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Mansour MMA, Mohamed WA, El-Settawy AAA, Böhm M, Salem MZM, Farahat MGS. Long-term fungal inoculation of Ficus sycomorus and Tectona grandis woods with Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium chrysogenum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10453. [PMID: 37380674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, two molds, Aspergillus flavus (ACC# LC325160) and Penicillium chrysogenum (ACC# LC325162) were inoculated into two types of wood to be examined using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and computerized tomography (CT) scanning. Ficus sycomorus, a non-durable wood, and Tectona grandis, a durable wood, were the two wood blocks chosen, and they were inoculated with the two molds and incubated for 36 months at an ambient temperature of 27 ± 2 °C and 70 ± 5% relative humidity (RH). The surface and a 5-mm depth of inoculated wood blocks were histologically evaluated using SEM and CT images. The results showed that A. flavus and P. chrysogenum grew enormously on and inside of F. sycomorus wood blocks, but T. grandis wood displayed resistance to mold growth. The atomic percentages of C declined from 61.69% (control) to 59.33% in F. sycomorus wood samples inoculated with A. flavus while O increased from 37.81 to 39.59%. P. chrysogenum caused the C and O atomic percentages in F. sycomorus wood to drop to 58.43%, and 26.34%, respectively. C with atomic percentages in Teak wood's C content fell from 70.85 to 54.16%, and 40.89%, after being inoculated with A. flavus and P. chrysogenum. The O atomic percentage rose from 28.78 to 45.19% and 52.43%, when inoculated with A. flavus and P. chrysogenum, respectively. Depending on how durable each wood was, The examined fungi were able to attack the two distinct types of wood in various deterioration patterns. T. grandis wood overtaken by the two molds under study appears to be a useful material for a variety of uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa M A Mansour
- Department of Conservation and Restoration, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Wafaa A Mohamed
- Department of Conservation and Restoration, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A A El-Settawy
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Martin Böhm
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamed Z M Salem
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
| | - Marwa G S Farahat
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
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Shalaby MA, Matter IA, Gharieb MM, Darwesh OM. Biosorption performance of the multi-metal tolerant fungus Aspergillus sp. for removal of some metallic nanoparticles from aqueous solutions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16125. [PMID: 37251841 PMCID: PMC10209406 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide spread of nanotechnology applications currently carries with it the possibility of polluting the environment with the residues of these nanomaterials, especially those in the metallic form. Therefore, it is necessary to study the possibility of treating and removing various nanoscale metal pollutants in environmentally friendly ways. The present study focused on the isolation of multi-metal tolerant fungi to be applied in the bioremoval of Zn, Fe, Se, and Ag nanoparticles as potential nanoscale metal pollutants. Aspergillus sp. has been isolated as multi-metal tolerant fingus and investigated in the bioremoval of targeted nanometals from their aquoues solutions. The effect of biomass age, pH, and contact time was studied to determine the optimal biosorption conditions for fungal pellets towards metal NPs. The results showed a high percentage of fungal biosorption on the of two-day-old cells, which amounted to 39.3, 52.2, 91.7, and 76.8% of zinc, iron, selenium, and silver, respectively. The pH 7 was recorded the highest percentage of NPs removal for the four studied metals i.e. 38.8, 68.1, 80.4, and 82.0% of Zn-, Fe-, Se- and Ag-NPs, respectively. The contact time required between Aspergillus sp. and the metal nanoparticles to obtain the best adsorption was only 10 min in the case of Zn and Ag, but it was 40 min for both Fe and Se NPs. The efficiency of living fungal pellets in removing the four metallic NPs exceeded that of dead biomass by 1.8, 5.7, 2.5, and 2.5 folds for Zn, Fe, Se and Ag, respectively. However, utilization of dead fungal biomass for metallic NPs removal could be considered more applicable to the actual environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A. Shalaby
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A. Matter
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Osama M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Darwesh OM, Li H, Matter IA. Nano-bioremediation of textile industry wastewater using immobilized CuO-NPs myco-synthesized by a novel Cu-resistant Fusarium oxysporum OSF18. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16694-16706. [PMID: 36184704 PMCID: PMC9908718 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, bionanotechnologies are attracting great interest due to their promising results and potential benefits on many aspects of life. In this study, the objectives was to biosynthesis CuO-NPs using cell-free extract(s) of copper-resistant fungi and use them in bioremediation of textile industry wastewater. Out of 18 copper-resistant fungal isolates, the novel fungus strain Fusarium oxysporum OSF18 was selected for this purpose. This strain showed a high efficiency in extracellular reducing copper ions to their nano-form. The myco-synthesized CuO-NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, HRTEM, FTIR, and XRD and were found to be spherical nanocrystals with the size range of 21-47 nm. The bio-synthesized CuO-NPs showed promising antimicrobial activity as well as high efficiency in removing heavy metals and textile dye from industrial wastewater. The myco-synthesized CuO-NPs immobilized in alginate beads exhibited superior microbial disinfection (99.995%), heavy metals removal (93, 55, and 30 % for Pb, Cr, and Ni, respectively), and dye decolorization (90%). Such results represent a promising step to produce an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and easy-to handle tool for the bioremediation of textile industry wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Hao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ibrahim A Matter
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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Advances in the Physico-Chemical, Antimicrobial and Angiogenic Properties of Graphene-Oxide/Cellulose Nanocomposites for Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020338. [PMID: 36839660 PMCID: PMC9961167 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form (rGO) have recently attracted a fascinating interest due to their physico-chemical properties, which have opened up new and interesting opportunities in a wide range of biomedical applications, such as wound healing. It is worth noting that GO and rGO may offer a convenient access to its ready dispersion within various polymeric matrices (such as cellulose and its derivative forms), owing to their large surface area, based on a carbon skeleton with many functional groups (i.e., hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxy bridge, and carbonyl moieties). This results in new synergic properties due to the presence of both components (GO or rGO and polymers), acting at different length-scales. Furthermore, they have shown efficient antimicrobial and angiogenic properties, mostly related to the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are advantageous in wound care management. For this reason, GO or rGO integration in cellulose-based matrixes have allowed for designing highly advanced multifunctional hybrid nanocomposites with tailored properties. The current review aims to discuss a potential relationship between structural and physico-chemical properties (i.e., size, edge density, surface chemistry, hydrophilicity) of the nanocomposites with antimicrobials and angiogenic mechanisms that synergically influence the wound healing phenomenon, by paying particular attention to recent findings of GO or rGO/cellulose nanocomposites. Accordingly, after providing a general overview of cellulose and its derivatives, the production methods used for GO and rGO synthesis, the mechanisms that guide antimicrobial and angiogenic processes of tissue repair, as well as the most recent and remarkable outcomes on GO/cellulose scaffolds in wound healing applications, will be presented.
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Arif S, Nait M’Barek H, Oulghazi S, Audenaert K, Hajjaj H. Lignocellulose-degrading fungi newly isolated from central Morocco are potent biocatalysts for olive pomace valorization. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:704. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Qualitative Screening of Yeast Biodiversity for Hydrolytic Enzymes Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of a Coprophage “Gymnopleurus sturmi” and Dung of Ruminants. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, thirty yeast strains isolated from the gut of coprophagous “Gymnopleurus sturmi” and twenty-four from the dung of ruminants were shown to be producers of cellulases. Cellulolytic yeast isolates could also produce other hydrolytic enzymes such as pectinase, lipase, β-glucosidase, catalase, inulinase, urease, gelatinase, and protease. The oroduction of amylase was present in only one isolate of dung of ruminants. On the other hand, the production of tannase was absent in these isolates. All the yeasts isolated from two sources could utilize various carbon sources, including sorbitol, sucrose, and raffinose, and withstand high concentrations of glucose (300 g/L), salt (100 g/L), and exogenous ethanol. They could grow in a wide pH range of 3 to 11. The growth was stable up to a temperature of 40 °C for isolates from the gut of coprophage and 37 °C for the yeast from the dung of ruminants. These activities and growing conditions were similar to the diet of coprophagous insects and the composition of ruminant manure, likely because the adaptation and distribution of these microorganisms depend on the phenology and trophic preferences of these insects.
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Hasanin MS, Abd El-Aziz ME, El-Nagar I, Hassan YR, Youssef AM. Green enhancement of wood plastic composite based on agriculture wastes compatibility via fungal enzymes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19197. [PMID: 36357465 PMCID: PMC9649651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21705-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the production of natural fiber plastic composites (NFPCs) to reduce environmental pollution with agricultural and plastic waste. Where the NFPCs were prepared from waste/pure polyethylene (WPE) (pure polyethylene (50%)/recycled polyethylene (50%)) and modified sunflower waste via an eco-friendly and economic biological process. The sunflower fibers (SF) were treated via whole selective fungal isolate, namely, Rhizopus oryzae (acc no. OM912662) using two different incubation conditions; submerged (Sub), and solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance the fibers' compatibility with WPE. The treated and untreated fibers were added to WPE with various concentrations (10 and 20 wt%). The morphology and structure of fibers were characterised by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). Furthermore, the mechanical properties, morphology, biodegradation and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) for the prepared NFPCs were investigated. The results showed that compatibility, mechanical properties and biodegradation of NFPCs were improved by the addition of sunflower fibers treated by SSF conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Hasanin
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E. Abd El-Aziz
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam El-Nagar
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Youssef R. Hassan
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Youssef
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Hasanin MS, Hashem AH, Abu Hashish HM, Abdelraof M. A novel pressed coal from citrus and cooking oil wastes using fungi. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:95. [PMID: 38647781 PMCID: PMC10992033 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays renewable energy with low prices is a global target that has taken the attention to compare alternatives energy sources with fossil fuels. Therefore, this study was established to find suitable and sustainable alternative low-cost fuels source. Cooking oil waste (COW) was mixed with non-pretreated citrus tree fibers (CTF) (0.5 mL to 1 g ratio) and pressed to formulate coal (CTF/COW). Otherwise, this mixture was subjected to in situ fungal pretreated using Aspergillus flavus isolate to simplify the mixture composition and pressed to offer in a usable form with enhancing their heating value for the first time. CTF/COW was characterized using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal analysis (TGA) before and after treatment. The fungal isolate was observed with enzyme productivity and activity of CMCase, avicelase, xylanase, mannanase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, lignin peroxidase and lipase according to enzyme assays and the chemical compositions of CTF before and after fungal treatment, where the best PH for enzymes extraction was between 5 and 7. The fungal enzymes increased the heating value by about two and half folds in comparison with non-pretreated coal. Moreover, the calorific value of tCTF/COW was 43,422 kJ/kg, which was higher than CTF recorded 18,214 kJ/kg and COW recorded 39,823 kJ/kg. Our result suggests that fungal treatment of the mixture of citrus trees and cooking oil waste presents as a promising low-cost and eco-friendly coal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Hasanin
- Cellulose & Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hassan M Abu Hashish
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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Seerat W, Akram A, Qureshi R, Yaseen G, Mukhtar T, Hanif NQ. Light and scanning electron microscopic characterization of aflatoxins producing
Aspergillus flavus
in the maize crop. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2894-2903. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Seerat
- Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Abida Akram
- Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Rahmatullah Qureshi
- Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, Township campus University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mukhtar
- Department of Plant Pathology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
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Naeem H, Ahmad KS. Fungal and bacterial assisted bioremediation of environmental toxicant (N-[2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl] ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl) benzamide) holding benzamidic genesis elucidating the eco-friendly strategy. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:711-720. [PMID: 35417042 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fluopyram (FLP) containing benzamidic genesis utilized for seed detoxification and as a foliar application is associated with low profound toxicity in mammals but long-term toxicology investigations have revealed that FLP can stimulate tumor growth. FLP attenuation has been the first time scrutinized employing microorganisms originally identified from soils. Biodegrative assays of four fungal strains; Aspergillus fumigatus (AFu), Aspergillus terreus (AT), Aspergillus flavus (AF), Aspergillus niger (AN), and three bacterial strains: Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) Streptococcus pyogenes (SPy), and Escherichia coli (EC), were employed. Ten milligrams per liter FLP concentration was made employing separately microbe and analyzed for 35 days. The analytical technique was inclusive of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatography procedure endeavored to test FLP biodegradation. SP and AT exhibited maximal potentiality to metabolize FLP. HPLC is indicative of several metabolites formations. FLP degradation by AFu, EC, SPy, AN, AF, AT, SP was observed to be 24.2%, 82.7%, 89.8%, 90.7%, 91.3%, 95.4%, and 99.3%, explicating the efficacy of all strains employed in FLP degradation. Current investigations are indicative of significant bioremediation strategies for xenobiotic mitigation. Furthermore, the current examinations are inclusive of the augmentation of biodegradative assays to be utilized on a large scale for efficient environmental management cost-effectively and sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamna Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Ali SM, Soliman NA, Abdal-Aziz SAA, Abdel-Fattah YR. Cloning of cellulase gene using metagenomic approach of soils collected from Wadi El Natrun, an extremophilic desert valley in Egypt. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 20:20. [PMID: 35137293 PMCID: PMC8825895 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Wadi El Natrun microorganisms have been considered as a new resource for natural products due to its extreme condition of salinity and alkalinity. Therefore, this study was devoted to generate metagemic library from soils collected from such an extreme environment in order to clone a novel cellulase for physique industrial applications. Results Total soil-DNA was successfully extracted, and then digested by different restriction enzymes. Purified fragments ranged ~ 200–6500 bp were ligated and were cloned into plasmid cloning vector (pUC19) by using Escherichia coli DH5α (E. coli) host cells. A constructed metagenomic library composed of 270 clones was screened on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar plate where the active clones had been characterized by the formation of the yellowish halo zone. Thereafter, clone 1 was selected as the most active as being based on cellulase activity quantification (19 μ/ml). Plasmid related to clone 1 encoded cellSNSY gene of approximately 1.5 kb was subjected to molecular characterization; the obtained partial sequence of 861 bps encoded 287 amino acids showing 76% similarity to the endoglucanase gene of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The recombinant cellSNSY was expressed under lacz promoter at 1 mM of isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), giving 21 μ/ml cellulase after ~ 27 h. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and an activity staining of the recombinant cellSNSY which revealed an active band with a molecular mass ~ 59 kDa appeared in the induced sample. The maximum enzyme activity of crude cellSNSY was observed at 45 °C and for a pH of 8.5. Interestingly, the enzyme activity was slightly inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and methanol. It showed high resistance to the tested heavy metals and the surfactant which ordered Zn> (SDS,Fe)>Mn>Cu. Conclusions This study established an easy and a skillful way to clone/express a new found cellulase gene(s) under lacZ promoter. The isolated recombinant cellSNSY showed 76% similarity to endoglucanase gene, and the enzyme showed tolerance to the mostly tested agents including heavy metals, surfactant, solvents, and EDTA. Additionally, the studied recombinant showed a high stability up to 55 °C and for alkaline pH 8.5. These features make it an ample and viable for many applications.
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Atiwesh G, Parrish CC, Banoub J, Le TAT. Lignin degradation by microorganisms: A review. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 38:e3226. [PMID: 34854261 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is an abundant plant-based biopolymer that has found applications in a variety of industries from construction to bioethanol production. This recalcitrant branched polymer is naturally degraded by many different species of microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria. These microbial lignin degradation mechanisms provide a host of possibilities to overcome the challenges of using harmful chemicals to degrade lignin biowaste in many industries. The classes and mechanisms of different microbial lignin degradation options available in nature form the primary focus of the present review. This review first discusses the chemical building blocks of lignin and the industrial sources and applications of this multifaceted polymer. The review further places emphasis on the degradation of lignin by natural means, discussing in detail the lignin degradation activities of various fungal and bacterial species. The lignin-degrading enzymes produced by various microbial species, specifically white-rot fungi, brown-rot fungi, and bacteria, are described. In the end, possible directions for future lignin biodegradation applications and research investigations have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Atiwesh
- Environmental Science Program, Memorial University of Newfoundland. St. John's, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Christopher C Parrish
- Chemistry Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.,Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Joseph Banoub
- Chemistry Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.,Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Science Branch, Special Projects, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Tuyet-Anh T Le
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.,Environmental Policy Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.,Forestry Economics Research Centre, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Wang X, Hou R, Zhang Q, Darwesh OM, Gao M, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Enhancing the Stability of Asphalt Emulsion Using Environmentally Friendly Cationically Modified Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (CMHEC) at Different Concentrations and pH Values. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2020-2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The cationically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) was synthesized successfully and applied for preparing the cationic asphalt emulsion. The apparent viscosity and phase separation of the emulsion were studied at different CMHEC concentrations and pH values. The results indicated that the apparent viscosity of the emulsion was increased with increasing CMHEC concentration, and the phase separation was significantly reduced correspondingly. In addition, the effect of pH value on the emulsion quality was involved. The apparent viscosity of the emulsion showed the tendency to decrease firstly and then increase to the minimum value at pH 2. All results indicated that CMHEC has excellent potential in the manufacture of asphalt emulsion and the research of the pH effect on the formulation of asphalt emulsion has essential significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Runhan Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Osama M. Darwesh
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, National Research Centre, Dokki , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mengyao Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Zixu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
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Yousef S, Kuliešienė N, Sakalauskaitė S, Nenartavičius T, Daugelavičius R. Sustainable green strategy for recovery of glucose from end-of-life euro banknotes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 123:23-32. [PMID: 33549877 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Usually, Euro banknotes are made from cotton substrates and their waste is disposed of in landfill or is incinerated. In order to valorize the end-of-life euro banknotes (ELEBs), the substrates were used in this research for cellulase production via submerged fungal fermentation (SFF), and the resultant fungal cellulase w s used in ELEBs hydrolysis process for extraction of glucose. The experiments were started by exposing the ELEBs to different types of pretreatments, including milling process, alkali (NaOH/urea solution), and acid leaching to remove any contamination (e.g. dyes) and to decrease the crystallinity of cellulose (the main element in cotton substrate) thus increasing the degradation rate during the fermentation process. The effect of pretreatments on the morphology and chemical composition of ELEBs was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry. Afterwards, Trichoderma reesei-DSM76 was used for cellulase production from the treated ELEBs with high cellulase activity (12.97 FPU/g). The resultant cellulase was upscaled in a bioreactor and used in ELEBs hydrolysis. Finally, the results showed that the optimized pretreatment methods (milling followed by leaching process) significantly improved the cellulase activity and glucose recovery, which was estimated by 96%. According to the obtained results, the developed strategy has a great potential for conversion of ELEBs into a glucose product that could be used in biofuels and bioplastics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Yousef
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51424 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Materials Science, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - Neringa Kuliešienė
- Department of Biochemistry, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Zhang M, Fan S, Hao M, Hou H, Zheng H, Darwesh OM. Improving the production of fungal exopolysaccharides with application of repeated batch fermentation technology coupling with foam separation in the presence of surfactant. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Isolation and Optimization of Monascus ruber OMNRC45 for Red Pigment Production and Evaluation of the Pigment as a Food Colorant. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10248867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The color of food is a critical factor influencing its general acceptance. Owing to the effects of chemical colorants on health, current research is directly aimed at producing natural and healthy food colorants from microbial sources. A pigment-producing fungal isolate, obtained from soil samples and selected based on its rapidity and efficiency in producing red pigments, was identified as Monascus ruber OMNRC45. The culture conditions were optimized to enhance pigment production under submerged fermentation. The optimal temperature and pH for the highest red pigment yield were 30 °C and 6.5, respectively. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were rice and peptone, respectively. The usefulness of the pigment produced as a food colorant was evaluated by testing for contamination by the harmful mycotoxin citrinin and assessing its biosafety in mice. In addition, sensory evaluation tests were performed to evaluate the overall acceptance of the pigment as a food colorant. The results showed that M. ruber OMNRC45 was able to rapidly and effectively produce dense natural red pigment under the conditions of submerged fermentation without citrinin production. The findings of the sensory and biosafety assessments indicated the biosafety and applicability of the red Monascus pigment as a food colorant.
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Zhang X, Wang X, Li C, Zhang L, Ning G, Shi W, Zhang X, Yang Z. Ligninolytic enzyme involved in removal of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Fusarium strain ZH-H2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42969-42978. [PMID: 32725566 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of Fusarium sp. strain ZH-H2 to secret lignin peroxidase (LiP), laccase (Lac), and manganese peroxidase (MnP) and degrade high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) was studied. When the fungus was grown in control mineral salt medium for 4 days, LiP and Lac activities were detected at 8871 U L-1 and 5123 U L-1, respectively. In the presence of HMW-PAHs as the sole carbon source, only LiP activity was detectable, and LiP activity had significantly reduced HMW-PAHs at day 7, with a maximum decrease of 85.9%. A strong correlation between LiP activity and HMW-PAHs removal efficiency could be fit into various models, with the highest correlation coefficients obtained for quadratic functions (P < 0.01). When a specific enzyme inhibitor was added, the ability of Fusarium to remove HMW-PAHs was reduced from 85.9 to 66.7%, depending on the inhibitor's concentration. Meanwhile, the determined activity of LiP was reduced from 11.4 to 48.6%. We conclude that in the presence of HMW-PAHs as the only carbon source to support growth, Fusarium ZH-H2 mainly produces LiP but not Lac or MnP for HMW-PAHs degradation. To our knowledge, it was the first time to propose a metabolic lignin peroxidase characterization of HMW-PAHs degradation by Fusarium sp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiu Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohui Ning
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Zhang
- TianJin Xiqing Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, 0710001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Yang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 0710001, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Hebei Province, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People's Republic of China.
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Hashem AH, Suleiman WB, Abu-Elrish GM, El-Sheikh HH. Consolidated Bioprocessing of Sugarcane Bagasse to Microbial Oil by Newly Isolated Oleaginous Fungus: Mortierella wolfii. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Ahmad KS, Gul P, Gul MM. Efficient fungal and bacterial facilitated remediation of thiencarbazone methyl in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109811. [PMID: 32592941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triazole herbicide, Thiencarbazone-methyl (TCM) applied on different crops for weedicidal activity is associated with an inherent toxicity towards bladder and urinary functionality. TCM has been first time explored for its biodegradative behavior utilizing microbes, previously isolated from soils. Simulated bio-transformation assemblies of five fungal strains; Aspergillus flavus (AF), Penicillium chrysogenum (PC), Aspergillus niger (AN), Aspergillus terrus (AT), Aspergillus fumigatus (AFu) and two bacterial strains: Xanthomonas citri (XC), Pseudomonassyringae (PS), were utilized. 10 mg/L TCM concentration was set up utilizing each microbe and analysed for 42 days. TCM bio-degradation was evaluated by UV-Visible spectrophotometery and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Aspergillus terrus (R2 = 0.86) and Penicillium chrysogenum (R2 = 0.88) exhibited highest capability to metabolize TCM while forming intermediate metabolites including; 2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4] triazol-3-one, semicarbazide and urea, methyl 4-isocyanatosulfonyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate. TCM degradation by all strains AF, AFu, AN, PC, AT, PS and XC was found to be 74, 74, 81, 95, 98, 90 and 95%, respectively after 42 days elucidating the effectiveness of all the utilized strains in degrading TCM. Current investigations can impact vital bioremediation approaches for pesticides mitigation from the ecological compartments. Furthermore, present research can be extended to the optimization of the bio-deteriorative assays to be employed on the practical scale for the successful management of environment through sustainable and cost effective ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Palwasha Gul
- Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mahwash Mahar Gul
- Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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20
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Hasanin MS. Sustainable hybrid silica extracted from rice husk with polyvinyl alcohol and nicotinic acid as multi adsorbent for textile wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:26742-26749. [PMID: 32378099 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new eco-friendly compound was prepared for the treatment of textile wastewater containing mixed dyes with various ranges of toxicity. Porous silica was extracted from a black liquor by-product using a simple method and characterized by porous morphology (the pore size ranged between 12 and 41 nm). The silica is the main corrosive agent present in the black liquor; thus, the extraction of silica from the black liquor was considered detoxification process. The extracted porous silica was used as a precursor material to prepare the hybrid material based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder polymer and functionalized by nicotinic acid. The multifunction prepared hybrid was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DTGA, SEM, and EDX. The porous size of the prepared hybrid varied from 96 nm to 620 nm and presents a high thermal stability in comparison with its parent materials. The adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes was carried out. The adsorption kinetics parameters were fitted with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models for methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB), respectively. The adsorption parameters indicated that the Langmuir model is better to describe the adsorption of dyes on the hybrid material. The maximum adsorption capacity was 484 and 771 mg/g for MO and MB, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Hasanin
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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21
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Hasanin MS, Hashem AH, Abd El-Sayed ES, El-Saied H. Green ecofriendly bio-deinking of mixed office waste paper using various enzymes from Rhizopus microsporus AH3: efficiency and characteristics. CELLULOSE 2020; 27:4443-4453. [DOI: 10.1007/s10570-020-03071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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22
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Ahmad KS, Gul P. Fungicide isopyrazam degradative response toward extrinsically added fungal and bacterial strains. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:484-493. [PMID: 32314411 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The current research is a pioneer in the evaluation of isopyrazam biodegradation, which has been performed utilizing soil-isolated microbes. Biodisintegrative assays of pure fungal strains, namely Aspergillus flavus (AF), Penicillium chrysogenum (PC), Aspergillus niger (AN), Aspergillus terreus (AT), and Aspergillus fumigatus (AFu), and bacterial strains, namely Xanthomonas axonopodis (XA) and Pseudomonas syringae (PS), were utilized. Initial isopyrazam concentration (10 mg/L) was prepared with an individual microbial suspension and monitored for 35 days. Isopyrazam biotransformation was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by UV-visible spectrophotometery and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. P. syringae (R2 = 0.90) and X. axonopodis (R2 = 0.88) displayed maximal potential to metabolize the fungicide (86% and 80%, respectively) while forming intermediate metabolites, including 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ((S)-9-hydroxy-9-isopropyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl)-amide, 3-difluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid, and 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-amide. Isopyrazam degradation by all strains, AT, PC, AFu, AN, AF, XA, and PS, was found to be 11%, 18%, 21%, 21%, 18%, 30%, 80%, and 86%, respectively, after 35 days, elucidating the effectiveness of all the utilized strains in degrading isopyrazam at varying rates. The descending order of half-lives (days) obtained is as follows: AT (56.8) > PC (44.7) > AFu (40.7) > AN (39.6) > AF (32.6) > XA (28.1) > PS (21) days. Current research can influence imperative and significant environment-friendly bioremedial strategies for xenobiotic eradication from the ecological compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Palwasha Gul
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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23
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Hasanin MS, Hashem AH. Eco-friendly, economic fungal universal medium from watermelon peel waste. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 168:105802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Darwesh OM, Ali SS, Matter IA, Elsamahy T, Mahmoud YA. Enzymes immobilization onto magnetic nanoparticles to improve industrial and environmental applications. Methods Enzymol 2019; 630:481-502. [PMID: 31931999 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes as specific natural biocatalysts are present in all living organisms and they play a key role in the biochemical reactions inside, as outside the cell. Despite the wide range of environmental, medical, agricultural, and food applications, the high cost, non-reusability, and limited stability of soluble (non-immobilized) enzymes are considered barriers to their commercial application. Immobilization techniques are an effective strategy for solving problems associated with free enzymes in terms of improving the efficiency and stability of catalytic enzymes, as well as enhancing their separation and reusability in continuous industrial applications. Out of different supporting materials, magnetic nanoparticles are considered as the future trend for enzyme immobilization due to their exceptional properties regarding stabilization, easy recovery and reuse. Some recent techniques of enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles will be detailed hereafter in the chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Darwesh
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ibrahim A Matter
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Elsamahy
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yehia A Mahmoud
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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25
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Darwesh OM, El-Hawary AS, El Kelany US, El-Sherbiny GM. Nematicidal activity of thermostable alkaline protease produced by Saccharomonospora viridis strain Hw G550. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00386. [PMID: 31763199 PMCID: PMC6864322 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Isolation and identification of thermo alkaliphilic actinomycetes. Obtaining of thermostable alkaline protease enzyme. Evaluation of the nematicidal activity of obtained protease. Application of thermostable alkaline protease as nemticidal agent.
Application of thermostable alkaline protease to control the harmful nematodes was investigated in the current study. A total of 14 proteolytic actinomycetes were isolated from Egyptian harsh environments. Out of them, isolate G550 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity (528.9 U/ml). Protease from isolate G550 exhibited high nematicidal activity against M. incognita under laboratory conditions and caused hydrolysis of J2S cuticle. This isolate was identified using molecular techniques and deposited in GenBank under name of Saccharomonospora viridis strain Hw G550 with accession number: MF152631. The G550 protease was extracted, characterized and applied under greenhouse conditions as nematicidal agent. This enzyme exhibited maximum activity and stability at alkaline pH (8) and thermal conditions (50–60 °C). Also, the results showed that, all treatments using protease caused a significant decrease in nematode reproduction and increasing in the plant properties. Finally, the thermo alkaliphilic protease could be used as bio-control agent against RKN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S El-Hawary
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Usama S El Kelany
- Plant Pathology Department, Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El-Sherbiny
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Hussein HAA, Mekki B, El-Sadek ME, El Lateef EE. Effect of L-Ornithine application on improving drought tolerance in sugar beet plants. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02631. [PMID: 31667428 PMCID: PMC6812460 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the foliar application of L-ornithine (0.0, 0.30 and 0.60 mM) as a precursor of polyamines, at vegetative stage was on antioxidant defense and growth of drought stressed sugar beet plants grown under clay and sandy soil conditions. Two water irrigation treatments (80% and 40% Field capacity) were carried out on sugar beet plants grown in pots under greenhouse conditions. Water stress resulted in significantly decrement in growth parameters including root diameter, root and shoot weights per plant compared with corresponding control plants. The results showed that drought stress significantly affected most biochemical characteristics of plants. Photosynthetic pigments contents, free amino acids and peroxidase enzyme activity were decreased, while catalase enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation was increased with drought stress. On the other hand, foliar application of L-ornithine effectively alleviated harmful effects caused by drought stress on root length, root and shoot weights of sugar beet plants, especially under sandy soil conditions. The results cleared that ameliorating the negative effects of drought stress through exogenously applied L-ornithine associated with improved photosynthetic pigments, protein profile, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes; catalase and peroxidase, total soluble sugars and total amino led to increasing drought tolerance of sugar beet plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebat-Allah A. Hussein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology Department, University College of Nayriya, Hafr Al Batin University, Saudi Arabia
| | - B.B. Mekki
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E.Abd El-Sadek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ezzat Ebd El Lateef
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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27
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Hussein HAA, Darwesh OM, Mekki BB, El-Hallouty SM. Evaluation of cytotoxicity, biochemical profile and yield components of groundnut plants treated with nano-selenium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00377. [PMID: 31641621 PMCID: PMC6796563 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preparation and Characterization of selenium nanoparticles. Foliar application of the prepared nano-selenium on 3 different groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. Evaluation of the effect of nanoselenium on Growth parameters, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants enzymes. Evaluation of prepared nano-selenium cytotoxicity.
Knowledge about the risks of the nanoparticles application on the plant development and human health is still limited. Different concentrations of nano-selenium (0, 20 and 40 ppm) were applied to three different Egyptian groundnut (Arachis hypogaea l.) cultivars; (NC, Gregory and Giza 6) under sandy soil conditions at vegetative growth stage to investigate their effects on yield components, protein profile, fatty acids composition, total antioxidant content and cytotoxicity of yielded seeds. The results indicate that the tested Nano-Selenium (Nano-Se) concentrations improved yield components and seeds oil. However, Nano-Se altered protein signatures as well as fatty acids composition by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and/or decreasing saturated fatty acids as compared with control, the cytotoxicity assessments proved safety of the yield for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebat-Allah A Hussein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biology Department, University College of Nairyah, Hafr El Batin University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bahaa B Mekki
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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28
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Orozco Colonia BS, Lorenci Woiciechowski A, Malanski R, Junior Letti LA, Soccol CR. Pulp improvement of oil palm empty fruit bunches associated to solid-state biopulping and biobleaching with xylanase and lignin peroxidase cocktail produced by Aspergillus sp. LPB-5. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121361. [PMID: 31018172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches is a lignocellulosic feedstock with biotechnological potential and thousands of tons are generated in the world each year. Filamentous fungi producing xylanases and ligninases in biopulping to obtain cellulose is a pulp improvement alternative. The enzymatic cocktail was produced in solid-state biopulping by Aspergillus sp. LPB-5 with 54.32 U/g xylanase, 13.41 U/g lignin peroxidase and low cellulase activity. Biological, thermal and chemical pretreatments were compared and enzymatic biobleaching was applied to pretreated pulps. Biopulping and biobleaching combination had 36.80% lignin loss, 26.27% hemicellulose reduction, 74.36% pulp yield with 36.56% digestibility. Alkaline and biobleaching combination removed 81.97% hemicellulose and 93.89% lignin with 73.59% digestibility. Enzymatic biobleaching increased the pulp digestibility in all pretreatments. Finally, the development of a bio-pretreatment to remove hemicellulose and alter the lignin-carbohydrate complex interface presented a soft process with great eco-friendly potential, where mild pre-treatments would reduce the use of aggressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Sthepani Orozco Colonia
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Tocantins, CEP 7740-2970, Gurupi, TO, Brazil; Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Malanski
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Tocantins, CEP 7740-2970, Gurupi, TO, Brazil; Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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29
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Influence of Nitrogen Source and Growth Phase on Extracellular Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cultural Filtrates of Scenedesmus obliquus. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were green-synthesized extracellularly by the action of bioactive compounds in cultural filtrates of green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (KY621475). The influences of six different nitrogen sources (i.e., NaNO3, CO(NH4)2, (NH4)2CO3, KNO3, NH4NO3, and (NH4)2SO4) on extracellular biosynthesis of AgNPs were observed by UV–Visible spectroscopy (380–425 nm) and confirmed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The highest biomass production was observed in the case of urea and ammonium carbonate treatments, which, surprisingly, showed negative activity for AgNPs biosynthesis. Considering their coupling and compatible presence in cultural filtrates, reductases (especially nitrate reductase) as reduction agents are assumed to play a key role in the extracellular biosynthesis of AgNPs. The cultural filtrates of the potassium and sodium nitrate treatments produce AgNPs of relatively small size (5–10 and 4–10 nm, respectively), smaller than those produced by filtrate of ammonium nitrate treatment. The antimicrobial activity of produced AgNPs was a function mainly of particle size, which was influenced by the nitrogen source of the microalgal culture. The AgNPs produced from the KNO3 and NaNO3 cultural filtrates performed the best as antimicrobial agents.
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Hasanin M, El-Henawy A, Eisa WH, El-Saied H, Sameeh M. Nano-amino acid cellulose derivatives: Eco-synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:963-969. [PMID: 30959131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays the using of eco-systems to synthesize new materials is the promising issue. In this work, new eco-synthesis method was developed to prepare antimicrobial cellulosic-amino acid base ligand and complexes with copper. The complex was characterized via different instrumental analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX)) as well as two antimicrobial screening tools (minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and time required for killing). The UV-vis spectroscopic data indicates the metal to-ligand charge transfer transitions which is consistent with square planar geometry. DLS and SEM approved that the complex particles are in nano-size. Prepared complex appeared highly antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial organisms which can be described as broad spectrum antimicrobial agent. Rapid killing kinetics was beneficial in helping to resolve an infection more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hasanin
- Cellulose & Paper Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed El-Henawy
- Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wael H Eisa
- Spectroscopy Dept., Physics Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Housni El-Saied
- Cellulose & Paper Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Manal Sameeh
- Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Applied Sciences, Um El Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Youssef A, Hasanin M, Abd El-Aziz M, Darwesh O. Green, economic, and partially biodegradable wood plastic composites via enzymatic surface modification of lignocellulosic fibers. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01332. [PMID: 30923764 PMCID: PMC6423816 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic fibers, which obtained from Citrus trees trimmings, were modified with Aspergillus flavus (EGYPTA5) enzymes. The non-modified and the modified lignocellulosic fibers were used with low density polyethylene (LDPE) by melt blending brabender method at 170 °C with different ratio (5, 10 and 20 wt%) to obtain wood plastic composites (WPC). The prepared samples were characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), Scan Electron Microscope (SEM), and Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) as well as, the mechanical, thermal, biodegradability and swelling properties were examined. The fabricated WPC displayed good mechanical and thermal properties compare with pure LDPE. Also, the WVTR was enhanced by the addition of modified lignocellulosic fibers over the unmodified one. Moreover, the enzymes assay such as cellulase and lignin peroxidase enzymes were estimated and confirming the growing of fungi on the lignocellulosic fiber in solid state fermentation condition to improve lignin peroxidase production and eliminate cellulose enzymes. The fabricated WPC can be used in different environmental application such as packaging system, that it will be green, economic, and partially biodegradable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Youssef
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - M.S. Hasanin
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - M.E. Abd El-Aziz
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - O.M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
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