‑cell destruction in neonatal rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4523-4532. [PMID: 31702044 PMCID: PMC6797976 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Betatrophin [also known as lipasin, angiopoietin‑like 8 (ANGPTL8), refeeding induced in fat and liver (RIFL), or hepatocellular carcinoma‑associated gene TD26], a 22‑kDa protein in the angiopoietin‑like family, is a liver‑derived hormone that promotes pancreatic β‑cell proliferation and lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of recombinant betatrophin on β‑cell regeneration in a neonatal streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced diabetic rat model. One‑day‑old Wistar rats were injected with STZ (100 mg/kg), followed by intraperitoneal administration of betatrophin to the STZ‑injected rats for 6 days. Plasma glucose and body weight were monitored. On days 4 and 7, expression levels of pancreatic duodenal homeobox gene‑1 (PDX‑1), the Bax/B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2) ratio and plasma insulin were assessed, and the β‑cell proliferation rate was determined. Pancreatic islet area and number were determined at 10 weeks. It was found that betatrophin treatment alleviated STZ‑induced hyperglycemia, elevated pancreatic expression levels of Bcl‑2, PDX‑1, plasma insulin levels and the β‑cell proliferation rate on days 4 and 7. Long‑term betatrophin treatment improved glucose tolerance, associated with improved plasma insulin levels and β‑cell mass. These results suggest that early administration of betatrophin promotes β‑cell proliferation in STZ‑induced diabetic neonates and prevents the development of diabetes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Juan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454150, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Sen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hua Yuan
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Shun Zhang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Xin Wang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Song
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Jing Dong
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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9
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Zhong F, Jiang Y. Endogenous Pancreatic β Cell Regeneration: A Potential Strategy for the Recovery of β Cell Deficiency in Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:101. [PMID: 30842756 PMCID: PMC6391341 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous pancreatic β cell regeneration is a potential strategy for β cell expansion or neogenesis to treat diabetes. Regeneration can occur through stimulation of existing β cell replication or conversion of other pancreatic cells into β cells. Recently, various strategies and approaches for stimulation of endogenous β cell regeneration have been evaluated, but they were not suitable for clinical application. In this paper, we comprehensively review these strategies, and further discuss various factors involved in regulation of β cell regeneration under physiological or pathological conditions, such as mediators, transcription factors, signaling pathways, and potential pharmaceutical drugs. Furthermore, we discuss possible reasons for the failure of regenerative medicines in clinical trials, and possible strategies for improving β cell regeneration. As β cell heterogeneity and plasticity determines their function and environmental adaptability, we focus on β cell subtype markers and discuss the importance of research evaluating the characteristics of new β cells. In addition, based on the autoimmunologic features of type 1 diabetes, NOD/Lt-SCID-IL2rg null (NSG) mice grafted with human immune cells and β cells are recommended for use in evaluation of antidiabetic regenerative medicines. This review will further understand current advances in endogenous β cell regeneration, and provide potential new strategies for the treatment of diabetes focused on cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Barragán-Bonilla MI, Mendoza-Bello JM, Aguilera P, Parra-Rojas I, Illades-Aguiar B, Ramírez M, Espinoza-Rojo M. Combined Administration of Streptozotocin and Sucrose Accelerates the Appearance of Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms in Rats. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:3791061. [PMID: 31355292 PMCID: PMC6637680 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3791061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a disease with a high global prevalence, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, and changes in body weight. Animal models have been very useful for the study of this disease and to search for new therapeutic targets that delay, attenuate, or avoid diabetic complications. The purpose of this work was to establish a model of type 2 diabetes and exhibit the majority of the characteristics of the disease. Two-day-old male and female Wistar rats were treated once with streptozotocin (70 or 90 mg/kg body weight). After weaning, they were given a sucrose-sweetened beverage (SSB; sucrose at 10 or 30%) during 7 or 11 weeks; their body weight and food intake were measured daily. With the rats at 14 weeks of age, we determined the following: (a) fasting blood glucose, (b) oral glucose tolerance, and (c) insulin tolerance. We found that the supplementation of sucrose at 10% for 7 weeks in male rats which had previously been given streptozotocin (70 mg/kg) at neonatal stage leads to the appearance of the signs and symptoms of the characteristic of type 2 diabetes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Isela Barragán-Bonilla
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39090, Mexico
| | - Juan Miguel Mendoza-Bello
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39090, Mexico
| | - Penélope Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Obesidad y Diabetes de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39090, Mexico
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39090, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ramírez
- CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Javier Méndez Aponte No. 1, Fracc. Servidor Agrario, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39070, Mexico
| | - Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro. 39090, Mexico
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11
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Barrière DA, Noll C, Roussy G, Lizotte F, Kessai A, Kirby K, Belleville K, Beaudet N, Longpré JM, Carpentier AC, Geraldes P, Sarret P. Combination of high-fat/high-fructose diet and low-dose streptozotocin to model long-term type-2 diabetes complications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:424. [PMID: 29323186 PMCID: PMC5765114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is fueled by added fructose consumption. Here, we thus combined high-fat/high-fructose diet, with multiple low-dose injections of streptozotocin (HF/HF/Stz) to emulate the long-term complications of T2DM. HF/HF/Stz rats, monitored over 56 weeks, exhibited metabolic dysfunctions associated with the different stages of the T2DM disease progression in humans: an early prediabetic phase characterized by an hyperinsulinemic period with modest dysglycemia, followed by a late stage of T2DM with frank hyperglycemia, normalization of insulinemia, marked dyslipidemia, hepatic fibrosis and pancreatic β-cell failure. Histopathological analyses combined to [18F]-FDG PET imaging further demonstrated the presence of several end-organ long-term complications, including reduction in myocardial glucose utilization, renal dysfunction as well as microvascular neuropathy and retinopathy. We also provide for the first time a comprehensive µ-PET whole brain imaging of the changes in glucose metabolic activity within discrete cerebral regions in HF/HF/Stz diabetic rats. Altogether, we developed and characterized a unique non-genetic preclinical model of T2DM adapted to the current diet and lifestyle that recapitulates the major metabolic features of the disease progression, from insulin resistance to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and closely mimicking the target-organ damage occurring in type 2 diabetic patients at advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- David André Barrière
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Christophe Noll
- Département de Médecine, Service d'Endocrinologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Roussy
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Farah Lizotte
- Département de Médecine, Service d'Endocrinologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Anissa Kessai
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Karyn Kirby
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Belleville
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Beaudet
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - André C Carpentier
- Département de Médecine, Service d'Endocrinologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Pedro Geraldes
- Département de Médecine, Service d'Endocrinologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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12
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Antidiabetic activity of two aqueous extracts of two cucurbitaceae: Citrullus colocynthis and Bryonia dioica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10298-016-1050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Cigliola V, Thorel F, Chera S, Herrera PL. Stress-induced adaptive islet cell identity changes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18 Suppl 1:87-96. [PMID: 27615136 PMCID: PMC5021189 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The different forms of diabetes mellitus differ in their pathogenesis but, ultimately, they are all characterized by progressive islet β-cell loss. Restoring the β-cell mass is therefore a major goal for future therapeutic approaches. The number of β-cells found at birth is determined by proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells, and it has been considered to remain mostly unchanged throughout adult life. Recent studies in mice have revealed an unexpected plasticity in islet endocrine cells in response to stress; under certain conditions, islet non-β-cells have the potential to reprogram into insulin producers, thus contributing to restore the β-cell mass. Here, we discuss the latest findings on pancreas and islet cell plasticity upon physiological, pathological and experimental conditions of stress. Understanding the mechanisms involved in cell reprogramming in these models will allow the development of new strategies for the treatment of diabetes, by exploiting the intrinsic regeneration capacity of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cigliola
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), and Centre facultaire du diabète, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Thorel
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), and Centre facultaire du diabète, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Chera
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - P L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), and Centre facultaire du diabète, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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14
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Omori H, Ogaki S, Sakano D, Sato M, Umeda K, Takeda N, Nakagata N, Kume S. Changes in expression of C2cd4c in pancreatic endocrine cells during pancreatic development. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2584-93. [PMID: 27349930 PMCID: PMC5129588 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
C2cd4c, encoded by a gene belonging to the C2cd4 family, contains a C2 domain conserved across species and is localized to the cytoplasm. To examine the role of C2cd4c in the pancreas, we studied its localization and generated C2cd4c knockout (KO) mice. C2cd4c was expressed in pancreatic endocrine progenitors at early embryonic stages. When endocrine cells arise from their precursors, C2cd4c is gradually confined to the insulin‐ and pancreatic polypeptide‐expressing cells of the endocrine. In the adult pancreas, C2cd4c is restricted to the beta cells. C2cd4c KO mice showed normal embryonic pancreatic development and adult pancreatic function. Thus, our results suggest that C2cd4c is dispensable for pancreatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayoshi Omori
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogaki
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Sato
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Kahoko Umeda
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan.,HIGO program, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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15
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Dopamine D2 Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Pancreatic β Cell Mass. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:95-109. [PMID: 27373926 PMCID: PMC4944721 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate β cell mass and proliferation is important for the treatment of diabetes. Here, we identified domperidone (DPD), a dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) antagonist that enhances β cell mass. Over time, islet β cell loss occurs in dissociation cultures, and this was inhibited by DPD. DPD increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of β cells through increasing intracellular cAMP. DPD prevented β cell dedifferentiation, which together highly contributed to the increased β cell mass. DRD2 knockdown phenocopied the effects of domperidone and increased the number of β cells. Drd2 overexpression sensitized the dopamine responsiveness of β cells and increased apoptosis. Further analysis revealed that the adenosine agonist 5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, a previously identified promoter of β cell proliferation, acted with DPD to increase the number of β cells. In humans, dopamine also modulates β cell mass through DRD2 and exerts an inhibitory effect on adenosine signaling. Dopamine inhibits dedifferentiation and proliferation, and promotes apoptosis of β cells Dopamine confers its action through binding to DRD2 and decreasing cAMP Dopamine-DRD2 signal also functions through interaction with adenosine-ADORA2A signal Dopamine-DRD2-cAMP signal is a potential target for β cell regeneration
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16
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de Loura Santana C, de Fátima Teixeira Silva D, Deana AM, Prates RA, Souza AP, Gomes MT, de Azevedo Sampaio BP, Shibuya JF, Bussadori SK, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Fernandes KPS, França CM. Tissue responses to postoperative laser therapy in diabetic rats submitted to excisional wounds. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122042. [PMID: 25909480 PMCID: PMC4409316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study about low-level laser therapy biomodulation on a full-thickness burn model we showed that single and fractionated dose regimens increased wound healing and leukocyte influx similarly when compared with untreated control. In order to verify if this finding would be similar in an impaired wound model, we investigated the effect of single and multiple irradiations on wound closure rate, type of inflammatory infiltrate, myofibroblasts, collagen deposition, and optical retardation of collagen in diabetic rats. Female Wistar rats in the same estrous cycle had diabetes induced with streptozotocin and an 8-mm excisional wound performed with a punch. The experimental groups were: control group--untreated ulcer; single-dose group--ulcer submitted to single dose of diode laser therapy (λ = 660 ± 2 nm; P = 30 mW; energy density: 4 J/cm2) and fractionated-dose group--ulcer submitted to 1 J/cm2 laser therapy on Days 1, 3, 8, and 10. The ulcers were photographed on the experimental days and after euthanasia tissue samples were routinely processed for histological and immunohistochemistry analyses. Independently of the energy density, laser therapy accelerated wound closure by approximately 40% in the first three days in comparison to the control group. Laser therapy increased acute inflammatory infiltrate until Day 3. Both laser groups exhibited more myofibroblasts and better collagen organization than the control group. The findings demonstrate that low-level laser therapy in the immediate postoperative period can enhance the tissue repair process in a diabetes model. Similar effects were achieved with laser therapy applied a single time with an energy density of 4 J/cm2 and applied four times with an energy density of 1 J/cm2. The application of laser therapy in the inflammatory phase was the most important factor to the enhancement of the tissue repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano de Loura Santana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Fátima Teixeira Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Araujo Prates
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pires Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Teixeira Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Josiane Ferraretto Shibuya
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Miranda França
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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17
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Tseng HL, Yang SC, Yang SH, Shieh KR. Hepatic circadian-clock system altered by insulin resistance, diabetes and insulin sensitizer in mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120380. [PMID: 25799429 PMCID: PMC4370469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are intrinsic rhythms that are coordinated with the rotation of the Earth and are also generated by a set of circadian-clock genes at the intracellular level. Growing evidence suggests a strong link between circadian rhythms and energy metabolism; however, the fundamental mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, neonatal streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice were used to model the molecular and physiological progress from insulin resistance to diabetes. Two-day-old male C57BL/6 mice received a single injection of STZ and were tested for non-obese, hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic conditions in the early stage, insulin resistance in the middle stage, and diabetes in the late stage. Gene expression levels of the hepatic circadian-clock system were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. Most of the components of the hepatic circadian-clock gene expression system, such as the mRNAs of Bmal1 (brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1), Per2 (period 2) and Cry1 (cryptochrome 1), were elevated, and circadian patterns were retained in the early and middle stages of insulin-resistant conditions. The insulin sensitizer, rosiglitazone, returns the physiological and molecular changes associated with the diabetic phenotype to normal levels through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) rather than PPARα. Early and chronic treatment with rosiglitazone has been shown to be effective to counter the diabetic condition. Over time, this effect acts to attenuate the increased gene expression levels of the hepatic circadian-clock system and delay the severity of diabetic conditions. Together, these results support an essential role for the hepatic circadian-clock system in the coordinated regulation and/or response of metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling Tseng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Yang
- General Education Center, Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Yang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ruey Shieh
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Hyperglycemia and hepatic tumors in ICR mice neonatally injected with streptozotocin. Lab Anim (NY) 2014; 43:242-9. [PMID: 24945225 DOI: 10.1038/laban.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Repeated, low-dose administration of streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used to induce insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in mice. The authors adapted this method using neonatal mice and determined the long-term effects of STZ injection in the mice. After receiving intraperitoneal injections of STZ at postnatal day 3 (P3), P4 and P8, male and female mice were hyperglycemic by week 4. A clear sex difference was found, with blood glucose levels in STZ-treated males remaining higher than those in STZ-treated females until week 23. Whereas STZ-treated males remained hyperglycemic until week 23, STZ-treated females did not have significantly higher glucose levels than control mice after week 18. Additionally, STZ-treated mice had neoplastic lesions in their livers by week 4, with a progression in the severity of these lesions until week 24. The results confirm that, in addition to pancreatic beta cell toxicity, STZ has an oncogenic effect on the liver when administered to neonates.
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19
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Ariza L, Pagès G, García-Lareu B, Cobianchi S, Otaegui PJ, Ruberte J, Chillón M, Navarro X, Bosch A. Experimental diabetes in neonatal mice induces early peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Neuroscience 2014; 274:250-9. [PMID: 24846610 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of diabetes do not reach the severity of human diabetic neuropathy but relatively mild neurophysiological deficits and minor morphometric changes. The lack of degenerative neuropathy in diabetic rodent models seems to be a consequence of the shorter length of the axons or the shorter animal life span. Diabetes-induced demyelination needs many weeks or even months before it can be evident by morphometrical analysis. In mice myelination of the peripheral nervous system starts at the prenatal period and it is complete several days after birth. Here we induced experimental diabetes to neonatal mice and we evaluated its effect on the peripheral nerve 4 and 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Neurophysiological values showed a decline in sensory nerve conduction velocity at both time-points. Morphometrical analysis of the tibial nerve demonstrated a decrease in the number of myelinated fibers, fiber size and myelin thickness at both time-points studied. Moreover, aldose reductase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activities were increased even if the amount of the enzyme was not affected. Thus, type 1 diabetes in newborn mice induces early peripheral neuropathy and may be a good model to assay pharmacological or gene therapy strategies to treat diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ariza
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Pagès
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B García-Lareu
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Cobianchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - P J Otaegui
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Chillón
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - A Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Kikawa K, Sakano D, Shiraki N, Tsuyama T, Kume K, Endo F, Kume S. Beneficial effect of insulin treatment on islet transplantation outcomes in Akita mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95451. [PMID: 24743240 PMCID: PMC3990632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising potential therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. The outcome of islet transplantation depends on the transplantation of a sufficient amount of β-cell mass. However, the initial loss of islets after transplantation is problematic. We hypothesized the hyperglycemic status of the recipient may negatively affect graft survival. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effect of insulin treatment on islet transplantation involving a suboptimal amount of islets in Akita mice, which is a diabetes model mouse with an Insulin 2 gene missense mutation. Fifty islets were transplanted under the left kidney capsule of the recipient mouse with or without insulin treatment. For insulin treatment, sustained-release insulin implants were implanted subcutaneously into recipient mice 2 weeks before transplantation and maintained for 4 weeks. Islet transplantation without insulin treatment did not reverse hyperglycemia. In contrast, the group that received transplants in combination with insulin treatment exhibited improved fasting blood glucose levels until 18 weeks after transplantation, even after insulin treatment was discontinued. The group that underwent islet transplantation in combination with insulin treatment had better glucose tolerance than the group that did not undergo insulin treatment. Insulin treatment improved graft survival from the acute phase (i.e., 1 day after transplantation) to the chronic phase (i.e., 18 weeks after transplantation). Islet apoptosis increased with increasing glucose concentration in the medium or blood in both the in vitro culture and in vivo transplantation experiments. Expression profile analysis of grafts indicated that genes related to immune response, chemotaxis, and inflammatory response were specifically upregulated when islets were transplanted into mice with hyperglycemia compared to those with normoglycemia. Thus, the results demonstrate that insulin treatment protects islets from the initial rapid loss that is usually observed after transplantation and positively affects the outcome of islet transplantation in Akita mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Kikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Endo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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