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Mamachan M, Sharun K, Banu SA, Muthu S, Pawde AM, Abualigah L, Maiti SK. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration: Insights into molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102380. [PMID: 38615643 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage regeneration has gained significant attention in regenerative medicine. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-based cartilage regeneration and explores various therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of MSCs in this context. MSCs exhibit multipotent capabilities and can differentiate into various cell lineages under specific microenvironmental cues. Chondrogenic differentiation, a complex process involving signaling pathways, transcription factors, and growth factors, plays a pivotal role in the successful regeneration of cartilage tissue. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is tightly regulated by growth factors and signaling pathways such as TGF-β, BMP, Wnt/β-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, NOTCH, and IHH (Indian hedgehog). Understanding the intricate balance between these pathways is crucial for directing lineage-specific differentiation and preventing undesirable chondrocyte hypertrophy. Additionally, paracrine effects of MSCs, mediated by the secretion of bioactive factors, contribute significantly to immunomodulation, recruitment of endogenous stem cells, and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype. Pre-treatment strategies utilized to potentiate MSCs, such as hypoxic conditions, low-intensity ultrasound, kartogenin treatment, and gene editing, are also discussed for their potential to enhance MSC survival, differentiation, and paracrine effects. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based cartilage regeneration and outlines promising therapeutic strategies. The insights presented contribute to the ongoing efforts in optimizing MSC-based therapies for effective cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Kaur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Artificial Intelligence and Sensing Technologies (AIST) Research Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Computer Science Department, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 13-5053, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 27500, Malaysia
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bandyopadhyay A, Ghibhela B, Mandal BB. Current advances in engineering meniscal tissues: insights into 3D printing, injectable hydrogels and physical stimulation based strategies. Biofabrication 2024; 16:022006. [PMID: 38277686 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad22f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The knee meniscus is the cushioning fibro-cartilage tissue present in between the femoral condyles and tibial plateau of the knee joint. It is largely avascular in nature and suffers from a wide range of tears and injuries caused by accidents, trauma, active lifestyle of the populace and old age of individuals. Healing of the meniscus is especially difficult due to its avascularity and hence requires invasive arthroscopic approaches such as surgical resection, suturing or implantation. Though various tissue engineering approaches are proposed for the treatment of meniscus tears, three-dimensional (3D) printing/bioprinting, injectable hydrogels and physical stimulation involving modalities are gaining forefront in the past decade. A plethora of new printing approaches such as direct light photopolymerization and volumetric printing, injectable biomaterials loaded with growth factors and physical stimulation such as low-intensity ultrasound approaches are being added to the treatment portfolio along with the contemporary tear mitigation measures. This review discusses on the necessary design considerations, approaches for 3D modeling and design practices for meniscal tear treatments within the scope of tissue engineering and regeneration. Also, the suitable materials, cell sources, growth factors, fixation and lubrication strategies, mechanical stimulation approaches, 3D printing strategies and injectable hydrogels for meniscal tear management have been elaborated. We have also summarized potential technologies and the potential framework that could be the herald of the future of meniscus tissue engineering and repair approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Baishali Ghibhela
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Pugliese E, Rossoni A, Zeugolis DI. Enthesis repair - State of play. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213740. [PMID: 38183690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The fibrocartilaginous enthesis is a highly specialised tissue interface that ensures a smooth mechanical transfer between tendon or ligament and bone through a fibrocartilage area. This tissue is prone to injury and often does not heal, even after surgical intervention. Enthesis augmentation approaches are challenging due to the complexity of the tissue that is characterised by the coexistence of a range of cellular and extracellular components, architectural features and mechanical properties within only hundreds of micrometres. Herein, we discuss enthesis repair and regeneration strategies, with particular focus on elegant interfacial and functionalised scaffold-based designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Pugliese
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrea Rossoni
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.
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Yang KC, Yang YT, Wu CC, Hsiao JK, Huang CY, Chen IH, Wang CC. Bioinspired collagen-gelatin-hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate tetra-copolymer scaffold biomimicking native cartilage extracellular matrix facilitates chondrogenesis of human synovium-derived stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124400. [PMID: 37044324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in stem cell differentiation, and a scaffold that mimics native cartilaginous extracellular components can promote chondrogenesis. In this study, a collagen-gelatin-hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate tetra-copolymer scaffold with composition and architecture similar to those of hyaline cartilage was fabricated using a microfluidic technique and compared with a pure gelatin scaffold. The newly designed biomimetic scaffold had a swelling ratio of 1278 % ± 270 %, a porosity of 77.68 % ± 11.70 %, a compressive strength of 1005 ± 174 KPa, and showed a good resilience against compression force. Synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) seeded into the tetra-copolymer scaffold attached to the scaffold firmly and exhibited good mitochondrial activity, high cell survival with a pronounced glycosaminoglycan production. SDSCs cultured on the tetra-copolymer scaffold with chondrogenic induction exhibited upregulated mRNA expression of COL2A1, ChM-1, Nrf2, TGF-β1, and BMP-7. Ex vivo study revealed that the SDSC-tetra-copolymer scaffold regenerated cartilage-like tissue in SCID mice with abundant type II collagen and S-100 production. BMP7 and COL2A1 expression in the tetra-copolymer scaffold group was much higher than that in the gelatin scaffold group ex vivo. The tetra-copolymer scaffold thus exhibits strong chondrogenic capability and will facilitate cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, Taiwan; School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237011, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237011, Taiwan; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 300102, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung City 427213, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Ho Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970473, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan.
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5
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Schrenker S, Cucchiarini M, Goebel L, Oláh T, Venkatesan JK, Schmitt G, Speicher-Mentges S, Maihöfer J, Gao L, Zurakowski D, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Madry H. In vivo rAAV-mediated human TGF-β overexpression reduces perifocal osteoarthritis and improves osteochondral repair in a large animal model at one year. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:467-481. [PMID: 36481450 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious consequence of focal osteochondral defects. Gene transfer of human transforming growth factor beta (hTGF-β) with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors offers a strategy to improve osteochondral repair. However, the long-term in vivo effects of such rAAV-mediated TGF-β overexpression including its potential benefits on OA development remain unknown. METHOD Focal osteochondral defects in minipig knees received rAAV-lacZ (control) or rAAV-hTGF-β in vivo. After one year, osteochondral repair and perifocal OA were visualized using validated macroscopic scoring, ultra-high-field MRI at 9.4 T, and micro-CT. A quantitative estimation of the cellular densities and a validated semi-quantitative scoring of histological and immunohistological parameters completed the analysis of microarchitectural parameters. RESULTS Direct rAAV-hTGF-β application induced and maintained significantly improved defect filling and safranin O staining intensity and overall cartilage repair at one year in vivo. In addition, rAAV-hTGF-β led to significantly higher chondrocyte densities within the cartilaginous repair tissue without affecting chondrocyte hypertrophy and minimized subarticular trabecular separation. Of note, rAAV-hTGF-β significantly improved the adjacent cartilage structure and chondrocyte density and reduced overall perifocal OA development after one year in vivo. CONCLUSIONS rAAV-hTGF-β treatment improves long-term osteochondral repair and delays the progression of perifocal OA in a translational model. These findings have considerable potential for targeted molecular approaches to treat focal osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schrenker
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - M Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - L Goebel
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - T Oláh
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - J K Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - G Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - S Speicher-Mentges
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - J Maihöfer
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - L Gao
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - D Zurakowski
- Departments of Anesthesia and Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - M D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - M W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - H Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
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Khalid S, Ekram S, Ramzan F, Salim A, Khan I. Co-regulation of Sox9 and TGFβ1 transcription factors in mesenchymal stem cells regenerated the intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1127303. [PMID: 37007782 PMCID: PMC10063891 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1127303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIntervertebral disc (IVD) shows aging and degenerative changes earlier than any other body connective tissue. Its repair and regeneration provide a considerable challenge in regenerative medicine due to its high degree of infrastructure and mechanical complexity. Mesenchymal stem cells, due to their tissue resurfacing potential, represent many explanatory pathways to regenerate a tissue breakdown.MethodsThis study was undertaken to evaluate the co-regulation of Sox9 and TGFβ1 in differentiating human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) into chondrocytes. The combinatorial impact of Sox9 and TGFβ1 on hUC-MSCs was examined in vitro by gene expression and immunocytochemical staining. In in vivo, an animal model of IVD degeneration was established under a fluoroscopic guided system through needle puncture of the caudal disc. Normal and transfected MSCs were transplanted. Oxidative stress, pain, and inflammatory markers were evaluated by qPCR. Disc height index (DHI), water content, and gag content were analyzed. Histological examinations were performed to evaluate the degree of regeneration.ResultshUC-MSC transfected with Sox9+TGFβ1 showed a noticeable morphological appearance of a chondrocyte, and highly expressed chondrogenic markers (aggrecan, Sox9, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and type II collagens) after transfection. Histological observation demonstrated that cartilage regeneration, extracellular matrix synthesis, and collagen remodeling were significant upon staining with H&E, Alcian blue, and Masson's trichrome stain on day 14. Additionally, oxidative stress, pain, and inflammatory markers were positively downregulated in the animals transplanted with Sox9 and TGFβ1 transfected MSCs.ConclusionThese findings indicate that the combinatorial effect of Sox9 and TGFβ1 substantially accelerates the chondrogenesis in hUC-MSCs. Cartilage regeneration and matrix synthesis were significantly enhanced. Therefore, a synergistic effect of Sox9 and TGFβ1 could be an immense therapeutic combination in the tissue engineering of cartilaginous joint bio-prostheses and a novel candidate for cartilage stabilization.
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Luo W, Wang Y, Han Q, Wang Z, Jiao J, Gong X, Liu Y, Zhang A, Zhang H, Chen H, Wang J, Wu M. Advanced strategies for constructing interfacial tissues of bone and tendon/ligament. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221144714. [PMID: 36582940 PMCID: PMC9793068 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221144714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enthesis, the interfacial tissue between a tendon/ligament and bone, exhibits a complex histological transition from soft to hard tissue, which significantly complicates its repair and regeneration after injury. Because traditional surgical treatments for enthesis injury are not satisfactory, tissue engineering has emerged as a strategy for improving treatment success. Rapid advances in enthesis tissue engineering have led to the development of several strategies for promoting enthesis tissue regeneration, including biological scaffolds, cells, growth factors, and biophysical modulation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in enthesis tissue engineering, particularly the use of biological scaffolds, as well as perspectives on the future directions in enthesis tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin
Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuqiang Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Minfei Wu, Department of Orthopedics, The
Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Sreet, Changchun 130041, China.
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8
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Kim JG, Rim YA, Ju JH. The Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Joint Homeostasis and Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:570-587. [PMID: 35331016 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is an important regulator of joint homeostasis, of which dysregulation is closely associated with the development of osteoarthritis (OA). In normal conditions, its biological functions in a joint environment are joint protective, but it can be dramatically altered in different contexts, making its therapeutic application a challenge. However, with the deeper insights into the TGF-β functions, it has been proven that TGF-β augments cartilage regeneration by chondrocytes, and differentiates both the precursor cells of chondrocytes and stem cells into cartilage-generating chondrocytes. Following documentation of the therapeutic efficacy of chondrocytes augmented by TGF-β in the last decade, there is an ongoing phase III clinical trial examining the therapeutic efficacy of a mixture of allogeneic chondrocytes and TGF-β-overexpressing cells. To prepare cartilage-restoring chondrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the stem cells are differentiated mainly using TGF-β with some other growth factors. Of note, clinical trials evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of iPSCs for OA are scheduled this year. Mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) have inherent limitations in that they differentiate into the osteochondral pathway, resulting in the production of poor-quality cartilage. Despite the established essential role of TGF-β in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, whether the coordinated use of TGF-β in MSC-based therapy for degenerated cartilage is effective is unknown. We herein reviewed the general characteristics and mechanism of action of TGF-β in a joint environment. Furthermore, we discussed the core interaction of TGF-β with principal cells of OA cell-based therapies, the chondrocytes, MSCs, and iPSCs. Impact Statement Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) has been widely used as a core regulator to improve or formulate therapeutic regenerative cells for degenerative joints. It differentiates stem cells into chondrocytes and improves the chondrogenic potential of differentiated chondrocytes. Herein, we discussed the overall characteristics of TGF-β and reviewed the comprehension and utilization of TGF-β in cell-based therapy for degenerative joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Gon Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Wang J, Lu Q, Mackay MJ, Liu X, Feng Y, Burton DC, Asher MA. Spontaneous Facet Joint Osteoarthritis in NFAT1-Mutant Mice: Age-Dependent Histopathologic Characteristics and Molecular Mechanisms. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2022; 104:928-940. [PMID: 35167509 PMCID: PMC9208959 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.21.00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facet joint (FJ) osteoarthritis (FJOA) is a widely prevalent spinal disorder but its pathogenesis remains unclear, largely due to the difficulties in conducting longitudinal human studies and lack of spontaneous-FJOA animal models for mechanistic investigations. This study aimed to investigate whether spontaneous FJOA occurs in mice bearing mutant NFAT1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1) transcription factor. METHODS The lumbar FJs of 50 NFAT1-mutant mice and of 50 wild-type control mice, of both sexes, were examined by histopathology, quantitative gene expression analysis, semiquantitative immunohistochemistry, and a novel FJOA scoring system for semiquantitative assessment of the histopathologic changes at 2, 6, 12, and 18 months of age. Age-dependent and tissue-specific histopathologic and gene or protein expression changes were analyzed statistically. RESULTS FJs in NFAT1-mutant mice displayed significantly increased expression of specific catabolic genes (p < 0.05) and proteins (p < 0.001) in cartilage and synovium as early as 2 months of age, followed by early osteoarthritic structural changes such as articular surface fissuring and chondro-osteophyte formation at 6 months. More severe cartilage lesions, osteophytes, subchondral bone changes, synovitis, and tissue-specific molecular alterations in FJs of NFAT1-mutant mice were observed at 12 and 18 months. Osteoarthritic structural changes were not detected in FJs of wild-type mice at any ages, although age-related cartilage degeneration was observed at 18 months. The novel FJOA scoring system had high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility (correlation coefficients: r > 0.97). Whole-joint FJOA scoring showed significantly higher OA scores in FJs of NFAT1-mutant mice compared with wild-type mice at all time points (p = 0.0033 at 2 months, p = 0.0001 at 6 months, p < 0.0001 at 12 and 18 months). CONCLUSIONS This study has identified the NFAT1-mutant mouse as a novel animal model of spontaneous FJOA with age-dependent and slowly progressing osteoarthritic features, developed the first FJOA scoring system, and elucidated the molecular mechanisms of NFAT1 mutation-induced FJOA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This murine FJOA model resembles the features of human FJOA and may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of and therapeutic strategies for FJOA in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Wang
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA,Correspondence to: Jinxi Wang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS #3017, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA, Tel: 913-588-0870, Fax: 913-945-7773,
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Matthew J. Mackay
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xiangliang Liu
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yi Feng
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA,Current address: Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Douglas C. Burton
- Marc A. Asher MD Comprehensive Spine Center and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Marc A. Asher
- Marc A. Asher MD Comprehensive Spine Center and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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The Cell-Material Interaction in the Replacement and Regeneration of the Meniscus: A Mini-Review. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.4028/p-hfdp46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus is a part of the knee joint consisting of a medial and lateral component between the femoral condyles and the tibial plateau. Meniscal tears usually happen in younger and active people due to sports or daily activities. Some approaches are chosen for meniscus replacement and regeneration from the problems above, such as meniscal repair, meniscal allograft transplantation, gene therapy techniques, and tissue engineering techniques. Biomaterials and tissue engineering have a primary role in meniscus regeneration and replacement. The cell-material interactions are influenced by the biomaterials' design, structure, and composition to promote the growth o meniscus tissue. This study aims to give a brief review of the cell-material interaction in the replacement and regeneration process of the meniscus. Based on several studies, the use of growth factors in the meniscal regeneration and replacement could modulate and promote angiogenesis, differentiation, and cell migration beneficial in the repair process of the meniscus. Furthermore, combining the Mesenchymal Stem Cells and growth factors in healing the meniscal tears could be one of the best approaches to obtaining the new tissue resembling the meniscal tissue. The follow-up and long-term studies in meniscus regeneration and replacement are needed and recommended, especially implanting with good chondroprotective and long-term evaluation to obtain the best properties similar to the natural meniscus.
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11
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Influence Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells, and Constitute a Promising Therapy for Liver Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111598. [PMID: 34829827 PMCID: PMC8615475 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common feature of chronic liver disease. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main drivers of extracellular matrix accumulation in liver fibrosis. Hence, a strategy for regulating HSC activation is crucial in treating liver fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells derived from various post-natal organs. Therapeutic approaches involving MSCs have been studied extensively in various diseases, including liver disease. MSCs modulate hepatic inflammation and fibrosis and/or differentiate into hepatocytes by interacting directly with immune cells, HSCs, and hepatocytes and secreting modulators, thereby contributing to reduced liver fibrosis. Cell-free therapy including MSC-released secretomes and extracellular vesicles has elicited extensive attention because they could overcome MSC transplantation limitations. Herein, we provide basic information on hepatic fibrogenesis and the therapeutic potential of MSCs. We also review findings presenting the effects of MSC itself and MSC-based cell-free treatments in liver fibrosis, focusing on HSC activation. Growing evidence supports the anti-fibrotic function of either MSC itself or MSC modulators, although the mechanism underpinning their effects on liver fibrosis has not been established. Further studies are required to investigate the detailed mechanism explaining their functions to expand MSC therapies using the cell itself and cell-free treatments for liver fibrosis.
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12
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Garcia-Ruiz A, Sánchez-Domínguez CN, Moncada-Saucedo NK, Pérez-Silos V, Lara-Arias J, Marino-Martínez IA, Camacho-Morales A, Romero-Diaz VJ, Peña-Martinez V, Ramos-Payán R, Castro-Govea Y, Tuan RS, Lin H, Fuentes-Mera L, Rivas-Estilla AM. Sequential growth factor exposure of human Ad-MSCs improves chondrogenic differentiation in an osteochondral biphasic implant. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1282. [PMID: 34630637 PMCID: PMC8461520 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Joint cartilage damage affects 10-12% of the world's population. Medical treatments improve the short-term quality of life of affected individuals but lack a long-term effect due to injury progression into fibrocartilage. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is one of the most promising strategies for tissue regeneration due to their ability to be isolated, expanded and differentiated into metabolically active chondrocytes to achieve long-term restoration. For this purpose, human adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) were isolated from lipectomy and grown in xeno-free conditions. To establish the best differentiation potential towards a stable chondrocyte phenotype, isolated Ad-MSCs were sequentially exposed to five differentiation schemes of growth factors in previously designed three-dimensional biphasic scaffolds with incorporation of a decellularized cartilage matrix as a bioactive ingredient, silk fibroin and bone matrix, to generate a system capable of being loaded with pre-differentiated Ad-MSCs, to be used as a clinical implant in cartilage lesions for tissue regeneration. Chondrogenic and osteogenic markers were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and cartilage matrix generation by histology techniques at different time points over 40 days. All groups had an increased expression of chondrogenic markers; however, the use of fibroblast growth factor 2 (10 ng/ml) followed by a combination of insulin-like growth factor 1 (100 ng/ml)/TGFβ1 (10 ng/ml) and a final step of exposure to TGFβ1 alone (10 ng/ml) resulted in the most optimal chondrogenic signature towards chondrocyte differentiation and the lowest levels of osteogenic expression, while maintaining stable collagen matrix deposition until day 33. This encourages their possible use in osteochondral lesions, with appropriate properties for use in clinical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Garcia-Ruiz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Celia N Sánchez-Domínguez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Nidia K Moncada-Saucedo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Vanessa Pérez-Silos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Jorge Lara-Arias
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Iván A Marino-Martínez
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico.,Experimental Therapies Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico.,Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Víktor J Romero-Diaz
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Víctor Peña-Martinez
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80040, Mexico
| | - Yanko Castro-Govea
- Plastic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Lizeth Fuentes-Mera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Ana María Rivas-Estilla
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital 'Dr José E. González', Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
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13
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Qi J, Yu T, Hu B, Wu H, Ouyang H. Current Biomaterial-Based Bone Tissue Engineering and Translational Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10233. [PMID: 34638571 PMCID: PMC8508818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects cause significant socio-economic costs worldwide, while the clinical "gold standard" of bone repair, the autologous bone graft, has limitations including limited graft supply, secondary injury, chronic pain and infection. Therefore, to reduce surgical complexity and speed up bone healing, innovative therapies are needed. Bone tissue engineering (BTE), a new cross-disciplinary science arisen in the 21st century, creates artificial environments specially constructed to facilitate bone regeneration and growth. By combining stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors, BTE fabricates biological substitutes to restore the functions of injured bone. Although BTE has made many valuable achievements, there remain some unsolved challenges. In this review, the latest research and application of stem cells, scaffolds, and growth factors in BTE are summarized with the aim of providing references for the clinical application of BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Qi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Tianqi Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China;
| | - Bangyan Hu
- Section of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou 310003, China
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14
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Rajasingh S, Sigamani V, Selvam V, Gurusamy N, Kirankumar S, Vasanthan J, Rajasingh J. Comparative analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8904-8919. [PMID: 34390186 PMCID: PMC8435459 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their differentiation into mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (iMSCs) have created exciting source of cells for autologous therapy. In this study, we have compared the therapeutic potential of iMSCs generated from urinary epithelial (UE) cells with the available umbilical cord MSCs (UC‐MSCs). For this, adult UE cells were treated with the mRNA of pluripotent genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, MYC and LIN28) and a cocktail of miRNAs under specific culture conditions for generating iPSCs. Our non‐viral and mRNA‐based treatment regimen demonstrated a high reprogramming efficiency to about 30% at passage 0. These UE‐iPSCs were successfully differentiated further into ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm lineage of cells. Moreover, these UE‐iPSCs were subsequently differentiated into iMSCs and were compared with the UC‐MSCs. These iMSCs were capable of differentiating into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Our qRT‐PCR and Western blot data showed that the CD73, CD90 and CD105 gene transcripts and proteins were highly expressed in iMSCs and UC‐MSCs but not in other cells. The comparative qRT‐PCR data showed that the iMSCs maintained their MSC characteristics without any chromosomal abnormalities even at later passages (P15), during which the UC‐MSCs started losing their MSC characteristics. Importantly, the wound‐healing property demonstrated through migration assay was superior in iMSCs when compared to the UC‐MSCs. In this study, we have demonstrated an excellent non‐invasive and pain‐free method of obtaining iMSCs for regenerative therapy. These homogeneous autologous highly proliferative iMSCs may provide an alternative source of cells to UC‐MSCs for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeja Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vinoth Sigamani
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vijay Selvam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shivaani Kirankumar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Jayavardini Vasanthan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Johnson Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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15
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Chae DS, Han JH, Park YJ, Kim SW. TGF-β1 overexpressing human MSCs generated using gene editing show robust therapeutic potential for treating collagen-induced arthritis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:513-523. [PMID: 33749143 DOI: 10.1002/term.3191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in cartilage differentiation and other functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of TGF-β1 overexpressing amniotic MSCs (AMMs) generated using gene editing in a mouse model of damaged cartilage. The TGF-β1 gene was inserted into a safe harbor genomic locus in AMMs using transcription activator-like effector nucleases. The chondrogenic properties of TGF-β1-overexpressing AMMs (AMM/T) were characterized using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative RT-PCR, and histological analysis, and their therapeutic effects were evaluated in mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). AMM/T expressed cartilage-specific genes and showed intense Safranin O and Alcian blue staining. Furthermore, injecting AMM/T attenuated CIA progression compared with AMM injection, and increased the regulatory T (Treg) cell population, while suppressing T helper (Th)17 cell activation in CIA mice. Proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly decreased in AMM/T injected CIA mice compared with their AMM injected counterparts. In conclusion, genome-edited AMMs overexpressing TGF-β1 may be a novel and alternative therapeutic option for protecting cartilage and treating inflammatory joint arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hye Han
- Department Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Whan Kim
- Department Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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16
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Sousa EBD, Moura Neto V, Aguiar DP. BMP-4, TGF-β e Smad3 como moduladores da viabilidade das células do líquido sinovial. Rev Bras Ortop 2021; 57:314-320. [PMID: 35652012 PMCID: PMC9142237 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
Our goal was to evaluate the modulation of the synovial fluid cells (SFC) from patients with and without osteoarthritis (OA) by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), Smad-3 and
transforming growth factor beta
(TGF-β).
Methods
Synovial fluid was collected from patients submitted to knee arthroscopy or replacement and were centrifuged to isolate cells from the fluid. Cells were cultured for 21 days and characterized as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) according to the criteria of the International Society of Cell Therapy. Then, we performed an [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay (MTT) assay after exposing cells with and without OA to TGF-β, Smad3 and BMP-4 pathway inhibitors and to different concentrations of BMP4.
Results
Exposure to the TGF-β, Smad3 and BMP-4 inhibitors modifies the mitochondrial activity of the SFCs. The activity of the SFCs is modified by influences of increasing concentrations of BMP4, but there is no difference in cellular activity between patients with and without OA.
Conclusion
TGF-β, Smad3 and BMP-4 modulate the activity of SFCs from patients with and without knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Branco de Sousa
- Divisão de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Jamil Haddad, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Vivaldo Moura Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Diego Pinheiro Aguiar
- Laboratório de Biomodelos e Protótipos, Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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17
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Salkın H, Gönen ZB, Özcan S, Bahar D, Lekesizcan A, Taheri S, Kütük N, Alkan A. Effects of combination TGF-B1 transfection and platelet rich plasma (PRP) on three-dimension chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:226-237. [PMID: 31581853 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1675649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of standard culture medium and chondrogenic differentiation medium with PRP on chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rabbit DPSCs) that are transfected with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-B1) gene, based on the hypothesis of TGF- B1 and PRP can be effective on the chondrogenesis of stem cells. Materials and Methods: Rabbit DPSCs were characterized by using flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining, quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and differentiation tests. For the characterization, CD29, CD44 and CD45 mesenchymal cell markers were used. Rabbit DPSCs were transfected with TGF-B1 gene using electroporation technique in group 1; with PRP 10% in group 2; with chondrogenic medium in group 3; with both chondrogenic medium and PRP in group 4. DPSCs were cultured in medium with 10% inactive PRP in group 5, chondrogenic medium in group 6, chondrogenic medium with PRP 10% in group 7. SOX9, MMP13 and Aggrecan gene expression levels were evaluated in 3, 6, 12. and 24. days by qRT-PCR. Results: The expression levels of SOX9, MMP13 and Aggrecan were higher in group 2, 3 and group 7 in 3th day however in 24th day group 7 and group 2 were found higher. The expression levels changed by time-dependent. The extracellular matrix of the cells in experimental groups were positively stained with safranin O and toluidine blue. Conclusion: The combination in culture medium of TGF-B1 gene transfection and 10% PRP accelerates the chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Salkın
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School, Beykent University , Istanbul, Turkey.,Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bahar
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayça Lekesizcan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Serpil Taheri
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University , Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nükhet Kütük
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, BezmiAlem University , İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Alkan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, BezmiAlem University , İstanbul, Turkey
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18
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Ryu JS, Jeong EJ, Kim JY, Park SJ, Ju WS, Kim CH, Kim JS, Choo YK. Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Inflammatory and Fibrotic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218366. [PMID: 33171878 PMCID: PMC7664655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can be isolated from various tissues in the adult body. MSCs should be characterized by three criteria for regenerative medicine. MSCs must (1) adhere to plastic surfaces, (2) express specific surface antigens, and (3) differentiate into mesodermal lineages, including chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes, in vitro. Interestingly, MSCs have immunomodulatory features and secrete trophic factors and immune receptors that regulate the microenvironment in host tissue. These specific and unique therapeutic properties make MSCs ideal as therapeutic agents in vivo. Specifically, pre-clinical and clinical investigators generated inflammatory and fibrotic diseases models, and then transplantation of MSCs into diseases models for therapeutic effects investigation. In this review, we characterize MSCs from various tissues and describe their applications for treating various inflammation and fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Ryu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea; (J.-S.R.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.-J.J.); (S.J.P.); (W.S.J.)
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Jong-Yeup Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea; (J.-S.R.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Soon Ju Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.-J.J.); (S.J.P.); (W.S.J.)
- Institute for Glycoscience, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Won Seok Ju
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.-J.J.); (S.J.P.); (W.S.J.)
- Institute for Glycoscience, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Jang-Seong Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Kug Choo
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.-J.J.); (S.J.P.); (W.S.J.)
- Institute for Glycoscience, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
- Correspondence:
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19
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Luo Y, Wang AT, Zhang QF, Liu RM, Xiao JH. RASL11B gene enhances hyaluronic acid-mediated chondrogenic differentiation in human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via the activation of Sox9/ERK/smad signals. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1708-1721. [PMID: 32878463 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220944375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms, whereby hyaluronic acid, a main extracellular matrix component of articular cartilage, promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). Our previous findings indicated that hyaluronic acid combined with hAMSCs showed a marked therapeutic effect against rat osteoarthritis. In the present study, hyaluronic acid markedly enhanced the expression of chondrocyte-specific markers including Col2α1, Acan, and Sox9 in hAMSCs, with strong synergistic effects on chondrogenic differentiation, in combination with the commonly used inducer, transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3). Microarray analysis showed that Ras-like protein family member 11B (RASL11B) played a pivotal role in the process of hyaluronic acid-mediated chondrogenesis of hAMSCs. This directional differentiation was significantly inhibited by RASL11B knockdown, but RASL11B overexpression dramatically promoted the expression of Sox9, a master chondrogenesis transcriptional factor, at the levels of transcription and translation. Increased Sox9 expression subsequently resulted in high expression levels of Col2α1 and Acan and the accumulation of cartilage-specific matrix components, such as type 2 collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Moreover, we observed that RASL11B activated the signal molecules such as ERK1/2, and Smad2/3 in the presence of hyaluronic acid during TGF-β3-induced chondrogenesis of hAMSCs. Taken together, these findings suggest that hyaluronic acid activates the RASL11B gene to potentiate the chondrogenic differentiation of hAMSCs via the activation of Sox9 and ERK/Smad signaling, thus providing a new strategy for cartilage defect repairing by hyaluronic acid-based stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ai-Tong Wang
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qing-Fang Zhang
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ru-Ming Liu
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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20
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Rosa G, Krieck AMT, Padula E, Pfeifer JPH, de Souza JB, Rossi M, Stievani F, Deffune E, Takahira R, Alves ALG. Allogeneic synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells do not significantly affect initial inflammatory parameters in a LPS-induced acute synovitis model. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:485-491. [PMID: 32799173 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Rosa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - André Massahiro Teramoto Krieck
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Enrico Padula
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Hübbe Pfeifer
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Brandão de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Stievani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Elenice Deffune
- Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab - Botucatu Medical School - São Paulo State University UNESP - Brazil, Brazil
| | - Regina Takahira
- Department of Veterinary Clinics - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP - Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ana Liz Garcia Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Regenerative Medicine Lab - School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University UNESP -, Botucatu, Brazil.
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21
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Andreasson L, Evenbratt H, Simonsson S. GDF5 induces TBX3 in a concentration dependent manner - on a gold nanoparticle gradient. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04133. [PMID: 32551383 PMCID: PMC7292926 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organs and tissues, such as cartilage and limbs, are formed during development through an orchestration of growth factors that function as morphogens. Examples of growth factors include growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) and transforming growth factors beta 1 and 3 (TGFβ-1 and TGFβ-3) which can specify creation of more than one cell type after forming a concentration gradient in vivo. Here, we studied the impact of morphogen gradients during differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into the chondrocyte lineage. Cell budding zones, consisting of condensed cell aggregates, were observed only in gradients of GDF5. T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) was detected specifically in the budding zones (ranging from 500-1,500 particles/μm2) of nuclei and cell vesicles. A homogenous density of GDF5 of 900 particles/μm2 on a surface induced budding and expression of TBX3 after five days in iPSCs. Therefore, we conclude that a gradient of GDF5, as well as the specific homogenous density of GDF5, support the induction of TBX3 in iPCSs. Moreover, differentiation of iPSCs first on GDF5 gradient or homogenous surfaces for five days and then in a three-dimensional structure for five weeks resulted in pellets that expressed TBX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Andreasson
- Cline Scientific AB, Mölndal, SE-431 53, Sweden
- Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
| | | | - S. Simonsson
- Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
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22
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Ganglioside GM3 Up-Regulate Chondrogenic Differentiation by Transform Growth Factor Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061967. [PMID: 32183071 PMCID: PMC7139639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells, also known as multipotent stromal progenitor cells, can differentiate into cells of mesodermal lineage. Gangliosides are sialic acid-conjugated glycosphingolipids that are believed to regulate cell differentiation and several signaling molecules. These molecules are localized in glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains on the cell surface and are regulated by glycosphingolipid composition. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling plays a critical role in chondrogenic differentiation. However, the role of gangliosides in chondrogenesis is not understood. In this study, the relationship between the ganglioside GM3 and TGF-β activation, during chondrogenic differentiation, was investigated using an aggregate culture of human synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells. We showed that the gangliosides GM3 and GD3 were expressed after the chondrogenic differentiation of hSMSC aggregates. To test whether GM3 affected the chondrogenic differentiation of hSMSC aggregates, we used GM3 treatment during chondrogenic differentiation. The results showed that the group treated with 5 μM GM3 had higher expression of chondrogenic specific markers, increased toluidine blue, and safranin O staining, and increased accumulation of glycosaminoglycans compared with the untreated group. Furthermore, GM3 treatment enhanced TGF-β signaling via SMAD 2/3 during the chondrogenic differentiation of hSMSC aggregates. Taken together, our results suggested that GM3 may be useful in developing therapeutic agents for cell-based articular cartilage regeneration in articular cartilage disease.
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23
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Chondrogenic Differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Non-Viral Minicircle Vectors. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030582. [PMID: 32121522 PMCID: PMC7140457 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human degenerative cartilage has low regenerative potential. Chondrocyte transplantation offers a promising strategy for cartilage treatment and regeneration. Currently, chondrogenesis using human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is accomplished using human recombinant growth factors. Here, we differentiate hiPSCs into chondrogenic pellets using minicircle vectors. Minicircles are a non-viral gene delivery system that can produce growth factors without integration into the host genome. We generated minicircle vectors containing bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) and delivered them to mesenchymal stem cell-like, hiPSC-derived outgrowth (OG) cells. Cell pellets generated using minicircle-transfected OG cells successfully differentiated into the chondrogenic lineage. The implanted minicircle-based chondrogenic pellets recovered the osteochondral defects in rat models. This work is a proof-of-concept study that describes the potential application of minicircle vectors in cartilage regeneration using hiPSCs.
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24
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Hong KH, Kim Y, Song S. Fine-Tunable and Injectable 3D Hydrogel for On-Demand Stem Cell Niche. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900597. [PMID: 31508277 PMCID: PMC6724362 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell-based tissue engineering requires increased stem cell retention, viability, and control of differentiation. The use of biocompatible scaffolds encapsulating stem cells typically addresses the first two problems. To achieve control of stem cell fate, fine-tuned biocompatible scaffolds with bioactive molecules are necessary. However, given that the fine-tuning of stem cell scaffolds is associated with UV irradiation and in situ scaffold gelation, this process is in conflict with injectability. Herein, a fine-tunable and injectable 3D hydrogel system is developed with the use of thermosensitive poly(organophosphazene) bearing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD PPZ) and two types of adamantane-peptides (Ad-peptides) that are associated with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation and that serve as stoichiometrically controlled pendants for fine-tuning. Given that complexation of hosts and guests subject to strict stoichiometric control is achieved with simple mixing, these fabricated hydrogels exhibit well-aligned, fine-tuning responses, even in living animals. Injection of MSCs in fine-tuned hydrogels also results in various chondrogenic differentiation levels at three weeks postinjection. This is attributed to the differential controls of Ad-peptides, if MSC preconditioning is excluded. Eventually, the fine-tunable and injectable 3D hydrogel could be applied as platform technology by simply switching the types of peptides bearing adamantane and their stoichiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Hong
- Center for BiomaterialsBiomedical research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science and TechnologyKIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Min Kim
- Center for BiomaterialsBiomedical research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
| | - Soo‐Chang Song
- Center for BiomaterialsBiomedical research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science and TechnologyKIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
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25
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Diaz-Rodriguez P, Erndt-Marino JD, Gharat T, Munoz Pinto DJ, Samavedi S, Bearden R, Grunlan MA, Saunders WB, Hahn MS. Toward zonally tailored scaffolds for osteochondral differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2019-2029. [PMID: 30549205 PMCID: PMC6934364 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) are an emerging cell source for regenerative medicine applications, including osteochondral defect (OCD) repair. However, in contrast to bone marrow MSCs, scaffold compositions which promote SMSC chondrogenesis/osteogenesis are still being identified. In the present manuscript, we examine poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG)-based scaffolds containing zonally-specific biochemical cues to guide SMSC osteochondral differentiation. Specifically, SMSCs were encapsulated in PEG-based scaffolds incorporating glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronan or chondroitin-6-sulfate [CSC]), low-dose of chondrogenic and osteogenic growth factors (TGFβ1 and BMP2, respectively), or osteoinductive poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Initial studies suggested that PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 scaffolds promoted enhanced SMSC chondrogenic differentiation, as assessed by significant increases in Sox9 and aggrecan. Conversely, PEG-PDMS-BMP2 scaffolds stimulated increased levels of osteoblastic markers with significant mineral deposition. A "Transition" zone formulation was then developed containing a graded mixture of the chondrogenic and osteogenic signals present in the PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 and PEG-PDMS-BMP2 constructs. SMSCs within the "Transition" formulation displayed a phenotypic profile similar to hypertrophic chondrocytes, with the highest expression of collagen X, intermediate levels of osteopontin, and mineralization levels equivalent to "bone" formulations. Overall, these results suggest that a graded transition from PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 to PEG-PDMS-BMP2 scaffolds elicits a gradual SMSC phenotypic shift from chondrocyte to hypertrophic chondrocyte to osteoblast-like. As such, further development of these scaffold formulations for use in SMSC-based OCD repair is warranted. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2019-2029, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josh D Erndt-Marino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Tanmay Gharat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Dany J Munoz Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Satyavrata Samavedi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Robert Bearden
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - W Brian Saunders
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
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26
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Blázquez R, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Reinecke J, Álvarez V, López E, Marinaro F, Casado JG. Conditioned Serum Enhances the Chondrogenic and Immunomodulatory Behavior of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:699. [PMID: 31316380 PMCID: PMC6609570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common chronic health conditions associated with pain and disability. Advanced therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells have become valuable options for the treatment of these pathologies. Conditioned serum (CS, “Orthokine”) has been used intra-articularly for osteoarthritic patients. In this work, we hypothesized that the rich content on anti-inflammatory proteins and growth factors of CS may exert a beneficial effect on the biological activity of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs). In vitro studies were designed using hAdMSCs cocultured with CS at different concentrations (2.5, 5, and 10%). Chondrogenic differentiation assays and immunomodulatory experiments using in vitro-stimulated lymphocytes were performed. Our results demonstrated that CS significantly enhanced the differentiation of hAdMSCs toward chondrocytes. Moreover, hAdMSCs pre-sensitized with CS reduced the lymphocyte proliferation as well as their differentiation toward activated lymphocytes. These results suggest that in vivo coadministration of CS and hAdMSCs may have a beneficial effect on the therapeutic potential of hAdMSCs. Moreover, these results indicate that intra-articular administration of CS might influence the biological behavior of resident stem cells increasing their chondrogenic differentiation and inherent immunomodulatory activity. To our knowledge, this is the first in vitro study reporting this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Blázquez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Reinecke
- Research and Development Department, ORTHOGEN AG, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Verónica Álvarez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Esther López
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Federica Marinaro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier G Casado
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, "Jesús Usón" Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via miRNA-145-5p/SMAD5 and miRNA-124-3p/SMAD4 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:316-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Martínez Sánchez AH, Omidi M, Wurlitzer M, Fuh MM, Feyerabend F, Schlüter H, Willumeit-Römer R, Luthringer BJ. Proteome analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells undergoing chondrogenesis when exposed to the products of various magnesium-based materials degradation. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:168-188. [PMID: 31049466 PMCID: PMC6482314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of physeal fractures (15%–30% of all paediatric fractures) remains a challenge as in approximately 10% of the cases, significant growth disturbance may occur. Bioresorbable Magnesium-based implants represent a strategy to minimize damage (i.e., load support until bone healing without second surgery). Nevertheless, the absence of harmful effects of magnesium-implants and their degradation products on the growth plate should be confirmed. Here, the proteome of human mesenchymal stem cells undergoing chondrogenesis was evaluated when exposed to the products of various Magnesium-based materials degradation. The results of this study indicate that the materials induced regulation of proteins associated with cell chondrogenesis and cartilage formation, which should be beneficial for cartilage regeneration. Degradation products from Mg-based materials generated changes in protein expression. Relevant proteins involved in cartilage formation were upregulated. Potential application of especially Pure-Mg and Mg-10Gd for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Helvia Martínez Sánchez
- Division of Metallic Biomaterials, Institute of Material Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max Planck Strasse 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Maryam Omidi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Wurlitzer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marceline Manka Fuh
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Feyerabend
- Division of Metallic Biomaterials, Institute of Material Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max Planck Strasse 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Division of Metallic Biomaterials, Institute of Material Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max Planck Strasse 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Bérengère J.C. Luthringer
- Division of Metallic Biomaterials, Institute of Material Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max Planck Strasse 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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29
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Salkın H, Gönen ZB, Ergen E, Bahar D, Çetin M. Effects of TGF- β1 Overexpression on Biological Characteristics of Human Dental Pulp-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:170-182. [PMID: 30595006 PMCID: PMC6457704 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc18051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) gene therapy on the surface markers, multilineage differentiation, viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage and senescence of human Dental Pulp-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (hDPSC). METHODS hDPSCs were isolated from human teeth, and were cultured with 20% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) in minimum essential media-alpha (α-MEM). TGF-β1 gene transfer into hDPSCs was performed by electroporation method after the plasmid was prepared. The transfection efficiency was achieved by using western blot and flow cytometry analyses and GFP transfection. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers, multilineage differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage and cellular senescence assays were performed by comparing the transfected and non-transfected cells. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism. RESULTS Strong expression of TGF-β1 in pCMV-TGF-β1-transfected hDPSCs was detected in flow cytometry analysis. TGF-β1 transfection efficiency was measured as 95%. Western blot analysis showed that TGF-β1 protein levels increased at third and sixth days in pCMV-TGF-β1-transfected hDPSCs. The continuous TGF-β1 overexpression in hDPSCs did not influence the immunophenotype and surface marker expression of MSCs. Our results showed that TGF-β1 increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, but decreased adipogenic differentiation. Overexpression of TGF-β1 increased the proliferation rate and decreased total apoptosis in hDPSCs (p<0.05). The number of cells at S phase was higher with TGF-β1 transfection (p<0.05). Cellular senescence decreased in TGF-β1 transfected group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results reflect that TGF-β1 has major impact on MSC differentiation. TGF-β1 transfection has positive effect on proliferation, cell cycle, and prevents cellular senescence and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Salkın
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School, Beykent University, Büyükçekmece/Istanbul,
Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Zeynep Burçin Gönen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Ergül Ergen
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Dilek Bahar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çetin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
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30
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Peng W, Zhang J, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Dong W. Expression of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for the nuclear factor-κB ligand in XACB/LV-bFGF/MSCs transplantation for repair of rabbit femoral head defect necrosis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1427-1434. [PMID: 30335890 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to observe the changes in osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator for the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in a rabbit model, and to explore the therapeutic effect of tissue engineering bone on femoral head necrosis. A total of 60 rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. The necrosis model of femoral head defects was created by dexamethasone combined with a horse serum injection. The model of femoral head necrosis was reconstructed by tissue engineering bone. The protein expressions of OPG and RANKL were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression of OPG and the RANKL protein in group E was higher than that in the other 4 groups (P < .05); there was no significant difference between groups C and D ( P > .05). The expression of OPG protein in the rabbit femoral head necrosis group was improved by xenogeneic antigens of cancellous bone/lentiviral-basic fibroblast growth factor/mesenchymal stem cells, which were expected to be used as an effective tissue engineering material to repair the necrosis of the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxun Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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31
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Osteoarthritic Synovial Fluid Modulates Cell Phenotype and Metabolic Behavior In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8169172. [PMID: 30766606 PMCID: PMC6350599 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8169172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial fluid holds a population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) that could be used for clinical treatment. Our goal was to characterize the inflammatory and metabolomic profile of the synovial fluid from osteoarthritic patients and to identify its modulatory effect on synovial fluid cells. Synovial fluid was collected from non-OA and OA patients, which was centrifuged to isolate cells. Cells were cultured for 21 days, characterized with specific markers for MSC, and exposed to a specific cocktail to induce chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. Then, we performed a MTT assay exposing SF cells from non-OA and OA patients to a medium containing non-OA and OA synovial fluid. Synovial fluid from non-OA and OA patients was submitted to ELISA to evaluate BMP-2, BMP-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 concentrations and to a metabolomic evaluation using 1H-NMR. Synovial fluid cells presented spindle-shaped morphology in vitro. Samples from OA patients formed a higher number of colonies than the ones from non-OA patients. After 21 days, the colony-forming cells from OA patients differentiated into the three mesenchymal cell lineages, under the appropriated induction protocols. Synovial fluid cells increased its metabolic activity after being exposed to the OA synovial fluid. ELISA assay showed that OA synovial fluid samples presented higher concentration of IL-10 and TGF-β1 than the non-OA, while the NMR showed that OA synovial fluid presents higher concentrations of glucose and glycerol. In conclusion, SFC activity is modulated by OA synovial fluid, which presents higher concentration of IL-10, TGF-β, glycerol, and glucose.
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32
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Wang Y, Chen S, Yan Z, Pei M. A prospect of cell immortalization combined with matrix microenvironmental optimization strategy for tissue engineering and regeneration. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:7. [PMID: 30627420 PMCID: PMC6321683 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a major hurdle for primary cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Telomere erosion, oxidative stress, the expression of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes all may account for the cellular senescence process with the involvement of various signaling pathways. To establish immortalized cell lines for research and clinical use, strategies have been applied including internal genomic or external matrix microenvironment modification. Considering the potential risks of malignant transformation and tumorigenesis of genetic manipulation, environmental modification methods, especially the decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (dECM)-based preconditioning strategy, appear to be promising for tissue engineering-aimed cell immortalization. Due to few review articles focusing on this topic, this review provides a summary of cell senescence and immortalization and discusses advantages and limitations of tissue engineering and regeneration with the use of immortalized cells as well as a potential rejuvenation strategy through combination with the dECM approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Song Chen
- 3Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, 610083 Sichuan China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ming Pei
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,4WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
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33
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Transforming growth factor-β1 up-regulates connexin43 expression in osteocytes via canonical Smad-dependent signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181678. [PMID: 30482881 PMCID: PMC6294634 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 (Cx43)-mediated gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) has been shown to be important in regulating multiple functions of bone cells. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) exhibited controversial effects on the expression of Cx43 in different cell types. To date, the effect of TGF-β1 on the Cx43 expression of osteocytes is still unknown. In the present study, we detected the expression of TGF-β1 in osteocytes and bone tissue, and then used recombinant mouse TGF-β1 to elucidate its effect on gap junctions (GJs) of osteocytes. Our data indicated that TGF-β1 up-regulated both mRNA and protein expression of Cx43 in osteocytes. Together with down-regulation of Cx43 expression after being treated with TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor Repsox, we deduced that TGF-β1 can positively regulate Cx43 expression in osteocytes. Thus we next focussed on the downstream signals of TGF-β and found that TGF-β1-mediated smads, Smad3 and Smad4, to translocate into nucleus. These translocated signal proteins bind to the promoter of Gja1 which was responsible for the changed expression of Cx43. The present study provides evidence that TGF-β1 can enhance GJIC between osteocytes through up-regulating Cx43 expression and the underlying mechanism involved in the activation of Smad-dependent pathway.
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Marino-Martínez IA, Martínez-Castro AG, Peña-Martínez VM, Acosta-Olivo CA, Vílchez-Cavazos F, Guzmán-López A, Pérez Rodríguez E, Romero-Díaz VJ, Ortega-Blanco JA, Lara-Arias J. Human amniotic membrane intra-articular injection prevents cartilage damage in an osteoarthritis model. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:11-16. [PMID: 30651759 PMCID: PMC6307525 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects the soft tissues and bones of involved articulations as a result of deregulation between synthesis and extracellular matrix degradation in articular cartilage. The present study evaluated the effect of intra-articular injection of human amniotic membrane (AM) as a treatment in an OA animal model in the knee. Chemical OA was developed in the knees of New Zealand rabbits. Once OA was established, the right knees only were treated with an intra-articular injection of human AM, with the left knees considered as a negative control group. The evaluation was performed at 3 and 6 weeks post-treatment. At 3 weeks post-injection, the cartilage exhibited fibrillation, erosion, cracks and cell clusters in the negative control group, but not in the treated group (P=0.028). At 6 weeks post-injection, the left knees exhibited hypertrophy, cracks, cell clusters, decreased matrix staining and structure loss. However, the right knees exhibited cell clusters without evidence of disruption in cartilage integrity (P=0.015). These results suggested that the intra-articular injection of human AM delays histological changes of cartilage in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Marino-Martínez
- Pathology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | - A G Martínez-Castro
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | - V M Peña-Martínez
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | - C A Acosta-Olivo
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | - F Vílchez-Cavazos
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | - A Guzmán-López
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | | | - V J Romero-Díaz
- Department of Histology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
| | | | - J Lara-Arias
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José E. González', Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico
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Xie Z, Zhao Z, Yang X, Pei L, Luo H, Ni Q, Li B, Qi Y, Tie K, Magdalou J, Chen L, Wang H. Prenatal nicotine exposure intergenerationally programs imperfect articular cartilage via histone deacetylation through maternal lineage. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 352:107-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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de Araújo Farias V, Carrillo-Gálvez AB, Martín F, Anderson P. TGF-β and mesenchymal stromal cells in regenerative medicine, autoimmunity and cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 43:25-37. [PMID: 29954665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a promising cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and for the treatment of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Importantly, MSCs have emerged as an important contributor to the tumor stroma with both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. However, the successful translation of MSCs to the clinic and the prevention of their tumorigenic and metastatic effect require a greater understanding of factors controlling their proliferation, differentiation, migration and immunomodulation in vitro and in vivo. The transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1, 2 and 3 are involved in almost every aspect of MSC function. The aim of this review is to highlight the roles that TGF-β play in the biology and therapeutic applications of MSCs. We will discuss the how TGF-β modulate MSC function as well as the paracrine effects of MSC-derived TGF-β on other cell types in the context of tissue regeneration, immune responses and cancer. Finally, taking all these aspects into consideration we discuss how modulation of TGF-β signaling/production in MSCs could be of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínea de Araújo Farias
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO): Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Carrillo-Gálvez
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO): Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martín
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO): Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Per Anderson
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO): Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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Font Tellado S, Chiera S, Bonani W, Poh PS, Migliaresi C, Motta A, Balmayor ER, van Griensven M. Heparin functionalization increases retention of TGF-β2 and GDF5 on biphasic silk fibroin scaffolds for tendon/ligament-to-bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:150-166. [PMID: 29550439 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The tendon/ligament-to-bone transition (enthesis) is a highly specialized interphase tissue with structural gradients of extracellular matrix composition, collagen molecule alignment and mineralization. These structural features are essential for enthesis function, but are often not regenerated after injury. Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for enthesis repair. Engineering of complex tissue interphases such as the enthesis is likely to require a combination of biophysical, biological and chemical cues to achieve functional tissue regeneration. In this study, we cultured human primary adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMCs) on biphasic silk fibroin scaffolds with integrated anisotropic (tendon/ligament-like) and isotropic (bone/cartilage like) pore alignment. We functionalized those scaffolds with heparin and explored their ability to deliver transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) and growth/differentiation factor 5 (GDF5). Heparin functionalization increased the amount of TGF-β2 and GDF5 remaining attached to the scaffold matrix and resulted in biological effects at low growth factor doses. We analyzed the combined impact of pore alignment and growth factors on AdMSCs. TGF-β2 and pore anisotropy synergistically increased the expression of tendon/ligament markers and collagen I protein content. In addition, the combined delivery of TGF-β2 and GDF5 enhanced the expression of cartilage markers and collagen II protein content on substrates with isotropic porosity, whereas enthesis markers were enhanced in areas of mixed anisotropic/isotropic porosity. Altogether, the data obtained in this study improves current understanding on the combined effects of biological and structural cues on stem cell fate and presents a promising strategy for tendon/ligament-to-bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Regeneration of the tendon/ligament-to-bone interphase (enthesis) is of significance in the repair of ruptured tendons/ligaments to bone to improve implant integration and clinical outcome. This study proposes a novel approach for enthesis regeneration based on a biomimetic and integrated tendon/ligament-to-bone construct, stem cells and heparin-based delivery of growth factors. We show that heparin can keep growth factors local and biologically active at low doses, which is critical to avoid supraphysiological doses and associated side effects. In addition, we identify synergistic effects of biological (growth factors) and structural (pore alignment) cues on stem cells. These results improve current understanding on the combined impact of biological and structural cues on the multi-lineage differentiation capacity of stem cells for regenerating complex tissue interphases.
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Improvement of the Chondrocyte-Specific Phenotype upon Equine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation: Influence of Culture Time, Transforming Growth Factors and Type I Collagen siRNAs on the Differentiation Index. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020435. [PMID: 29389887 PMCID: PMC5855657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a tissue characterized by its poor intrinsic capacity for self-repair. This tissue is frequently altered upon trauma or in osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease that is currently incurable. Similar musculoskeletal disorders also affect horses and OA incurs considerable economic loss for the equine sector. In the view to develop new therapies for humans and horses, significant progress in tissue engineering has led to the emergence of new generations of cartilage therapy. Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation is an advanced 3D cell-based therapy that holds promise for cartilage repair. This study aims to improve the autologous chondrocyte implantation technique by using equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow differentiated into chondrocytes that can be implanted in the chondral lesion. The optimized protocol relies on culture under hypoxia within type I/III collagen sponges. Here, we explored three parameters that influence MSC differentiation: culture times, growth factors and RNA interference strategies. Our results suggest first that an increase in culture time from 14 to 28 or 42 days lead to a sharp increase in the expression of chondrocyte markers, notably type II collagen (especially the IIB isoform), along with a concomitant decrease in HtrA1 expression. Nevertheless, the expression of type I collagen also increased with longer culture times. Second, regarding the growth factor cocktail, TGF-β3 alone showed promising result but the previously tested association of BMP-2 and TGF-β1 better limits the expression of type I collagen. Third, RNA interference targeting Col1a2 as well as Col1a1 mRNA led to a more significant knockdown, compared with a conventional strategy targeting Col1a1 alone. This chondrogenic differentiation strategy showed a strong increase in the Col2a1:Col1a1 mRNA ratio in the chondrocytes derived from equine bone marrow MSCs, this ratio being considered as an index of the functionality of cartilage. These data provide evidence of a more stable chondrocyte phenotype when combining Col1a1 and Col1a2 siRNAs associated to a longer culture time in the presence of BMP-2 and TGF-β1, opening new opportunities for preclinical trials in the horse. In addition, because the horse is an excellent model for human articular cartilage disorders, the equine therapeutic approach developed here can also serve as a preclinical step for human medicine.
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Wang P, Mao Z, Pan Q, Lu R, Huang X, Shang X, Zhang R, You H. Histone deacetylase-4 and histone deacetylase-8 regulate interleukin-1β-induced cartilage catabolic degradation through MAPK/JNK and ERK pathways. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2117-2127. [PMID: 29393346 PMCID: PMC5810207 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced inflammatory response is associated with osteoarthritis (OA) and its development. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) may be involved in regulating this pathogenesis, but the mechanism has yet to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the regulation of IL-1β-stimulated catabolic degradation of cartilage by HDAC. An in vitro model of OA was generated using rat articular chondrocytes (rACs) treated with IL-1β. The role of HDAC in IL-1β-induced gene expression was investigated using HDAC inhibitors and specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The association of diverse mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways was examined. The IL-1β-induced expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4 and ADAMTS-5, and the production of collagen X and cyclo-oxygenase-2 in rACs was accompanied by the expression of HDAC4 and HDAC8, and were significantly downregulated by HDAC inhibitors and specific siRNAs. IL-1β-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase was downregulated by the HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A, but not significantly by PCI-34051. The activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase was observably downregulated by the latter, but only slightly by the former. These results suggest that HDAC4 and HDAC8 may serve as key upstream mediators of MAPK in regulating the IL-1β-induced cartilage catabolic and degradation. Therefore, inhibiting HDAC4 or HDAC8 or both may be a promising therapeutic strategy in preventing and treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zekai Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Qiyong Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Chen M, Guo W, Gao S, Hao C, Shen S, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Li X, Jing X, Zhang X, Yuan Z, Wang M, Zhang Y, Peng J, Wang A, Wang Y, Sui X, Liu S, Guo Q. Biochemical Stimulus-Based Strategies for Meniscus Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8472309. [PMID: 29581987 PMCID: PMC5822894 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8472309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Meniscus injuries are very common and still pose a challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. Meniscus injuries in the inner two-thirds of the meniscus remain incurable. Tissue-engineered meniscus strategies seem to offer a new approach for treating meniscus injuries with a combination of seed cells, scaffolds, and biochemical or biomechanical stimulation. Cell- or scaffold-based strategies play a pivotal role in meniscus regeneration. Similarly, biochemical and biomechanical stimulation are also important. Seed cells and scaffolds can be used to construct a tissue-engineered tissue; however, stimulation to enhance tissue maturation and remodeling is still needed. Such stimulation can be biomechanical or biochemical, but this review focuses only on biochemical stimulation. Growth factors (GFs) are one of the most important forms of biochemical stimulation. Frequently used GFs always play a critical role in normal limb development and growth. Further understanding of the functional mechanism of GFs will help scientists to design the best therapy strategies. In this review, we summarize some of the most important GFs in tissue-engineered menisci, as well as other types of biological stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shunag Gao
- Center for Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chunxiang Hao
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shi Shen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zengzeng Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 Dexiang Road, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Zhenyong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 Dexiang Road, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoguang Jing
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 Dexiang Road, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- Shanxi Traditional Chinese Hospital, No. 46 Binzhou West Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
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Regenerative Medicine Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1089:115-141. [PMID: 29767289 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A major research challenge is to develop therapeutics that assist with healing damaged tissues and organs because the human body has limited ability to restore the majority of these tissues and organs to their original state. Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM) promises to offer efficient therapeutic biological strategies that use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs possess the capability for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties that make them attractive for clinical applications. They have been extensively investigated in numerous preclinical and clinical settings in an attempt to overcome their challenges and promote tissue regeneration and repair. This review explores the exciting opportunities afforded by MSCs, their desirable properties as cellular therapeutics in RM, and implicates their potential use in clinical practice. Here, we attempt to identify challenges and issues that determine the clinical efficacy of MSCs as treatment for skeletal and non-skeletal tissues.
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Long noncoding RNA DANCR regulates miR-1305-Smad 4 axis to promote chondrogenic differentiation of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170347. [PMID: 28674107 PMCID: PMC5520215 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have been reported to regulate cellular differentiation by modulating multiple signaling pathways. Long noncoding RNA (lnc RNA) DANCR was previously identified to be critical for the chondrogenesis of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSC), however, the underlying molecular mechanism requires better understanding. Here, miRNA expression profiling in DANCR overexpressed in SMSCs identified significant down-regulation of miR-1305, which serves as a downstream target of DANCR. Notably, miR-1305 overexpression reversed DANCR-induced cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of SMSCs, which suggested that miR-1305 antagonized the function of DANCR. Mechanistically, highly expressed miR-1305 resulted in the decreased expression of the TGF-β pathway member Smad4, and inhibition of miR-1305 enhanced the expression level of Smad4. Depletion of Smad4 suppressed the promotion of DANCR in cell proliferation and chondrogenesis of SMSCs. Collectively, our results characterized miR-1305-Smad4 axis as a major downstream functional mechanism of lncRNA DANCR in promoting the chondrogenesis in SMSCs.
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Zhang L, Yang C, Chen S, Wang G, Shi B, Tao X, Zhou L, Zhao J. Long Noncoding RNA DANCR Is a Positive Regulator of Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation in Human Synovium-Derived Stem Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:136-142. [PMID: 27982693 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ben Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Clinical Medical School of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Liyang, Liyang, China
| | - Liwu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Xu B, Li YY, Ma J, Pei FX. Roles of microRNA and signaling pathway in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 17:200-8. [PMID: 26984840 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease, with complicated pathogenic factors and undefined pathogenesis. Various signaling pathways play important roles in OA pathogenesis, including genetic expression, matrix synthesis and degradation, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and so on. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of non-coding RNA in Eukaryon, regulating genetic expression on the post-transcriptional level. A great number of miRNAs are involved in the development of OA, and are closely associated with different signaling pathways. This article reviews the roles of miRNAs and signaling pathways in OA, looking toward having a better understanding of its pathogenesis mechanisms and providing new therapeutic targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao-yao Li
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fu-xing Pei
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Kubosch EJ, Heidt E, Bernstein A, Böttiger K, Schmal H. The trans-well coculture of human synovial mesenchymal stem cells with chondrocytes leads to self-organization, chondrogenic differentiation, and secretion of TGFβ. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:64. [PMID: 27118471 PMCID: PMC4845486 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSC) possess a high chondrogenic differentiation potential, which possibly supports natural and surgically induced healing of cartilage lesions. We hypothesized enhanced chondrogenesis of SMSC caused by the vicinity of chondrocytes (CHDR). Methods Human SMSC and CHDR interactions were investigated in an in-vitro trans-well monolayer coculture over a time period of up to 21 days. Protein expression was analyzed using histology, immunostaining, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, mRNA expression was assessed by quantitative PCR. Results After 7 days, phase-contrast microscopy revealed cell aggregation of SMSC in coculture with CHDR. Afterwards, cells formed spheres and lost adherence. However, this phenomenon was not observed when culturing SMSC alone. Fluorescence labeling showed concurrent collagen type II expression. Addition of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) to the cocultures induced SMSC aggregation in less time and with higher intensity. Additionally, alcian blue staining demonstrated enhanced glycosaminoglycan expression around SMSC aggregates after 1 and 2 weeks. Although TGFβ mRNA was expressed in all SMSC, the protein was measured with constantly increasing levels over 21 days only in supernatants of the cocultures. Considering the enhanced mRNA levels following supplementation with TGFβ, a positive feedback mechanism can be supposed. In line with the development of a chondrogenic phenotype, aggrecan mRNA expression increased after 7 and 14 days in the cocultures with and without TGFβ. Coculture conditions also amplified collagen type II mRNA expression after 2 weeks without and already after 1 week with TGFβ. There was no difference in collagen type I and type X expression between SMSC alone and the coculture with CHDR. Expression of both collagens increased following addition of TGFβ. mRNA data correlated with the intensity of immunofluorescence staining. Conclusions Paracrine effects of CHDR induce a chondrogenic phenotype in SMSC possibly mimicking joint homeostasis. Coculture approaches may lead to a better understanding of cellular interactions with potential implications for cartilage repair procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Johanna Kubosch
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Heidt
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anke Bernstein
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Böttiger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Fan W, Li J, Wang Y, Pan J, Li S, Zhu L, Guo C, Yan Z. CD105 promotes chondrogenesis of synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells through Smad2 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:338-344. [PMID: 27107692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be suitable for cell-based tissue regeneration. Expressions of different cell surface markers confer distinct differentiation potential to different sub-populations of MSCs. Understanding the effect of cell surface markers on MSC differentiation is essential to their targeted application in different tissues. Although CD105 positive MSCs possess strong chondrogenic capacity, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we observed a considerable heterogeneity with respect to CD105 expression among MSCs isolated from synovium. The CD105(+) and CD105(-) synovium-derived MSCs (SMSCs) were sorted to compare their differentiation capacities and relative gene expressions. CD105(+) subpopulation had higher gene expressions of AGG, COL II and Sox9, and showed a stronger affinity for Alcian blue and immunofluorescent staining for aggrecan and collagenase II, as compared to those in CD105(-) cells. However, no significant difference was observed with respect to gene expressions of ALP, Runx2, LPL and PPARγ. CD105(+) SMSCs showed increased levels of Smad2 phosphorylation, while total Smad2 levels were similar between the two groups. There was no difference in activation of Smad1/5. These results were further confirmed by CD105-knockdown in SMSCs. Our findings suggest a stronger chondrogenic potential of CD105(+) SMSCs in comparison to that of CD105(-) SMSCs and that CD105 enhances chondrogenesis of SMSCs by regulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway, but not Smad1/5. Our study provides a better understanding of CD105 with respect to chondrogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinghuan Li
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianfeng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Stem Cell Therapy for Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence: The Current Status and Challenges. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7060975. [PMID: 26880983 PMCID: PMC4737006 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7060975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common urinary system disease that mostly affects women. Current treatments still do not solve the critical problem of urethral sphincter dysfunction. In recent years, there have been major developments in techniques to obtain, culture, and characterize autologous stem cells as well as many studies describing their applications for the treatment of SUI. In this paper, we review recent publications and clinical trials investigating the applications of several stem cell types as potential treatments for SUI and the underlying challenges of such therapy.
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Mohammadpour H, Pourfathollah AA, Nikougoftar Zarif M, Hashemi SM. Increasing proliferation of murine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by TNF-α plus IFN-γ. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 38:68-76. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1115519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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49
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Font Tellado S, Balmayor ER, Van Griensven M. Strategies to engineer tendon/ligament-to-bone interface: Biomaterials, cells and growth factors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 94:126-40. [PMID: 25777059 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Integration between tendon/ligament and bone occurs through a specialized tissue interface called enthesis. The complex and heterogeneous structure of the enthesis is essential to ensure smooth mechanical stress transfer between bone and soft tissues. Following injury, the interface is not regenerated, resulting in high rupture recurrence rates. Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for the regeneration of a functional enthesis. However, the complex structural and cellular composition of the native interface makes enthesis tissue engineering particularly challenging. Thus, it is likely that a combination of biomaterials and cells stimulated with appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues will be needed. The objective of this review is to describe the current state-of-the-art, challenges and future directions in the field of enthesis tissue engineering focusing on four key parameters: (1) scaffold and biomaterials, (2) cells, (3) growth factors and (4) mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Font Tellado
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Elizabeth R Balmayor
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Martijn Van Griensven
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Zhang L, Chen S, Bao N, Yang C, Ti Y, Zhou L, Zhao J. Sox4 enhances chondrogenic differentiation and proliferation of human synovium-derived stem cell via activation of long noncoding RNA DANCR. J Mol Histol 2015; 46:467-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-015-9638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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