1
|
Hu Z, Zhu F, Chen K. The Mechanisms of Silkworm Resistance to the Baculovirus and Antiviral Breeding. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 68:381-399. [PMID: 36689303 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-112317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is not only an economic insect but also a model organism for life science research. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) disease is a major infectious disease in the world's sericulture industry. The cocoon loss caused by this disease accounts for more than 60% of the total loss caused by all silkworm diseases. To date, there has been no effective solution for preventing and treating this disease. The most effective measure is to breed disease-resistant varieties. The quickest way to breed disease-resistant varieties is to apply genetic modification. However, this requires that we obtain disease resistance genes and know the mechanism of disease resistance. Since the discovery of disease-resistant resources in 1989, scholars in the sericulture industry around the world have been inspired to search for resistance genes. In the past two decades, with the help of multi-omics technologies, screening of resistance genes, gene localization, protein modification, virus-host interactions, etc., researchers have found some candidate genes that have been proposed to function at the cellular or individual level. Several disease-resistant varieties have been obtained and used in production through hybrid breeding, RNA interference, and genetic modification. This article summarizes and reviews the discovery of and research advances related to silkworm resistance to BmNPV. It is anticipated that the review will inspire scientific researchers to continue searching for disease resistance genes, clarify the molecular mechanism of silkworm disease resistance, and promote disease-resistant silkworm breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;
| | - Feifei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen G, Li Y, Kong X, Zhao S, Li J, Wu X. Overexpression Bombyx mori HEXIM1 Facilitates Immune Escape of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Suppressing BmRelish-Driven Immune Responses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122636. [PMID: 36560640 PMCID: PMC9782744 DOI: 10.3390/v14122636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a typical arthropod-specific enveloped DNA virus, is one of the most serious pathogens in silkworm farming, but the potential mechanisms of the evasion of innate immune responses from BmNPV infection are still poorly understood. HEXIM1 is an RNA-binding protein, best known as an inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which controls transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. In this study, Bombyx mori HEXIM1 (BmHEXIM1) was cloned and characterized, and its expression was found to be remarkably upregulated after BmNPV infection. Furthermore, BmHEXIM1 was detected to increase the proliferation of BmNPV, and its full length is essential for assisting BmNPV immune escape by suppressing BmRelish-driven immune responses. This study brought new insights into the mechanisms of immune escape of BmNPV and provided theoretical guidance for the breeding of BmNPV-resistant silkworm varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanping Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yuedong Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiangshuo Kong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shudi Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiale Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Potential Proteins Interactions with Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Revealed by Co-Immunoprecipitation. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070575. [PMID: 35886751 PMCID: PMC9324236 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Virus–host interactions are critical for virus replication, virulence, and pathogenicity. The Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a typical model baculovirus, representing one of the most common and harmful pathogens in sericulture. Herein, we used co-immunoprecipitation to identify candidate proteins with potential interactions with BmNPV. First, a recombinant BV virus particle rBmBV-egfp-p64-3×flag-gp64sp was constructed using a MultiBac baculovirus multigene expression system. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments were then performed with the recombinant BV virus infected with BmN cells and Dazao silkworms. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed a total of 845 and 1368 candidate proteins were obtained from BmN cells and silkworm samples, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis (Gene Ontology, KEGG Pathway) was conducted for selection of proteins with significant enrichment for further confirmation of the effects on BmNPV replication. Overall, the results showed that SEC61 and PIC promoted the replication of BmNPV, while FABP1 inhibited the replication of BmNPV. In summary, this study reveals the potential proteins involved in BmNPV invasion and proliferation in the host and provides a platform for identifying the potential receptor proteins of BmNPV.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kang X, Wang Y, Liang W, Tang X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhao P, Lu Z. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus downregulates transcription factor BmFoxO to elevate virus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:103904. [PMID: 33245980 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead-box O (FoxO) is the primary transcriptional effector of the insulin-like signaling pathway that enhances gluconeogenesis through transcriptional activation of PEPCK and G6Pase in mammals. We have previously demonstrated the involvement of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (BmPEPCK-2) in antiviral immunity against the multiplication of Bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosisvirus (BmNPV) in silkworm. Therefore, we speculated that BmFoxO might suppress BmNPV by regulating the expression of PEPCK in silkworm. In the present study, we found that the expression of BmFoxO decreased after BmNPV infection in Bombyx mori; this finding was consistent with BmPEPCK-2 expression. In addition, the expression of BmFoxO was altered, and it was found that reduced expression of BmFoxO (dsBmFoxO) downregulated the expression of BmPEPCK-2 and increased the viral fluorescence and content in silkworm embryonic cell line BmE cells, and vice versa. BmFoxO could upregulate the expression of BmPEPCK-2 by binding to the BmPEPCK-2 promoter. Moreover, overexpression of BmFoxO significantly increased the expression of autophagy genes ATG6/7/8 after infection with BmNPV, consistent with BmPEPCK-2. These results indicate that BmNPV downregulates transcription factor BmFoxO to elevate virus infection, and BmFoxO overexpression upregulates BmPEPCK-2 expression and enhances silkworm antiviral resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Zhongyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Zhang Y, Fei S, Awais MM, Zheng H, Feng M, Sun J. Heat Shock Protein 75 (TRAP1) facilitate the proliferation of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:372-378. [PMID: 33549665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The viruses utilize multiple cellular proteins to facilitate their proliferation. The Heat Shock Protein (HSP), the highly conserved protein in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, plays a critical role in facilitating viral proliferation. However, less is known about the role of the HSPs in the life cycles of the Baculoviruses. We constructed recombinant Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus and discovered the Heat Shock Protein 75 (TRAP1) in the B. mori ovary (BmN) cells by the co-immunoprecipitation experiment using the GP64 (glycoprotein 64) as the bait protein. Tissue expression profile analysis of B. mori indicated that the TRAP1 gene has higher expression levels in the ovary, midgut, and hemolymph. Down-regulation of TRAP1 via RNA interference (RNAi) and geldanamycin (GA, a TRAP1 inhibitor) treatment can reduce the expression level of the major capsid protein VP39 (viral protein 39) of BmNPV. In contrast, the up-regulation of TRAP1 via overexpression can increase the expression level of the VP39. These results indicated that the TRAP1 of B. mori could facilitate the proliferation of the BmNPV. This study provided new insights into the function of TRAP1, and the basic mechanisms of the baculoviruses life cycle for disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinong Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shigang Fei
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Muhammad Awais
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Feng
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingchen Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong Z, Zheng N, Hu C, Huang X, Chen P, Wu Q, Deng B, Lu C, Pan M. Genetic bioengineering of overexpressed guanylate binding protein family BmAtlastin-n enhances silkworm resistance to Nosema bombycis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:223-230. [PMID: 33453252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate single-celled eukaryote parasites. Microsporidian infection can cause large economic losses to beneficial insects such as silkworms and honey bees. Identification of resistance biomacromolecules and breeding of transgenic lines resistant to the microsporidian Nosema bombycis are important for disease management. We previously used transcriptome analysis to identify a guanylate binding protein family BmAtlastin-n gene that was significantly upregulated after Nosema bombycis infection, and we determined that the molecule was highly expressed in resistance-related tissues such as the midgut, fat body and the epidermis. The transgenic silkworm line overexpressing BmAtlastin-n biomolecules had economic characters similar to those of non-transgenic lines. The transgenic OE-BmAtlastin-n lines had significantly improved survival after microspore infection. We used RT-PCR and H&E staining to show that the number of spores in the transgenic lines was significantly lower than in the control lines. In this study, we identified a BmAtlastin-n macromolecule with resistance to N. bombycis and developed a transgenic line. The results improved understanding of the GBP protein family and provided biomacromolecule material for the treatment and prevention of microsporidia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ning Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Congwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xuhua Huang
- The General Extension Station of Sericulture Technology of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Boyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Minhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
In vivo RNA interference of BmNHR96 enhances the resistance of transgenic silkworm to BmNPV. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:332-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|