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Hu J, Anderson W, Hayes E, Strauss EA, Lang J, Bacos J, Simacek N, Vu HH, McCarty OJ, Kim H, Kang Y(A. The development, use, and challenges of electromechanical tissue stimulation systems. Artif Organs 2024; 48:943-960. [PMID: 38887912 PMCID: PMC11321926 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue stimulations greatly affect cell growth, phenotype, and function, and they play an important role in modeling tissue physiology. With the goal of understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying the response of tissues to external stimulations, in vitro models of tissue stimulation have been developed in hopes of recapitulating in vivo tissue function. METHODS Herein we review the efforts to create and validate tissue stimulators responsive to electrical or mechanical stimulation including tensile, compression, torsion, and shear. RESULTS Engineered tissue platforms have been designed to allow tissues to be subjected to selected types of mechanical stimulation from simple uniaxial to humanoid robotic stain through equal-biaxial strain. Similarly, electrical stimulators have been developed to apply selected electrical signal shapes, amplitudes, and load cycles to tissues, lending to usage in stem cell-derived tissue development, tissue maturation, and tissue functional regeneration. Some stimulators also allow for the observation of tissue morphology in real-time while cells undergo stimulation. Discussion on the challenges and limitations of tissue simulator development is provided. CONCLUSIONS Despite advances in the development of useful tissue stimulators, opportunities for improvement remain to better reproduce physiological functions by accounting for complex loading cycles, electrical and mechanical induction coupled with biological stimuli, and changes in strain affected by applied inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Lowell, MA 01854 USA
| | - William Anderson
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Emily Hayes
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Ellie Annah Strauss
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Jordan Lang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Josh Bacos
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Noah Simacek
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Helen H. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97239 USA
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Hoyeon Kim
- Department of Engineering; Loyola University Maryland; Baltimore, MD 21210 USA
| | - Youngbok (Abraham) Kang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
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2
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Werner MP, Kučikas V, Voß K, Abel D, Jockenhoevel S, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Schmitz-Rode T. Multiphoton Imaging of Maturation in Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:38-48. [PMID: 38115629 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Donor cell-specific tissue-engineered (TE) implants are a promising therapy for personalized treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but current development protocols lack a stable longitudinal assessment of tissue development at subcellular resolution. As a first step toward such an assessment approach, in this study we establish a generalized labeling and imaging protocol to obtain quantified maturation parameters of TE constructs in three dimensions (3D) without the need of histological slicing, thus leaving the tissue intact. Focusing on intracellular matrix (ICM) and extracellular matrix (ECM) networks, multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) was used to investigate TE patches of different conditioning durations of up to 21 days. We show here that with a straightforward labeling procedure of whole-mount samples (so without slicing into thin histological sections), followed by an easy-to-use multiphoton imaging process, we obtained high-quality images of the tissue in 3D at various time points during development. The stacks of images could then be further analyzed to visualize and quantify the volume of cell coverage as well as the volume fraction and network of structural proteins. We showed that collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) volume fractions increased as normalized to full tissue volume and proportional to the cell count, with a converging trend to the final density of (4.0% ± 0.6%) and (7.6% ± 0.7%), respectively. The image analysis of ICM and ECM revealed a developing and widely branched interconnected matrix. We are currently working on the second step, that is, to integrate MPLSM endoscopy into a dynamic bioreactor system to monitor the maturation of intact TE constructs over time, thus without the need to take them out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian P Werner
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht-Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Vytautas Kučikas
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Voß
- Institute of Automatic Control (IRT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Abel
- Institute of Automatic Control (IRT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht-Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Xuan Z, Gurevich L, Christiansen JDC, Zachar V, Pennisi CP. Stable hydrogel adhesion to polydimethylsiloxane enables cyclic mechanical stimulation of 3D-bioprinted smooth muscle constructs. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3396-3408. [PMID: 37526327 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
During normal urination, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the lower urinary tract (LUT) are exposed to mechanical signals that have a critical impact on tissue structure and function. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of the contractile phenotype of SMCs remain poorly understood. This is due, in part, to a lack of studies that have examined the effects of mechanical loading using three-dimensional (3D) models. In this study, surface modifications of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane were evaluated to investigate the effects of cyclic mechanical stimulation on SMC maturation in 3D constructs. Commercially available cell stretching plates were modified with amino or methacrylate groups to promote adhesion of 3D constructs fabricated by bioprinting. After 6 days of stimulation, the effects of mechanical stimulation on the expression of contractile markers at the mRNA and protein levels were analyzed. Methacrylate-modified surfaces supported stable adhesion of the 3D constructs to the membrane and facilitated cyclic mechanical stimulation, which significantly increased the expression of contractile markers at the mRNA and protein levels. These effects were found to be mediated by activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, as inhibition of this pathway abolished the effects of stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. These results provide valuable insights into the role of mechanical signaling in maintaining the contractile phenotype of bladder SMCs, which has important implications for the development of future treatments for LUT diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhe Xuan
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Vladimir Zachar
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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4
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Yao Y, Borkar NA, Zheng M, Wang S, Pabelick CM, Vogel ER, Prakash YS. Interactions between calcium regulatory pathways and mechanosensitive channels in airways. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:903-917. [PMID: 37905552 PMCID: PMC10872943 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2276732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a chronic lung disease influenced by environmental and inflammatory triggers and involving complex signaling pathways across resident airway cells such as epithelium, airway smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and immune cells. While our understanding of asthma pathophysiology is continually progressing, there is a growing realization that cellular microdomains play critical roles in mediating signaling relevant to asthma in the context of contractility and remodeling. Mechanosensitive pathways are increasingly recognized as important to microdomain signaling, with Piezo and transient receptor protein (TRP) channels at the plasma membrane considered important for converting mechanical stimuli into cellular behavior. Given their ion channel properties, particularly Ca2+ conduction, a question becomes whether and how mechanosensitive channels contribute to Ca2+ microdomains in airway cells relevant to asthma. AREAS COVERED Mechanosensitive TRP and Piezo channels regulate key Ca2+ regulatory proteins such as store operated calcium entry (SOCE) involving STIM and Orai channels, and sarcoendoplasmic (SR) mechanisms such as IP3 receptor channels (IP3Rs), and SR Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) that are important in asthma pathophysiology including airway hyperreactivity and remodeling. EXPERT OPINION Physical and/or functional interactions between Ca2+ regulatory proteins and mechanosensitive channels such as TRP and Piezo can toward understanding asthma pathophysiology and identifying novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Niyati A Borkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mengning Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Province People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Vogel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - YS Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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5
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Lou Y, Kawaue T, Yow I, Toyama Y, Prost J, Hiraiwa T. Interfacial friction and substrate deformation mediate long-range signal propagation in tissues. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:1511-1530. [PMID: 36057053 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue layers can generally slide at the interface, accompanied by the dissipation due to friction. Nevertheless, it remains elusive how force could propagate in a tissue with such interfacial friction. Here, we elaborate the force dynamics in a prototypical multilayer system in which an epithelial monolayer was cultivated upon an elastic substrate in contact with a hard surface, and discover a novel mechanism of pronounced force propagation over a long distance due to interfacial dynamics between substrate layers. We derived an analytical model for the dynamics of the elastic substrate under the shear stress provided by the cell layer at the surface boundary and the friction at bottom. The model reveals that sliding between substrate layers leads to an expanding stretch regime from a shear regime of substrate deformation in time and space. The regime boundary propagating diffusively with a speed depending on the stiffness, thickness, and slipperiness of the substrate, is a robust nature of a deformed elastic sheet with interfacial friction. These results shed new light on force propagation in tissues and our model could serve as a basis for studies of such propagation in a more complex tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lou
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore.
| | - Takumi Kawaue
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Ivan Yow
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Jacques Prost
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Science et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR168, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore.
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Chevalier NR. Physical organogenesis of the gut. Development 2022; 149:276365. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The gut has been a central subject of organogenesis since Caspar Friedrich Wolff’s seminal 1769 work ‘De Formatione Intestinorum’. Today, we are moving from a purely genetic understanding of cell specification to a model in which genetics codes for layers of physical–mechanical and electrical properties that drive organogenesis such that organ function and morphogenesis are deeply intertwined. This Review provides an up-to-date survey of the extrinsic and intrinsic mechanical forces acting on the embryonic vertebrate gut during development and of their role in all aspects of intestinal morphogenesis: enteric nervous system formation, epithelium structuring, muscle orientation and differentiation, anisotropic growth and the development of myogenic and neurogenic motility. I outline numerous implications of this biomechanical perspective in the etiology and treatment of pathologies, such as short bowel syndrome, dysmotility, interstitial cells of Cajal-related disorders and Hirschsprung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas R. Chevalier
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7057 , 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75013 Paris , France
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Wen K, Ni K, Guo J, Bu B, Liu L, Pan Y, Li J, Luo M, Deng L. MircroRNA Let-7a-5p in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells is Most Responsive to High Stretch in Association With Cell Mechanics Modulation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:830406. [PMID: 35399286 PMCID: PMC8990250 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.830406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: High stretch (strain >10%) can alter the biomechanical behaviors of airway smooth muscle cells which may play important roles in diverse lung diseases such as asthma and ventilator-induced lung injury. However, the underlying modulation mechanisms for high stretch-induced mechanobiological responses in ASMCs are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesize that ASMCs respond to high stretch with increased expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) that may in turn modulate the biomechanical behaviors of the cells. Thus, this study aimed to identify the miRNA in cultured ASMCs that is most responsive to high stretch, and subsequently investigate in these cells whether the miRNA expression level is associated with the modulation of cell biomechanics. Methods: MiRNAs related to inflammatory airway diseases were obtained via bioinformatics data mining, and then tested with cultured ASMCs for their expression variations in response to a cyclic high stretch (13% strain) simulating in vivo ventilator-imposed strain on airways. Subsequently, we transfected cultured ASMCs with mimics and inhibitors of the miRNA that is most responsive to the high stretch, followed by evaluation of the cells in terms of morphology, stiffness, traction force, and mRNA expression of cytoskeleton/focal adhesion-related molecules. Results: 29 miRNAs were identified to be related to inflammatory airway diseases, among which let-7a-5p was the most responsive to high stretch. Transfection of cultured human ASMCs with let-7a-5p mimics or inhibitors led to an increase or decrease in aspect ratio, stiffness, traction force, migration, stress fiber distribution, mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), myosin light chain kinase, some subfamily members of integrin and talin. Direct binding between let-7a-5p and ItgαV was also verified in classical model cell line by using dual-luciferase assays. Conclusion: We demonstrated that high stretch indeed enhanced the expression of let-7a-5p in ASMCs, which in turn led to changes in the cells’ morphology and biomechanical behaviors together with modulation of molecules associated with cytoskeletal structure and focal adhesion. These findings suggest that let-7a-5p regulation is an alternative mechanism for high stretch-induced effect on mechanobiology of ASMCs, which may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of high stretch-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingzhi Luo
- *Correspondence: Mingzhi Luo, ; Linhong Deng,
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8
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Al-Maslamani NA, Khilan AA, Horn HF. Design of a 3D printed, motorized, uniaxial cell stretcher for microscopic and biochemical analysis of mechanotransduction. Biol Open 2021; 10:bio057778. [PMID: 33563607 PMCID: PMC7888744 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to mechanical cues from their environment through a process of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Cell stretching devices are important tools to study the molecular pathways responsible for cellular responses to mechanobiological processes. We describe the development and testing of a uniaxial cell stretcher that has applications for microscopic as well as biochemical analyses. By combining simple fabrication techniques with adjustable control parameters, the stretcher is designed to fit a variety of experimental needs. The stretcher can be used for static and cyclic stretching. As a proof of principle, we visualize stretch induced deformation of cell nuclei via incremental static stretch, and changes in IEX1 expression via cyclic stretching. This stretcher is easily modified to meet experimental needs, inexpensive to build, and should be readily accessible for most laboratories with access to 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor A Al-Maslamani
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Division, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulghani A Khilan
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Division, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Henning F Horn
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Division, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
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Enríquez Á, Libring S, Field TC, Jimenez J, Lee T, Park H, Satoski D, Wendt MK, Calve S, Tepole AB, Solorio L, Lee H. High-Throughput Magnetic Actuation Platform for Evaluating the Effect of Mechanical Force on 3D Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2005021. [PMID: 34764824 PMCID: PMC8577425 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202005021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Accurately replicating and analyzing cellular responses to mechanical cues is vital for exploring metastatic disease progression. However, many of the existing in vitro platforms for applying mechanical stimulation seed cells on synthetic substrates. To better recapitulate physiological conditions, a novel actuating platform is developed with the ability to apply tensile strain on cells at various amplitudes and frequencies in a high-throughput multi-well culture plate using a physiologically-relevant substrate. Suspending fibrillar fibronectin across the body of the magnetic actuator provides a matrix representative of early metastasis for 3D cell culture that is not reliant on a synthetic substrate. This platform enables the culturing and analysis of various cell types in an environment that mimics the dynamic stretching of lung tissue during normal respiration. Metabolic activity, YAP activation, and morphology of breast cancer cells are analyzed within one week of cyclic stretching or static culture. Further, matrix degradation is significantly reduced in breast cancer cell lines with metastatic potential after actuation. These new findings demonstrate a clear suppressive cellular response due to cyclic stretching that has implications for a mechanical role in the dormancy and reactivation of disseminated breast cancer cells to macrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Enríquez
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sarah Libring
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tyler C. Field
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Julian Jimenez
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Taeksang Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hyunsu Park
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Douglas Satoski
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Michael K. Wendt
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sarah Calve
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Luis Solorio
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Abstract
Mechanotransduction, a conversion of mechanical forces into biochemical signals, is essential for human development and physiology. It is observable at all levels ranging from the whole body, organs, tissues, organelles down to molecules. Dysregulation results in various diseases such as muscular dystrophies, hypertension-induced vascular and cardiac hypertrophy, altered bone repair and cell deaths. Since mechanotransduction occurs at nanoscale, nanosciences and applied nanotechnology are powerful for studying molecular mechanisms and pathways of mechanotransduction. Atomic force microscopy, magnetic and optical tweezers are commonly used for force measurement and manipulation at the single molecular level. Force is also used to control cells, topographically and mechanically by specific types of nano materials for tissue engineering. Mechanotransduction research will become increasingly important as a sub-discipline under nanomedicine. Here we review nanotechnology approaches using force measurements and manipulations at the molecular and cellular levels during mechanotransduction, which has been increasingly play important role in the advancement of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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11
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Dewle A, Pathak N, Rakshasmare P, Srivastava A. Multifarious Fabrication Approaches of Producing Aligned Collagen Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:779-797. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Dewle
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Navanit Pathak
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Prakash Rakshasmare
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Copes F, Pien N, Van Vlierberghe S, Boccafoschi F, Mantovani D. Collagen-Based Tissue Engineering Strategies for Vascular Medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:166. [PMID: 31355194 PMCID: PMC6639767 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for the 31% of total death per year, making them the first cause of death in the world. Atherosclerosis is at the root of the most life-threatening CVDs. Vascular bypass/replacement surgery is the primary therapy for patients with atherosclerosis. The use of polymeric grafts for this application is still burdened by high-rate failure, mostly caused by thrombosis and neointima hyperplasia at the implantation site. As a solution for these problems, the fast re-establishment of a functional endothelial cell (EC) layer has been proposed, representing a strategy of crucial importance to reduce these adverse outcomes. Implant modifications using molecules and growth factors with the aim of speeding up the re-endothelialization process has been proposed over the last years. Collagen, by virtue of several favorable properties, has been widely studied for its application in vascular graft enrichment, mainly as a coating for vascular graft luminal surface and as a drug delivery system for the release of pro-endothelialization factors. Collagen coatings provide receptor-ligand binding sites for ECs on the graft surface and, at the same time, act as biological sealants, effectively reducing graft porosity. The development of collagen-based drug delivery systems, in which small-molecule and protein-based drugs are immobilized within a collagen scaffold in order to control their release for biomedical applications, has been widely explored. These systems help in protecting the biological activity of the loaded molecules while slowing their diffusion from collagen scaffolds, providing optimal effects on the targeted vascular cells. Moreover, collagen-based vascular tissue engineering substitutes, despite not showing yet optimal mechanical properties for their use in the therapy, have shown a high potential as physiologically relevant models for the study of cardiovascular therapeutic drugs and diseases. In this review, the current state of the art about the use of collagen-based strategies, mainly as a coating material for the functionalization of vascular graft luminal surface, as a drug delivery system for the release of pro-endothelialization factors, and as physiologically relevant in vitro vascular models, and the future trend in this field of research will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Copes
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Nele Pien
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francesca Boccafoschi
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Bansai S, Morikura T, Onoe H, Miyata S. Effect of Cyclic Stretch on Tissue Maturation in Myoblast-Laden Hydrogel Fibers. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10060399. [PMID: 31208059 PMCID: PMC6630375 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Engineering of the skeletal muscles has attracted attention for the restoration of damaged muscles from myopathy, injury, and extraction of malignant tumors. Reconstructing a three-dimensional muscle using living cells could be a promising approach. However, the regenerated tissue exhibits a weak construction force due to the insufficient tissue maturation. The purpose of this study is to establish the reconstruction system for the skeletal muscle. We used a cell-laden core-shell hydrogel microfiber as a three-dimensional culture to control the cellular orientation. Moreover, to mature the muscle tissue in the microfiber, we also developed a custom-made culture device for imposing cyclic stretch stimulation using a motorized stage and the fiber-grab system. As a result, the directions of the myotubes were oriented and the mature myotubes could be formed by cyclic stretch stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinako Bansai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Takashi Morikura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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Imura T, Otsuka T, Kawahara Y, Yuge L. "Microgravity" as a unique and useful stem cell culture environment for cell-based therapy. Regen Ther 2019; 12:2-5. [PMID: 31890760 PMCID: PMC6933149 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells or pluripotent stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells has seen dramatic progress in recent years. Part of cell-based therapy are already covered by public medical insurance. Recently, researchers have attempted to improve therapeutic effects toward various diseases by cell transplantation. Culture environment is considered to be one of the most important factors affecting therapeutic effects, in particular factors such as physical stimuli, because cells have the potential to adapt to their surrounding environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the research on the effects of gravity alteration on cell kinetics such as proliferation or differentiation and on potential therapeutic effects, and we also summarize the remarkable possibilities of the use of microgravity culture in cell-based therapy for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Imura
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Otsuka
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Louis Yuge
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Space Bio-Laboratories Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
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