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Posada LF, Arteaga-Figueroa LA, Adarve-Rengifo I, Cadavid M, Zapata S, Álvarez JC. Endophytic microbial diversity associated with commercial cultivar and crop wild relative banana variety could provide clues for microbial community management. Microbiol Res 2024; 287:127862. [PMID: 39121704 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Endophytes, microorganisms inhabiting internal plant tissues, play a pivotal role in plant growth and disease resistance. Moreover, previous studies have established that Musa plants derive disease protective functions from their microbiome. Notably, one of the crop wild relatives of banana, the Calcutta 4 variety, exhibits resistance to various phytopathogens such as Pseudocercospora fijiensis (P. fijiensis), while the Williams commercial cultivar (cv.) is highly susceptible. Therefore, this study aims primarily to characterize and compare the endophytic microbiota composition of Calcutta 4 and Williams banana plants when grown sympatrically. Alongside, differences in endophytic microbiome between plant sections (shoot or roots), growth phases (in vitro or greenhouse) and fitness factors such as the addition of plant growth-promoting bacteria Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 (T2 treatment) or infection by P. fijiensis (T3 treatment) were examined. Both culture-dependent and -independent techniques were used to evaluate these differences and assess the culturability of banana endophytes under varying conditions. Microbial cultures resulted in 331 isolates distributed across 54 genera when all treatments were evaluated, whereas 16 S sequencing produced 9510 ASVs assigned in 1456 genera. Alpha and beta diversity exhibited significant differences based on plant section, with an increase in phylogenetic diversity observed in plants with pathogen infection (T3) compared to control plants (T1). Additionally, four differentially abundant genera associated with nitrogen metabolism were identified in T3 plants and seven genera showed differential abundance when comparing varieties. When culture-dependent and -independent methods were compared, it was found that isolates represented 3.7 % of the genera detected by culture-independent methods, accounting for 12-41 % of the total data depending on the treatment. These results are crucial for proposing management strategies derived from crop wild relatives to enhance the resilience of susceptible commercial varieties against fitness factors affecting crop development. Additionally, they help to decipher the pathogenic effects of P. fijiensis in banana plants and advance the understanding of how plant domestication influences the endosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa F Posada
- Grupo de Investigación Zentech. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis A Arteaga-Figueroa
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Isabel Adarve-Rengifo
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria Cadavid
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Javier C Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia.
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Lozano-Andrade CN, Nogueira CG, Henriksen NNSE, Wibowo M, Jarmusch SA, Kovács ÁT. Establishment of a transparent soil system to study Bacillus subtilis chemical ecology. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:110. [PMID: 37838789 PMCID: PMC10576751 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial secondary metabolites are structurally diverse molecules that drive microbial interaction by altering growth, cell differentiation, and signaling. Bacillus subtilis, a Gram-positive soil-dwelling bacterium, produces a wealth of secondary metabolites, among them, lipopeptides have been vastly studied by their antimicrobial, antitumor, and surfactant activities. However, the natural functions of secondary metabolites in the lifestyles of the producing organism remain less explored under natural conditions, i.e. in soil. Here, we describe a hydrogel-based transparent soil system to investigate B. subtilis chemical ecology under controllable soil-like conditions. The transparent soil matrix allows the growth of B. subtilis and other isolates gnotobiotically and under nutrient-controlled conditions. Additionally, we show that transparent soil allows the detection of lipopeptides production and dynamics by HPLC-MS, and MALDI-MS imaging, along with fluorescence imaging of 3-dimensional bacterial assemblages. We anticipate that this affordable and highly controllable system will promote bacterial chemical ecology research and help to elucidate microbial interactions driven by secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla G Nogueira
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Mario Wibowo
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Scott A Jarmusch
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ákos T Kovács
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Lipopeptide Biosurfactants from Bacillus spp.: Types, Production, Biological Activities, and Applications in Food. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3930112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are a functionally and structurally heterogeneous group of biomolecules produced by multiple filamentous fungi, yeast, and bacteria, and characterized by their distinct surface and emulsifying ability. The genus Bacillus is well studied for biosurfactant production as it produces various types of lipopeptides, for example, lichenysins, bacillomycin, fengycins, and surfactins. Bacillus lipopeptides possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor, immunosuppressant, and antidiabetic, in addition to their use in skincare. Moreover, Bacillus lipopeptides are also involved in various food products to increase the antimicrobial, surfactant, and emulsification impact. From the previously published articles, it can be concluded that biosurfactants have strong potential to be used in food, healthcare, and agriculture. In this review article, we discuss the versatile functions of lipopeptide Bacillus species with particular emphasis on the biological activities and their applications in food.
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Pedraza-Herrera LA, Lopez- Carrascal CE, Uribe Vélez D. Mecanismos de acción de <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (Bacillaceae) contra microorganismos fitopatógenos durante su interacción con plantas. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v25n1.75045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Algunos Bacillus spp. promotores de crecimiento vegetal son microorganismos reconocidos como agentes de control biológico que forman una estructura de resistencia denominada endospora, que les permite sobrevivir en ambientes hostiles y estar en casi todos los agroecosistemas. Estos microorganismos han sido reportados como alternativa al uso de agroquímicos. Sus mecanismos de acción se pueden dividir en: producción de compuestos antimicrobianos, como son péptidos de síntesis no ribosomal (NRPs) y policétidos (PKs); producción de hormonas, capacidad de colonización, formación de biopelículas y competencia por espacio y nutrientes; síntesis de enzimas líticas como quitinasas, glucanasas, protesasas y acil homoserin lactonasas (AHSL); producción de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (VOCs); e inducción de resistencia sistémica (ISR). Estos mecanismos han sido reportados en la literatura en diversos estudios, principalmente llevados a cabo a nivel in vitro. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que contemplan la interacción dentro del sistema tritrófico: planta – microorganismos patógenos – Bacillus sp. (agente biocontrolador), a nivel in vivo. Es importante destacar que la actividad biocontroladora de los Bacillus es diferente cuando se estudia bajo condiciones de laboratorio, las cuales están sesgadas para lograr la máxima expresión de los mecanismos de acción. Por otra parte, a nivel in vivo, la interacción con la planta y el patógeno juegan un papel fundamental en la expresión de dichos mecanismos de acción, siendo esta más cercana a la situación real de campo. Esta revisión se centra en los mecanismos de acción de los Bacillus promotores de crecimiento vegetal, expresados bajo la interacción con la planta y el patógeno.
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Horak I, Engelbrecht G, Rensburg PJ, Claassens S. Microbial metabolomics: essential definitions and the importance of cultivation conditions for utilizingBacillusspecies as bionematicides. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:326-343. [PMID: 30739384 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Horak
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
| | - G. Engelbrecht
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
| | | | - S. Claassens
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
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Gao Y, Liang J, Xiao R, Zang P, Zhao Y, Zhang L. Effect of four trace elements on Paenibacillus polymyxa Pp-7250 proliferation, activity and colonization in ginseng. AMB Express 2018; 8:164. [PMID: 30311028 PMCID: PMC6182021 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements are essential nutrients for the growth of microorganisms and play an important role in their proliferation. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the optimal C and N sources for large-scale culture of Paenibacillus polymyxa, and to screen trace elements that can promote their proliferation and improve the activity. First, the concentration of Paenibacillus polymyxa Pp-7250, the number of spores were used as evaluation index. It was found that the four trace elements Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ could promote the proliferation of Paenibacillus polymyxa at their optimal concentrations. Next, when using wheat starch as carbon source and soybean meal as nitrogen source, it was most suitable for large-scale culture. Finally, field experiments were carried out, and it was discovered that the combination of four trace elements plus the wheat soybean meal group could significantly improve the disease prevention, growth promotion ability of Pp-7250 and its colonization in ginseng. Moreover, the ability of Pp-7250 to transform ginseng roots and leaf saponins were also significantly improved. The group also affected the rhizosphere bacterial community of ginseng and the number showed a significant promotion or inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Ruxue Xiao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Pu Zang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
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Shafi J, Sun Z, Ji M, Gu Z, Ahmad W. ANN and RSM based modelling for optimization of cell dry mass of Bacillus sp. strain B67 and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1379359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Shafi
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhonghua Sun
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingshan Ji
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zumin Gu
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, BZU Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Layyah, Pakistan
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González-Jaramillo LM, Aranda FJ, Teruel JA, Villegas-Escobar V, Ortiz A. Antimycotic activity of fengycin C biosurfactant and its interaction with phosphatidylcholine model membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 156:114-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Geissler M, Oellig C, Moss K, Schwack W, Henkel M, Hausmann R. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) for the simultaneous quantification of the cyclic lipopeptides Surfactin, Iturin A and Fengycin in culture samples of Bacillus species. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1044-1045:214-224. [PMID: 28153674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method has been established for the identification and simultaneous quantification of the cyclic lipopeptides Surfactin, Iturin A and Fengycin in Bacillus culture samples. B. subtilis DSM 10T, B. amyloliquefaciens DSM 7T and B. methylotrophicus DSM 23117 were used as model strains. Culture samples indicated that a sample pretreatment is necessary in order to run HPTLC analyses. A threefold extraction of the cell-free broth with the solvent chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) gave best results, when all three lipopeptides were included in the analysis. For the mobile phase, a two-step development was considered most suitable. The first development is conducted with chloroform/methanol/water (65:25:4, v/v/v) over a migration distance of 60mm and the second development using butanol/ethanol/0.1% acetic acid (1:4:1, v/v/v) over a migration distance of 60mm, as well. The method was validated according to Validation of Analytical Procedures: Methodology (FDA Guidance) with respect to the parameters linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy and recovery rate. A linear range with R2>0.99 was obtained for all samples from 30ng/zone up to 600ng/zone. The results indicated that quantification of Surfactin has to be performed after the first development (hRF=44), while Fengycin is quantified after the second development (hRF=36, hRF range=20-40). For Iturin A, the results demonstrated that quantification is in favor after the first (hRF=19) development, but also possible after the second (hRF=59) development. LOD and LOQ for Surfactin and Iturin A after the first development, and Fengycin after the second development were determined to be 16ng/zone and 47ng/zone, 13ng/zone and 39ng/zone, and 27ng/zone and 82ng/zone, respectively. Results further revealed the highly accurate and precise character of the developed method with a good inter- and intraday reproducibility. For the precision and accuracy, expressed as % recovery and relative standard deviation, respectively, the determined values did not exceed ±15% as specified by the FDA Guidance. The recovery assay conducted for samples obtained from two strains with the solvent chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v), which was determined to be most suitable if all three lipopeptides are of interest, gave recoveries of 96.5% and 99.6%, 68.6% and 71.6%, and 102.5% and 95.2% for Surfactin, Iturin A and Fengycin, respectively. Overall, a suitable and reliable method for the simultaneous quantification of the lipopeptides Surfactin, Iturin A and Fengycin in biological samples using HPTLC was successfully developed and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareen Geissler
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Oellig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karin Moss
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schwack
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marius Henkel
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Hausmann
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Ganjali Dashti M, Abdeshahian P, Sudesh K, Phua KK. Optimization of Salmonella Typhi biofilm assay on polypropylene microtiter plates using response surface methodology. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:477-487. [PMID: 26963754 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1135328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop an optimized assay for Salmonella Typhi biofilm that mimics the environment of the gallbladder as an experimental model for chronic typhoid fever. Multi-factorial assays are difficult to optimize using traditional one-factor-at-a-time optimization methods. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize six key variables involved in S. Typhi biofilm formation on cholesterol-coated polypropylene 96-well microtiter plates. The results showed that bile (1.22%), glucose (2%), cholesterol (0.05%) and potassium chloride (0.25%) were critical factors affecting the amount of biofilm produced, but agitation (275 rpm) and sodium chloride (0.5%) had antagonistic effects on each other. Under these optimum conditions the maximum OD reading for biofilm formation was 3.4 (λ600 nm), and the coefficients of variation for intra-plate and inter-plate assays were 3% (n = 20) and 5% (n = 8), respectively. These results showed that RSM is an effective approach for biofilm assay optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ganjali Dashti
- a Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Penang , Malaysia
- b Enteric Diseases Research Cluster, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Penang , Malaysia
| | - P Abdeshahian
- c Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM , Skudai , Johor , Malaysia
| | - K Sudesh
- a Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Penang , Malaysia
| | - K K Phua
- b Enteric Diseases Research Cluster, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Penang , Malaysia
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