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Mei M, Liu M, Mei Y, Zhao J, Li Y. Sphingolipid metabolism in brain insulin resistance and neurological diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243132. [PMID: 37867511 PMCID: PMC10587683 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, as members of the large lipid family, are important components of plasma membrane. Sphingolipids participate in biological signal transduction to regulate various important physiological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, senescence, and differentiation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sphingolipids are strongly associated with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance, including peripheral insulin resistance and brain insulin resistance, is closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases. In addition to metabolic diseases, like type 2 diabetes, brain insulin resistance is also involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, the specific mechanism of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance has not been systematically summarized. This article reviews the involvement of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance, highlighting the role and molecular biological mechanism of sphingolipid metabolism in cognitive dysfunctions and neuropathological abnormalities of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maochang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Administrative Office, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li H, Ma Y, Feng N, Wang W, He C. Exploration of Potential Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes by UPLC-QTOF-MS and WGCNA of Skin Surface Lipids. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:87-96. [PMID: 35082508 PMCID: PMC8785223 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s347245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has become popular and has become one of the most important global health care challenges. Patients with diabetes have a high incidence of skin diseases. Cell and animal models are often used to study the skin conditions of people with diabetes. METHODS In this study, a volunteer questionnaire survey, skin lipomics analysis based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to study the differences in skin conditions and skin lipids of participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group D) versus healthy individuals (Group H) and the correlation between these groups. The questionnaire was used to investigate personal basic, diabetes, and facial skin status information of 77 female volunteers aged 55-65 years old from the Peking University Shougang Hospital. The facial skin lipids of all volunteers were analysed by UPLC-QTOF-MS technique; the differential lipids between groups D and H were analysed by partial least-squared discriminant and univariate analysis. RESULTS In total, 23 kinds of differential lipids were identified, all of which belonged to sphingolipids. The use of WGCNA combined clinical information with lipid analysis to study the relationship between glycosylated haemoglobin, skin pigmentation/non-pigmentation, and skin lipids. Two types of lipids were identified to distinguish between hub lipids of high and low glycosylated haemoglobin; 12 types of lipids were identified that could distinguish between the hub lipids of pigmented and non-pigmented participants (PLS-DA). CONCLUSION The experimental results not only provide a reference for the diagnosis and classification of diabetes via analysing the skin lipids of patients, but also provides a theoretical basis for further study on the effects of diabetes on the skin of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huike Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plants Resource Research and Development, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plants Resource Research and Development, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Congfen He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plants Resource Research and Development, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Ding Y, Jiang Y, Zhu M, Zhu Q, He Y, Lu Y, Wang Y, Qi J, Feng Y, Huang R, Yin H, Li S, Sun Y. Follicular fluid lipidomic profiling reveals potential biomarkers of polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:960274. [PMID: 36176459 PMCID: PMC9513192 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.960274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder associated with multiple metabolic conditions including obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. PCOS is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility; however, the molecular diversity of the ovarian follicle microenvironment is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the follicular fluid (FF) lipidomic profiles in different phenotypes of PCOS and to explore novel lipid biomarkers. METHODS A total of 25 women with PCOS and 12 women without PCOS who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were recruited, and their FF samples were collected for the lipidomic study. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to compare the differential abundance of FF lipids between patients with different PCOS phenotypes and controls. Subsequently, correlations between specific lipid concentrations in FF and high-quality embryo rate (HQER) were analyzed to further evaluate the potential interferences of lipid levels with oocyte quality in PCOS. Candidate biomarkers were then compared via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS In total, 19 lipids were identified in ovarian FF. Of these, the concentrations of ceramide (Cer) and free fatty acids (FFA) in FF were significantly increased, whereas those of lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) were reduced in women with PCOS compared to controls, especially in obese and insulin-resistant groups. In addition, six subclasses of ceramide, FFA, and LPG were correlated with oocyte quality. Twenty-three lipid subclasses were identified as potential biomarkers of PCOS, and ROC analysis indicated the prognostic value of Cer,36:1;2, FFA C14:1, and LPG,18:0 on HQER in patients with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the unique lipidomic profiles in FF from women with PCOS. Moreover, it provided metabolic signatures as well as candidate biomarkers that help to better understand the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjiang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Qinling Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Shengxian Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxian Li, ; Yun Sun,
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxian Li, ; Yun Sun,
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Fink J, Schumacher F, Schlegel J, Stenzel P, Wigger D, Sauer M, Kleuser B, Seibel J. Azidosphinganine enables metabolic labeling and detection of sphingolipid de novo synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2203-2212. [PMID: 33496698 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here were report the combination of biocompatible click chemistry of ω-azidosphinganine with fluorescence microscopy and mass spectrometry as a powerful tool to elaborate the sphingolipid metabolism. The azide probe was efficiently synthesized over 13 steps starting from l-serine in an overall yield of 20% and was used for live-cell fluorescence imaging of the endoplasmic reticulum in living cells by bioorthogonal click reaction with a DBCO-labeled fluorophore revealing that the incorporated analogue is mainly localized in the endoplasmic membrane like the endogenous species. A LC-MS(/MS)-based microsomal in vitro assay confirmed that ω-azidosphinganine mimics the natural species enabling the identification and analysis of metabolic breakdown products of sphinganine as a key starting intermediate in the complex sphingolipid biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, the sphinganine-fluorophore conjugate after click reaction was enzymatically tolerated to form its dihydroceramide and ceramide metabolites. Thus, ω-azidosphinganine represents a useful biofunctional tool for metabolic investigations both by in vivo fluorescence imaging of the sphingolipid subcellular localization in the ER and by in vitro high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. This should reveal novel insights of the molecular mechanisms sphingolipids and their processing enzymes have e.g. in infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Fink
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Hubland C1, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany. and Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Philipp Stenzel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Hubland C1, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany. and Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Hubland C1, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Claus RA, Graeler MH. Sphingolipidomics in Translational Sepsis Research-Biomedical Considerations and Perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:616578. [PMID: 33553212 PMCID: PMC7854573 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.616578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific Background: Sphingolipids are a highly diverse group of lipids with respect to physicochemical properties controlling either structure, distribution, or function, all of them regulating cellular response in health and disease. Mass spectrometry, on the other hand, is an analytical technique characterizing ionized molecules or fragments thereof by mass-to-charge ratios, which has been prosperingly developed for rapid and reliable qualitative and quantitative identification of lipid species. Parallel to best performance of in-depth chromatographical separation of lipid classes, preconditions of precise quantitation of unique molecular species by preprocessing of biological samples have to be fulfilled. As a consequence, “lipid profiles” across model systems and human individuals, esp. complex (clinical) samples, have become eminent over the last couple of years due to sensitivity, specificity, and discriminatory capability. Therefore, it is significance to consider the entire experimental strategy from sample collection and preparation, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. Areas Covered: In this review, we outline considerations with clinical (i.e., human) samples with special emphasis on sample handling, specific physicochemical properties, target measurements, and resulting profiling of sphingolipids in biomedicine and translational research to maximize sensitivity and specificity as well as to provide robust and reproducible results. A brief commentary is also provided regarding new insights of “clinical sphingolipidomics” in translational sepsis research. Expert Opinion: The role of mass spectrometry of sphingolipids and related species (“sphingolipidomics”) to investigate cellular and compartment-specific response to stress, e.g., in generalized infection and sepsis, is on the rise and the ability to integrate multiple datasets from diverse classes of biomolecules by mass spectrometry measurements and metabolomics will be crucial to fostering our understanding of human health as well as response to disease and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf A Claus
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Sepsis Research, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Graeler
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Sepsis Research, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Care & Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Skácel J, Slusher BS, Tsukamoto T. Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Biosynthesis of Ceramide, the Central Hub of the Sphingolipid Network. J Med Chem 2021; 64:279-297. [PMID: 33395289 PMCID: PMC8023021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are composed of a sphingosine and a single fatty acid connected by an amide linkage. As one of the major classes of biologically active lipids, ceramides and their upstream and downstream metabolites have been implicated in several pathological conditions including cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, microbial pathogenesis, obesity, and inflammation. Consequently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to deciphering the dynamics of metabolic pathways involved in ceramide biosynthesis. Given that several distinct enzymes can produce ceramide, different enzyme targets have been pursued depending on the underlying disease mechanism. The main objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of small molecule inhibitors reported to date for each of these ceramide-producing enzymes from a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Skácel
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Associations among circulating sphingolipids, β-cell function, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study in China. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003451. [PMID: 33296380 PMCID: PMC7725305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal studies suggest vital roles of sphingolipids, especially ceramides, in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) via pathways involved in insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and inflammation, but human studies are limited. We aimed to evaluate the associations of circulating sphingolipids with incident T2D and to explore underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND FINDINGS The current study included 826 men and 1,148 women who were aged 50-70 years, from Beijing and Shanghai, and without T2D in 2005 and who were resurveyed in 2011. Cardiometabolic traits were measured at baseline and follow-up surveys. A total of 76 sphingolipids were quantified using high-coverage targeted lipidomics. Summary data for 2-sample Mendelian randomization were obtained from genome-wide association studies of circulating sphingolipids and the China Health and Nutrition Survey (n = 5,731). During the 6-year period, 529 participants developed T2D. Eleven novel and 3 reported sphingolipids, namely ceramides (d18:1/18:1, d18:1/20:0, d18:1/20:1, d18:1/22:1), saturated sphingomyelins (C34:0, C36:0, C38:0, C40:0), unsaturated sphingomyelins (C34:1, C36:1, C42:3), hydroxyl-sphingomyelins (C34:1, C38:3), and a hexosylceramide (d18:1/20:1), were positively associated with incident T2D (relative risks [RRs]: 1.14-1.21; all P < 0.001), after multivariate adjustment including lifestyle characteristics and BMI. Network analysis further identified 5 modules, and 2 modules containing saturated sphingomyelins showed the strongest associations with increased T2D risk (RRQ4 versus Q1 = 1.59 and 1.43; both Ptrend < 0.001). Mediation analysis suggested that the detrimental associations of 13 sphingolipids with T2D were largely mediated through β-cell dysfunction, as indicated by HOMA-B (mediation proportion: 11.19%-42.42%; all P < 0.001). Moreover, Mendelian randomization evidenced a positive association between a genetically instrumented ceramide (d18:1/20:1) and T2D (odds ratio: 1.15 [95% CI 1.05-1.26]; P = 0.002). Main limitations in the current study included potential undiagnosed cases and lack of an independent population for replication. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed that a panel of novel sphingolipids with unique structures were positively associated with incident T2D, largely mediated through β-cell dysfunction, in Chinese individuals.
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Seah JYH, Chew WS, Torta F, Khoo CM, Wenk MR, Herr DR, Choi H, Tai ES, van Dam RM. Plasma sphingolipids and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale lipidomic analysis. Metabolomics 2020; 16:89. [PMID: 32816082 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingolipids are a diverse class of lipids with various roles in cell functions and subclasses such as ceramides have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in previous studies. OBJECTIVES We aimed to measure molecularly-distinct sphingolipids via a large-scale lipidomic analysis and expand the literature to an Asian population. METHODS We performed a lipidomics evaluation of 79 molecularly distinct sphingolipids in the plasma of 2627 ethnically-Chinese Singaporeans. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 12.9 years, we documented 152 cases of major CVD (non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death). Total ceramide concentrations were not associated with CVD risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.99; 95% CI 0.81-1.21], but higher circulating total monohexosylceramides (HR, 1.22; 95% CI 1.03, 1.45), total long-chain sphingolipids (C16-C18) (HR, 1.22; 95% CI 1.02, 1.45) and total 18:1 sphingolipids (HR, 1.21; 95% CI 1.01, 1.46) were associated with higher CVD risk after adjusting for conventional CVD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the hypothesis that higher ceramide concentrations are linked to higher CVD risk, but suggest that other classes of sphingolipids may affect CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowy Yi Hoong Seah
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, NUS, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
| | - Wee Siong Chew
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, NUS, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, NUS, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, NUS, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, NUS, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Chew WS, Torta F, Ji S, Choi H, Begum H, Sim X, Khoo CM, Khoo EYH, Ong WY, Van Dam RM, Wenk MR, Tai ES, Herr DR. Large-scale lipidomics identifies associations between plasma sphingolipids and T2DM incidence. JCI Insight 2019; 5:126925. [PMID: 31162145 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids (SPs) are ubiquitous, structurally diverse molecules that include ceramides, sphingomyelins, and sphingosines. They are involved in various pathologies including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is likely that perturbations in plasma concentrations of SPs are associated with disease. Identifying these associations may reveal useful biomarkers or provide insight into disease processes. METHODS We performed a lipidomics evaluation of molecularly-distinct SPs in the plasma of 2,302 ethnically-Chinese Singaporeans using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. SP profiles were compared to clinical and biochemical characteristics, and subjects were evaluated by follow-up visits for 11 years. RESULTS We found that ceramides correlate positively but hexosylceramides correlate negatively with body mass index (BMI) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Furthermore, SPs with a d16:1 sphingoid backbone correlate more positively with BMI and HOMA-IR, while d18:2 SPs correlate less positively, relative to canonical d18:1 SPs. We also found that higher concentrations of two distinct sphingomyelins were associated with a higher risk of T2DM (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.18-1.78 for SM d16:1/C18:0; and HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.17-1.68 for SM d18:1/C18:0). CONCLUSION We identified significant associations between SPs and obesity/T2DM characteristics, specifically, that of hexosylceramides, d16:1 SPs, and d18:2 SPs. This suggests that the balance of SP metabolism, rather than ceramide accumulation, is associated with the pathology of obesity. We further identified two specific SPs that may represent prognostic biomarkers for T2DM. FUNDING Funding sources are listed in the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National Health System, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Husna Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National Health System, Singapore
| | - Eric Yin Hao Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National Health System, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M Van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National Health System, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National Health System, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology and.,Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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