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Fan G, Gao Y, Wu X, Yu Y, Yao W, Jiang J, Liu H, Jiang T. Functional analysis of PagERF021 gene in salt stress tolerance in Populus alba × P. glandulosa. THE PLANT GENOME 2024:e20521. [PMID: 39414577 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Poplar trees are crucial for timber and greening, but high levels of salt in the soil have severely limited the yield of poplar. ETS2 repressor factor (ERF) transcription factors play an important role in growth, development, and stress response in eukaryotes. Our study focused on the PagERF021 gene from Populus alba × P. glandulosa, which was significantly upregulated in various tissues under salt stress. Both the tissue-specific expression pattern and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining of proPagERF021-GUS plants indicated that this gene was predominantly expressed in the roots and stems. The subcellular localization showed that the protein was only localized in the nucleus. The yeast assay demonstrated that this protein had transcriptional activation activity at its C-terminal and could specifically binding to the MYB-core cis-element. The overexpression of PagERF021 gene could scavenge the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and reduce the degree of cellular membrane damage, indicating that this gene enhanced the salt tolerance of poplars. This finding will provide a feasible insight for future research into the regulatory mechanisms of ERF genes in resisting to abiotic stress and the development of new stress-resistant varieties in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Huanzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Cui M, An F, Chen S, Qin X. Expression Pattern and Functional Analysis of MebHLH149 Gene in Response to Cassava Bacterial Blight. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2422. [PMID: 39273906 PMCID: PMC11397265 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The significant reduction in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) yields attributed to cassava bacterial blight (CBB) constitutes an urgent matter demanding prompt attention. The current study centered on the MebHLH149 transcription factor, which is acknowledged to be reactive to CBB and exhibits augmented expression levels, as indicated by laboratory transcriptome data. Our exploration, encompassing Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis strain CHN01 (Xpm CHN01) and hormone stress, disclosed that the MebHLH149 gene interacts with the pathogen at the early stage of infection. Furthermore, the MebHLH149 gene has been discovered to be responsive to the plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA), intimating a potential role in the signaling pathways mediated by these hormones. An analysis of the protein's subcellular localization suggested that MebHLH149 is predominantly located within the nucleus. Through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cassava, we discovered that MebHLH149-silenced plants manifested higher disease susceptibility, less ROS accumulation, and significantly larger leaf spot areas compared to control plants. The proteins MePRE5 and MePRE6, which are predicted to interact with MebHLH149, demonstrated complementary downregulation and upregulation patterns in response to silencing and overexpression of the MebHLH149 gene. This implies a potential interaction between MebHLH149 and these proteins. Both MePRE5 and MePRE6 genes are involved in the initial immune response to CBB. Notably, MebHLH149 was identified as a protein that physically interacts with MePRE5 and MePRE6. Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that the MebHLH149 gene likely functions as a positive regulator in the defense mechanisms of cassava against CBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cui
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Feifei An
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Songbi Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xindao Qin
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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Xie X, Pei M, Liu S, Wang X, Gong S, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Lu G, Li Y. Comprehensive Analysis of Autophagy-Related Genes in Rice Immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:927. [PMID: 38611457 PMCID: PMC11013097 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Rice blast disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is a significant threat to rice production. Resistant cultivars can effectively resist the invasion of M. oryzae. Thus, the identification of disease-resistant genes is of utmost importance for improving rice production. Autophagy, a cellular process that recycles damaged components, plays a vital role in plant growth, development, senescence, stress response, and immunity. To understand the involvement of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in rice immune response against M. oryzae, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 37 OsATGs, including bioinformatic analysis, transcriptome analysis, disease resistance analysis, and protein interaction analysis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the promoter regions of 33 OsATGs contained cis-acting elements responsive to salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonic acid (JA), two key hormones involved in plant defense responses. Transcriptome data showed that 21 OsATGs were upregulated during M. oryzae infection. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that OsATG6c, OsATG8a, OsATG9b, and OsATG13a contribute to rice blast resistance. Additionally, through protein interaction analysis, we identified five proteins that may interact with OsATG13a and potentially contribute to plant immunity. Our study highlights the important role of autophagy in rice immunity and suggests that OsATGs may enhance resistance to rice blast fungus through the involvement of SA, JA, or immune-related proteins. These findings provide valuable insights for future efforts in improving rice production through the identification and utilization of autophagy-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mengtian Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shanshan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Quality Safety Inspection and Test Center for Agricultural Products, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350013, China
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Agbemafle W, Wong MM, Bassham DC. Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of plant autophagy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6006-6022. [PMID: 37358252 PMCID: PMC10575704 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
In response to changing environmental conditions, plants activate cellular responses to enable them to adapt. One such response is autophagy, in which cellular components, for example proteins and organelles, are delivered to the vacuole for degradation. Autophagy is activated by a wide range of conditions, and the regulatory pathways controlling this activation are now being elucidated. However, key aspects of how these factors may function together to properly modulate autophagy in response to specific internal or external signals are yet to be discovered. In this review we discuss mechanisms for regulation of autophagy in response to environmental stress and disruptions in cell homeostasis. These pathways include post-translational modification of proteins required for autophagy activation and progression, control of protein stability of the autophagy machinery, and transcriptional regulation, resulting in changes in transcription of genes involved in autophagy. In particular, we highlight potential connections between the roles of key regulators and explore gaps in research, the filling of which can further our understanding of the autophagy regulatory network in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Agbemafle
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Min May Wong
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Lin LY, Chow HX, Chen CH, Mitsuda N, Chou WC, Liu TY. Role of autophagy-related proteins ATG8f and ATG8h in the maintenance of autophagic activity in Arabidopsis roots under phosphate starvation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1018984. [PMID: 37434600 PMCID: PMC10331476 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1018984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient starvation-induced autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotes. Plants defective in autophagy show hypersensitivity to carbon and nitrogen limitation. However, the role of autophagy in plant phosphate (Pi) starvation response is relatively less explored. Among the core autophagy-related (ATG) genes, ATG8 encodes a ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagosome formation and selective cargo recruitment. The Arabidopsis thaliana ATG8 genes, AtATG8f and AtATG8h, are notably induced in roots under low Pi. In this study, we show that such upregulation correlates with their promoter activities and can be suppressed in the phosphate response 1 (phr1) mutant. Yeast one-hybrid analysis failed to attest the binding of the AtPHR1 transcription factor to the promoter regions of AtATG8f and AtATG8h. Dual luciferase reporter assays in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts also indicated that AtPHR1 could not transactivate the expression of both genes. Loss of AtATG8f and AtATG8h leads to decreased root microsomal-enriched ATG8 but increased ATG8 lipidation. Moreover, atg8f/atg8h mutants exhibit reduced autophagic flux estimated by the vacuolar degradation of ATG8 in the Pi-limited root but maintain normal cellular Pi homeostasis with reduced number of lateral roots. While the expression patterns of AtATG8f and AtATG8h overlap in the root stele, AtATG8f is more strongly expressed in the root apex and root hair and remarkably at sites where lateral root primordia develop. We hypothesize that Pi starvation-induction of AtATG8f and AtATG8h may not directly contribute to Pi recycling but rely on a second wave of transcriptional activation triggered by PHR1 that fine-tunes cell type-specific autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Xuan Chow
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nobutaka Mitsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wen-Chun Chou
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yin Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Yue JY, Jiao JL, Wang WW, Jie XR, Wang HZ. Silencing of the calcium-dependent protein kinase TaCDPK27 improves wheat resistance to powdery mildew. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:134. [PMID: 36882703 PMCID: PMC9993671 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium ions (Ca2+), secondary messengers, are crucial for the signal transduction process of the interaction between plants and pathogens. Ca2+ signaling also regulates autophagy. As plant calcium signal-decoding proteins, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been found to be involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, information on their functions in response to powdery mildew attack in wheat crops is limited. RESULT In the present study, the expression levels of TaCDPK27, four essential autophagy-related genes (ATGs) (TaATG5, TaATG7, TaATG8, and TaATG10), and two major metacaspase genes, namely, TaMCA1 and TaMCA9, were increased by powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) infection in wheat seedling leaves. Silencing TaCDPK27 improves wheat seedling resistance to powdery mildew, with fewer Bgt hyphae occurring on TaCDPK27-silenced wheat seedling leaves than on normal seedlings. In wheat seedling leaves under powdery mildew infection, silencing TaCDPK27 induced excess contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS); decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT); and led to an increase in programmed cell death (PCD). Silencing TaCDPK27 also inhibited autophagy in wheat seedling leaves, and silencing TaATG7 also enhanced wheat seedling resistance to powdery mildew infection. TaCDPK27-mCherry and GFP-TaATG8h colocalized in wheat protoplasts. Overexpressed TaCDPK27-mCherry fusions required enhanced autophagy activity in wheat protoplast under carbon starvation. CONCLUSION These results suggested that TaCDPK27 negatively regulates wheat resistance to PW infection, and functionally links with autophagy in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yu Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Lan Jiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rui Jie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Zhong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
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Sharma I, Kirti PB, Pati PK. Autophagy: a game changer for plant development and crop improvement. PLANTA 2022; 256:103. [PMID: 36307739 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of autophagic pathway represents a tremendous opportunity for designing climate-smart crops with improved yield and better adaptability to changing environment. For exploiting autophagy to its full potential, identification and comprehensive characterization of adapters/receptor complex and elucidation of its regulatory network in crop plants is highly warranted. Autophagy is a major intracellular trafficking pathway in eukaryotes involved in vacuolar degradation of cytoplasmic constituents, mis-folded proteins, and defective organelles. Under optimum conditions, autophagy operates at a basal level to maintain cellular homeostasis, but under stressed conditions, it is induced further to provide temporal stress relief. Our understanding of this highly dynamic process has evolved exponentially in the past few years with special reference to several plant-specific roles of autophagy. Here, we review the most recent advances in the field of autophagy in plants and discuss its potential implications in designing crops with improved stress and disease-tolerance, enhanced yield potential, and improved capabilities for producing metabolites of high economic value. We also assess the current knowledge gaps and the possible strategies to develop a robust module for biotechnological application of autophagy to enhance bioeconomy and sustainability of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Sharma
- AgriBiotech Foundation, PJTS Agriculture University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India.
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 502324, Patancheru, Telangana, India.
| | | | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 140301, India
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Song I, Hong S, Huh SU. Identification and Expression Analysis of the Solanum tuberosum StATG8 Family Associated with the WRKY Transcription Factor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2858. [PMID: 36365311 PMCID: PMC9659186 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily well-conserved cellular catabolic pathway in eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in cellular processes. Autophagy is regulated by autophagy-associated (ATG) proteins. Among these ATG proteins, the ubiquitin-like protein ATG8/LC3 is essential for autophagosome formation and function. In this study, the potato StATG8 family showed clade I and clade II with significantly different sequences. Expression of the StATG8 family was also increased in senescence. Interestingly, the expression of the StATG8 and other core StATG genes decreased in potato tubers as the tubers matured. The StATG8 family also responded to a variety of stresses such as heat, wounding, salicylic acid, and salt stress. We also found that some Arabidopsis WRKY transcription factors interacted with the StATG8 protein in planta. Based on group II-a WRKY, StATG8-WRKY interaction is independent of the ATG8 interacting motif (AIM) or LC3 interacting region (LIR) motif. This study showed that the StATG8 family had diverse functions in tuber maturation and multiple stress responses in potatoes. Additionally, StATG8 may have an unrelated autophagy function in the nucleus with the WRKY transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sung Un Huh
- Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea
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Autophagy in the Lifetime of Plants: From Seed to Seed. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911410. [PMID: 36232711 PMCID: PMC9570326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved self-degradation mechanism in eukaryotes. Excess or harmful intracellular content can be encapsulated by double-membrane autophagic vacuoles and transferred to vacuoles for degradation in plants. Current research shows three types of autophagy in plants, with macroautophagy being the most important autophagic degradation pathway. Until now, more than 40 autophagy-related (ATG) proteins have been identified in plants that are involved in macroautophagy, and these proteins play an important role in plant growth regulation and stress responses. In this review, we mainly introduce the research progress of autophagy in plant vegetative growth (roots and leaves), reproductive growth (pollen), and resistance to biotic (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) and abiotic stresses (nutrients, drought, salt, cold, and heat stress), and we discuss the application direction of plant autophagy in the future.
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Liu Y, Cao D, Ma L, Jin X. Upregulation of protein N-glycosylation plays crucial roles in the response of Camellia sinensis leaves to fluoride. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 183:138-150. [PMID: 35597102 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the three major beverage crops in the world with its leaves consumption as tea. However, it can hyperaccumulate fluoride with about 98% fluoride deposition in the leaves. Our previously studies found that cell wall proteins (CWPs) might play a central role in fluoride accumulation/detoxification in C. sinensis. CWP is known to be glycosylated, however the response of CWP N-glycosylation to fluoride remains unknown in C. sinensis. In this study, a comparative N-glycoproteomic analysis was performed through HILIC enrichment coupled with UPLC-MS/MS based on TMT-labeling approach in C. sinensis leaves. Totally, 237 N-glycoproteins containing 326 unique N-glycosites were identified. 73.4%, 18.6%, 6.3% and 1.7% of these proteins possess 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 modification site, respectively. 93.2% of these proteins were predicted to be localized in the secretory pathway and 78.9% of them were targeted to the cell wall and the plasma membrane. 133 differentially accumulated N-glycosites (DNGSs) on 100 N-glycoproteins (DNGPs) were detected and 85.0% of them exhibited upregulated expression after fluoride treatment. 78.0% DNGPs were extracellular DNGPs, which belonged to CWPs, and 53.0% of them were grouped into protein acting on cell wall polysaccharides, proteases and oxido-reductases, whereas the majority of the remaining DNGPs were mainly related to N-glycoprotein biosynthesis, trafficking and quality control. Our study shed new light on the N-glycoproteome study, and revealed that increased N-glycosylation abundance of CWPs might contribute to fluoride accumulation/detoxification in C. sinensis leave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Liu
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Dan Cao
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Linlong Ma
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Xiaofang Jin
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China.
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Leong JX, Raffeiner M, Spinti D, Langin G, Franz-Wachtel M, Guzman AR, Kim JG, Pandey P, Minina AE, Macek B, Hafrén A, Bozkurt TO, Mudgett MB, Börnke F, Hofius D, Üstün S. A bacterial effector counteracts host autophagy by promoting degradation of an autophagy component. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110352. [PMID: 35620914 PMCID: PMC9251887 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond its role in cellular homeostasis, autophagy plays anti‐ and promicrobial roles in host–microbe interactions, both in animals and plants. One prominent role of antimicrobial autophagy is to degrade intracellular pathogens or microbial molecules, in a process termed xenophagy. Consequently, microbes evolved mechanisms to hijack or modulate autophagy to escape elimination. Although well‐described in animals, the extent to which xenophagy contributes to plant–bacteria interactions remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence that Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) suppresses host autophagy by utilizing type‐III effector XopL. XopL interacts with and degrades the autophagy component SH3P2 via its E3 ligase activity to promote infection. Intriguingly, XopL is targeted for degradation by defense‐related selective autophagy mediated by NBR1/Joka2, revealing a complex antagonistic interplay between XopL and the host autophagy machinery. Our results implicate plant antimicrobial autophagy in the depletion of a bacterial virulence factor and unravel an unprecedented pathogen strategy to counteract defense‐related autophagy in plant–bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xuan Leong
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Margot Raffeiner
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Daniela Spinti
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Gautier Langin
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mirita Franz-Wachtel
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Quantitative Proteomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrew R Guzman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jung-Gun Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pooja Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alyona E Minina
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Boris Macek
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Quantitative Proteomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anders Hafrén
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tolga O Bozkurt
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Frederik Börnke
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Hofius
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suayib Üstün
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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12
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Wang J, Miao S, Liu Y, Wang Y. Linking Autophagy to Potential Agronomic Trait Improvement in Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094793. [PMID: 35563184 PMCID: PMC9103229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process in eukaryotic cells, by which the superfluous or damaged cytoplasmic components can be delivered into vacuoles or lysosomes for degradation and recycling. Two decades of autophagy research in plants uncovers the important roles of autophagy during diverse biological processes, including development, metabolism, and various stress responses. Additionally, molecular machineries contributing to plant autophagy onset and regulation have also gradually come into people’s sights. With the advancement of our knowledge of autophagy from model plants, autophagy research has expanded to include crops in recent years, for a better understanding of autophagy engagement in crop biology and its potentials in improving agricultural performance. In this review, we summarize the current research progress of autophagy in crops and discuss the autophagy-related approaches for potential agronomic trait improvement in crop plants.
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13
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Zhu S, Fan R, Xiong X, Li J, Xiang L, Hong Y, Ye Y, Zhang X, Yu X, Chen Y. MeWRKY IIas, Subfamily Genes of WRKY Transcription Factors From Cassava, Play an Important Role in Disease Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:890555. [PMID: 35720572 PMCID: PMC9201764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tropical crop for food, fodder, and energy. Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) occurs in all cassava growing regions and threatens global cassava production. WRKY transcription factor family plays the essential roles during plant growth, development, and abiotic or biotic stress. Particularly, previous studies have revealed the important role of the group IIa WRKY genes in plant disease resistance. However, a comprehensive analysis of group IIa subfamily in cassava is still missing. Here, we identified 102 WRKY members, which were classified into three groups, I, II, and III. Transient expression showed that six MeWRKY IIas were localized in the nucleus. MeWRKY IIas transcripts accumulated significantly in response to SA, JA, and Xam. Overexpression of MeWRKY27 and MeWRKY33 in Arabidopsis enhanced its resistance to Pst DC3000. In contrast, silencing of MeWRKY27 and MeWRKY33 in cassava enhanced its susceptibility to Xam. Co-expression network analysis showed that different downstream genes are regulated by different MeWRKY IIa members. The functional analysis of downstream genes will provide clues for clarifying molecular mechanism of cassava disease resistance. Collectively, our results suggest that MeWRKY IIas are regulated by SA, JA signaling, and coordinate response to Xam infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shousong Zhu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ruochen Fan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xi Xiong
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuhui Hong
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yiwei Ye
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- CGIAR Research Program on Roots Tubers and Bananas (RTB), International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Yu
| | - Yinhua Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Yinhua Chen
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14
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Zárate‐Chaves CA, Gómez de la Cruz D, Verdier V, López CE, Bernal A, Szurek B. Cassava diseases caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis and Xanthomonas cassavae. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1520-1537. [PMID: 34227737 PMCID: PMC8578842 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm) and X. cassavae (Xc) are two bacterial pathogens attacking cassava. Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) is a systemic disease caused by Xpm, which might have dramatic effects on plant growth and crop production. Cassava bacterial necrosis is a nonvascular disease caused by Xc with foliar symptoms similar to CBB, but its impacts on the plant vigour and the crop are limited. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and ecology of the two pathogens, the impacts and management of the diseases, and the main research achievements for each pathosystem. Because Xc data are sparse, our main focus is on Xpm and CBB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valérie Verdier
- PHIMUniversité MontpellierCIRADINRAeIRDInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Camilo E. López
- Manihot Biotec, Departamento de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia
| | - Adriana Bernal
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares de Microorganismos AgrícolasDepartamento de Ciencias BásicasUniversidad de los AndesBogotáColombia
| | - Boris Szurek
- PHIMUniversité MontpellierCIRADINRAeIRDInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
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15
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Chen W, Zhang J, Zheng S, Wang Z, Xu C, Zhang Q, Wu J, Lou H. Metabolite profiling and transcriptome analyses reveal novel regulatory mechanisms of melatonin biosynthesis in hickory. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:196. [PMID: 34465767 PMCID: PMC8408178 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that melatonin regulates the expression of various elements in the biosynthesis and catabolism of plant hormones. In contrast, the effects of these different plant hormones on the biosynthesis and metabolism of melatonin and their underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the melatonin biosynthesis pathway was proposed from constructed metabolomic and transcriptomic libraries from hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) nuts. The candidate pathway genes were further identified by phylogenetic analysis, amino-acid sequence alignment, and subcellular localization. Notably, most of the transcription factor-related genes coexpressed with melatonin pathway genes were hormone-responsive genes. Furthermore, dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays revealed that CcEIN3 (response to ethylene) and CcAZF2 (response to abscisic acid) could activate melatonin biosynthesis pathway genes, a tryptophan decarboxylase coding gene (CcTDC1) and an N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase coding gene (CcASMT1), by directly binding to their promoters, respectively. Our results provide a molecular basis for the characterization of novel melatonin biosynthesis regulatory mechanisms and demonstrate for the first time that abscisic acid and ethylene can regulate melatonin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, 313000, Huzhou, China
| | - Chuanmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Prasad A, Hari-Gowthem G, Muthamilarasan M, Hussain Z, Yadav PK, Tripathi S, Prasad M. Molecular characterization of SlATG18f in response to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infection in tomato and development of a CAPS marker for leaf curl disease tolerance. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1463-1474. [PMID: 33554270 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of autophagy-related genes in tomato shows the involvement of SlATG18f in leaf curl disease tolerance and a CAPS marker developed from this gene demonstrates its usefulness in marker-assisted selection. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process regulating cellular homeostasis and adaptation to different biotic and abiotic stress. Several autophagy-related proteins (ATGs) are reported to be involved in autophagic processes, and considering their importance in regulating growth and stress adaptation, these proteins have been identified and characterized in several plant species. However, there is no information available on the role of autophagy-related proteins regulating the tolerance of tomato to tomato leaf curl disease (ToLCD). Given this, the present genome-wide study identified thirty ATG-encoding genes (SlATG) in tomato, followed by their functional characterization. Expression profiling of the SlATG genes in contrasting tomato cultivars subjected to virus infection showed a 4.5-fold upregulation of SlATG18f in the tolerant cultivar. Further, virus-induced gene silencing of SlATG18f in the tolerant cultivar conferred disease susceptibility, which suggested the role of this gene in Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus tolerance. Comparison of the gene sequence of both tolerant and susceptible cultivars along with the 5' upstream regions identified an SNP (A/T) at -2916 upstream of the start codon. A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker was developed targeting this region, which showed a significant association with the tolerance characteristics in the tomato germplasm (R2 = 0.1787). Altogether, the study identified a potential gene that could be used to develop ToLCNDV tolerant tomato cultivars using transgene-based or marker-assisted breeding-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | | | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Zakir Hussain
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Yadav
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sandhya Tripathi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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17
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Huo L, Guo Z, Wang P, Sun X, Xu K, Ma F. MdHARBI1, a MdATG8i-interacting protein, plays a positive role in plant thermotolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110850. [PMID: 33775357 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major degradation pathway in plants for maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to various environmental stressors. ATG8 is one of a series of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins and plays a central role in both bulk and selective autophagy. Previously, we characterized MdATG8i in apple and demonstrated that it has a positive role in apple stress resistance. Although many ATG8-interacting proteins have been found in Arabidopsis, no protein has been reported to interact with MdATG8 in apple. Here, we identified MdHARBI1 as a MdATG8i-interacting protein in apple, however, the functions of HARBI1-like proteins have not been explored in plants. Expression analysis of MdHARBI1 and pro-MdHARBI1-GUS staining of transgenic Arabidopsis exposed to high temperature demonstrated that MdHARBI1 was significantly induced by heat stress. Moreover, heat-treated MdHARBI1-trangenic tomato plants maintained higher autophagic activity, accumulated fewer ROS, and displayed stronger chlorophyll fluorescence than wild-type plants. Because these phenotypes were consistent with those displayed by MdATG8i-overexpressing apple plants under high temperature, we concluded that the MdATG8i-interacting protein MdHARBI1 plays a critical role in the basal thermotolerance of plants, mainly by influencing autophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Huo
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kai Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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18
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Autophagy and Its Regulators in Response to Stress in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238889. [PMID: 33255241 PMCID: PMC7727659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To survive in stressful conditions, plants have developed multiple strategies to relieve damage. One of the strategies is to clear the damaged protein and organelles. Autophagy is a highly conservative degradation process, which refers to the recycling of damaged protein and organelles. Over the past decades, increasing evidence has revealed the important roles of autophagy in response to stress conditions, and many factors have been revealed involved in the sophisticated regulation of the autophagy signaling pathway. However, the accurate regulation pathway of the autophagy pathway is largely unknown. The current review proposes how stress-response factors respond to stress conditions involved in regulating the autophagy signaling pathway. In short, clarifying the regulating pathway of autophagy in response to stress conditions is beneficial to plant breeding.
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19
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Chang Y, Bai Y, Wei Y, Shi H. CAMTA3 negatively regulates disease resistance through modulating immune response and extensive transcriptional reprogramming in cassava. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:1520-1533. [PMID: 32705122 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As one of the important crops in the world, cassava production is seriously threatened by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) all year round. Calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) play key roles in biotic stress and abiotic stress in plants, however, their roles in cassava remain elusive. In this study, six MeCAMTAs were identified, and MeCAMTA3 with the highest induction upon Xam infection was confirmed as a transcription factor that binds to the vCGCGb motif. MeCAMTA3 negatively regulates plant disease resistance against Xam. On the one hand, MeCAMTA3 negatively regulated endogenous salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species accumulation, pathogenesis-related genes MePRs' transcripts and callose deposition during cassava-Xam interaction but not under control conditions. On the other hand, RNA sequencing showed extensive transcriptional reprogramming by MeCAMTA3, especially 18 genes with a vCGCGb motif in the promoter region in hormone signaling, antioxidant signaling and other disease resistance signaling. Notably, chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction showed that eight of these genes might be directly regulated by MeCAMTA3 through transcriptional repression. In summary, MeCAMTA3 negatively regulates plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight through modulation of multiple immune responses during cassava-Xam interaction and extensive transcriptional reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Chang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan province, 570228, China
| | - Yujing Bai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan province, 570228, China
| | - Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan province, 570228, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan province, 570228, China
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20
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Wei Y, Bai Y, Cheng X, Zhu B, Reiter RJ, Shi H. The dual roles of melatonin biosynthesis enzymes in the coordination of melatonin biosynthesis and autophagy in cassava. J Pineal Res 2020; 69:e12652. [PMID: 32201970 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Both autophagy and melatonin play important roles in plant development and stress response. However, the direct correlation between autophagy and melatonin as well as the underlying mechanism remains elusive in plants. In this study, we discovered that the expression of three autophagy-associated genes (MeATG8b, 8c, and 8e) and autophagic activity were induced by exogenous melatonin treatment in cassava. In addition, three melatonin biosynthesis enzymes (tryptophan decarboxylase 2 (MeTDC2), N-aceylserotonin O-methyltransferase 2 (MeASMT2), and MeASMT3) positively regulate endogenous melatonin level and autophagic activity. Further investigation showed that these melatonin biosynthesis enzymes interacted with MeATG8b/8c/8e in vivo and in vitro. Consistently, MeTDC2, MeASMT2, and MeASMT3 also positively regulate endogenous melatonin level and autophagic activity in cassava. Notably, overexpression of MeATG8b, 8c, and 8e facilitated the protein expression level of MeTDC2, MeASMT2, and MeASMT3 in vivo. Taken together, melatonin synthesis enzymes (MeTDC2, MeASMT2/3) interact with MeATG8b/8c/8e and thus coordinate the dynamics of melatonin biosynthesis and autophagic activity in cassava, highlighting the links between melatonin biosynthesis and autophagic activity in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yujing Bai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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21
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Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Autophagy in Plants. Trends Genet 2020; 36:676-688. [PMID: 32674948 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy, a highly conserved quality control mechanism, is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and healthy growth of plants. Compared with extensive research in the cytoplasmic control of autophagy, studies regarding the nuclear events involved in the regulation of plant autophagy are just beginning to emerge. Accumulating evidence reveals a coordinated expression of plant autophagy genes in response to diverse developmental states and growth conditions. Here, we summarize recent progress in the identification of tightly controlled transcription factors and histone marks associated with the autophagic process in plants, and propose several modules, consisting of transcription regulators and epigenetic modifiers, as important nuclear players that could contribute to both short-term and long-term controls of plant autophagy at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
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22
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Wei Y, Liu W, Hu W, Yan Y, Shi H. The chaperone MeHSP90 recruits MeWRKY20 and MeCatalase1 to regulate drought stress resistance in cassava. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:476-491. [PMID: 31782811 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) is widely involved in various developmental processes and stress responses in plants. However, the molecular chaperone HSP90-constructed protein complex and its function in cassava remain elusive. In this study, we report that HSP90 is essential for drought stress resistance in cassava by regulating abscisic acid (ABA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) using two specific protein inhibitors of HSP90 (geldanamycin (GDA) and radicicol (RAD)). Among 10 MeHSP90s, the transcript of MeHSP90.9 is largely induced during drought stress. Further investigation identifies MeWRKY20 and MeCatalase1 as MeHSP90.9-interacting proteins. MeHSP90.9-, MeWRKY20-, or MeCatalase1-silenced plants through virus-induced gene silencing display drought sensitivity in cassava, indicating that they are important to drought stress response. MeHSP90.9 can promote the direct transcriptional activation of MeWRKY20 on the W-box element of MeNCED5 promoter, encoding a key enzyme in ABA biosynthesis. Moreover, MeHSP90.9 positively regulates the activity of MeCatalase1, and MeHSP90.9-silenced cassava leaves accumulate more H2 O2 under drought stress. Taken together, we demonstrate that the MeHSP90.9 chaperone complex is a regulator of drought stress resistance in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
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23
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Liao CY, Bassham DC. Combating stress: the interplay between hormone signaling and autophagy in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:1723-1733. [PMID: 31725881 PMCID: PMC7067298 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved recycling process in which cellular components are delivered to and degraded in the vacuole/lysosome for reuse. In plants, it assists in responding to dynamic environmental conditions and maintaining metabolite homeostasis under normal or stress conditions. Under stress, autophagy is activated to remove damaged components and to recycle nutrients for survival, and the energy sensor kinases target of rapamycin (TOR) and SNF-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) are key to this activation. Here, we discuss accumulating evidence that hormone signaling plays critical roles in regulating autophagy and plant stress responses, although the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs are often not clear. Several hormones have been shown to regulate TOR activity during stress, in turn controlling autophagy. Hormone signaling can also regulate autophagy gene expression, while, reciprocally, autophagy can regulate hormone synthesis and signaling pathways. We highlight how the interplay between major energy sensors, plant hormones, and autophagy under abiotic and biotic stress conditions can assist in plant stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Liao
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Correspondence:
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Liu G, Zeng H, Li X, Wei Y, Shi H. Functional Analysis of MaWRKY24 in Transcriptional Activation of Autophagy-Related Gene 8f/g and Plant Disease Susceptibility to Soil-Borne Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040264. [PMID: 31775365 PMCID: PMC6963284 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKYs play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Although MaWRKYs have been comprehensively identified in the banana (Musa acuminata), their in vivo roles and direct targets remain elusive. In this study, a transcript profile analysis indicated the common regulation of MaWRKYs transcripts in response to fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Among these MaWRKYs, MaWRKY24 was chosen for further analysis due to its higher expression in response to Foc. The specific nucleus subcellular location and transcription activated activity on W-box indicated that MaWRKY24 was a transcription factor. The correlation analysis of gene expression indicated that MaWRKYs were closely related to autophagy-associated genes (MaATG8s). Further analysis showed that MaWRKY24 directly regulated the transcriptional level of MaATG8f/g through binding to W-box in their promoters, as evidenced by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), dual luciferase assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In addition, overexpression of MaWRKY24 and MaATG8f/g resulted in disease susceptibility to Foc, which might be related to the activation of autophagic activity. This study highlights the positive regulation of MaWRKY24 in transcriptional activation of autophagy-related gene 8f/g in the banana and their common roles in disease susceptibility to soil-borne Foc, indicating the effects of MaWRKY24 on autophagy and disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haitao Shi
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-898-66160721
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Yang M, Bu F, Huang W, Chen L. Multiple Regulatory Levels Shape Autophagy Activity in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:532. [PMID: 31068964 PMCID: PMC6491747 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a strictly regulated pathway involving the degradation of cytoplasmic organelles and proteins. Most autophagy-related genes have been identified in plants based on sequence similarity to homologues in yeast and mammals. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underlying plant autophagy have been extensively studied in the last decade. Plant autophagy plays an important role in various stress responses, pathogen defense, and developmental processes such as seed germination, pollen maturation, and leaf senescence. However, the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in plants remain poorly understood. Recent studies have identified several plant autophagy regulators, which modify autophagy activity at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding regarding regulatory network of plant autophagy and future directions in autophagy research.
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Zhu G, Li W, Wang G, Li L, Si Q, Cai C, Guo W. Genetic Basis of Fiber Improvement and Decreased Stress Tolerance in Cultivated Versus Semi-Domesticated Upland Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1572. [PMID: 31850042 PMCID: PMC6895062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Crop domestication from wild ancestors has resulted in the wide adaptation coupled with improved yield and quality traits. However, the genetic basis of many domesticated characteristics remains to be explored. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is the most important tetraploid cotton species, accounting for about 90% of world cotton commerce. Here, we reveal the effects of domestication on fiber and stress traits through comprehensive analyses of semi-domesticated races and cultivated cotton accessions. A total of 416 cotton accessions were genotyped, and a decrease in genetic diversity from races to landraces and modern cultivars was detected. Furthermore, 71 domestication selective sweeps (DSS) and 14 improvement selective sweeps (ISS) were identified, with the Dt sub-genome experiencing stronger selection than the At sub-genome during the both selection types. The more expressed genes and a delay in the expression peak of genes related to secondary cell wall (SCW) development in modern cultivars compared to semi-domesticated cotton races, may have contributed to long fibers in these plants. However, down-regulation of genes related to stress response was responsible for decreasing stress tolerance in modern cultivars. We further experimentally confirmed that silencing of PR1 and WRKY20, genes that showed higher expression in the semi-domesticated races, drastically compromised cotton resistance to V. dahliae. Our results reveal fiber improvement and decreased stress tolerance as a result of the domestication of modern upland cotton cultivars.
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Abstract
The highly conserved catabolic process of autophagy delivers unwanted proteins or damaged organelles to vacuoles for degradation and recycling. This is essential for the regulation of cellular homeostasis, stress adaptation, and programmed cell death in eukaryotes. In particular, emerging evidence indicates that autophagy plays a multifunctional regulatory role in plant innate immunity during plant-pathogen interactions. In this review, we highlight existing knowledge regarding the involvement of autophagy in plant immunity, mechanisms functioning in the induction of autophagy upon pathogen infection, and possible directions for future research.
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Tang J, Bassham DC. Autophagy in crop plants: what's new beyond Arabidopsis? Open Biol 2018; 8:180162. [PMID: 30518637 PMCID: PMC6303781 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a major degradation and recycling pathway in plants. It functions to maintain cellular homeostasis and is induced by environmental cues and developmental stimuli. Over the past decade, the study of autophagy has expanded from model plants to crop species. Many features of the core machinery and physiological functions of autophagy are conserved among diverse organisms. However, several novel functions and regulators of autophagy have been characterized in individual plant species. In light of its critical role in development and stress responses, a better understanding of autophagy in crop plants may eventually lead to beneficial agricultural applications. Here, we review recent progress on understanding autophagy in crops and discuss potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Wei Y, Liu G, Chang Y, Lin D, Reiter RJ, He C, Shi H. Melatonin biosynthesis enzymes recruit WRKY transcription factors to regulate melatonin accumulation and transcriptional activity on W-box in cassava. J Pineal Res 2018. [PMID: 29528508 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is widely involved in growth, development, and stress responses in plants. Although the melatonin synthesis enzymes have been identified in various plants, their interacting proteins remain unknown. Herein, overexpression of tryptophan decarboxylase 2 (MeTDC2)-interacting proteins, N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase 2 (MeASMT2) interacting proteins, and N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase 3 (MeASMT3) in cassava leaf protoplasts resulted in more melatonin than when other enzymes were overexpressed. Through yeast two-hybrid, 14 MeTDC2-interacting proteins, 24 MeASMT2 interacting proteins, and 9 MeASMT3-interacting proteins were identified. Notably, we highlighted MeWRKY20 and MeWRKY75 as common interacting proteins of the 3 enzymes, as evidenced by yeast two-hybrid, and in vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). Moreover, co-overexpression of MeTDC2/MeASMT2/3 with MeWRKY20/75 in cassava leaf protoplasts did not only activated the transcriptional activities of MeWRKY20 and MeWRKY75 on W-box, but also induced the effects of MeTDC2, MeASMT2/3 on endogenous melatonin levels. Taken together, 3 melatonin synthesis enzymes (MeTDC2, MeASMT2/3) interact with MeWRKY20/75 to form a protein complex in cassava. This information significantly extends the knowledge of the complex modulation of plant melatonin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanli Chang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Daozhe Lin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Zeng H, Xie Y, Liu G, Lin D, He C, Shi H. Molecular identification of GAPDHs in cassava highlights the antagonism of MeGAPCs and MeATG8s in plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 97:201-214. [PMID: 29679263 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE MeGAPCs were identified as negative regulators of plant disease resistance, and the interaction of MeGAPCs and MeATG8s was highlighted in plant defense response. As an important enzyme of glycolysis metabolic pathway, glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (GAPDH) plays important roles in plant development, abiotic stress and immune responses. Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is most important tropical crop and one of the major food crops, however, no information is available about GAPDH gene family in cassava. In this study, 14 MeGAPDHs including 6 cytosol GAPDHs (MeGAPCs) were identified from cassava, and the transcripts of 14 MeGAPDHs in response to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis (Xam) indicated their possible involvement in immune responses. Further investigation showed that MeGAPCs are negative regulators of disease resistance against Xam. Through transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, we found that overexpression of MeGAPCs led to decreased disease resistance against Xam. On the contrary, MeGAPCs-silenced cassava plants through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) conferred improved disease resistance. Notably, MeGAPCs physically interacted with autophagy-related protein 8b (MeATG8b) and MeATG8e and inhibited autophagic activity. Moreover, MeATG8b and MeATG8e negatively regulated the activities of NAD-dependent MeGAPDHs, and are involved in MeGAPCs-mediated disease resistance. Taken together, this study highlights the involvement of MeGAPCs in plant disease resistance, through interacting with MeATG8b and MeATG8e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiu Zeng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yanwei Xie
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Daozhe Lin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Haque E, Taniguchi H, Hassan MM, Bhowmik P, Karim MR, Śmiech M, Zhao K, Rahman M, Islam T. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for the Improvement of Crops Cultivated in Tropical Climates: Recent Progress, Prospects, and Challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:617. [PMID: 29868073 PMCID: PMC5952327 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The world population is expected to increase from 7.3 to 9.7 billion by 2050. Pest outbreak and increased abiotic stresses due to climate change pose a high risk to tropical crop production. Although conventional breeding techniques have significantly increased crop production and yield, new approaches are required to further improve crop production in order to meet the global growing demand for food. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein9) genome editing technology has shown great promise for quickly addressing emerging challenges in agriculture. It can be used to precisely modify genome sequence of any organism including plants to achieve the desired trait. Compared to other genome editing tools such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas9 is faster, cheaper, precise and highly efficient in editing genomes even at the multiplex level. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in editing the plant genome is emerging rapidly. The CRISPR/Cas9 is becoming a user-friendly tool for development of non-transgenic genome edited crop plants to counteract harmful effects from climate change and ensure future food security of increasing population in tropical countries. This review updates current knowledge and potentials of CRISPR/Cas9 for improvement of crops cultivated in tropical climates to gain resiliency against emerging pests and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effi Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Md. Mahmudul Hassan
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Development School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Pankaj Bhowmik
- National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - M. Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Jahangirnagar University Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Magdalena Śmiech
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Kaijun Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mahfuzur Rahman
- Extension Service, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
- Extension Service, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- *Correspondence: Tofazzal Islam
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