1
|
Wang L, Li C, Luo K. Biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of isoflavonoids in model plants and crops: a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1384091. [PMID: 38984160 PMCID: PMC11231381 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1384091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids, the major secondary metabolites within the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, play important roles in plant defense and exhibit free radical scavenging properties in mammals. Recent advancements in understanding the synthesis, transport, and regulation of isoflavonoids have identified their biosynthetic pathways as promising targets for metabolic engineering, offering potential benefits such as enhanced plant resistance, improved biomass, and restoration of soil fertility. This review provides an overview of recent breakthroughs in isoflavonoid biosynthesis, encompassing key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway, transporters influencing their subcellular localization, molecular mechanisms regulating the metabolic pathway (including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, as well as epigenetic modifications). Metabolic engineering strategies aimed at boosting isoflavonoid content in both leguminous and non-leguminous plants. Additionally, we discuss emerging technologies and resources for precise isoflavonoid regulation. This comprehensive review primarily focuses on model plants and crops, offering insights for more effective and sustainable metabolic engineering approaches to enhance nutritional quality and stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Daldoul S, Hanzouli F, Boubakri H, Nick P, Mliki A, Gargouri M. Deciphering the regulatory networks involved in mild and severe salt stress responses in the roots of wild grapevine Vitis vinifera spp. sylvestris. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:447-462. [PMID: 37963978 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulatory networks are pivotal components of plant's response to salt stress. However, plant adaptation strategies varied as a function of stress intensity, which is mainly modulated by climate change. Here, we determined the gene regulatory networks based on transcription factor (TF) TF_gene co-expression, using two transcriptomic data sets generated from the salt-tolerant "Tebaba" roots either treated with 50 mM NaCl (mild stress) or 150 mM NaCl (severe stress). The analysis of these regulatory networks identified specific TFs as key regulatory hubs as evidenced by their multiple interactions with different target genes related to stress response. Indeed, under mild stress, NAC and bHLH TFs were identified as central hubs regulating nitrogen storage process. Moreover, HSF TFs were revealed as a regulatory hub regulating various aspects of cellular metabolism including flavonoid biosynthesis, protein processing, phenylpropanoid metabolism, galactose metabolism, and heat shock proteins. These processes are essentially linked to short-term acclimatization under mild salt stress. This was further consolidated by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showing structural and plant growth adjustment. Conversely, under severe salt stress, dramatic metabolic changes were observed leading to novel TF members including MYB family as regulatory hubs controlling isoflavonoid biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, abscisic acid signaling pathway, and proteolysis. The PPI network analysis also revealed deeper stress defense changes aiming to restore plant metabolic homeostasis when facing severe salt stress. Overall, both the gene co-expression and PPI network provided valuable insights on key transcription factor hubs that can be employed as candidates for future genetic crop engineering programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samia Daldoul
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Faouzia Hanzouli
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El-Manar, El Manar II, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, B.P 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song Z, Zhao F, Chu L, Lin H, Xiao Y, Fang Z, Wang X, Dong J, Lyu X, Yu D, Liu B, Gai J, Xu D. The GmSTF1/2-GmBBX4 negative feedback loop acts downstream of blue-light photoreceptors to regulate isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100730. [PMID: 37817409 PMCID: PMC10873893 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids, secondary metabolites derived from the phenylalanine pathway, are predominantly biosynthesized in legumes, especially soybean (Glycine max). They are not only essential for plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses but also beneficial to human health. In this study, we report that light signaling controls isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. Blue-light photoreceptors (GmCRY1s, GmCRY2s, GmPHOT1s, and GmPHOT2s) and the transcription factors GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 promote isoflavonoid accumulation, whereas the E3 ubiquitin ligase GmCOP1b negatively regulates isoflavonoid biosynthesis. GmPHOT1s and GmPHOT2s stabilize GmSTF1/2, whereas GmCOP1b promotes the degradation of these two proteins in soybean. GmSTF1/2 regulate the expression of approximately 27.9% of the genes involved in soybean isoflavonoid biosynthesis, including GmPAL2.1, GmPAL2.3, and GmUGT2. They also repress the expression of GmBBX4, a negative regulator of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. In addition, GmBBX4 physically interacts with GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 to inhibit their transcriptional activation activity toward target genes related to isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Thus, GmSTF1/2 and GmBBX4 form a negative feedback loop that acts downstream of photoreceptors in the regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Our study provides novel insights into the control of isoflavonoid biosynthesis by light signaling in soybean and will contribute to the breeding of soybean cultivars with high isoflavonoid content through genetic and metabolic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Song
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengyue Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Chu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huan Lin
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuntao Xiao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuncheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Management of Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangguang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Junyi Gai
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Dongqing Xu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang Q, Wang G. Isoflavonoid metabolism in leguminous plants: an update and perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1368870. [PMID: 38405585 PMCID: PMC10884283 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1368870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids constitute a well-investigated category of phenylpropanoid-derived specialized metabolites primarily found in leguminous plants. They play a crucial role in legume development and interactions with the environment. Isoflavonoids usually function as phytoalexins, acting against pathogenic microbes in nature. Additionally, they serve as signaling molecules in rhizobial symbiosis. Notably, owing to their molecular structure resembling human estrogen, they are recognized as phytoestrogens, imparting positive effects on human health. This review comprehensively outlines recent advancements in research pertaining to isoflavonoid biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, transport, and physiological functions, with a particular emphasis on soybean plants. Additionally, we pose several questions to encourage exploration into novel contributors to isoflavonoid metabolism and their potential roles in plant-microbe interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu Z, Zhang N, Qin Z, Li J, Yang N, Chen Y, Kong J, Luo W, Xiong A, Zhuang J. Differential Response of MYB Transcription Factor Gene Transcripts to Circadian Rhythm in Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:657. [PMID: 38203827 PMCID: PMC10780195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock refers to the formation of a certain rule in the long-term evolution of an organism, which is an invisible 'clock' in the body of an organism. As one of the largest TF families in higher plants, the MYB transcription factor is involved in plant growth and development. MYB is also inextricably correlated with the circadian rhythm. In this study, the transcriptome data of the tea plant 'Baiyeyihao' were measured at a photoperiod interval of 4 h (24 h). A total of 25,306 unigenes were obtained, including 14,615 unigenes that were annotated across 20 functional categories within the GO classification. Additionally, 10,443 single-gene clusters were annotated to 11 sublevels of metabolic pathways using KEGG. Based on the results of gene annotation and differential gene transcript analysis, 22 genes encoding MYB transcription factors were identified. The G10 group in the phylogenetic tree had 13 members, of which 5 were related to the circadian rhythm, accounting for 39%. The G1, G2, G8, G9, G15, G16, G18, G19, G20, G21 and G23 groups had no members associated with the circadian rhythm. Among the 22 differentially expressed MYB transcription factors, 3 members of LHY, RVE1 and RVE8 were core circadian rhythm genes belonging to the G10, G12 and G10 groups, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect and validate the expression of the gene transcripts encoding MYB transcription factors associated with the circadian rhythm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Hu
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Zhiyuan Qin
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Jinwen Li
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Ni Yang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Yi Chen
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Jieyu Kong
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Luo
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Aisheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.H.); (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Y.C.); (J.K.); (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du Z, Qu F, Zhang C, Chen Z, Li Y, Wen L. Multi-Omics Analyses Unravel Metabolic and Transcriptional Differences in Tender Shoots from Two Sechium edule Varieties. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9060-9075. [PMID: 37998745 PMCID: PMC10670898 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaylte vine, the tender shoot of Sechium edule, is popular among vegetable consumers because of its high nutritional content, crisp texture, and unique flavor. Existing studies on the nutrient composition of chaylte vines are mostly simple chemical determinations, which have limited the breeding of specialized cultivars and the development of related industries. Using metabolomics combined with transcriptomics, this study analyzed the metabolic characteristics and related molecular mechanisms of two common varieties of chaylte vines: green-skinned (SG) and white-skinned (SW). Between the two varieties, a total of 277 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 739 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Furthermore, chemical assays demonstrated that the SW exhibited a higher total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, it was found that the SG samples exhibited a higher diversity of flavonoid subclasses compared to the SW samples, despite having a lower total flavonoid content. This inconsistent finding was likely due to the differential expression of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) genes in the two varieties. These results laid the foundation for investigating the mechanisms involved in flavonoid regulation and the breeding of specialized S. edule cultivars for chaylte vine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yurong Li
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China; (Z.D.); (F.Q.); (C.Z.); (Z.C.); (L.W.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coutinho FS, Mesquita RO, Rodrigues JM, Zanotti A, Faustino VA, Barros E, Vital CE, de Almeida Oliveira MG, Meira RMSA, Williams TCR, Fontes EPB, Loureiro ME, de Oliveira Ramos HJ. Alterations in the root phenylpropanoid pathway and root-shoot vessel system as main determinants of the drought tolerance of a soybean genotype. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:559-577. [PMID: 37187776 PMCID: PMC10172417 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change increases precipitation variability, particularly in savanna environments. We have used integrative strategies to understand the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, which will be crucial for developing improved genotypes. The current study compares the molecular and physiological parameters between the drought-tolerant Embrapa 48 and the sensitive BR16 genotypes. We integrated the root-shoot system's transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome to understand drought tolerance. The results indicated that Embrapa 48 had a greater capacity for water absorption due to alterations in length and volume. Drought tolerance appears to be ABA-independent, and IAA levels in the leaves partially explain the higher root growth. Proteomic profiles revealed up-regulated proteins involved in glutamine biosynthesis and proteolysis, suggesting osmoprotection and explaining the larger root volume. Dysregulated proteins in the roots belong to the phenylpropanoid pathways. Additionally, PR-like proteins involved in the biosynthesis of phenolics may act to prevent oxidative stress and as a substrate for modifying cell walls. Thus, we concluded that alterations in the root-shoot conductive vessel system are critical in promoting drought tolerance. Moreover, photosynthetic parameters from reciprocal grafting experiments indicated that the root system is more essential than the shoots in the drought tolerance mechanism. Finally, we provided a comprehensive overview of the genetic, molecular, and physiological traits involved in drought tolerance mechanisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01307-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flaviane Silva Coutinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Mendonça Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Analú Zanotti
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Verônica Aparecida Faustino
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Barros
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas (NuBioMol), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Camilo Elber Vital
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas (NuBioMol), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Humberto Josué de Oliveira Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas (NuBioMol), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng Y, Zhang S, Li J, Pei R, Tian L, Qi J, Azam M, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Shaibu AS, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Li B, Sun J. Dual-function C2H2-type zinc-finger transcription factor GmZFP7 contributes to isoflavone accumulation in soybean. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1794-1809. [PMID: 36352516 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are a class of secondary metabolites produced by legumes and play important roles in human health and plant stress tolerance. The C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factor (TF) functions in plant stress tolerance, but little is known about its function in isoflavone regulation in soybean (Glycine max). Here, we report a C2H2 zinc-finger TF gene, GmZFP7, which regulates isoflavone accumulation in soybean. Overexpressing GmZFP7 increased the isoflavone concentration in both transgenic hairy roots and plants. By contrast, silencing GmZFP7 expression significantly reduced isoflavone levels. Metabolomic and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that GmZFP7 can increase the flux of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Furthermore, dual-luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that GmZFP7 regulates isoflavone accumulation by influencing the expression of Isoflavone synthase 2 (GmIFS2) and Flavanone 3 β-hydroxylase 1 (GmF3H1). In this study, we demonstrate that GmZFP7 contributes to isoflavone accumulation by regulating the expression of the gateway enzymes (GmIFS2 and GmF3H1) of competing phenylpropanoid pathway branches to direct the metabolic flux into isoflavone. A haplotype analysis indicated that important natural variations were present in GmZFP7 promoters, with P-Hap1 and P-Hap3 being the elite haplotypes. Our findings provide insight into how GmZFP7 regulates the phenylpropanoid pathway and enhances soybean isoflavone content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruili Pei
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ling Tian
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Qi
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Azam
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kwadwo Gyapong Agyenim-Boateng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Abdulwahab S Shaibu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yitian Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zuofeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junming Sun
- The National Engineering Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Azam M, Zhang S, Li J, Ahsan M, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Qi J, Feng Y, Liu Y, Li B, Qiu L, Sun J. Identification of hub genes regulating isoflavone accumulation in soybean seeds via GWAS and WGCNA approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1120498. [PMID: 36866374 PMCID: PMC9971994 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1120498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Isoflavones are the secondary metabolites synthesized by the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway in soybean that benefits human and plant health. METHODS In this study, we have profiled seed isoflavone content by HPLC in 1551 soybean accessions grown in Beijing and Hainan for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) and in Anhui for one year (2017). RESULTS A broad range of phenotypic variations was observed for individual and total isoflavone (TIF) content. The TIF content ranged from 677.25 to 5823.29 µg g-1 in the soybean natural population. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on 6,149,599 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we identified 11,704 SNPs significantly associated with isoflavone contents; 75% of them were located within previously reported QTL regions for isoflavone. Two significant regions on chromosomes 5 and 11 were associated with TIF and malonylglycitin across more than 3 environments. Furthermore, the WGCNA identified eight key modules: black, blue, brown, green, magenta, pink, purple, and turquoise. Of the eight co-expressed modules, brown (r = 0.68***), magenta (r = 0.64***), and green (r = 0.51**) showed a significant positive association with TIF, as well as with individual isoflavone contents. By combining the gene significance, functional annotation, and enrichment analysis information, four hub genes Glyma.11G108100, Glyma.11G107100, Glyma.11G106900, and Glyma.11G109100 encoding, basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, MYB4 transcription factor, early responsive to dehydration, and PLATZ transcription factor respectively were identified in brown and green modules. The allelic variation in Glyma.11G108100 significantly influenced individual and TIF accumulation. DISCUSSION The present study demonstrated that the GWAS approach, combined with WGCNA, could efficiently identify isoflavone candidate genes in the natural soybean population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azam
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kwadwo Gyapong Agyenim-Boateng
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qi
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Feng
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yitian Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Germplasm and Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junming Sun
- The National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Z, Zhu X, Liu W, Qi K, Xie Z, Zhang S, Wu J, Wang P. Characterization of the REVEILLE family in Rosaceae and role of PbLHY in flowering time regulation. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:49. [PMID: 36707756 PMCID: PMC9883883 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The circadian clock integrates endogenous and exogenous signals and regulates various physiological processes in plants. REVEILLE (RVE) proteins play critical roles in circadian clock system, especially CCA1 (CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1) and LHY (LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL), which also participate in flowering regulation. However, little is known about the evolution and function of the RVE family in Rosaceae species, especially in Pyrus bretschneideri. RESULTS In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis and identified 51 RVE genes in seven Rosaceae species. The RVE family members were classified into two groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Dispersed duplication events and purifying selection were the main drivers of evolution in the RVE family. Moreover, the expression patterns of ten PbRVE genes were diverse in P. bretschneideri tissues. All PbRVE genes showed diurnal rhythms under light/dark cycles in P. bretschneideri leaves. Four PbRVE genes also displayed robust rhythms under constant light conditions. PbLHY, the gene with the highest homology to AtCCA1 and AtLHY in P. bretschneideri, is localized in the nucleus. Ectopic overexpression of PbLHY in Arabidopsis delayed flowering time and repressed the expression of flowering time-related genes. CONCLUSION These results contribute to improving the understanding and functional research of RVE genes in P. bretschneideri.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- grid.254020.10000 0004 1798 4253Department of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Food with Homologous of Medicine and Food, Changzhi, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhu
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weijuan Liu
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Kaijie Qi
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhihua Xie
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Juyou Wu
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin J, Monsalvo I, Ly M, Jahan MA, Wi D, Martirosyan I, Kovinich N. RNA-Seq Dissects Incomplete Activation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis by the Soybean Transcription Factors GmMYB29A2 and GmNAC42-1. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:545. [PMID: 36771629 PMCID: PMC9921300 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyceollins, isoflavonoid-derived antimicrobial metabolites, are the major phytoalexins in soybean (Glycine max). They play essential roles in providing resistance to the soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae and have unconventional anticancer and neuroprotective activities that render them desirable for pharmaceutical development. Our previous studies revealed that the transcription factors GmMYB29A2 and GmNAC42-1 have essential roles in activating glyceollin biosynthesis, yet each cannot activate the transcription of all biosynthesis genes in the absence of a pathogen elicitor treatment. Here, we report that co-overexpressing both transcription factors is also insufficient to activate glyceollin biosynthesis. To understand this insufficiency, we compared the transcriptome profiles of hairy roots overexpressing each transcription factor with glyceollin-synthesizing roots treated with wall glucan elicitor (WGE) from P. sojae. GmMYB29A2 upregulated most of the WGE-regulated genes that encode enzymatic steps spanning from primary metabolism to the last step of glyceollin biosynthesis. By contrast, GmNAC42-1 upregulated glyceollin biosynthesis genes only when overexpressed in the presence of WGE treatment. This is consistent with our recent discovery that, in the absence of WGE, GmNAC42-1 is bound by GmJAZ1 proteins that inhibit its transactivation activity. WGE, and not GmMYB29A2 or GmNAC42-1, upregulated the heat shock family gene GmHSF6-1, the homolog of Arabidopsis HSFB2a that directly activated the transcription of several glyceollin biosynthesis genes. Our results provide important insights into what biosynthesis genes will need to be upregulated to activate the entire glyceollin biosynthetic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ivan Monsalvo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Melissa Ly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Md Asraful Jahan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Dasol Wi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Izabella Martirosyan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Nik Kovinich
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Pueraria lobata Provides Candidate Genes Involved in Puerarin Biosynthesis and Its Regulation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010170. [PMID: 36671554 PMCID: PMC9855344 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata is a traditional Chinese herb in which an isoflavone C-glucoside, namely puerarin, has received the utmost interest due to its medicinal properties. To date, the biogenesis of puerarin, especially its C-glucosyl reaction in the pathway, remains poorly understood. Moreover, the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate puerarin biosynthesis in P. lobata have not been reported. Here, we performed phytochemical studies on the different developmental stages of the root, stem, and leaf tissues of two P. lobata cultivars, which suggested that both the roots and stems of P. lobata were the sites of puerarin biosynthesis. RNA-sequencing was conducted with the root and stem tissues of the two cultivars under different stages, and the clean reads were mapped to the recently published genome of P. lobata var. thomsonii, yielding the transcriptome dataset. A detailed analysis of the gene expression data, gene coexpression network, and phylogeny proposed several C-GTs that likely participate in puerarin biosynthesis. The first genome-wide analysis of the whole MYB superfamily in P. lobata presented here identified a total of 123 nonredundant PlMYB genes that were significantly expressed in the analyzed tissues. The phylogenetic analysis of PlMYBs with other plant MYB proteins revealed strong PlMYB candidates that may regulate the biosynthesis of isoflavones, such as puerarin.
Collapse
|
13
|
Nezamivand-Chegini M, Metzger S, Moghadam A, Tahmasebi A, Koprivova A, Eshghi S, Mohammadi-Dehchesmeh M, Kopriva S, Niazi A, Ebrahimie E. Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provides insights into response mechanisms to nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies in soybean. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111498. [PMID: 36252857 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential plant macronutrients that can limit plant growth by different mechanisms. We aimed to shed light on how soybean respond to low nitrogen (LN), low phosphorus (LP) and their combined deficiency (LNP). Generally, these conditions triggered changes in gene expression of the same processes, including cell wall organization, defense response, response to oxidative stress, and photosynthesis, however, response was different in each condition. A typical primary response to LN and LP was detected also in soybean, i.e., the enhanced uptake of N and P, respectively, by upregulation of genes for the corresponding transporters. The regulation of genes involved in cell wall organization showed that in LP roots tended to produce more casparian strip, in LN more secondary wall biosynthesis occurred, and in LNP reduction in expression of genes involved in secondary wall production accompanied by cell wall loosening was observed. Flavonoid biosynthesis also showed distinct pattern of regulation in different conditions: more anthocyanin production in LP, and more isoflavonoid production in LN and LNP, which we confirmed also on the metabolite level. Interestingly, in soybean the nutrient deficiencies reduced defense response by lowering expression of genes involved in defense response, suggesting a role of N and P nutrition in plant disease resistance. In conclusion, we provide detailed information on how LN, LP, and LNP affect different processes in soybean roots on the molecular and physiological levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Metzger
- MS Platform, Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ali Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Anna Koprivova
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saeid Eshghi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5371, Australia; La Trobe Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shan B, Wang W, Cao J, Xia S, Li R, Bian S, Li X. Soybean GmMYB133 Inhibits Hypocotyl Elongation and Confers Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:764074. [PMID: 35003158 PMCID: PMC8732865 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.764074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
REVEILLE (RVE) genes generally act as core circadian oscillators to regulate multiple developmental events and stress responses in plants. It is of importance to document their roles in crops for utilizing them to improve agronomic traits. Soybean is one of the most important crops worldwide. However, the knowledge regarding the functional roles of RVEs is extremely limited in soybean. In this study, the soybean gene GmMYB133 was shown to be homologous to the RVE8 clade genes of Arabidopsis. GmMYB133 displayed a non-rhythmical but salt-inducible expression pattern. Like AtRVE8, overexpression of GmMYB133 in Arabidopsis led to developmental defects such as short hypocotyl and late flowering. Seven light-responsive or auxin-associated genes including AtPIF4 were transcriptionally depressed by GmMYB133, suggesting that GmMYB133 might negatively regulate plant growth. Noticeably, the overexpression of GmMYB133 in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and plant growth under salt stress, and the contents of chlorophylls and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also enhanced and decreased, respectively. Consistently, the expressions of four positive regulators responsive to salt tolerance were remarkably elevated by GmMYB133 overexpression, indicating that GmMYB133 might confer salt stress tolerance. Further observation showed that GmMYB133 overexpression perturbed the clock rhythm of AtPRR5, and yeast one-hybrid assay indicated that GmMYB133 could bind to the AtPRR5 promoter. Moreover, the retrieved ChIP-Seq data showed that AtPRR5 could directly target five clients including AtPIF4. Thus, a regulatory module GmMYB133-PRR5-PIF4 was proposed to regulate plant growth and salt stress tolerance. These findings laid a foundation to further address the functional roles of GmMYB133 and its regulatory mechanisms in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Shan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-Alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou, China
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-Alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou, China
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruihua Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaomin Bian
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen J, Li G, Zhang H, Yuan Z, Li W, Peng Z, Shi M, Ding W, Zhang H, Cheng Y, Yao JL, Xu J. Primary Bitter Taste of Citrus is Linked to a Functional Allele of the 1,2-Rhamnosyltransferase Gene Originating from Citrus grandis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9869-9882. [PMID: 34410124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Rhamnosyltransferase (1,2RhaT) catalyzes the final step of production of flavanone neohesperidoside (FNH) that is responsible for the primary bitter taste of citrus fruits. In this study, species-specific flavonoid profiles were determined in 87 Citrus accessions by identifying eight main flavanone glycosides (FGs). Accumulation of FNHs was completely correlated to the presence of the 1,2RhaT gene in 87 citrus accessions analyzed using a novel 1,2RhaT-specific DNA marker. Pummelo (Citrus grandis) was identified as the genetic origin for a function allele of 1,2RhaT that underpinned FNH-bitterness in modern citrus cultivars. In addition, genes encoding six MYB and five bHLH transcription factors were shown to coexpress with 1,2RhaT and other flavonoid pathway genes related to FNH accumulation, indicating that these transcription factors may affect the fruit taste of citrus. This study provides a better understanding of bitterness formation in Citrus varieties and a genetic marker for the early selection of nonbitterness lines in citrus breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Gu Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wenyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Meiyan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Long Yao
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao X, Li F, Li K. The 14-3-3 proteins: regulators of plant metabolism and stress responses. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:531-539. [PMID: 33811408 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 proteins bind to and modulate the activity of phosphorylated proteins that regulate a variety of metabolic processes in plants. Over the past decade interest in the plant 14-3-3 field has increased dramatically, mainly due to the vast number of mechanisms by which 14-3-3 proteins regulate metabolism. As this field develops, it is essential to understand the role of these proteins in metabolic and stress responses. This review summarizes current knowledge about 14-3-3 proteins in plants, including their molecular structure and function, regulatory mechanism and roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism and stress responses. We begin with a molecular structural analysis of 14-3-3 proteins, which describes the basic principles of 14-3-3 function, and then discuss the regulatory mechanisms and roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of 14-3-3 proteins. We conclude with a summary of the 14-3-3 response to biotic stress and abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - F Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - K Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Identification and Expression Analyses of the Special 14-3-3 Gene Family in Papaya and its Involvement in Fruit Development, Ripening, and Abiotic Stress Responses. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1599-1616. [PMID: 34009493 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plant 14-3-3 proteins play key roles in regulating growth, development, and stress responses. However, little is known about this gene family in papaya (Carica papaya L.). We characterized eight 14-3-3 genes from the papaya genome and designed them as CpGRF1-8. Based on phylogenetic, conserved motif, and gene structure analyses, papaya CpGRFs were divided into ε and non-ε groups. Expression analysis showed differential and class-specific transcription patterns in different organs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that most CpGRFs had large changes in expression during fruit development and ripening. This indicated that the CpGRFs were involved in regulating fruit development and ripening. Significant expression changes occurred after cold, salt, and drought treatments in papaya seedlings, indicating that CpGRFs were also involved in signaling responses to abiotic stress. These results provide a transcription profile of 14-3-3 genes in organs, during fruit development and ripening and in response to stress. Some highly expressed, fruit-specific, and stress-responsive candidate CpGRFs will be identified for further genetic improvement of papayas.
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen L, Yang H, Fang Y, Guo W, Chen H, Zhang X, Dai W, Chen S, Hao Q, Yuan S, Zhang C, Huang Y, Shan Z, Yang Z, Qiu D, Liu X, Tran LP, Zhou X, Cao D. Overexpression of GmMYB14 improves high-density yield and drought tolerance of soybean through regulating plant architecture mediated by the brassinosteroid pathway. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:702-716. [PMID: 33098207 PMCID: PMC8051608 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to regulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as to mediate plant adaption to abiotic stresses, including drought. However, the roles of MYB TFs in regulating plant architecture and yield potential remain poorly understood. Here, we studied the roles of the dehydration-inducible GmMYB14 gene in regulating plant architecture, high-density yield and drought tolerance through the brassinosteroid (BR) pathway in soybean. GmMYB14 was shown to localize to nucleus and has a transactivation activity. Stable GmMYB14-overexpressing (GmMYB14-OX) transgenic soybean plants displayed a semi-dwarfism and compact plant architecture associated with decreased cell size, resulting in a decrease in plant height, internode length, leaf area, leaf petiole length and leaf petiole angle, and improved yield in high density under field conditions. Results of the transcriptome sequencing suggested the involvement of BRs in regulating GmMYB14-OX plant architecture. Indeed, GmMYB14-OX plants showed reduced endogenous BR contents, while exogenous application of brassinolide could partly rescue the phenotype of GmMYB14-OX plants. Furthermore, GmMYB14 was shown to directly bind to the promoter of GmBEN1 and up-regulate its expression, leading to reduced BR content in GmMYB14-OX plants. GmMYB14-OX plants also displayed improved drought tolerance under field conditions. GmBEN1 expression was also up-regulated in the leaves of GmMYB14-OX plants under polyethylene glycol treatment, indicating that the GmBEN1-mediated reduction in BR level under stress also contributed to drought/osmotic stress tolerance of the transgenic plants. Our findings provided a strategy for stably increasing high-density yield and drought tolerance in soybean using a single TF-encoding gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Hongli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yisheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Wenjun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Qingnan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Songli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Dezhen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- The Industrial Crop InstituteShanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesTaiyuanChina
| | - Lam‐Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress ToleranceDepartment of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA
- Stress Adaptation Research UnitRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Dong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu L, Huang D, Gu J, Pan D, Tan Y, Huang R, Yao S. Identification of Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis-Related R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors in Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot Using Transcriptome-Based Gene Coexpression Analysis. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:9939403. [PMID: 34136563 PMCID: PMC8174187 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9939403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The R2R3-MYB family is one of the largest plant transcription factor (TF) families playing vital roles in defense, plant growth, and secondary metabolism biosynthesis. Although this gene family has been studied in many species, isoflavonoid biosynthesis-related R2R3-MYB TFs in Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, are poorly understood. Here, a total of 101 R2R3-MYB TFs were identified from C. speciosa transcriptome dataset. 25 clades divided into five functional groups were clustered based on the sequence similarity and phylogenetic tree. Conserved motifs and domain distribution, expression patterns, and coexpression networks were also employed to identify the potential R2R3-MYB TFs in the regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis. In silico evaluation showed that the deduced R2R3-CsMYB proteins contain highly conserved R2R3 repeat domain at the N-terminal region, that is the signature motif of R2R3-type MYB TFs. Eight potential TFs (CsMYB17, CsMYB36, CsMYB41, CsMYB44, CsMYB45, CsMYB46, CsMYB72, and CsMYB81) had high degrees of coexpression with four key isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes (CsIFS, CsCHS7, CsHID-1, and CsCHI3), in which CsMYB36 as a potential regulator possessed the highest degree. HPLC analysis showed that formononetin and maackiain contents were significantly increased during the development of tuberous roots, which might be controlled by both related R2R3-CsMYBs and structural genes involved in the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway. The transcriptome data were further validated by reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis, and similar expression profiles between TFs and key structural genes were identified. This study was the first step toward the understanding of the R2R3-MYB TFs regulating isoflavonoid biosynthesis in C. speciosa. The results will provide information for further functional analysis and quality improvement through genetic manipulation of these potential R2R3-CsMYB genes in C. speciosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linchan Yu
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ding Huang
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinyuan Gu
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongjin Pan
- 2Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Tan
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongshao Huang
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shaochang Yao
- 1College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sohn SI, Pandian S, Oh YJ, Kang HJ, Cho WS, Cho YS. Metabolic Engineering of Isoflavones: An Updated Overview. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:670103. [PMID: 34163508 PMCID: PMC8216759 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.670103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are ecophysiologically active secondary metabolites derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. They were mostly found in leguminous plants, especially in the pea family. Isoflavones play a key role in plant-environment interactions and act as phytoalexins also having an array of health benefits to the humans. According to epidemiological studies, a high intake of isoflavones-rich diets linked to a lower risk of hormone-related cancers, osteoporosis, menopausal symptoms, and cardiovascular diseases. These characteristics lead to the significant advancement in the studies on genetic and metabolic engineering of isoflavones in plants. As a result, a number of structural and regulatory genes involved in isoflavone biosynthesis in plants have been identified and characterized. Subsequently, they were engineered in various crop plants for the increased production of isoflavones. Furthermore, with the advent of high-throughput technologies, the regulation of isoflavone biosynthesis gains attention to increase or decrease the level of isoflavones in the crop plants. In the review, we begin with the role of isoflavones in plants, environment, and its benefits in human health. Besides, the main theme is to discuss the updated research progress in metabolic engineering of isoflavones in other plants species and regulation of production of isoflavones in soybeans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo In Sohn
- Biosafety Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Soo-In Sohn,
| | - Subramani Pandian
- Biosafety Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Young Ju Oh
- Institute for Future Environmental Ecology Co., Ltd., Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jung Kang
- Biosafety Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Woo Suk Cho
- Biosafety Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Youn Sung Cho
- Biosafety Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Matsuda H, Nakayasu M, Aoki Y, Yamazaki S, Nagano AJ, Yazaki K, Sugiyama A. Diurnal metabolic regulation of isoflavones and soyasaponins in soybean roots. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00286. [PMID: 33241173 PMCID: PMC7673354 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones and soyasaponins are major specialized metabolites accumulated in soybean roots and secreted into the rhizosphere. Unlike the biosynthetic pathway, the transporters involved in metabolite secretion remain unknown. The developmental regulation of isoflavone and soyasaponin secretions has been recently reported, but the diurnal regulation of their biosynthesis and secretion still needs to be further studied. To address these challenges, we conducted transcriptome and metabolite analysis using hydroponically grown soybean plants at 6-hr intervals for 48 hr in a 12-hr-light/12-hr-dark condition. Isoflavone and soyasaponin biosynthetic genes showed opposite patterns in the root tissues; that is, the former genes are highly expressed in the daytime, while the latter ones are strongly induced at nighttime. GmMYB176 encoding a transcription factor of isoflavone biosynthesis was upregulated from ZT0 (6:00 a.m.) to ZT6 (12:00 a.m.), followed by the induction of isoflavone biosynthetic genes at ZT6. The isoflavone aglycone content in the roots accordingly increased from ZT6 to ZT18 (0:00 a.m.). The isoflavone aglycone content in root exudates was kept consistent throughout the day, whereas that of glucosides increased at ZT6, which reflected the decreased expression of the gene encoding beta-glucosidase involved in the hydrolysis of apoplast-localized isoflavone conjugates. Co-expression analysis revealed that those isoflavone and soyasaponin biosynthetic genes formed separate clusters, which exhibited a correlation to ABC and MATE transporter genes. In summary, the results in this study indicated the diurnal regulation of isoflavone biosynthesis in soybean roots and the putative transporter genes responsible for isoflavone and soyasaponin transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Matsuda
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityGokasho, UjiJapan
| | - Masaru Nakayasu
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityGokasho, UjiJapan
| | - Yuichi Aoki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | | | | | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityGokasho, UjiJapan
| | - Akifumi Sugiyama
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityGokasho, UjiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
García-Calderón M, Pérez-Delgado CM, Palove-Balang P, Betti M, Márquez AJ. Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids Biosynthesis in the Model Legume Lotus japonicus; Connections to Nitrogen Metabolism and Photorespiration. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060774. [PMID: 32575698 PMCID: PMC7357106 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoid metabolism represents an important metabolic pathway from which originates a wide number of secondary metabolites derived from phenylalanine or tyrosine, such as flavonoids and isoflavonoids, crucial molecules in plants implicated in a large number of biological processes. Therefore, various types of interconnection exist between different aspects of nitrogen metabolism and the biosynthesis of these compounds. For legumes, flavonoids and isoflavonoids are postulated to play pivotal roles in adaptation to their biological environments, both as defensive compounds (phytoalexins) and as chemical signals in symbiotic nitrogen fixation with rhizobia. In this paper, we summarize the recent progress made in the characterization of flavonoid and isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathways in the model legume Lotus japonicus (Regel) Larsen under different abiotic stress situations, such as drought, the impairment of photorespiration and UV-B irradiation. Emphasis is placed on results obtained using photorespiratory mutants deficient in glutamine synthetase. The results provide different types of evidence showing that an enhancement of isoflavonoid compared to standard flavonol metabolism frequently occurs in Lotus under abiotic stress conditions. The advance produced in the analysis of isoflavonoid regulatory proteins by the use of co-expression networks, particularly MYB transcription factors, is also described. The results obtained in Lotus japonicus plants can be also extrapolated to other cultivated legume species, such as soybean, of extraordinary agronomic importance with a high impact in feeding, oil production and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita García-Calderón
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, 41012-Sevilla, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (C.M.P.-D.); (M.B.)
| | - Carmen M. Pérez-Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, 41012-Sevilla, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (C.M.P.-D.); (M.B.)
| | - Peter Palove-Balang
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-04001 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Marco Betti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, 41012-Sevilla, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (C.M.P.-D.); (M.B.)
| | - Antonio J. Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, 41012-Sevilla, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (C.M.P.-D.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954557145
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hou Y, Li H, Zhai L, Xie X, Li X, Bian S. Identification and functional characterization of the Aux/IAA gene VcIAA27 in blueberry. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 15:1700327. [PMID: 31822153 PMCID: PMC7012069 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1700327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aux/IAA genes are an important class of players in diverse developmental processes in plants, which generally exert their functions through the auxin signaling pathway. Blueberry is an economically and nutritionally important berry-bearing crop. However, Aux/IAA genes remain unknown in blueberry. In the present study, an Aux/IAA gene (VcIAA27) was identified and characterized in blueberry, and it is most closely related to IAA27 in other plant species. Expression analysis indicated that VcIAA27 transcripts accumulate highly in shoot, flower and fruit. Interestingly, VcIAA27 was highly expressed at early fruit developmental stages, and dramatically decreased from the onset of fruit ripening, implying that VcIAA27 possibly plays important roles during fruit enlargement. Meanwhile, the analysis of promoter activity in Arabidopsis showed that strong GUS signal was detected in the trichome and hydathodes of leaves, receptacle of silique, and lateral roots of seedling. Overexpression of VcIAA27 in Arabidopsis leads to auxin-related defects such as downward-curled leaves, short or sterile siliques, shorter stature, and more shoot branches. Moreover, qPCR analysis indicated that VcIAA27 is able to alter the expression patterns of the auxin-related genes BRU6, SAG13, SAUR26 in Arabidopsis, suggesting that VcIAA27 might be negatively involved in the auxin signaling pathway. The findings will greatly contribute to future investigation of Aux/IAA-mediated mechanisms that control blueberry development, especially fruit development and ripening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Hou
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongxue Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lulu Zhai
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shaomin Bian
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Anguraj Vadivel AK, Renaud J, Kagale S, Dhaubhadel S. GmMYB176 Regulates Multiple Steps in Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:562. [PMID: 31130975 PMCID: PMC6509752 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and are abundant in soybean seeds and roots. They play important roles in plant-microbial interactions and the induction of nod gene expression in Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Isoflavonoids also contribute to the positive health effects associated with soybean consumption by humans and animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates isoflavonoid biosynthesis by activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 gene expression in soybean. Using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of GmMYB176-RNAi silenced (GmMYB176-Si), GmMYB176-overexpressed (GmMYB176-OE), and control soybean hairy roots, we identified a total of 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 995 differentially produced metabolite features (DPMF) in GmMYB176-Si hairy roots, and 5727 DEGs and 149 DPMFs in GmMYB176-OE hairy roots. By a targeted approach, 25 isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes and 6 metabolites were identified as differentially regulated in GmMYB176-OE and GmMYB176-Si soybean hairy roots. Taken together, our results demonstrate the complexity of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean roots and suggest that a coordinated expression of pathway genes, substrate flux and product threshold level may contribute to the dynamic of the pathway regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sangeeta Dhaubhadel,
| |
Collapse
|