1
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Das R, Sakaue T, Shivashankar GV, Prost J, Hiraiwa T. Chromatin Remodeling Due to Transient-Link-and-Pass Activity Enhances Subnuclear Dynamics. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:058401. [PMID: 38364140 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.058401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal coordination of chromatin and subnuclear compartments is crucial for cells. Numerous enzymes act inside nucleus-some of those transiently link and pass two chromatin segments. Here, we study how such an active perturbation affects fluctuating dynamics of an inclusion in the chromatic medium. Using numerical simulations and a versatile effective model, we categorize inclusion dynamics into three distinct modes. The transient-link-and-pass activity speeds up inclusion dynamics by affecting a slow mode related to chromatin remodeling, viz., size and shape of the chromatin meshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Das
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Takahiro Sakaue
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - G V Shivashankar
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Villigen 8092, Switzerland
- Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Prost
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Science et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115201, Taiwan
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2
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Delanoë-Ayari H, Hiraiwa T, Marcq P, Rieu JP, Saw TB. 2.5D Traction Force Microscopy: Imaging three-dimensional cell forces at interfaces and biological applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 161:106432. [PMID: 37290687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The forces that cells, tissues, and organisms exert on the surface of a soft substrate can be measured using Traction Force Microscopy (TFM), an important and well-established technique in Mechanobiology. The usual TFM technique (two-dimensional, 2D TFM) treats only the in-plane component of the traction forces and omits the out-of-plane forces at the substrate interfaces (2.5D) that turn out to be important in many biological processes such as tissue migration and tumour invasion. Here, we review the imaging, material, and analytical tools to perform "2.5D TFM" and explain how they are different from 2D TFM. Challenges in 2.5D TFM arise primarily from the need to work with a lower imaging resolution in the z-direction, track fiducial markers in three-dimensions, and reliably and efficiently reconstruct mechanical stress from substrate deformation fields. We also discuss how 2.5D TFM can be used to image, map, and understand the complete force vectors in various important biological events of various length-scales happening at two-dimensional interfaces, including focal adhesions forces, cell diapedesis across tissue monolayers, the formation of three-dimensional tissue structures, and the locomotion of large multicellular organisms. We close with future perspectives including the use of new materials, imaging and machine learning techniques to continuously improve the 2.5D TFM in terms of imaging resolution, speed, and faithfulness of the force reconstruction procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Philippe Marcq
- Laboratoire Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Rieu
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Thuan Beng Saw
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Okuda S, Hiraiwa T. Modelling contractile ring formation and division to daughter cells for simulating proliferative multicellular dynamics. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2023; 46:56. [PMID: 37466721 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell proliferation is a fundamental process underlying embryogenesis, homeostasis, wound healing, and cancer. The process involves multiple events during each cell cycle, such as cell growth, contractile ring formation, and division to daughter cells, which affect the surrounding cell population geometrically and mechanically. However, existing methods do not comprehensively describe the dynamics of multicellular structures involving cell proliferation at a subcellular resolution. In this study, we present a novel model for proliferative multicellular dynamics at the subcellular level by building upon the nonconservative fluid membrane (NCF) model that we developed in earlier research. The NCF model utilizes a dynamically-rearranging closed triangular mesh to depict the shape of each cell, enabling us to analyze cell dynamics over extended periods beyond each cell cycle, during which cell surface components undergo dynamic turnover. The proposed model represents the process of cell proliferation by incorporating cell volume growth and contractile ring formation through an energy function and topologically dividing each cell at the cleavage furrow formed by the ring. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the model recapitulated the process of cell proliferation at subcellular resolution, including cell volume growth, cleavage furrow formation, and division to daughter cells. Further analyses suggested that the orientation of actomyosin stress in the contractile ring plays a crucial role in the cleavage furrow formation, i.e., circumferential orientation can form a cleavage furrow but isotropic orientation cannot. Furthermore, the model replicated tissue-scale multicellular dynamics, where the successive proliferation of adhesive cells led to the formation of a cell sheet and stratification on the substrate. Overall, the proposed model provides a basis for analyzing proliferative multicellular dynamics at subcellular resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Okuda
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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4
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Lou Y, Rupprecht JF, Theis S, Hiraiwa T, Saunders TE. Curvature-Induced Cell Rearrangements in Biological Tissues. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:108401. [PMID: 36962052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.108401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
On a curved surface, epithelial cells can adapt to geometric constraints by tilting and by exchanging their neighbors from apical to basal sides, known as an apico-basal topological transition 1 (AB-T1). The relationship between cell tilt, AB-T1s, and tissue curvature still lacks a unified understanding. Here, we propose a general framework for cell packing in curved environments and explain the formation of AB-T1s from the perspective of strain anisotropy. We find that steep curvature gradients can lead to cell tilting and induce AB-T1s. Alternatively, pressure differences across the epithelial tissue can drive AB-T1s in regions of large curvature anisotropy. The two mechanisms compete to determine the impact of tissue geometry and mechanics on optimized cell rearrangements in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lou
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Jean-Francois Rupprecht
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Theis
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Timothy E Saunders
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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5
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Okuda S, Hiraiwa T. Long-term adherent cell dynamics emerging from energetic and frictional interactions at the interface. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:034406. [PMID: 37073061 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.034406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion plays an important role in a wide range of biological situations, including embryonic development, cancer invasion, and wound healing. Although several computational models describing adhesion dynamics have been proposed, models applicable to long-term, large-length-scale cell dynamics are lacking. In this study we investigated possible states of long-term adherent cell dynamics in three-dimensional space by constructing a continuum model of interfacial interactions between adhesive surfaces. In this model a pseudointerface is supposed between each pair of triangular elements that discretize cell surfaces. By introducing a distance between each pair of elements, the physical properties of the interface are given by interfacial energy and friction. The proposed model was implemented into the model of a nonconservative fluid cell membrane where the cell membrane dynamically flows with turnover. Using the implemented model, numerical simulations of adherent cell dynamics on a substrate under flow were performed. The simulations not only reproduced the previously reported dynamics of adherent cells, such as detachment, rolling, and fixation on the substrate, but also discovered other dynamic states, including cell slipping and membrane flow patterns, corresponding to behaviors that occur on much longer timescales than the dissociation of adhesion molecules. These results illustrate the variety of long-term adherent cell dynamics, which are more diverse than the short-term ones. The proposed model can be extended to arbitrarily shaped membranes, thus being useful for the mechanical analysis of a wide range of long-term cell dynamics where adhesion is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Okuda
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 117411, Singapore
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6
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Kawaue T, Yow I, Pan Y, Le AP, Lou Y, Loberas M, Shagirov M, Teng X, Prost J, Hiraiwa T, Ladoux B, Toyama Y. Inhomogeneous mechanotransduction defines the spatial pattern of apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:267-277.e5. [PMID: 36800994 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The number of cells in tissues is controlled by cell division and cell death, and its misregulation could lead to pathological conditions such as cancer. To maintain the cell numbers, a cell-elimination process called apoptosis also stimulates the proliferation of neighboring cells. This mechanism, apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation, was originally described more than 40 years ago. Although only a limited number of the neighboring cells need to divide to compensate for the apoptotic cell loss, the mechanisms that select cells to divide have remained elusive. Here, we found that spatial inhomogeneity in Yes-associated protein (YAP)-mediated mechanotransduction in neighboring tissues determines the inhomogeneity of compensatory proliferation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Such inhomogeneity arises from the non-uniform distribution of nuclear size and the non-uniform pattern of mechanical force applied to neighboring cells. Our findings from a mechanical perspective provide additional insight into how tissues precisely maintain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kawaue
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ivan Yow
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuping Pan
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anh Phuong Le
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuting Lou
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mavis Loberas
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Murat Shagirov
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiang Teng
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jacques Prost
- Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, CNRS, UMR 168, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benoit Ladoux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Hiraiwa T, Akiyama R, Inoue D, Kabir AMR, Kakugo A. Collision-induced torque mediates the transition of chiral dynamic patterns formed by active particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:28782-28787. [PMID: 36382471 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03879j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the patterns formed by self-propelled particles through dynamic self-organization is a challenging task. Although varieties of patterns associated with chiral self-propelled particles have been reported, essential factors that determine the morphology of the patterns have remained unclear. Here, we explore theoretically how torque formed upon collision of the particles affects the dynamic self-organization of the particles and determine the patterns. Based on a particle-based model with collision-induced torque and torque associated with self-propulsion, we find that introducing collision-induced torque turns the homogeneous bi-directionally aligned particles into rotating mono-polar flocks, which helps resolve a discrepancy in the earlier observations in microfilament gliding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore. .,Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryo Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 815-8540, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kakugo
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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8
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Fuji K, Tanida S, Sano M, Nonomura M, Riveline D, Honda H, Hiraiwa T. Computational approaches for simulating luminogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 131:173-185. [PMID: 35773151 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lumens, liquid-filled cavities surrounded by polarized tissue cells, are elementary units involved in the morphogenesis of organs. Theoretical modeling and computations, which can integrate various factors involved in biophysics of morphogenesis of cell assembly and lumens, may play significant roles to elucidate the mechanisms in formation of such complex tissue with lumens. However, up to present, it has not been documented well what computational approaches or frameworks can be applied for this purpose and how we can choose the appropriate approach for each problem. In this review, we report some typical lumen morphologies and basic mechanisms for the development of lumens, focusing on three keywords - mechanics, hydraulics and geometry - while outlining pros and cons of the current main computational strategies. We also describe brief guidance of readouts, i.e., what we should measure in experiments to make the comparison with the model's assumptions and predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Fuji
- Universal Biology Institute, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sakurako Tanida
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Sano
- Institute of Natural Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Makiko Nonomura
- Department of Mathematical Information Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumicho, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Daniel Riveline
- Laboratory of Cell Physics IGBMC, CNRS, INSERM and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hisao Honda
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117411, Singapore.
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9
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Lou Y, Kawaue T, Yow I, Toyama Y, Prost J, Hiraiwa T. Interfacial friction and substrate deformation mediate long-range signal propagation in tissues. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:1511-1530. [PMID: 36057053 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue layers can generally slide at the interface, accompanied by the dissipation due to friction. Nevertheless, it remains elusive how force could propagate in a tissue with such interfacial friction. Here, we elaborate the force dynamics in a prototypical multilayer system in which an epithelial monolayer was cultivated upon an elastic substrate in contact with a hard surface, and discover a novel mechanism of pronounced force propagation over a long distance due to interfacial dynamics between substrate layers. We derived an analytical model for the dynamics of the elastic substrate under the shear stress provided by the cell layer at the surface boundary and the friction at bottom. The model reveals that sliding between substrate layers leads to an expanding stretch regime from a shear regime of substrate deformation in time and space. The regime boundary propagating diffusively with a speed depending on the stiffness, thickness, and slipperiness of the substrate, is a robust nature of a deformed elastic sheet with interfacial friction. These results shed new light on force propagation in tissues and our model could serve as a basis for studies of such propagation in a more complex tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lou
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore.
| | - Takumi Kawaue
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Ivan Yow
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
| | - Jacques Prost
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Science et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR168, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University Singapore, queenstown, 100190, Singapore.
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10
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Okuda S, Sato K, Hiraiwa T. Continuum modeling of non-conservative fluid membrane for simulating long-term cell dynamics. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2022; 45:69. [PMID: 35984568 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Living cells actively deform and move by their force generations in three-dimensional (3D) space. These 3D cell dynamics occur over a long-term time scale, ranging from tens of minutes to days. On such a time scale, turnover of cell membrane constituents due to endocytosis and exocytosis cannot be ignored, i.e., the surface membrane dynamically deforms without mass conservation. Although membrane turnover is essential for large deformation of cells, there is no computational framework yet to simulate long-term cell dynamics with a non-conservative fluidic membrane. In this paper, we proposed a computational framework for simulating the long-term dynamics of a cell membrane in 3D space. For this purpose, in the proposed framework, the cell surface membrane is treated as a viscous fluid membrane without mass conservation. Cell shape is discretized by a triangular mesh, and its dynamics are expressed by effective energy and dissipation function. The mesh structure, distorted by membrane motion, is dynamically optimized by introducing a modified dynamic remeshing method. To validate the proposed framework, numerical simulations were performed, showing that the membrane flow is reproduced in a physically consistent manner and that the artificial effects of the remeshing method were negligible. To further demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework, numerical simulations of cell migration induced by a mechanism similar to the Marangoni effect, i.e., the polarized surface tension actively generated by the cell, were performed. The observed cell behaviors agreed with existing analytical solutions, indicating that the proposed computational framework can quantitatively reproduce long-term active cell dynamics with membrane turnover. Based on the simple description of cell membrane dynamics, this framework provides a useful basis for analyzing various cell shaping and movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Okuda
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiko Sato
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Hashimoto T, Aikawa S, Akaishi T, Asano H, Bazzi M, Bennett DA, Berger M, Bosnar D, Butt AD, Curceanu C, Doriese WB, Durkin MS, Ezoe Y, Fowler JW, Fujioka H, Gard JD, Guaraldo C, Gustafsson FP, Han C, Hayakawa R, Hayano RS, Hayashi T, Hays-Wehle JP, Hilton GC, Hiraiwa T, Hiromoto M, Ichinohe Y, Iio M, Iizawa Y, Iliescu M, Ishimoto S, Ishisaki Y, Itahashi K, Iwasaki M, Ma Y, Murakami T, Nagatomi R, Nishi T, Noda H, Noumi H, Nunomura K, O'Neil GC, Ohashi T, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Piscicchia K, Reintsema CD, Sada Y, Sakuma F, Sato M, Schmidt DR, Scordo A, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Shirotori K, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Swetz DS, Takamine A, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Trippl C, Uhlig J, Ullom JN, Yamada S, Yamaga T, Yamazaki T, Zmeskal J. Measurements of Strong-Interaction Effects in Kaonic-Helium Isotopes at Sub-eV Precision with X-Ray Microcalorimeters. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:112503. [PMID: 35363014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the 3d→2p transition x rays of kaonic ^{3}He and ^{4}He atoms using superconducting transition-edge-sensor microcalorimeters with an energy resolution better than 6 eV (FWHM). We determined the energies to be 6224.5±0.4(stat)±0.2(syst) eV and 6463.7±0.3(stat)±0.1(syst) eV, and widths to be 2.5±1.0(stat)±0.4(syst) eV and 1.0±0.6(stat)±0.3(stat) eV, for kaonic ^{3}He and ^{4}He, respectively. These values are nearly 10 times more precise than in previous measurements. Our results exclude the large strong-interaction shifts and widths that are suggested by a coupled-channel approach and agree with calculations based on optical-potential models.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hashimoto
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai 319-1184, Japan
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Aikawa
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - T Akaishi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - H Asano
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Bazzi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - D A Bennett
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - M Berger
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - D Bosnar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - A D Butt
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - C Curceanu
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - W B Doriese
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - M S Durkin
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Y Ezoe
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - J W Fowler
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - H Fujioka
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J D Gard
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - C Guaraldo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - F P Gustafsson
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - C Han
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Hayakawa
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - R S Hayano
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Hayashi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - J P Hays-Wehle
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - T Hiraiwa
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Hiromoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Ichinohe
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Iio
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Iizawa
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - M Iliescu
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - S Ishimoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Ishisaki
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - K Itahashi
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Iwasaki
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ma
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Murakami
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R Nagatomi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Nishi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Noda
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - H Noumi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - K Nunomura
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - G C O'Neil
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - T Ohashi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - H Ohnishi
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, Sendai 982-0826, Japan
| | - S Okada
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Engineering Science Laboratory, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - H Outa
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Piscicchia
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - C D Reintsema
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Y Sada
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, Sendai 982-0826, Japan
| | - F Sakuma
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - D R Schmidt
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - A Scordo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - M Sekimoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Shi
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - K Shirotori
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - D Sirghi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - F Sirghi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati I-00044, Italy
| | - K Suzuki
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - D S Swetz
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - A Takamine
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Tanida
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai 319-1184, Japan
| | - H Tatsuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - C Trippl
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - J Uhlig
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - J N Ullom
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Yamada
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - T Yamaga
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Yamazaki
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Zmeskal
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Vienna A-1030, Austria
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12
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Hiraiwa T. Dynamic self-organization of migrating cells under constraints by spatial confinement and epithelial integrity. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2022; 45:16. [PMID: 35212814 PMCID: PMC8881282 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how migrating cells can establish both dynamic structures and coherent dynamics may provide mechanistic insights to study how living systems acquire complex structures and functions. Recent studies revealed that intercellular contact communication plays a crucial role for establishing cellular dynamic self-organization (DSO) and provided a theoretical model of DSO for migrating solitary cells in a free space. However, to apply those understanding to situations in living organisms, we need to know the role of cell-cell communication for tissue dynamics under spatial confinements and epithelial integrity. Here, we expand the previous numerical studies on DSO to migrating cells subjected spatial confinement and/or epithelial integrity. An epithelial monolayer is simulated by combining the model of cellular DSO and the cellular vertex model in two dimensions for apical integrity. Under confinement to a small space, theoretical models of both solitary and epithelial cells exhibit characteristic coherent dynamics, including apparent swirling. We also find that such coherent dynamics can allow the cells to overcome the strong constraint due to spatial confinement and epithelial integrity. Furthermore, we demonstrate how epithelial cell clusters behave without spatial confinement and find various cluster dynamics, including spinning, migration and elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117411.
- Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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13
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Das R, Sakaue T, Shivashankar GV, Prost J, Hiraiwa T. How enzymatic activity is involved in chromatin organization. eLife 2022; 11:79901. [PMID: 36472500 PMCID: PMC9810329 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial organization of chromatin plays a critical role in genome regulation. Previously, various types of affinity mediators and enzymes have been attributed to regulate spatial organization of chromatin from a thermodynamics perspective. However, at the mechanistic level, enzymes act in their unique ways and perturb the chromatin. Here, we construct a polymer physics model following the mechanistic scheme of Topoisomerase-II, an enzyme resolving topological constraints of chromatin, and investigate how it affects interphase chromatin organization. Our computer simulations demonstrate Topoisomerase-II's ability to phase separate chromatin into eu- and heterochromatic regions with a characteristic wall-like organization of the euchromatic regions. We realized that the ability of the euchromatic regions to cross each other due to enzymatic activity of Topoisomerase-II induces this phase separation. This realization is based on the physical fact that partial absence of self-avoiding interaction can induce phase separation of a system into its self-avoiding and non-self-avoiding parts, which we reveal using a mean-field argument. Furthermore, motivated from recent experimental observations, we extend our model to a bidisperse setting and show that the characteristic features of the enzymatic activity-driven phase separation survive there. The existence of these robust characteristic features, even under the non-localized action of the enzyme, highlights the critical role of enzymatic activity in chromatin organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Das
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Takahiro Sakaue
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - GV Shivashankar
- ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland,Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligenSwitzerland
| | - Jacques Prost
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore,Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Science et Lettres Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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14
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Igari S, Ito T, Ishikawa M, Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Secondary Amyloid Deposition in Pigmented Poroma. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2021; 112:S1578-2190(21)00187-6. [PMID: 34147678 DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Igari
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Hiraiwa
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
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15
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Afroze F, Inoue D, Farhana TI, Hiraiwa T, Akiyama R, Kabir AMR, Sada K, Kakugo A. Monopolar flocking of microtubules in collective motion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 563:73-78. [PMID: 34062389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Flocking is a fascinating coordinated behavior of living organisms or self-propelled particles (SPPs). Particularly, monopolar flocking has been attractive due to its potential applications in various fields. However, the underlying mechanism behind flocking and emergence of monopolar motion in flocking of SPPs has remained obscured. Here, we demonstrate monopolar flocking of kinesin-driven microtubules, a self-propelled biomolecular motor system. Microtubules with an intrinsic structural chirality preferentially move towards counter-clockwise direction. At high density, the CCW motion of microtubules facilitates monopolar flocking and formation of a spiral pattern. The monopolar flocking of microtubules is accounted for by a torque generated when the motion of microtubules was obstructed due to collisions. Our results shed light on flocking and emergence of monopolar motion in flocking of chiral active matters. This work will help regulate the polarity in collective motion of SPPs which in turn will widen their applications in nanotechnology, materials science and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Afroze
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Tamanna Ishrat Farhana
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryo Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Kazuki Sada
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan; Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Kakugo
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan; Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan.
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16
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Igari S, Ito T, Ishikawa M, Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Secondary Amyloid Deposition in Pigmented Poroma. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2021; 112:S0001-7310(21)00172-1. [PMID: 33964220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Igari
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Hiraiwa
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
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17
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Hiraiwa T. Dynamic Self-Organization of Idealized Migrating Cells by Contact Communication. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:268104. [PMID: 33449791 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.268104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This Letter investigates what forms of cellular dynamic self-organization are caused through intercellular contact communication based on a theoretical model in which migrating cells perform contact following and contact inhibition and attraction of locomotion. Tuning those strengths causes varieties of dynamic patterns. This further includes a novel form of collective migration, snakelike dynamic assembly. Scrutinizing this pattern reveals that cells in this state can accurately respond to an external directional cue but have no spontaneous global polar order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411, Singapore and Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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18
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Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Cutaneous Polyarteritis Nodosa in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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19
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Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Cutaneous Polyarteritis Nodosa in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2020; 111:796-798. [PMID: 32598867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraiwa
- Departamento de Dermatología, Universidad de Medicina de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
| | - T Yamamoto
- Departamento de Dermatología, Universidad de Medicina de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón.
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20
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Tomida N, Muramatsu N, Niiyama M, Ahn JK, Chang WC, Chen JY, Chu ML, Daté S, Gogami T, Goto H, Hamano H, Hashimoto T, He QH, Hicks K, Hiraiwa T, Honda Y, Hotta T, Ikuno H, Inoue Y, Ishikawa T, Jaegle I, Jo JM, Kasamatsu Y, Katsuragawa H, Kido S, Kon Y, Maruyama T, Masumoto S, Matsumura Y, Miyabe M, Mizutani K, Nagahiro H, Nakamura T, Nakano T, Nam T, Ngan TNT, Nozawa Y, Ohashi Y, Ohnishi H, Ohta T, Ozawa K, Rangacharyulu C, Ryu SY, Sada Y, Sasagawa M, Shibukawa T, Shimizu H, Shirai R, Shiraishi K, Strokovsky EA, Sugaya Y, Sumihama M, Suzuki S, Tanaka S, Tokiyasu A, Tsuchikawa Y, Ueda T, Yamazaki H, Yamazaki R, Yanai Y, Yorita T, Yoshida C, Yosoi M. Search for η^{'} Bound Nuclei in the ^{12}C(γ,p) Reaction with Simultaneous Detection of Decay Products. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:202501. [PMID: 32501086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.202501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We measured missing mass spectrum of the ^{12}C(γ,p) reaction for the first time in coincidence with potential decay products from η^{'} bound nuclei. We tagged an (η+p) pair associated with the η^{'}N→ηN process in a nucleus. After applying kinematical selections to reduce backgrounds, no signal events were observed in the bound-state region. An upper limit of the signal cross section in the opening angle cosθ_{lab}^{ηp}<-0.9 was obtained to be 2.2 nb/sr at the 90% confidence level. It is compared with theoretical cross sections, whose normalization ambiguity is suppressed by measuring a quasifree η^{'} production rate. Our results indicate a small branching fraction of the η^{'}N→ηN process and/or a shallow η^{'}-nucleus potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tomida
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - N Muramatsu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Niiyama
- Department of Physics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - M L Chu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Daté
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - T Gogami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Hamano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Hashimoto
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Q H He
- Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - K Hicks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - T Hiraiwa
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Y Honda
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Hotta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Ikuno
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - I Jaegle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J M Jo
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kasamatsu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Katsuragawa
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S Kido
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Kon
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Maruyama
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
| | - S Masumoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Matsumura
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Miyabe
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - K Mizutani
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Nagahiro
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Physics, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Nam
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T N T Ngan
- Nuclear Physics Department, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam
| | - Y Nozawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Y Ohashi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Ohnishi
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Ohta
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - C Rangacharyulu
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - S Y Ryu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Sada
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Sasagawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Shibukawa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - R Shirai
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - K Shiraishi
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - E A Strokovsky
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region 142281, Russia
| | - Y Sugaya
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Sumihama
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - A Tokiyasu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Tsuchikawa
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Ueda
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - H Yamazaki
- Radiation Science Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - R Yamazaki
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Yanai
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Yorita
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - C Yoshida
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Yosoi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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21
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Hayakawa M, Hiraiwa T, Wada Y, Kuwayama H, Shibata T. Polar pattern formation induced by contact following locomotion in a multicellular system. eLife 2020; 9:53609. [PMID: 32352381 PMCID: PMC7213982 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical mechanisms underlying collective cell migration of eukaryotic cells have been studied extensively in recent years. One mechanism that induces cells to correlate their motions is contact inhibition of locomotion, by which cells migrating away from the contact site. Here, we report that tail-following behavior at the contact site, termed contact following locomotion (CFL), can induce a non-trivial collective behavior in migrating cells. We show the emergence of a traveling band showing polar order in a mutant Dictyostelium cell that lacks chemotactic activity. We find that CFL is the cell-cell interaction underlying this phenomenon, enabling a theoretical description of how this traveling band forms. We further show that the polar order phase consists of subpopulations that exhibit characteristic transversal motions with respect to the direction of band propagation. These findings describe a novel mechanism of collective cell migration involving cell-cell interactions capable of inducing traveling band with polar order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Hayakawa
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Universal Biology Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Wada
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kuwayama
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shibata
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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22
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Tanida S, Furuta K, Nishikawa K, Hiraiwa T, Kojima H, Oiwa K, Sano M. Gliding filament system giving both global orientational order and clusters in collective motion. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:032607. [PMID: 32289972 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.032607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Emergence and collapse of coherent motions of self-propelled particles are affected more by particle motions and interactions than by their material or biological details. In the reconstructed systems of biofilaments and molecular motors, several types of collective motion including a global-order pattern emerge due to the alignment interaction. Meanwhile, earlier studies show that the alignment interaction of a binary collision of biofilaments is too weak to form the global order. The multiple collision is revealed to be important to achieve global order, but it is still unclear what kind of multifilament collision is actually involved. In this study, we demonstrate that not only alignment but also crossing of two filaments is essential to produce an effective multiple-particle interaction and the global order. We design the reconstructed system of biofilaments and molecular motors to vary a probability of the crossing of biofilaments on a collision and thus control the effect of volume exclusion. In this system, biofilaments glide along their polar strands on the turf of molecular motors and can align themselves nematically when they collide with each other. Our experiments show the counterintuitive result, in which the global order is achieved only when the crossing is allowed. When the crossing is prohibited, the cluster pattern emerges instead. We also investigate the numerical model in which we can change the strength of the volume exclusion effect and find that the global orientational order and clusters emerge with weak and strong volume exclusion effects, respectively. With those results and simple theory, we conclude that not only alignment but also finite crossing probability are necessary for the effective multiple-particles interaction forming the global order. Additionally, we describe the chiral symmetry breaking of a microtubule motion which causes a rotation of global alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakurako Tanida
- Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken'ya Furuta
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kaori Nishikawa
- Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Hiroaki Kojima
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Oiwa
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Sano
- Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hiraiwa T. Two types of exclusion interactions for self-propelled objects and collective motion induced by their combination. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:012614. [PMID: 30780270 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.012614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exclusive interactions between self-driven objects may play crucial roles in their collective behavior, e.g., in collective migration of living cells. Here, such collective behavior is studied based on a simple but sufficient model taking account the exclusion effects, which incorporate the following two distinct kinds of exclusion interactions in two dimensions: The first is the mechanical exclusion wherein two objects mechanically repel each other when they overlap. The second is the scattering exclusion, wherein the directions along which each object tries to move are modulated to avoid overlapping. We propose a theoretical model based on two principles: (1) Each object maintains its own polarity with a fixed strength and attempts to move into the polarity direction and (2) objects interact with each other through the abovementioned exclusions. Based on this model, we look at the difference of consequences and combinatory effects of these two kinds of exclusions. Furthermore, we calculate the polar order of polarity directions without an external directional bias. Our results suggest that the combination of these two kinds of exclusions leads to effectively inelastic scattering of two objects, which eventually gives rise to global polar ordering. We also find that the traveling band can arise by this mechanism of alignment at the intermediate density, as generally seen in collective motion with polar alignment and investigated in various earlier works. Characteristics of transitions among disordered, traveling band, and homogeneously ordered states of the presented model are investigated, and their similarities and differences with those given by the explicit alignment interaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Alopecia areata y pustulosis palmoplantar: informe de 4 casos. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2018; 109:751-752. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Hiraiwa T, Yamamoto T. Alopecia Areata and Palmoplantar Pustulosis: Report of 4 Cases. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Hiraiwa T, Ishikawa M, Ohashi T, Miura T, Satoh M, Yamamoto T. Koebner Phenomenon In Sweet's Syndrome. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Hiraiwa T, Ishikawa M, Ohashi T, Miura T, Satoh M, Yamamoto T. Koebner Phenomenon In Sweet's Syndrome. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2017; 109:555-556. [PMID: 29277339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraiwa
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón.
| | - M Ishikawa
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
| | - T Ohashi
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
| | - T Miura
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
| | - M Satoh
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
| | - T Yamamoto
- Unidad de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Fukushima, Fukushima, Japón
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Hiraiwa T, Kuranaga E, Shibata T. Wave Propagation of Junctional Remodeling in Collective Cell Movement of Epithelial Tissue: Numerical Simulation Study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:66. [PMID: 28770197 PMCID: PMC5516087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During animal development, epithelial cells forming a monolayer sheet move collectively to achieve the morphogenesis of epithelial tissues. One driving mechanism of such collective cell movement is junctional remodeling, which is found in the process of clockwise rotation of Drosophila male terminalia during metamorphosis. However, it still remains unknown how the motions of cells are spatiotemporally organized for collective movement by this mechanism. Since these moving cells undergo elastic deformations, the influence of junctional remodeling may mechanically propagate among them, leading to spatiotemporal pattern formations. Here, using a numerical cellular vertex model, we found that the junctional remodeling in collective cell movement exhibits spatiotemporal self-organization without requiring spatial patterns of molecular signaling activity. The junctional remodeling propagates as a wave in a specific direction with a much faster speed than that of cell movement. Such propagation occurs in both the absence and presence of fluctuations in the contraction of cell boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Erina Kuranaga
- Laboratory of Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental BiologyKobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shibata
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Quantitative Biology CenterKobe, Japan
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Hiraiwa T, Kuranaga E, Shibata T. Wave propagation of junctional remodeling in collective cell movement of epithelial tissue. Mech Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2017.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kikuchi N, Matsumura N, Hiraiwa T, Kato Y, Satoh M, Yamamoto T. Concomitant Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Erythema Nodosum in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kikuchi N, Matsumura N, Hiraiwa T, Kato Y, Satoh M, Yamamoto T. Concomitant Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Erythema Nodosum in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2016; 107:870-872. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
We study the effect of turnover of cross-linkers, motors, and filaments on the generation of a contractile stress in a network of filaments connected by passive cross-linkers and subjected to the forces exerted by molecular motors. We perform numerical simulations where filaments are treated as rigid rods and molecular motors move fast compared to the time scale of an exchange of cross-linkers. We show that molecular motors create a contractile stress above a critical number of cross-linkers. When passive cross-linkers are allowed to turn over, the stress exerted by the network vanishes due to the formation of clusters. When both filaments and passive cross-linkers turn over, clustering is prevented and the network reaches a dynamic contractile steady state. A maximum stress is reached for an optimum ratio of the filament and cross-linker turnover rates. Taken together, our work reveals conditions for stress generation by molecular motors in a fluid isotropic network of rearranging filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Guillaume Salbreux
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
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Sato K, Hiraiwa T, Maekawa E, Isomura A, Shibata T, Kuranaga E. Left-right asymmetric cell intercalation drives directional collective cell movement in epithelial morphogenesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:10074. [PMID: 26656655 PMCID: PMC4682055 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphogenetic epithelial movement occurs during embryogenesis and drives complex tissue formation. However, how epithelial cells coordinate their unidirectional movement while maintaining epithelial integrity is unclear. Here we propose a novel mechanism for collective epithelial cell movement based on Drosophila genitalia rotation, in which epithelial tissue rotates clockwise around the genitalia. We found that this cell movement occurs autonomously and requires myosin II. The moving cells exhibit repeated left–right-biased junction remodelling, while maintaining adhesion with their neighbours, in association with a polarized myosin II distribution. Reducing myosinID, known to cause counter-clockwise epithelial-tissue movement, reverses the myosin II distribution. Numerical simulations revealed that a left–right asymmetry in cell intercalation is sufficient to induce unidirectional cellular movement. The cellular movement direction is also associated with planar cell-shape chirality. These findings support a model in which left–right asymmetric cell intercalation within an epithelial sheet drives collective cellular movement in the same direction. Coordinated epithelial movement during embryogenesis drives complex tissue formation, but how this movement is coordinated to maintain epithelial integrity is not clear. Here the authors show that left-right asymmetry in cell intercalation drives clockwise rotation of epithelia in Drosophila genital development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Sato
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Emi Maekawa
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ayako Isomura
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shibata
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Erina Kuranaga
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Development, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Laboratory for Tissue Development Dynamics, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan.,Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Abstract
During early development, epithelial cells form a monolayer sheet and migrate in a uniform direction. Here, we address how this collective migration can occur without breaking the cell-to-cell attachments. Repeated contraction and expansion of the cell-to-cell interfaces enables the cells to rearrange their positions autonomously within the sheet. We show that when the interface tension is strengthened in a direction that is tilted from the body axis, cell rearrangements occur in such a way that unidirectional movement is induced. We use a vertex model to demonstrate that such anisotropic tension can generate the unidirectional motion of cell sheets. Our results suggest that cell chirality facilitates collective cell migration during tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Sato
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shibata
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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Abstract
A 50-year-old woman presented with a headache and nausea. A sellar and suprasellar mass was detected on MRI; the tumor was heterogeneously enhanced with gadolinium, and the pituitary stalk was slightly thickened. Laboratory tests revealed severe growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiencies. A pathological examination of the tumor showed scattered granulomas with central necrosis and Langhans giant cells. Tuberculin skin and QuantiFERON TB-Gold tests (QFT-2G) were positive. Accordingly, we diagnosed the patient with pituitary tuberculoma presenting with pituitary dysfunction. Following treatment with antituberculous drugs, the pituitary hormone function normalized and the pituitary tuberculoma disappeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Japan
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Hiraiwa T, Nagamatsu A, Akuzawa N, Nishikawa M, Shibata T. Relevance of intracellular polarity to accuracy of eukaryotic chemotaxis. Phys Biol 2014; 11:056002. [DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/11/5/056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hashimoto T, Ajimura S, Beer G, Bhang H, Bragadireanu M, Buehler P, Busso L, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Enomoto S, Faso D, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda T, Guaraldo C, Hayano RS, Hiraiwa T, Iio M, Iliescu M, Inoue K, Ishiguro Y, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwai M, Iwasaki M, Kato Y, Kawasaki S, Kienle P, Kou H, Ma Y, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Mizoi Y, Morra O, Nagae T, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Piscicchia K, Poli Lener M, Romero Vida A, Sada Y, Sakaguchi A, Sakuma F, Sato M, Scordo A, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vazquez Doce O, Widmann E, Wuenschek BK, Yamaga T, Yamazaki T, Yim H, Zhang Q, Zmeska J. A search for the K−ppbound state in the 3He( K−in-flight, n) reaction at J-PARC. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146609008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sada Y, Ajimura S, Beer G, Bhang H, Bragadireanu M, Buehler P, Busso L, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Enomoto S, Faso D, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda T, Guaraldo C, Hashimoto T, Hayano RS, Hiraiwa T, Iio M, Iliescu M, Inoue K, Ishiguro Y, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwai M, Iwasaki M, Kato Y, Kawasaki S, Kienle P, Kou H, Ma Y, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Mizoi Y, Morra O, Nagae T, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Piscicchia K, Poli Lener M, Romero Vidal A, Sakaguchi A, Sakuma F, Sato M, Scordo A, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vazquez Doce O, Widmann E, Weunschek BK, Yamaga T, Yamazaki T, Yim H, Zhang Q, Zmeskal J. Search for the K−ppbound state via the in-flight 3He( K−, n) reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20148102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hiraiwa T, Tsujimoto N, Tanimoto K, Terasaki J, Amino N, Hanafusa T. Use of color Doppler ultrasonography to measure thyroid blood flow and differentiate graves' disease from painless thyroiditis. Eur Thyroid J 2013; 2:120-6. [PMID: 24783050 PMCID: PMC3821509 DOI: 10.1159/000350560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) has not yet been established as a method to investigate the pathogenesis of thyrotoxicosis. OBJECTIVES Our first objective was to determine whether the measurement of peak systolic blood-flow velocity in the superior thyroid artery (STV) and thyroid tissue blood flow (TBF) using CDU could differentiate Graves' disease (GD) from painless thyroiditis (PT). The second objective was to examine the factors mediating increased blood flow to the thyroid gland in GD. METHODS Recruited patients had untreated GD or PT and visited the Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, between April 1, 2006 and May 31, 2010. Age, gender, blood pressure, pulse rate, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine, TSH receptor antibody and thyroid volume were evaluated in patients. In addition, bilateral measurements of STV, TBF and peak systolic velocity in the common carotid artery (CCV) were also performed. TBF was quantified by calculating the ratio of blood-flow pixels to total pixels in the region of interest using sagittal section images of the thyroid gland. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the ability of STV and TBF measurements to differentiate GD from PT. RESULTS For the average of STV measured on both sides, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.956. For the average of TBF measured on both sides, the AUC was 0.920. At an average STV cut-off value of 43 cm/s, the sensitivity to discriminate GD from PT was 0.87 and the specificity was 1.00. At an average TBF cut-off value of 3.8%, the sensitivity was 0.71 and the specificity was 1.00. In the GD group, neither blood pressure nor pulse rate correlated with the average STV or TBF. Moreover, there was no correlation between STV and CCV or between TBF and CCV on either side. However, STV was correlated with TBF (right side: R = 0.47; left side: R = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that STV and TBF are useful for differentiating GD from PT. Furthermore, the increased STV and TBF found in GD are not related to hyperthyroidism-induced increases in systolic blood pressure, pulse rate or CCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Hiraiwa Thyroid Clinic, Ibaraki City, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
- *Tetsuya Hiraiwa, Hiraiwa Thyroid Clinic, 6-10-1F Ohte-chou, Ibaraki City, Osaka 567-0883 (Japan), E-Mail
| | - Naoyuki Tsujimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
| | - Jungo Terasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
| | | | - Toshiaki Hanafusa
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Japan
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Hiraiwa T, Baba A, Shibata T. Theoretical model for cell migration with gradient sensing and shape deformation. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2013; 36:9846. [PMID: 23572335 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Amoeboid cells take various shapes during migration, depending on the cell type and its environment. Deformability of the cell shape can then affect the migrating behavior. In this article, we introduce a theoretical model of chemotactic cell migration with elliptical shape deformation. Based on the model, we calculate the stationary distributions of the migration directions analytically. As a result, we find that the distributions show different characteristics depending on the difference in the interdependence of the internal polarity, cell morphology and gradient sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Chuo-ku, Kobe 565-0871, Hyogo, Japan.
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Ito M, Kitanaka A, Arishima T, Kudo T, Nishihara E, Kubota S, Amino N, Hiraiwa T, Hanafusa T, Miyauchi A. Effect of L-thyroxine replacement on apolipoprotein B-48 in overt and subclinical hypothyroid patients. Endocr J 2013; 60:65-71. [PMID: 22986485 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein B-48 (ApoB-48) is a constituent of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants, and is thought to be one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis. We evaluated the effect of L-thyroxine (L-T(4)) replacement on serum ApoB-48 levels in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Eighteen patients with overt hypothyroidism (OH) and 18 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) participated in the study. The lipid profiles, including ApoB-48, were measured in patients with hypothyroidism before and 3 months after L-T(4) replacement. After L-T(4) replacement, the serum concentrations of all lipoproteins, exclusive of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), were significantly decreased in patients with OH. In patents with SH, the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and ApoB-48 decreased significantly after L-T(4) replacement. The serum levels of triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA-1), and Lp(a) did not change significantly. In all 36 patients, the reduction in the ApoB-48 levels correlated significantly with the reduction in TSH levels (r = 0.39, P<0.05). This study showed clearly that L-T(4) replacement might reduce serum levels of ApoB-48 in both OH and SH patients. Such altered serum levels of ApoB-48 in patients with OH and SH may be related to the disturbed metabolism of chylomicron remnants in patients with hypothyroidism.
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Baba A, Hiraiwa T, Shibata T. Directional sensing of deformed cells under faint gradients. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 86:060901. [PMID: 23367886 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We consider the physical limit of the directional sensing ability of living cells, as in chemotaxis, under a low concentration and shallow chemoattractant gradient. Elliptic cells sense the direction, which is a stochastic variable of a characteristic distribution with peaks at directions not necessarily to the gradient. The peak positions depend on the information of the gradient that cells use to infer the direction and also the shape and orientation of cells. Cells of different shapes may use different inference strategies to increase their directional sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Baba
- Laboratories for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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Yamamoto N, Ishizawa K, Ishikawa M, Yamanaka G, Yamanaka T, Murakami S, Hiraiwa T, Okumiya K, Ishine M, Matsubayashi K, Otsuka K. Cognitive function with subclinical hypothyroidism in elderly people without dementia: one year follow up. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 12:164-5. [PMID: 22188501 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Tanimoto K, Hiraiwa T, Ibata R, Terasaki J, Soyama A, Katsumata T, Hanafusa T. Intravascular and intra-atrial extension of follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2011; 21:1281-2. [PMID: 21936675 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Shitara K, Hiraiwa T, Ohta T. Deformable self-propelled domain in an excitable reaction-diffusion system in three dimensions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 83:066208. [PMID: 21797462 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.066208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We derive a set of equations of motion for an isolated domain in an excitable reaction-diffusion system in three dimensions. In the singular limit where the interface is infinitesimally thin, the motion of the center of mass coupled with deformation is investigated near the drift bifurcation where a motionless domain becomes unstable and undergoes migration. This is an extension of our previous theory in two dimensions. We show that there are three basic motions of a domain, straight motion, rotating motion, and helical motion. The last one is a characteristic of three dimensions. The phase diagram of these three solutions is given in the parameter space of the original reaction-diffusion equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shitara
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Tanimoto K, Onda S, Sawaki H, Hiraiwa T, Sano H, Ohnishi M, Terasaki J, Hanafusa T. Hypopituitarism in a patient with transsphenoidal cephalocele: longitudinal changes in endocrinological abnormalities. Endocr J 2011; 58:193-8. [PMID: 21325746 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k10e-405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a 21-year-old man with severe fatigue due to hypopituitarism. At the age of 6 years, he was diagnosed with short stature due to a GH deficiency accompanied by a sphenoid cystic lesion. Laboratory findings and provocative tests for pituitary hormone function revealed ACTH, LH, FSH, TSH, and GH deficiency. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed transsphenoidal cephalocele due to a defect in the floor of the sella turcica. At 6 years, he only had severe GH deficiency and poor response of LH to LHRH. Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction and pituitary herniation have progressed subsequently; we observed a longitudinal progression of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction caused by transsphenoidal cephalocele. This dysfunction requires the selection of a treatment that will not aggravate the condition further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan.
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Abstract
The linear viscoelastic behaviors of single semiflexible chains with internal friction are studied based on the wormlike-chain model. It is shown that the frequency dependence of the complex compliance in the high frequency limit is the same as that of the Voigt model. This asymptotic behavior appears also for the Rouse model with internal friction. We derive the characteristic times for both the high frequency limit and the low frequency limit and compare the results with those obtained by Khatri et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Hiraiwa T, Hanafusa T. [Diagnostic approach to thyroid diseases. 4. Progress in ultrasonography of the thyroid and its application]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2010; 99:726-732. [PMID: 20578358 DOI: 10.2169/naika.99.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Iio M, Bhang H, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Doce O, Enomoto S, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Guaraldo C, Hashimoto T, Hayano R, Hiraiwa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwasaki M, Kou H, Kienle P, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Sakuma F, Sato M, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vidal A, Widmann E, Wunschek B, Yamazaki T, Zmeskal J. Precision Spectroscopy of Kaonic Helium-3 Atoms X-rays at J-PARC. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100303017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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