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Kurniawan DA, Leo S, Inamatsu M, Funaoka S, Aihara T, Aiko M, Rei I, Sakura T, Arakawa H, Kato Y, Matsugi T, Esashika K, Shiraki N, Kume S, Shinha K, Kimura H, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. Gut-liver microphysiological systems revealed potential crosstalk mechanism modulating drug metabolism. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgae070. [PMID: 38384383 PMCID: PMC10879850 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The small intestine and liver play important role in determining oral drug's fate. Both organs are also interconnected through enterohepatic circulation, which imply there are crosstalk through circulating factors such as signaling molecules or metabolites that may affect drug metabolism. Coculture of hepatocytes and intestinal cells have shown to increase hepatic drug metabolism, yet its crosstalk mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we aim to elucidate such crosstalk by coculturing primary human hepatocytes harvested from chimeric mouse (PXB-cells) and iPSc-derived intestinal cells in a microphysiological systems (MPS). Perfusion and direct oxygenation from the MPS were chosen and confirmed to be suitable features that enhanced PXB-cells albumin secretion, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes activity while also maintaining barrier integrity of iPSc-derived intestine cells. Results from RNA-sequencing showed significant upregulation in gene ontology terms related to fatty acids metabolism in PXB-cells. One of such fatty acids, arachidonic acid, enhanced several CYP enzyme activity in similar manner as coculture. From the current evidences, it is speculated that the release of bile acids from PXB-cells acted as stimuli for iPSc-derived intestine cells to release lipoprotein which was ultimately taken by PXB-cells and enhanced CYP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas Agung Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Sylvia Leo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Inamatsu
- PhoenixBio Co. Ltd., Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | | | | | - Mizuno Aiko
- Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd., Tokyo 140-0002, Japan
| | - Inoue Rei
- Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd., Tokyo 140-0002, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | | | | | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kenta Shinha
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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2
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Ouchi K, Isono K, Ohya Y, Shiraki N, Tasaki M, Inomata Y, Ueda M, Era T, Kume S, Ando Y, Jono H. Characterization of heterozygous ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24590. [PMID: 38312695 PMCID: PMC10835262 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) is autosomal dominant and caused by mutation of TTR gene. Heterozygous ATTR Tyr114Cys (p.Tyr134Cys) amyloidosis is a lethal disease with a life expectancy of about 10 years after onset of the disease. However, the molecular pathogenesis of ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis is still largely unknown. In this study, we took advantage of disease-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and generated & characterized the heterozygous ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis-specific iPS cells (Y114C iPS cells), to determine whether Y114C iPS cells could be useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis. We successfully differentiated heterozygous Y114C iPS cells into hepatocyte like cells (HLCs) mainly producing TTR protein. On day 27 after differentiation, the expression of hepatocyte maker albumin was detected, and TTR expression was significantly increased in HLCs differentiated from Y114C iPS cells. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that both WT TTR & ATTR Y114C protein were indeed expressed in the HLCs differentiated from Y114C iPS cells. Notably, the number of detected peptides derived from ATTR Y114C protein was lower than that of WT TTR protein, indeed indicating the clinical phenotype of ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis. Taken together, we first reported the heterozygous Y114C iPS cells generated from patient with ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis, and suggested that Y114C iPS cells could be a potential pathological tool, which may contribute to elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of heterozygous ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Ouchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kaori Isono
- Department of Transplantation and Paediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohya
- Department of Transplantation and Paediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kumamoto Rosai Hospital, 1670 Takehara-cho, Yatsushiro City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 866-0826, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Inomata
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kumamoto Rosai Hospital, 1670 Takehara-cho, Yatsushiro City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 866-0826, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takumi Era
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Amyloidosis Research, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch Cho, Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture, 859-3298, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Jono
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, 860-8556, Japan
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3
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Hiyoshi N, Enomoto T, Uefune F, Kato Y, Wu Y, Araki K, Sakano D, Shiraki N, Kume S. A specific plasma amino acid profile in the Insulin2 Q104del Kuma mice at the diabetic state and reversal from hyperglycemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:58-65. [PMID: 37673003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabolites in the plasma serve as potential biomarkers of disease. We previously established an early-onset diabetes mouse model, Ins2+/Q104del Kuma mice, under a severe immune-deficient (Rag-2/Jak3 double-deficient in BALB/c) background. Here, we revealed the differences in plasma amino acid profiles between Kuma and the wild-type mice. We observed an early reduction in glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids, a late increase in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and succinyl CoA-related amino acids, and a trend of increasing ketogenic amino acids in Kuma mice than in the wild-type mice. Kuma mice exhibited hyperglucagonemia at high blood glucose, leading to perturbations in plasma amino acid profiles. The reversal of blood glucose by islet transplantation normalized the increases of the BCAAs and several aspects of the altered metabolic profiles in Kuma mice. Our results indicate that the Kuma mice are a unique animal model to study the link between plasma amino acid profile and the progression of diabetes for monitoring the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Hiyoshi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Fumiya Uefune
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yumeng Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ku, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ku, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
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Leo S, Kato Y, Wu Y, Yokota M, Koike M, Yui S, Tsuchiya K, Shiraki N, Kume S. The Effect of Vitamin D3 and Valproic Acid on the Maturation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Enterocyte-Like Cells. Stem Cells 2023; 41:775-791. [PMID: 37228023 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is involved in first-pass metabolism in the small intestine and is heavily implicated in oral drug bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. We previously reported that vitamin D3 (VD3), a known CYP enzyme inducer, induces functional maturation of iPSC-derived enterocyte-like cells (iPSC-ent). Here, we identified a Notch activator and CYP modulator valproic acid (VPA), as a promotor for the maturation of iPSC-ent. We performed bulk RNA sequencing to investigate the changes in gene expression during the differentiation and maturation periods of these cells. VPA potentiated gene expression of key enterocyte markers ALPI, FABP2, and transporters such as SULT1B1. RNA-sequencing analysis further elucidated several function-related pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism, significantly upregulated by VPA when combined with VD3. Particularly, VPA treatment in tandem with VD3 significantly upregulated key regulators of enterohepatic circulation, such as FGF19, apical bile acid transporter SLCO1A2 and basolateral bile acid transporters SLC51A and SLC51B. To sum up, we could ascertain the genetic profile of our iPSC-ent cells to be specialized toward fatty acid absorption and metabolism instead of transporting other nutrients, such as amino acids, with the addition of VD3 and VPA in tandem. Together, these results suggest the possible application of VPA-treated iPSC-ent for modelling enterohepatic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Leo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumeng Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Yokota
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Yui
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Helena GA, Watanabe T, Kato Y, Shiraki N, Kume S. Activation of cAMP (EPAC2) signaling pathway promotes hepatocyte attachment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12352. [PMID: 37524826 PMCID: PMC10390557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Human Hepatocyte (PHH) remains undefeated as the gold standard in hepatic studies. Despite its valuable properties, partial attachment loss due to the extraction process and cryopreservation remained the main hurdle in its application. We hypothesized that we could overcome the loss of PHH cell attachment through thawing protocol adjustment and medium composition. We reported a novel use of a medium designed for iPSC-derived hepatocytes, increasing PHH attachment on the collagen matrix. Delving further into the medium composition, we discovered that removing BSA and exposure to cAMP activators such as IBMX and Forskolin benefit PHH attachment. We found that activating EPAC2, the cAMP downstream effector, by S-220 significantly increased PHH attachment. We also found that EPAC2 activation induced bile canaliculi formation in iPS-derived hepatocytes. Combining these factors in studies involving PHH or iPS-hepatocyte culture provides promising means to improve cell attachment and maintenance of hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Aprilia Helena
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Watanabe
- Life Science Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 21 Suzukawa, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1146, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
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6
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Tokuma H, Sakano D, Tanabe K, Tanizawa Y, Shiraki N, Kume S. Selective proteasome degradation of C-terminally-truncated human WFS1 in pancreatic beta cells. FEBS Open Bio 2023. [PMID: 37440664 PMCID: PMC10392043 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolfram Syndrome is a monogenic disease mainly caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene. Mutations in the WFS1 gene give rise to diabetes. Here, we characterized mutant WFS1 proteins by studying the stability of full-length wild-type WFS1, a missense mutant P724L, and two C-terminally truncated mutants, W837X and Y652X. We compared their stability by overexpressing them in MIN6 and HEK293T cells. The C-terminally truncated mutants W837X and Y652X are degraded more rapidly than the missense P724L mutant or wild-type WFS1 in MIN6 cells. In contrast, Y652X is more stable than WT or other mutant WFS1 proteins in HEK293T. In conclusion, we found that C-terminally truncated WFS1 mutants are selectively degraded in a cell type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Tokuma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tanabe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukio Tanizawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
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Shimaya Y, Shiraki N, Kume S. Promoting pancreatic β cell proliferation: A powerful key for realizing regenerative therapy for diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:522-524. [PMID: 36573414 PMCID: PMC10034946 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This commentary is on a recent report on the regulation mechanism of beta cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Shimaya
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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Sim EZ, Enomoto T, Shiraki N, Kume S. Protocol to generate human pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic β cells through methionine and zinc deprivation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102183. [PMID: 36952333 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts have been made to establish a differentiation protocol mimicking pancreatic development and to derive pancreatic β cells for regenerative medicine. Here, we present an optimized pancreatic β cell differentiation procedure using human pluripotent stem cells. We describe steps for a short 5-h methionine deprivation pretreatment followed by the application of zinc-deprived media at definitive endoderm differentiation stages to improve differentiation efficiency. The application of methionine and zinc deprivation facilitates the generation of functional pancreatic β cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sim et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn Zixuan Sim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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Ozawa H, Kambe A, Hibi K, Murakami S, Oikawa A, Handa T, Fujiki K, Nakato R, Shirahige K, Kimura H, Shiraki N, Kume S. Transient Methionine Deprivation Triggers Histone Modification and Potentiates Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2023; 41:271-286. [PMID: 36472570 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) require high levels of methionine (Met). Met deprivation results in a rapid decrease in intracellular S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), poising human iPSCs for differentiation and leading to the apoptosis of undifferentiated cells. Met deprivation triggers rapid metabolic changes, including SAM, followed by reversible epigenetic modifications. Here, we show that short-term Met deprivation impairs the pluripotency network through epigenetic modification in a 3D suspension culture. The trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3) was drastically affected compared with other histone modifications. Short-term Met deprivation specifically affects the transcription start site (TSS) region of genes, such as those involved in the transforming growth factor β pathway and cholesterol biosynthetic process, besides key pluripotent genes such as NANOG and POU5F1. The expression levels of these genes decreased, correlating with the loss of H3K4me3 marks. Upon differentiation, Met deprivation triggers the upregulation of various lineage-specific genes, including key definitive endoderm genes, such as GATA6. Upon differentiation, loss of H3K27me3 occurs in many endodermal genes, switching from a bivalent to a monovalent (H3K4me3) state. In conclusion, Met metabolism maintains the pluripotent network with histone marks, and their loss potentiates differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ozawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Azusa Kambe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kodai Hibi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Handa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujiki
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Nakato
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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10
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Ali M, Kato Y, Shiraki N, Kume S. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived beta-cells in blood amino acids-like medium. Biol Open 2023; 12:287063. [PMID: 36811942 PMCID: PMC10084857 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional cell culture media do not accurately represent the availability of the nutrients in plasma. They usually contain a supraphysiological concentration of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, etc. These high nutrients can alter the metabolism of cultured cells and induce metabolic phenotypes that do not reflect in vivo conditions. We demonstrate that the supraphysiological levels of nutrients interfere with endodermal differentiation. Refinement of media formulations has a potential application in maturity modulation of stem cell-derived β-cells (SC-β) generation in vitro. To address these issues, we established a defined culture system to derive SC-β-cells using a blood amino acids-like medium (BALM). Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be efficiently differentiated into the definitive endoderm, pancreatic progenitors, endocrine progenitors, and SC-β in BALM-based med. The differentiated cells secreted C-peptide in vitro in response to high glucose levels and expressed several pancreatic β-cell markers. In conclusion, amino acids at the physiological levels are sufficient for deriving functional SC-β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Ali
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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11
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Sim EZ, Enomoto T, Shiraki N, Furuta N, Kashio S, Kambe T, Tsuyama T, Arakawa A, Ozawa H, Yokoyama M, Miura M, Kume S. Methionine metabolism regulates pluripotent stem cell pluripotency and differentiation through zinc mobilization. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111120. [PMID: 35858556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit a unique feature that requires S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) for the maintenance of their pluripotency. Methionine deprivation in the medium causes a reduction in intracellular SAM, thus rendering PSCs in a state potentiated for differentiation. In this study, we find that methionine deprivation triggers a reduction in intracellular protein-bound Zn content and upregulation of Zn exporter SLC30A1 in PSCs. Culturing PSCs in Zn-deprived medium results in decreased intracellular protein-bound Zn content, reduced cell growth, and potentiated differentiation, which partially mimics methionine deprivation. PSCs cultured under Zn deprivation exhibit an altered methionine metabolism-related metabolite profile. We conclude that methionine deprivation potentiates differentiation partly by lowering cellular Zn content. We establish a protocol to generate functional pancreatic β cells by applying methionine and Zn deprivation. Our results reveal a link between Zn signaling and methionine metabolism in the regulation of cell fate in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn Zixuan Sim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Nao Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Soshiro Kashio
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Arakawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mizuho Yokoyama
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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12
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Yamaoka M, Banshodani M, Muraoka S, Tanaka K, Kimura A, Tani H, Hashimoto S, Shiraki N, Shintaku S, Moriishi M, Tsuchiya S, Masaki T, Kawanishi H. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in hemodialysis patients. Clin Kidney J 2022; 15:985-991. [PMID: 35498890 PMCID: PMC8807313 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a fatal complication in the general population. However, there are few reports on CAPA in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a single center between December 2020 and June 2021. We enrolled 21 HD patients with COVID-19 undergoing treatment and divided them into two groups, CAPA and non-CAPA (COVID-19 with and without pulmonary aspergillosis), and evaluated their characteristics, clinical outcomes and comorbidities. Results The log-rank test revealed that the 90-day survival rate after the initiation of treatment for COVID-19 was significantly lower in the CAPA (n = 6) than in the non-CAPA group (n = 15) (P = 0.0002), and the 90-day mortality rates were 66.6% and 0% in the CAPA and non-CAPA groups, respectively. In the CAPA group, four patients died due to respiratory failure (on Days 6 and 20), gastrointestinal bleeding (Day 8) and sepsis (Day 33); the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remained positive when they died. The remaining two patients survived and the negative conversion of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed on Days 10 and 15. The negative conversion of serum (1, 3)-β-d-glucan (BDG) was confirmed on Day 15 in one patient; the BDG remained positive on Day 64 in the other. Conclusions CAPA is a fatal complication in HD patients and the general population. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of testing for CAPA in patients undergoing HD. Mycological workups may be helpful for the early detection of CAPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yamaoka
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Banshodani
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Muraoka
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenta Tanaka
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kimura
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tani
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Hashimoto
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sadanori Shintaku
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Misaki Moriishi
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Tsuchiya
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Kawanishi
- Kidney Disease and Blood Purification Therapy, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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13
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Yoshida S, Honjo T, Iino K, Ishibe R, Leo S, Shimada T, Watanabe T, Ishikawa M, Maeda K, Kusuhara H, Shiraki N, Kume S. Generation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Functional Enterocyte-Like Cells for Pharmacokinetic Studies. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:295-308. [PMID: 33513361 PMCID: PMC7878837 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to establish an in vitro differentiation procedure to generate matured small intestinal cells mimicking human small intestine from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We previously reported the efficient generation of CDX2-expressing intestinal progenitor cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) and (3,5-difluorophenylacetyl)-L-alanyl-L-2-phenylglycine tert-butyl ester (DAPT) to treat definitive endodermal cells. Here, we demonstrate the generation of enterocyte-like cells by culturing human iPSC-derived intestinal progenitor cells on a collagen vitrigel membrane (CVM) and treating cells with a simple maturation medium containing BIO, DMSO, dexamethasone, and activated vitamin D3. Functional tests further confirmed that these iPSC-derived enterocyte-like cells exhibit P-gp- and BCRP-mediated efflux and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)-mediated metabolism. We concluded that hiPS cell-derived enterocyte-like cells can be used as a model for the evaluation of drug transport and metabolism studies in the human small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Yoshida
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan; Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honjo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Keita Iino
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Ishibe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Sylvia Leo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoka Shimada
- Analytical Chemistry & Technology, Shionogi TechnoAdvance Research Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Watanabe
- Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., 21 Suzukawa, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Masaya Ishikawa
- Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., 21 Suzukawa, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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14
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Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, are promising cell sources in regenerating pancreatic islets through in vitro directed differentiation. Recent progress in this research field has made it possible to generate glucose-responsive pancreatic islet cells from PSCs. Single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have been applied to analyze PSC-derived endocrine beta-cells, which are then compared with human islets. This has led to the identification of novel signaling pathways and molecules involved in lineage commitment during pancreatic differentiation and maturation processes. Single-cell transcriptomics are also used to construct a detailed map of in vivo endocrine differentiation of developing mouse embryos to study pancreatic islet development. Mimicking those occurring in vivo, it was reported that differentiating PSCs can generate similar islet cell structures, while metabolomics analysis highlighted key components involved in PSC-derived pancreatic islet cell function, providing information for the improvement of in vitro pancreatic maturation procedures. In addition, cell transplantation into diabetic animal models, together with the cell delivery system, is studied to ensure the therapeutic potentials of PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells. Combined with gene-editing technology, the engineered mutation-corrected PSC lines originated from diabetes patients could be differentiated into functional pancreatic islet cells, suggesting possible autologous cell therapy in the future. These PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells are a potential tool for studies of disease modeling and drug testing. Herein, we outlined the directed differentiation procedures of PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells, novel findings through transcriptome and metabolome studies, and recent progress in disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn Zixuan Sim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
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15
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Sakano D, Uefune F, Tokuma H, Sonoda Y, Matsuura K, Takeda N, Nakagata N, Kume K, Shiraki N, Kume S. VMAT2 Safeguards β-Cells Against Dopamine Cytotoxicity Under High-Fat Diet-Induced Stress. Diabetes 2020; 69:2377-2391. [PMID: 32826296 PMCID: PMC7576560 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) uptakes cytoplasmic monoamines into vesicles for storage. VMAT2 plays a role in modulating insulin release by regulating dopamine levels in the pancreas, although the exact mechanism remains elusive. We found that VMAT2 expression in β-cells specifically increases under high blood glucose conditions. The islets isolated from β-cell-specific Vmat2 knockout (βVmat2KO) mice show elevated insulin secretion levels in response to glucose stimulation. Under prolonged high-fat diet feedings, the βVmat2KO mice exhibit impaired glucose and insulin tolerance and progressive β-cell dysfunction. Here we demonstrate VMAT2 uptake of dopamine to protect dopamine from degradation by monoamine oxidase, thereby safeguarding β-cells from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) exposure. In the context of high demand for insulin secretion, the absence of VMAT2 leads to elevated ROS in β-cells, which accelerates β-cell dedifferentiation and β-cell loss. Therefore, VMAT2 controls the amount of dopamine in β-cells, thereby protecting pancreatic β-cells from excessive oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sakano
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumiya Uefune
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiraku Tokuma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Sonoda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kumi Matsuura
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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16
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Matsubara M, Banshodani M, Takahashi A, Kawai Y, Saiki T, Yamashita M, Shiraki N, Shintaku S, Moriishi M, Masaki T, Kawanishi H. Vascular access management after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty using a calcium alginate sheet: a randomized controlled trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 34:1592-1596. [PMID: 29846686 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of vascular access (VA) is essential in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, VA often fails and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is required. Conventional hemostasis at the puncture site is associated with complications. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of a hemostatic wound dressing made of calcium alginate at the puncture site of VA after PTA and evaluate other factors affecting hemostasis. METHODS After PTA for VA, 200 HD patients were randomized to a calcium alginate sheet (CA) group (n = 100) or a no drug-eluting sheet (control) group (n = 100). We recorded time to hemostasis at the puncture site every 5 min, noting any complications. RESULTS In the CA group, rates of hemostatic achievement at 5, 10, 15 and >15 min were 57, 25, 8 and 10%, respectively. In the control group, the rates were 39, 28, 14 and 19%, respectively. Rates of hemostatic achievement at 5 min were significantly higher in the CA group (P = 0.01). In logistic regression analysis, factors affecting hemostasis within 5 min were use of the CA sheet [odds ratio (OR) 2.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-4.37], platelet count ≤100 000/μL (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.04-0.69), number of antithrombotic tablets used per day ≥1 tablet (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.26-0.94) and upper arm VA (OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.03-0.55). CONCLUSIONS A CA sheet can safely reduce time to hemostasis at the puncture site after PTA, and should be considered for treating patients with a bleeding tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Matsubara
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Banshodani
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawai
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Saiki
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sadanori Shintaku
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Misaki Moriishi
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Kawanishi
- Department of Artificial Organs, Akane-Foundation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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17
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Harada N, Yotsumoto Y, Katsuki T, Yoda Y, Masuda T, Nomura M, Shiraki N, Inui H, Yamaji R. Fetal androgen signaling defects affect pancreatic β-cell mass and function, leading to glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-fed male rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E731-E741. [PMID: 31287713 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00173.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that androgen signaling expands pancreatic β-cell mass in the sexual maturation period (Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 314: E274-E286, 2018). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether fetal androgen signaling plays important roles in β-cell mass development and β-cell function in adulthood, defects of which are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the pancreas of male fetuses, androgen receptor (AR) was strongly expressed in the cytoplasm and at the cell membrane of Nkx6.1-positive β-cell precursor cells but was markedly reduced in insulin-positive β-cells. Administration of the anti-androgen flutamide to pregnant dams during late gestation reduced β-cell mass and Ki67-positive proliferating β-cells at birth in a male-specific manner without affecting body weight. The decrease of β-cell mass in flutamide-exposed male rats was not recovered when rats were fed a standard diet, whereas it was fully recovered when rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), at 6 and 12 wk of age. Flutamide exposure in utero led to the development of glucose intolerance in male rats due to a decrease in insulin secretion when fed HFD but not standard diet. Insulin sensitivity did not differ between the two groups irrespective of diet. These results indicated that the action of fetal androgen contributed to β-cell mass expansion in a sex-specific manner at birth and to the development of glucose intolerance by decreasing the secretion of insulin in HFD-fed male rats. Our data demonstrated the involvement of fetal androgen signaling in hypothesized sex differences in the developmental origins of health and disease by affecting pancreatic β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Harada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yotsumoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Katsuki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Masuda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nomura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inui
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yamaji
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Shiraki N, Kume S. Detailed analysis at a single-cell level of cells undergoing pancreatic differentiation. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 11:20-21. [PMID: 31479587 PMCID: PMC6944814 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cells derived from pluripotent stem cells using the stem cell-derived-β (SC-β) differentiation protocol are composed of four main cell types, namely β-like cells (SC-β-cells), α-like cells, enterochromaffin-like cells and non-endocrine cells. Single-cell dissociation and reaggregation depleted non-endocrine cells and improved β-cell function. Veres et al. succeeded in efficiently purifying SC-β by magnetic cell sorting using CD49a antibody and reaggregation, so that the final SC-β-cell ratio increased to 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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19
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Matsuura K, Ito K, Shiraki N, Kume S, Hagiwara N, Shimizu T. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Elimination in a Cell Sheet by Methionine-Free and 42°C Condition for Tumor Prevention. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 24:605-615. [PMID: 30234460 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells, including induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, are promising cell sources for regenerative medicine to replace injured tissues, and tissue engineering technologies enable engraftment of functional iPS cell-derived cells in vivo for prolonged periods. However, the risk of tumor formation is a concern for the use of iPS cells. Bioengineered tissues provide a suitable environment for cell survival, which requires vigorous efforts to eliminate remaining iPS cells and prevent tumor formation. We recently reported three iPS cell elimination strategies, including methionine-free medium, TRPV1 activation through 42°C cultivation, and dinaciclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 1/9 inhibitor. However, it remains unclear how many iPS cells in bioengineered tissues can be eliminated using these strategies alone or in combination, as well as the mode of subsequent tumor prevention. In the present study, we found that 2 days of cultivation at 42°C sufficiently eliminated 1 × 102 iPS cells in fibroblast sheets and prevented tumor formation. After screening for suitable combinations of these strategies based on Lin28 expression in co-cultures of fibroblasts and 1 × 104 iPS cells, we found that 1 day of cultivation at 42°C in methionine-free culture medium with or without dinaciclib remarkably decreased Lin28 expression and prevented tumor formation. Furthermore, these culture strategies did not affect spontaneous beating or the cell number of human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes. These quantitative findings may contribute to decreasing tumor formation risk and development of regenerative medicine using iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Matsuura
- 1 Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo, Japan .,2 Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Ito
- 1 Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo, Japan .,3 Division of Hepato-Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- 4 School and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- 4 School and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Hagiwara
- 2 Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- 1 Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University , Tokyo, Japan
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Nakai S, Shibata I, Shitamichi T, Yamaguchi H, Takagi N, Inoue T, Nakagawa T, Kiyokawa J, Wakabayashi S, Miyoshi T, Higashi E, Ishida S, Shiraki N, Kume S. Collagen vitrigel promotes hepatocytic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into functional hepatocyte-like cells. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.042192. [PMID: 31182631 PMCID: PMC6679405 DOI: 10.1242/bio.042192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells to hepatocytes provides an unlimited supply of human hepatocytes and therefore has been vigorously studied. However, to date, the stem cell-derived hepatocytes were suggested to be of immature features. To obtain matured hepatocytes from stem cells, we tested the effect of culturing human-induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cell-derived endoderm cells on collagen vitrigel membrane and compared with our previous reported nanofiber matrix. We cultured hiPS cell-derived endoderm cells on a collagen vitrigel membrane and examined the expression profiles, and tested the activity of metabolic enzymes. Gene expression profile analysis of hepatocytic differentiation markers revealed that upon culture on collagen vitrigel membrane, immature markers of AFP decreased, with a concomitant increase in the expression of mature hepatocyte transcription factors and mature hepatocyte markers such as ALB, ASGR1. Mature markers involved in liver functions, such as transporters, cytochrome P450 enzymes and phase II metabolic enzymes were also upregulated. We observed the upregulation of the liver markers for at least 2 weeks. Gene array profiling analysis revealed that hiPS cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (hiPS-hep) resemble those of the primary hepatocytes. Functions of the CYP enzyme activities were tested in multi-institution and all revealed high CYP1A, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A activity, which could be maintained for at least 2 weeks in culture. Taken together, the present approach identified that collagen vitrigel membrane provides a suitable environment for the generation of hepatocytes from hiPS cells that resemble many characteristics of primary human hepatocytes. Summary: We found that collagen vitrigel membrane used as scaffold potentiates differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into mature hepatocyte-like cells that exhibit mature functions of the hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Nakai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Ima Shibata
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shitamichi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 21 Suzukawa, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takagi
- Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 2-1, Nihonbashi Muromachi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Inoue
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan
| | - Toshito Nakagawa
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan
| | - Jumpei Kiyokawa
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakabayashi
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-8530, Japan
| | - Tomoya Miyoshi
- Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., 6-10-1 Tebiro, Kamakura, Kanagawa 248-8555, Japan
| | - Eriko Higashi
- Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., 6-10-1 Tebiro, Kamakura, Kanagawa 248-8555, Japan
| | - Seiichi Ishida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Science, 3-25-26 Tonomati, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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21
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Kaitsuka T, Kojima R, Kawabe M, Noguchi H, Shiraki N, Kume S, Tomizawa K. A culture substratum with net-like polyamide fibers promotes the differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells to insulin-producing cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:045019. [PMID: 31151115 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab261c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-producing and -secreting cells derived from mouse pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are useful for pancreatic development research and evaluating drugs that may induce insulin secretion. Previously, we have established a differentiation protocol to derive insulin-secreting cells from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using a combination of growth factors, recombinant proteins, and a culture substratum with net-like fibers. However, it has not been tested which materials and diameters of these fibers are more effective for the differentiation. Therefore, the present study aimed to produce net-like culture substratum formed from polyamide (PA) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. Substrata were delineated into PA100, 300, 600, PAN100, 300, and 600 groups based on fiber diameters. The differentiation efficiencies of mouse ESCs cultured on the substrata were then examined by insulin 1 (Ins1) expression. Expression was found to be highest in PA300 differentiated cells, indicating the potential to produce high levels of insulin. To understand any differences in substratum properties, the adsorption capacities of laminin were measured, revealing that PA300 had the highest for it. We next examined the stage of differentiation affected by incubation with PA300. This showed that Sox17- and Pdx1-GFP-positive cells increased during the first step of differentiation. To show the production of insulin without absorption from the medium, we confirmed the expression of insulin C-peptide after differentiation. Finally, we tested the effects of PA300 on the differentiation of human-induced PSC, and found more Sox17-positive cells with the PA300 substratum at the definitive endoderm stage. Furthermore, these cells expressed insulin C-peptide and had glucose-responsive C-peptide secretion. In summary, our study identified and validated a novel substratum which is suitable for pancreatic differentiation of mouse and human PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kaitsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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22
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Hirai T, Nakashima A, Shiraki N, Takasugi N, Yorioka N. Dose Conversion Ratio one year after Switching from Epoetin Alpha to Darbepoetin Alpha in Japanese Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139881003300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Darbepoetin alpha is effective for renal anemia when epoetin is insufficient. We previously reported that the dose conversion ratio from epoetin alpha to darbepoetin alpha was 1:350.5 after 24 weeks of follow-up. This study assessed the conversion ratio in stable Japanese hemodialysis patients after 52 weeks. Methods A total of 104 hemodialysis patients who were stable on intravenous epoetin alpha were switched to intravenous darbepoetin alpha according to the 1:200 rule. Then they were followed for 52 weeks to assess changes of hemoglobin and the darbepoetin alpha dose. Results Eighty-five patients completed the study. Their hemoglobin increased very rapidly during the first 8 weeks. The final conversion ratio was 1:286.6 at 52 weeks. Darbepoetin alpha showed similar efficacy in diabetics and non-diabetics. Patients switching from a high epoetin alpha dose (≥4500 IU/week) had a higher conversion ratio compared with those switching from a low dose (<4500 IU/week). Conclusions The dose conversion ratio of 1:200 was unsuitable and led to a rapid increase of hemoglobin. A conversion ratio of 1:250 to 1:300 should be employed when switching from epoetin alpha to darbepoetin alpha in Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Hirai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hakuai Clinic, Hiroshima - Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hakuai Clinic, Hiroshima - Japan
- Department of Advanced Nephrology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima - Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hakuai Clinic, Hiroshima - Japan
| | | | - Noriaki Yorioka
- Department of Advanced Nephrology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima - Japan
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23
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Harada N, Yoda Y, Yotsumoto Y, Masuda T, Takahashi Y, Katsuki T, Kai K, Shiraki N, Inui H, Yamaji R. Androgen signaling expands β-cell mass in male rats and β-cell androgen receptor is degraded under high-glucose conditions. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E274-E286. [PMID: 29138225 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00211.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A deficient pancreatic β-cell mass increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we investigated the effects of testosterone on the development of pancreatic β-cell mass in male rats. The β-cell mass of male rats castrated at 6 wk of age was reduced to ~30% of that of control rats at 16 wk of age, and castration caused glucose intolerance. Loss of β-cell mass occurred because of decreases in islet density per pancreas and β-cell cluster size. Castration was negatively associated with the number of Ki-67-positive β-cells and positively associated with the number of TUNEL-positive β-cells. These β-cell changes could be prevented by testosterone treatment. In contrast, castration did not affect β-cell mass in male mice. Androgen receptor (AR) localized differently in mouse and rat β-cells. Testosterone enhanced the viability of INS-1 and INS-1 #6, which expresses high levels of AR, in rat β-cell lines. siRNA-mediated AR knockdown or AR antagonism with hydroxyflutamide attenuated this enhancement. Moreover, testosterone did not stimulate INS-1 β-cell viability under high d-glucose conditions. In INS-1 β-cells, d-glucose dose dependently (5.5-22.2 mM) downregulated AR protein levels both in the presence and absence of testosterone. The intracellular calcium chelator (BAPTA-AM) could prevent this decrease in AR expression. AR levels were also reduced by a calcium ionophore (A23187), but not by insulin, in the absence of the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Our results indicate that testosterone regulates β-cell mass, at least in part, by AR activation in the β-cells of male rats and that the β-cell AR is degraded under hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Harada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Yusuke Yotsumoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Masuda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Takahiro Katsuki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inui
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Osaka , Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yamaji
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka , Japan
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24
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Kaitsuka T, Kobayashi K, Otsuka W, Kubo T, Hakim F, Wei FY, Shiraki N, Kume S, Tomizawa K. Erythropoietin facilitates definitive endodermal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells via activation of ERK signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C573-C582. [PMID: 28298334 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00071.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Artificially generated pancreatic β-cells from pluripotent stem cells are expected for cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Several strategies are adopted to direct pluripotent stem cells toward pancreatic differentiation. However, a standard differentiation method for clinical application has not been established. It is important to develop more effective and safer methods for generating pancreatic β-cells without toxic or mutagenic chemicals. In the present study, we screened several endogenous factors involved in organ development to identify the factor, which induced the efficiency of pancreatic differentiation and found that treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) facilitated the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into definitive endoderm. At an early stage of differentiation, EPO treatment significantly increased Sox17 gene expression, as a marker of the definitive endoderm. Contrary to the canonical function of EPO, it did not affect the levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT5, but stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt. The MEK inhibitor U0126 significantly inhibited EPO-induced Sox17 expression. The differentiation of ESCs into definitive endoderm is an important step for the differentiation into pancreatic and other endodermal lineages. This study suggests a possible role of EPO in embryonic endodermal development and a new agent for directing the differentiation into endodermal lineages like pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kaitsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wakako Otsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Farzana Hakim
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan;
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25
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Koga T, Shiraki N, Yano S, Suico MA, Morino-Koga S, Sato T, Shuto T, Kume S, Kai H. Mild electrical stimulation with heat shock guides differentiation of embryonic stem cells into Pdx1-expressing cells within the definitive endoderm. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:14. [PMID: 28202025 PMCID: PMC5312430 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because of the increasing number of diabetic patients, it is important to generate pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene 1 (Pdx1)-expressing cells, which are capable of differentiating into pancreatic endocrine β cells. Mild electrical stimulation was reported to modulate the differentiation of ES cells into ectoderm-derived neuronal cells or mesoderm-derived cardiac cells. Results In this study, we report that mild electrical stimulation with heat shock (MET) potentiates the differentiation of ES cells into definitive endoderm-derived Pdx1-expressing cells. MET has no effect when applied to early definitive endoderm on differentiation day 5. A 1.87-fold increase in the proportion of Pdx1-expressing cells was observed when stimulation was applied to the late definitive endoderm one day prior to the immergence of Pdx1/GFP-expressing cells on differentiation day 7. Pdx1 mRNA was also up-regulated by MET. The potentiating effect of MET synergized with activin and basic fibroblast growth factor into Pdx1-expressing cells. Moreover, MET stimulation on late definitive endoderm up-regulated heat shock protein 72 and activated various kinases including Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase in ES cells. Conclusions Our findings indicate that MET induces the differentiation of Pdx1-expressing cells within the definitive endoderm in a time-dependent manner, and suggest useful application for regenerative medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0331-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.,Present address: Department of Biological Information, School and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Yano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Saori Morino-Koga
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan. .,Present address: Department of Biological Information, School and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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26
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Abstract
The induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells of murine and human are capable to differentiate into any cell type of the body through recapitulating normal development, similarly as the embryonic stem (ES) cells. Lines of evidence support that both ES cells and iPS cells are induced to differentiate in vitro by sequential treatment of humoral cues such as growth factors and chemicals, combined with the use of certain microenvironments including extracellular matrices and scaffolds.Here, we describe the procedure to potentiate hepatic lineage cells differentiation from murine and human iPS cells, using growth factor cocktails and nanofiber scaffolds. Nanofiber scaffolds have a three-dimensional surface mimicking the fine structures of the basement membrane in vivo, allow the iPS cells to differentiate into the definitive endoderm and mature hepatocyte-like cells more efficiently than the two-dimensional conventional culture plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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27
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Ogaki S, Omori H, Morooka M, Shiraki N, Ishida S, Kume S. Late stage definitive endodermal differentiation can be defined by Daf1 expression. BMC Dev Biol 2016; 16:19. [PMID: 27245320 PMCID: PMC4888667 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-016-0120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Definitive endoderm (DE) gives rise to the respiratory apparatus and digestive tract. Sox17 and Cxcr4 are useful markers of the DE. Previously, we identified a novel DE marker, Decay accelerating factor 1(Daf1/CD55), by identifying DE specific genes from the expression profile of DE derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by microarray analysis, and in situ hybridization of early embryos. Daf1 is expressed in a subpopulation of E-cadherin + Cxcr4+ DE cells. The characteristics of the Daf1-expressing cells during DE differentiation has not been examined. Results In this report, we utilized the ESC differentiation system to examine the characteristics of Daf1-expressing DE cells. We found that Daf1 expression could discriminate late DE from early DE. Early DE cells are Daf1-negative (DE-) and late DE cells are Daf1-positive (DE+). We also found that Daf1+ late DE cells show low proliferative and low cell matrix adhesive characteristics. Furthermore, the purified SOX17low early DE cells gave rise to Daf1+ Sox17high late DE cells. Conclusion Daf1-expressing late definitive endoderm proliferates slowly and show low adhesive capacity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12861-016-0120-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Ogaki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.,Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.,Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Science, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Omori
- Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mayu Morooka
- Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Seiichi Ishida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Science, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan. .,Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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28
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Abstract
Here, we describe a procedure of human iPS cells differentiation into the definitive endoderm, further into albumin-expressing and albumin-secreting hepatocyte, using M15, a mesonephros- derived cell line. Approximately 90 % of human iPS cells differentiated into SOX17-positive definitive endoderm then approximately 50 % of cells became albumin-positive cells, and secreted ALB protein. This M15 feeder system for endoderm and hepatic differentiation is a simple and efficient method, and useful for elucidating molecular mechanisms for hepatic fate decision, and could represent an attractive approach for a surrogate cell source for pharmaceutical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahoko Umeda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, 860-0811, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, 860-0811, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, 860-0811, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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29
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Nakashima R, Morooka M, Shiraki N, Sakano D, Ogaki S, Kume K, Kume S. Neural cells play an inhibitory role in pancreatic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Genes Cells 2015; 20:1028-45. [PMID: 26514269 PMCID: PMC4738370 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic endocrine β-cells derived from embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have received attention as screening systems for therapeutic drugs and as the basis for cell-based therapies. Here, we used a 12-day β-cell differentiation protocol for mouse ES cells and obtained several hit compounds that promoted β-cell differentiation. One of these compounds, mycophenolic acid (MPA), effectively promoted ES cell differentiation with a concomitant reduction of neuronal cells. The existence of neural cell-derived inhibitory humoral factors for β-cell differentiation was suggested using a co-culture system. Based on gene array analysis, we focused on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and showed that the Wnt pathway inhibitor reversed MPA-induced β-cell differentiation. Wnt pathway activation promoted β-cell differentiation also in human iPS cells. Our results showed that Wnt signaling activation positively regulates β-cell differentiation, and represent a downstream target of the neural inhibitory factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Nakashima
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mayu Morooka
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogaki
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe Street, Mizuho, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
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Shiraki N, Kume S. [Endoderm differentiation of iPS cells]. Nihon Rinsho 2015; 73 Suppl 5:107-114. [PMID: 30457748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Shiraki N, Kume S. [Methionine metabolism regulates maintenance and differentiation of human ES/iPS cells]. Nihon Rinsho 2015; 73:765-772. [PMID: 25985628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are pluripotent and can give rise to all cell types. ES/iPS cells have a unique transcriptional circuit that sustains the pluripotent state. These cells also possess a characteristically high rate of proliferation as well as an abbreviated G1 phase. These unique molecular properties distinguish ES and iPS cells from somatic cells. Mouse ES/iPS cells are in a high-flux metabolic state, with a high dependence on threonine catabolism. However, little is known about amino acid metabolism in human ES/iPS cells. Recently, we reported that human ES/iPS cells require high amounts of methionine (Met) and express high levels of Met metabolism enzymes (Shriaki N, et al: Cell Metabolism, 2014). Met deprivation results in a rapid decrease in intracellular S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), triggering the activation of p53 signaling, reducing pluripotent marker gene NANOG expression, and poising human ES/iPS cells for differentiation, follow by potentiated differentiation into all three germ layers. However, when exposed to prolonged Met deprivation, the cells went to apoptosis. In this review, we explain the importance of SAM in Met metabolism and its relationship with pluripotency, cell survival, and differentiation of human ES/iPS cells.
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Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are considered as a cell source for replacement therapies for pancreatic beta cells and other organs.We identified tetrabenazine (TBZ), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor as a promoter of late-stage differentiation of Pdx1-positive pancreatic progenitor cells into Ngn3-positive endocrine progenitor cells. A cell-permeable cAMP analog, dBu-cAMP promotes beta cell maturation in late stage of differentiation. The induced beta cells can secrete insulin in a glucose-dependent manner.Our protocol consists of a three -step differentiation process. ES cell recapitulate embryonic developmental processes in vitro. Therefore, the ES cell differentiation system is a useful model for the understanding of molecular mechanism of beta-cell differentiation and are useful for application for future regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sakano
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan. .,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan. .,Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan.
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Tsuyama T, Shiraki N, Kume S. Definitive Endoderm Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Combined with Selective Elimination of Undifferentiated Cells by Methionine Deprivation. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1307:205-12. [PMID: 25822724 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2015_224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) show a characteristic feature in that they are highly dependent on methionine metabolism. Undifferentiated human ESCs cannot survive under the condition that methionine is deprived from culture medium. We describe here a procedure for definitive endoderm differentiation from human ESCs, in which human ESCs are subject to 10 days (d) differentiation combined with methionine deprivation between differentiation day (d) 8 to d10. Methionine deprivation results in elimination of undifferentiated cells from the culture with no significant loss of definitive endoderm cells, as compared to those cultured under complete condition throughout the whole culture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Tsuyama
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
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Shahjalal HM, Shiraki N, Sakano D, Kikawa K, Ogaki S, Baba H, Kume K, Kume S. Generation of insulin-producing β-like cells from human iPS cells in a defined and completely xeno-free culture system. J Mol Cell Biol 2014; 6:394-408. [PMID: 24970864 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mju029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells are considered a potential source for the generation of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells because of their differentiation capacity. In this study, we have developed a five-step xeno-free culture system to efficiently differentiate hiPS cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro. We found that a high NOGGIN concentration is crucial for specifically inducing the differentiation first into pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1)-positive pancreatic progenitors and then into neurogenin 3 (NGN3)-expressing pancreatic endocrine progenitors, while suppressing the differentiation into hepatic or intestinal cells. We also found that a combination of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), exendin-4, and nicotinamide was important for the differentiation into insulin single-positive cells that expressed various pancreatic β-cell markers. Most notably, the differentiated cells contained endogenous C-peptide pools that were released in response to various insulin secretagogues and high levels of glucose. Therefore, our results demonstrate the feasibility of generating hiPS-derived pancreatic β-cells under xeno-free conditions and highlight their potential to treat patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Md Shahjalal
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Global-Center of Excellence (G-COE), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Global-Center of Excellence (G-COE), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kikawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Global-Center of Excellence (G-COE), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogaki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe Street, Mizuho, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Global-Center of Excellence (G-COE), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan Program for Leading Graduate Schools 'HIGO (Health Life Science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program,' Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells have been shown to recapitulate normal developmental stages. They are therefore a highly useful tool in the study of developmental biology. Profiling of ES cell-derived cells has yielded important information about the characteristics of differentiated cells, and allowed the identification of novel marker genes and pathways of differentiation. In this review, we focus on recent results from profiling studies of mouse embryos, human islets, and human ES cell-derived differentiated cells from several research groups. Global gene expression data from mouse embryos have been used to identify novel genes or pathways involved in the developmental process, and to search for transcription factors that regulate direct reprogramming. We introduce gene expression databases of human pancreas cells (Beta Cell Gene Atlas, EuroDia database), and summarize profiling studies of islet- or human ES cell-derived pancreatic cells, with a focus on gene expression, microRNAs, epigenetics, and protein expression. Then, we describe our gene expression profile analyses and our search for novel endoderm, or pancreatic, progenitor marker genes. We differentiated mouse ES cells into mesendoderm, definitive endoderm (DE), mesoderm, ectoderm, and Pdx1-expressing pancreatic lineages, and performed DNA microarray analyses. Genes specifically expressed in DE, and/or in Pdx1-expressing cells, were extracted and their expression patterns in normal embryonic development were studied by in situ hybridization. Out of 54 genes examined, 27 were expressed in the DE of E8.5 mouse embryos, and 15 genes were expressed in distinct domains in the pancreatic buds of E14.5 mouse embryos. Akr1c19, Aebp2, Pbxip1, and Creb3l1 were all novel, and none has been described as being expressed, either in the DE, or in the pancreas. By introducing the profiling results of ES cell-derived cells, the benefits of using ES cells to study early embryonic development will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogaki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Kikawa K, Sakano D, Shiraki N, Tsuyama T, Kume K, Endo F, Kume S. Beneficial effect of insulin treatment on islet transplantation outcomes in Akita mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95451. [PMID: 24743240 PMCID: PMC3990632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising potential therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. The outcome of islet transplantation depends on the transplantation of a sufficient amount of β-cell mass. However, the initial loss of islets after transplantation is problematic. We hypothesized the hyperglycemic status of the recipient may negatively affect graft survival. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effect of insulin treatment on islet transplantation involving a suboptimal amount of islets in Akita mice, which is a diabetes model mouse with an Insulin 2 gene missense mutation. Fifty islets were transplanted under the left kidney capsule of the recipient mouse with or without insulin treatment. For insulin treatment, sustained-release insulin implants were implanted subcutaneously into recipient mice 2 weeks before transplantation and maintained for 4 weeks. Islet transplantation without insulin treatment did not reverse hyperglycemia. In contrast, the group that received transplants in combination with insulin treatment exhibited improved fasting blood glucose levels until 18 weeks after transplantation, even after insulin treatment was discontinued. The group that underwent islet transplantation in combination with insulin treatment had better glucose tolerance than the group that did not undergo insulin treatment. Insulin treatment improved graft survival from the acute phase (i.e., 1 day after transplantation) to the chronic phase (i.e., 18 weeks after transplantation). Islet apoptosis increased with increasing glucose concentration in the medium or blood in both the in vitro culture and in vivo transplantation experiments. Expression profile analysis of grafts indicated that genes related to immune response, chemotaxis, and inflammatory response were specifically upregulated when islets were transplanted into mice with hyperglycemia compared to those with normoglycemia. Thus, the results demonstrate that insulin treatment protects islets from the initial rapid loss that is usually observed after transplantation and positively affects the outcome of islet transplantation in Akita mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Kikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Endo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science; Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Ogaki S, Shiraki N, Kume K, Kume S. Wnt and Notch signals guide embryonic stem cell differentiation into the intestinal lineages. Stem Cells 2014; 31:1086-96. [PMID: 23378042 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The studies of differentiation of mouse or human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into specific cell types of the intestinal cells would provide insights to the understanding of intestinal development and ultimately yield cells for the use in future regenerative medicine. Here, using an in vitro differentiation procedure of pluripotent stem cells into definitive endoderm (DE), inductive signal pathways' guiding differentiation into intestinal cells was investigated. We found that activation of Wnt/β-catenin and inhibition of Notch signaling pathways, by simultaneous application of 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO), a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor, and N-[(3,5-Difluorophenyl)acetyl]-L-alanyl-2-phenylglycine-1,1-dimethylethyl ester (DAPT), a known γ-secretase inhibitor, efficiently induced intestinal differentiation of ESCs cultured on feeder cell. BIO and DAPT patterned the DE at graded concentrations. Upon prolonged culture on feeder cells, all four intestinal differentiated cell types, the absorptive enterocytes and three types of secretory cells (goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, and Paneth cells), were efficiently differentiated from mouse and hESC-derived intestinal epithelium cells. Further investigation revealed that in the mouse ESCs, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling act synergistically with BIO and DAPT to potentiate differentiation into the intestinal epithelium. However, in hESCs, FGF signaling inhibited, and BMP signaling did not affect differentiation into the intestinal epithelium. We concluded that Wnt and Notch signaling function to pattern the anterior-posterior axis of the DE and control intestinal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Ogaki
- Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hakim F, Kaitsuka T, Raeed JM, Wei FY, Shiraki N, Akagi T, Yokota T, Kume S, Tomizawa K. High oxygen condition facilitates the differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic progenitors and insulin-producing cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9623-38. [PMID: 24554704 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.524363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells have potential applications in regenerative medicine for diabetes. Differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells has been achieved using various protocols. However, both the efficiency of the method and potency of differentiated cells are insufficient. Oxygen tension, the partial pressure of oxygen, has been shown to regulate the embryonic development of several organs, including pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we tried to establish an effective method for the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into insulin-producing cells by culturing under high oxygen (O2) conditions. Treatment with a high O2 condition in the early stage of differentiation increased insulin-positive cells at the terminus of differentiation. We found that a high O2 condition repressed Notch-dependent gene Hes1 expression and increased Ngn3 expression at the stage of pancreatic progenitors. This effect was caused by inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein level. Moreover, a high O2 condition activated Wnt signaling. Optimal stage-specific treatment with a high O2 condition resulted in a significant increase in insulin production in both mouse embryonic stem cells and human iPSCs and yielded populations containing up to 10% C-peptide-positive cells in human iPSCs. These results suggest that culturing in a high O2 condition at a specific stage is useful for the efficient generation of insulin-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Hakim
- From the Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Yoshimoto N, Nishiyama T, Yamashita H, Takahashi S, Shiraki N, Sugiura H, Endo Y, Iwasa M, Asano T, Hato Y, Fujii Y, Toyama T. Abstract P5-13-07: Genetic polymorphism of estrogen metabolizing enzyme CYP17A1 rs743572 impacts on serum testosterone level in Japanese premenopausal women. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p5-13-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer in Japanese women has doubled in all age groups over the past two decades. We recently demonstrated that this marked increase is mostly due to an increase in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive subtype, and we created risk prediction models for ER-positive breast cancer in both pre- and post- menopausal women using genetic factors (single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)), environmental risk factors, serum hormones and growth factors by logistic regression analysis. Serum level of testosterone, which is the precursor of estradiol in estradiol synthesis, was found to be a risk predictor in both pre- and post- menopausal women. On the other hand, it has been reported that some SNPs, including those of estrogen-related genes such as ESR1 and CYP17A1, are correlated with breast cancer risk by genome-wide association studies. To acquire some insights into this mechanism, we analyzed genetic factors (14 SNPs), serum hormones and growth factors (estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3)) in 913 women with breast cancer and 278 disease-free controls for correlation between them.
Serum testosterone and prolactin levels were significantly higher in ER-positive breast cancer patients than in disease-free controls in both pre- (p<0.0001, p<0.0001) and post- (p<0.0001, p = 0.007) menopausal women, and serum estradiol level was significantly higher in ER-positive breast cancer patients than in disease-free controls only in premenopausal women (p = 0.0005). There were significant differences in serum hormone levels among the women with each SNP genotype (homozygotes of major allele, heterozygotes and homozygotes of minor allele), including testosterone among rs743572 genotype (p = 0.014), estradiol among rs827421 genotype (p = 0.016), IGF-1 among rs6905370 genotype (p = 0.032), and prolactin among rs1042522 genotype (p = 0.035) in premenopausal women, as well as estradiol among rs3803662 genotype (p = 0.027) and IGFBP3 among rs6905370 genotype (p = 0.036) in postmenopausal women. In particular, serum testosterone level was significantly different among the rs743572, which is one of the enzymes that convert testosterone to estradiol, of genotypes (AA: 0.308 +/- 0.180 ng/ml, AG: 0.319 +/- 0.193 ng/ml and GG: 0.380 +/- 0.187 ng/ml, p = 0.014). On the other hand, the rs743572 heterozygotes of CYP17A1 have been reported to have increased breast cancer risk than homozygotes of both the major allele and minor allele in premenopausal women. Further studies are required to clarify this mechanism.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-13-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshimoto
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Nishiyama
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Yamashita
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - N Shiraki
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Sugiura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Iwasa
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Asano
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Hato
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Toyama
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Kaitsuka T, Noguchi H, Shiraki N, Kubo T, Wei FY, Hakim F, Kume S, Tomizawa K. Generation of functional insulin-producing cells from mouse embryonic stem cells through 804G cell-derived extracellular matrix and protein transduction of transcription factors. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 3:114-27. [PMID: 24292793 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have potential applications to regenerative medicine for diabetes; however, a useful and safe way to generate pancreatic β cells has not been developed. In this study, we tried to establish an effective method of differentiation through the protein transduction of three transcription factors (Pdx1, NeuroD, and MafA) important to pancreatic β cell development. The method poses no risk of unexpected genetic modifications in target cells. Transduction of the three proteins induced the differentiation of mouse ES and mouse iPS cells into insulin-producing cells. Furthermore, a laminin-5-rich extracellular matrix efficiently induced differentiation under feeder-free conditions. Cell differentiation was confirmed with the expression of the insulin 1 gene in addition to marker genes in pancreatic β cells, the differentiated cells secreted glucose-responsive C-peptide, and their transplantation restored normoglycemia in diabetic mice. Moreover, Pdx1 protein transduction had facilitative effects on differentiation into pancreatic endocrine progenitors from human iPS cells. These results suggest the direct delivery of recombinant proteins and treatment with laminin-5-rich extracellular matrix to be useful for the generation of insulin-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kaitsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and The Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Surgery, Chiba-East National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Chiba, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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Yamazoe T, Shiraki N, Toyoda M, Kiyokawa N, Okita H, Miyagawa Y, Akutsu H, Umezawa A, Sasaki Y, Kume K, Kume S. A synthetic nanofibrillar matrix promotes in vitro hepatic differentiation of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:5391-9. [PMID: 24101719 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.129767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells recapitulate normal developmental processes and serve as an attractive source for routine access to a large number of cells for research and therapies. We previously reported that ES cells cultured on M15 cells, or a synthesized basement membrane (sBM) substratum, efficiently differentiated into an endodermal fate and subsequently adopted fates of various digestive organs, such as the pancreas and liver. Here, we established a novel hepatic differentiation procedure using the synthetic nanofiber (sNF) as a cell culture scaffold. We first compared endoderm induction and hepatic differentiation between murine ES cells grown on sNF and several other substrata. The functional assays for hepatocytes reveal that the ES cells grown on sNF were directed into hepatic differentiation. To clarify the mechanisms for the promotion of ES cell differentiation in the sNF system, we focused on the function of Rac1, which is a Rho family member protein known to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. We observed the activation of Rac1 in undifferentiated and differentiated ES cells cultured on sNF plates, but not in those cultured on normal plastic plates. We also show that inhibition of Rac1 blocked the potentiating effects of sNF on endoderm and hepatic differentiation throughout the whole differentiation stages. Taken together, our results suggest that morphological changes result in cellular differentiation controlled by Rac1 activation, and that motility is not only the consequence, but is also able to trigger differentiation. In conclusion, we believe that sNF is a promising material that might contribute to tissue engineering and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Yamazoe
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Shiraki N, Nakashima A, Doi S, Carrero JJ, Sugiya N, Ueno T, Stenvinkel P, Kohno N, Masaki T. Low serum testosterone is associated with atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis. Clin Exp Nephrol 2013; 18:499-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-013-0840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Iwashita H, Shiraki N, Sakano D, Ikegami T, Shiga M, Kume K, Kume S. Secreted cerberus1 as a marker for quantification of definitive endoderm differentiation of the pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64291. [PMID: 23717584 PMCID: PMC3661443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, CXCR4 and E-cadherin double-positive cells detected by flow cytometry have been used to identify the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into definitive endoderm (DE) lineages. Quantification of DE differentiation from ES/iPS cells by using flow cytometry is a multi-step procedure including dissociation of the cells, antibody reaction, and flow cytometry analysis. To establish a quick assay method for quantification of ES/iPS cell differentiation into the DE without dissociating the cells, we examined whether secreted Cerberus1 (Cer1) protein could be used as a marker. Cer1 is a secreted protein expressed first in the anterior visceral endoderm and then in the DE. The amount of Cer1 secreted correlated with the proportion of CXCR4+/E-Cadherin+ cells that differentiated from mouse ES cells. In addition, we found that human iPS cell-derived DE also expressed the secreted CER1 and that the expression level correlated with the proportion of SOX17+/FOXA2+ cells present. Taken together, these results show that Cer1 (or CER1) serves as a good marker for quantification of DE differentiation of mouse and human ES/iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Iwashita
- Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto Techno Research Park, Kumamoto, Japan
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Umeda K, Suzuki K, Yamazoe T, Shiraki N, Higuchi Y, Tokieda K, Kume K, Mitani K, Kume S. Albumin gene targeting in human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells with helper-dependent adenoviral vector to monitor hepatic differentiation. Stem Cell Res 2013; 10:179-94. [PMID: 23276698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although progresses in developing differentiation procedures have been achieved, it remains challenging to generate hES/iPS cell-derived mature hepatocytes. We performed knock-in of a monomeric Kusabira orange (mKO1) cassette in the albumin (ALB) gene, in human embryonic stem (hES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells, with the use of the helper-dependent adenovirus vector (HDAdV). Upon induction into the hepatic lineages, these knock-in hES/iPS cells differentiated into cells that displayed several known hepatic functions. The mKO1 knock-in (ALB/mKo1) hES/hiPS cells were used to visualize hepatic differentiation in vitro. mKO1 reporter expression recapitulated endogenous ALB transcriptional activity. ALB/mKo1 [Hi] population isolated by flow cytometry was confirmed to be enriched with ALB mRNA. Expression profile analyses revealed that characteristic hepatocyte genes and genes related to drug metabolism and many aspects of liver function were highly enriched in the ALB/mKo1 [Hi] population. Our data demonstrate that ALB/mKo1 knock-in hES/iPS cells are valuable resources for monitoring in vitro hepatic differentiation, isolation and analyses of hES and hiPS cells-derived hepatic cells that actively transcribing ALB. These knock-in hES/iPS cell lines could provide further insights into the mechanism of hepatic differentiation and molecular signatures of the hepatic cells derived from hES/iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahoko Umeda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Yoshimoto N, Nishiyama T, Toyama T, Takahashi S, Shiraki N, Sugiura H, Endo Y, Iwasa M, Asano T, Fujii Y, Yamashita H. Abstract P4-12-06: A mammographic density prediction model using environmental factors, endogenous hormones and growth factors in Japanese women. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p4-12-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer in Japanese women has doubled in all age groups over the past two decades, making it important to evaluate breast cancer risk factors in Japanese women. It is well known that mammographic density is positively associated with breast cancer risk in Western countries, and mammographic density is known to be affected by some environmental factors, serum hormones, and growth factors. We performed stepwise variable selection in a multiple regression model with fifteen independent variables as described below, based on the Akaike information criteria (AIC) to build a mammographic density prediction model using a dataset of 1191 women (913 women with breast cancer and 278 disease-free controls). The variables included were: environmental risk factors (body-mass index (BMI), age at menarche, pregnancy, age at first birth, breastfeeding, family history of breast cancer, age at menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy, alcohol intake and smoking), serum hormones and growth factors (estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3)) and mammographic density. The resulting prediction model is:
Mammographic density = + 0.000476 (IGF1) −0.0605 (testosterone) − 0.0508 (IGFBP3) − 0.00683 (age) − 0.0175 (BMI) + 0.00883 (age at menarche) − 0.0153 (breast feeding), (R2 = 0.336).
In this model, IGF1, testosterone, IGFBP3, age, BMI, age at menarche, and breastfeeding were considered to be important factors. IGF1 and age at menarche were positively associated with mammographic density, while on the other hand testosterone, IGFBP3, age, BMI, and breast feeding were negatively associated with mammographic density. Further studies are required to build a modified model incorporating serial measurements of serum hormones and growth factors to take into account time-dependent changes of serum hormones and growth factors, and to assess its accuracy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-12-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshimoto
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Nishiyama
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Toyama
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - N Shiraki
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Sugiura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Iwasa
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Asano
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Yamashita
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Yoshimoto N, Nishiyama T, Toyama T, Takahashi S, Shiraki N, Sugiura H, Endo Y, Iwasa M, Fujii Y, Yamashita H. P4-10-11: Genetic and Environmental Predictors, Endogenous Hormones and Growth Factors and Risk of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer in Japanese Women. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-10-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer in Japanese women has doubled in all age groups over the past two decades. We have recently demonstrated that this marked increase is mostly due to an increase in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive subtype. It is necessary to establish risk factors capable of predicting the risk of ER-positive breast cancer which will enable the efficient selection of candidates for preventive chemotherapy. We analyzed genetic factors, including 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), environmental risk factors (body-mass index (BMI), age at menarche, pregnancy, age at first birth, breastfeeding, family history of breast cancer, age at menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy, alcohol intake and smoking), serum hormones and growth factors (estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3)) and mammographic density in 913 women with breast cancer and 278 disease-free controls. To identify important risk factors, risk prediction models for ER-positive breast cancer in both pre- and postmenopausal women were created by logistic regression analysis. In premenopausal women, 1 SNP (CYP19A1-rs10046), age, pregnancy, breastfeeding, alcohol intake, serum levels of prolactin, testosterone and IGFBP3 were considered to be risk predictors. In postmenopausal women, 1 SNP (TP53-rs1042522), age, BMI, age at menopause, serum levels of testosterone and IGF1 were identified as risk predictors. Risk factors may differ between women of different menopausal status, and inclusion of common genetic variants and serum hormone measurements as well as environmental factors might improve risk assessment models. Further validation studies will clarify appropriate risk groups for preventive chemotherapy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-10-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshimoto
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Nishiyama
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - T Toyama
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - N Shiraki
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Sugiura
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Iwasa
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - H Yamashita
- 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Shiraki N, Yamazoe T, Qin Z, Ohgomori K, Mochitate K, Kume K, Kume S. Efficient differentiation of embryonic stem cells into hepatic cells in vitro using a feeder-free basement membrane substratum. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24228. [PMID: 21887386 PMCID: PMC3162614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoderm-inducing effect of the mesoderm-derived supportive cell line M15 on embryonic stem (ES) cells is partly mediated through the extracellular matrix, of which laminin α5 is a crucial component. Mouse ES or induced pluripotent stem cells cultured on a synthesized basement membrane (sBM) substratum, using an HEK293 cell line (rLN10-293 cell) stably expressing laminin-511, could differentiate into definitive endoderm and subsequently into pancreatic lineages. In this study, we investigated the differentiation on sBM of mouse and human ES cells into hepatic lineages. The results indicated that the BM components played an important role in supporting the regional-specific differentiation of ES cells into hepatic endoderm. We show here that knockdown of integrin β1 (Itgb1) in ES cells reduced their differentiation into hepatic lineages and that this is mediated through Akt signaling activation. Moreover, under optimal conditions, human ES cells differentiated to express mature hepatocyte markers and secreted high levels of albumin. This novel procedure for inducing hepatic differentiation will be useful for elucidating the molecular mechanisms controlling lineage-specific fates during gut regionalization. It could also represent an attractive approach to providing a surrogate cell source, not only for regenerative medicine, but also for pharmaceutical and toxicologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zeng Qin
- BM Matrix Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiko Ohgomori
- BM Matrix Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Katsumi Mochitate
- BM Matrix Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Nagae G, Isagawa T, Shiraki N, Fujita T, Yamamoto S, Tsutsumi S, Nonaka A, Yoshiba S, Matsusaka K, Midorikawa Y, Ishikawa S, Soejima H, Fukayama M, Suemori H, Nakatsuji N, Kume S, Aburatani H. Tissue-specific demethylation in CpG-poor promoters during cellular differentiation. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:2710-21. [PMID: 21505077 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is essential in determining cellular phenotypes during differentiation. Although tissue-specific DNA methylation has been studied, the significance of methylation variance for tissue phenotypes remains unresolved, especially for CpG-poor promoters. Here, we comprehensively studied methylation levels of 27 578 CpG sites among 21 human normal tissues from 12 anatomically different regions using an epigenotyping beadarray system. Remarkable changes in tissue-specific DNA methylation were observed within CpG-poor promoters but not CpG-rich promoters. Of note, tissue-specific hypomethylation is accompanied by an increase in gene expression, which gives rise to specialized cellular functions. The hypomethylated regions were significantly enriched with recognition motifs for transcription factors that regulate cell-type-specific differentiation. To investigate the dynamics of hypomethylation events, we analyzed methylation levels of the entire APOA1 gene locus during in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells toward the hepatic lineage. A decrease in methylation was observed after day 13, coinciding with alpha-fetoprotein detection, in the vicinity of its transcription start sites (TSSs), and extends up to ∼200 bp region encompassing the TSS at day 21, equivalent to the hepatoblastic stage. This decrease is even more pronounced in the adult liver, where the entire APOA1 gene locus is hypomethylated. Furthermore, when we compared the methylation status of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells with their parental cell, IMR-90, we found that fibroblast-specific hypomethylation is restored to a fully methylated state in iPS cells after reprogramming. These results illuminate tissue-specific methylation dynamics in CpG-poor promoters and provide more comprehensive views on spatiotemporal gene regulation in terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Nagae
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are expected as a surrogate cell source for regenerative medicine. Many researchers have reported the differentiation method of insulin-expressing pancreatic β cells from ES or iPS cells. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of ES or iPS cells into pancreatic lineages are still unclear. We have established a feeder cell-based differentiation system into pancreatic progenitor cells, and revealed the signaling pathways that are involved in the differentiation of ES cells into mesendoderm, endoderm and pancreatic progenitor cells. Recently, we demonstrated that the extracellular environment, particularly the laminin-integrin signaling and heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is important for the regionalization of definitive endoderm cells into pancreatic lineages. These results provide new insights for the differentiation mechanism of pancreatic cell lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Higuchi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics Global Center of Excellence Program, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ogaki S, Harada S, Shiraki N, Kume K, Kume S. An expression profile analysis of ES cell-derived definitive endodermal cells and Pdx1-expressing cells. BMC Dev Biol 2011; 11:13. [PMID: 21362171 PMCID: PMC3058101 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-11-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background We developed an efficient in vitro method to differentiate mouse ES cells into the definitive endoderm (DE) and then Pdx1-expressing pancreatic lineages using mesodermal-derived supporting cells, M15. Using this method, resulting ES cell-derived DE and Pdx1-expressing cells were isolated by cell sorting, and their gene expression profiles were investigated with DNA microarray. Genes that were specifically expressed in DE and/or in Pdx1-expressing cells were extracted and their expression patterns in normal embryonic development were studied. Results Genes whose expression increased in DE and Pdx1 positive cells compared to the undifferentiated ES cells were chosen and in situ hybridizations were performed. Out of 54 genes examined, 27 were expressed in the DE of E8.5 mouse embryos and 15 genes were expressed in distinct domains in the pancreatic buds of E14.5 embryos. Among those genes expressed were Foxq1, CpM, Foxp4, Pcdh1, and Zmiz1, which were previously reported in other endodermal tissues. Genes, such as Parm1, Tmem184a, Hipk2 and Sox4 were reported to be expressed during early pancreatic development. Nptx2, C2cd4b, Tcf7l2 and Kiss1r were reported to be associated with beta cell or pancreatic functions in the adult. Akr1c19, Aebp2, Pbxip1 and Creb3l1, were novel and have not been described as being expressed either in DE or the pancreas. Conclusions We identified 27 genes, including 4 novel genes expressed in DE and pancreatic progenitor cells during normal development using an ES cell in vitro differentiation system. These results showed that DE cells and Pdx1/GFP-expressing cells obtained from our M15 based differentiation method mimic cells during the normal developmental processes. Additionally, ES cells are an excellent model for studies of early developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Ogaki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, Japan
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