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Delligatti CE, Kirk JA. Glycation in the cardiomyocyte. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2024; 125:47-88. [PMID: 38997172 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a protein post-translational modification that can occur on lysine and arginine residues as a result of a non-enzymatic process known as the Maillard reaction. This modification is irreversible, so the only way it can be removed is by protein degradation and replacement. Small reactive carbonyl species, glyoxal and methylglyoxal, are the primary glycating agents and are elevated in several conditions associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking, and aging. Thus, how protein glycation impacts the cardiomyocyte is of particular interest, to both understand how these conditions increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and how glycation might be targeted therapeutically. Glycation can affect the cardiomyocyte through extracellular mechanisms, including RAGE-based signaling, glycation of the extracellular matrix that modifies the mechanical environment, and signaling from the vasculature. Intracellular glycation of the cardiomyocyte can impact calcium handling, protein quality control and cell death pathways, as well as the cytoskeleton, resulting in a blunted contractility. While reducing protein glycation and its impact on the heart has been an active area of drug development, multiple clinical trials have had mixed results and these compounds have not been translated to the clinic-highlighting the challenges of modulating myocyte glycation. Here we will review protein glycation and its effects on the cardiomyocyte, therapeutic attempts to reverse these, and offer insight as to the future of glycation studies and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Delligatti
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States.
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2
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Xie J, Lin H, Zuo A, Shao J, Sun W, Wang S, Song J, Yao W, Luo Y, Sun J, Wang M. The JMJD family of histone demethylase and their intimate links to cardiovascular disease. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111046. [PMID: 38242266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate and mortality rate of cardiovascular disease rank first in the world. It is associated with various high-risk factors, and there is no single cause. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or histone modification, actively participate in the initiation and development of cardiovascular diseases. Histone lysine methylation is a type of histone post-translational modification. The human Jumonji C domain (JMJD) protein family consists of more than 30 members. JMJD proteins participate in many key nuclear processes and play a key role in the specific regulation of gene expression, DNA damage and repair, and DNA replication. Importantly, increasing evidence shows that JMJD proteins are abnormally expressed in cardiovascular diseases, which may be a potential mechanism for the occurrence and development of these diseases. Here, we discuss the key roles of JMJD proteins in various common cardiovascular diseases. This includes histone lysine demethylase, which has been studied in depth, and less-studied JMJD members. Furthermore, we focus on the epigenetic changes induced by each JMJD member, summarize recent research progress, and evaluate their relationship with cardiovascular diseases and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Anna Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junqiao Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shaoting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianda Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanyu Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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3
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Renzone G, Arena S, Scaloni A. Cross-linking reactions in food proteins and proteomic approaches for their detection. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:861-898. [PMID: 34250627 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various protein cross-linking reactions leading to molecular polymerization and covalent aggregates have been described in processed foods. They are an undesired side effect of processes designed to reduce bacterial load, extend shelf life, and modify technological properties, as well as being an expected result of treatments designed to modify raw material texture and function. Although the formation of these products is known to affect the sensory and technological properties of foods, the corresponding cross-linking reactions and resulting protein polymers have not yet undergone detailed molecular characterization. This is essential for describing how their generation can be related to food processing conditions and quality parameters. Due to the complex structure of cross-linked species, bottom-up proteomic procedures developed to characterize various amino acid modifications associated with food processing conditions currently offer a limited molecular description of bridged peptide structures. Recent progress in cross-linking mass spectrometry for the topological characterization of protein complexes has facilitated the development of various proteomic methods and bioinformatic tools for unveiling bridged species, which can now also be used for the detailed molecular characterization of polymeric cross-linked products in processed foods. We here examine their benefits and limitations in terms of evaluating cross-linked food proteins and propose future scenarios for application in foodomics. They offer potential for understanding the protein cross-linking formation mechanisms in processed foods, and how the inherent beneficial properties of treated foodstuffs can be preserved or enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Renzone
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Arena
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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4
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Ahmed LA, Shiha NA, Attia AS. Escitalopram Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats via Modulation of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Downstream Signaling Cascades. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:579206. [PMID: 33384599 PMCID: PMC7770111 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been recognized as a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, studies have shown the prevalence of depression among people with diabetes. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the possible beneficial effects of escitalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on metabolic changes and cardiac complications in type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by feeding the rats high fat-high fructose diet (HFFD) for 8 weeks followed by a subdiabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg, i. p.). Treatment with escitalopram (10 mg/kg/day; p. o.) was then initiated for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, electrocardiography was performed and blood samples were collected for determination of glycemic and lipid profiles. Animals were then euthanized and heart samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological examinations. Escitalopram alleviated the HFFD/STZ-induced metabolic and cardiac derangements as evident by improvement of oxidative stress, inflammatory, fibrogenic and apoptotic markers in addition to hypertrophy and impaired conduction. These results could be secondary to its beneficial effects on the glycemic control and hence the reduction of receptor for advanced glycation end products content as revealed in the present study. In conclusion, escitalopram could be considered a favorable antidepressant medication in diabetic patients as it seems to positively impact the glycemic control in diabetes in addition to prevention of its associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesma A Shiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amina S Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Guo Z, Lu J, Li J, Wang P, Li Z, Zhong Y, Guo K, Wang J, Ye J, Liu P. JMJD3 inhibition protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing β-MHC expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 477:1-14. [PMID: 29753027 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 (JMJD3), a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase, has been extensively studied for their participation in development, cellular physiology and a variety of diseases. However, its potential roles in cardiovascular system remain unknown. In this study, we found that JMJD3 played a pivotal role in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. JMJD3 expression was elevated by isoproterenol (ISO) stimuli both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of wild-type JMJD3, but not the demethylase-defective mutant, promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, as implied by increased cardiomyocyte surface area and the expression of hypertrophy marker genes. In contrary, JMJD3 silencing or its inhibitor GSK-J4 suppressed ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, JMJD3 was recruited to demethylate H3K27me3 at the promoter of β-MHC to promote its expression and cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, our results reveal that JMJD3 may be a key epigenetic regulator of β-MHC expression in cardiomyocytes and a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiteng Guo
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Janssens JV, Ma B, Brimble MA, Van Eyk JE, Delbridge LMD, Mellor KM. Cardiac troponins may be irreversibly modified by glycation: novel potential mechanisms of cardiac performance modulation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16084. [PMID: 30382112 PMCID: PMC6208411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic movements of the cardiac troponin complex are an important component of the cardiac cycle. Whether cardiac troponins are subjected to irreversible advanced glycation end-product (AGE) modification is unknown. This study interrogated human and rat cardiac troponin-C, troponin-I and troponin-T to identify endogenous AGE modifications using mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). AGE modifications were detected on two amino acid residues of human troponin-C (Lys6, Lys39), thirteen troponin-I residues (Lys36, Lys50, Lys58, Arg79, Lys117, Lys120, Lys131, Arg148, Arg162, Lys164, Lys183, Lys193, Arg204), and three troponin-T residues (Lys107, Lys125, Lys227). AGE modifications of three corresponding troponin-I residues (Lys58, Lys120, Lys194) and two corresponding troponin-T residues (Lys107, Lys227) were confirmed in cardiac tissue extracts from an experimental rodent diabetic model. Additionally, novel human troponin-I phosphorylation sites were detected (Thr119, Thr123). Accelerated AGE modification of troponin-C was evident in vitro with hexose sugar exposure. This study provides the first demonstration of the occurrence of cardiac troponin complex AGE-modifications. These irreversible AGE modifications are situated in regions of the troponin complex known to be important in myofilament relaxation, and may be of particular pathological importance in the pro-glycation environment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brendan Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Papadaki M, Holewinski RJ, Previs SB, Martin TG, Stachowski MJ, Li A, Blair CA, Moravec CS, Van Eyk JE, Campbell KS, Warshaw DM, Kirk JA. Diabetes with heart failure increases methylglyoxal modifications in the sarcomere, which inhibit function. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121264. [PMID: 30333300 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are at significantly higher risk of developing heart failure. Increases in advanced glycation end products are a proposed pathophysiological link, but their impact and mechanism remain incompletely understood. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a glycolysis byproduct, elevated in diabetes, and modifies arginine and lysine residues. We show that left ventricular myofilament from patients with diabetes and heart failure (dbHF) exhibited increased MG modifications compared with nonfailing controls (NF) or heart failure patients without diabetes. In skinned NF human and mouse cardiomyocytes, acute MG treatment depressed both calcium sensitivity and maximal calcium-activated force in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, dbHF myocytes were resistant to myofilament functional changes from MG treatment, indicating that myofilaments from dbHF patients already had depressed function arising from MG modifications. In human dbHF and MG-treated mice, mass spectrometry identified increased MG modifications on actin and myosin. Cosedimentation and in vitro motility assays indicate that MG modifications on actin and myosin independently depress calcium sensitivity, and mechanistically, the functional consequence requires actin/myosin interaction with thin-filament regulatory proteins. MG modification of the myofilament may represent a critical mechanism by which diabetes induces heart failure, as well as a therapeutic target to avoid the development of or ameliorate heart failure in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papadaki
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Samantha Beck Previs
- University of Vermont, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marisa J Stachowski
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy Li
- University of Vermont, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Cheavar A Blair
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christine S Moravec
- The Cleveland Clinic, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kenneth S Campbell
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - David M Warshaw
- University of Vermont, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Jonathan A Kirk
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Biological Activities, Health Benefits, and Therapeutic Properties of Avenanthramides: From Skin Protection to Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6015351. [PMID: 30245775 PMCID: PMC6126071 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6015351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal known since antiquity as a useful grain with abundant nutritional and health benefits. It contains distinct molecular components with high antioxidant activity, such as tocopherols, tocotrienols, and flavanoids. In addition, it is a unique source of avenanthramides, phenolic amides containing anthranilic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid moieties, and endowed with major beneficial health properties because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects. In this review, we report on the biological activities of avenanthramides and their derivatives, including analogs produced in recombinant yeast, with a major focus on the therapeutic potential of these secondary metabolites in the treatment of aging-related human diseases. Moreover, we also present recent advances pointing to avenanthramides as interesting therapeutic candidates for the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) disease, a major cerebrovascular disorder affecting up to 0.5% of the human population. Finally, we highlight the potential of foodomics and redox proteomics approaches in outlining distinctive molecular pathways and redox protein modifications associated with avenanthramide bioactivities in promoting human health and contrasting the onset and progression of various pathologies. The paper is dedicated to the memory of Adelia Frison.
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Yang T, Miao Y, Zhang T, Mu N, Ruan L, Duan J, Zhu Y, Zhang R. Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits autophagy through regulation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways in a pressure-overload heart failure rat model. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:830-838. [PMID: 29574918 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
This study was designed to explore the relationship between ginsenoside Rb1 (Grb1) and high-load heart failure (HF) in rats.
Methods
The parameters of cardiac systolic function (left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVID), fraction shortening (FS) and mitral valves (MVs)) of rat hearts in each group were inspected by echocardiogram. The expressions of rat myocardial contractile proteins, autophagy-related proteins and the activation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways were detected by Western blot.
Key findings
LVPWT, FS, MVs and the expression of myocardial contractile proteins α-MHC, apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and signalling pathway involved proteins pAkt and mTOR were significantly reduced in the HF, HF+5 mg/kg Grb1 (HF+Grb1-5) and HF+Grb1+arachidonic acid (AA) groups with LVID, β-MHC, cell apoptosis, cell autophagy and Rho/ROCK significantly increased compared with the control group, of which the tendency was contrary to the HF+20 mg/kg Grb1 (HF+Grb1-20) group compared with the HF group (P < 0.05). In the HF+Grb1+AA group, there was no significant change in the above indexes compared with the HF group.
Conclusions
The results indicated that Grb1 can exert anti-HF function by inhibiting cardiomyocyte autophagy of rats through regulation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunbo Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ninghui Mu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Libo Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinlan Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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10
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Kopylova G, Nabiev S, Shchepkin D, Bershitsky S. Carbonylation of atrial myosin prolongs its interaction with actin. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2018; 47:11-18. [PMID: 28409219 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbonylation induced by hyperthyroidism suppresses force generation of skeletal myosin and sliding velocity of actin filaments in an in vitro motility assay. However, its effects on cardiac myosin at the molecular level have not been studied. Hyperthyroidism induces a change in expression of myosin heavy chains in ventricles, which may mask the effect of oxidation. In contrast to ventricular myosin, expression of myosin heavy chains in the atrium does not change upon hyperthyroidism and enables investigation of the effect of oxidation on cardiac myosin. We studied the influence of carbonylation, a type of protein oxidation, on the motor function of atrial myosin and Ca2+ regulation of actin-myosin interaction at the level of isolated proteins and single molecules using an in vitro motility assay and an optical trap. Carbonylation of atrial myosin prolonged its attached state on actin and decreased maximal sliding velocity of thin filaments over this myosin but did not affect the calcium sensitivity of the velocity. The results indicate that carbonylation of atrial myosin induced by hyperthyroidism can be a rate-limiting factor of atrium contractility and so participates in the genesis of heart failure in hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kopylova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya ul. 106, Yekaterinburg, 620049, Russia.
| | - S Nabiev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya ul. 106, Yekaterinburg, 620049, Russia
| | - D Shchepkin
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya ul. 106, Yekaterinburg, 620049, Russia
| | - S Bershitsky
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya ul. 106, Yekaterinburg, 620049, Russia
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11
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Bódi B, Tóth EP, Nagy L, Tóth A, Mártha L, Kovács Á, Balla G, Kovács T, Papp Z. Titin isoforms are increasingly protected against oxidative modifications in developing rat cardiomyocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:224-235. [PMID: 28943453 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the perinatal adaptation process N2BA titin isoforms are switched for N2B titin isoforms leading to an increase in cardiomyocyte passive tension (Fpassive). Here we attempted to reveal how titin isoform composition and oxidative insults (i.e. sulfhydryl (SH)-group oxidation or carbonylation) influence Fpassive of left ventricular (LV) cardiomyocytes during rat heart development. Moreover, we also examined a hypothetical protective role for titin associated small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), Hsp27 and αB-crystallin in the above processes. Single, permeabilized LV cardiomyocytes of the rat (at various ages following birth) were exposed either to 2,2'-dithiodipyridine (DTDP) to provoke SH-oxidation or Fenton reaction reagents (iron(II), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ascorbic acid) to induce protein carbonylation of cardiomyocytes in vitro. Thereafter, cardiomyocyte force measurements for Fpassive determinations and Western immunoblot assays were carried out for the semiquantitative determination of oxidized SH-groups or carbonyl-groups of titin isoforms and to monitor sHSPs' expressions. DTDP or Fenton reagents increased Fpassive in 0- and 7-day-old rats to relatively higher extents than in 21-day-old and adult animals. The degrees of SH-group oxidation or carbonylation declined with cardiomyocyte age to similar extents for both titin isoforms. Moreover, the above characteristics were mirrored by increasing levels of HSP27 and αB-crystallin expressions during cardiomyocyte development. Our data implicate a gradual build-up of a protective mechanism against titin oxidation through the upregulation of HSP27 and αB-crystallin expressions during postnatal cardiomyocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Bódi
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Enikő Pásztorné Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Nagy
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lilla Mártha
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kovács
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.
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12
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Pei Z, Deng Q, Babcock SA, He EY, Ren J, Zhang Y. Inhibition of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) rescues against streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy: Role of autophagy and ER stress. Toxicol Lett 2017; 284:10-20. [PMID: 29174818 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus leads to oxidative stress and contractile dysfunction in the heart. Although several rationales have been speculated, the precise mechanism behind diabetic cardiomyopathy remains elusive. This study was designed to assess the role of inhibition of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac contractile function was assessed in normal C57BL/6 and STZ (200mg/kg, single injection and maintained for 2 wks)-induced diabetic mice treated with or without the AGE inhibitor aminoguanidine (50mg/kg/d in drinking water) for 2 weeks using echocardiography and IonOptix MyoCam techniques. Diabetes compromised cardiac contractile function shown as reduced fractional shortening and ejection fraction, enlarged left ventricular end systolic/diastolic diameters, decreased peak shortening, maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening, prolonged shortening and relengthening duration as well as impaired intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, the effects of which were alleviated or reversed by aminoguanidine treatment. Diabetes also inhibited autophagy, increased ER stress and phosphorylation of pro-hypertrophic signaling molecules Akt and mTOR, the effect of which was reversed by aminoguanidine. In vitro study revealed that methylglyoxal-derived AGE (MG-AGE) incubation in isolated cardiomyocytes promoted oxidation of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and production of superoxide, the effects of which were negated by the autophagy inducer rapamycin, the ER stress chaperone TUDCA or the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Taken together, these data revealed that inhibition of AGE formation rescues against experimental diabetes-induced cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction possible through regulation of autophagy and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Pei
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, China
| | - Qinqin Deng
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, China
| | - Sara A Babcock
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Emily Y He
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 210032, China.
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 210032, China.
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13
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Mitochondria in Structural and Functional Cardiac Remodeling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:277-306. [PMID: 28551793 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The heart must function continuously as it is responsible for both supplying oxygen and nutrients throughout the entire body, as well as for the transport of waste products to excretory organs. When facing either a physiological or pathological increase in cardiac demand, the heart undergoes structural and functional remodeling as a means of adapting to increased workload. These adaptive responses can include changes in gene expression, protein composition, and structure of sub-cellular organelles involved in energy production and metabolism. Mitochondria are essential for cardiac function, as they supply the ATP necessary to support continuous cycles of contraction and relaxation. In addition, mitochondria carry out other important processes, including synthesis of essential cellular components, calcium buffering, and initiation of cell death signals. Not surprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to several cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion and heart failure. The present chapter will discuss how changes in mitochondrial cristae structure, fusion/fission dynamics, fatty acid oxidation, ATP production, and the generation of reactive oxygen species might impact cardiac structure and function, particularly in the context of pathological hypertrophy and fibrotic response. In addition, the mechanistic role of mitochondria in autophagy and programmed cell death of cardiomyocytes will be addressed. Here we will also review strategies to improve mitochondrial function and discuss their cardioprotective potential.
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14
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Colzani M, De Maddis D, Casali G, Carini M, Vistoli G, Aldini G. Reactivity, Selectivity, and Reaction Mechanisms of Aminoguanidine, Hydralazine, Pyridoxamine, and Carnosine as Sequestering Agents of Reactive Carbonyl Species: A Comparative Study. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1778-89. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Colzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Danilo De Maddis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Gaia Casali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
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15
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Akhmedov AT, Rybin V, Marín-García J. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and uncoupling proteins in the failing heart. Heart Fail Rev 2015; 20:227-49. [PMID: 25192828 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-014-9457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in cardiovascular medicine, myocardial ischemia and infarction, progressing eventually to the final end point heart failure (HF), remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. HF is a complex syndrome that results from any structural or functional impairment in ventricular filling or blood ejection. Ultimately, the heart's inability to supply the body's tissues with enough blood may lead to death. Mechanistically, the hallmarks of the failing heart include abnormal energy metabolism, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and defects in excitation-contraction coupling. HF is a highly dynamic pathological process, and observed alterations in cardiac metabolism and function depend on the disease progression. In the early stages, cardiac remodeling characterized by normal or slightly increased fatty acid (FA) oxidation plays a compensatory, cardioprotective role. However, upon progression of HF, FA oxidation and mitochondrial oxidative activity are decreased, resulting in a significant drop in cardiac ATP levels. In HF, as a compensatory response to decreased oxidative metabolism, glucose uptake and glycolysis are upregulated, but this upregulation is not sufficient to compensate for a drop in ATP production. Elevated mitochondrial ROS generation and ROS-mediated damage, when they overwhelm the cellular antioxidant defense system, induce heart injury and contribute to the progression of HF. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs), which promote proton leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane, have emerged as essential regulators of mitochondrial membrane potential, respiratory activity and ROS generation. Although the physiological role of UCP2 and UCP3, expressed in the heart, has not been clearly established, increasing evidence suggests that these proteins by promoting mild uncoupling could reduce mitochondrial ROS generation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ameliorate thereby myocardial function. Further investigation on the alterations in cardiac UCP activity and regulation will advance our understanding of their physiological roles in the healthy and diseased heart and also may facilitate the development of novel and more efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Akhmedov
- The Molecular Cardiology and Neuromuscular Institute, 75 Raritan Avenue, Highland Park, NJ, 08904, USA
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16
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Wilder T, Ryba DM, Wieczorek DF, Wolska BM, Solaro RJ. N-acetylcysteine reverses diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1720-30. [PMID: 26432840 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00339.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
S-glutathionylation of cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) induces Ca(2+) sensitization and a slowing of cross-bridge kinetics as a result of increased oxidative signaling. Although there is evidence for a role of oxidative stress in disorders associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), this mechanism is not well understood. We investigated whether oxidative myofilament modifications may be in part responsible for diastolic dysfunction in HCM. We administered N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 30 days to 1-mo-old wild-type mice and to transgenic mice expressing a mutant tropomyosin (Tm-E180G) and nontransgenic littermates. Tm-E180G hearts demonstrate a phenotype similar to human HCM. After NAC administration, the morphology and diastolic function of Tm-E180G mice was not significantly different from controls, indicating that NAC had reversed baseline diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy in our model. NAC administration also increased sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase protein expression, reduced extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, and normalized phosphorylation of phospholamban, as assessed by Western blot. Detergent-extracted fiber bundles from NAC-administered Tm-E180G mice showed nearly nontransgenic (NTG) myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity. Additionally, we found that NAC increased tension cost and rate of cross-bridge reattachment. Tm-E180G myofilaments were found to have a significant increase in S-glutathionylation of cMyBP-C, which was returned to NTG levels upon NAC administration. Taken together, our results indicate that oxidative myofilament modifications are an important mediator in diastolic function, and by relieving this modification we were able to reverse established diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanganyika Wilder
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - David M Ryba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David F Wieczorek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Beata M Wolska
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - R John Solaro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;
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17
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Breitkreuz M, Hamdani N. A change of heart: oxidative stress in governing muscle function? Biophys Rev 2015; 7:321-341. [PMID: 28510229 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-015-0175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox/cysteine modification of proteins that regulate calcium cycling can affect contraction in striated muscles. Understanding the nature of these modifications would present the possibility of enhancing cardiac function through reversible cysteine modification of proteins, with potential therapeutic value in heart failure with diastolic dysfunction. Both heart failure and muscular dystrophy are characterized by abnormal redox balance and nitrosative stress. Recent evidence supports the synergistic role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, in concert with endothelial dysfunction and impaired nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G signalling via modification of the giant protein titin. Although antioxidant therapeutics in heart failure with diastolic dysfunction have no marked beneficial effects on the outcome of patients, it, however, remains critical to the understanding of the complex interactions of oxidative/nitrosative stress with pro-inflammatory mechanisms, metabolic dysfunction, and the redox modification of proteins characteristic of heart failure. These may highlight novel approaches to therapeutic strategies for heart failure with diastolic dysfunction. In this review, we provide an overview of oxidative stress and its effects on pathophysiological pathways. We describe the molecular mechanisms driving oxidative modification of proteins and subsequent effects on contractile function, and, finally, we discuss potential therapeutic opportunities for heart failure with diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Breitkreuz
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, MA 3/56, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, MA 3/56, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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18
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Wang B, Li S, Meng X, Shang H, Guan Y. Inhibition of mdr1 by G-quadruplex oligonucleotides and reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human ovarian cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6433-43. [PMID: 25801244 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of ATP-dependent efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in cancer cells generally results in multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic drugs, which is the main cause of chemotherapy failure in cancer treatment. The intracellular drug levels could be increased by some MDR reversal agents that inhibited the drug efflux activity of P-gp. The synthesized DNA nucleic acids of G-quadruplex represent a novel and unique class of anti-cancer agents. While there was no report on the roles of DNA G-quadruplex oligonucleotides (GQ-ODNs) in the MDR reversal, the present study was performed to investigate the ability of synthesized GQ-ODNs to reverse P-gp-mediated MDR and its mechanism in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant SKOV3 (SKOV3/PTX) cells and their sensitive cell lines SKOV3. The ability of GQ-ODNs to reverse drug resistance was evaluated by MTS assay. The results showed that GQ-ODNs can reverse PTX resistance effectively. The potential of GQ-ODNs as reversal agents was evaluated with the nude mice tumor xenograft model and showed that the co-administration of the GQ-ODNs and PTX had better effects and was also more evident than treatment with only PTX. The P-gp expression was assessed by the Western blot; it showed that SKOV3/PTX cells showed highly expressed P-gp protein, while their sensitive cells scarcely showed P-gp. The presence of GQ-ODNs efficiently decreased the P-gp expression, showing that GQ-ODNs could reverse P-gp-mediated MDR by decreasing the expression of P-gp. This study indicated that GQ-ODNs could effectively reverse P-gp-mediated PTX resistance by inhibiting the expression of P-gp and by the co-administration of GQ-ODNs and PTX that could increase the apoptosis of SKOV3/PTX cells. Thus, the synthesized GQ-ODNs may be a potential inhibitor to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China,
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19
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Varga ZV, Giricz Z, Liaudet L, Haskó G, Ferdinandy P, Pacher P. Interplay of oxidative, nitrosative/nitrative stress, inflammation, cell death and autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:232-42. [PMID: 24997452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and heart failure. Diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction also underscores the development of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Despite the broad availability of antidiabetic therapy, glycemic control still remains a major challenge in the management of diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia triggers formation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), activates protein kinase C, enhances polyol pathway, glucose autoxidation, which coupled with elevated levels of free fatty acids, and leptin have been implicated in increased generation of superoxide anion by mitochondria, NADPH oxidases and xanthine oxidoreductase in diabetic vasculature and myocardium. Superoxide anion interacts with nitric oxide forming the potent toxin peroxynitrite via diffusion limited reaction, which in concert with other oxidants triggers activation of stress kinases, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-dependent cell death, dysregulates autophagy/mitophagy, inactivates key proteins involved in myocardial calcium handling/contractility and antioxidant defense, activates matrix metalloproteinases and redox-dependent pro-inflammatory transcription factors (e.g. nuclear factor kappaB) promoting inflammation, AGEs formation, eventually culminating in myocardial dysfunction, remodeling and heart failure. Understanding the complex interplay of oxidative/nitrosative stress with pro-inflammatory, metabolic and cell death pathways is critical to devise novel targeted therapies for diabetic cardiomyopathy, which will be overviewed in this brief synopsis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán V Varga
- Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD, USA; Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine BH 08-621-University Hospital Medical Center 1011 LAUSANNE Switzerland
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers NJ Medical School, USA
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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20
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Arena S, Salzano AM, Renzone G, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A. Non-enzymatic glycation and glycoxidation protein products in foods and diseases: an interconnected, complex scenario fully open to innovative proteomic studies. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:49-77. [PMID: 24114996 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction includes a complex network of processes affecting food and biopharmaceutical products; it also occurs in living organisms and has been strictly related to cell aging, to the pathogenesis of several (chronic) diseases, such as diabetes, uremia, cataract, liver cirrhosis and various neurodegenerative pathologies, as well as to peritoneal dialysis treatment. Dozens of compounds are involved in this process, among which a number of protein-adducted derivatives that have been simplistically defined as early, intermediate and advanced glycation end-products. In the last decade, various bottom-up proteomic approaches have been successfully used for the identification of glycation/glycoxidation protein targets as well as for the characterization of the corresponding adducts, including assignment of the modified amino acids. This article provides an updated overview of the mass spectrometry-based procedures developed to this purpose, emphasizing their partial limits with respect to current proteomic approaches for the analysis of other post-translational modifications. These limitations are mainly related to the concomitant sheer diversity, chemical complexity, and variable abundance of the various derivatives to be characterized. Some challenges to scientists are finally proposed for future proteomic investigations to solve main drawbacks in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Arena
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147, Naples, Italy
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21
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Tonon J, Guarnier FA, Brunnquell CR, Bernardes SS, Cecchini AL, Cecchini R. Oxidative status and chymotrypsin-like activity in right and left ventricle hypertrophy in an experimental model of emphysema. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2013; 20:249-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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22
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Reichelt ME, Mellor KM, Bell JR, Chandramouli C, Headrick JP, Delbridge LMD. Sex, sex steroids, and diabetic cardiomyopathy: making the case for experimental focus. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H779-92. [PMID: 23792676 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00141.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
More than three decades ago, the Framingham study revealed that cardiovascular risk is elevated for all diabetics and that this jeopardy is substantially accentuated for women in particular. Numerous studies have subsequently documented worsened cardiac outcomes for women. Given that estrogen and insulin exert major regulatory effects through common intracellular signaling pathways prominent in maintenance of cardiomyocyte function, a sex-hormone:diabetic-disease interaction is plausible. Underlying aspects of female cardiovascular pathophysiology that exaggerate cardiovascular diabetic risk may be identified, including increased vulnerability to coronary microvascular disease, age-dependent impairment of insulin-sensitivity, and differential susceptibility to hyperglycemia. Since Framingham, considerable progress has been made in the development of experimental models of diabetic disease states, including a diversity of genetic rodent models. Ample evidence indicates that animal models of both type 1 and 2 diabetes variably recapitulate aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy including diastolic and systolic dysfunction, and cardiac structural pathology including fibrosis, loss of compliance, and in some instances ventricular hypertrophy. Perplexingly, little of this work has explored the relevance and mechanisms of sexual dimorphism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Only a small number of experimental studies have addressed this question, yet the prospects for gaining important mechanistic insights from further experimental enquiry are considerable. The case for experimental interrogation of sex differences, and of sex steroid influences in the aetiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy, is particularly compelling-providing incentive for future investigation with ultimate therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Reichelt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal adducts are not formed on cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2) in diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 376:121-35. [PMID: 23354458 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported an elevated level of glucose-generated carbonyl adducts on cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2) in hearts of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. We also showed these adduct impaired RyR2 and SERCA2 activities, and altered evoked Ca(2+) transients. What is less clear is if lipid-derived malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) also chemically react with and impair RyR2 and SERCA2 activities in diabetes? This study used western blot assays with adduct-specific antibodies and confocal microscopy to assess levels of MDA, 4-HNE, N (ε)-carboxy(methyl)lysine (CML), pentosidine, and pyrraline adducts on RyR2 and SERCA2 and evoked intracellular transient Ca(2+) kinetics in myocytes from control, diabetic, and treated-diabetic rats. MDA and 4-HNE adducts were not detected on RyR2 and SERCA2 from either control or 8 weeks diabetic rats with altered evoked Ca(2+) transients. However, CML, pentosidine, and pyrraline adducts were elevated three- to five-fold (p < 0.05). Treating diabetic rats with pyridoxamine (a scavenger of reactive carbonyl species, RCS) or aminoguanidine (a mixed reactive oxygen species-RCS scavenger) reduced CML, pentosidine, and pyrraline adducts on RyR2 and SERCA2 and blunted SR Ca(2+) cycling changes. Treating diabetic rats with the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol had no impact on MDA and 4-HNE adducts on RyR2 and SERCA2, and on SR Ca(2+) cycling. From these data we conclude that lipid-derived MDA and 4-HNE adducts are not formed on RyR2 and SERCA2 in this model of diabetes, and are therefore unlikely to be directly contributing to the SR Ca(2+) dysregulation.
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Kumar V, Calamaras TD, Haeussler D, Colucci WS, Cohen RA, McComb ME, Pimentel D, Bachschmid MM. Cardiovascular redox and ox stress proteomics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1528-59. [PMID: 22607061 PMCID: PMC3448941 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative post-translational modifications (OPTMs) have been demonstrated as contributing to cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. These modifications have been identified using antibodies as well as advanced proteomic methods, and the functional importance of each is beginning to be understood using transgenic and gene deletion animal models. Given that OPTMs are involved in cardiovascular pathology, the use of these modifications as biomarkers and predictors of disease has significant therapeutic potential. Adequate understanding of the chemistry of the OPTMs is necessary to determine what may occur in vivo and which modifications would best serve as biomarkers. RECENT ADVANCES By using mass spectrometry, advanced labeling techniques, and antibody identification, OPTMs have become accessible to a larger proportion of the scientific community. Advancements in instrumentation, database search algorithms, and processing speed have allowed MS to fully expand on the proteome of OPTMs. In addition, the role of enzymatically reversible OPTMs has been further clarified in preclinical models. CRITICAL ISSUES The identification of OPTMs suffers from limitations in analytic detection based on the methodology, instrumentation, sample complexity, and bioinformatics. Currently, each type of OPTM requires a specific strategy for identification, and generalized approaches result in an incomplete assessment. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Novel types of highly sensitive MS instrumentation that allow for improved separation and detection of modified proteins and peptides have been crucial in the discovery of OPTMs and biomarkers. To further advance the identification of relevant OPTMs in advanced search algorithms, standardized methods for sample processing and depository of MS data will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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25
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Bachi A, Dalle-Donne I, Scaloni A. Redox Proteomics: Chemical Principles, Methodological Approaches and Biological/Biomedical Promises. Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300073p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bachi
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
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Oberbach A, Schlichting N, Heinrich M, Till H, Stolzenburg JU, Neuhaus J. Free fatty acid palmitate impairs the vitality and function of cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41026. [PMID: 22808290 PMCID: PMC3396599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Incidence of urinary tract infections is elevated in patients with diabetes mellitus. Those patients show increased levels of the saturated free fatty acid palmitate. As recently shown metabolic alterations induced by palmitate include production and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukine-6 (IL-6) in cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells (hBSMC). Here we studied the influence of palmitate on vital cell properties, for example, regulation of cell proliferation, mitochondrial enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity in hBSMC, and analyzed the involvement of major cytokine signaling pathways. Methodology/Principal Findings HBSMC cultures were set up from bladder tissue of patients undergoing cystectomy and stimulated with palmitate. We analyzed cell proliferation, mitochondrial enzyme activity, and antioxidant capacity by ELISA and confocal immunofluorescence. In signal transduction inhibition experiments we evaluated the involvement of NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MEK1, PI3K, and JNK in major cytokine signaling pathway regulation. We found: (i) palmitate decreased cell proliferation, increased mitochondrial enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity; (ii) direct inhibition of cytokine receptor by AG490 even more strongly suppressed cell proliferation in palmitate-stimulated cells, while counteracting palmitate-induced increase of antioxidant capacity; (iii) in contrast knockdown of the STAT3 inhibitor SOCS3 increased cell proliferation and antioxidant capacity; (iv) further downstream JAK/STAT3 signaling cascade the inhibition of PI3K or JNK enhanced palmitate induced suppression of cell proliferation; (v) increase of mitochondrial enzyme activity by palmitate was enhanced by inhibition of PI3K but counteracted by inhibition of MEK1. Conclusions/Significance Saturated free fatty acids (e.g., palmitate) cause massive alterations in vital cell functions of cultured hBSMC involving distinct major cytokine signaling pathways. Thereby, certain cytokines might counteract the palmitate-induced downregulation of cell proliferation and vitality. This could be an important link to clinical findings of increased risk of metabolic related bladder diseases such as overactive bladder (OAB) and bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Oberbach
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Schlichting
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Heinrich
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Urology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Till
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jochen Neuhaus
- Department of Urology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Shao CH, Tian C, Ouyang S, Moore CJ, Alomar F, Nemet I, D'Souza A, Nagai R, Kutty S, Rozanski GJ, Ramanadham S, Singh J, Bidasee KR. Carbonylation induces heterogeneity in cardiac ryanodine receptor function in diabetes mellitus. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:383-99. [PMID: 22648972 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.078352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure and arrhythmias occur at 3 to 5 times higher rates among individuals with diabetes mellitus, compared with age-matched, healthy individuals. Studies attribute these defects in part to alterations in the function of cardiac type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), the principal Ca(2+)-release channels on the internal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). To date, mechanisms underlying RyR2 dysregulation in diabetes remain poorly defined. A rat model of type 1 diabetes, in combination with echocardiography, in vivo and ex vivo hemodynamic studies, confocal microscopy, Western blotting, mass spectrometry, site-directed mutagenesis, and [(3)H]ryanodine binding, lipid bilayer, and transfection assays, was used to determine whether post-translational modification by reactive carbonyl species (RCS) represented a contributing cause. After 8 weeks of diabetes, spontaneous Ca(2+) release in ventricular myocytes increased ~5-fold. Evoked Ca(2+) release from the SR was nonuniform (dyssynchronous). Total RyR2 protein levels remained unchanged, but the ability to bind the Ca(2+)-dependent ligand [(3)H]ryanodine was significantly reduced. Western blotting and mass spectrometry revealed RCS adducts on select basic residues. Mutation of residues to delineate the physiochemical impact of carbonylation yielded channels with enhanced or reduced cytoplasmic Ca(2+) responsiveness. The prototype RCS methylglyoxal increased and then decreased the RyR2 open probability. Methylglyoxal also increased spontaneous Ca(2+) release and induced Ca(2+) waves in healthy myocytes. Treatment of diabetic rats with RCS scavengers normalized spontaneous and evoked Ca(2+) release from the SR, reduced carbonylation of RyR2s, and increased binding of [(3)H]ryanodine to RyR2s. From these data, we conclude that post-translational modification by RCS contributes to the heterogeneity in RyR2 activity that is seen in experimental diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hong Shao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5800, USA
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Song H, Zandstra PW, Radisic M. Engineered heart tissue model of diabetic myocardium. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:1869-78. [PMID: 21417718 PMCID: PMC11265704 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction resulting in irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs) is a leading cause of heart failure. Previously, we reported an in vitro test-bed for screening cell integration between injected test cells and host CM using the engineered heart tissue as a recipient. The objective of this study is to expand our system to diabetic cardiomyopathy conditions. Patients with diabetes show dysfunction of CMs independent of myocardial infarction, indicating that diabetes directly affects CMs. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and developing a diabetic CM test-bed could enable drug screening studies specific to the diabetic heart. Diabetic cardiac conditions were mimicked by cultivating neonatal rat CMs seeded onto collagen scaffolds in normal or high glucose with or without insulin. Our results show that high glucose conditions, which mimic diabetic hearts, display poor electrical properties. Gene expression profiles from diabetic, adult, and neonatal rat hearts as well as engineered heart tissues under different conditions were compared. The diabetic rat heart and high glucose conditions increased the ratio of myosin heavy-chain isoform β to α indicative of diseased states; thus, this model system captures some molecular aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Moreover, thiazolidinedione diabetic drug treatment improved electrical excitabilities and exhibited anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Song
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter W. Zandstra
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tian C, Shao CH, Moore CJ, Kutty S, Walseth T, DeSouza C, Bidasee KR. Gain of function of cardiac ryanodine receptor in a rat model of type 1 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 91:300-9. [PMID: 21421556 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ventricular myocytes isolated from hearts of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats exhibit increased spontaneous Ca(2+) release. Studies attribute this defect to an enhancement in activity of type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2). To date, underlying reasons for RyR2 dysregulation remain undefined. This study assesses whether the responsiveness of RyR2 following stimulation by intrinsic ligands is being altered during experimental type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS AND RESULTS M-mode echocardiography established a cardiomyopathy in 8 weeks STZ-diabetic rats. Confocal microscopy confirmed an increase in the spontaneous Ca(2+) release in isolated ventricular myocytes. Western blots revealed no significant change in steady-state levels of the RyR2 protein. When purified to homogeneity and incorporated into planar lipid bilayers, RyR2 from STZ-diabetic rats (dRyR2) exhibited reduced current amplitude at ±35 mV. dRyR2 was also more responsive to intrinsic cytoplasmic activators Ca(2+), adenosine triphosphate, and cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose and less responsive to the cytoplasmic deactivator Mg(2+). Threshold for the activation of RyR2 by trans (luminal) Ca(2+) was also reduced. These changes were independent of phosphorylation at Ser2808 and Ser2814. Two weeks of insulin treatment starting after 6 weeks of diabetes blunted the phenotype change, indicating that the gain of function is specific to the diabetes and not the result of STZ interacting directly with RyR2. CONCLUSION These data show, for the first time, that RyR2 is acquiring a gain-of-function phenotype independent of its phosphorylation status during T1D and provides new insights for the enhanced spontaneous Ca(2+) release in myocytes from T1D rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengju Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
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Shao CH, Capek HL, Patel KP, Wang M, Tang K, DeSouza C, Nagai R, Mayhan W, Periasamy M, Bidasee KR. Carbonylation contributes to SERCA2a activity loss and diastolic dysfunction in a rat model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2011; 60:947-59. [PMID: 21300842 PMCID: PMC3046856 DOI: 10.2337/db10-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 25% of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes will develop diastolic dysfunction. This defect, which is characterized by an increase in time to cardiac relaxation, results in part from a reduction in the activity of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a), the ATP-driven pump that translocates Ca(2+) from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. To date, mechanisms responsible for SERCA2a activity loss remain incompletely characterized. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced murine model of type 1 diabetes, in combination with echocardiography, high-speed video detection, confocal microscopy, ATPase and Ca(2+) uptake assays, Western blots, mass spectrometry, and site-directed mutagenesis, were used to assess whether modification by reactive carbonyl species (RCS) contributes to SERCA2a activity loss. RESULTS After 6-7 weeks of diabetes, cardiac and myocyte relaxation times were prolonged. Total ventricular SERCA2a protein remained unchanged, but its ability to hydrolyze ATP and transport Ca(2+) was significantly reduced. Western blots and mass spectroscopic analyses revealed carbonyl adducts on select basic residues of SERCA2a. Mutating affected residues to mimic physio-chemical changes induced on them by RCS reduced SERCA2a activity. Preincubating with the RCS, methylglyoxal (MGO) likewise reduced SERCA2a activity. Mutating an impacted residue to chemically inert glutamine did not alter SERCA2a activity, but it blunted MGO's effect. Treating STZ-induced diabetic animals with the RCS scavenger, pyridoxamine, blunted SERCA2a activity loss and minimized diastolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These data identify carbonylation as a novel mechanism that contributes to SERCA2a activity loss and diastolic dysfunction during type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hong Shao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Haley L. Capek
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Cyrus DeSouza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Laboratory of Nutritional Science and Biochemistry, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - William Mayhan
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Keshore R. Bidasee
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Environmental, Occupational, and Agricultural Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Nebraska Center for Redox Biology, Lincoln, Nebraska
- Corresponding author: Keshore R. Bidasee,
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