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Cao SQ, Xue ST, Li WJ, Hu GS, Wu ZG, Zheng JC, Zhang SL, Lin X, Chen C, Liu W, Zheng B. CircHIPK3 regulates fatty acid metabolism through miR-637/FASN axis to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:110. [PMID: 38431720 PMCID: PMC10908791 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of circRNA in cancers including esophageal cancer (EC) has been well studied. However, whether and how circRNAs are involved in cancer cell metabolic processes remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that circRNA, circHIPK3, is highly expressed in ESCC cell lines and tissues. Knockdown of circHIPK3 significantly restrained cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 was found to act as a ceRNA by sponging miR-637 to regulate FASN expression and fatty acid metabolism in ESCC cells. Anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting circHIPK3 substantially inhibited ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, these results uncover a modulatory axis constituting of circHIPK3/miR-637/FASN may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Song-Tao Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jian-Cong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Shu-Liang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
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Hu B, Yang H, Wang Y, Cao Y, Zhou R, Yang D. Downregulated circRNA_CDKN1A promotes gallbladder cancer progression through activation of the NF-κB pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3952. [PMID: 38343018 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
This study uncovered the potential clinical value and molecular driving mechanisms of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in gallbladder cancer (GBC). Differentially expressed circRNAs in GBC cells were screened by high-throughput sequencing. CircRNA_CDKN1A (circBase ID: hsa_circ_0076194) was knocked out in BGC-SD cells through transfection with sh-circRNA_CDKN1A. Then, proliferation was investigated via CCK8 and EdU assays, apoptosis via flow cytometry, migration via wound healing assays, and invasion via Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analysis of circRNA_CDKN1A-related signaling pathways was performed using MetScape and g:Profiler. Results showed that the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBC cells and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, knocking out circRNA_CDKN1A promoted GBC cell proliferation and enhanced the dry indices of the OCT4 protein and CD34 expression levels. The knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A activated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the biological role of circRNA_CDKN1A in GBC cells involved the NF-κB pathway. LY2409881, which is an NF-κB inhibitor, reversed the effects induced by the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A in GBC-SD cells. In summary, the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A promoted the progression of GBC by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. For the first time, this study revealed the mechanism of circRNA_CDKN1A-mediated regulatory action in GBC and identified the newly discovered circRNA_CDKN1A-NF-κB signaling axis as a potentially important candidate for clinical therapy and prognostic diagnosis of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Ghosh I, Dey Ghosh R, Mukhopadhyay S. Identification of genes associated with gall bladder cell carcinogenesis: Implications in targeted therapy of gall bladder cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:2053-2063. [PMID: 38173427 PMCID: PMC10758643 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i12.2053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is becoming a very devastating form of hepatobiliary cancer in India. Every year new cases of GBC are quite high in India. Despite recent advanced multimodality treatment options, the survival of GBC patients is very low. If the disease is diagnosed at the advanced stage (with local nodal metastasis or distant metastasis) or surgical resection is inoperable, the prognosis of those patients is very poor. So, perspectives of targeted therapy are being taken. Targeted therapy includes hormone therapy, proteasome inhibitors, signal transduction and apoptosis inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic agents. One such signal transduction inhibitor is the specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA). For developing siRNA-mediated therapy shRNA, although several preclinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of these key molecules have been performed using gall bladder cells, many more clinical trials are required. To date, many such genes have been identified. This review will discuss the recently identified genes associated with GBC and those that have implications in its treatment by siRNA or shRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Ruma Dey Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Soma Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 700094, India
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Zhu Y, Shen L, Xia Q, Tao H, Liu Z, Wang M, Zhang X, Zhang J, Lv J. Extracellular vesicle-derived circHIPK3: Novel diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:426-432. [PMID: 37866205 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer (LC) is a common malignancy worldwide. A great number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified that serve crucial roles in cancer development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their contents have been shown to be biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of LC. Thus, we intended to clarify the functional role of EVs-derived circRNA homology domain interacting protein kinase 3 (EVs-circHIPK3) and its underlying mechanism of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was performed to validate the potential of partially circulating HIPK3 in LC diagnosis. EVs were isolated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation from plasma of 52 LC patients and 30 healthy controls. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to evaluate the expressions of candidate circRNAs (circHIPK3) and microRNA-637 (miR-637, a target of circHIPK3). RESULTS CircHIPK3 is significantly up-regulated in LC, while miR-637 expression is significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, based on the expression of EVs-circHIPK3, allowed us to distinguish LC from healthy controls (area under the curve, AUC 0.897). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study shows that EV-derived circHIPK3 can serve as a promising biomarker for LC patient diagnosis. However, the downstream mRNA of the circHIPK3/miR-637 axis requires further exploration to enrich our understanding of circHIPK3's mechanism in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuyan Xia
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heyun Tao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhanguo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengdie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Gu A, Jaijyan DK, Yang S, Zeng M, Pei S, Zhu H. Functions of Circular RNA in Human Diseases and Illnesses. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:38. [PMID: 37489458 PMCID: PMC10366867 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent single-stranded RNA species that contain covalently closed 3' and 5' ends that provide them more stability than linear RNA, which has free ends. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs perform essential functions in many DNA viruses, including coronaviruses, Epstein-Barr viruses, cytomegalovirus, and Kaposi sarcoma viruses. Recent studies have confirmed that circRNAs are present in viruses, including DNA and RNA viruses, and play various important functions such as evading host immune response, disease pathogenesis, protein translation, miRNA sponges, regulating cell proliferation, and virus replication. Studies have confirmed that circRNAs can be biological signatures or pathological markers for autoimmune diseases, neurological diseases, and cancers. However, our understanding of circRNAs in DNA and RNA viruses is still limited, and functional evaluation of viral and host circRNAs is essential to completely understand their biological functions. In the present review, we describe the metabolism and cellular roles of circRNA, including its roles in various diseases and viral and cellular circRNA functions. Circular RNAs are found to interact with RNA, proteins, and DNA, and thus can modulate cellular processes, including translation, transcription, splicing, and other functions. Circular RNAs interfere with various signaling pathways and take part in vital functions in various biological, physiological, cellular, and pathophysiological processes. We also summarize recent evidence demonstrating cellular and viral circRNA's roles in DNA and RNA viruses in this growing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Gu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 070101, USA
| | - Dabbu Kumar Jaijyan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 070101, USA
| | - Shaomin Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Mulan Zeng
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 070101, USA
| | - Shaokai Pei
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 070101, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 070101, USA
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Dawoud A, Ihab Zakaria Z, Hisham Rashwan H, Braoudaki M, Youness RA. Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:60-74. [PMID: 36380816 PMCID: PMC9637558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis have refuted the "junk" RNA hypothesis that was claimed against non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Circular RNAs (circRNAs); a class of single-stranded covalently closed loop RNA molecules have recently emerged as stable epigenetic regulators. Although the exact regulatory role of circRNAs is still to be clarified, it has been proven that circRNAs could exert their functions by interacting with other ncRNAs or proteins in their own physiologically authentic environment, regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways and other classes of ncRNAs. CircRNAs have also been reported to exhibit a tissue-specific expression and have been associated with the malignant transformation process of several hematological and solid malignancies. Along this line of reasoning, this review aims to highlight the importance of circRNAs in Breast Cancer (BC), which is ranked as the most prevalent malignancy among females. Notwithstanding the substantial efforts to develop a suitable anticancer therapeutic regimen against the heterogenous BC, inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity have resulted in an arduous challenge for drug development research, which in turn necessitates the investigation of other markers to be therapeutically targeted. Herein, the potential of circRNAs as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been highlighted together with their possible application as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Dawoud
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeina Ihab Zakaria
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hannah Hisham Rashwan
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maria Braoudaki
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11586, Cairo, Egypt
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BMSC-Derived Exosomal CircHIPK3 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells via Mitophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032785. [PMID: 36769123 PMCID: PMC9917928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosome-based therapy is emerging as a promising strategy to promote bone regeneration due to exosomal bioactive cargos, among which circular RNA (circRNA) has recently been recognized as the key effector. The role of exosomal circRNA derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has not been well-defined. The present study aimed to clarify the regulatory function and molecular mechanism of BMSC-derived exosomal circRNA in osteogenesis. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) were isolated and identified. BMSC-Exos' pro-osteogenic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells was validated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Alizarin Red staining. Through bioinformatic analysis and molecular experiments, circHIPK3 was selected and verified as the key circRNA of BMSC-Exos to promote osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 acted as an miR-29a-5p sponge and functioned in mitophagy via targeting miR-29a-5p and PINK1. Additionally, we showed that the mitophagy level of MC3T3-E1 cells were mediated by BMSC-Exos, which promoted the osteogenic differentiation. Collectively, our results revealed an important role for BMSC-derived exosomal circHIPK3 in osteogenesis. These findings provide a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for bone regeneration.
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Limkul S, Phiwthong T, Massu A, Boonanuntanasarn S, Teaumroong N, Somboonwiwat K, Boonchuen P. Transcriptome-based insights into the regulatory role of immune-responsive circular RNAs in Litopanaeus vannamei upon WSSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108499. [PMID: 36549581 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) originating from a post-transcriptional modification process called back-splicing. Despite circRNAs being traditionally considered by-products rather than independently functional, circRNAs play many vital roles, such as in host immunity during viral infection. However, in shrimp, these remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to identify circRNAs in Litopenaeus vannamei in the context of WSSV infection, one of the most eradicative pathogens threatening shrimp populations worldwide. We identified 290 differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) in L. vannamei upon WSSV infection. Eight DECs were expressed from their parental genes, including alpha-1-inhibitor-3, calpain-B, integrin-V, hemicentin-2, hemocytin, mucin-17, proPO2, and rab11-FIP4. These were examined quantitatively by qRT-PCR, which revealed the relevant expression profiles to those obtained from circRNA-Seq. Furthermore, the structural and chemical validation of the DECs conformed to the characteristics of circRNAs. One of the functional properties of circRNAs as a miRNA sponge was examined via the interaction network between DECs and WSSV-responsive miRNAs, which highlighted the targets of miRNA sponges. Our discovery could provide insight into the participation of these ncRNAs in shrimp antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirawich Limkul
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Tannatorn Phiwthong
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Amarin Massu
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Neung Teaumroong
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Boonchuen
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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Lv Y, Yin W, Zhang Z. Non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers of gallbladder cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 25:1489-1511. [PMID: 36576705 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) performs strongly invasive and poor prognosis, and adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type in it. Statistically, the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced GBC is less than 5%. Such dismal outcome might be caused by chemotherapy resistance and native biology of tumor cells, regardless of emerging therapeutic strategies. Early diagnosis, depending on biomarkers, receptors and secretive proteins, is more important than clinical therapy, guiding the pathologic stage of cancer and the choice of medication. Therefore, it is in urgent need to understand the specific pathogenesis of GBC and strive to find promising novel biomarkers for early screening in GBC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are confirmed to participate in and regulate the occurrence and development of GBC. Exceptionally, lncRNAs and circRNAs could act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) containing binding sites for miRNAs and crosstalk with miRNAs to target regulatory downstream protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thus affecting the expression levels of specific proteins to participate in and regulate the development and progression of GBC. It follows that ncRNAs may become promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for GBC. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent research progress of miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating the development and progression of GBC, chemoresistance, and predicting the prognosis of patients, and highlight the potential applications of the lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA cross-regulatory networks in early diagnosis, chemoresistance, and prognostic evaluation, aiming to better understand the pathogenesis of GBC and develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lv
- The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No.8 Daxue Road, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Wanyue Yin
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No.8 Daxue Road, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Zhikai Zhang
- The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory On Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Liu Y, Chen Q, Bao J, Pu Y, Han J, Zhao H, Ma Y, Zhao Q. Genome-Wide Analysis of Circular RNAs Reveals circCHRNG Regulates Sheep Myoblast Proliferation via miR-133/SRF and MEF2A Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416065. [PMID: 36555706 PMCID: PMC9781509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As relatively new members of the non-coding RNA family, circRNAs play important roles in a variety of biological processes. However, the temporal expression pattern and the function of circRNAs during sheep skeletal muscle development remains unclear. This study aimed to identify circRNAs related to sheep skeletal muscle development and explore their roles in myoblast proliferation. The circRNA expression profiles of longissimus dorsi of sheep from F90, L30, and A3Y were obtained by the RNA-seq method. The function and mechanisms of the novel circCHRNG in muscle satellite cell proliferation were explored using CCK-8 assay, Western blot, qPCR, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. We identified 12,375 circRNAs, including 476, 133, and 233 DEcircRNAs found among three comparative groups. KEGG results showed that DEcircRNAs were enriched in muscle contraction, the regulation of cell proliferation, and the AMPK, insulin, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Notably, a novel circRNA, termed circRNA CHRNG, acts as a miR-133 sponge to promote skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation. Our study provides a systematic description of circRNAs of ovine skeletal muscle across fetal, lamb, and adult stages. GO and KEGG analyses showed that DEcircRNAs were enriched in multiple pathways associated with muscle development, such as the PI3K-Akt and AMPK signaling pathways. In addition, we propose that circCHRNG acts as a miR-133 sponge to upregulate the expression levels of SRF and MEF2A, thereby promoting myoblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Bao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yabin Pu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Huijing Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuehui Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianjun Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
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11
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Braga EA, Fridman MV, Burdennyy AM, Filippova EA, Loginov VI, Pronina IV, Dmitriev AA, Kushlinskii NE. Regulation of the Key Epithelial Cancer Suppressor miR-124 Function by Competing Endogenous RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13620. [PMID: 36362406 PMCID: PMC9655303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A decrease in the miR-124 expression was observed in various epithelial cancers. Like a classical suppressor, miR-124 can inhibit the translation of multiple oncogenic proteins. Epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in the regulation of miR-124 expression and involve hypermethylation of the MIR-124-1/-2/-3 genes and the effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) according to the model of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). More than 40 interactomes (lncRNA/miR-124/mRNA) based on competition between lncRNAs and mRNAs for miR-124 binding have been identified in various epithelial cancers. LncRNAs MALAT1, NEAT1, HOXA11-AS, and XIST are the most represented in these axes. Fourteen axes (e.g., SND1-IT1/miR-124/COL4A1) are involved in EMT and/or metastasis. Moreover, eight axes (e.g., OIP5-AS1/miR-124-5p/IDH2) are involved in key pathways, such as Wnt/b-catenin, E2F1, TGF-β, SMAD, ERK/MAPK, HIF-1α, Notch, PI3K/Akt signaling, and cancer cell stemness. Additionally, 15 axes impaired patient survival and three axes reduced chemo- or radiosensitivity. To date, 14 cases of miR-124 regulation by circRNAs have been identified. Half of them involve circHIPK3, which belongs to the exonic ecircRNAs and stimulates cell proliferation, EMT, autophagy, angiogenesis, and multidrug resistance. Thus, miR-124 and its interacting partners may be considered promising targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora A. Braga
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena A. Filippova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Pronina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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12
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The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Circular RNA HIPK3 in Human Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102469. [PMID: 36292157 PMCID: PMC9601126 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs with closed-loop of single-stranded RNA structure. Although most of the circRNAs do not directly encode proteins, emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs play a pivotal and complex role in multiple biological processes by regulating gene expression. As one of the most popular circRNAs, circular homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) has frequently gained the interest of researchers in recent years. Accumulating studies have demonstrated the significant impacts on the occurrence and development of multiple human diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, and others. The present review aims to provide a detailed description of the functions of circHIPK3 and comprehensively overview the diagnostic and therapeutic value of circHIPK3 in these certain diseases.
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13
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Gumberger P, Bjornsson B, Sandström P, Bojmar L, Zambirinis CP. The Liver Pre-Metastatic Niche in Pancreatic Cancer: A Potential Opportunity for Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3028. [PMID: 35740692 PMCID: PMC9221452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14123028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related mortality is primarily a consequence of metastatic dissemination and associated complications. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies and tends to metastasize early, especially in the liver. Emerging evidence suggests that organs that develop metastases exhibit microscopic changes that favor metastatic growth, collectively known as "pre-metastatic niches". By definition, a pre-metastatic niche is chronologically established before overt metastatic outgrowth, and its generation involves the release of tumor-derived secreted factors that modulate cells intrinsic to the recipient organ, as well as recruitment of additional cells from tertiary sites, such as bone marrow-all orchestrated by the primary tumor. The pre-metastatic niche is characterized by tumor-promoting inflammation with tumor-supportive and immune-suppressive features, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, angiogenic modulation and metabolic alterations that support growth of disseminated tumor cells. In this paper, we review the current state of knowledge of the hepatic pre-metastatic niche in PDAC and attempt to create a framework to guide future diagnostic and therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gumberger
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Bergthor Bjornsson
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.G.); (B.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Linda Bojmar
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
- Children’s Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
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14
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Tumor Cells-derived exosomal CircRNAs: Novel cancer drivers, molecular mechanisms, and clinical opportunities. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Context-Dependent Regulation of Gene Expression by Non-Canonical Small RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8030029. [PMID: 35645336 PMCID: PMC9149963 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent functional genomics studies, a large number of non-coding RNAs have been identified. It has become increasingly apparent that noncoding RNAs are crucial players in a wide range of cellular and physiological functions. They have been shown to modulate gene expression on different levels, including transcription, post-transcriptional processing, and translation. This review aims to highlight the diverse mechanisms of the regulation of gene expression by small noncoding RNAs in different conditions and different types of human cells. For this purpose, various cellular functions of microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), snoRNA-derived small RNAs (sdRNAs) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) will be exemplified, with particular emphasis on the diversity of their occurrence and on the effects on gene expression in different stress conditions and diseased cell types. The synthesis and effect on gene expression of these noncoding RNAs varies in different cell types and may depend on environmental conditions such as different stresses. Moreover, noncoding RNAs play important roles in many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections.
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16
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Ye D, Gong M, Deng Y, Fang S, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Shen Z. Roles and clinical application of exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. J Transl Med 2022; 20:161. [PMID: 35382838 PMCID: PMC8981684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are microvesicles secreted by cells. They contain a variety of bioactive substances with important roles in intercellular communication. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of nucleic acid molecule found in exosomes, forms a covalently bonded closed loop without 5′ caps or 3′ poly(A) tails. It is structurally stable, widely distributed, and tissue specific. CircRNAs mainly act as microRNA sponges and have important regulatory roles in gene expression; they are superior to other non-coding RNAs as molecular diagnostic markers and drug treatment targets. Exosomal-derived circRNAs in the body fluids of tumor patients can modulate tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. They can be used as effective biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of tumors, and also represent ideal targets for early precision therapeutic intervention. This review provides a theoretical basis for exploring the applications of exosomal circRNAs in malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment. We describe the biological functions of exosomal circRNAs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, their potential utility in diagnosis and treatment, and possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Farooqi A, Zahid R, Naureen H, Attar R, Gazouli M, Berardi R, Szelachowska J, Matkowski R, Pawlak E. Regulation of ROCK1/2 by long non‑coding RNAs and circular RNAs in different cancer types (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:159. [PMID: 35399329 PMCID: PMC8987920 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in high-throughput technologies have enabled the development of a better understanding of the functionalities of rho-associated protein kinases (ROCKs) under various physiological and pathological conditions. Since their discovery in the late 1990s, ROCKs have attracted the attention of interdisciplinary researchers due to their ability to pleiotropically modulate a myriad of cellular mechanisms. A rapidly growing number of published studies have started to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of ROCK1 and ROCK2 via long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in different types of cancer. Detailed analyses have suggested that lncRNAs may be characteristically divided into oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs. Several exciting recent discoveries have also indicated how different lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate ROCK1/2 and mediate multistep cancer onset and progression. The present review chronicles the major advances that have been made in our understanding of the regulatory role of ROCK1/2 in different types of cancer, and how wide-ranging lncRNAs and circRNAs potentiate ROCK-driven signaling by blocking the targeting activities of tumor suppressor microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rabbia Zahid
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore 43000, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Naureen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeditepe University 34280, Turkey
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 54634, Greece
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Oncology Clinic‑Marche Polytechnic University, Azienda Ospedaliero‑Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I‑GM Lancisi‑G Salesi di Ancona, I‑60126 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53‑413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Pawlak
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-013 Wroclaw, Poland
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18
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Wu S, Chen L, Zhou X. Circular RNAs in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:484-490. [PMID: 35036059 PMCID: PMC8728521 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a physiological adaptation to pressure stress that augments or preserves cardiac function. Prolonged hypertrophy can, however, eventually lead to heart failure. Although some effector molecules and signaling pathways have been associated with myocardial hypertrophy, progress has been limited, and further studies are needed to thoroughly explore the underlying mechanisms and to discover novel and effective therapeutic targets. Recently, non-coding RNAs, which are well-known physiological regulators, have attracted much attention in the field of cardiovascular research. Circular RNA, in particular, has emerged as a key player in cardiac hypertrophy, and increasing numbers of papers are now being devoted to this topic. In this review, we will give a brief introduction to circular RNA and then focus on its role as a potential therapeutic target in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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19
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Comprehensive Analysis of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 138:105346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in adolescents. Its high propensity to metastasize is the leading cause for treatment failure and poor prognosis. Although the research of osteosarcoma has greatly expanded in the past decades, the knowledge and new therapy strategies targeting metastatic progression remain sparse. The prognosis of patients with metastasis is still unsatisfactory. There is resonating urgency for a thorough and deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma to develop innovative therapies targeting metastasis. Toward the goal of elaborating the characteristics and biological behavior of metastatic osteosarcoma, it is essential to combine the diverse investigations that are performed at molecular, cellular, and animal levels from basic research to clinical translation spanning chemical, physical sciences, and biology. This review focuses on the metastatic process, regulatory networks involving key molecules and signaling pathways, the role of microenvironment, osteoclast, angiogenesis, metabolism, immunity, and noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma metastasis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current research advances, with the hope to discovery druggable targets and promising therapy strategies for osteosarcoma metastasis and thus to overcome this clinical impasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Rana V, Parama D, Khatoon E, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Reiterating the Emergence of Noncoding RNAs as Regulators of the Critical Hallmarks of Gall Bladder Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121847. [PMID: 34944491 PMCID: PMC8699045 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a rare and one of the most aggressive types of malignancies, often associated with a poor prognosis and survival. It is a highly metastatic cancer and is often not diagnosed at the initial stages, which contributes to a poor survival rate of patients. The poor diagnosis and chemoresistance associated with the disease limit the scope of the currently available surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities. Thus, there is a need to explore novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers that will help relieve the severity of the disease and lead to advanced therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence has correlated the atypical expression of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNAs (circRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) with the increased cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, metastasis, chemoresistance, and decreased apoptosis in GBC. Numerous reports have indicated that the dysregulated expression of ncRNAs is associated with poor prognosis and lower disease-free and overall survival in GBC patients. These reports suggest that ncRNAs might be considered novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for the management of GBC. The present review recapitulates the association of various ncRNAs in the initiation and progression of GBC and the development of novel therapeutic strategies by exploring their functional and regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.)
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22
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[Research Progress in CircRNA and Radiotherapy Resistance of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:770-776. [PMID: 34802208 PMCID: PMC8607291 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.101.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
As the main type of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cancer which is characterized by low 5-year survival rate and worse prognosis. Nowadays, some studies show that the low survival rate and worse prognosis are due to the resistance to radiotherapy caused by circRNA. Therefore, to find out the relationship between circRNA and radiotherapy resistance of NSCLC was imoprtant. According to research the relevant literatures, the relationship between circRNA and radiotherapy resistance of NSCLC was explored. CircRNA plays an important role in the invasion, metastasis, proliferation and treatment resistance of NSCLC. The radiation resistance of tumor cells induced by circRNA has become a crucial problem in radiotherapy. CircRNA plays an important role in the radiotherapy resistance of NSCLC.
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Chen H, Wu C, Luo L, Wang Y, Peng F. circ_0000467 promotes the proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer cells through regulating KLF12 expression by sponging miR-4766-5p. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1415-1427. [PMID: 34616917 PMCID: PMC8464181 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs have been identified as crucial players in the initiation and progression of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The Has_circ_0000467 (circ_0000467) expression has been found to be upregulated in CRC, but its function and mechanism remain unclear. Methods The expression levels of circ_0000467, microRNA-4766-5p (miR-4766-5p), and Krueppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay. The apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Transwell migration and invasion assays were applied to evaluate cell metastatic ability. Angiogenesis was detected using tube formation assay. All protein expressions were quantified by western blot assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze intergenic binding. Xenograft models were constructed for the experiment of circ_0000467 in vivo. Results The expression of circ_0000467 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_0000467 repressed cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, but it induced apoptosis in CRC cells. circ_0000467 targeted miR-4766-5p and inhibited the expression of miR-4766-5p. Silencing of circ_0000467 inhibited CRC progression by upregulating miR-4766-5p. miR-4766-5p suppressed the expression of target gene KLF12 and KLF12 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-4766-5p on CRC cell behaviors. circ_0000467 positively regulated the expression of KLF12 by targeting miR-4766-5p. circ_0000467 downregulation in vivo reduced CRC tumorigenesis by regulating miR-4766-5p and KLF12. Conclusion circ_0000467 acted as an oncogene in CRC through regulating KLF12 expression by sponging miR-4766-5p. Therefore, circ_0000467 can be used as an effective target in CRC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, 621000, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, 621000, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, 621000, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, 621000, Mianyang, China
| | - Fangxing Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, No. 56, Yuejin Street, Fucheng District, 621000, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
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24
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Liu Z, Li M. Circular RNAs and their role in renal cell carcinoma: a current perspective. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:469. [PMID: 34488780 PMCID: PMC8422676 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02181-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of long non-coding RNAs, that results from a special type of alternative splicing referred to as back-splicing. They are widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and demonstrate tissue-specific expression patterns in humans. CircRNAs actively participate in various important biological activities like gene transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, translation, sponging miRNA and proteins, etc. With such diverse biological functions, circRNAs not only play a crucial role in normal human physiology, as well as in multiple diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized our current understanding of circRNAs and their role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common cancer of kidneys. Studies have shown that the expression level of several circRNAs are considerably varied in RCC samples and RCC cell lines suggesting the potential role of these circRNAs in RCC progression. Several circRNAs promote RCC development and progression mostly via the miRNA/target gene axis making them ideal candidates for novel anti-cancer therapy. Apart from these, there are a few circRNAs that are significantly downregulated in RCC and overexpression of these circRNAs leads to suppression of RCC growth. Differential expression patterns and novel functions of circRNAs in RCC suggest that circRNAs can be utilized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for RCC therapy. However, our current understanding of the role of circRNA in RCC is still in its infancy and much comprehensive research is needed to achieve clinical translation of circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in developing effective treatment options for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Circβ-catenin promotes tumor growth and Warburg effect of gallbladder cancer by regulating STMN1 expression. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:233. [PMID: 34489401 PMCID: PMC8421404 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most malignant cancer of the biliary tract cancer and presents poor prognosis. CircRNAs have been identified as critical regulators of multiple stages in tumor progression. In the study, we first demonstrated that circular RNA circβ-catenin expression was upregulated in GBC tissues when compared to adjacent normal tissues and associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis in GBC patients. Silencing of circβ-catenin obviously suppressed GBC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in vitro, but circβ-catenin overexpression had the opposite effects. In vivo, silencing of circβ-catenin inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, we also found that circβ-catenin promoted GBC cell lactate production, pyruvate production, ATP quantity, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), which suggested that circβ-catenin regulated Warburg effect in GBC. Mechanistic analysis further highlighted that circβ-catenin promoted Stathmin 1 (STMN1) expression through sponging miR-223 in GBC progression. In addition, knockdown of STMN1 inhibited cell growth and Warburg effect in GBC. In summary, our findings indicated that circβ-catenin/miR-223/STMN1 axis could regulate cell growth and Warburg effect in GBC. Targeting circβ-catenin might be a potential therapeutic strategy for GBC.
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Han C, Wang S, Wang H, Zhang J. Exosomal circ-HIPK3 Facilitates Tumor Progression and Temozolomide Resistance by Regulating miR-421/ZIC5 Axis in Glioma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 36:537-548. [PMID: 32644821 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Luo N, Liu S, Li X, Hu Y, Zhang K. Circular RNA circHIPK3 promotes breast cancer progression via sponging MiR-326. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:1320-1333. [PMID: 34152928 PMCID: PMC8331001 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1939476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the potential molecular mechanism of circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) in breast cancer (BCa). Methods: BCa cells were transfected with miR-326 mimic, miR-326 inhibitor, circHIPK3, sicircHIPK3. The expressions of circHIPK3 and miR-326 in BCa tissues and BCa cell lines were determined by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of the cells were detected by CCK-8 and colony formation, wound-healing, transwell and flow cytometric assays, respectively. The relationship between circHIPK3 and miR-326 was analyzed and confirmed by circInteractome, dual-luciferase reporter, RT-qPCR, Pearson's correlation assays. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to determine the expressions of apoptosis-related molecules (Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3) and EMT-related molecules (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin) in the BCa cells and tumor tissues. The tumor growth in mice was examined in a xenograft tumor model in which Ki-67 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: In BCa, the expression of circHIPK3 was up-regulated and that of miR-326 was down-regulated. CircHIPK3 knockdown inhibited the cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. MiR-326 was the direct target of circHIPK3, and was inversely correlated with circHIPK3 expression. CircHIPK3 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis resistance, and tumor growth and up-regulated Ki-67 expression, at the same time, the expressions of Bcl-2, N-cadherin, Vimentin were up-regulated, and those of Bax, cleaved Caspase-3 and E-cadherin were inhibited. These above expressions were partially reversed by miR-326 overexpression. Conclusion: CircHIPK3 sponges miR-326 to promote BCa growth and metastasis. The current findings provide a novel therapeutic target for treating BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Tumor Suppressive Effects of miR-124 and Its Function in Neuronal Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115919. [PMID: 34072894 PMCID: PMC8198231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) is strongly expressed in neurons, and its expression increases as neurons mature. Through DNA methylation in the miR-124 promoter region and adsorption of miR-124 by non-coding RNAs, miR-124 expression is known to be reduced in many cancer cells, especially with high malignancy. Recently, numerous studies have focused on miR-124 due to its promising tumor-suppressive effects; however, the overview of their results is unclear. We surveyed the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-124 in glial cell lineage cancers, which are the most frequently reported cancer types involving miR-124, and in lung, colon, liver, stomach, and breast cancers, which are the top five causes of cancer death. Reportedly, miR-124 not only inhibits proliferation and accelerates apoptosis, but also comprehensively suppresses tumor malignant transformation. Moreover, we found that miR-124 exerts its anti-tumor effects by regulating a wide range of target genes, most notably STAT3 and EZH2. In addition, when compared to the original role of miR-124 in neuronal development, we found that the miR-124 target genes that contribute to neuronal maturation share similarities with genes that cause cancer cell metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We believe that the two apparently unrelated fields, cancer and neuronal development, can bring new discoveries to each other through the study of miR-124.
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Wang P, Zhou C, Li D, Zhang D, Wei L, Deng Y. circMTO1 sponges microRNA-219a-5p to enhance gallbladder cancer progression via the TGF-β/Smad and EGFR pathways. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:563. [PMID: 34113391 PMCID: PMC8185704 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular mitochondrial translation optimization 1 homologue (circMTO1) has been reported to regulate the tumorigenesis of different types of cancer; however, the role of circMTO1 in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unknown. The present study aimed to identify the potential miRNAs and target genes of circMTO1 during GBC progression, and clarify the regulatory mechanism between circMTO1 and miRNAs or target genes. The present study performed MTT and Transwell assays, and Annexin V staining to assess cell viability, migration and apoptosis, respectively. In addition, a lymphatic vessel formation assay was performed to assess tube formation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs), and GBC-SD and NOZ cells. The results demonstrated that circMTO1 knockdown significantly attenuated the viability and migration of GBC cells and tube formation of HDLECs, and promoted apoptosis, indicating a tumor-promoting role of circMTO1. In addition, transfection with microRNA (miRNA/miR)-219a-5p inhibitor rescued short hairpin RNA-circMTO1-inhibited tumorigenesis of GBC cells, suggesting that miR-219a-5p acts as a downstream effector for circMTO1. Mechanistically, transfection with miR-219a-5p mimic suppressed the expression levels of Smad2/4 and epidermal growth factor receptor. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets revealed that circMTO1 expression was associated with overall survival and the stage of patients with GBC. Taken together, the results of the present study provide novel insight for the role of circMTO1-induced GBC tumorigenesis via regulation of miR-219a-5p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingfan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Chenggang Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Li
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Long Wei
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
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30
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Zhu D, Gu X, Lin Z, Yu D, Wang J. High expression of PSMC2 promotes gallbladder cancer through regulation of GNG4 and predicts poor prognosis. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:43. [PMID: 34016944 PMCID: PMC8138011 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a common malignant tumor of the biliary tract, which accounts for 80-95% of biliary tumors worldwide, and is the leading cause of biliary malignant tumor-related death. This study identified PSMC2 as a potential regulator in the development of GBC. We showed that PSMC2 expression in GBC tissues is significantly higher than that in normal tissues, while high PSMC2 expression was correlated with more advanced tumor grade and poorer prognosis. The knockdown of PSMC2 in GBC cells induced significant inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation and cell motility, while the promotion of cell apoptosis. The construction and observation of the mice xenograft model also confirmed the inhibitory effects of PSMC2 knockdown on GBC development. Moreover, our mechanistic study recognized GNG4 as a potential downstream target of PSMC2, knockdown of which could aggravate the tumor suppression induced by PSMC2 knockdown in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, for the first time, PSMC2 was revealed as a tumor promotor in the development of GBC, which could regulate cell phenotypes of GBC cells through the interaction with GNG4, and maybe a promising therapeutic target in GBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Gu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengyu Lin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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31
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Fu Y, Sun H. Biogenesis, cellular effects, and biomarker value of circHIPK3. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:256. [PMID: 33975598 PMCID: PMC8111742 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) can indirectly regulate gene expression by competitively binding to microRNA(miRNA) through miRNA response elements (MREs) to affect miRNA-induced gene regulation, which is of great biological significance. Among them, circular RNA (circRNA) has become a hotspot due to its highest binding capacity. A specific circRNA discussed in this review, circHIPK3, has been studied for its biological characteristics, function, cellular effects and its relationship with tumors and various diseases. Here, we review the recent researches about circHIPK3 in detail and aim to elucidate accurate conclusions from them. These circHIPK3-miRNAs-mRNA pathways will further advance the application of circHIPK3 in diseases development, early diagnosis and gene targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Fu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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32
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Shao Q, Huang Y, Zhang C, Gao X, Gao S. Emerging landscape of circHIPK3 and its role in cancer and other diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:409. [PMID: 33786629 PMCID: PMC8025471 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of recently re‑discovered RNAs, which are covalently closed ring RNA molecules. circRNAs have been reported to possess multiple functions and are considered crucial regulators of several processes, and are therefore gaining increasing attention. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that circRNAs are implicated in several crucial biological processes via regulation of gene expression, and their dysregulation is also associated with the development of numerous diseases, particularly acting as oncogenic or tumor‑suppressor molecules in cancer. Furthermore, circRNAs are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. In the present review, the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs are described, with a focus on the most recent research advances and the emerging roles of circular homeodomain‑interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) in human diseases. The present review may provide novel avenues for research on the roles of circHIPK3 as a clinical diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as highlighting promising therapeutic targets for certain diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Cai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochan Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Shiyang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
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33
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Zhou J, Wang B, Bin X, Xie C, Li B, Liu O, Tang Z. CircHIPK3: Key Player in Pathophysiology and Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:615417. [PMID: 33693013 PMCID: PMC7937734 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.615417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies in China and other countries have confirmed that circularHIPK3 (circHIPK3) plays an important role in the pathophysiological processes of various diseases. Through the action of sponge miRNA (miR), circHIPK3 regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, and plays a key role in disease processes. By referring to a large number of research reports, this article explores the specific functional role of circHIPK3 in fibrotic diseases, cancer, and other diseases. This review aims to clarify the role of circHIPK3 in disease processes in order to aid further studies into the specific pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of various diseases and provide new ideas for treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baisheng Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Bin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changqing Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ousheng Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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34
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Nisar S, Bhat AA, Singh M, Karedath T, Rizwan A, Hashem S, Bagga P, Reddy R, Jamal F, Uddin S, Chand G, Bedognetti D, El-Rifai W, Frenneaux MP, Macha MA, Ahmed I, Haris M. Insights Into the Role of CircRNAs: Biogenesis, Characterization, Functional, and Clinical Impact in Human Malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:617281. [PMID: 33614648 PMCID: PMC7894079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved novel class of non-coding endogenous RNAs (ncRNAs) found in the eukaryotic transcriptome, originally believed to be aberrant RNA splicing by-products with decreased functionality. However, recent advances in high-throughput genomic technology have allowed circRNAs to be characterized in detail and revealed their role in controlling various biological and molecular processes, the most essential being gene regulation. Because of the structural stability, high expression, availability of microRNA (miRNA) binding sites and tissue-specific expression, circRNAs have become hot topic of research in RNA biology. Compared to the linear RNA, circRNAs are produced differentially by backsplicing exons or lariat introns from a pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) forming a covalently closed loop structure missing 3′ poly-(A) tail or 5′ cap, rendering them immune to exonuclease-mediated degradation. Emerging research has identified multifaceted roles of circRNAs as miRNA and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponges and transcription, translation, and splicing event regulators. CircRNAs have been involved in many human illnesses, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, due to their aberrant expression in different pathological conditions. The functional versatility exhibited by circRNAs enables them to serve as potential diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for various diseases. This review discusses the properties, characterization, profiling, and the diverse molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and their use as potential therapeutic targets in different human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Arshi Rizwan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gyan Chand
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology (IUST), Pulwama, India
| | - Ikhlak Ahmed
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Li Y, Li Y, Li L. Circular RNA hsa_Circ_0005795 mediates cell proliferation of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma via sponging miR-1231. Arch Dermatol Res 2021; 313:773-782. [PMID: 33433717 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNA) play critical roles in cancer progression. Here, we examined the function of a novel circRNA, Circ_0005795, in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and explored the possible molecular mechanism. Nodular BCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues derived from 30 patients and 2 BCC cell lines were applied to analyze gene expression. Circ_0005795 loss- and gain-of-function were constructed to investigate BCC progression. Nuclear and cytoplasmic fractionation and luciferase assay were carried out to determine cellular localization and molecular interaction of Circ_0005795. Circ_0005795 expression was significantly elevated in BCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of Circ_0005795 dramatically reduced cell viability, colony formation, and anti-apoptotic protein levels, while increased caspase-3 activity. Circ_0005795 located in cytoplasm, which exerted its tumor-promoting effect through targeting and sponging miR-1231 in BCC cells. In summary, Circ_0005795 works as an oncogene in BCC, which might be used as a promising biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for BCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Yong'an Road, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Yong'an Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Tulsyan S, Hussain S, Mittal B, Saluja SS, Tanwar P, Rath GK, Goodman M, Kaur T, Mehrotra R. A systematic review with in silico analysis on transcriptomic profile of gallbladder carcinoma. Semin Oncol 2020; 47:398-408. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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The Role of Circular RNAs in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Biliary-Tract Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113250. [PMID: 33158116 PMCID: PMC7694172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic and biliary tract cancers often present with non-specific symptoms, resulting in diagnosis at a late stage. This may be too late for curative surgery. Earlier detection and characterisation may guide treatment options and increase survival. Natural “circles” of RNA (circRNAs) are shown to regulate cancer-related genes, and act as cancer “biomarkers”. Recent research has shown that circRNAs are both abundant and stable, both of which are desirable characteristics for clinically useful biomarkers. In this systematic review, we describe the roles of circRNAs in pancreatic and biliary tract cancers, summarise the current published research and explore their utility as a biomarker. A total of 32 articles were included: 22 considering Pancreatic Cancer, 7 for Bile Duct Cancer and 3 for Gallbladder Cancer. CircRNA proved an exciting prospect as a biomarker for these cancers and future work should continue to develop and expand this field of research. Abstract Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and biliary-tract cancers (BTC) often present at a late stage, and consequently patients have poor survival-outcomes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules whose role in tumourigenesis has recently been realised. They are stable, conserved and abundant, with tissue-specific expression profiles. Therefore, significant interest has arisen in their use as potential biomarkers for PDAC and BTC. High-throughput methods and more advanced bioinformatic techniques have enabled better profiling and progressed our understanding of how circRNAs may function in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to influence the transcriptome in these cancers. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to describe the roles of circRNAs in PDAC and BTC, their potential as biomarkers, and their function in the wider ceRNA network in regulating microRNAs and the transcriptome. Medline, Embase, Scopus and PubMed were systematically reviewed to identify all the studies addressing circRNAs in PDAC and BTC. A total of 32 articles were included: 22 considering PDAC, 7 for Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and 3 for Gallbladder Cancer (GBC). There were no studies investigating Ampullary Cancer. Dysregulated circRNA expression was associated with features of malignancy in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. Overall, there have been very few PDAC and BTC tissues profiled for circRNA signatures. Therefore, whilst the current studies have demonstrated some of their functions in these cancers, further work is required to elucidate their potential role as cancer biomarkers in tissue, biofluids and biopsies.
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Shi Y, He R, Yang Y, He Y, Shao K, Zhan L, Wei B. Circular RNAs: Novel biomarkers for cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1787-1798. [PMID: 33000238 PMCID: PMC7551080 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer are the three most common types of malignant tumor and the leading causes of cancer‑associated death in women. Tumor debulking surgery followed by platinum and paclitaxel chemotherapy is the current treatment regime of choice. However, as a result of late diagnosis and chemoresistance, the survival rates of patients with advanced gynecological cancers remains unsatisfactory. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable noncoding RNAs that are present in a wide variety of tissue and cell types. With the enhancement of RNA sequencing methods, increasing numbers of circRNAs have been identified, and their functions are gradually being revealed. In recent years, circRNAs have received increasing attention for their regulatory roles in cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer. The aim of the present review was to summarize the possible mechanisms of recently identified circRNAs; we hypothesize that a novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker may be identified to prolong the survival time of patients with gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Shi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Runhua He
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Kang Shao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Yu Q, Yu P, Zheng Q, Yang X, Gao D. Circular RNAs in gastrointestinal cancer: Current knowledge, biomarkers and targeted therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1611-1632. [PMID: 33000182 PMCID: PMC7521476 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous non‑coding RNAs that are connected at the 3' and 5' ends by exon or intron cyclization, which forms a covalently closed loop. They are stable, well conserved, exhibit specific expression in mammalian cells and can function as microRNA (miRNA or miR) sponges to regulate the target genes of miRNAs, which influences biological processes. Such as tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis and tumor stage. circRNAs represent promising candidates for clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the present review, the biogenesis, classification and functions of circRNAs in tumors are briefly summarized and discussed. In addition, the participation of circRNAs in signal transduction pathways regulating gastrointestinal cancer cellular functions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiongfang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dian Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently circularized RNA moieties that despite being relatively abundant were only recently identified and have only begun to be investigated within the last couple of years. Even though there are many thousands of genes that appear capable of producing circRNAs, and the fact that many circRNAs appear to be highly evolutionarily conserved, the function of all but a few remain to be fully explored. What has been determined, however, is that circRNAs play key regulatory roles in many aspects of biology with focus being given to their function in cancer. Most of the studies to date have found that circRNAs act as master regulator of gene expression most often than not acting to regulate levels though sequestration or "sponging" of other gene expression regulators, particularly miRNAs. They can also function directly modulating transcription, or by interfering with splicing mechanisms. Some circRNAs can also be translated into functional proteins or peptides. A combination of tissue and developmental stage specific expression along with an innate resistance to RNAse activity means that circRNAs show perhaps their greatest potential as novel biomarkers of cancer. In this chapter we consider the current state of knowledge regarding these molecules, their synthesis, function, and association with cancer. We also consider some of the challenges that remain to be overcome to allow this emerging class of RNAs to fulfill their potential in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Solé
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Charles Henderson Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Fan S, Hu K, Zhang D, Liu F. Interference of circRNA HIPK3 alleviates cardiac dysfunction in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice models and apoptosis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1147. [PMID: 33240996 PMCID: PMC7576089 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been deemed to be microRNA (miRNA) sponges that are involved in multiple biological processes. It has not yet been corroborated whether the regulation of circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) can be used for the treatment of myocardial dysfunction. Methods In this study, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects and apoptosis inhibition of circHIPK3 regulation on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocarditis in vivo and vitro. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to LPS with or without knockdown of circHIPK3. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to evaluate the expression of circHIPK3. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blotting were used to evaluate histopathology, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, respectively. Cardiac function and myocardial damage were also evaluated. Results It was proven that short hairpin RNA1 (shRNA1) was a superior interference of circHIPK3. The results revealed that knockdown of circHIPK3 effectively alleviated myocardial tissue damage, improved cardiac function, and suppressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the animal model of LPS-induced myocarditis. Furthermore, LPS-induced oxidative injuries and inflammation in the myocardium were also partly reversed after circHIPK3 knockdown. In vitro, being LPS-induced enhanced the levels of heart damage markers, simultaneously inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and stimulated oxidative stress and inflammation of H9C2 cells. Fortunately, the abnormalities mentioned were partly reversed following circHIPK3 knockdown. Conclusions In this study, we characterized the expression and regulation of circHIPK3 in LPS-induced myocarditis in the animal model and H9c2 cells. The results demonstrated that circHIPK3 expression is significantly upregulated when exposed to LPS in vivo and in vitro. Knockdown of circHIPK3 effectively alleviated LPS-induced myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyang Fan
- Central Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kailun Hu
- Central Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Deyin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuyun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Chen ZG, Zhao HJ, Lin L, Liu JB, Bai JZ, Wang GS. Circular RNA CirCHIPK3 promotes cell proliferation and invasion of breast cancer by sponging miR-193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT axis. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2660-2671. [PMID: 32767499 PMCID: PMC7471055 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) CirCHIPK3 on the malignant proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer (BC). Methods Human BC samples and their matched normal adjacent tissues were obtained from 50 patients to assess the expression of CirCHIPK3 and its relationship with BC prognosis. A series of in vitro and in vivo functional experiments were carried out to elucidate the role of CirCHIPK3 in BC progression and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the interaction of CirCHIPK3, miR‐193a, and HMGB1 was examined using bioinformatics, FISH, RIP, RNA‐pull down and luciferase reporter assays. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression of HMGB1, p‐PI3K, total PI3K, p‐AKT, and AKT after si‐CirCHIPK3 transfection. Results Upregulation of CirCHIPK3 was identified in BC, which predicted a worse prognosis in BC patients. Furthermore, it was found that CirCHIPK3 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in BC by regulating miR‐193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signaling. CirCHIPK3 acted as a sponge for miR‐193a to facilitate HMGB1 expression. si‐CirCHIPK3 also inhibited tumor growth of BC in nude mice. si‐CircCHIPK3 decreased HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signal expression in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, whereas overexpression of CircCHIPK3 enhanced HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signal. Conclusions CirCHIPK3 regulated miR‐193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signaling to facilitate BC development and progression, providing a novel therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Gang Chen
- Deapartment of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhao
- Deapartment of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Deapartment of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin-Bo Liu
- Deapartment of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Zhen Bai
- Deapartment of General Surgery, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang-Shun Wang
- Deapartment of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Huang Z, Yuan C, Gu H, Cheng X, Zhou K, Xu J, Yin X, Xia J. Circular RNA circHIPK3 Promotes Cell Metastasis through miR-637/STAT3 Axis in Osteosarcoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2727060. [PMID: 32775413 PMCID: PMC7397379 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2727060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that circular RNAs play an important role in the progression of various cancers. However, few studies have revealed the great value of circRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, we performed experiments with the human OS cell lines and the results showed that the expression of circHIPK3 in OS cell lines was significantly upregulated compared to that in the normal cell line. In addition, the results showed that circHIPK3 could promote the migration, invasion, and growth of OS cells. Furthermore, miR-637 was identified as a target of circHIPK3, while STAT3 was targeted by miR-637. circHIPK3 could promote STAT3 expression via interacting with miR-637 in OS cells. In conclusion, our research uncovered an important role of the circHIPK3/miR-637/STAT3 pathway in the migration and invasion of OS cells and suggested that circHIPK3 may be a prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyue Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Chunyan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Huijie Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Xiangyang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Kaifeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Xiaofan Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Jiangni Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xin-Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
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Wang HY, Wang YP, Zeng X, Zheng Y, Guo QH, Ji R, Zhou YN. Circular RNA is a popular molecule in tumors of the digestive system (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:21-42. [PMID: 32377736 PMCID: PMC7252451 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most tumors of the digestive system, including esophageal, gastric, liver and colorectal cancer, are malignant tumors that are associated with rates of high morbidity and mortality. The lack of effective methods for early diagnosis is an important cause of poor prognosis for these malignancies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to a family of endogenous, covalently closed non‑coding RNAs that are characterized as having no 5' cap structures or 3' poly‑A tails. Shortly following discovery, circRNAs were considered to be a product of mis‑splicing and have no significant biological function. However, in recent years, accumulating evidence is demonstrating that they serve key roles in tumorigenesis and have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers. The present article summarizes the biogenesis and function of circRNAs and reviews their role in seven common types of tumor of the digestive system whilst exploring their potential as tumor markers and the significant roles they can serve in the digestive system, in addition to providing a referencing point for future studies of digestive system malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Hong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Ning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Soghli N, Qujeq D, Yousefi T, Soghli N. The regulatory functions of circular RNAs in osteosarcoma. Genomics 2020; 112:2845-2856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wen J, Liao J, Liang J, Chen XP, Zhang B, Chu L. Circular RNA HIPK3: A Key Circular RNA in a Variety of Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:773. [PMID: 32500032 PMCID: PMC7242753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which act as initiators and promoters of various diseases, were thought to be mostly noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in eukaryotes, until recent studies confirmed that some circRNAs have the function of encoding proteins. Accumulating research findings have proved that dysregulation of circRNAs is associated with the developmental process of multiple cancers. circHIPK3, an example of circRNA, is frequently expressed in many diseases, such as diabetes, age-related cataract, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, preeclampsia, osteoblasts, and retinal vascular dysfunction, leading to disease development and progression. In addition, circHIPK3 may also serve as a potential biomarker, to help us know more about the rules of occurrence and development of cancers. In recent studies, many circHIPK3-related cancers have been identified, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma, glioma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and chronic myeloid leukemia. This review summarizes recent studies on the biological mechanisms of circHIPK3 and expounds the molecular mechanisms of circHIPK3 in these malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Wen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyu Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junnan Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wenzhe G, Jiahao X, Cheng P, Hongwei Z, Xiao Y. Circular RNA HIPK3 is a Prognostic and Clinicopathological Predictor in Malignant Tumor Patients. J Cancer 2020; 11:4230-4239. [PMID: 32368306 PMCID: PMC7196251 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Circular RNA Homeodomain Interacting Protein Kinase 3 (circHIPK3) is one of the most researched circRNAs in recent 5 years. Many individual studies confirmed that aberrantly expression of circHIPK3 held prognostic value in various tumors. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis is to assess its prognostic potentials and functions in malignant tumors. Materials and methods: Multiple databases were carefully searched for articles published about circHIPK3 over the past 10 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to demonstrate prognostic value of circHIPK3 using Stata 15.0 software. Results: 8 studies including 1175 patients were ultimately enrolled in this meta-analysis. Pooled results showed that abnormal expression of circHIPK3 was significantly correlated with unfavorable OS (pooled HR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.69-2.66) and DFS/PFS (HR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.67-3.10) in cancer patients. Additionally, abnormal expression of circHIPK3 was also related to the distal metastasis of the tumors (OR: 3.27, 95%CI: 2.16-4.97, p<0.001). Conclusions: Abnormal expression of circHIPK3, no matter high or low expression, was associated with poor clinical outcomes in multiple cancer types. More comprehensive studies were required to verify and strengthen the clinical value of circHIPK3 in human malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Wenzhe
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013.,Medical College of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013
| | - Xu Jiahao
- Medical College of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013.,Medical College of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013
| | - Zhu Hongwei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 410013
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Wang A, Toma MA, Ma J, Li D, Vij M, Chu T, Wang J, Li X, Xu Landén N. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0084443 Is Upregulated in Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Modulates Keratinocyte Migration and Proliferation. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:145-160. [PMID: 32117579 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.0956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Insufficient knowledge about the molecular pathology of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) impedes the development of effective wound treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNA recently discovered to be widely expressed and have important biological functions; however, their role in skin wound healing remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of circRNAs in DFU. Approach: CircRNA expression was profiled in normal wounds (NWs) and DFUs by microarray analysis, and hsa_circ_0084443 was identified as differentially expressed. The circularity and subcellular localization of hsa_circ_0084443 were characterized by northern blotting, real-time PCR, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cell migration, cell growth, and the transcriptome of human primary keratinocytes were analyzed after overexpression or RNA interference of hsa_circ_0084443. Results: hsa_circ_0084443 is downregulated in NWs compared with intact skin, and its level is higher in DFUs than NWs. We confirmed its circularity and presence in the cytoplasm of human epidermal keratinocytes. We showed that hsa_circ_0084443 reduced motility while enhancing the growth of keratinocytes. Furthermore, we identified a gene network with the potential to mediate the biological effect of hsa_circ_0084443. Innovation: CircRNAs have a functional role and a potential clinical significance in skin wound healing. Conclusions: We identified hsa_circ_0084443, a circRNA downregulated during NW healing, as a negative regulator of keratinocyte migration. Higher levels of hsa_circ_0084443 were detected in DFU samples, suggesting that it plays a role in pathology. These findings pave the way to understanding the functional role of circRNAs in human skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Maria A. Toma
- Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingxin Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manika Vij
- Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tongbin Chu
- Department of Wound Regeneration, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xi Li
- Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm Node, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Prolactin-Responsive Circular RNA circHIPK3 Promotes Proliferation of Mammary Epithelial Cells from Dairy Cow. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030336. [PMID: 32245109 PMCID: PMC7141114 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly expressed circHIPK3 is a circular RNA that has been previously reported to regulate the growth of human cells. In this study, we found an increased expression of circHIPK3 in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with prolactin (PRL) in high-throughput sequencing data. Thus, we further investigated the effect of circHIPK3 on the proliferation and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells. We used qRT-PCR/Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and a Western blotting analysis to evaluate the effects on cell proliferation. We found that circHIPK3 promotes the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells. The STAT5 signaling pathway was previously associated with the prolactin response and when the STAT5 was suppressed, the expression of circHIPK3 decreased. The results suggest that the response to prolactin and the associated STAT5 signaling pathway affect the expression of circHIPK3, which subsequently affects the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells in dairy cows.
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Xie F, Zhao N, Zhang H, Xie D. Circular RNA CircHIPK3 Promotes Gemcitabine Sensitivity in Bladder Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1907-1912. [PMID: 32194801 PMCID: PMC7052855 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies showed circular RNA (circRNA) played important regulatory roles in tumors, including genesis of chemotherapy resistance. In this study, the role of circHIPK3 on chemotherapy resistance of bladder cancer (BC) will be clarified. Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to examine the circHIPK3 expression. The gemcitabine sensitivity and cell proliferation viability were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Double-stained flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis. Results: In BC tissues and cell lines, the circHIPK3 expression was down-regulated. Its expression had a negative correlation with pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and gemcitabine insensitivity of BC patients. CircHIPK3 was a independent prognostic biomarker for BC patients. The expression of circHIPK3 in T24/gem and J82/gem cell lines (resistant to gemcitabine) was down-regulated significantly. The over-expression of circHIPK3 decreased IC50 of gemcitabine and promoted gemcitabine's cytotoxicity in T24/gem and J82/gem cells. Conclusions: The circHIPK3 is low-expressed in BC and is an independent prognostic biomarker for BC patients. The low-expression of circHIPK3 is associated with the insensitivity to gemcitabine of BC patients, over-expression of circHIPK3 promotes gemcitabine sensitivity in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Medical Basic Experimental Teaching Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Surgery Laboratory, Affiliated First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urinary surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Dalong Xie
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
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