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Dotou M, L'honoré A, Moumné R, El Amri C. Amide Alkaloids as Privileged Sources of Senomodulators for Therapeutic Purposes in Age-Related Diseases. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:617-628. [PMID: 38436272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Nature is an important source of bioactive compounds and has continuously made a large contribution to the discovery of new drug leads. Particularly, plant-derived compounds have long been identified as highly interesting in the field of aging research and senescence. Many plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potential to influence cellular processes and provide health benefits. Among them, Piper alkaloids have emerged as interesting candidates in the context of age-related diseases and particularly senescence. These compounds have been shown to display a variety of features, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and other bioactive properties that may help counteracting the effects of cellular aging processes. In the review, we will put the emphasis on piperlongumine and other related derivatives, which belong to the Piper alkaloids, and whose senomodulating potential has emerged during the last several years. We will also provide a survey on their potential in therapeutic perspectives of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazzarine Dotou
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, IBPS, UMR 8256 CNRS-SU, ERL INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75252 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aurore L'honoré
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, IBPS, UMR 8256 CNRS-SU, ERL INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Roba Moumné
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Chahrazade El Amri
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, IBPS, UMR 8256 CNRS-SU, ERL INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75252 Paris, France
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Ding W, Wang JX, Wu JZ, Liu AC, Jiang LL, Zhang HC, Meng Y, Liu BY, Peng GJ, Lou EZ, Mao Q, Zhou H, Tang DL, Chen X, Liu JB, Shi XP. Targeting proteasomal deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5 with b-AP15 reduces 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2537-2548. [PMID: 37528233 PMCID: PMC10692219 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but the development of acquired resistance to 5-FU remains a big challenge. Deubiquitinases play a key role in the protein degradation pathway, which is involved in cancer development and chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of targeted inhibition of the proteasomal deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5 on the development of CRC and resistance to 5-FU. By analyzing GEO datasets, we found that the mRNA expression levels of USP14 and UCHL5 in CRC tissues were significantly increased, and negatively correlated with the survival of CRC patients. Knockdown of both USP14 and UCHL5 led to increased 5-FU sensitivity in 5-FU-resistant CRC cell lines (RKO-R and HCT-15R), whereas overexpression of USP14 and UCHL5 in 5-FU-sensitive CRC cells decreased 5-FU sensitivity. B-AP15, a specific inhibitor of USP14 and UCHL5, (1-5 μM) dose-dependently inhibited the viability of RKO, RKO-R, HCT-15, and HCT-15R cells. Furthermore, treatment with b-AP15 reduced the malignant phenotype of CRC cells including cell proliferation and migration, and induced cell death in both 5-FU-sensitive and 5-FU-resistant CRC cells by impairing proteasome function and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, b-AP15 inhibited the activation of NF-κB pathway, suppressing cell proliferation. In 5-FU-sensitive and 5-FU-resistant CRC xenografts nude mice, administration of b-AP15 (8 mg·kg-1·d-1, intraperitoneal injection) effectively suppressed the growth of both types of tumors. These results demonstrate that USP14 and UCHL5 play an important role in the development of CRC and resistance to 5-FU. Targeting USP14 and UCHL5 with b-AP15 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Ding
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Precision Medicine Center, Department of Biobank, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jun-Zheng Wu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Ao-Chu Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Li-Ling Jiang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Hai-Chuan Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Yi Meng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Bing-Yuan Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Guan-Jie Peng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - En-Zhe Lou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Qiong Mao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Dao-Lin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China.
| | - Jin-Bao Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China.
| | - Xian-Ping Shi
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China.
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Filho CSMB, de Menezes RRPPB, Magalhães EP, Castillo YP, Martins AMC, de Sousa DP. Piplartine-Inspired 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamates: Trypanocidal, Mechanism of Action, and In Silico Evaluation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114512. [PMID: 37298988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is one of the main neglected tropical diseases that promote relevant socioeconomic impacts in several countries. The therapeutic options for the treatment of CD are limited, and parasite resistance has been reported. Piplartine is a phenylpropanoid imide that has diverse biological activities, including trypanocidal action. Thus, the objective of the present work was to prepare a collection of thirteen esters analogous to piplartine (1-13) and evaluate their trypanocidal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Of the tested analogues, compound 11 ((E)-furan-2-ylmethyl 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylate) showed good activity with IC50 values = 28.21 ± 5.34 μM and 47.02 ± 8.70 μM, against the epimastigote and trypomastigote forms, respectively. In addition, it showed a high rate of selectivity to the parasite. The trypanocidal mechanism of action occurs through the induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. In addition, scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of pores and leakage of cytoplasmic content. Molecular docking indicated that 11 probably produces a trypanocidal effect through a multi-target mechanism, including affinity with proteins CRK1, MPK13, GSK3B, AKR, UCE-1, and UCE-2, which are important for the survival of the parasite. Therefore, the results suggest chemical characteristics that can serve for the development of new trypanocidal prototypes for researching drugs against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos S M B Filho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Ramon R P P B de Menezes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Emanuel P Magalhães
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Yunierkis P Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170125, Ecuador
| | - Alice M C Martins
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Damião P de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
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Lan X, Hu M, Jiang L, Wang J, Meng Y, Chen X, Liu A, Ding W, Zhang H, Zhou H, Liu B, Peng G, Liao S, Chen X, Liu J, Shi X. Piperlongumine overcomes imatinib resistance by inducing proteasome inhibition in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115815. [PMID: 36220508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piper longum L., an herbal medicine used in India and other Asian countries, is prescribed routinely for a range of diseases, including tumor. Piperlongumine, a natural product isolated from Piper longum L., has received widespread attention due to its various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic disease caused by Bcr-Abl fusion gene, with an incidence of 15% in adult leukemias. Targeting Bcr-Abl by imatinib provides a successful treatment approach for CML. However, imatinib resistance is an inevitable issue for CML treatment. In particular, T315I mutant is the most stubborn of the Bcr-Abl point mutants associated with imatinib resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to find an alternative approach to conquer imatinib resistance. This study investigated the role of a natural product piperlongumine in overcoming imatinib resistance in CML. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTS assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide counterstaining assay, respectively. Levels of intracellular signaling proteins were assessed by Western blots. Mitochondrial membrane potential was reflected by the fluorescence intensity of rhodamine-123. The function of proteasome was detected using 20S proteasomal activity assay, proteasomal deubiquitinase activity assay, and deubiquitinase active-site-directed labeling. The antitumor effects of piperlongumine were assessed with mice xenografts. RESULTS We demonstrate that (i) Piperlongumine inhibits proteasome function by targeting 20S proteasomal peptidases and 19S proteasomal deubiquitinases (USP14 and UCHL5) in Bcr-Abl-WT and Bcr-Abl-T315I CML cells; (ii) Piperlongumine inhibits the cell viability of CML cell lines and primary CML cells; (iii) Proteasome inhibition by piperlongumine leads to cell apoptosis and downregulation of Bcr-Abl; (iv) Piperlongumine suppresses the tumor growth of CML xenografts. CONCLUSIONS These results support that blockade of proteasome activity by piperlongumine provides a new therapeutic strategy for treating imatinib-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Lan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Min Hu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Liling Jiang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yi Meng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xinmei Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Aochu Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wa Ding
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Haichuan Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Bingyuan Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Guanjie Peng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Siyan Liao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Xianping Shi
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Piperlongumine and bortezomib synergically inhibit cholangiocarcinoma via ER stress-induced cell death. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:109-120. [PMID: 36227332 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a lethal malignancy of the cholangiocytes lining the biliary tree. Only 25% of affected patients are eligible for resection due to late-stage diagnosis. Systemic chemotherapy is recommended for those inoperable patients; however, an inadequate response to such treatment remains a significant obstacle. Piperlongumine (PL) is a biologically active alkaloid that selectively kills various cancer cells through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The role of PL has been shown through its inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The mechanism of PL-induced CCA cell death was investigated by inhibiting the UPS and testing the therapeutic potential of combining PL and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. A single treatment with PL or BTZ suppressed CCA cell growth. Combined treatment with PL with BTZ produced a synergistic interaction, evidenced by (1) a combination index of < 1 and (2) induction of cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of cell cycle markers. PL induced the accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in CCA cells but did not affect proteasome activity. PL, in combination with BTZ, amplified the accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in CCA cells, leading to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response through the induction of X-box binding protein mRNA splicing. Moreover, PL-combined BTZ promoted the activation of a proapoptotic unfolded protein response via the ATF4-CHOP axis. PL induced CCA cell death via increased accumulation of the poly-ubiquitinated proteins. PL also enhanced the anti-cancer activity of BTZ via ER stress-induced CCA cell death. Thus, the combination of PL and BTZ has potential as an alternative therapeutic option for CCA.
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p53, Pirh2, and L1CAM as Promising Prognostic Biomarkers of Endometrial Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical and Genetic Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:713-725. [PMID: 36251972 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic cancer and the current methods for the prediction of its prognosis and treatment response are unfortunately suboptimal. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of p53, Pirh2, and L1CAM in 60 cases of EC using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction. TP53 missense mutations result in nuclear accumulation of p53 protein that can be detected as overexpression by IHC. This is in the form of diffuse strong nuclear positivity involving at least at least >50% of the tumor cells as a whole or if >50% of the tumor cells of a discrete geographical areas. Abnormal p53 IHC expression was expressed in 33.3% of the cases and significantly associated with the tumor grade, myometrial invasion (MI), lymphovascular invasion (LVSI), nodal metastasis, and FIGO stage, and the advanced European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) risk groups (P<0.001 for each). High IHC Pirh2 expression was noted in 58.3% of the cases, and significantly associated with MI, LVSI, nodal metastasis, FIGO stage, and high-risk group (P<0.001, P=0.011, P=0.010, P=0.024, P=0.005, respectively). There was a significant upregulation of Pirh2 mRNA expression in EC specimens as compared with the control adjacent tissues (P=0.001). Upregulated Pirh2 mRNA expression had a significant association with Pirh2 immunostaining, tumor grade, tumor stage, MI, lymph node involvement, LVSI, and relapse (P<0.001 for each). Positive L1CAM immunoexpression was noted in 26.7% and was significantly associated with grade, MI, LVSI, nodal metastasis, FIGO stage, and high-risk group (P=0.003, P=0.023, P=0.003, P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.002, respectively). Analysis of follow-up period revealed that EC with abnormal p53 IHC expression, high pirh2 and positive L1CAM expression exhibited a potent relation with tumor relapse, shorter overall survival and disease-specific survival (P<0.001 for each). Mutant p53, high Pirh2, and L1CAM-positive EC are highly aggressive tumors with a shortened survival rate, dismal outcome, and high risk of relapse after the standard protocol of therapy.
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Qian J, Xu Z, Zhu P, Meng C, Liu Y, Shan W, He A, Gu Y, Ran F, Zhang Y, Ling Y. A Derivative of Piperlongumine and Ligustrazine as a Potential Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitor in Drug-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:3161-3168. [PMID: 34806369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The natural products piperlongumine (1) and ligustrazine (2) have been reported to exert antiproliferative effects against various types of cancer cells by up-regulating the level of reactive oxidative species (ROS). However, the moderate activities of 1 and 2 limit their application. To improve their potential antitumor activity, novel piperlongumine/ligustrazine derivatives were designed and prepared, and their potential pharmacological effects were determined in vitro and in vivo. Among the derivatives obtained, 11 exerted more prominent inhibitory activities against proliferation of drug-sensitive/-resistant cancer cells with lower IC50 values than 1. Particularly, the IC50 value of 11 against drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU cells was 0.9 μM, which was about 9-fold better than that of 1 (IC50 value of 8.4 μM). Mechanistic studies showed that 11 demonstrated thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitory activity, increase of ROS levels, decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential levels, and occurrence of DNA damage and autophagy, in a dose-dependent manner, via regulation of DNA damage protein H2AX and autophagy-associated proteins LC3, beclin-1, and p62 in drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU cells. Finally, compound 11 at 5 mg/kg displayed potent antitumor activity in vivo with tumor suppression of 76% (w/w). Taken together, compound 11 may represent a promising candidate drug for the chemotherapy of drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma and warrant more intensive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Qian
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang He
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Gu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fansheng Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
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Tyagi A, Haq S, Ramakrishna S. Redox regulation of DUBs and its therapeutic implications in cancer. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102194. [PMID: 34814083 PMCID: PMC8608616 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as a double-edged sword in cancer, where low levels of ROS are beneficial but excessive accumulation leads to cancer progression. Elevated levels of ROS in cancer are counteracted by the antioxidant defense system. An imbalance between ROS generation and the antioxidant system alters gene expression and cellular signaling, leading to cancer progression or death. Post-translational modifications, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and SUMOylation, play a critical role in the maintenance of ROS homeostasis by controlling ROS production and clearance. Recent evidence suggests that deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs)-mediated ubiquitin removal from substrates is regulated by ROS. ROS-mediated oxidation of the catalytic cysteine (Cys) of DUBs, leading to their reversible inactivation, has emerged as a key mechanism regulating DUB-controlled cellular events. A better understanding of the mechanism by which DUBs are susceptible to ROS and exploring the ways to utilize ROS to pharmacologically modulate DUB-mediated signaling pathways might provide new insight for anticancer therapeutics. This review assesses the recent findings regarding ROS-mediated signaling in cancers, emphasizes DUB regulation by oxidation, highlights the relevant recent findings, and proposes directions of future research based on the ROS-induced modifications of DUB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorvi Tyagi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Saba Haq
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Zhu P, Qian J, Xu Z, Meng C, Zhu W, Ran F, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Overview of piperlongumine analogues and their therapeutic potential. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113471. [PMID: 33930801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have long been an important source for discovery of new drugs to treat human diseases. Piperlongumine (PL) is an amide alkaloid isolated from Piper longum L. (long piper) and other piper plants and has received widespread attention because of its diverse biological activities. A large number of PL derivatives have been designed, synthesized and assessed in many pharmacological functions, including antiplatelet aggregation, neuroprotective activities, anti-diabetic activities, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-senolytic activities, immune activities, and antitumor activities. Among them, the anti-tumor effects and application of PL and its derivatives are most extensively studied. We herein summarize the development of PL derivatives, the structure and activity relationships (SARs), and their therapeutic potential on the treatments of various diseases, especially against cancer. We also discussed the challenges and future directions associated with PL and its derivatives in these indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Fansheng Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Yong Ling
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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10
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Wang X, Qian J, Zhu P, Hua R, Liu J, Hang J, Meng C, Shan W, Miao J, Ling Y. Novel Phenylmethylenecyclohexenone Derivatives as Potent TrxR Inhibitors Display High Antiproliferative Activity and Induce ROS, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:702-712. [PMID: 33085980 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The natural product piperlonguminine (PL) has been shown to exert potential anticancer activity against several types of cancer via elevation of reactive oxidative species (ROS). However, the application of PL has been limited due to its poor water solubility and moderate activity. To improve PL's potency, we designed and synthesized a series of 17 novel phenylmethylenecyclohexenone derivatives and evaluated their pharmacological properties. Most of them exerted antiproliferative activities against four cancer cell lines with IC50 values lower than PL. Among these, compound 10 e not only showed good water solubility and exerted the most potent antiproliferative activity against HGC27 cells (IC50 =0.76 μM), which was 10-fold lower than PL (IC50 =7.53 μM), but also exhibited lower cytotoxicity in human normal gastric epithelial cells GES-1 compared with HGC27 cells. Mechanistically, compound 10 e inhibited thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity, increased ROS levels, and diminished mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) in HGC27 cells. Furthermore, 10 e also induced G2 /M cell-cycle arrest, and triggered cancer cell apoptosis through the regulation of apoptotic proteins. Finally, 10 e promoted DNA damage in HGC27 cells via the activation of the H2AX(S139ph) and p53 signaling. In conclusion, 10 e, with prominent tumor selectivity and water solubility, could be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer and, as such, warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, 225300, China.,School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jiaying Hang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jiefei Miao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
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11
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Zhu P, Qian J, Xu Z, Meng C, Liu J, Shan W, Zhu W, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Piperlonguminine and Piperine Analogues as TrxR Inhibitors that Promote ROS and Autophagy and Regulate p38 and Akt/mTOR Signaling. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3041-3049. [PMID: 33026807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The natural products piperlongumine and piperine have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation through elevation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and eventually cell death, but only have modest cytotoxic potencies. A series of 14 novel phenylallylidenecyclohexenone analogues based on piperlongumine and piperine therefore were designed and synthesized, and their pharmacological properties were evaluated. Most of the compounds produced antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cells with IC50 values lower than those of piperlongumine and piperine. Among these, compound 9m exerted the most potent antiproliferative activity against drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU human liver cancer 5-FU resistant cells (IC50 = 0.8 μM), which was approximately 10-fold lower than piperlongumine (IC50 = 8.4 μM). Further, 9m showed considerably lower cytotoxicity against LO2 human normal liver epithelial cells compared to Bel-7402/5-FU. Mechanistically, compound 9m inhibited thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity, increased ROS levels, reduced mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), and induced autophagy in Bel-7402/5-FU cells via regulation of autophagy-related proteins LC3, p62, and beclin-1. Finally, 9m activated significantly the p38 signaling pathways and suppressed the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. In conclusion, 9m could be a promising candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant cancer cells and, as such, warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
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12
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Meng C, Qian J, Xu Z, Liu J, Shan W, Zhu P, Zhu W, Miao J, Ling CC, Ling Y. Efficacy of novel methylenecyclohexenone derivatives as TrxR inhibitors in suppressing the proliferation and metastasis of human cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104360. [PMID: 33074118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of mono- and di-methylenecyclohexenone derivatives, 3a-f and 4a-f, respectively, were designed and synthesized from piperlongumine (PL) and their in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties were evaluated. A majority of the compounds exhibited a potent antiproliferative effect on five human cancer cell lines, especially those causing breast cancer. Compound 4f showed the highest antiproliferative potency among all of the compounds, almost a 10-fold higher inhibitory potency against thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) compared with PL in cells causing breast cancer. In addition, 4f was found to increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus leading to more potent antiproliferative effects. More importantly, the suppression assays of migration and invasion revealed that compound 4f could reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by the transforming growth factor β1, and exhibit prominent anti-metastasis effects. Compound 4f also showed strong inhibition potency toward solid tumors of breast cancer in vivo. Our findings show that compound 4f is a promising therapeutic candidate in the treatment of breast cancer, which, however, needs further research to be proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Meng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiefei Miao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Chun Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Liang J, Ziegler JD, Jahraus B, Orlik C, Blatnik R, Blank N, Niesler B, Wabnitz G, Ruppert T, Hübner K, Balta E, Samstag Y. Piperlongumine Acts as an Immunosuppressant by Exerting Prooxidative Effects in Human T Cells Resulting in Diminished T H17 but Enhanced T reg Differentiation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1172. [PMID: 32595640 PMCID: PMC7303365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a natural small molecule derived from the Piper longum Linn plant, has received growing interest as a prooxidative drug with promising anticancer properties. Yet, the influence of PL on primary human T cells remained elusive. Knowledge of this is of crucial importance, however, since T cells in particular play a critical role in tumor control. Therefore, we investigated the effects of PL on the survival and function of primary human peripheral blood T cells (PBTs). While PL was not cytotoxic to PBTs, it interfered with several stages of T cell activation as it inhibited T cell/APC immune synapse formation, co-stimulation-induced upregulation of CD69 and CD25, T cell proliferation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. PL-induced immune suppression was prevented in the presence of thiol-containing antioxidants. In line with this finding, PL increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and decreased glutathione in PBTs. Diminished intracellular glutathione was accompanied by a decrease in S-glutathionylation on actin suggesting a global alteration of the antioxidant response. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that TH17-related genes were predominantly inhibited by PL. Consistently, the polarization of primary human naïve CD4+ T cells into TH17 subsets was significantly diminished while differentiation into Treg cells was substantially increased upon PL treatment. This opposed consequence for TH17 and Treg cells was again abolished by thiol-containing antioxidants. Taken together, PL may act as a promising agent for therapeutic immunosuppression by exerting prooxidative effects in human T cells resulting in a diminished TH17 but enhanced Treg cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline D. Ziegler
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beate Jahraus
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Orlik
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renata Blatnik
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Blank
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beate Niesler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- nCounter Core Facility, Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Wabnitz
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hübner
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emre Balta
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Samstag
- Section Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Selvaraju K, Mofers A, Pellegrini P, Salomonsson J, Ahlner A, Morad V, Hillert EK, Espinosa B, Arnér ESJ, Jensen L, Malmström J, Turkina MV, D'Arcy P, Walters MA, Sunnerhagen M, Linder S. Cytotoxic unsaturated electrophilic compounds commonly target the ubiquitin proteasome system. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9841. [PMID: 31285509 PMCID: PMC6614553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of natural products have been advocated as anticancer agents. Many of these compounds contain functional groups characterized by chemical reactivity. It is not clear whether distinct mechanisms of action can be attributed to such compounds. We used a chemical library screening approach to demonstrate that a substantial fraction (~20%) of cytotoxic synthetic compounds containing Michael acceptor groups inhibit proteasome substrate processing and induce a cellular response characteristic of proteasome inhibition. Biochemical and structural analyses showed binding to and inhibition of proteasome-associated cysteine deubiquitinases, in particular ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14). The results suggested that compounds bind to a crevice close to the USP14 active site with modest affinity, followed by covalent binding. A subset of compounds was identified where cell death induction was closely associated with proteasome inhibition and that showed significant antineoplastic activity in a zebrafish embryo model. These findings suggest that proteasome inhibition is a relatively common mode of action by cytotoxic compounds containing Michael acceptor groups and help to explain previous reports on the antineoplastic effects of natural products containing such functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Selvaraju
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Arjan Mofers
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paola Pellegrini
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johannes Salomonsson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Ahlner
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Vivian Morad
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Belen Espinosa
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Maria V Turkina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine SE-58185 Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Padraig D'Arcy
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michael A Walters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, United States
| | - Maria Sunnerhagen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden.
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Li L, Zhao Y, Cao R, Li L, Cai G, Li J, Qi X, Chen S, Zhang Z. Activity-based protein profiling reveals GSTO1 as the covalent target of piperlongumine and a promising target for combination therapy for cancer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4407-4410. [PMID: 30916079 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00917e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through systematic target identification for piperlongumine, a cancer-selective killing molecule, we identified GSTO1 as its major covalent target for cancer cell death induction. We also reveal that GSTO1 inhibition is a promising combination strategy with other anti-cancer agents by drug combination screening in which piperlongumine exhibits broad-spectrum synergistic effects with a large proportion of the tested anti-cancer agents, especially with PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 7 Science Park Rd., ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing, P. R. China.
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16
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17
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Zhang X, Pellegrini P, Saei AA, Hillert EK, Mazurkiewicz M, Olofsson MH, Zubarev RA, D'Arcy P, Linder S. The deubiquitinase inhibitor b-AP15 induces strong proteotoxic stress and mitochondrial damage. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:291-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Zou Y, Zhao D, Yan C, Ji Y, Liu J, Xu J, Lai Y, Tian J, Zhang Y, Huang Z. Novel Ligustrazine-Based Analogs of Piperlongumine Potently Suppress Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1821-1832. [PMID: 29424539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine 1 increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and preferably induces cancer cell apoptosis by triggering different pathways. However, the poor solubility of 1 limits its intensive investigation and clinical application. Ligustrazine possesses a water-soluble pyrazine skeleton and can inhibit proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. We synthesized compound 3 by replacement of the trimethoxyphenyl of 1 with ligustrazine moiety and further introduced 2-Cl, -Br, and -I to 3 for synthesis of 4-6, respectively. Compound 4 possessed 14-fold greater aqueous solubility than 1 and increased ROS levels in colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells. Additionally, 4 preferably inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and heteroadhesion of HCT-116 cells. Treatment with 4 suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, 4 mitigated TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Wnt/β-catenin activation by inhibiting the Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation in HCT-116 cells. Collectively, 4 displayed significant antiproliferation and antimetastasis activities, superior to 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , Wuhan University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei Province 430065 , P. R. China
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , P. R. China
| | - Chang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Yisheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Jide Tian
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
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19
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Bosc E, Nastri J, Lefort V, Valli M, Contiguiba F, Pioli R, Furlan M, Bolzani VDS, El Amri C, Reboud-Ravaux M. Piperlongumine and some of its analogs inhibit selectively the human immunoproteasome over the constitutive proteasome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:961-966. [PMID: 29355526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The natural small molecule piperlongumine A is toxic selectively to cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This toxicity has been correlated with cancer cell ROS, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death increases. We demonstrate here a new mechanistic property of piperlongumine: it inhibits selectively human immunoproteasome with no noticeable inhibition of human constitutive proteasome. This result suggests that immunoproteasome inhibition, a mechanism independent of ROS elevation, may also partly play a role in the anticancer effects observed with piperlongumine. Structure-activity relationships of piperlongumine analogs suggest that the lactam (piperidonic) ring of piperlongumine A may be replaced by the linear olefin -NHCO-CH2=CH2 to improve both in vitro inhibitory efficiency against immunoproteasome and cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bosc
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France
| | - Jhennifer Nastri
- Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Valérie Lefort
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France
| | - Marilia Valli
- Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Contiguiba
- Institute for Natural Products Research Walter Mors, Health Sciences Center - HSC, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, 21941902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renan Pioli
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of São Paulo - USP, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maysa Furlan
- Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
- Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Chahrazade El Amri
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France.
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France.
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Araújo-Vilges KMD, Oliveira SVD, Couto SCP, Fokoue HH, Romero GAS, Kato MJ, Romeiro LAS, Leite JRSA, Kuckelhaus SAS. Effect of piplartine and cinnamides on Leishmania amazonensis, Plasmodium falciparum and on peritoneal cells of Swiss mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1601-1607. [PMID: 28415906 PMCID: PMC6130495 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1313870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Plants of the Piperaceae family produce piplartine that was used to synthesize the cinnamides. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of piplartine (1) and cinnamides (2-5) against the protozoa responsible for malaria and leishmaniasis, and peritoneal cells of Swiss mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cultures of Leishmania amazonensis, Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes, and peritoneal cells were incubated, in triplicate, with different concentrations of the compounds (0 to 256 μg/mL). The inhibitory concentration (IC50) in L. amazonensis and cytotoxic concentration (CC50) in peritoneal cell were assessed by the MTT method after 6 h of incubation, while the IC50 for P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes was determined by optical microscopy after 48 or 72 h of incubation; the Selectivity Index (SI) was calculated by CC50/IC50. RESULTS All compounds inhibited the growth of microorganisms, being more effective against P. falciparum after 72 h of incubation, especially for the compounds 1 (IC50 = 3.2 μg/mL) and 5 (IC50 = 6.6 μg/mL), than to L. amazonensis (compound 1 = 179.0 μg/mL; compound 5 = 106.0 μg/mL). Despite all compounds reducing the viability of peritoneal cells, the SI were <10 to L. amazonensis, whereas in the cultures of P. falciparum the SI >10 for the piplartine (>37.4) and cinnamides 4 (>10.7) and 5 (= 38.4). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The potential of piplartine and cinnamides 4 and 5 in the treatment of malaria suggest further pre-clinical studies to evaluate their effects in murine malaria and to determine their mechanisms in cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Vilges de Oliveira
- b Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
| | - Shirley Claudino Pereira Couto
- a Laboratory of Cell Immunology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia Campus Darcy Ribeiro , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Romero
- c Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Nucleo of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
| | - Massuo Jorge Kato
- d Institute of Chemistry , University of São Paulo , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro
- e Laboratory of Development and Therapeutic Innovation, Nucleo of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
| | | | - Selma Aparecida Souza Kuckelhaus
- a Laboratory of Cell Immunology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia Campus Darcy Ribeiro , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
- f Laboratory of Morphology Faculty of Medicine , University of Brasilia Campus Darcy Ribeiro , Brasilia - DF , Brazil
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High Expression of Pirh2 is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:1501-1509. [PMID: 28258514 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
p53-induced protein with a RING-H2 domain (Pirh2), also known as Rchy1, is an ubiquitin E3 ligase that regulates the turnover and functionality of several proteins involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death. However, it remains unclear whether aberrant expression of Pirh2 is involved in the development of glioma, a major type of primary brain tumor in adults. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses showed that Pirh2 was highly expressed in glioma specimens, compared with normal brain tissues. High Pirh2 expression was positively correlated with higher tumor grade, as well as Ki-67 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with high Pirh2 expression had worsened prognosis, compared with those with low Pirh2 expression. Moreover, to determine whether Pirh2 could regulate malignant behavior of glioma cells, we transfected glioma cells with interfering RNA targeting Pirh2 to specifically silence Pirh2 expression. Mechanistically, our results indicated that knockdown of Pirh2 induced the apoptosis of glioma cells. In addition, depletion of Pirh2 diminished the expression of PCNA and cyclin D1 and led to cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Taken together, these findings for the first time suggest that Pirh2 might play an important role in the regulation of glioma proliferation and apoptosis and thus serve as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of glioma.
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22
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Harshbarger W, Gondi S, Ficarro SB, Hunter J, Udayakumar D, Gurbani D, Singer WD, Liu Y, Li L, Marto JA, Westover KD. Structural and Biochemical Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 Inhibition by the Anti-cancer Compound Piperlongumine. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:112-120. [PMID: 27872191 PMCID: PMC5217671 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.750299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tumors and is a putative target of the plant compound piperlongumine (PL), which contains two reactive olefins and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells but not normal cells. PL exposure of cancer cells results in increased reactive oxygen species and decreased GSH. These data in tandem with other information led to the conclusion that PL inhibits GSTP1, which forms covalent bonds between GSH and various electrophilic compounds, through covalent adduct formation at the C7-C8 olefin of PL, whereas the C2-C3 olefin of PL was postulated to react with GSH. However, direct evidence for this mechanism has been lacking. To investigate, we solved the X-ray crystal structure of GSTP1 bound to PL and GSH at 1.1 Å resolution to rationalize previously reported structure activity relationship studies. Surprisingly, the structure showed that a hydrolysis product of PL (hPL) was conjugated to glutathione at the C7-C8 olefin, and this complex was bound to the active site of GSTP1; no covalent bond formation between hPL and GSTP1 was observed. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the reactions between PL and GSTP1 confirmed that PL does not label GSTP1. Moreover, MS data also indicated that nucleophilic attack on PL at the C2-C3 olefin led to PL hydrolysis. Although hPL inhibits GSTP1 enzymatic activity in vitro, treatment of cells susceptible to PL with hPL did not have significant anti-proliferative effects, suggesting that hPL is not membrane-permeable. Altogether, our data suggest a model wherein PL is a prodrug whose intracellular hydrolysis initiates the formation of the hPL-GSH conjugate, which blocks the active site of and inhibits GSTP1 and thereby cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Harshbarger
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Sudershan Gondi
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Scott B Ficarro
- the Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - John Hunter
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Durga Udayakumar
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - William D Singer
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Yan Liu
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Lianbo Li
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- the Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Kenneth D Westover
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
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Wang Y, Chang J, Liu X, Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhou D, Zheng G. Discovery of piperlongumine as a potential novel lead for the development of senolytic agents. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:2915-2926. [PMID: 27913811 PMCID: PMC5191878 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that senescent cells play an important role in many age-associated diseases. The pharmacological depletion of senescent cells (SCs) with a "senolytic agent", a small molecule that selectively kills SCs, is a potential novel therapeutic approach for these diseases. Recently, we discovered ABT-263, a potent and highly selective senolytic agent, by screening a library of rationally-selected compounds. With this screening approach, we also identified a second senolytic agent called piperlongumine (PL). PL is a natural product that is reported to have many pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor activity. We show here that PL preferentially killed senescent human WI-38 fibroblasts when senescence was induced by ionizing radiation, replicative exhaustion, or ectopic expression of the oncogene Ras. PL killed SCs by inducing apoptosis, and this process did not require the induction of reactive oxygen species. In addition, we found that PL synergistically killed SCs in combination with ABT-263, and initial structural modifications to PL identified analogs with improved potency and/or selectivity in inducing SC death. Overall, our studies demonstrate that PL is a novel lead for developing senolytic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jianhui Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Xingui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Suping Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Yao Y, Sun Y, Shi M, Xia D, Zhao K, Zeng L, Yao R, Zhang Y, Li Z, Niu M, Xu K. Piperlongumine induces apoptosis and reduces bortezomib resistance by inhibiting STAT3 in multiple myeloma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:73497-73508. [PMID: 27634873 PMCID: PMC5341994 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective new therapies are urgently needed for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable hematological malignancy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of piperlongumine on MM cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Piperlongumine inhibited the proliferation of MM cells by inducing cell apoptosis and blocking osteoclastogenesis. Notably, piperlongumine also reduced bortezomib resistance in MM cells. In a disseminated MM mouse model, piperlongumine prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice without causing any obvious toxicity. Mechanistically, piperlongumine inhibited the STAT3 signal pathway in MM cells by binding directly to the STAT3 Cys712 residue. These findings suggest that the clinical use of piperlongumine to overcome bortezomib resistance in MM should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Sun
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min Shi
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Yao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
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25
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Matschke J, Riffkin H, Klein D, Handrick R, Lüdemann L, Metzen E, Shlomi T, Stuschke M, Jendrossek V. Targeted Inhibition of Glutamine-Dependent Glutathione Metabolism Overcomes Death Resistance Induced by Chronic Cycling Hypoxia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:89-107. [PMID: 27021152 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tumor hypoxia is a major biological factor causing poor patient outcome. Evidence is increasing that improved protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) participates in therapy resistance of chronically hypoxic cancer cells. We aimed at characterizing the relevance of improved ROS defense for radiation resistance of cancer cells with tolerance to cycling anoxia/re-oxygenation stress ("anoxia-tolerant") and at designing rational treatment strategies for overcoming the resulting therapy resistance by targeting the underlying mechanisms identified in an in vitro model. RESULTS We demonstrate that chronic exposure of NCH-H460 lung adenocarcinoma, DU145 prostate cancer, and T98G glioblastoma cells to cycling anoxia/re-oxygenation stress induced upregulation of the aspartate-aminotransferase glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT1), particularly in RAS-driven anoxia-tolerant NCI-H460 cells. Altered glutamine utilization of the anoxia-tolerant cancer cells contributed to the observed decrease in cellular ROS levels, the increase in cellular glutathione levels, and improved cell survival on ROS-inducing treatments, including exposure to ionizing radiation. Importantly, targeting glutamine-dependent antioxidant capacity or glutathione metabolism allowed us to hit anoxia-tolerant cancer cells and to overcome their increased resistance to radiation-induced cell death. Targeting glutathione metabolism by Piperlongumine also improved the radiation response of anoxia-tolerant NCI-H460 cells in vivo. INNOVATION Improved antioxidant capacity downstream of up-regulated GOT1-expression is a characteristic of anoxia-tolerant cancer cells and is predictive for a specific vulnerability to inhibition of glutamine utilization or glutathione metabolism, respectively. CONCLUSION Unraveling the molecular alterations underlying improved ROS defense of anoxia-tolerant cancer cells allows the design of rational strategies for overcoming radiation resistance caused by tumor cell heterogeneity in hypoxic tumors. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 89-107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Matschke
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Helena Riffkin
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - René Handrick
- 2 Institute of Applied Biotechnology (IAB), University of Applied Sciences , Biberach, Germany
| | - Lutz Lüdemann
- 3 Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Eric Metzen
- 4 Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Tomer Shlomi
- 5 Department of Computer Science and Biology & Lokey Center for Life Science and Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Martin Stuschke
- 3 Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
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Bullova P, Cougnoux A, Abunimer L, Kopacek J, Pastorekova S, Pacak K. Hypoxia potentiates the cytotoxic effect of piperlongumine in pheochromocytoma models. Oncotarget 2016; 7:40531-40545. [PMID: 27244895 PMCID: PMC5130026 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that activates a plethora of pathways, resulting in proliferation and resistance of cancer cells to radio- and chemotherapy. Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PHEOs/PGLs) with mutations in the gene coding for the subunit B of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHB) are the most aggressive forms of the disease, which is partially due to their pseudohypoxic character, metabolic abnormalities, and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. We investigated the effect of piperlongumine (PL), a natural product with cytotoxic properties restricted to cancer cells by significantly increasing intracellular ROS levels, on PHEO cells. Here we report for the first time that PL mediates PHEO cell death by activating both apoptosis and necroptosis in vitro and in vivo. This effect is magnified in hypoxic conditions, making PL a promising potential candidate for use as a therapeutic option for patients with PHEO/PGL, including those with SDHB mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bullova
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antony Cougnoux
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Luma Abunimer
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Juraj Kopacek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Wang H, Liu J, Gao G, Wu X, Wang X, Yang H. Protection effect of piperine and piperlonguminine from Piper longum L. alkaloids against rotenone-induced neuronal injury. Brain Res 2016; 1639:214-27. [PMID: 26232071 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Currently available treatment approaches for Parkinson׳s disease (PD) are limited in terms of variety and efficacy. Piper longum L. (PLL; Piperaceae) is used in traditional medicine in Asia and the Pacific Islands, with demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in preclinical studies, and alkaloid extracts of PLL have shown protective effects in PD models. The present study investigated the mechanistic basis for the observed protective effects of PLL. Rats treated with PLL-derived alkaloids showed improvement in rotenone-induced motor deficits, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was decreased, mitochondrial membrane potential was stabilized, and the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP)-which is involved in ROS production-was inhibited. In addition, rotenone-induced apoptosis was abrogated in the presence of these alkaloids, while a pretreatment stimulated autophagy, likely mitigating neuronal injury by the removal of damaged mitochondria. These findings provide novel insight into the neuroprotective function of PLL as well as evidence in favor of its use in PD treatment. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Center of Parkinson׳s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Wang Y, Wu X, Zhou Y, Jiang H, Pan S, Sun B. Piperlongumine Suppresses Growth and Sensitizes Pancreatic Tumors to Gemcitabine in a Xenograft Mouse Model by Modulating the NF-kappa B Pathway. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:234-44. [PMID: 26667450 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy, which generally respond poorly to chemotherapy. Hence, novel agents that are safe and effective are highly needed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether piperlongumine, a natural product isolated from the fruit of the pepper Piper longum, has any efficacy against human pancreatic cancer when used either alone or in combination with gemcitabine in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. In vitro, piperlongumine inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines, potentiated the apoptotic effects of gemcitabine, inhibited the constitutive and inducible activation of NF-κB, and suppressed the NF-κB-regulated expression of c-Myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Survivin, XIAP, VEGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Furthermore, in an in vivo xenograft model, we found piperlongumine alone significantly suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the antitumor properties of gemcitabine. These results were consistent with the downregulation of NF-κB activity and its target genes, decreased proliferation (PCNA and Ki-67), decreased microvessel density (CD31), and increased apoptosis (TUNEL) in tumor remnants. Collectively, our results suggest that piperlongumine alone exhibits significant antitumor effects against human pancreatic cancer and it further enhances the therapeutic effects of gemcitabine, possibly through the modulation of NF-κB- and NF-κB-regulated gene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangsong Wu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinan Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangha Pan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system has been recognized as fundamental toward protein turnover in eukaryotic cells. The system comprises the ubiquitin conjugation machinery consisting of an enzyme cascade of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes, the deubiquitinases (DUBs) and the proteasome, a multisubunit protease complex acting through an N-terminal threonine protease mechanism. A number of natural product inhibitors of the proteasome have been studied in detail and these inhibitors and their derivatives have been highly valuable in developing our understanding of this system. These efforts culminated in the successful development of bortezomib as a pharmacological agent used clinically as a cancer therapeutic in the treatment of multiple myeloma. This review is focused on natural product inhibitors of the enzymes involved in intracellular ubiquitin conjugation (ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, ubiquitin ligase E3) and ubiquitin deconjugation (DUBs). Members of both of these enzyme systems have been proposed as pharmacological targets for cancer therapy and several other diseases. Furthermore compounds with activities toward enzymes from the analogous ubiquitin-like (Ubl) protein families have been identified for SUMO and NEDD8. To date natural product inhibitors have been described for members of each of these protein families and were isolated from plant, fungal, animal, and microbial sources. Insights into the mechanism of action of natural products and their derivatives will enhance our understanding of this complex system and will improve our ability to rationally design novel inhibitors. The increased availability of assays and research tools for the study of protein ubiquitination, deubiquitination, and Ubl proteins will contribute to the discovery of more potent and selective compounds. We expect that these studies will stimulate development of further potential pharmacological agents in this area.
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Yuan H, Houck KL, Tian Y, Bharadwaj U, Hull K, Zhou Z, Zhou M, Wu X, Tweardy DJ, Romo D, Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Dong JF. Piperlongumine Blocks JAK2-STAT3 to Inhibit Collagen-Induced Platelet Reactivity Independent of Reactive Oxygen Species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143964. [PMID: 26645674 PMCID: PMC4672935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piperlongumine (PL) is a compound isolated from the piper longum plant. It possesses anti-cancer activities through blocking the transcription factor STAT3 and by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer, but not normal cells. It also inhibits platelet aggregation induced by collagen, but the underlying mechanism is not known. OBJECTIVE We conducted in vitro experiments to test the hypothesis that PL regulates a non-transcriptional activity of STAT3 to specifically reduce the reactivity of human platelets to collagen. RESULTS PL dose-dependently blocked collagen-induced platelet aggregation, calcium influx, CD62p expression and thrombus formation on collagen with a maximal inhibition at 100 μM. It reduced platelet microvesiculation induced by collagen. PL blocked the activation of JAK2 and STAT3 in collagen-stimulated platelets. This inhibitory effect was significantly reduced in platelets pretreated with a STAT3 inhibitor. Although PL induced ROS production in platelets; quenching ROS using excessive reducing agents: 20 μM GSH and 0.5 mM L-Cysteine, did not block the inhibitory effects. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor Apocynin also had no effect. CONCLUSIONS PL inhibited collagen-induced platelet reactivity by targeting the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. We also provide experimental evidence that PL and collagen induce different oxidants that have differential effects on platelets. Studying these differential effects may uncover new mechanisms of regulating platelet functions by oxidants in redox signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjie Yuan
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Katie L. Houck
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ye Tian
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Uddalak Bharadwaj
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ken Hull
- The Natural Products LINCHPIN Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mingzhao Zhou
- The Natural Products LINCHPIN Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David J. Tweardy
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Daniel Romo
- The Natural Products LINCHPIN Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyun Fu
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Medicine Division, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-fei Dong
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Chen B, Li C, Zhang L, Lv J, Tong Y. Screening of biomarkers in cervical squamous cell carcinomas via gene expression profiling. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6985-9. [PMID: 26398134 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, gene expression profiles of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) were analyzed using bioinformatic tools to identify key genes and potential biomarkers. Analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed for HSIL vs. normal control and invasive CSCC vs. normal control tissues using the Limma package in R. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using KOBAS. A protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network for the DEGs in invasive CSCC was constructed using String. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for the DEGs in the PPI network using DAVID. Relevant small molecules were predicted using Cmap. A total of 633 and 881 DEGs were identified in HSIL and invasive CSCC, respectively, and the two groups had 305 DEGs in common. Genes associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway were enriched in the HSIL, while cell cycle-associated genes were over‑represented in invasive CSCC. The PPI network, containing 72 upregulated genes and 434 edges, was illustrated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the cell cycle was the most significant gene ontology term. A total of six small molecules associated with the pathology of CSCC were identified, including the anti-cancer drug piperlongumine, which showed a negative correlation. The findings of the present study not only enhanced the current understanding of the pathogenesis of CSCC, but may also be a basis for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of The Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Chundong Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of The Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of The Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Lv
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of The Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of The Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
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Li W, Wen C, Bai H, Wang X, Zhang X, Huang L, Yang X, Iwamoto A, Liu H. JNK signaling pathway is involved in piperlongumine-mediated apoptosis in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:709-715. [PMID: 26622558 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PPLGM), an alkaloid isolated from the long pepper (Piper longum L.), can selectively trigger cancer cell death in colorectal cancer cells. The present study investigated whether the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is involved in PPLGM-induced apoptosis in the human colorectal cancer HCT116 cell line. The results demonstrated that PPLGM reduced the cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, without a significant effect on cell cycle distribution. Meanwhile, treatment with 10 µM PPLGM resulted in JNK activation within 1 h, and a marked and sustained increase in c-Jun phosphorylation in the HCT116 cells. In addition, SP600125, a general inhibitor of JNK, inhibited PPLGM-induced apoptosis in the HCT116 cells by inhibiting PPLGM-induced c-Jun phosphorylation. Altogether, it can be concluded that the JNK signaling pathway, at least in part, is involved in PPLGM-mediated apoptosis in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Huang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiangling Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Aikichi Iwamoto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China ; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Sun LD, Wang F, Dai F, Wang YH, Lin D, Zhou B. Development and mechanism investigation of a new piperlongumine derivative as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 95:156-69. [PMID: 25850000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation, especially chronic inflammation, is directly involvement in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. An effective approach for managing inflammation is to employ chemicals to block activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key regulator for inflammatory processes. Piperlongumine (piplartine, PL), an electrophilic molecule isolated from Piper longum L., possesses excellent anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, a new PL analogue (PL-0N) was designed by replacing nitrogen atom of lactam in PL with carbon atom to increase its electrophilicity and thus anti-inflammatory activity. It was found that PL-0N is more potent than the parent compound in suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 as well as expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW264.7 macrophages. Mechanistic investigation implies that PL-0N exerts anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB transduction pathway, down-regulation of LPS-induced MAPKs activation and impairment of proteasomal activity, but also enhancement of LPS-induced autophagy; the inhibition of NF-κB by PL-0N is achieved at various stages by: (i) preventing phosphorylation of IKKα/β, (ii) stabilizing the suppressor protein IκBα, (iii) interfering with the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and (iv) inhibiting the DNA-binding of NF-κB. These data indicate that nitrogen-atom-lacking pattern is a successful strategy to improve anti-inflammatory property of PL, and that the novel molecule, PL-0N may be served as a promising lead for developing natural product-directed anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Di Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Fu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yi-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Dong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
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Xiong XX, Liu JM, Qiu XY, Pan F, Yu SB, Chen XQ. Piperlongumine induces apoptotic and autophagic death of the primary myeloid leukemia cells from patients via activation of ROS-p38/JNK pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:362-74. [PMID: 25619389 PMCID: PMC4349924 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of piperlongumine (PL), an anticancer alkaloid from long pepper plants, on the primary myeloid leukemia cells from patients and the mechanisms of action. METHODS Human BM samples were obtained from 9 patients with acute or chronic myeloid leukemias and 2 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were isolated and cultured. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay, and apoptosis was examined with PI staining or flow cytometry. ROS levels in the cells were determined using DCFH-DA staining and flow cytometry. Expression of apoptotic and autophagic signaling proteins was analyzed using Western blotting. RESULTS PL inhibited the viability of BMMNCs from the patients with myeloid leukemias (with IC50 less than 20 μmol/L), but not that of BMMNCs from a patient with MDS. Furthermore, PL (10 and 20 μmol/L) induced apoptosis of BMMNCs from the patients with myeloid leukemias in a dose-dependent manner. PL markedly increased ROS levels in BMMNCs from the patients with myeloid leukemias, whereas pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine abolished PL-induced ROS accumulation and effectively reduced PL-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, PL markedly increased the expression of the apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3) and autophagic proteins (Beclin-1 and LC3B), and phosphorylation of p38 and JNK in BMMNCs from the patients with myeloid leukemias, whereas pretreatment with the specific p38 inhibitor SB203580 or the specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 partially reversed PL-induced ROS production, apoptotic/autophagic signaling activation and cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Piperlongumine induces apoptotic and autophagic death of the primary myeloid leukemia cells from patients via activation of ROS-p38/JNK pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dioxolanes/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Enzyme Activation
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Primary Cell Culture
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-xin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ju-mei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin-yao Qiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shang-bin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao-qian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Seo YH, Kim JK, Jun JG. Synthesis and biological evaluation of piperlongumine derivatives as potent anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5727-5730. [PMID: 25453809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) and its derivatives were synthesized by the direct reaction between acid chloride of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid and various amides/lactams. Later their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW-264.7 macrophages. Of the piperlogs prepared in this study, the maximum (91%) inhibitory activity was observed with PL (IC50=3 μM) but showed cytotoxicity whereas compound 3 (IC50=6 μM) which possess α,β-unsaturated γ-butyrolactam moiety offered good level (65%) of activity with no cytotoxicity. This study revealed that amide/lactam moiety connected to cinnamoyl group with minimum 3 carbon chain length and α,β-unsaturation is fruitful to show potent anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwa Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeungsan-Si 700-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gab Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
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Brnjic S, Mazurkiewicz M, Fryknäs M, Sun C, Zhang X, Larsson R, D'Arcy P, Linder S. Induction of tumor cell apoptosis by a proteasome deubiquitinase inhibitor is associated with oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2271-85. [PMID: 24011031 PMCID: PMC4241954 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS b-AP15 is a recently described inhibitor of the USP14/UCHL5 deubiquitinases (DUBs) of the 19S proteasome. Exposure to b-AP15 results in blocking of proteasome function and accumulation of polyubiquitinated protein substrates in cells. This novel mechanism of proteasome inhibition may potentially be exploited for cancer therapy, in particular for treatment of malignancies resistant to currently used proteasome inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to characterize the cellular response to b-AP15-mediated proteasome DUB inhibition. RESULTS We report that b-AP15 elicits a similar, but yet distinct, cellular response as the clinically used proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. b-AP15 induces a rapid apoptotic response, associated with enhanced induction of oxidative stress and rapid activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK)/activating protein-1 signaling. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species and pharmacological inhibition of JNK reduced b-AP15-induced apoptosis. We further report that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is induced by b-AP15 and is involved in apoptosis induction. In contrast to bortezomib, ER stress is associated with induction of α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 phosphorylation. INNOVATION The findings establish that different modes of proteasome inhibition result in distinct cellular responses, a finding of potential therapeutic importance. CONCLUSION Our data show that enhanced oxidative stress and ER stress are major determinants of the strong apoptotic response elicited by the 19S DUB inhibitor b-AP15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Brnjic
- 1 Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm, Sweden
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Ovadje P, Ma D, Tremblay P, Roma A, Steckle M, Guerrero JA, Arnason JT, Pandey S. Evaluation of the efficacy & biochemical mechanism of cell death induction by Piper longum extract selectively in in-vitro and in-vivo models of human cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113250. [PMID: 25401766 PMCID: PMC4234676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently chemotherapy is limited mostly to genotoxic drugs that are associated with severe side effects due to non-selective targeting of normal tissue. Natural products play a significant role in the development of most chemotherapeutic agents, with 74.8% of all available chemotherapy being derived from natural products. Objective To scientifically assess and validate the anticancer potential of an ethanolic extract of the fruit of the Long pepper (PLX), a plant of the piperaceae family that has been used in traditional medicine, especially Ayurveda and investigate the anticancer mechanism of action of PLX against cancer cells. Materials & Methods Following treatment with ethanolic long pepper extract, cell viability was assessed using a water-soluble tetrazolium salt; apoptosis induction was observed following nuclear staining by Hoechst, binding of annexin V to the externalized phosphatidyl serine and phase contrast microscopy. Image-based cytometry was used to detect the effect of long pepper extract on the production of reactive oxygen species and the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential following Tetramethylrhodamine or 5,5,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine chloride staining (JC-1). Assessment of PLX in-vivo was carried out using Balb/C mice (toxicity) and CD-1 nu/nu immunocompromised mice (efficacy). HPLC analysis enabled detection of some primary compounds present within our long pepper extract. Results Our results indicated that an ethanolic long pepper extract selectively induces caspase-independent apoptosis in cancer cells, without affecting non-cancerous cells, by targeting the mitochondria, leading to dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in ROS production. Release of the AIF and endonuclease G from isolated mitochondria confirms the mitochondria as a potential target of long pepper. The efficacy of PLX in in-vivo studies indicates that oral administration is able to halt the growth of colon cancer tumors in immunocompromised mice, with no associated toxicity. These results demonstrate the potentially safe and non-toxic alternative that is long pepper extract for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ovadje
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Dennis Ma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Phillip Tremblay
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Alessia Roma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Steckle
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Aftab O, Engskog MKR, Haglöf J, Elmsjö A, Arvidsson T, Pettersson C, Hammerling U, Gustafsson MG. NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of drug-induced changes in vitro can discriminate between pharmacological classes. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:3251-8. [PMID: 25321343 DOI: 10.1021/ci500502f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced changes in mammalian cell line models have already been extensively profiled at the systemic mRNA level and subsequently used to suggest mechanisms of action for new substances, as well as to support drug repurposing, i.e., identifying new potential indications for drugs already licensed for other pharmacotherapy settings. The seminal work in this field, which includes a large database and computational algorithms for pattern matching, is known as the "Connectivity Map" (CMap). However, the potential of similar exercises at the metabolite level is still largely unexplored. Only recently, the first high-throughput metabolomic assay pilot study was published, which involved screening the metabolic response to a set of 56 kinase inhibitors in a 96-well format. Here, we report results from a separately developed metabolic profiling assay, which leverages (1)H NMR spectroscopy to the quantification of metabolic changes in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line, in response to each of 26 compounds. These agents are distributed across 12 different pharmacological classes covering a broad spectrum of bioactivity. Differential metabolic profiles, inferred from multivariate spectral analysis of 18 spectral bins, allowed clustering of the most-tested drugs, according to their respective pharmacological class. A more-advanced supervised analysis, involving one multivariate scattering matrix per pharmacological class and using only 3 spectral bins (3 metabolites), showed even more distinct pharmacology-related cluster formations. In conclusion, this type of relatively fast and inexpensive profiling seems to provide a promising alternative to that afforded by mRNA expression analysis, which is relatively slow and costly. As also indicated by the present pilot study, the resulting metabolic profiles do not seem to provide as information-rich signatures as those obtained using systemic mRNA profiling, but the methodology holds strong promise for significant refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Aftab
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University , Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Han JG, Gupta SC, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Piperlongumine chemosensitizes tumor cells through interaction with cysteine 179 of IκBα kinase, leading to suppression of NF-κB-regulated gene products. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2422-35. [PMID: 25082961 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, two different reports appeared in prominent journals suggesting a mechanism by which piperlongumine, a pyridine alkaloid, mediates anticancer effects. In the current report, we describe another novel mechanism by which this alkaloid mediates its anticancer effects. We found that piperlongumine blocked NF-κB activated by TNFα and various other cancer promoters. This downregulation was accompanied by inhibition of phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Further investigation revealed that this pyridine alkaloid directly interacts with IκBα kinase (IKK) and inhibits its activity. Inhibition of IKK occurred through interaction with its cysteine 179 as the mutation of this residue to alanine abolished the activity of piperlongumine. Inhibition in NF-κB activity downregulated the expression of proteins involved in cell survival (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, c-IAP-1, c-IAP-2, survivin), proliferation (c-Myc, cyclin D1), inflammation (COX-2, IL6), and invasion (ICAM-1, -9, CXCR-4, VEGF). Overall, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which piperlongumine can exhibit antitumor activity through downmodulation of proinflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gang Han
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Wu Y, Min X, Zhuang C, Li J, Yu Z, Dong G, Yao J, Wang S, Liu Y, Wu S, Zhu S, Sheng C, Wei Y, Zhang H, Zhang W, Miao Z. Design, synthesis and biological activity of piperlongumine derivatives as selective anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:545-51. [PMID: 24937186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to expand the structure-activity relationship of the natural anticancer compound piperlongumine, we have prepared sixteen novel piperlongumine derivatives with halogen or morpholine substituents at C2 and alkyl substituents at C7. Most of 2-halogenated piperlongumines showed potent in vitro activity against four cancer cells and modest selectivity for lung normal cells. The highly active anticancer compound 11h exhibited obvious ROS elevation and excellent in vivo antitumor potency with suppressed tumor growth by 48.58% at the dose of 2 mg/kg. The results indicated that halogen substituents as electrophilic group at C2 played an important role in increasing cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Min
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangzhong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanchao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyang Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Huojun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenyuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Shrivastava S, Kulkarni P, Thummuri D, Jeengar MK, Naidu VGM, Alvala M, Redddy GB, Ramakrishna S. Piperlongumine, an alkaloid causes inhibition of PI3 K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Apoptosis 2014; 19:1148-64. [PMID: 24729100 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis plays a central role in cell proliferation, growth and survival under physiological conditions. However, aberrant PI3 K/Akt/mTOR signaling has been implicated in many human cancers, including human triple negative breast cancer. Therefore, dual inhibitors of PI3 K/Akt and mTOR signaling could be valuable agents for treating breast cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of piperlongumine (PPLGM), a natural alkaloid on PI3 K/Akt/mTOR signaling, Akt mediated regulation of NF-kB and apoptosis evasion in human breast cancer cells. Using molecular docking studies, we found that PPLGM physically interacts with the conserved domain of PI3 K and mTOR kinases and the results were comparable with standard dual inhibitor PF04691502. Our results demonstrated that treatment of different human triple-negative breast cancer cells with PPLGM resulted in concentration- and time-dependent growth inhibition. The inhibition of cancer cell growth was associated with G1-phase cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of the NF-kB pathway leads to activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. It was also found that PPLGM significantly decreased the expression of p-Akt, p70S6K1, 4E-BP1, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, p53 and increased expression of Bax, cytochrome c in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Although insulin treatment increased the phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473), p70S6K1, 4E-BP1, PPLGM abolished the insulin mediated phosphorylation, it clearly indicates that PPLGM acts through PI3 k/Akt/mTOR axis. Our results suggest that PPLGM may be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of human triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Hyderabad), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, A.P, India
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42
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Wang YH, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang J, Niu HM, Long CL, Lee KH. Anticancer principles from medicinal piper ( hú jiāo) plants. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 4:8-16. [PMID: 24872928 PMCID: PMC4032846 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.124811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ethnomedical uses of Piper (胡椒 Hú Jiāo) plants as anticancer agents, in vitro cytotoxic activity of both extracts and compounds from Piper plants, and in vivo antitumor activity and mechanism of action of selected compounds are reviewed in the present paper. The genus Piper (Piperaceae) contains approximately 2000 species, of which 10 species have been used in traditional medicines to treat cancer or cancer-like symptoms. Studies have shown that 35 extracts from 24 Piper species and 32 compounds from Piper plants possess cytotoxic activity. Amide alkaloids account for 53% of the major active principles. Among them, piplartine (piperlongumine) shows the most promise, being toxic to dozens of cancer cell lines and having excellent in vivo activity. It is worthwhile to conduct further anticancer studies both in vitro and in vivo on Piper plants and their active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hu Wang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Mei Niu
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lin Long
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China. ; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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43
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Liu Y, Chang Y, Yang C, Sang Z, Yang T, Ang W, Ye W, Wei Y, Gong C, Luo Y. Biodegradable nanoassemblies of piperlongumine display enhanced anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor activities. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:4325-37. [PMID: 24622772 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06599e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) shows an inhibitory effect on tumor growth; however, lipophilicity has restricted its further applications. Nanotechnology provides an effective method to overcome the poor water solubility of lipophilic drugs. Polymeric micelles with small particle size can passively target tumors by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, thus improving their anti-tumor effects. In this study, to improve the water solubility and anti-tumor activity of PL, PL encapsulated polymeric micelles (PL micelles) were prepared by a solid dispersion method. The prepared PL micelles showed a small particle size and high encapsulation efficiency, which could be lyophilized into powder, and the re-dissolved PL micelles are homogenous and stable in water. In addition, a sustained release behavior of PL micelles was observed in vitro. Encapsulation of PL into polymeric micelles could increase the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and reduce glutathione (GSH) levels in vitro. Encapsulation of PL into polymeric micelles enhanced its inhibitory effect on neovascularization both in vitro and in vivo. Compared with free PL, PL micelles showed a stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally, in a transgenic zebrafish model, embryonic angiogenesis was inhibited by PL micelles. Furthermore, PL micelles were more effective in inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging survival in a subcutaneous CT-26 murine tumor model in vivo. Therefore, our data revealed that the encapsulation of PL into biodegradable polymeric micelles enhanced its anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor activities both in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemistry
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Delayed-Action Preparations/chemistry
- Delayed-Action Preparations/pharmacokinetics
- Delayed-Action Preparations/pharmacology
- Dioxolanes/chemistry
- Dioxolanes/pharmacokinetics
- Dioxolanes/pharmacology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Micelles
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Zebrafish
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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44
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Cragg GM, Grothaus PG, Newman DJ. New horizons for old drugs and drug leads. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:703-23. [PMID: 24499205 DOI: 10.1021/np5000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There is mounting urgency to find new drugs for the treatment of serious infectious diseases and cancer that are rapidly developing resistance to previously effective drugs. One approach to addressing this need is through drug repurposing, which refers to the discovery of new useful activities for "old" clinically used drugs through screening them against relevant disease targets. A large number of potential drug that, for various reasons, have failed to advance to clinical and commercial use can be added to the candidates available for such purposes. The application of new techniques and methodology developed through the impressive progress made in multidisciplinary, natural product-related research in recent years should aid substantially in expediting the discovery and development process. This review briefly outlines some of these developments as applied to a number of selected natural product examples, which may also include advances in chemical synthesis of derivatives with extended biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon M Cragg
- Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory , P.O. Box B, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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45
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Saeidnia S, Abdollahi M. Perspective Studies on Novel Anticancer Drugs from Natural Origin:A Comprehensive Review. INT J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.90.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Haglund C, Mohanty C, Fryknäs M, D'Arcy P, Larsson R, Linder S, Rickardson L. Identification of an inhibitor of the ubiquitin–proteasome system that induces accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins in the absence of blocking of proteasome function. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00386h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) represents one of the most promising therapeutic targets in oncology to emerge in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Haglund
- Department of Medical Sciences (Division of Clinical Pharmacology)
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 85 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Chitralekha Mohanty
- Department of Oncology-Pathology
- Karolinska Institutet
- SE-171 76 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Mårten Fryknäs
- Department of Medical Sciences (Division of Clinical Pharmacology)
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 85 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Padraig D'Arcy
- Department of Oncology-Pathology
- Karolinska Institutet
- SE-171 76 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Rolf Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences (Division of Clinical Pharmacology)
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 85 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Medical Sciences (Division of Clinical Pharmacology)
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 85 Uppsala
- Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology
| | - Linda Rickardson
- Department of Medical Sciences (Division of Clinical Pharmacology)
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 85 Uppsala
- Sweden
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47
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Halasi M, Wang M, Chavan TS, Gaponenko V, Hay N, Gartel AL. ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. Biochem J 2013; 454:201-8. [PMID: 23772801 PMCID: PMC4322432 DOI: 10.1042/bj20130282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NAC (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) is commonly used to identify and test ROS (reactive oxygen species) inducers, and to inhibit ROS. In the present study, we identified inhibition of proteasome inhibitors as a novel activity of NAC. Both NAC and catalase, another known scavenger of ROS, similarly inhibited ROS levels and apoptosis associated with H₂O₂. However, only NAC, and not catalase or another ROS scavenger Trolox, was able to prevent effects linked to proteasome inhibition, such as protein stabilization, apoptosis and accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates. These observations suggest that NAC has a dual activity as an inhibitor of ROS and proteasome inhibitors. Recently, NAC was used as a ROS inhibitor to functionally characterize a novel anticancer compound, piperlongumine, leading to its description as a ROS inducer. In contrast, our own experiments showed that this compound depicts features of proteasome inhibitors including suppression of FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1), stabilization of cellular proteins, induction of ROS-independent apoptosis and enhanced accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates. In addition, NAC, but not catalase or Trolox, interfered with the activity of piperlongumine, further supporting that piperlongumine is a proteasome inhibitor. Most importantly, we showed that NAC, but not other ROS scavengers, directly binds to proteasome inhibitors. To our knowledge, NAC is the first known compound that directly interacts with and antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. Taken together, the findings of the present study suggest that, as a result of the dual nature of NAC, data interpretation might not be straightforward when NAC is utilized as an antioxidant to demonstrate ROS involvement in drug-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Halasi
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Tanmay S. Chavan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, U.S.A
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, U.S.A
| | - Nissim Hay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, U.S.A
- Research and Development Section, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Andrei L. Gartel
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, U.S.A
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48
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Liu JM, Pan F, Li L, Liu QR, Chen Y, Xiong XX, Cheng K, Yu SB, Shi Z, Yu ACH, Chen XQ. Piperlongumine selectively kills glioblastoma multiforme cells via reactive oxygen species accumulation dependent JNK and p38 activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 437:87-93. [PMID: 23796709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid isolated from the long pepper, may have anti-cancer properties. It selectively targets and kills cancer cells but leaves normal cells intact. Here, we reported that PL selectively killed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells via accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to activate JNK and p38. PL at 20μM could induce severe cell death in three GBM cell lines (LN229, U87 and 8MG) but not astrocytes in cultures. PL elevated ROS prominently and reduced glutathione levels in LN229 and U87 cells. Antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) completely reversed PL-induced ROS accumulation and prevented cell death in LN229 and U87 cells. In LN229 and U87 cells, PL-treatment activated JNK and p38 but not Erk and Akt, in a dosage-dependent manner. These activations could be blocked by NAC pre-treatment. JNK and p38 specific inhibitors, SB203580 and SP600125 respectively, significantly blocked the cytotoxic effects of PL in LN229 and U87 cells. Our data first suggests that PL may have therapeutic potential for one of the most malignant and refractory tumors GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Mei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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