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Pan M, Geng W, Wang Y, Tsunoda M, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yang H, Li LS, Song S, Liang J, Song Y. Simultaneous determination of five constituents of areca nut extract in rat plasma using UPLC-MS/MS and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 245:116158. [PMID: 38643703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Areca nuts have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Recent studies have shown that it exhibits good pharmacological activity and toxicity. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of five major components of areca nut extract in rats were investigated using a highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. Arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline, guvacine, and catechin were separated and quantified accurately using gradient elution with mobile phases of (A) water containing 0.1 % formic acid-10 mM ammonium formate, and (B) methanol. The constituents were detected under a timing switch between the positive and negative ion modes using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Each calibration curve had a high R2 value of >0.99. The method accuracies ranged -7.09-11.05 % and precision values were less than 14.36 %. The recovery, matrix effect, selectivity, stability, and carry-over of the method were in accordance with the relevant requirements. It was successfully applied for the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of these five constituents after oral administration of areca nut extract. Pharmacokinetic results indirectly indicated a metabolic relationship between the four areca nut alkaloids in rats. For further clarification of its pharmacodynamic basis, this study provided a theoretical reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Wenfeng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuanxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Makoto Tsunoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jiatong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Haimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Lu-Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shiwen Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jinqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Yanting Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
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Delvau N, Elens L, Penaloza A, Liistro G, Thys F, Roy P, Gianello P, Hantson P. Carboxyhemoglobin half-life toxicokinetic profiles during and after normobaric oxygen therapy: On a swine model. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:271-279. [PMID: 38433766 PMCID: PMC10907397 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigations on acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning struggle to highlight a relevant discriminant criterion related to CO poisoning severity for predicting complications, such as delayed neurological syndromes. In this context, it remains difficult to demonstrate the superiority of one method of oxygen (O2) administration over others or to identify the optimal duration of normobaric 100% oxygen (NBO) treatment. Myoglobin, as hemoglobin, are a potential binding site for CO, which could be a source of extravascular CO storage that impacts the severity of CO poisoning. It is not possible in routine clinical practice to estimate this potential extravascular CO storage. Indirect means of doing so that are available in the first few hours of poisoning could include, for example, the carboxyhemoglobin half-life (COHbt1/2), which seems to be influenced itself by the level and duration of CO exposure affecting this store of CO within the body. However, before the elimination of CO can be assessed, the COHbt1/2 toxicokinetic model must be confirmed: research still debates whether this model mono- or bi-compartmental. The second indirect mean could be the assessment of a potential COHb rebound after COHb has returned to 5% and NBO treatment has stopped. Moreover, a COHb rebound could be considered to justify the duration of NBO treatment. On an experimental swine model exposed to moderate CO poisoning (940 ppm for ±118 min until COHb reached 30%), we first confirm that the COHb half-life follows a bi-compartmental model. Secondly, we observe for the first time a slight COHb rebound when COHb returns to 5% and oxygen therapy is stopped. On the basis of these two toxicokinetic characteristics in favor of extravascular CO storage, we recommend that COHbt1/2 is considered using the bi-compartmental model in future clinical studies that compare treatment effectiveness as a potential severity criterion to homogenize cohorts of the same severity. Moreover, from a general toxicokinetic point of view, we confirm that a treatment lasting less than 6 hours appears to be insufficient for treating moderate CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Delvau
- Department of Emergency Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - L. Elens
- Integrated Pharmacometrics, Pharmacogenomics and PharmacoKinetics (PMGK) Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
- Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200 , Belgium
| | - A. Penaloza
- Department of Emergency Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - G. Liistro
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - F. Thys
- Emergency Department, GHDC: Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi 6000, Belgium
| | - P.M. Roy
- Emergency Department, CHU Angers: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d’Angers, Angers Cedex 01, Angers 49033, France
| | - P. Gianello
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Experimental and Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - P. Hantson
- Department of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
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Hu KY, Cheng YQ, Shi ZL, Ren FP, Xiao GF. Casual associations between blood metabolites and colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1995-2005. [PMID: 38764807 PMCID: PMC11099440 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited knowledge exists regarding the casual associations linking blood metabolites and the risk of developing colorectal cancer. AIM To investigate causal associations between blood metabolites and colon cancer. METHODS The study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal impact of 486 blood metabolites on colorectal cancer. The primary method of analysis used was the inverse variance weighted model. To further validate the results several sensitivity analyses were performed, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR robust adjusted profile score. These additional analyses were conducted to ensure the reliability and robustness of the findings. RESULTS After rigorous selection for genetic variation, 486 blood metabolites were included in the MR analysis. We found Mannose [odds ratio (OR) = 2.09 (1.10-3.97), P = 0.024], N-acetylglycine [OR = 3.14 (1.78-5.53), P = 7.54 × 10-8], X-11593-O-methylascorbate [OR = 1.68 (1.04-2.72), P = 0.034], 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine [OR = 4.23 (2.51-7.12), P = 6.35 × 10-8] and 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphoethanolamine 4 [OR = 3.99 (1.17-13.54), P = 0.027] were positively causally associated with colorectal cancer, and we also found a negative causal relationship between Tyrosine [OR = 0.08 (0.01-0.63), P = 0.014], Urate [OR = 0.25 (0.10-0.62), P = 0.003], N-acetylglycine [0.73 (0.54-0.98), P = 0.033], X-12092 [OR = 0.89 (0.81-0.99), P = 0.028], Succinylcarnitine [OR = 0.48 (0.27-0.84), P = 0.09] with colorectal cancer. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the rigidity of the results. CONCLUSION This study showed a causal relationship between 10 blood metabolites and colorectal cancer, of which 5 blood metabolites were found to be causal for the development of colorectal cancer and were confirmed as risk factors. The other five blood metabolites are protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Yue Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Quan Cheng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Long Shi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fu-Peng Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gang-Feng Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Gu H, Liu S, Liang K, Xia Z, Zhang G, Li B, Liu S. Design and Synthesis of Dimethylaminomethyl-Substituted Curcumin Derivatives: Potent Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant, and Radioprotection Activity, Improved Aqueous Solubility Compared with Curcumin. Molecules 2024; 29:1985. [PMID: 38731476 PMCID: PMC11085442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the wide variety of bioactivities of curcumin has been reported by researchers, the clinical application of curcumin is still limited due to its poor aqueous solubility. In view of this, a series of dimethylaminomethyl-substituted curcumin derivatives were designed and synthesized (compounds 1-15). Acetate of these derivatives were prepared (compounds 1a-15a). The Mannich reaction and aldol condensation reaction are the main reactions involved in this study. Compounds 6, 10, 12, 3a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a, 10a, 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, and 15a exhibited better in vitro anti-inflammatory activity compared to curcumin in the RAW264.7 cell line. Compounds 5, 1a, 5a, 8a, and 12a exhibited better in vitro antioxidant activity compared to curcumin in the PC 12 cell line. Compounds 11, 13, 5a, 7a, and 13a exhibited better in vitro radiation protection compared to curcumin in the PC 12 cell line. The aqueous solubilities of all the curcumin derivative acetates were greatly improved compared to curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Sifan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziming Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (S.L.); (K.L.); (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
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Wang J, Guo Y, Zhou H, Hua Y, Wan H, Yang J. Investigating the Mechanistic of Danhong Injection in Brain Damage Caused by Cardiac I/R Injury via Bioinformatics, Computer Simulation, and Experimental Validation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18341-18357. [PMID: 38680343 PMCID: PMC11044240 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury has negative effects on the brain and can even lead to the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Clinical evidence shows that Danhong injection (DHI) protects the heart and brain following ischemic events. This study investigated the mechanisms and key active compounds underlying the therapeutic effect of DHI against brain damage induced by cardiac I/R injury. METHODS The gene expression omnibus database provided GSE66360 and GSE22255 data sets. The R programming language was used to identify the common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs). Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed, and protein-protein interaction network was constructed. Active compounds of DHI were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The MMPBSA method was used to calculate the binding-free energy. The pkCSM server and DruLiTo software were used for Absorption, Distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis and drug-likeness analysis. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to validate the results. RESULTS A total of 27 cDEGs had been identified. The PPI and enrichment results indicated that TNF-α was considered to be the core target. A total of 80 active compounds were retrieved. The molecular docking results indicated that tanshinone I (TSI), tanshinone IIA (TSIIA), and hydroxyl safflower yellow A (HSYA) were selected as core active compounds. Molecular dynamics verification revealed that the conformations were relatively stable without significant fluctuations. MMPBSA analysis revealed that the binding energies of TSI, TSIIA, and HSYA with TNF-α were -36.01, -21.71, and -14.80 kcal/mol, respectively. LEU57 residue of TNF-α has the highest contribution. TSI and TSIIA passed both the ADMET analysis and drug-likeness screening, whereas HSYA did not. Experimental verification confirmed that DHI and TSIIA reduced the expression of TNF-α, NLRP3, and IL-1β in the injured H9C2 and rat brain microvascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION TNF-α can be considered to be a key target for BD-CI/R. TSIIA in DHI exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the inflammatory damage of BD-CI/R, providing new insights for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Wang
- School
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Hangzhou
TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- School
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yanjie Hua
- College
of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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Gu Y, Yu Z, Wang Y, Chen L, Lou C, Yang C, Li W, Liu G, Tang Y. admetSAR3.0: a comprehensive platform for exploration, prediction and optimization of chemical ADMET properties. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae298. [PMID: 38647076 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) properties play a crucial role in drug discovery and chemical safety assessment. Built on the achievements of admetSAR and its successor, admetSAR2.0, this paper introduced the new version of the series, admetSAR3.0, as a comprehensive platform for chemical ADMET assessment, including search, prediction and optimization modules. In the search module, admetSAR3.0 hosted over 370 000 high-quality experimental ADMET data for 104 652 unique compounds, and supplemented chemical structure similarity search function to facilitate read-across. In the prediction module, we introduced comprehensive ADMET endpoints and two new sections for environmental and cosmetic risk assessments, empowering admetSAR3.0 to provide prediction for 119 endpoints, more than double numbers compared to the previous version. Furthermore, the advanced multi-task graph neural network framework offered robust and reliable support for ADMET prediction. In particular, a module named ADMETopt was added to automatically optimize the ADMET properties of query molecules through transformation rules or scaffold hopping. Finally, admetSAR3.0 provides user-friendly interfaces for multiple types of input data, such as SMILES string, chemical structure and batch molecule file, and supports various output types, including digital, chart displays and file downloads. In summary, admetSAR3.0 is anticipated to be a valuable and powerful tool in drug discovery and chemical safety assessment at http://lmmd.ecust.edu.cn/admetsar3/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Gu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Long Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chaofeng Lou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Mi K, Sun L, Zhang L, Tang A, Tian X, Hou Y, Sun L, Huang L. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to determine dosage regimens and withdrawal intervals of aditoprim against Streptococcus suis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1378034. [PMID: 38694922 PMCID: PMC11061430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1378034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a zoonotic pathogen threatening public health. Aditoprim (ADP), a novel veterinary medicine, exhibits an antibacterial effect against S. suis. In this study, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was used to determine the dosage regimens of ADP against S. suis and withdrawal intervals. Methods: The PBPK model of ADP injection can predict drug concentrations in plasma, liver, kidney, muscle, and fat. A semi-mechanistic pharmacodynamic (PD) model, including susceptible subpopulation and resistant subpopulation, is successfully developed by a nonlinear mixed-effect model to evaluate antibacterial effects. An integrated PBPK/PD model is conducted to predict the time-course of bacterial count change and resistance development under different ADP dosages. Results: ADP injection, administrated at 20 mg/kg with 12 intervals for 3 consecutive days, can exert an excellent antibacterial effect while avoiding resistance emergence. The withdrawal interval at the recommended dosage regimen is determined as 18 days to ensure food safety. Discussion: This study suggests that the PBPK/PD model can be applied as an effective tool for the antibacterial effect and safety evaluation of novel veterinary drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Mi
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Sun
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aoran Tang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tian
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixuan Hou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Zhou Y, Peng S, Wang H, Cai X, Wang Q. Review of Personalized Medicine and Pharmacogenomics of Anti-Cancer Compounds and Natural Products. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:468. [PMID: 38674402 PMCID: PMC11049652 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the FDA has approved numerous anti-cancer drugs that are mutation-based for clinical use. These drugs have improved the precision of treatment and reduced adverse effects and side effects. Personalized therapy is a prominent and hot topic of current medicine and also represents the future direction of development. With the continuous advancements in gene sequencing and high-throughput screening, research and development strategies for personalized clinical drugs have developed rapidly. This review elaborates the recent personalized treatment strategies, which include artificial intelligence, multi-omics analysis, chemical proteomics, and computation-aided drug design. These technologies rely on the molecular classification of diseases, the global signaling network within organisms, and new models for all targets, which significantly support the development of personalized medicine. Meanwhile, we summarize chemical drugs, such as lorlatinib, osimertinib, and other natural products, that deliver personalized therapeutic effects based on genetic mutations. This review also highlights potential challenges in interpreting genetic mutations and combining drugs, while providing new ideas for the development of personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in cancer study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.Z.); (S.P.); (H.W.)
| | - Siqi Peng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.Z.); (S.P.); (H.W.)
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.Z.); (S.P.); (H.W.)
| | - Xinyin Cai
- Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 202103, China
| | - Qingzhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.Z.); (S.P.); (H.W.)
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Zhang X, Liu G, Sang Z, Jin X, Wang Y, Guo Q, Zhou Y, Song X. Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and excretion study of GL-V9 and its glucuronide metabolite 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5828. [PMID: 38321647 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and excretion patterns of GL-V9 and its glucuronide metabolite, 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9, following the administration of GL-V9 to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this research, we developed and validated rapid, sensitive, and selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) methods for quantifying GL-V9 and 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 in various biological samples, including SD rat plasma, tissue homogenate, bile, urine, and feces. Quantification of GL-V9 and 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 in plasma, tissue homogenate, bile, urine, and feces was performed using the validated LC-MS/MS methods. The bioavailability of GL-V9 in SD rats ranged from 6.23% to 7.08%, and both GL-V9 and 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 exhibited wide distribution and rapid elimination from tissues. The primary distribution tissues for GL-V9 and 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 in rats were the duodenum, liver, and lung. GL-V9 was predominantly excreted in urine, while 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9 was primarily excreted in bile. GL-V9 exhibited easy absorption and rapid conversion to its glucuronide metabolite, 5-O-glucuronide GL-V9, following administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- TriApex Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanlan Liu
- TriApex Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zechun Sang
- TriApex Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Jin
- Fushun No.12 Senior High School, Fushun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Fushun No.2 Senior High School, Fushun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuming Song
- TriApex (Nanjing) Clinical Research Co., LTD, TriApex Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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10
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Santos Oliveira L, Kueirislene Amâncio Ferreira M, Wagner de Queiroz Almeida-Neto F, Wlisses da Silva A, Ivo Lima Pinto Filho J, Nunes da Rocha M, Machado Marinho E, Henrique Ferreira Ribeiro W, Machado Marinho M, Silva Marinho E, Eire Silva Alencar de Menezes J, Dos Santos HS. Synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET, and evaluation of the anxiolytic effect in adult zebrafish of synthetic chalcone (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one: An in vivo and in silico approach. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:290-306. [PMID: 37845792 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders represent the complex interaction between biological, psychological, temperamental, and environmental factors; drugs available to treat anxiety such as benzodiazepines (BZDs) are associated with several unwanted side effects. Although there are useful treatments, there is still a need for more effective anxiolytics with better safety profiles than BZDs. Chalcones or 1,3-diphenyl-2-proper-1-ones can be an alternative since this class of compounds has shown therapeutic potential mainly due to interactions with GABAA receptors and serotonergic system. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the anxiolytic potential of chalcone (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (C2OHPDA) in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) (ZFa). METHODS Each animal (n = 6/group) was treated intraperitoneally (i.p.; 20 μL) with the chalcone (4, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and with the vehicle (DMSO 3%; 20 μL), being submitted to the tests of locomotor activity and 96-h acute toxicity. The light/dark test was also performed, and the serotonergic mechanism (5-HT) was evaluated through the antagonists of the 5-HTR1 , 5-HTR2A/2C , and 5-HTR3A/3B receptors. It was investigated the prediction of the chalcone's position and preferential orientation concerning its receptor, as well as the pharmacokinetic parameters (ADMET) involved in the process after administration. RESULTS As a result, C2OHPDA was not toxic and reduced the locomotor activity of ZFa. Furthermore, chalcone demonstrated an anxiolytic effect on the central nervous system (CNS), mediated by the serotonergic system, with action on 5-HT2A and 5-HTR3A/3B receptors. The interaction of C2OHPDA with 5-HT2A R and 5-HT3A receptors was confirmed by molecular docking study, the affinity energy observed was -8.7 and -9.1 kcal/mol, respectively. CONCLUSION Thus, this study adds new evidence and highlights that chalcone can potentially be used to develop compounds with anxiolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Santos Oliveira
- Science and Technology, Graduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio Wlisses da Silva
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes da Rocha
- Science and Technology, Graduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle Machado Marinho
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Science and Technology, Graduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- Science and Technology, Graduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Chemistry Course, State University of Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
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11
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Das AP, Agarwal SM. Recent advances in the area of plant-based anti-cancer drug discovery using computational approaches. Mol Divers 2024; 28:901-925. [PMID: 36670282 PMCID: PMC9859751 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Phytocompounds are a well-established source of drug discovery due to their unique chemical and functional diversities. In the area of cancer therapeutics, several phytocompounds have been used till date to design and develop new drugs. One of the desired interests of pharmaceutical companies and researchers globally is that new anti-cancer leads are discovered, for which phytocompounds can be considered a valuable source. Simultaneously, in recent years, the growth of computational approaches like virtual screening (VS), molecular dynamics (MD), pharmacophore modelling, Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET), network biology, and machine learning (ML) has gained importance due to their efficiency, reduced time-consuming nature, and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the present review amalgamates the information on plant-based molecules identified for cancer lead discovery from in silico approaches. The mandate of this review is to discuss studies published in the last 5-6 years that aim to identify the phytomolecules as leads against cancer with the help of traditional computational approaches as well as newer techniques like network pharmacology and ML. This review also lists the databases and webservers available in the public domain for phytocompounds related information that can be harnessed for drug discovery. It is expected that the present review would be useful to pharmacologists, medicinal chemists, molecular biologists, and other researchers involved in the development of natural products (NPs) into clinically effective lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneesh Pratim Das
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, I-7, Sector-39, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - Subhash Mohan Agarwal
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, I-7, Sector-39, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India.
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12
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Prasad K, de Vries EFJ, van der Meiden E, Moraga-Amaro R, Vazquez-Matias DA, Barazzuol L, Dierckx RAJO, van Waarde A. Effects of the adenosine A 2A receptor antagonist KW6002 on the dopaminergic system, motor performance, and neuroinflammation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology 2024; 247:109862. [PMID: 38325770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A-receptors (A2AR) and dopamine D2-receptors (D2R) are known to work together in a synergistic manner. Inhibiting A2ARs by genetic or pharmacological means can relief symptoms and have neuroprotective effects in certain conditions. We applied PET imaging to evaluate the impact of the A2AR antagonist KW6002 on D2R availability and neuroinflammation in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Male Wistar rats with 6-hydroxydopamine-induced damage to the right striatum were given 3 mg/kg of KW6002 daily for 20 days. Motor function was assessed using the rotarod and cylinder tests, and neuroinflammation and dopamine receptor availability were measured using PET scans with the tracers [11C]PBR28 and [11C]raclopride, respectively. On day 7 and 22 following 6-OHDA injection, rats were sacrificed for postmortem analysis. PET scans revealed a peak in neuroinflammation on day 7. Chronic treatment with KW6002 significantly reduced [11C]PBR28 uptake in the ipsilateral striatum [normalized to contralateral striatum] and [11C]raclopride binding in both striata when compared to the vehicle group. These imaging findings were accompanied by an improvement in motor function. Postmortem analysis showed an 84% decrease in the number of Iba-1+ cells in the ipsilateral striatum [normalized to contralateral striatum] of KW6002-treated rats compared to vehicle rats on day 22 (p = 0.007), corroborating the PET findings. Analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase levels showed less dopaminergic neuron loss in the ipsilateral striatum of KW6002-treated rats compared to controls on day 7. These findings suggest that KW6002 reduces inflammation and dopaminergic neuron loss, leading to less motor symptoms in this animal model of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Esther van der Meiden
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Aaron Vazquez-Matias
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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13
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Bassi M, Bilel S, Tirri M, Corli G, Di Rosa F, Gregori A, Alkilany AM, Rachid O, Roda E, Zauli G, Locatelli CA, Marti M. Pharmaco-toxicological effects of the novel tryptamine hallucinogen 5-MeO-MiPT on motor, sensorimotor, physiological, and cardiorespiratory parameters in mice-from a human poisoning case to the preclinical evidence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:489-511. [PMID: 38214743 PMCID: PMC10884077 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE The 5-methoxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-MiPT, known online as "Moxy") is a new psychedelic tryptamine first identified on Italian national territory in 2014. Its hallucinogen effects are broadly well-known; however, only few information is available regarding its pharmaco-toxicological effects. OBJECTIVES Following the seizure of this new psychoactive substances by the Arm of Carabinieri and the occurrence of a human intoxication case, in the current study we had the aim to characterize the in vivo acute effects of systemic administration of 5-MeO-MiPT (0.01-30 mg/kg i.p.) on sensorimotor (visual, acoustic, and overall tactile) responses, thermoregulation, and stimulated motor activity (drag and accelerod test) in CD-1 male mice. We also evaluated variation on sensory gating (PPI, prepulse inhibition; 0.01-10 mg/kg i.p.) and on cardiorespiratory parameters (MouseOx and BP-2000; 30 mg/kg i.p.). Lastly, we investigated the in silico ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) profile of 5-MeO-MiPT compared to 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT) and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). RESULTS This study demonstrates that 5-MeO-MiPT dose-dependently inhibits sensorimotor and PPI responses and, at high doses, induces impairment of the stimulated motor activity and cardiorespiratory changes in mice. In silico prediction shows that the 5-MeO-MiPT toxicokinetic profile shares similarities with 5-MeO-DIPT and DMT and highlights a cytochrome risk associated with this compound. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of 5-MeO-MiPT can affect the ability to perform activities and pose a risk to human health status, as the correspondence between the effects induced in mice and the symptoms occurred in the intoxication case suggests. However, our findings suggest that 5-MeO-MiPT should not be excluded from research in the psychiatric therapy field.
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Grants
- Effects of NPS: development of a multicentre research for the information enhancement of the Early Warning System Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy
- Implementation of the identification Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy
- study of the effects of NPS: Development of a multicentric research to strengthen the database of the National Monitoring Centre for Drug Addiction Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy
- the Early Warning System Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy
- FAR 2021 Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- FAR 2022 Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bassi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato Di Mortara 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrine Bilel
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato Di Mortara 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Micaela Tirri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato Di Mortara 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgia Corli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato Di Mortara 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabiana Di Rosa
- Department of Scientific Investigation (RIS), Carabinieri, 00191, Rome, Italy
| | - Adolfo Gregori
- Department of Scientific Investigation (RIS), Carabinieri, 00191, Rome, Italy
| | - Alaaldin M Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ousama Rachid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo Alessandro Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Marti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato Di Mortara 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Department of Anti-Drug Policies, Collaborative Center for the Italian National Early Warning System, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Ferrara, Italy.
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14
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Jeong W, Sunwoo J, You Y, Park JS, Min JH, In YN, Ahn HJ, Jeon SY, Hong JH, Song JH, Kang H, Nguyen MTT, Kim J, Kang C. Distribution and elimination kinetics of midazolam and metabolites after post-resuscitation care: a prospective observational study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4574. [PMID: 38403792 PMCID: PMC10894853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Administration of sedatives for post-resuscitation care can complicate the determination of the optimal timing to avoid inappropriate, pessimistic prognostications. This prospective study aimed to investigate the distribution and elimination kinetics of midazolam (MDZ) and its metabolites, and their association with awakening time. The concentrations of MDZ and its seven metabolites were measured immediately and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after the discontinuation of MDZ infusion, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The area under the time-plasma concentration curve from 0 to 24 h after MDZ discontinuation (AUClast) was calculated based on the trapezoidal rule. Of the 15 enrolled patients, seven awakened after the discontinuation of MDZ infusion. MDZ and three of its metabolites were major compounds and their elimination kinetics followed a first-order elimination profile. In the multivariable analysis, only MDZ was associated with awakening time (AUClast: R2 = 0.59, p = 0.03; AUCinf: R2 = 0.96, p < 0.001). Specifically, a 0.001% increase in MDZ AUC was associated with a 1% increase in awakening time. In the individual regression analysis between MDZ concentration and awakening time, the mean MDZ concentration at awakening time was 16.8 ng/mL. The AUC of MDZ is the only significant factor associated with the awakening time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjoon Jeong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sunwoo
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonho You
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Soo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Min
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sejong Chungnam National University Hospital, Sejong, 30099, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Nam In
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sejong Chungnam National University Hospital, Sejong, 30099, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Joon Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Jeon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Song
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - My Tuyen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 90000, Vietnam
| | - Jaehan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Changshin Kang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Gao XY, Li XY, Zhang CY, Bai CY. Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268464. [PMID: 38464713 PMCID: PMC10923241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
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16
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Hermann DM, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Giebel B, Pluchino S. Extracellular vesicles set the stage for brain plasticity and recovery by multimodal signalling. Brain 2024; 147:372-389. [PMID: 37768167 PMCID: PMC10834259 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are extremely versatile naturally occurring membrane particles that convey complex signals between cells. EVs of different cellular sources are capable of inducing striking therapeutic responses in neurological disease models. Differently from pharmacological compounds that act by modulating defined signalling pathways, EV-based therapeutics possess multiple abilities via a variety of effectors, thus allowing the modulation of complex disease processes that may have very potent effects on brain tissue recovery. When applied in vivo in experimental models of neurological diseases, EV-based therapeutics have revealed remarkable effects on immune responses, cell metabolism and neuronal plasticity. This multimodal modulation of neuroimmune networks by EVs profoundly influences disease processes in a highly synergistic and context-dependent way. Ultimately, the EV-mediated restoration of cellular functions helps to set the stage for neurological recovery. With this review we first outline the current understanding of the mechanisms of action of EVs, describing how EVs released from various cellular sources identify their cellular targets and convey signals to recipient cells. Then, mechanisms of action applicable to key neurological conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases are presented. Pathways that deserve attention in specific disease contexts are discussed. We subsequently showcase considerations about EV biodistribution and delineate genetic engineering strategies aiming at enhancing brain uptake and signalling. By sketching a broad view of EV-orchestrated brain plasticity and recovery, we finally define possible future clinical EV applications and propose necessary information to be provided ahead of clinical trials. Our goal is to provide a steppingstone that can be used to critically discuss EVs as next generation therapeutics for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
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Yu M, Kong XY, Chen TT, Zou ZM. In vivo metabolism combined network pharmacology to identify anti-constipation constituents in Aloe barbadensis Mill. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117200. [PMID: 37726070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe vera), is a homology of medicine and food plant, widely applied in functional food, cosmetics, and medicine. Aloe vera whole leaf extract, one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), is mainly used in China to treat functional constipation. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the active constituents of Aloe vera for treating functional constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prototype constituents and metabolites in rat plasma and excreta after oral administration of Aloe vera whole leaf extract were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and the pharmacokinetics (PK) properties of its key anti-constipation constituents speculated by network pharmacology were investigated via the established UFLC-MS/MS method. RESULTS A total of 13 prototype constituents and 56 metabolites were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces after oral administration of Aloe vera. Among them, aloesin, aloenin, aloin B, aloin A, and aloe-emodin were intimately connected to the core targets of constipation in network pharmacology analysis, and recognized as major anti-constipation constituents in Aloe vera. The validated quantitative method of the six active constituents in rat plasma exhibited good linearity, and lower limits of quantification (0.64-1.95 ng/mL). Aloin A, aloin B, aloeresin D and aloe-emodin exhibited better absorption and slower elimination rate, whereas the others, including aloesin and aloenin showed fast absorption and elimination in rat plasma after oral administration of Aloe vera. Aloin A and its isomer aloin B present similar Tmax and t1/2 but different AUC and Cmax values, indicating different relative bioavailability. The results suggested that aloin A, aloin B and aloe-emodin may be key constituents of Aloe vera for the treatment of constipation, and the other constituents including aloeresin D also contribute to its anti-constipation. CONCLUSIONS This study will benefit understanding the contributions of those constituents for the anti-constipation effect of Aloe vera and also provide valuable information for its application in functional food development and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Kong
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tong-Tong Chen
- Tianjin Institute for Drug Control, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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18
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Zou G, Yu R, Zhao D, Duan Z, Guo S, Wang T, Ma L, Yuan Z, Yu C. Celastrol ameliorates energy metabolism dysfunction of hypertensive rats by dilating vessels to improve hemodynamics. J Nat Med 2024; 78:191-207. [PMID: 38032498 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The impact of hypertension on tissue and organ damage is mediated through its influence on the structure and function of blood vessels. This study aimed to examine the potential of celastrol, a bioactive compound derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, in mitigating hypertension-induced energy metabolism disorder and enhancing blood perfusion and vasodilation. In order to investigate this phenomenon, we conducted in vivo experiments on renovascular hypertensive rats, employing indirect calorimetry to measure energy metabolism and laser speckle contrast imaging to evaluate hemodynamics. In vitro, we assessed the vasodilatory effects of celastrol on the basilar artery and superior mesenteric artery of rats using the Multi Wires Myograph System. Furthermore, we conducted preliminary investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Moreover, administration of celastrol at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg yielded a notable enhancement in blood flow ranging from 6 to 31% across different cerebral and mesenteric vessels in hypertensive rats. Furthermore, celastrol demonstrated a concentration-dependent (1 × 10-7 to 1 × 10-5 M) arterial dilation, independent of endothelial function. This vasodilatory effect could potentially be attributed to the inhibition of Ca2+ channels on vascular smooth muscle cells induced by celastrol. These findings imply that celastrol has the potential to ameliorate hemodynamics through vasodilation, thereby alleviating energy metabolism dysfunctions in hypertensive rats. Consequently, celastrol may hold promise as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zou
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dezhang Zhao
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Research Center for Innovative Pharmaceutical and Experiment Analysis Technology, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhaohui Duan
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shimin Guo
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Limei Ma
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiyi Yuan
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Collage of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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19
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Fang X, Lu Q, Han J. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of AZD7648 in rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5765. [PMID: 37845175 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
AZD7648 is a potent DNA-PK inhibitor that is being developed for the treatment of ovarian cancer. The study aimed to develop a simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to determine the concentration of AZD7648 in rat. AZD7648 was extracted from plasma by acetonitrile-mediated protein precipitation. The quantification was performed on a Thermo Vantage TSQ mass spectrometer with ibrutinib as an internal standard. A Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column combined with 0.1% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile was employed for chromatographic separation. The precursor-to-product ion transitions were m/z 421.2 > 337.2 and m/z 441.2 > 138.1 for AZD7648 and internal standard, respectively. This method was successfully validated according to the US Food and Drug Administration guidance. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.5-1,000 ng/ml with correlation coefficient >0.999. The precision expressed as the coefficient of variation was <8.09%, while the accuracy expressed as relative error ranged from -10.00 to 9.08%. The mean recovery was >94.49%. AZD7648 was stable in rat plasma after storage under certain conditions. The validated method was demonstrated to be selective, sensitive and reliable, and has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of AZD7648 in rat plasma after oral and intravenous administration (1 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yingshang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jichun Han
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
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20
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Kolli P, Kelley G, Rosales M, Faden J, Serdenes R. Olanzapine Pharmacokinetics: A Clinical Review of Current Insights and Remaining Questions. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:1097-1108. [PMID: 38146514 PMCID: PMC10749543 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s391401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Olanzapine is one of the most widely used antipsychotics since its initial approval by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1996 and has undergone extensive pharmacokinetic study. Despite being utilized in clinical psychiatry for decades, there remain questions regarding the variety of available formulations, the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring, altered kinetic properties in special populations/medical illnesses, the use of high-dose olanzapine, and drug interactions, among many others. We performed a narrative literature review of olanzapine pharmacokinetics in June 2023 using the US National Library of Medicine's PubMed.gov resource (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) and Google Scholar. Herein, we review clinically relevant aspects of olanzapine pharmacokinetic data while highlighting knowledge gaps and potential areas of future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kolli
- Department of Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grace Kelley
- Department of Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marianela Rosales
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Justin Faden
- Department of Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Serdenes
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Zhang L, Yang C, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Meng X, Yan D. Comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of six major bioactive constituents using UPLC-MS/MS in samples isolated from normal and diabetic nephropathy rats after oral administration of Gushen Jiedu capsule. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115638. [PMID: 37633162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Berberine, palmatine, physcion, rhein, calycosin-7-O-glucoside, and ferulic acid are six major active consituents that are present in Gushen Jiedu capsule (GSJD) extracts. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of the six active consituents in vivo by a rapid, sensitive, and precise UPLC-MS/MS method, which were compared between normal and diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Good separation of the target analytes and internal standards (ketoprofen and puerarin) was obtained on a Waters BEH C18 UPLC column with a mobile phase of 0.1 % formic acid acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid water. All the calibration curves showed good linearity with a regression coefficient (r2) of ≥ 0.9908. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) for berberine, palmatine, physcion, rhein, calycosin-7-O-glucoside, and ferulic acid were 20, 2.5, 20, 20, 2.5, and 2.5 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra-day and inter-day precision were all within 12.66 %, and the relative errors of intra-day and inter-day accuracy ranged from - 15.00 to 14.93 %. Good extraction recovery and matrix effects were obtained. The stability study confirmed the stability of the six analytes (RSD < 15 %). Finally, the data showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters (especially CLz/F, AUC and Tmax) of the six target analytes in DN rats were significantly different from those in normal rats. PK studies under pathological conditions could provide new thoughts to elucidate the underlying mechanism of GSJD and promote the clinical development of GSJD to treat DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, China
| | - Yidan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xintong Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Okhina AA, Rogachev AD, Kovaleva KS, Yarovaya OI, Khotskina AS, Zavyalov EL, Vatsadze SZ, Pokrovsky AG, Salakhutdinov NF. Development of an LC-MS/MS-based method for quantification and pharmacokinetics study on SCID mice of a dehydroabietylamine-adamantylamine conjugate, a promising inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115507. [PMID: 37331915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Earlier, it was found that the agent KS-389, a conjugate of dehydroabietylamine and 1-aminoadamantane, possess inhibiting activity with regard to Tdp1. It this study, LC-MS/MS-based methods of quantification of KS-389 in mice blood and several organs (brain, liver and kidney) were developed and validated. Validation of the methods was performed according to the guidelines of U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect, stability and carry-over. Dried blood spots (DBS) method was used for blood sample preparation. HPLC separation was performed on a reversed-phase column; the total analysis time was 12 min. Mass spectral detection was performed on a 6500 QTRAP mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Transitions 463.5→135.1/107.2 and 336.2→332.2/176.2 were scanned for KS-389 and 2,5-bis(4-diethylaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole used as the internal standard, respectively. Pharmacokinetics of the compound as well as its distribution in the organs were studied on SCID mice after intraperitoneal administration of the substance at a dose of 5 mg/kg, and it was found that its maximum concentration in blood is reached in 1-1.5 h and was 80 ng/mL. The maximum concentration in all organs is reached after the same time and is approximately 1500 ng/g and 1100 ng/g in liver and kidney, respectively. This is the first report on the pharmacokinetics of Tdp1 inhibitor based on dehydroabietylamine and 1-aminoadamantane after a single administration to mice. Also, the substance was found to be able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier which is important for, and its maximum concentration was c.a. 25-30 ng/g. These results are important for glioma treatment and make it promising for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina A Okhina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov Str., 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Artem D Rogachev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov Str., 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Kseniya S Kovaleva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga I Yarovaya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov Str., 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna S Khotskina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeniy L Zavyalov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Sergey Z Vatsadze
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninski pr., 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey G Pokrovsky
- Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov Str., 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov Str., 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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23
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Hsu JCN, Rairat T, Lu YP, Chou CC. The Use of Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) in Asian Seabass ( Lates calcarifer) at Different Temperatures: Study of Optimal Doses, Minimum Effective Concentration, Blood Biochemistry, Immersion Pharmacokinetics, and Tissue Distributions. Vet Sci 2023; 10:539. [PMID: 37756061 PMCID: PMC10535516 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the optimal doses and minimum effective concentrations (MECs) of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) in marketable-size Asian seabass reared at two temperatures (22 and 28 °C). Serum biochemical parameters, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distributions of MS-222 following immersion at the determined optimal doses were also evaluated in order to delineate possible mechanisms dictating the temperature difference. The definition of optimal dose is set as the dose when fish attain stage III anesthesia within 5 min, sustain this stage for 3 min, and re-attain equilibrium within 5 min. The MEC is the fish serum MS-222 concentration when stage III anesthesia is reached. The results showed that water temperature exerted no or minimal impact on the designated parameters. The optimal doses at 22 and 28 °C were 140 and 150 µg/mL, while the MECs were 70.48 and 78.27 µg/mL, respectively. Fish exposed to the optimal doses of MS-222 had significantly elevated blood concentrations of lactate, glucose, calcium, magnesium, and sodium, while the blood pH was significantly decreased. The fish eliminated MS-222 faster at 28 °C than at 22 °C, with serum half-lives of 18.43 and 37.01 h, respectively. Tissue-specific distribution patterns were evident. Irrespective of water temperature, MS-222 peaked at 5 min for the brain and gill but peaked slightly later at 10-20 min for the liver and kidney. Most tissues exhibit a gradual decline of drug concentration except for the gill, which was maintained at a steady level. Muscle is the least perfused tissue with the lowest drug concentration throughout the 90 min period. This study provided physiological and pharmacokinetic evidence contributing to a better understanding of the actions of MS-222 in Asian seabass at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Chu-Ning Hsu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Tirawat Rairat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholyotin Rd., Ladyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Yi-Ping Lu
- Biology Division, Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, No. 376, Zhongzheng Rd., Danshui Dist., New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
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24
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Shen N, Qiao J, Jiang Y, Yin H, Li M, Zhu S, Li J. Safety of non‑peptide thrombopoietin receptor agonists in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: A systematic review and meta‑analysis of short‑term double‑blind randomized clinical trials. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:393. [PMID: 37456173 PMCID: PMC10347292 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the safety of non-peptide thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) treatment. All studies reporting adverse events (AEs) in relation to ITP treatment with eltrombopag, avatrombopag, and hetrombopag were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for meta-analysis, heterogeneity and bias analyses. A total of 1,078 patients from seven eligible studies were enrolled. In the enrolled clinical trials, the double-blind period was between 6 weeks and 6 months. The results revealed that the chances of any AEs [relative risk (RR)=1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90-1.51; I2=78%; P=0.26], grade 3/4 AEs (RR=1.07; 95% CI, 0.63-1.80; I2=0%; P=0.81), elevated transaminase levels (RR=1.09; 95% CI, 0.68-1.74; I2=0%; P=0.72), thrombosis (RR=1.92; 95% CI, 0.55-6.66; I2=0%; P=0.31) and cataracts (RR=0.83; 95% CI, 0.38-1.83; I2=0%; P=0.65) were not significantly higher in patients with ITP that received non-peptide TPO-RAs compared with patients with ITP treated with a placebo. The present study indicated that non-peptide TPO-RAs were relatively safe for patients with ITP, at least within 6 months of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
- Department of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Jibing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Yazhou Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Hanjun Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Suyue Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Jianqin Li
- Department of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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25
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Allan KM, Astore MA, Kardia E, Wong SL, Fawcett LK, Bell JL, Visser S, Chen PC, Griffith R, Jaffe A, Sivam S, Vittorio O, Kuyucak S, Waters SA. Q1291H-CFTR molecular dynamics simulations and ex vivo theratyping in nasal epithelial models and clinical response to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in a Q1291H/F508del patient. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1148501. [PMID: 37325471 PMCID: PMC10267335 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1148501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a wide spectrum of mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, with some leading to non-classical clinical presentations. We present an integrated in vivo, in silico and in vitro investigation of an individual with CF carrying the rare Q1291H-CFTR allele and the common F508del allele. At age 56 years, the participant had obstructive lung disease and bronchiectasis, qualifying for Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) CFTR modulator treatment due to their F508del allele. Q1291H CFTR incurs a splicing defect, producing both a normally spliced but mutant mRNA isoform and a misspliced isoform with a premature termination codon, causing nonsense mediated decay. The effectiveness of ETI in restoring Q1291H-CFTR is largely unknown. Methods: We collected clinical endpoint measurements, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent predicted (FEV1pp) and body mass index (BMI), and examined medical history. In silico simulations of the Q1291H-CFTR were compared to Q1291R, G551D, and wild-type (WT)-CFTR. We quantified relative Q1291H CFTR mRNA isoform abundance in patient-derived nasal epithelial cells. Differentiated pseudostratified airway epithelial cell models at air liquid interface were created and ETI treatment impact on CFTR was assessed by electrophysiology assays and Western blot. Results: The participant ceased ETI treatment after 3 months due to adverse events and no improvement in FEV1pp or BMI. In silico simulations of Q1291H-CFTR identified impairment of ATP binding similar to known gating mutants Q1291R and G551D-CFTR. Q1291H and F508del mRNA transcripts composed 32.91% and 67.09% of total mRNA respectively, indicating 50.94% of Q1291H mRNA was misspliced and degraded. Mature Q1291H-CFTR protein expression was reduced (3.18% ± 0.60% of WT/WT) and remained unchanged with ETI. Baseline CFTR activity was minimal (3.45 ± 0.25 μA/cm2) and not enhanced with ETI (5.73 ± 0.48 μA/cm2), aligning with the individual's clinical evaluation as a non-responder to ETI. Conclusion: The combination of in silico simulations and in vitro theratyping in patient-derived cell models can effectively assess CFTR modulator efficacy for individuals with non-classical CF manifestations or rare CFTR mutations, guiding personalized treatment strategies and optimizing clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin M Allan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miro A Astore
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Egi Kardia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L Wong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura K Fawcett
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica L Bell
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Visser
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Po-Chia Chen
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renate Griffith
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheila Sivam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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26
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Yu X, Chai JH, Kong XW, Bai CX, Liang J, Kuang HX, Xia YG. Insight of "Yin-Jing" medical property ofLigusticum chuanxiong Hort. via pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116569. [PMID: 37172919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong, LC), as an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can not only be used as a monarch herb but also be used as a classic "Yin-Jing" () medicine in compound prescriptions, e.g., Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD). Although LC has the effect of guiding components into the brain in BHD, there is still a lack of scientific evidence on this "Yin-Jing" effects. Herein, we used pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions to investigate "Yin-Jing" effects of LC. To simplify the study, four major constituents in BHD, i.e., Calycosin (CA), astragaloside IV (AI), paeoniflorin (PA), and amygdalin (AM) were combined to form a simple compound (abbreviated as CAPA here) to replace the original BHD in this paper. The Yin-Jing medical property of LC was confirmed by the compatibility of CAPA with LC or its different fractions (Fr. A ∼ Fr. F). AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the "Yin-Jing" medical property of LC via pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The contents of CA, AI, PA, and AM were simultaneously determined by the established and validated UPLC-QQQ-MS method in different rat tissues and plasma after administration of CAPA with the combination of LC or Fr. A ∼ Fr. F. The pharmacokinetic parameters, e.g., Tmax, Cmax, AUC0-t and MRT0-t, were calculated to evaluate the efficiency of "Yin-Jing". RESULTS The Cmax and AUC0-t of CA, AI, PA, and AM were remarkably increased in rat brain tissues compared with those of the control group after compatibility of LC. This demonstrated that LC has the Yin-Jing effects on brain tissues. Additionally, Fr. B or Fr. C might be the material basis by specifically studying the distributions of CA, AI, PA, and AM in brain tissue based on mutual compatibility. The effects of Fr. B and Fr. C on distributions of these constituents in other tissues or plasma was also studied to verify the effects of Yin-Jing of LC. The results showed that the same upward trend is found in heart, liver and plasma, but the intensity is insignificant as that in brain tissue. Furthermore, the Cmax and AUC0-t of some analytes in the rat spleen, lung, and kidney were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSIONS LC has the function of Yin-Jing, especially guiding the components into the brain tissue. Moreover, Fr. B and Fr. C is suggested to be the pharmacodynamic material basis for the effect of Yin-Jing of LC. These finding explained that it was recommended to add LC into some prescriptions for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by Qi deficiency and blood stasis. This has laid a certain foundation for the research on the Yin-Jing efficacy of LC to better clarify the theory of TCM and guide the clinical application of Yin-Jing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jun-Hong Chai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chen-Xi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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27
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Rodrigues AR, Rodrigues CR, Gomes SA, Marques SM, Naves LM, Pedrino GR, de Oliveira-Neto JR, de Carvalho FS, Cruz A, Lião LM, Menegatti R, Carlos da Cunha L. Preclinical pharmacokinetics of a promising antineoplastic prototype piperazine-containing compound (LQFM018) in rats by a new LC-MS/MS bioanalytical method. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1223:123710. [PMID: 37068313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
LQFM018 is a novel antineoplastic prototype, showing an expressive drug-triggered K562 leukemic cells death mechanism, through necroptotic signaling. Due to its promising effect, this study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of LQFM018 in rats, using a new validated bioanalytical LC-MS/MS-based method. Chromatographic column was an ACE® C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) eluted by a mobile phase composed of ammonium acetate 2 mM and formic acid 0.025%:methanol (50:50, v/v), under flow of 1.2 mL/min and injection volume of 3.0 µL. LQFM018 was extracted from rat plasma by a simple liquid-liquid method, using MTBE solvent. Rats were administered intraperitoneally at LQFM018 100 mg/kg dose and blood samples were collect at times of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 h. Bioanalytical-LC-MS/MS-based method was rapid, high throughput and sensitive with a good linearity ranging from 10 (LLOQ) to 15000 ng/mL, besides precise and accurate, ranging of 0.8-7.3% and 96.8-107.6%, respectively. The prototype LQFM018 was rapid and well absorbed, and highly distributed, apparently due to its high lipid solubility. These features are primordial for an anticancer agent in the treatment of deep tumors, such as bone marrow neoplasms, in which the drug might permeate easily tissue barriers. Also, LQFM018 has demonstrated a high clearance, according to a low t1/2in rats, indicating a relative fast elimination phase related to a possible intense hepatic biotransformation. These information support further studies to establish new understands on pharmacokinetics of promising antineoplastic prototype LQFM018 from preclinical and clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andryne R Rodrigues
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Caroline R Rodrigues
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Sandro A Gomes
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Stefanne M Marques
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Lara M Naves
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Pedrino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Jerônimo R de Oliveira-Neto
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Flávio S de Carvalho
- Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Cruz
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos da Cunha
- Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
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Das S, Verma PRP, Sekarbabu V, Mohanty S, Pattnaik AK, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Singh SK. Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry Estimation of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoemulsion in Rabbit Plasma: In Vivo- In Silico Pharmacokinetic Analysis Using GastroPlus. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12456-12466. [PMID: 37033804 PMCID: PMC10077531 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid, specific, sensitive, and reproducible liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method for quantifying quercetin (QT) in rabbit plasma using hydrochlorothiazide as the internal standard. Animals were orally administered with optimized QT-loaded nanoemulsion (QTNE) and QT suspension (QTS), equivalent to 30 mg/kg, to the test and control group, respectively. The blood samples were collected at pre-determined time points up to 48 h. The linearity range was from 5 to 5000 ng mL-1 with R 2 = 0.995. Further, we analyzed the various pharmacokinetic parameters and established the in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) of QTNE using GastroPlus software. The method was successfully developed and validated, and when applied for the determination of QT in rabbit plasma, it exhibited an increase in C max from 122.56 ng mL-1 (QTS) to 286.51 ng mL-1 (QTNE) (2.34-fold) and AUC0-48 from 976 ng h mL-1 (QTS) to 4249 ng h mL-1 (QTNE) (4.35-fold), indicating improved oral bioavailability QT when administered as QTNE. Statistical analysis revealed that the Loo-Riegelman method (two-compartmental method) best fitted the deconvolution approach (R 2 = 0.998, SEP = 4.537, MAE = 2.759, and AIC = 42.38) for establishing the IVIVC. In conclusion, the established bioanalytical method and IVIVC studies revealed that QTNE is a potential carrier for the effective delivery of QT with enhanced oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabya
Sachi Das
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
- School
of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priya Ranjan Prasad Verma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Viswanathan Sekarbabu
- Innospecs
Bioresearch Private Limited, Rajakilpakkam, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satyajit Mohanty
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pattnaik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
- Faculty
of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Biocentre 3, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
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29
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Kanji S, Williamson D, Hartwick M. Potential pharmacological confounders in the setting of death determined by neurologic criteria: a narrative review. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:713-723. [PMID: 37131030 PMCID: PMC10202973 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-023-02415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Guidelines for the determination of death by neurologic criteria (DNC) require an absence of confounding factors if clinical examination alone is to be used. Drugs that depress the central nervous system suppress neurologic responses and spontaneous breathing and must be excluded or reversed prior to proceeding. If these confounding factors cannot be eliminated, ancillary testing is required. These drugs may be present after being administered as part of the treatment of critically ill patients. While measurement of serum drug concentrations can help guide the timing of assessments for DNC, they are not always available or feasible. In this article, we review sedative and opioid drugs that may confound DNC, along with pharmacokinetic factors that govern the duration of drug action. Pharmacokinetic parameters including a context-sensitive half-life of sedatives and opioids are highly variable in critically ill patients because of the multitude of clinical variables and conditions that can affect drug distribution and clearance. Patient-, disease-, and treatment-related factors that influence the distribution and clearance of these drugs are discussed including end organ function, age, obesity, hyperdynamic states, augmented renal clearance, fluid balance, hypothermia, and the role of prolonged drug infusions in critically ill patients. In these contexts, it is often difficult to predict how long after drug discontinuation the confounding effects will take to dissipate. We propose a conservative framework for evaluating when or if DNC can be determined by clinical criteria alone. When pharmacologic confounders cannot be reversed, or doing so is not feasible, ancillary testing to confirm the absence of brain blood flow should be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmaan Kanji
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - David Williamson
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacy Department, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-Nord-de-l'ile-de-Montreal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Hartwick
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
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30
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Rairat T, Hsieh MK, Lu YP, Ho WC, Wu HC, Chou CC. Effects of starvation on the pharmacokinetics and optimal dosages of florfenicol and associated serum biochemistry in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2023; 46:136-143. [PMID: 36691109 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Starvation has influence on physiology and pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of many drugs in land animals. However, similar PK information in fish is lacking. The current study examined the effects of starvation on fish PK, taking florfenicol (FF) in Asian seabass as an example. FF was orally administered at a single dose of 10 mg/kg into 35-day starved fish reared at 25 and 30°C and the serum FF concentration was analyzed by HPLC-FLD. At 30°C, the absorption and elimination half-lives of the starved fish were increased by 30% (from 0.44 to 0.57 h) and 55% (from 7.2 to 11.18 h), respectively. The volume of distribution, clearance, and area under the curve were changed from 1.25 to 0.71 L/kg, 0.120 to 0.044 L/kg/h, and 88 to 228 h·μg/ml, respectively. Similar starvation-induced PK changes were also observed at 25°C. The serum biochemical parameters, mainly the alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and glucose levels, were significantly reduced in the starvation group. Overall, FF absorption, distribution, and elimination rates were reduced by starvation, resulting in four to five times lower optimal dosage than the non-starved fish. Drug treatment in starved fish should be treated with caution as overdosing and/or tissue residues could perceivably occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirawat Rairat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ming-Kun Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lu
- Biology Division, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Cih Ho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chien Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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31
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Mahmoudi A, Butler AE, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Identification of Potent Small-Molecule PCSK9 Inhibitors Based on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Pharmacophore Modeling, and Molecular Docking Procedure. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101660. [PMID: 36841313 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The leading cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) attaches to the domain of LDL receptor (LDLR), diminishing LDL-C influx and LDLR cell surface presentation in hepatocytes, resulting in higher circulating LDL-C levels. PCSK9 dysfunction has been linked to lower levels of plasma LDLC and a decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Herein, using virtual screening tools, we aimed to identify a potent small-molecule PCSK9 inhibitor in compounds that are currently being studied in clinical trials. We first performed chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) filtering of 9800 clinical trial compounds obtained from the ZINC 15 database using Lipinski's rule of 5 and achieved 3853 compounds. Two-dimensional (2D) quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) was initiated by computing molecular descriptors and selecting important descriptors of 23 PCSK9 inhibitors. Multivariate calibration was performed with the partial least square regression (PLS) method with 18 compounds for training to design the QSAR model and 5 compounds for the test set to assess the model. The best latent variables (LV) (LV=6) with the lowest value of Root-Mean-Square Error of Cross-Validation (RMSECV) of 0.48 and leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient (R2CV) = 0.83 were obtained for the QSAR model. The low RMSEC (0.21) with high R²cal (0.966) indicates the probability of fit between the experimental data and the calibration model. Using QSAR analysis of 3853 compounds, 2635 had a pIC50<1 and were considered for pharmacophore screening. The PHASE module (a complete package for pharmacophore modeling) designed the pharmacophore hypothesis through multiple ligands. The top 14 compounds (pIC50>1) were defined as active, whereas 9 (pIC50<1) were considered as an inactive set. Three five-point pharmacophore hypotheses achieved the highest score: DHHRR1, DHHRR2, and DHRRR1. The highest and best model with survival scores (5.365) was DHHRR1, comprising 1 hydrogen donor (D), 2 hydrophobic groups (H), and 2 rings of aromatic (R) features. We selected the molecules with a higher 1.5 fitness score (257 compounds) in pharmacophore screening (DHHRR1) for molecular docking screening. Molecular docking indicates that ZINC000051951669, with a binding affinity: of -13.2 kcal/mol and 2 H-bonds, has the highest binding to the PCSK9 protein. ZINC000011726230 with energy binding: -11.4 kcal/mol and 3 H-bonds, ZINC000068248147 with binding affinity: -10.7 kcal/mol and 1 H-bond, ZINC000029134440 with a binding affinity: -10.6 kcal/mol and 4 H-bonds were ranked next, respectively. To conclude, the archived molecules identified as inhibitory PCSK9 candidates, and especially ZINC000051951669 may therefore significantly inhibit PCSK9 and should be considered in the newly designed trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL) Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland; Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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32
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Castro-Cuellar G, Cremer J, Queiroz-Williams P, Knych HK, Leise BS. Pharmacokinetics of intra-articular buprenorphine in horses with lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2023. [PMID: 36815620 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the pharmacokinetics of intra-articular (IA) administered buprenorphine in horses with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synovitis. Radiocarpal synovitis was induced in six healthy adult horses with the IA injection of LPS (0.5 ng/joint) on two occasions in a randomized cross-over design. Treatments (IA buprenorphine (IAB) at 5 μg/kg plus intravenous saline; and intravenous buprenorphine (IVB) at 5 μg/kg plus IA saline) were administered 4 h following LPS injection. Concentrations of buprenorphine were assessed in plasma and synovial fluid (SF) at 0.5, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters after IVB and IAB in plasma and synovial fluid were calculated using a nonlinear mixed effects model. IAB was detectable in SF of all horses at 24 h [median concentration of 6.2 (3.46-22.6) ng/mL]. IAB resulted in a median plasma concentration of 0.59 (0.42-1.68) ng/mL at 0.5 h and was detectable in all subjects for up to 6 h and in two horses for up to 12 h. IVB resulted in SF concentrations detected up to 6 h in all horses [median concentration of 0.12 (0.07-0.82) ng/mL]. Results suggest that IA buprenorphine remains present in the inflamed joint for at least 24 h and systemic absorption occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Castro-Cuellar
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeannette Cremer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Patricia Queiroz-Williams
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Heather K Knych
- KL Maddy Equine Analytical Pharmacology Lab, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Britta S Leise
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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33
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Puentes-Díaz N, Chaparro D, Morales-Morales D, Flores-Gaspar A, Alí-Torres J. Role of Metal Cations of Copper, Iron, and Aluminum and Multifunctional Ligands in Alzheimer's Disease: Experimental and Computational Insights. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4508-4526. [PMID: 36777601 PMCID: PMC9909689 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting millions of people around the world. Even though the causes of AD are not completely understood due to its multifactorial nature, some neuropathological hallmarks of its development have been related to the high concentration of some metal cations. These roles include the participation of these metal cations in the production of reactive oxygen species, which have been involved in neuronal damage. In order to avoid the increment in the oxidative stress, multifunctional ligands used to coordinate these metal cations have been proposed as a possible treatment to AD. In this review, we present the recent advances in experimental and computational works aiming to understand the role of two redox active and essential transition-metal cations (Cu and Fe) and one nonbiological metal (Al) and the recent proposals on the development of multifunctional ligands to stop or revert the damaging effects promoted by these metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Puentes-Díaz
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
| | - Diego Chaparro
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá 250240, Colombia
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Areli Flores-Gaspar
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá 250240, Colombia
- Areli Flores-Gaspar − Departamento de Química,
Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá, 250247, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Alí-Torres
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
- Jorge Alí-Torres − Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de
Colombia, Sede Bogotá,11301, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Kiewhuo K, Gogoi D, Mahanta HJ, Rawal RK, Das D, S V, Jamir E, Sastry GN. OSADHI - An online structural and analytics based database for herbs of India. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 102:107799. [PMID: 36512929 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to develop a PAN India database of medicinal plants along with their phytochemicals and geographical availability. The database consists of 6959 unique medicinal plants belonging to 348 families which are available across 28 states and 8 union territories of India. The database sources the information on four different sections - traditional knowledge, geographical indications, phytochemicals, and chemoinformatics. The traditional knowledge reports the plant taxonomy with their vernacular names. A total of 27,440 unique phytochemicals associated with these plants were curated from various sources in this study. However, due to the non-availability of general information like IUPAC names, InChI key, etc. from reliable sources, only 22,314 phytochemicals have been currently reported in the database. Various analyses have been performed for the phytochemicals which include analysis of physicochemical and ADMET properties calculated from open-source web servers using in-house python scripts. The phytochemical data set has also been classified based on the class, superclass, and pathways respectively using NPClassifier, a deep learning framework. Additionally, the antiviral potency of the phytochemicals was also predicted using two machine learning models - Random Forest and XGBoost. The database aims to provide accurate and exhaustive data of the traditional practice of medicinal plants in India in a single platform integrating and analyzing the rich customary practices and facilitating the development and identification of plant-based therapeutics for a variety of diseases. The database can be accessed at https://neist.res.in/osadhi/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikrusenuo Kiewhuo
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipshikha Gogoi
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hridoy Jyoti Mahanta
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra K Rawal
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debabrata Das
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaikundamani S
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Esther Jamir
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - G Narahari Sastry
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Morales Castro D, Dresser L, Granton J, Fan E. Pharmacokinetic Alterations Associated with Critical Illness. Clin Pharmacokinet 2023; 62:209-220. [PMID: 36732476 PMCID: PMC9894673 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Haemodynamic, metabolic, and biochemical derangements in critically ill patients affect drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics making dose optimisation particularly challenging. Appropriate therapeutic dosing depends on the knowledge of the physiologic changes caused by the patient's comorbidities, underlying disease, resuscitation strategies, and polypharmacy. Critical illness will result in altered drug protein binding, ionisation, and volume of distribution; it will also decrease oral drug absorption, intestinal and hepatic metabolism, and renal clearance. In contrast, the resuscitation strategies and the use of vasoactive drugs may oppose these effects by leading to a hyperdynamic state that will increase blood flow towards the major organs including the brain, heart, kidneys, and liver, with the subsequent increase of drug hepatic metabolism and renal excretion. Metabolism is the main mechanism for drug clearance and is one of the main pharmacokinetic processes affected; it is influenced by patient-specific factors, such as comorbidities and genetics; therapeutic-specific factors, including drug characteristics and interactions; and disease-specific factors, like organ dysfunction. Moreover, organ support such as mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may contribute to both inter- and intra-patient variability of drug pharmacokinetics. The combination of these competing factors makes it difficult to predict drug response in critically ill patients. Pharmacotherapy targeted to therapeutic goals and therapeutic drug monitoring is currently the best option for the safe care of the critically ill. The aim of this paper is to review the alterations in drug pharmacokinetics associated with critical illness and to summarise the available evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Morales Castro
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 585 University Avenue, 9-MaRS, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada. .,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Linda Dresser
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Granton
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 585 University Avenue, 9-MaRS, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eddy Fan
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 585 University Avenue, 9-MaRS, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Prieto-Garcia JM, Graham L, Alkhabbaz O, Mazzari ALDA. Potential Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Common Cardiovascular Drugs and Selected European and Latin American Herbal Medicines: A Scoping Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030623. [PMID: 36771707 PMCID: PMC9920503 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herb-drug interactions are nowadays an important decision factor in many healthcare interventions. Patients with cardiovascular risk factors such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension are usually prescribed long-term treatments. We need more informed decision tools to direct future clinical research and decision making to avoid HDI occurrences in this group. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using data from online databases such as PUBMED, the National Library of Medicine, and the electronic Medicines Compendium. Included studies consisted of the reported effects on Phase 1/2 and P-glycoprotein of herbal medicines listed in the medicines agencies of Latin America and Europe and drugs used for cardiovascular conditions (statins, diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and ACE inhibitors). The cross tabulation of the results allowed for finding potential HDI. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS as per the preclinical data reviewed here, we encourage more clinical research on whether drugs with apparently very low interaction risk, such as pravastatin, nadolol, and nimodipine/nitrendipine, may help prevent HDI when statins, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers, respectively, are prescribed for long-term treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Prieto-Garcia
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Louise Graham
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Osamah Alkhabbaz
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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McDermott JH, Sharma V, Keen J, Newman WG, Pirmohamed M. The Implementation of Pharmacogenetics in the United Kingdom. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 280:3-32. [PMID: 37306816 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable inter-individual variability in the effectiveness and safety of pharmaceutical interventions. This phenomenon can be attributed to a multitude of factors; however, it is widely acknowledged that common genetic variation affecting drug absorption or metabolism play a substantial contributory role. This is a concept known as pharmacogenetics. Understanding how common genetic variants influence responses to medications, and using this knowledge to inform prescribing practice, could yield significant advantages for both patients and healthcare systems. Some health services around the world have introduced pharmacogenetics into routine practice, whereas others are less advanced along the implementation pathway. This chapter introduces the field of pharmacogenetics, the existing body of evidence, and discusses barriers to implementation. The chapter will specifically focus on efforts to introduce pharmacogenetics in the NHS, highlighting key challenges related to scale, informatics, and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H McDermott
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Videha Sharma
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, Centre for Health Informatics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jessica Keen
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Liverpool University Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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38
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Traber GM, Yu AM. RNAi-Based Therapeutics and Novel RNA Bioengineering Technologies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:133-154. [PMID: 35680378 PMCID: PMC9827509 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) provides researchers with a versatile means to modulate target gene expression. The major forms of RNAi molecules, genome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), converge into RNA-induced silencing complexes to achieve posttranscriptional gene regulation. RNAi has proven to be an adaptable and powerful therapeutic strategy where advancements in chemistry and pharmaceutics continue to bring RNAi-based drugs into the clinic. With four siRNA medications already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), several RNAi-based therapeutics continue to advance to clinical trials with functions that closely resemble their endogenous counterparts. Although intended to enhance stability and improve efficacy, chemical modifications may increase risk of off-target effects by altering RNA structure, folding, and biologic activity away from their natural equivalents. Novel technologies in development today seek to use intact cells to yield true biologic RNAi agents that better represent the structures, stabilities, activities, and safety profiles of natural RNA molecules. In this review, we provide an examination of the mechanisms of action of endogenous miRNAs and exogenous siRNAs, the physiologic and pharmacokinetic barriers to therapeutic RNA delivery, and a summary of the chemical modifications and delivery platforms in use. We overview the pharmacology of the four FDA-approved siRNA medications (patisiran, givosiran, lumasiran, and inclisiran) as well as five siRNAs and several miRNA-based therapeutics currently in clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the direct expression and stable carrier-based, in vivo production of novel biologic RNAi agents for research and development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In our review, we summarize the major concepts of RNA interference (RNAi), molecular mechanisms, and current state and challenges of RNAi drug development. We focus our discussion on the pharmacology of US Food and Drug Administration-approved RNAi medications and those siRNAs and miRNA-based therapeutics that entered the clinical investigations. Novel approaches to producing new true biological RNAi molecules for research and development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California (UC) Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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Poller B, Werner S, Domange N, Mettler L, Stein RR, Loretan J, Wartmann M, Faller B, Huth F. Time Matters - In vitro Cellular Disposition Kinetics Help Rationalizing Cellular Potency Disconnects. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:878-889. [PMID: 36189672 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2130837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Loss in potency is commonly observed in early drug discovery when moving from biochemical to more complex cellular systems. Among other factors, low permeability is often considered to cause such potency disconnects.We developed a novel cellular disposition assay in MDCK cells to determine passive uptake clearance (PSinf), cell-to-medium ratios at steady-state (Kp) and the time to reach 90% steady-state (TTSS90) from a single experiment in a high-throughput format.The assay was validated using 40 marketed drugs, showing a wide distribution of PSinf and Kp values. The parameters generally correlated with transcellular permeability and lipophilicity, while PSinf data revealed better resolution in the high and low permeability ranges compared to traditional permeability data. A linear relationship between the Kp/PSinf ratio and TTSS90 was mathematically derived and experimentally validated, demonstrating the dependency of TTSS90 on the rate and extent of cellular accumulation.Cellular disposition parameters could explain potency (IC50) disconnects noted for seven Bruton's tyrosine kinase degrader compounds in a cellular potency assay. In contrast to transcellular permeability, PSinf data enabled identification of the compounds with IC50 disconnects based on their time to reach equilibrium. Overall, the novel assay offers the possibility to address potency disconnects in early drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birk Poller
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Werner
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Domange
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lina Mettler
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard R Stein
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Loretan
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Faller
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Huth
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Pharmacokinetics of Myo-Inositol in a Wistar Rat Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911246. [PMID: 36232547 PMCID: PMC9570207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol is the most popular inositol in living organisms, where it is present as a sugar alcohol, in a free form, and can also be described as a lipid. The aim of this study was to check the concentration change of a myo-inositol solution from the time of oral administration and over a 48 h period in Wistar-type rats. All rats received 2 g/kg of inositol as a solution in distilled water by oral gavage. Estimated parameters were based on the serum concentration of myo-inositol observed in nine individual rats with regard to time. Observations were described as a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order absorption and zero-order endogenous input of checked inositol. The highest myo-inositol concentration was observed in the first hour after oral administration in the serum of all tested rats. Then, the concentration began decreasing immediately after the maximal peak. The inositol concentration continued to decrease, but after 24 h its level was still higher than before the administration. The plasma profile of the myo-inositol concentration showed a rapid decline over time, possibly due to the metabolism of this compound.
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41
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An insight on lipid nanoparticles for therapeutic proteins delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wu F, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Wang Y, Tian X, Sun C, Fang B, Huo X, Ma X. Simultaneous Determination of Ten Active Components From Jinhongtang Granule in Rat Plasma by LC-MS/MS and its Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study in Normal and Sepsis Rats In Vivo and In Vitro. J Chromatogr Sci 2022:6652779. [PMID: 35913259 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Jinhongtang granule (JHT) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for treatment of infection diseases including severe COVID-19. However, pharmacokinetics of JHT was unknown, especially in infection condition. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously quantify ten active components form JHT in rat plasma. MS detection was performed by MRM scanning operating in the negative ionization mode. The method showed good linearity (r > 0.997). The accuracy, precision, matrix effect, recovery and stability were all satisfactory with current criterion. The method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetic difference between normal and sepsis rats. The pharmacokinetic behaviors of analytes in sepsis rats were significantly different from those in normal rats. Cmax and AUC of rhein, emodin, aloe emodin, rhein-8-glucoside, aloe emodin 8-glucoside, protocatechuic acid, epicatechin and salidroside, were significantly increased in sepsis rats, except for 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and ferulic acid. In vitro intestinal absorption study using everted intestinal sac preparations indicated that the intestinal permeability was altered under sepsis. In conclusion, pharmacokinetic difference of JHT between normal and sepsis rats were evaluated for the first time, which provided useful information for the clinical application of JHT as an integrative therapy for severe and critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.,College of Pharmacy, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
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McDermott JH, Leach M, Sen D, Smith CJ, Newman WG, Bath PM. The role of CYP2C19 genotyping to guide antiplatelet therapy following ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:811-825. [PMID: 35912831 PMCID: PMC9612933 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2108401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent recommended for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Conversion of clopidogrel to its active metabolite by hepatic cytochrome P450-2C19 (CYP2C19) is essential for the inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor and subsequent platelet aggregation to prevent thrombotic events. CYP2C19 is highly polymorphic, with over 30 loss of function (LoF) alleles. This review considers whether there is sufficient data to support genotype guided antiplatelet therapy after stroke. Areas covered A systematic literature review retrieved articles, which describe the interaction between CYP2C19 genotype and clinical outcomes following IS or TIA when treated with clopidogrel. The review documents efforts to identify optimal antiplatelet regimens and explores the value genotype guided antiplatelet therapy. The work outlines the contemporary understanding of clopidogrel metabolism and appraises evidence linking CYP2C19 LoF variants with attenuated platelet inhibition and poorer outcomes. Expert opinion There is good evidence that CYP2C19 LoF allele carriers of Han-Chinese ancestry have increased risk for further vascular events following TIA or IS when treated with clopidogrel. The evidence base is less certain in other populations. The expansion of pharmacogenetics into routine clinical practice will facilitate further research and help tailor other aspects of secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H McDermott
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.,The Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marc Leach
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Greater Manchester Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK
| | - Craig J Smith
- Greater Manchester Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.,The Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Philip M Bath
- Stroke Trials Unit, Mental Health & Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Stroke, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Prasad K, de Vries EFJ, Sijbesma JWA, Garcia-Varela L, Vazquez-Matias DA, Moraga-Amaro R, Willemsen ATM, Dierckx RAJO, van Waarde A. Impact of an Adenosine A 2A Receptor Agonist and Antagonist on Binding of the Dopamine D 2 Receptor Ligand [ 11C]raclopride in the Rodent Striatum. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2992-3001. [PMID: 35849844 PMCID: PMC9346611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors in the basal ganglia form heterotetrameric structures that are involved in the regulation of motor activity and neuropsychiatric functions. The present study examines the A2A receptor-mediated modulation of D2 receptor binding in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) with the D2 antagonist tracer [11C]raclopride. Healthy male Wistar rats (n = 8) were scanned (60 min dynamic scan) with [11C]raclopride at baseline and 7 days later following an acute administration of the A2A agonist CGS21680 (1 mg/kg), using a MicroPET Focus-220 camera. Nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) values were calculated using a simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), with cerebellum as the reference tissue. SRTM analysis did not show any significant changes in [11C]raclopride BPND (p = 0.102) in striatum after CGS21680 administration compared to the baseline. As CGS21680 strongly affects hemodynamics, we also used arterial blood sampling and a metabolite-corrected plasma input function for compartment modeling using the reversible two-tissue compartment model (2TCM) to obtain the BPND from the k3/k4 ratio and from the striatum/cerebellum volume of distribution ratio (DVR) in a second group of animals. These rats underwent dynamic [11C]raclopride scans after pretreatment with a vehicle (n = 5), a single dose of CGS21680 (1 mg/kg, n = 5), or a single dose of the A2A antagonist KW6002 (1 mg/kg, n = 5). The parent fraction in plasma was significantly higher in the CGS21680-treated group (p = 0.0001) compared to the vehicle-treated group. GCS21680 administration significantly reduced the striatal k3/k4 ratio (p < 0.01), but k3 and k4 estimates may be less reliable. The BPND (DVR-1) decreased from 1.963 ± 0.27 in the vehicle-treated group to 1.53 ± 0.55 (p = 0.080) or 1.961 ± 0.11 (p = 0.993) after the administration of CGS21680 or KW6002, respectively. Our study suggests that the A2A agonist CGS21680, but not the antagonist KW6002, may reduce the D2 receptor availability in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W A Sijbesma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Garcia-Varela
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel A Vazquez-Matias
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon T M Willemsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Altered peripheral factors affecting the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of oral medicines in Alzheimer's disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114282. [PMID: 35421522 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has traditionally been considered solely a neurological condition. Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted to identify the existence of pathophysiological changes affecting the brain and the blood-brain barrier in individuals with AD. Such studies have provided invaluable insight into possible changes to the central nervous system exposure of drugs prescribed to individuals with AD. However, there is now increasing recognition that extra-neurological systems may also be affected in AD, such as the small intestine, liver, and kidneys. Examination of these peripheral pathophysiological changes is now a burgeoning area of scientific research, owing to the potential impact of these changes on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs used for both AD and other concomitant conditions in this population. The purpose of this review is to identify and summarise available literature reporting alterations to key organs influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs, with any changes to the small intestine, liver, kidney, and circulatory system on the ADME of drugs described. By assessing studies in both rodent models of AD and samples from humans with AD, this review highlights possible dosage adjustment requirements for both AD and non-AD drugs so as to ensure the achievement of optimum pharmacotherapy in individuals with AD.
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Babashkina MG, Safin DA. 6-Amino-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline: Insight into the Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Computational Study. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2068622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Babashkina
- Advanced Materials for Industry and Biomedicine laboratory, Kurgan State University, Kurgan, Russian Federation
| | - Damir A. Safin
- Advanced Materials for Industry and Biomedicine laboratory, Kurgan State University, Kurgan, Russian Federation
- Innovation Center for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
- University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russian Federation
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Cruz-Muñoz JR, Barrios-García T, Valdez-Morales EE, Durán-Vazquez MF, Méndez-Rodríguez KB, Barajas-Espinosa A, Ochoa-Cortes F, Martínez-Saldaña MC, Gómez-Aguirre YA, Alba RG. Ethanolic extract from Lepidium virginicum L. ameliorates DNBS-induced colitis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115056. [PMID: 35104576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lepidium virginicum L. (Brassicaceae) is a plant widely used in traditional Mexican medicine as an expectorant, diuretic, and as a remedy to treat diarrhea and dysentery, infection-derived gastroenteritis. However, there is no scientific study that validates its clinical use as an anti-inflammatory in the intestine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Lepidium virginicum L. (ELv) in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) animal model of IBD was used. Colitis was induced by intrarectal instillation of 200 mg/kg of DNBS dissolved vehicle, 50% ethanol. Control rats only received the vehicle. Six hours posterior to DNBS administration, ELv (3, 30, or 100 mg/kg) was administered daily by gavage or intraperitoneal injection. The onset and course of the inflammatory response were monitored by assessing weight loss, stool consistency, and fecal blood. Colonic damage was evaluated by colon weight/length ratio, histopathology, colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). RESULTS Rats treated with DNBS displayed significant weight loss, diarrhea, fecal blood, colon shortening, a significant increase in immune cell infiltration and MPO activity, as well as increased proinflammatory cytokine expression. Intraperitoneal administration of ELv significantly reduced colon inflammation, whereas oral treatment proved to be ineffective. In fact, intraperitoneal ELv significantly attenuated the clinical manifestations of colitis, immune cell infiltration, MPO activity, and pro-inflammatory (CXCL-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β) gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Traditional medicine has employed ELv as a remedy for common infection-derived gastrointestinal symptoms; however, we hereby present the first published study validating its anti-inflammatory properties in the mitigation of DNBS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R Cruz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags, C.P. 20100, Mexico.
| | - Tonatiuh Barrios-García
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags, C.P. 20100, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo E Valdez-Morales
- Cátedras CONACYT. Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad s/n. Exhacienda 5 señores Oaxaca, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez Oaxaca, Mexico.
| | - María F Durán-Vazquez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags, C.P. 20100, Mexico.
| | - Karen B Méndez-Rodríguez
- Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona No. 550, Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico.
| | - Alma Barajas-Espinosa
- Licenciatura en Enfermería, Escuela Superior de Huejutla, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Calle acceso principal al corredor industrial s/n, Colonia Parque de Poblamiento, C.P. 43000, Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Ochoa-Cortes
- Licenciatura en Enfermería, Escuela Superior de Huejutla, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Calle acceso principal al corredor industrial s/n, Colonia Parque de Poblamiento, C.P. 43000, Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - María C Martínez-Saldaña
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags., C.P. 20100, Mexico.
| | - Yenny A Gómez-Aguirre
- CONACyT Research Fellow- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags., C.P. 20100, Mexico.
| | - Raquel Guerrero Alba
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags, C.P. 20100, Mexico.
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Li Z, Li Z, Yu H, Wang B, Song W, Liu J. Tailoring therapeutic effect for chronotherapy of variant angina based on pharmacodynamic/deconvolution integrated model method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 175:106208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu S, Gai S, Han G, Jiang Y, Li B, Li D, Yang S, Lv Z. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of penindolone in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5388. [PMID: 35474234 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Penindolone (PND) is a novel Influenza A virus dual inhibitor that blocks hemagglutinin-mediated adsorption and membrane fusion. A sensitive and specific ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine PND in rat plasma. Plasma samples preparation was a simple deproteinization with acetonitrile followed by centrifugation. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-water containing 0.1% formic acid. Detection was carried out by electrospray ionization in negative ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Linear detection responses were obtained for PND ranging from 1 to 1000 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precision (relative standard deviations, RSD) were within 6.5%, and accuracy (relative error, RE) was within ±11.0%. The extraction recovery data of PND and IS were more than 96.0%. PND were proved to be stable during the sample storage, preparation and analytic procedures. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of PND in rats. The results showed the existence of twin peaks, gender difference and nonlinear pharmacokinetics of PND. In addition, two oxidation metabolites and three glucuronidation metabolites of PND were detected by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Susu Gai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Gaitian Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Bohan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
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Edvardsen HME, Aamodt C, Bogstrand ST, Krajci P, Vindenes V, Rognli EB. Concentrations of psychoactive substances in blood samples from non-fatal and fatal opioid overdoses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:4494-4504. [PMID: 35470456 PMCID: PMC9543683 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The primary aim was to compare concentrations of psychoactive substances in blood in non‐fatal and fatal opioid overdoses. The secondary aim was to assess the concentration levels of naloxone in blood in non‐fatal overdoses and the association between naloxone findings and concomitantly detected drugs. Method Design Case‐control study. Setting Norway. Fatal overdoses from 2017 and non‐fatal overdoses from February 2018 to September 2019. Cases Thirty‐one non‐fatal and 160 fatal opioid overdose cases. Data from the non‐fatal overdoses were collected from hospital records and blood samples, and data from the fatal overdoses were collected from autopsy reports. Concentrations of psychoactive substances (including ethanol) in blood samples were collected at the time of hospital admission for the non‐fatal overdoses and during autopsy for the fatal overdoses. Results The median number of different substances detected was four for fatal and five for non‐fatal overdoses. The fatal overdoses had higher pooled concentrations of opioids (188 vs 57.2 ng/mL, P < .001), benzodiazepines (5467 vs 2051 ng/mL, P = .005) and amphetamines (581 vs 121 ng/mL, P < .001) than the non‐fatal overdoses. A linear relationship between naloxone and concomitant pooled opioid concentrations was found (95% confidence interval = 0.002‐0.135, P < .05). Conclusion The total load of drug concentrations was associated with the fatal outcome of an overdose, while the number of drugs used, to a lesser extent, differentiated between those who survived and those who died from an overdose. Higher opioid concentrations were associated with treatment with higher naloxone doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carl Aamodt
- Department of Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Tore Bogstrand
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Krajci
- Department of Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vigdis Vindenes
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eline Borger Rognli
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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