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Fang Y, Xiang W, Cui J, Jiao B, Su X. Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Citrus Flavonoid Diosmetin: An Updated Review of Experimental Models. Molecules 2024; 29:1521. [PMID: 38611801 PMCID: PMC11013832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential contributor to various human diseases. Diosmetin (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), a citrus flavonoid, can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. All the information in this article was collected from various research papers from online scientific databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. These studies have demonstrated that diosmetin can slow down the progression of inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators through modulating related pathways, predominantly the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the anti-inflammatory properties of diosmetin in cellular and animal models of various inflammatory diseases for the first time. We have identified some deficiencies in current research and offer suggestions for further advancement. In conclusion, accumulating evidence so far suggests a very important role for diosmetin in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders and suggests it is a candidate worthy of in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Wei Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinwei Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Bining Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China;
| | - Xuesu Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
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2
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Punmiya A, Prabhu A. Structural fingerprinting of pleiotropic flavonoids for multifaceted Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 163:105486. [PMID: 36641110 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease has emerged as one of the most challenging neurodegenerative diseases associated with dementia, loss of cognitive functioning and memory impairment. Despite enormous efforts to identify disease modifying technologies, the repertoire of currently approved drugs consists of a few symptomatic candidates that are not capable of halting disease progression. Moreover, these single mechanism drugs target only a small part of the pathological cascade and do not address most of the etiological basis of the disease. Development of therapies that are able to simultaneously tackle all the multiple interlinked causative factors such as amyloid protein aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, cholinergic deficit, oxidative stress, metal dyshomeostasis and neuro-inflammation has become the focus of intensive research in this domain. Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that have demonstrated immense potential as medicinal agents due to their multiple beneficial therapeutic effects. The polypharmacological profile of flavonoids aligns well with the multifactorial pathological landscape of Alzheimer's disease, making them promising candidates to overcome the challenges of this neurodegenerative disorder. This review presents a detailed overview of the pleiotropic biology of flavonoids favourable for Alzheimer therapeutics and the structural basis for these effects. Structure activity trends for several flavonoid classes such as flavones, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, flavanols and anthocyanins are comprehensively analyzed in detail and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Punmiya
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Arati Prabhu
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
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Flavonoids as Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Agents: A Review on Structural Activity Relationship-Based Studies and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012605. [PMID: 36293459 PMCID: PMC9604264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of naturally occurring polyphenolic secondary metabolites which have been reported to demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological properties, most importantly, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and inflammation and vascular complications in diabetes is now well established. Flavonoids possessing antidiabetic properties may alleviate inflammation by reducing hyperglycaemia through different mechanisms of action. It has been suggested that the flavonoids’ biochemical properties are structure-dependent; however, they are yet to be thoroughly grasped. Hence, the main aim of this review is to understand the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties of various structurally diverse flavonoids and to identify key positions responsible for the effects, their correlation, and the effect of different substitutions on both antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The general requirement of flavonoids for exerting both anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects is found to be the presence of a C2–C3 double bond (C-ring) and hydroxyl groups at the C3’, C4’, C5, and C7 positions of both rings A and B of a flavonoid skeleton. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that substitution at the C3 position of a C-ring decreases the anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids while enhancing their antidiabetic activity. Correlation is discussed at length to support flavonoids possessing essential pharmacophores to demonstrate equipotent effects. The consideration of these structural features may play an important role in synthesizing better flavonoid-based drugs possessing dual antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. A meta-analysis further established the role of flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Flavonols and Flavones as Potential anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Compounds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9966750. [PMID: 36111166 PMCID: PMC9470311 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9966750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant preparations have been used to treat various diseases and discussed for centuries. Research has advanced to discover and identify the plant components with beneficial effects and reveal their underlying mechanisms. Flavonoids are phytoconstituents with anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties. Herein, we listed and contextualized various aspects of the protective effects of the flavonols quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin and the flavones luteolin, apigenin, 3
,4
-dihydroxyflavone, baicalein, scutellarein, lucenin-2, vicenin-2, diosmetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, and 5-O-methyl-scutellarein. We presented their structural characteristics and subclasses, importance, occurrence, and food sources. The bioactive compounds present in our diet, such as fruits and vegetables, may affect the health and disease state. Therefore, we discussed the role of these compounds in inflammation, oxidative mechanisms, and bacterial metabolism; moreover, we discussed their synergism with antibiotics for better disease outcomes. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics allows the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains; thus, bioactive compounds may be used for adjuvant treatment of infectious diseases caused by resistant and opportunistic bacteria via direct and indirect mechanisms. We also focused on the reported mechanisms and intracellular targets of flavonols and flavones, which support their therapeutic role in inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Muema FW, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Guo M. Flavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron and Their Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061189. [PMID: 35740086 PMCID: PMC9229023 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Selaginella doederleinii Hieron. (S. doederleinii) is a traditional herb that is widely used in China to treat several ailments, but mainly cancer. Studies have been carried out to determine the phytochemicals ascribed to its pharmacological activity. However, both phytochemical and pharmacological profiles have not been fully explored as few compounds have been reported. This study evaluated the flavonoid content of the ethanol extract and its four fractions (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) together with their antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays). Further, the antiproliferative activity was evaluated. Two new secondary metabolites (1 and 3) were isolated from S. doederleinii, which comprised of an apigenin skeleton with a phenyl attached at C-8 of ring A and an acetyl group. Additionally, other known metabolites 2 and 4–16 were isolated, whereby compounds 2, 4, 5, 8, 12, 15, and 16 were reported for the first time in this species. These compounds were evaluated for their antioxidative potentials by both DPPH and FRAP assays, and for their antiproliferative activities by the MTT assay on three human cancer cell lines: colon cancer (HT-29), cervical cancer (HeLa), and lung cancer (A549). Compound 7 exhibited the best activity on the three cancer cell lines (HT-29, HeLa, A549) by inhibiting the rate of growth of the cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 27.97, 35.47, and 20.71 µM, respectively. The structure–activity relationship of the pure compounds was highlighted in this study. Hence, the study enriched both the phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of S. doederleinii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Wambua Muema
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (F.W.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (F.W.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (F.W.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (F.W.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (F.W.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-8770-0850
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Evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Alhagi camelorum against valproic acid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112953. [PMID: 35430391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite many liver disorders, clinically useful drugs are scarce. Moreover, the available therapies are facing the challenges of efficacy and safety. Alhagi camelorum has been used in folk medicine globally for millennia to treat several ailments. Alhagi camelorum (Ac) is an old plant with a significant therapeutic value throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Our goal was to determine the hepatoprotective activity of Alhagi camelorum against valproic acid induced hepatotoxicity using an animal model. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The animals were segregated in 4-groups (6 male rats each) weighing 250-290 g. Group-1 animals were treated with normal saline, Group-2 animals were treated with VPA at the dose of 500 mg/kg i.p for 14 days consecutively, while Group-3 and 4 were treated with valproic acid (VPA) at the dose of 500 mg/kg i.p for 14 days along with 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of Ac hydroalcoholic extract respectively. Subsequently, blood serum samples and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening was carried out to screen for phytochemical classes and HPLC analysis was conducted to screen polyphenols. The antioxidant activity was carried by different assays such as DPPH, SOD, NO etc. KEY RESULTS: The administration of Ac showed hepatoprotection at the doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg. Ac significantly reduces the elevated serum levels of liver biomarkers compared to the valproic acid-induced hepatotoxic group. These findings were confirmed with histopathological changes where Ac was capable of reversing the toxic effects of valproic acid on liver cells CONCLUSION: It is concluded that Ac showed significant hepatoprotective effects at different doses in the animal model used in this study.
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da Silva B, Caon T, Mohr ETB, Biluca FC, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Dalmarco EM, Costa ACO. Phenolic profile and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Mimosa scabrella Bentham honeydew honey in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14076. [PMID: 34997588 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity is mainly attributed to the phenolic compounds. Once the geographical location affects the phenolic content of honeys, a relationship between the collection spot and the anti-inflammatory effect of bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) honeydew honeys was hypothesized. The inhibitory effect of 14 honey samples on NOx, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12p70, MCP-1, INF-γ, and IL-10 in RAW 264.7 macrophages inflamed by LPS was evaluated. Fourteen phenolic compounds were identified, mainly syringic acid and rutin. Ten honeys inhibited nitrite production; at least six downregulated TNF-α, IL-12p70, MCP-1, and IFN-γ; only four honey samples inhibited IL-6; and one honey sample inhibited IL-10 levels, showing their variable effects on the inflammatory markers. Principal component analysis grouped samples according to the phenolic content and downregulation of specific inflammatory markers. The bracatinga honeydew honey effectiveness was associated with geographical location, as samples from areas with higher density and diversity of plants had a more significant anti-inflammatory effect. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present research study investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of bracatinga honeydew honey samples collected from regions with different vegetation coverages. Honey samples collected from locations presenting greater forest diversity and density inhibited inflammatory markers more efficiently. This study reinforces the role of the bracatinga honeydew honey in preventing inflammatory processes and the importance of preserving forests so that products with a greater diversity of compounds and consequently more active can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana da Silva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Thiago Caon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | | | - Fabíola Carina Biluca
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdomiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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Silva B, Biluca FC, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Dalmarco EM, Caon T, Costa ACO. In vitro anti-inflammatory properties of honey flavonoids: A review. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110086. [PMID: 33641965 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Honey is a natural ready-to-eat product rich in flavonoids, which is known by the wound healing properties due to both antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Flavonoids mitigate inflammatory processes, and thus it could currently support studies of anti-inflammatory potential of honeys. In this review, in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids found in honey were prioritized. Mechanistic information of specific isolated flavonoids as modulators of inflammatory processes are summarized aiming to stimulate studies regarding the action of honey in inflammatory events. Lastly, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) of flavonoids was also included. Flavonoids found in honey have demonstrated antioxidant properties and ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes such as COX, LOX, iNOS, and pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide, cytokines and chemokines. Transcriptional factors such as NF-κB are also modulated by flavonoids, controlling the expression of several inflammatory mediators. SAR studies demonstrate the effect of flavonoids in the prevention of inflammatory cascades. Despite the promising reports of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, well-designed clinical trials need yet to be performed to confirm the benefits of honeys from different botanical sources in diseases that include episodes of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Silva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Carina Biluca
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Caon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Obadi M, Sun J, Xu B. Highland barley: Chemical composition, bioactive compounds, health effects, and applications. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gan L, Ma J, You G, Mai J, Wang Z, Yang R, Xie C, Fei J, Tang L, Zhao J, Cai Z, Ye L. Glucuronidation and its effect on the bioactivity of amentoflavone, a biflavonoid from Ginkgo biloba leaves. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1840-1853. [PMID: 32144952 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ginkgo biloba leaves contain amentoflavone (AMF), a dietary flavonoid that possesses antioxidant and anticancer activity. Flavonoids are extensively subjected to glucuronidation. This study aimed to determine the metabolic profile of AMF and the effect of glucuronidation on AMF bioactivity. METHODS A pharmacokinetic study was conducted to determine the plasma concentrations of AMF and its metabolites. The metabolic profile of AMF was elucidated using different species of microsomes. The antioxidant activity of AMF metabolites was determined using DPPH/ABTS radical and nitric oxide assays. The anticancer activity of AMF metabolites was evaluated in U87MG/U251 cells. KEY FINDINGS Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the oral bioavailability of AMF was 0.06 ± 0.04%, and the area under the curve of the glucuronidated AMF metabolites (410.938 ± 62.219 ng/ml h) was significantly higher than that of AMF (194.509 ± 16.915 ng/ml h). UGT1A1 and UGT1A3 greatly metabolized AMF. No significant difference was observed in the antioxidant activity between AMF and its metabolites. The anticancer activity of AMF metabolites significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS A low AMF bioavailability was due to extensive glucuronidation, which was mediated by UGT1A1 and UGT1A3. Glucuronidated AMF metabolites had the same antioxidant but had a lower anticancer activity than that of AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiating Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoquan You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruopeng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Pharmacy Department of Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingrao Fei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Salazar C, Yañez O, Elorza AA, Cortes N, García-Beltrán O, Tiznado W, Ruiz LM. Biosystem Analysis of the Hypoxia Inducible Domain Family Member 2A: Implications in Cancer Biology. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020206. [PMID: 32085461 PMCID: PMC7074167 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of HIGD2A is dependent on oxygen levels, glucose concentration, and cell cycle progression. This gene encodes for protein HIG2A, found in mitochondria and the nucleus, promoting cell survival in hypoxic conditions. The genomic location of HIGD2A is in chromosome 5q35.2, where several chromosomal abnormalities are related to numerous cancers. The analysis of high definition expression profiles of HIGD2A suggests a role for HIG2A in cancer biology. Accordingly, the research objective was to perform a molecular biosystem analysis of HIGD2A aiming to discover HIG2A implications in cancer biology. For this purpose, public databases such as SWISS-MODEL protein structure homology-modelling server, Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), MethHC: a database of DNA methylation and gene expression in human cancer, and microRNA-target interactions database (miRTarBase) were accessed. We also evaluated, by using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), the expression of Higd2a gene in healthy bone marrow-liver-spleen tissues of mice after quercetin (50 mg/kg) treatment. Thus, among the structural features of HIG2A protein that may participate in HIG2A translocation to the nucleus are an importin α-dependent nuclear localization signal (NLS), a motif of DNA binding residues and a probable SUMOylating residue. HIGD2A gene is not implicated in cancer via mutation. In addition, DNA methylation and mRNA expression of HIGD2A gene present significant alterations in several cancers; HIGD2A gene showed significant higher expression in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Hypoxic tissues characterize the “bone marrow-liver-spleen” DLBCL type. The relative quantification, by using qRT-PCR, showed that Higd2a expression is higher in bone marrow than in the liver or spleen. In addition, it was observed that quercetin modulated the expression of Higd2a gene in mice. As an assembly factor of mitochondrial respirasomes, HIG2A might be unexpectedly involved in the change of cellular energetics happening in cancer. As a result, it is worth continuing to explore the role of HIGD2A in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Salazar
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile; (O.Y.); (W.T.)
| | - Alvaro A. Elorza
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Natalie Cortes
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia; (N.C.); (O.G.-B.)
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia; (N.C.); (O.G.-B.)
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile; (O.Y.); (W.T.)
| | - Lina María Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-2303-6662
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12
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Fan M, Chen G, Zhang Y, Nahar L, Sarker SD, Hu G, Guo M. Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Hagenia abyssinica Roots and Their Potentially Active Components. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020143. [PMID: 32041310 PMCID: PMC7070924 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J. F. Gmel. is a multipurpose dioecious tree that has been used to treat various ailments, for example, the flowers of H. abyssinica have been widely used as a tea to treat intestinal parasites by local residents and the roots of H.abyssinica could also be used for anticancer purposes. Antioxidant activity could be one of the most important pathways to suppress cancer and there is hardly any information available on the specific chemical components corresponding to the bioactivities of H. abyssinica to date. The present study intended to screen and evaluate the antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of five different fractions from H. abyssinica along with their corresponding total flavonoid and phenolic contents and then further identify those compounds with the most potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The total flavonoid and phenolic content assays showed that the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of H. abyssinica had higher flavonoid and phenolic levels than the other four fractions. Furthermore, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) superoxide radical scavenging abilities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay with 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the five fractions and some pure compounds isolated from the EA fraction, which displayed higher antioxidant properties than that of the other fractions. Caffeic acid from the EA fraction showed even stronger DPPH scavenging ability (IC50 7.858 ± 0.31 µg/mL) than that of Vc (IC50 8.27 ± 0.11 µg/mL) as the positive control. The anti-proliferative properties of four fractions and the ethanol extract were evaluated by the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay and the EA fraction exhibited higher anti-proliferative activities against three cancer cell lines than that of the other fractions. Additionally, the compounds with good antioxidant activity from the EA fraction of H. abyssinica were screened and identified using LC-MS and NMR and were also found to possess good anti-proliferative activity. In the MTT assay, the quercetin showed the strongest dose-dependent anti-proliferative activities to colon cancer cells (HT-29) and liver cancer cells (HepG2) among all of the compounds isolated. This study provided valuable information on the synergistic antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of H. abyssinica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (M.F.); (G.C.); (Y.Z.); (G.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (M.F.); (G.C.); (Y.Z.); (G.H.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (M.F.); (G.C.); (Y.Z.); (G.H.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Satyajit Dey Sarker
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Natural Products Discovery, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Guangwan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (M.F.); (G.C.); (Y.Z.); (G.H.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (M.F.); (G.C.); (Y.Z.); (G.H.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence:
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Sobhani M, Farzaei MH, Kiani S, Khodarahmi R. Immunomodulatory; Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant Effects of Polyphenols: A Comparative Review on the Parental Compounds and Their Metabolites. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1717523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sobhani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sarah Kiani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Oku H, Iwaoka E, Shinga M, Yamamoto E, Iinuma M, Ishiguro K. Effect of the Dried Flowers of Campsis grandiflora on Stagnant Blood Syndrome. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19873445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried flower of Campsis grandiflora ( Bignoniaceae), known as ryoushouka in Japanese, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat stagnant blood, contusion, pruritus, and gynecopathy such as menstrual and menopausal disorders. In the present study, we evaluated the stagnant blood flow (BF) improvement effect of the methanol extract (CG) of dried flowers of C. grandiflora using an in vivo assay, in a continuing effort to improve peripheral circulatory disturbance using natural sources. We used the assay system to monitor a decrease in BF in the tail vein microcirculation of mice subjected to sensitization with hen-egg white lysozyme. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CG led to the isolation of apigenin (1), acteoside (2), cleroindicin B (3), rengyol (4), and isorengyol (5). Apigenin (1) and acteoside (2) were identified as active compounds as they exhibited significant stagnant BF improvement effect in the peripheral circulation. This study proved the positive effect of ryoushouka against stagnant blood syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisae Oku
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Emiko Iwaoka
- Department of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Chuo-ku Kobe, Japan
| | - Megumi Shinga
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Erika Yamamoto
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Munekazu Iinuma
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ishiguro
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Cardoso MGB, Trento MVC, Reis CH, Marcussi S, Cardoso PG. Lecanicillium aphanocladii: snake venom phospholipases A 2 and proteases as tools to prospect enzymatic inhibitors. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:88-95. [PMID: 31102470 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural enzyme inhibitors have been widely described in literature because of its pharmacological and cosmetic applications. Fungi found in caves represent a promising source of bioactive substances that are still little explored scientifically. Thus, the present work evaluated the presence of enzymatic modulators in a filtrate obtained from the cultivation of the cave fungus Lecanicillium aphanocladii (Family: Cordycipitaceae). Snake venoms from Bothrops alternatus and Bothrops atrox were used as an enzymatic source for the induction of the phospholipase, proteolytic, thrombolytic, cytotoxic and coagulant activities. Compounds present in the fungal filtrate inhibited 50, 23·8, 26·6, 50·9 and 52·5% of the proteolytic, phospholipase, haemolytic, thrombolytic and coagulant activities respectively. The filtrate was not cytotoxic on erythrocytes, but induced partial dissolution of thrombi. Fungal enzyme inhibitors that have low or no toxicity and can be obtained on a large scale and at low cost are relevant in the medical-scientific context. Therefore, the inhibition of phospholipases A2 and proteases observed in the present work highlights the potential of fungal metabolites for the development of drugs that can be used in the treatment of haemostasis and inflammation-related disorders. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this study, secondary metabolites synthesized by Lecanicillium aphanocladii, a fungus isolated from caves, demonstrated modulating action on proteases and phospholipases A2 present in snake venoms of the Bothrops genus, widely used as tools for the study of pathophysiology processes related to haemostasis and inflammation. The results suggest the possibility of future applications for these metabolites in the development of pharmaceuticals of medical-scientific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G B Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Biogen Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - M V C Trento
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - C H Reis
- Department of Biology, Biogen Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - S Marcussi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - P G Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Biogen Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
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Dos Santos ATL, Machado AJT, De Freitas MA, De Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Da Cunha FAB, De Lima E Souza DDS, Boligon AA, De Oliveira AS, De Alencar Silva A, Morais-Braga MFB. Phenolic Composition and Antifungal Effect of Costus cf. arabicus L Against Yeast of the Candida Genus. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180827122526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The emergence of fungal resistance to commercial drugs has been observed,
and because of that, research with natural products have been performed with the aim of
obtaining bioactive compounds.
Objective:
Evaluate the chemical composition and antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of
Costus cf. arabicus L leaves (EECAL) over strains of the genus Candida, as well as its inhibitory
potential over yeast virulence.
Methods:
The composition of EECAL was analyzed through High Performance Liquid Chromatography
(HPLC). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution
using spectrophotometer readings and the Minimal Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was investigated.
The reading data of the MIC was used to trace a cellular growth curve and calculate the
Inhibitory Concentration for 50% of the cells (IC50) of the extract and fluconazole. The effect over
the yeast morphology was verified using wet-chamber microculture and visualized through optical
microscopy (40x).
Results:
HPLC detected the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids. The extract presented fungistatic
effect (MIC of 8.192 µg/mL). The IC50 of the extract and fluconazole varied between 4,008.7 to
5,116.8 µg/mL and 44.0 to 83.1 µg/mL, respectively. The extract inhibited the formation of hyphae
at MICx2 against CA LM 77. For the CA INCQS 40006, the inhibition was verified at MIC/2. In the
CT LM 23 and CT INCQS 40042 strains the presence of hyphae was considered absent at the MIC.
Conclusion:
The extract presented antifungal action on cell growth at elevated concentrations and
an inhibitory effect of dimorphism in the tested Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Han L, Meng M, Guo M, Cheng D, Shi L, Wang X, Wang C. Immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from highland barley on immunosuppressive mice models. Food Funct 2019; 10:304-314. [PMID: 30574978 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01991f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (BP-1) was extracted and purified from highland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and its average molecular weight was about 6.7 × 104 Da. In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of BP-1 on the immunosuppressive BALB/c mice model and its molecular mechanism were elucidated. It was found that the weight indexes of spleen and thymus were significantly increased by BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) treatment in the immunosuppressive mice model. The results showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could significantly increase the number of bone marrow cells (BMC) and peripheral blood white blood cells (WBC) in the immunosuppressive mice model. In addition, the result further confirmed that BP-1 could increase the serum levels of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ, so as to improve the immune function of immunosuppressive mice. The results showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation of spleen cells and the natural killer (NK) cell activity in vivo. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and ELISA results revealed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could enhance the production of IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgG and IgM in the spleen of immunosuppressive mice. The HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained histopathological images showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could repair the damage induced by CTX in the spleen cells of immunosuppressive mice. The result of macrophages showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation and phagocytosis activity of macrophages in immunosuppressive mice. Furthermore, BP-1 could activate macrophages by the TLR-4, TRAF6, TAK1 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 pathways in vivo. These results suggested that BP-1 has a remarkable immunomodulatory activity on the immunosuppressive mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People Republic of China.
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Pereira Barbosa JA, Nascimento Santana MA, Campos Leite TC, de Oliveira TB, Barreto Mota FV, Gomes Alves Bastos IV, Corrêa AJC, de Amorim ELC, Cardoso Vieira JR, Sarmento Silva TM, Bandeira Delmiro Santana AL, do Nascimento MS, da Silva TG. Gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechman and underlying mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108582. [PMID: 30780106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Avicennia schaueriana Stapf is an endemic mangrove species widely used by traditional Brazilian communities as a folk remedy for the treatment of rheumatism, ulcers, and skin wounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of A. schaueriana (As-AcOEt). METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS) was performed to identify chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves ofA. schaueriana. Total phenols, flavonoids and tannins were determined and antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH and ABTS methods. The acute toxicity of As-AcOEt and gastroprotective activity on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcers were assessed and mechanisms of action involving the role of nitric oxide, sulfhydryl compounds, and prostaglandins were investigated. RESULTS Terpenes, flavonoids and tannins were detected in the extract. As-AcOEt exhibited antioxidant activity, with an EC50 of 42.2 ± 4.4 μg/mL (DPPH) and 73.2% inhibition of ABTS radicals. UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS analysis identified gallic acid, gallic acid derivative, ellagic acid, myricetin pentoside, myricetin deoxyhexose, quercetin pentoside, quercetin deoxyhexose, and other compounds. Gallic acid was isolated in this species for the first time. During the acute toxicity test, no deaths or changes occurred in the variables evaluated. In the ethanol-induced ulcer model, As-AcOEt reduced the ulcerative lesion index, with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg achieving 83.8, 88.5 and 86.9% inhibition, respectively. MPO levels decreased and the gastric mucosa of the animals treated with the extract was preserved. Pre-treatment with N-omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; NO blocker) or carbenoxolone (CBXN; NP-SH blocker) reversed the gastroprotective effect of As-AcOEt, but this effect was not reversed with the previous administration of indomethacin. CONCLUSION The present findings reveal that the extract from the leaves ofA. schaueriana has gastroprotective effects, suggesting the involvement of nitric oxide and nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds, but not prostaglandin. Therefore, the use of A. schaueriana in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of gastric disorders has a scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Andréia Pereira Barbosa
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marllon Alex Nascimento Santana
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Tonny Cley Campos Leite
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pernambuco, Fazenda Sapé, S/N, Zona Rural Barreiros, 55560-000, PE, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Bezerra de Oliveira
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Virginia Barreto Mota
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Isla Vanessa Gomes Alves Bastos
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Allan Jonathan Chernichiarro Corrêa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Elba Lúcia Cavalcanti de Amorim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso Vieira
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Tania Maria Sarmento Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Manuel de Medeiros, 96, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Silva do Nascimento
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Arthur de Sá, S/N, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Han L, Lei H, Tian Z, Wang X, Cheng D, Wang C. The immunomodulatory activity and mechanism of docosahexenoic acid (DHA) on immunosuppressive mice models. Food Funct 2018; 9:3254-3263. [PMID: 29785433 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00269j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the immunosuppressive BALB/c mice model and its molecular mechanism are elucidated. It was found that the weight indexes of the spleen and thymus were significantly increased by DHA (44.0 mg kg-1 and 88.0 mg kg-1) treatment in the prevention or cure groups. The result of macrophages showed that DHA (44.0 mg kg-1 and 88.0 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation and phagocytosis activity of macrophages in the prevention or cure groups. In addition, DHA could activate macrophages by the G-protein coupled cell membrane receptor GPR120- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs)-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 pathway in vivo. The result of the spleen showed that DHA (44.0 mg kg-1 and 88.0 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation of spleen cells and the natural killer (NK) cells activity in vivo. In the prevention or cure groups, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results revealed that DHA (44.0 mg kg-1 and 88.0 mg kg-1) could enhance the production of cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the spleen of immunosuppressive mice. The HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained histopathological images showed that DHA could repair the damage induced by CTX in the spleen cells of the prevention or cure groups. These results suggested that DHA has a remarkable immunomodulatory activity on the immunosuppressive mice model in the prevention or cure groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Han
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People Republic of China.
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Boubaker J, Ben Toumia I, Sassi A, Bzouich-Mokded I, Ghoul Mazgar S, Sioud F, Bedoui A, Safta Skhiri S, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antitumoral Potency by Immunomodulation of Chloroform Extract from Leaves of Nitraria retusa, Tunisian Medicinal Plant, via its Major Compounds β-sitosterol and Palmitic Acid in BALB/c Mice Bearing Induced Tumor. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:650-662. [PMID: 29697283 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1460683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antitumoral effect of Chloroform extract from Nitraria retusa leaves, via its major compounds β-sitosterols and palmitic acid. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with B16-F10 cells, then treated intra-peritoneally after 7 days with the chloroform extract for 21 days. They were then euthanized, and the tumors were weighed. Lung parenchyma was analyzed. Lymphocyte and macrophages proliferation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities were evaluated using the MTT assay. Macrophage phagocytosis was evaluated by measuring the lysosomal activity and nitric oxide production. Antioxidant activity was studied by cellular antioxidant activity on macrophage and splenocytes and by lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity in liver cells, kidney, and serum. β-sitosterols and palmitic acid, major compounds of chloroform extract, impeded remarkably the expansion of the transplantable tumor, protected the lung parenchyma, and increased splenocytes proliferation and both CTL activities in tumor-bearing mice. β-sitosterols and palmitic acid were also seen to have enhanced lysosomal activity of host macrophages and antioxidant cellular activity. Also, they showed an inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation. Our results suggest that antitumoral effect of β-sitosterols and palmitic acid from chloroform extract is related with its immunomodulatory activity, and opens the way for a nutrition application and coprocessing phytotherapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Boubaker
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,b Human Physiology and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Imene Ben Toumia
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Aicha Sassi
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Imen Bzouich-Mokded
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ghoul Mazgar
- d ABCDF Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Fairouz Sioud
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Sihem Safta Skhiri
- d ABCDF Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,e Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- a Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia.,c Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir , Rue Avicenne, Monastir , Tunisia
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Li XM, Luo XG, He JF, Wang N, Zhou H, Yang PL, Zhang TC. Induction of apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by active compounds from Hypericum ascyron L. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3944-3950. [PMID: 29556280 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum ascyron L. (Great St. Johnswort), which belongs to the Hypericaceae family, has been used for the treatment of hematemesis, metrorrhagia, rheumatism, swelling, stomach ache, abscesses, dysentery and irregular menstruation for >2,000 years in China. The aim of the present study was to clarify the anticancer activity compounds from H. ascyron L. and the underlying molecular mechanism. Anticancer activity of H. ascyron L. extract was evaluated using an MTT assay. To confirm the anticancer mechanism of activity compounds, Hoechst 33258, Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, rhodamine 123 staining and caspase-3 activity analysis were performed. The results demonstrated that the anti-proliferative action of the mixture of kaempferol 3-O-β-(2″-acetyl) galactopyranoside (K) and quercetin (Q) (molar ratio, 1:1) was significantly increased compared with either of these two compounds separately, and the active fraction of the H. ascyron L. extract |(HALE). HALE, indicating that the anti-proliferative function of H. ascyron L. may be a synergic effect of K and Q. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of KQ on the growth of HeLa cells was mediated by the induction of apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to identify that KQ exhibits significant anti-proliferation activity on HeLa cells via the apoptotic pathway, and is also the first to evaluate the anticancer potential of H. ascyron L. The results of the present study may provide a rational base for the use of H. ascyron L. in the clinic, and shed light on the development of novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of The Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of The Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Hebei 300457, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Fang He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of The Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Hebei 300457, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of The Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Hebei 300457, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of The Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Hebei 300457, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of The Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of The Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Hebei 300457, P.R. China.,Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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Abd-Allah AAM, El-Deen NAMN, Mohamed WAM, Naguib FM. Mast cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines roles in assessment of grape seeds extract anti-inflammatory activity in rat model of carrageenan-induced paw edema. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:97-107. [PMID: 29372043 PMCID: PMC5776444 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.25067.6219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-produced oxidative disorders were involved at the pathophysiology of many inflammatory processes via the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant defense system suppression. Although herbal antioxidants as mono-therapy relief many inflammatory diseases including, autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis, but as combination therapy with other proven anti-inflammatory drugs in order to decreasing their toxic impacts has not yet been studied clearly, especially against chemical substances that's induced local inflammation with characteristic edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS Grape seeds extract (GSE) at a concentration of 40 mg/kg B. wt alone or in combination with indomethacin (Indo.) at a dose of 5 mg/Kg B. wt orally given for 10 days prior (gps VI, VII, VIII) or as a single dose after edema induction (gps IX, X, XI) in rat's left hind paw by sub-planter single injection of 0.1 carrageenan: saline solution (1%) (gp. V) to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic anti-inflammatory activities of both through the estimation of selective inflammatory mediators and oxidative damage-related biomarkers as well as tissue mast cell scoring. Furthermore, both substances were given alone (gps II, III, IV) for their blood, liver and kidney safety evaluation comparing with negative control rats (gp. I) which kept without medication. RESULTS A marked reduction on the inflammatory mediators, edema volume and oxidative byproducts in edema bearing rats' prophylactic and treated with grape seeds extract and indomethacin was observed. Indomethacin found to induce some toxicological impacts which minimized when administered together with GSE. CONCLUSION GSE is a safe antioxidant agent with anti-inflammatory property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fatma Mohamed Naguib
- MVSc of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Chen L, Teng H, Jia Z, Battino M, Miron A, Yu Z, Cao H, Xiao J. Intracellular signaling pathways of inflammation modulated by dietary flavonoids: The most recent evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2908-2924. [PMID: 28682647 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1345853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Teng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Center for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Santander, Spain and Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Universitr Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea
| | - Anca Miron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Romania
| | - Zhiling Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
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Carvalho AR, Costa G, Figueirinha A, Liberal J, Prior JAV, Lopes MC, Cruz MT, Batista MT. Urtica spp.: Phenolic composition, safety, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Food Res Int 2017; 99:485-494. [PMID: 28784509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Urtica dioica and other less studied Urtica species (Urticaceae) are often used as a food ingredient. Fifteen hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and sixteen flavonoids, flavone and flavonol-type glycosides were identified in hydroalcoholic extracts from aerial parts of Urtica dioica L., Urtica urens L. and Urtica membranacea using HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn. Among them, the 4-caffeoyl-5-p-coumaroylquinic acid and three statin-like 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl flavone derivatives were identified for the first time in Urtica urens and U. membranacea respectively. Urtica membranacea showed the higher content of flavonoids, mainly luteolin and apigenin C-glycosides, which are almost absent in the other species studied. In vitro, Urtica dioica exhibited greater antioxidant activity but Urtica urens exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory potential. Interestingly, statin-like compounds detected in Urtica membranacea have been associated with hypocholesterolemic activity making this plant interesting for future investigations. None of the extracts were cytotoxic to macrophages and hepatocytes in bioactive concentrations (200 and 350μg/mL), suggesting their safety use in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Carvalho
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Liberal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João A V Prior
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Celeste Lopes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Batista
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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Maatouk M, Elgueder D, Mustapha N, Chaaban H, Bzéouich IM, Loannou I, Kilani S, Ghoul M, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Effect of heated naringenin on immunomodulatory properties and cellular antioxidant activity. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:1101-1109. [PMID: 27623863 PMCID: PMC5083678 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin is one of the most popular flavonoids derived from citrus. It has been reported to be an effective anti-inflammatory compound. Citrus fruit may be used raw, cooked, stewed, or boiled. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of thermal processes on naringenin in its immunomodulatory and cellular antioxidant activities. The effects of flavonoids on B and T cell proliferation were assessed on splenocytes stimulated or not with mitogens. However, their effects on cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activities were assessed in splenocytes co-incubated with target cells. The amount of nitric oxide production and the lysosomal enzyme activity were evaluated in vitro on mouse peritoneal macrophages. Cellular antioxidant activity in splenocytes and macrophages was determined by measuring the fluorescence of the dichlorofluorescin (DCF). Our findings revealed that naringenin induces B cell proliferation and enhances NK activity. The highest concentration of native naringenin exhibits a significant proliferation of T cells, induces CTL activity, and inhibits cellular oxidation in macrophages. Conversely, it was observed that when heat-processed, naringenin improves the cellular antioxidant activity in splenocytes, increases the cytotoxic activity of NK cells, and suppresses the cytotoxicity of T cells. However, heat treatment maintains the anti-inflammatory potency of naringenin.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Flavanones/pharmacology
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity
- Lysosomes/drug effects
- Lysosomes/enzymology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/cytology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Temperature
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Maatouk
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Elgueder
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Mustapha
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Hind Chaaban
- Laboratoire d'ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Imen Mokdad Bzéouich
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Irina Loannou
- Laboratoire d'ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Soumaya Kilani
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ghoul
- Laboratoire d'ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
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Luo Y, Yu H, Yang Y, Tian W, Dong K, Shan J, Ma X. A flavonoid compound from Chrysosplenium nudicaule inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of the human stomach cancer cell line SGC-7901. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1133-1139. [PMID: 26428258 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1055634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gastric cancer remains highly prevalent, but treatment options are limited. Natural products have proved to be a rich source of anticancer drugs. Chrysosplenium nudicaule Ledeb. (Saxifragaceae) is a perennial herb that grows in the highlands of China. It has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat digestive diseases for hundreds of years. Recent studies revealed that this herb had anticancer activity, and the flavonoids were speculated to be the effective components. 6,7,3'-Trimethoxy-3,5,4'-trihydroxy flavone (TTF) and 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,3'trimethoxy-flavone-7-O-β-d-glucoside (DTFG) are flavonoid compounds isolated from Chrysosplenium nudicaule. OBJECTIVE This study examined the effect of TTF and DTFG on SGC-7901 human stomach cancer cell in vitro to determine the anticancer and induction of apoptosis properties of TTF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proliferation of cells treated with 32, 16, 8, 4, and 2 μg/mL of TTF or DTFG for 24, 48, and 72 h was assessed by the MTT assay. After being treated with TTF, the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was assessed by acridine orange staining, ultrastructure, electrophoresis of DNA fragmentation, and flow cytometry. RESULTS Results indicated that TTF inhibited the growth of cancer cells with an IC50 value of 8.33 μg/mL after 72 h incubation. However, DTFG showed no inhibitory effect on the growth of the cancer cell. Further studies on TTF also confirmed that it was able to induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells at a concentration as low as 4 μg/mL. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The apoptotic effect of TTF makes it a promising candidate for future chemotherapeutic application in treating stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Luo
- a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Hongjuan Yu
- a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yunshang Yang
- b Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , China
| | - Weihua Tian
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory , Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Lanzhou , China
| | - Kaizhong Dong
- d Medical College, Northwest University for Nationalities , Lanzhou , China , and
| | - Jinyu Shan
- e Department of Infection , Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester , Leicester , UK
| | - Xingming Ma
- a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
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Márquez-Flores YK, Villegas I, Cárdeno A, Rosillo MÁ, Alarcón-de-la-Lastra C. Apigenin supplementation protects the development of dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis by inhibiting canonical and non-canonical inflammasome signaling pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 30:143-52. [PMID: 27012631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of dietary apigenin (API) enrichment in a chronic colitis model induced by DSS in mice. Inflammatory mediators and the possible role of canonical and non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways in the beneficial effects of API under chronic inflammatory conditions were also explored. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: sham and control groups received standard diet (SD), and other two groups were fed with API at 0.1%. After 30days, all groups except sham received 3% DSS in drinking water for 5days followed by a regime of 21days of water. Our results revealed that dietary API supplementation decreased the macroscopic and microscopic damage signs of colitis; also, it was capable to down-regulate mPGES, COX-2 and iNOS enzyme colonic expressions and to decrease serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-3) levels. Similarly, API diet reduced IL-1β and TNF-α proinflammatory cytokine secretions in primary LPS-stimulated splenocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that API anti-inflammatory activity was related with an inhibition of both canonical and non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome pathways by decreasing proinflammatory IL-1β and IL-18 cytokine levels as a consequence of regulation of cleaved caspase-1 and caspase-11 enzymes. We conclude that API supplement might provide a basis for developing a new dietary strategy for the prevention of chronic ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmín K Márquez-Flores
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Campus Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n Col. Zacatenco, CP 07730, Mexico, DF, Mexico; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Isabel Villegas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Cárdeno
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Rosillo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Catalina Alarcón-de-la-Lastra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
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28
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The Antiinflammatory Potential of Flavonoids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63602-7.00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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29
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Boubaker J, Chaabane F, Bedoui A, Aloui R, Ahmed BB, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antitumoral potency of methanolic extract from Nitraria retusa leaves via its immunomodulatory effect. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:82. [PMID: 26309426 PMCID: PMC4549073 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the antitumoral effect of the methanol extract (MeOH) from Nitraria retusa leaves and to investigate its immunomodulatory activity that mediated the prevention of tumor progression in tumor-bearing mice. Methods Balb/c mice weighing 18–20 g were subcutaneously implanted with B16-F10 cells then injected intra-peritoneally, 7 days later with (200 mg/kg bw) of MeOH extract, for 21 days. After euthanization on day 21, the tumors were weighed. Lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and NK activity were evaluated using the MTT assay. Macrophage phagocytosis was studied by measuring their lysosomal activity and nitric oxide production. Results The methanol extract inhibited significantly the growth of the implanted tumor, and increased remarkably splenocyte proliferation as well as NK and CTL activities, in tumor-bearing mice. It also promoted lysosomal activity of treated animal macrophages. Conclusion Our findings suggest that antitumoral effect of MeOH extract is related with to immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Boubaker
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia ; Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia ; Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis Rommana, 1068 Tunisia
| | - Fadwa Chaabane
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia ; Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia ; Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia
| | - Rihab Aloui
- Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis Rommana, 1068 Tunisia
| | - Besma Ben Ahmed
- Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis Rommana, 1068 Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia ; Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000 Tunisia
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30
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Cariddi LN, Sabini MC, Escobar FM, Montironi I, Mañas F, Iglesias D, Comini LR, Sabini LI, Dalcero AM. Polyphenols as possible bioprotectors against cytotoxicity and DNA damage induced by ochratoxin A. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:1008-1018. [PMID: 25867686 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of luteolin (L), chlorogenic acid (ChlA) and caffeic acid (CafA) against cyto-genotoxic effects caused by OTA. Vero cells and rat lymphocytes were used and viability was measured by neutral red uptake, MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion method. L (50 and 100μg/mL), ChlA (100 and 200μg/mL) and CafA (10-50μg/mL) reduced the damage induced by OTA (10μg/mL) on both cells type shown a good protective effect. The comet and micronucleus tests in Balb/c mice were performed. ChlA (10mg/kg bw) reduced OTA (0.85mg/kg bw)-induced DNA damage on blood and bone marrow cells, CafA (10mg/kg bw) showed protective effect only in blood cells and luteolin (2.5mg/kg bw) failed to protect DNA integrity on cells. In conclusion, polyphenols tested reduced the toxicity caused by OTA on different target cells with good protective effect, being ChlA the compound that showed the best effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Cariddi
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina.
| | - M C Sabini
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - F M Escobar
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - I Montironi
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F Mañas
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D Iglesias
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L R Comini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina; Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - L I Sabini
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A M Dalcero
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina
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Karthikkumar V, Sivagami G, Viswanathan P, Nalini N. Rosmarinic acid inhibits DMH-induced cell proliferation in experimental rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 26:185-200. [PMID: 25210763 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2014-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in both men and women. The present study is an effort to unravel the anticarcinogenic effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Administration of DMH induces multiple tumors in the rat colon, which mimics human colon cancer. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups and fed a high-fat diet. Group 1 served as control, group 2 rats were given RA [5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] orally every day for a total period of 30 weeks, and groups 3-6 were given weekly injections of DMH (20 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneous) once a week in the groin for the first 15 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups 4-6 received RA at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. during the initiation and postinitiation stages, and also throughout the entire study period. Colon tissues were examined histologically; further, the extent of oxidative stress was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in the colonic mucosa of rats. RESULTS Macroscopic and microscopic tumors were identified in all the groups that received DMH. The results revealed that supplementation with RA significantly inhibited the tumor formation and tumor multiplicity in DMH-treated rats. RA supplementation to DMH-administered rats significantly reduced the cell proliferation markers, namely, argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions as well as proliferative cell nuclear antigen labeling index. In addition, RA supplementation reduces the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interlukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2, and modulates the expression of p65. CONCLUSIONS The above findings clearly underline the chemopreventive efficacy of RA against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis.
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Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of apigenin K in two rat colitis models induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and dextran sulphate sodium. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:618-26. [PMID: 25654996 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514004292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widespread in nature, and consumed as part of the human diet in significant amounts. The aim of the present study was to test the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of apigenin K, a soluble form of apigenin, in two models of rat colitis, namely the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model and the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) model. Apigenin K (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg; by the oral route; n 4-6 per group) was administered as a pre-treatment to rats with TNBS and DSS colitis, and colonic status was checked by macroscopic and biochemical examination. Apigenin K pre-treatment resulted in the amelioration of morphological signs and biochemical markers in the TNBS model. The results demonstrated a reduction in the inflamed area, as well as lower values of score and colonic weight:length ratio compared with the TNBS group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was reduced by 30 % (P< 0·05). Moreover, apigenin K pre-treatment ameliorated morphological signs and biochemical markers in the DSS model. Thus, macroscopic damage was significantly reduced and the colonic weight:length ratio was lowered by approximately 10 %, while colonic MPO and alkaline phosphatase activities were decreased by 35 and 21 %, respectively (P< 0·05). Apigenin K pre-treatment also tended to normalise the expression of a number of colonic inflammatory markers (e.g. TNF-α, transforming growth factor-β, IL-6, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 or chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2). In conclusion, apigenin K is found to have anti-inflammatory effects in two preclinical models of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Seito LN, Sforcin JM, Bastos JK, Di Stasi LC. Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae) as source of antioxidant and immunomodulatory compounds with beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 67:597-604. [PMID: 25556766 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Zeyheria montana is a medicinal plant used in Brazilian folk medicine for treating skin affections, ulcers, inflammation and diarrhoea, and as an antisyphilitic and antiblenorrhagic agent, but little is known about its mechanisms of action. Herein, a bio-guided assay was carried out to further evaluate its antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, and the possible benefits on experimental intestinal inflammation. METHODS Extracts, partitions, fractions and isolated compounds were tested for inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Isolated compounds were tested in vitro for its antioxidant and immunomodulatory action prior to in-vivo evaluation in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced rat colitis. KEY FINDINGS Two major compounds were identified in the leaf dichloromethane extract: 3'-hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone and 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone, which exhibited an antioxidant activity. The compounds protected the colonic glutathione levels in more than 90% despite the absence of protection against the gross macroscopic colonic damage. In addition, the compounds inhibited IL-1ß secretion by macrophages in 91.5% and 72.7% respectively, whereas both reduced IL-6 secretion in about 44.5%. CONCLUSIONS The major active compounds from Z. montana leaves exerted antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, endorsing the use of Z. montana in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent. However, further investigation is still needed regarding medicinal plants and the identification of candidate compounds for the treatment of the inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Noboru Seito
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Mascaraque C, Aranda C, Ocón B, Monte MJ, Suárez MD, Zarzuelo A, Marín JJG, Martínez-Augustin O, de Medina FS. Rutin has intestinal antiinflammatory effects in the CD4+ CD62L+ T cell transfer model of colitis. Pharmacol Res 2014; 90:48-57. [PMID: 25281414 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rutin, one of the most abundant flavonoids in nature, has been shown to exert intestinal antiinflammatory effects in experimental models of colitis. Our aim was to study the antiinflamatory effect of rutin in the CD4+ CD62L+ T cell transfer model of colitis, one of the closest to the human disease. Colitis was induced by transfer of CD4+ CD62L+ T cells to Rag1(-/-) mice. Rutin was administered by gavage as a postreatment. Treatment with rutin improved colitis at the dose of 57mg/kg/day, while no effect was noted with 28.5mg/kg/day. Therapeutic benefit was evidenced by a reduced disease activity index, weight loss and damage score, plus a 36% lower colonic myeloperoxidase and a 54% lower alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, a decreased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ and TNFα) by mesenteric lymph node cells was observed ex vivo. The colonic expression of proinflammatory genes, including IFNγ, TNFα, CXCL1, S100A8 and IL-1β, was significantly reduced by more than 80% with rutin as assessed by RT-qPCR. Flavonoid treated mice exhibited decreased activation of splenic CD4+ cells (STAT4 phosphorylation and IFNγ expression) and reduced plasma cytokine levels. This effect was also apparent in mucosal lymphocytes based on reduced STAT4 phosphorylation. The protective effect was comparable to that of 3mg/kg/day budesonide. Rutin had no effect on splenocytes or murine T cells in vitro, while its aglycone, quercetin, exhibited a concentration dependent inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFNγ. Rutin but not quercetin showed vectorial basolateral to apical transport in IEC18 cells, associated with reduced biotransformation. We conclude that rutin exerts intestinal antiinflammatory activity in chronic, T lymphocyte dependent colitis via quercetin release and actions involving mucosal and lymph node T cells. Our results suggest that rutin may be useful in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in appropriate dosage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mascaraque
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Carlos Aranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Borja Ocón
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Monte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, HEVEFARM, IBSAL, CIBERehd, University of Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Suárez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio Zarzuelo
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - José Juan García Marín
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, HEVEFARM, IBSAL, CIBERehd, University of Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Olga Martínez-Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Fermín Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Peluso I, Miglio C, Morabito G, Ioannone F, Serafini M. Flavonoids and Immune Function in Human: A Systematic Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:383-95. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.656770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ren Z, He C, Fan Y, Guo L, Si H, Wang Y, Shi Z, Zhang H. Immuno-enhancement effects of ethanol extract from Cyrtomium macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:769-775. [PMID: 24960181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyrtomium macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa has been traditionally used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of various infectious diseases such as tapeworm infestation, colds, and viral diseases. However, no systematic study of the immunity of Cyrtomium macrophyllum ethanol extracts (CM) has yet been reported. The present work evaluates these traits. MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 male BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups of 20 mice each: (1) normal group (sterile physiological saline), which served as a blank control; (2) model group (Cyclophosphamide, CY) group (sterile physiological saline), which served as a negative control; (3) low-dose CM (50 mg/kg BW); (4) intermediate-dose CM (100 mg/kg BW); (5) high-dose CM (200 mg/kg BW); (6) CM group (200 mg/kg BW). CY (0.2 ml) was administered via intraperitoneal injection. The other regimens were administered via gavage in 0.2 ml solution. Phytochemical of CM was characterized by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap. The acute toxicity effect of the ethanol extract of Cyrtomium macrophyllum was also investigated. RESULTS The spleen and thymus indices of mice receiving low, intermediate, and high doses of CM recovered more quickly than those of CY mice, and they did so in a dose-dependent manner. These mice also showed higher T cell and B cell proliferation responses and macrophage function than those of CY mice, and their serum levels of interleukin-6 and interferon-γ had become normal. In acute toxicity test, CM exhibited no mortality and behavioral changes in mice. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins to be the major compounds present in the extract, at 27.64%, 30.87%, and 11.22%, respectively. We found that 16 compounds were characterized by the interpretation of their mass spectra obtained by the MS/MS. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrates that Cyrtomium macrophyllum ethanol extract improved immune function in CY-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenghua He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanhong Fan
- Wujiang Agricultural Commission, Wujiang 215200, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Huimin Si
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiyu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Krifa M, Mustapha N, Ghedira Z, Ghedira K, Pizzi A, Chekir-Ghedira L. Limoniastrum guyonianummethanol extract induces immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by activating cellular anti-oxidant activity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:84-91. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.908297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Structure-activity association of flavonoids in lung diseases. Molecules 2014; 19:3570-95. [PMID: 24662074 PMCID: PMC6271797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19033570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds classified into flavonols, flavones, flavanones, isoflavones, catechins, anthocyanidins, and chalcones according to their chemical structures. They are abundantly found in Nature and over 8,000 flavonoids have from different sources, mainly plant materials, have been described. Recently reports have shown the valuable effects of flavonoids as antiviral, anti-allergic, antiplatelet, antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents and interest in these compounds has been increasing since they can be helpful to human health. Several mechanisms of action are involved in the biological properties of flavonoids such as free radical scavenging, transition metal ion chelation, activation of survival genes and signaling pathways, regulation of mitochondrial function and modulation of inflammatory responses. The anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids have been described in a number of studies in the literature, but not frequently associated to respiratory disease. Thus, this review aims to discuss the effects of different flavonoids in the control of lung inflammation in some disorders such as asthma, lung emphysema and acute respiratory distress syndrome and the possible mechanisms of action, as well as establish some structure-activity relationships between this biological potential and chemical profile of these compounds.
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Cho SA, Cha SR, Park SM, Kim KH, Lee HG, Kim EY, Lee D, Khang G. Effects of hesperidin loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds on growth behavior of costal cartilage cells in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:625-40. [PMID: 24588773 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.888304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It has been widely accepted that costal cartilage cells (CCs) have more excellent initial proliferation capacity than articular cartilage cells. Biodegradable synthetic polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was approved by Food and Drug Administration. Hesperidin has antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. Hesperidin loaded (0, 3, 5, and 10 wt.%) PLGA scaffolds were prepared and in vitro and in vivo properties were characterized. Scaffolds were seeded with CCs isolated from rabbit, which were kept in culture to harvest for histological analysis. Hesperidin/PLGA scaffolds were also implanted in nude mice for 7 and 28 days. Assays of 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST), and scanning electron microscope were carried out to evaluate attachment and proliferation of CCs in hesperidin/PLGA scaffolds. Glycosaminoglycan assay was performed to confirm the effects of hesperidin on extracellular matrix formation. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was carried out to confirm the expression of the specific genes for CCs. In these results, we demonstrated that cell attachment and proliferation on hesperidin/PLGA scaffolds were more excellent compared with on PLGA scaffold. Specially, 5 wt.% hesperidin/PLGA scaffold represented the best results among other scaffolds. Thus, 5 wt.% hesperidin/PLGA scaffold will be applicable to tissue engineering cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ah Cho
- a Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Center , Chonbuk National University , 567, Beackje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju 561-756 , Korea
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Patel K, Gadewar M, Tahilyani V, Patel DK. A review on pharmacological and analytical aspects of diosmetin: A concise report. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:792-800. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Krifa M, Bouhlel I, Ghedira-Chekir L, Ghedira K. Immunomodulatory and cellular anti-oxidant activities of an aqueous extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum gall. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:243-249. [PMID: 23291535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many studies have been performed to assess the potential utility of natural products as immunomodulatory agents to enhance host responses to disease/infection/etc. or to ameliorate immune based pathologies (i.e., inflammation, autoimmune associated diseases, etc.). In this particular study, the immunomodulatory potential of gall aqueous extract from Limoniastrum guyonianum Boiss. (Zita) was assessed in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of G extract on splenocytes proliferation and NK activity were assessed by MTT test. The induction of NO production and the phagocytic activity of macrophages were evaluated in vitro. Activation of the cellular anti-oxidant activity in splenocytes was determined by measuring the fluorescence of the DCF product. RESULTS The studies first demonstrated that the extract could enhance lysosomal enzyme activity and nitrite oxide production in murine peritoneal macrophages, suggesting a potential role in activation of these cells. In studies to assess potential effects on humoral immunity, the results indicated that the extract could significantly promote LPS-stimulated splenocyte proliferation implying a potential activation of B-cells and enhanced humoral immune responses in hosts given this natural product. In studies to assess any effects of extract on cellular immunity, the results showed that the extract significantly enhanced the killing activity of isolated NK cells but had negligible effects on mitogen-induced proliferation of splenic T-cells. Considerable effects were also observed on the cellular anti-oxidant activity. CONCLUSION We conclude from these studies that aqueous extract from L. guyonianum gall exhibited an immunomodulator effect which could be ascribed, in part, to its cytoprotective effect via its anti-oxidant capacity. Furthermore, these results suggest that L. guyonianum gall extract contains potent components such as flavonoids which should be potentially used to modulate immune cell functions in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Krifa
- Unité de Pharmacognosie/Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Tunisia
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Shi JY, Zou XB, Zhao JW, Mel H, Wang KL, Wang X, Chen H. Determination of total flavonoids content in fresh Ginkgo biloba leaf with different colors using near infrared spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 94:271-276. [PMID: 22522302 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Total flavonoids content is often considered an important quality index of Ginkgo biloba leaf. The feasibility of using near infrared (NIR) spectra at the wavelength range of 10,000-4000cm(-1) for rapid and nondestructive determination of total flavonoids content in G. biloba leaf was investigated. 120 fresh G. biloba leaves in different colors (green, green-yellowish and yellow) were used to spectra acquisition and total flavonoids determination. Partial least squares (PLS), interval partial least squares (iPLS) and synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS) were used to develop calibration models for total flavonoids content in two colors leaves (green-yellowish and yellow) and three colors leaves (green, green-yellowish and yellow), respectively. The level of total flavonoids content for green, green-yellowish and yellow leaves was in an increasing order. Two characteristic wavelength regions (5840-6090cm(-1) and 6620-6880cm(-1)), which corresponded to the absorptions of two aromatic rings in basic flavonoid structure, were selected by SiPLS. The optimal SiPLS model for total flavonoids content in the two colors leaves (r(2)=0.82, RMSEP=2.62mg g(-1)) had better performance than PLS and iPLS models. It could be concluded that NIR spectroscopy has significant potential in the nondestructive determination of total flavonoids content in fresh G. biloba leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-yong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Nitric Oxide-Donating Derivatives of Chrysin Stimulate Angiogenesis and Upregulating VEGF Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the development of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, requires the coordinate activation of endothelial cells, which migrate and proliferate to form functional vessels. Endothelial dysfunction and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability may underscore the impairment of angiogenesis. As such, the delivery of exogenous NO is an attractive therapeutic option that has been used to therapeutic angiogenesis. In this paper, a novel group of hybrid nitric oxide-releasing chrysin derivatives was synthesized. The results indicated that all these chrysin derivatives exhibited promotion of endothelial migration and tubulogenesis in vitro as well as stimulation angiogenesis in vivo.Furthermore, all compounds released NO upon incubation with phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and enhanced VEGF secretion and VEGF mRNA expression of endothelial cells. These hybrid ester NO donor prodrugs offer a potential drug design concept for the development of therapeutic or preventive agents for angiogenesis deficiency due to ischemic diseases.
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Kim YJ, Kim YA, Yokozawa T. Pycnogenol modulates apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in high glucose-treated renal tubular cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2196-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ben Sghaier M, Krifa M, Mensi R, Bhouri W, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. In vitroandin vivoimmunomodulatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities ofTeucrium ramosissimumextracts. J Immunotoxicol 2011; 8:288-97. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2011.595741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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HANIEH H, NARABARA K, TANAKA Y, GU Z, ABE A, KONDO Y. Immunomodulatory effects of Alliums and Ipomoea batata extracts on lymphocytes and macrophages functions in White Leghorn chickens: In vitro study. Anim Sci J 2011; 83:68-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00918.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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González R, Ballester I, López-Posadas R, Suárez MD, Zarzuelo A, Martínez-Augustin O, Sánchez de Medina F. Effects of flavonoids and other polyphenols on inflammation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011; 51:331-62. [PMID: 21432698 DOI: 10.1080/10408390903584094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a family of polyphenolic compounds which are widespread in nature (vegetables) and are consumed as part of the human diet in significant amounts. There are other types of polyphenols, including, for example, tannins and resveratrol. Flavonoids and related polyphenolic compounds have significant antiinflammatory activity, among others. This short review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of flavonoids and related polyphenolic compounds on inflammation, with a focus on structural requirements, the mechanisms involved, and pharmacokinetic considerations. Different molecular (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) and cellular targets (macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, endothelium) have been identified. In addition, many flavonoids display significant antioxidant/radical scavenging properties. There is substantial structural variation in these compounds, which is bound to have an impact on their biological profile, and specifically on their effects on inflammatory conditions. However, in general terms there is substantial consistency in the effects of these compounds despite considerable structural variations. The mechanisms have been studied mainly in myeloid cells, where the predominant effect is an inhibition of NF-κB signaling and the downregulation of the expression of proinflammatory markers. At present there is a gap in knowledge of in vitro and in vivo effects, although the pharmacokinetics of flavonoids has advanced considerably in the last decade. Many flavonoids have been studied for their intestinal antiinflammatory activity which is only logical, since the gastrointestinal tract is naturally exposed to them. However, their potential therapeutic application in inflammation is not restricted to this organ and extends to other sites and conditions, including arthritis, asthma, encephalomyelitis, and atherosclerosis, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- R González
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Sghaier MB, Harizi H, Louhichi T, Krifa M, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activities of leaf extracts and sesquiterpene from Teucrium ramosissimum (Lamiaceae). Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2011; 33:656-62. [PMID: 21428716 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2011.558903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Teucrium ramosissimum (Lamiaceae) is a native and endemic medicinal plant from South of Tunisia traditionally used for the treatment of many diseases. The anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activities of sesquiterpene (β-eudesmol), chloroform, and ethyl acetate leaf extracts from T. ramosissimum were assayed. Macrophage phagocytic activity and lymphocyte proliferation in the absence and presence of mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] or lectin) were investigated. Depending on the concentrations, the extracts affect macrophage functions by modulating their lysosomal enzyme activity and nitric oxide (NO) release. For lymphocyte proliferation assay, tested extracts enhance significantly cell proliferation either with or without mitogen stimulation. These results suggest that leaf extracts from T. ramosissimum contain potent components such as flavonoids that may be potentially useful for modulating immune cell functions in physiological and pathological conditions. Antiulcerogenic activity was examined on rat ethanol-induced ulcerogenic model. Compared with control (cimetidine), leaf extracts from T. ramosissimum exert different protective effects against ethanol-induced ulcerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben Sghaier
- Unity of Pharmacognosy/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Davicino R, Zettler G, Brizi MR, Marrassini C, Ferraro G, Filip R, Anesini C. In vivo immunomodulatory effect of Tilia x viridis extracts on normal lymphocyte proliferation: a direct and an indirect action. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1342-7. [PMID: 21328620 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The flowers of Tilia species have been used in Europe for many years to treat colds, bronchitis, fever, inflammations and influenza. It is well known that lymphocytes play a role in acquired immunity related to pathogens and tumor cells attachment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an aqueous (AE) and a dichloromethane extract (DM) from Tilia x viridis which is widely used and distributed in Argentina, on normal murine lymphocyte proliferation after being administered to mice. Both extracts presented a stimulatory effect on normal murine lymphocyte proliferation. The effect exerted by DM was principally related to macrophage activation, meanwhile AE exerted an important direct effect on lymphocytes related to the rutin presence. The stimulating effect, exerted on normal lymphocytes was due to a protective effect of apoptosis and also to cell IL2 production.
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Harizi H, Chaabane F, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Inhibition of proinflammatory macrophage responses and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro by ethyl acetate leaf extract from Daphne gnidium. Cell Immunol 2011; 267:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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