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Feng Y, Yang Y, Zou S, Qiu S, Yang H, Hu Y, Lin G, Yao X, Liu S, Zou M. Identification of alpha-linolenic acid as a broad-spectrum antiviral against zika, dengue, herpes simplex, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antiviral Res 2023:105666. [PMID: 37429528 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has garnered global attention due to its association with severe congenital defects including microcephaly. However, there are no licensed vaccines or drugs against ZIKV infection. Pregnant women have the greatest need for treatment, making drug safety crucial. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acid, has been used as a health-care product and dietary supplement due to its potential medicinal properties. Here, we demonstrated that ALA inhibits ZIKV infection in cells without loss of cell viability. Time-of-addition assay revealed that ALA interrupts the binding, adsorption, and entry stages of ZIKV replication cycle. The mechanism is probably that ALA disrupts the membrane integrity of the virions to release ZIKV RNA, inhibiting viral infectivity. Further examination revealed that ALA inhibits DENV-2, HSV-1, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection dose-dependently. ALA is a promising broad-spectrum antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuting Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guifen Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xingang Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Min Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Ebrahimi T, Shamshiri AR, Alebouyeh M, Mohebbi SZ. Effectiveness of mouthwashes on reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load in oral cavity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:443. [PMID: 37400836 PMCID: PMC10318743 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of SARS-COV-2 transmission is relatively high during dental procedures. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of mouthwashes on SARS-COV-2 viral load reduction in the oral cavity. METHODS A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library for relevant studies up to 20 July, 2022. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trial and quasi-experimental studies evaluating patients with Covid-19 infection (patients) who used mouthwashes (intervention) compared to the same patients before using the mouthwash (comparison) for reducing the SARS-COV-2 load or increasing the cycle threshold (Ct) value (outcome) were searched according to PICO components. Three independent reviewers conducted literature screening and data extraction. The Modified Downs and Black checklist was used for quality assessment. A meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model in the Revman 5.4.1software using the mean difference (MD) of cycle threshold (Ct) values. RESULTS Of 1653 articles, 9 with a high methodological quality were included. A meta-analysis indicated that 1% Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) was an effective mouthwash for reducing the SARS-COV-2 viral load [MD 3.61 (95% confidence interval 1.03, 6.19)]. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) [MD 0.61 (95% confidence interval -1.03, 2.25)] and Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) [MD -0.04 95% confidence interval (-1.20, 1.12)] were not effective against SARS-COV-2. CONCLUSION Using mouthwashes containing PVP-I may be recommended for reducing the SARS-COV-2 viral load in the oral cavity of patients before and during dental procedures, while the evidence is not sufficient for such effects for CPC and CHX-containing mouthwashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebe Ebrahimi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Alebouyeh
- Pediatric Infections Research Centre, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Z Mohebbi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen N, Bai T, Wang S, Wang H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhu Z. New Insights into the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1473. [PMID: 37374975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a positive-strand RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus in the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD). BVDV's unique virion structure, genome, and replication mechanism in the Flaviviridae family render it a useful alternative model for evaluating the effectiveness of antiviral drugs used against the hepatitis C virus (HCV). As one of the most abundant and typical heat shock proteins, HSP70 plays an important role in viral infection caused by the family Flaviviridae and is considered a logical target of viral regulation in the context of immune escape. However, the mechanism of HSP70 in BVDV infection and the latest insights have not been reported in sufficient detail. In this review, we focus on the role and mechanisms of HSP70 in BVDV-infected animals/cells to further explore the possibility of targeting this protein for antiviral therapy during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Tongtong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
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Pereira RS, Santos FCP, Campana PRV, Costa VV, de Pádua RM, Souza DG, Teixeira MM, Braga FC. Natural Products and Derivatives as Potential Zika virus Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051211. [PMID: 37243296 DOI: 10.3390/v15051211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus whose infection in humans can lead to severe outcomes. This article reviews studies reporting the anti-ZIKV activity of natural products (NPs) and derivatives published from 1997 to 2022, which were carried out with NPs obtained from plants (82.4%) or semisynthetic/synthetic derivatives, fungi (3.1%), bacteria (7.6%), animals (1.2%) and marine organisms (1.9%) along with miscellaneous compounds (3.8%). Classes of NPs reported to present anti-ZIKV activity include polyphenols, triterpenes, alkaloids, and steroids, among others. The highest values of the selectivity index, the ratio between cytotoxicity and antiviral activity (SI = CC50/EC50), were reported for epigallocatechin gallate (SI ≥ 25,000) and anisomycin (SI ≥ 11,900) obtained from Streptomyces bacteria, dolastane (SI = 1246) isolated from the marine seaweed Canistrocarpus cervicorni, and the flavonol myricetin (SI ≥ 862). NPs mostly act at the stages of viral adsorption and internalization in addition to presenting virucidal effect. The data demonstrate the potential of NPs for developing new anti-ZIKV agents and highlight the lack of studies addressing their molecular mechanisms of action and pre-clinical studies of efficacy and safety in animal models. To the best of our knowledge, none of the active compounds has been submitted to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela Santos Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Françoise Camila Pereira Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Maia de Pádua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniele G Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernão Castro Braga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
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Anti–Zika Virus Activity and Isolation of Flavonoids from Ethanol Extracts of Curatella americana L. Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062546. [PMID: 36985517 PMCID: PMC10054362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ethnomedicinal plant Curatella americana L. (Dilleniaceae) is a common shrub in the Brazilian Cerrado, whose ethanolic extract showed significant in vitro anti–Zika virus activity by the MTT colorimetric method. Currently, there is no drug in clinical use specifically for the treatment of this virus; therefore, in this work, the antiviral and cytotoxic properties of the ethanolic extract, fractions, and compounds were evaluated. The ethanolic extract of the leaves showed no cytotoxicity for the human MRC-5 cell and was moderately cytotoxic for the Vero cell (CC50 161.5 ± 2.01 µg/mL). This extract inhibited the Zika virus multiplication cycle with an EC50 of 85.2 ± 1.65 µg/mL. This extract was fractionated using the liquid–liquid partition technique, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed significant activity against the Zika virus with an EC50 of 40.7 ± 2.33 µg/mL. From the ethyl acetate fraction, the flavonoids quercetin-3-O-hexosylgallate (1), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (2), and quercetin (5) were isolated, and in addition to these compounds, a mixture of quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (3) and quercetin-3-O-arabinoside (4) was also obtained. The isolated compounds quercetin and quercetin-3-O-hexosylgallate inhibited the viral cytopathic effect at an EC50 of 18.6 ± 2.8 and 152.8 ± 2.0, respectively. Additionally, analyses by liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer allowed the identification of another 24 minor phenolic constituents present in the ethanolic extract and in the ethyl acetate fraction of this species.
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Sadeer NB, Haddad JG, Ezzat MO, Desprès P, Abdallah HH, Zengin G, Alshamrani IM, Barnawi J, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Le Van B, El Kalamouni C, Mahomoodally MF. Rhizophora mucronata Lam., a halophyte from Mauritius Island, inhibits the entry of Zika virus in human cells (A549)- an in vitro and in silico analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12599-12609. [PMID: 36648248 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2167115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The recent appearance of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil should serve as a wake-up call to international authorities, as it poses a threat to global public health. In the present study, we investigated whether a mangrove plant, Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (R. mucronata) collected in Mauritius, possesses anti-ZIKV activity at the non-cytotoxic doses. ZIKVMC-MR766NIID (ZIKVGFP) was used for assessing anti ZIKV activity. In silico docking (Autodock 4) and molecular simulation were performed on collected data. Using a recombinant ZIKV expressing reporter green fluorescent protein(GFP) protein, we discovered that fruit and root methanolic, decocted fruit and root extracts were effective inhibitors of ZIKV infection in human epithelial A549 cells at negligible cytotoxicity. The mechanisms by which such extracts prevented ZIKV infection are linked to the inability of the virus to attach to the host cell surface. The outcomes of this study were supported by the docking calculations in which some of the dominant compounds have shown high binding affinity against ZIKV. The scientific data gathered in this study might pave the way for the future development of possible R. mucronata inhibitors to combat ZIKV.fCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Juliano G Haddad
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | - Mohammed Oday Ezzat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Women, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Anbar, Iraq
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | - Hassan H Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University-erbil, erbil, Iraq
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bao Le Van
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Chaker El Kalamouni
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Discovery of dehydroandrographolide derivatives with C19 hindered ether as potent anti-ZIKV agents with inhibitory activities to MTase of ZIKV NS5. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sheridan R, Spelman K. Polyphenolic promiscuity, inflammation-coupled selectivity: Whether PAINs filters mask an antiviral asset. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:909945. [PMID: 36339544 PMCID: PMC9634583 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.909945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has elicited much laboratory and clinical research attention on vaccines, mAbs, and certain small-molecule antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 infection. By contrast, there has been comparatively little attention on plant-derived compounds, especially those that are understood to be safely ingested at common doses and are frequently consumed in the diet in herbs, spices, fruits and vegetables. Examining plant secondary metabolites, we review recent elucidations into the pharmacological activity of flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds and also survey their putative frequent-hitter behavior. Polyphenols, like many drugs, are glucuronidated post-ingestion. In an inflammatory milieu such as infection, a reversion back to the active aglycone by the release of β-glucuronidase from neutrophils and macrophages allows cellular entry of the aglycone. In the context of viral infection, virions and intracellular virus particles may be exposed to promiscuous binding by the polyphenol aglycones resulting in viral inhibition. As the mechanism's scope would apply to the diverse range of virus species that elicit inflammation in infected hosts, we highlight pre-clinical studies of polyphenol aglycones, such as luteolin, isoginkgetin, quercetin, quercetagetin, baicalein, curcumin, fisetin and hesperetin that reduce virion replication spanning multiple distinct virus genera. It is hoped that greater awareness of the potential spatial selectivity of polyphenolic activation to sites of pathogenic infection will spur renewed research and clinical attention for natural products antiviral assaying and trialing over a wide array of infectious viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Spelman
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
- Health Education and Research, Driggs, ID, United States
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Zhou GF, Xie CQ, Xue JX, Wang JB, Yang YZ, Zheng CB, Luo RH, Yang RH, Chen W, Yang LM, Wang YP, Zhang HB, He YP, Zheng YT. Identification of 6ω-cyclohexyl-2-(phenylamino carbonylmethylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones targeting the ZIKV NS5 RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Front Chem 2022; 10:1010547. [PMID: 36311427 PMCID: PMC9605737 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1010547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is a global health concern because of its association with severe neurological disorders such as neonatal microcephaly and adult Guillain-Barre syndrome. Although many efforts have been made to combat ZIKV infection, there is currently no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available and there is an urgent need to develop effective anti-ZIKV agents. In this study, 26 acetylarylamine-S-DACOs derivatives were prepared, and eight of them were found to have inhibitory activity against Zika virus. Among these substances, 2-[(4-cyclohexyl-5-ethyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-N-(3,5-difluorophenyl)acetamide (4w) with the best anti-ZIKV activity was selected for in-depth study of antiviral activity and mechanism of action. Here, we discovered 4w targeted on the ZIKV NS5 RNA -dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which exhibited good in vitro antiviral activity without cell species specificity, both at the protein level and at the RNA level can significantly inhibit ZIKV replication. Preliminary molecular docking studies showed that 4w preferentially binds to the palm region of NS5A RdRp through hydrogen bonding with residues such as LYS468, PHE466, GLU465, and GLY467. ZIKV NS5 RdRp enzyme activity experiment showed that 4w could directly inhibit ZIKV RdRp activity with EC50 = 11.38 ± 0.51 μM. In antiviral activity studies, 4w was found to inhibit ZIKV RNA replication with EC50 = 6.87 ± 1.21 μM. ZIKV-induced plaque formation was inhibited with EC50 = 7.65 ± 0.31 μM. In conclusion, our study disclosed that acetylarylamine-S-DACOs is a new active scaffolds against ZIKV, among which compound 4w was proved to be a potent novel anti-ZIKV compound target ZIKV RdRp protein. These promising results provide a future prospective for the development of ZIKV RdRp inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Feng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Xia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Zhuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chang-Bo Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ren-Hua Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Liu-Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Bin Zhang, ; Yan-Ping He, ; Yong-Tang Zheng,
| | - Yan-Ping He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Bin Zhang, ; Yan-Ping He, ; Yong-Tang Zheng,
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Bin Zhang, ; Yan-Ping He, ; Yong-Tang Zheng,
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Pharmacological Potential of Flavonoids against Neurotropic Viruses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091149. [PMID: 36145370 PMCID: PMC9502241 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural compounds that have been described in the literature as having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective compounds. Although they are considered versatile molecules, little has been discussed about their antiviral activities for neurotropic viruses. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the pharmacological potential of flavonoids in the face of viruses that can affect the central nervous system (CNS). We carried out research from 2011 to 2021 using the Pubmed platform. The following were excluded: articles not in the English language, letters to editors, review articles and papers that did not include any experimental or clinical tests, and papers that showed antiviral activities against viruses that do not infect human beings. The inclusion criteria were in silico predictions and preclinical pharmacological studies, in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo, and clinical studies with flavonoids, flavonoid fractions and extracts that were active against neurotropic viruses. The search resulted in 205 articles that were sorted per virus type and discussed, considering the most cited antiviral activities. Our investigation shows the latest relevant data about flavonoids that have presented a wide range of actions against viruses that affect the CNS, mainly influenza, hepatitis C and others, such as the coronavirus, enterovirus, and arbovirus. Considering that these molecules present well-known anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities, using flavonoids that have demonstrated both neuroprotective and antiviral effects could be viewed as an alternative for therapy in the course of CNS infections.
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Fong YD, Chu JJH. Natural products as Zika antivirals. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1739-1780. [PMID: 35593443 PMCID: PMC9540820 DOI: 10.1002/med.21891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus belonging to the flavivirus genus and is transmitted in Aedes mosquito vectors. Since its discovery in humans in 1952 in Uganda, ZIKV has been responsible for many outbreaks in South America, Africa, and Asia. Patients infected with ZIKV are usually asymptomatic; mild symptoms include fever, joint and muscle pain, and fatigue. However, severe infections may have neurological implications, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and fetal microcephaly. To date, there are no existing approved therapeutic drugs or vaccines against ZIKV infections; treatments mainly target the symptoms of infection. Preventive measures against mosquito breeding are the main strategy for limiting the spread of the virus. Antiviral drug research for the treatment of ZIKV infection has been rapidly developing, with many drug candidates emerging from drug repurposing studies, and compound screening. In particular, several studies have demonstrated the potential of natural products as antivirals for ZIKV infection. Hence, this paper will review recent advances in natural products in ZIKV antiviral drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Deborah Fong
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), NUS Graduate School (NUSGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), NUS Graduate School (NUSGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Collaborative and Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Abdelkhalek A, El-Gendi H, Al-Askar AA, Maresca V, Moawad H, Elsharkawy MM, Younes HA, Behiry SI. Enhancing systemic resistance in faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) to Bean yellow mosaic virus via soil application and foliar spray of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:933498. [PMID: 35982695 PMCID: PMC9378966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.933498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rhizobium spp. manifests strong nitrogen fixation ability in legumes. However, their significance as biocontrol agents and antivirals has rarely been investigated. Under greenhouse conditions, the molecularly identified nitrogen-fixing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1, isolated from the root nodules of faba bean plants, was tested as a soil inoculum or a foliar application to trigger faba bean plants' resistance against Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) infection. Compared to the non-treated faba bean plants, the applications of 33504-Alex1 in either soil or foliar application significantly promoted growth and improved total chlorophyll content, resulting in a considerable reduction in disease incidence and severity and the inhibition index of BYMV in the treated faba bean plants. Furthermore, the protective activities of 33504-Alex1 were associated with significant reductions in non-enzymatic oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and remarkably increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content compared to the BYMV treatment at 20 days post-inoculation. Additionally, an increase in reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)] and induced transcriptional levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins (PR-1, PR-3, and PR-5) were observed. Of the 19 polyphenolic compounds detected in faba bean leaves by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, gallic and vanillic acids were completely shut down in BYMV treatment. Interestingly, the 33504-Alex1 treatments were associated with the induction and accumulation of the most detected polyphenolic compounds. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed hexadecanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, tetraneurin-A-Diol, oleic acid, and isochiapin B are the major compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of 33504-Alex1 culture filtrate (CF), suggesting it acts as an elicitor for the induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in faba bean plants. Consequently, the capacity of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1 to enhance plant growth and induce systemic resistance to BYMV infection will support the incorporation of 33504-Alex1 as a fertilizer and biocontrol agent and offer a new strategy for crop protection, sustainability, and environmental safety in agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelkhalek
- Department of Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hamada El-Gendi
- Department of Bioprocess Development, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Hassan Moawad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohsen M. Elsharkawy
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hosny A. Younes
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Said I. Behiry
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Pechinskii SV, Kuregyan AG, Oganesyan ET. Chemoenzyme Synthesis of Flavonoid Esters. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222080060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Sundar S, Piramanayagam S, Natarajan J. A review on structural genomics approach applied for drug discovery against three vector-borne viral diseases: Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. Virus Genes 2022; 58:151-171. [PMID: 35394596 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Structural genomics involves the advent of three-dimensional structures of the genome encoded proteins through various techniques available. Numerous structural genomics research groups have been developed across the globe and they contribute enormously to the identification of three-dimensional structures of various proteins. In this review, we have discussed the applications of the structural genomics approach towards the discovery of potential lead-like molecules against the genomic drug targets of three vector-borne diseases, namely, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. Currently, all these three diseases are associated with the most important global public health problems and significant economic burden in tropical countries. Structural genomics has accelerated the identification of novel drug targets and inhibitors for the treatment of these diseases. We start with the current development status of the drug targets and antiviral drugs against these three diseases and conclude by describing challenges that need to be addressed to overcome the shortcomings in the process of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobana Sundar
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Jeyakumar Natarajan
- Data Mining and Text Mining Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Mbikay M, Chrétien M. Isoquercetin as an Anti-Covid-19 Medication: A Potential to Realize. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:830205. [PMID: 35308240 PMCID: PMC8924057 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.830205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoquercetin and quercetin are secondary metabolites found in a variety of plants, including edible ones. Isoquercetin is a monoglycosylated derivative of quercetin. When ingested, isoquercetin accumulates more than quercetin in the intestinal mucosa where it is converted to quercetin; the latter is absorbed into enterocytes, transported to the liver, released in circulation, and distributed to tissues, mostly as metabolic conjugates. Physiologically, isoquercetin and quercetin exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, and anticoagulant activities. Generally isoquercetin is less active than quercetin in vitro and ex vivo, whereas it is equally or more active in vivo, suggesting that it is primarily a more absorbable precursor to quercetin, providing more favorable pharmacokinetics to the latter. Isoquercetin, like quercetin, has shown broad-spectrum antiviral activities, significantly reducing cell infection by influenza, Zika, Ebola, dengue viruses among others. This ability, together with their other physiological properties and their safety profile, has led to the proposition that administration of these flavonols could prevent infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), or arrest the progression to severity and lethality of resulting coronavirus disease of 2019 (Covid-19). In silico screening of small molecules for binding affinity to proteins involved SARS-CoV-2 life cycle has repeatedly situated quercetin and isoquercetin near to top of the list of likely effectors. If experiments in cells and animals confirm these predictions, this will provide additional justifications for the conduct of clinical trials to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of these flavonols in Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majambu Mbikay
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Chrétien
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lu S, Hu J, Xie X, Huang R, He J. Sesquiterpenoids isolated from feces-residing Streptomyces sp. inhibit the cellular entry of influenza a viruses. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6286-6296. [PMID: 35105217 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2033740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Five metabolites (1-5), including two new sesquiterpenoids, designated ganodermanol L (1) and 4α,15-epoxyeudesmane-1β,6α,11-triol (2), together with three known structurally related compounds (3-5), have been isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces sp. XM17, a bacteria residing in the fresh feces of the giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca. The structures of 1-2 were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) experiments. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of 1 was established by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses. Of noted, these compounds were found to possessed antiviral activities using the 'pretreatment of virus' approach with IC50 values ranging from 4 to 30 nM, indicating that these sesquiterpenoids were potent in inhibiting the entry of influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Lu
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Hu
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Huang
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian He
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Agraharam G, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Myricetin: a Multifunctional Flavonol in Biomedicine. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 8:48-61. [PMID: 35036292 PMCID: PMC8743163 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVEIW The root cause of many diseases like CVD, cancer, and aging is free radicals which exert their effect by interfering with different metabolic pathways. The sources of free radicals can be exogenous, like UV rays from sunlight, and endogenous due to different metabolic by-products.In our body, there are defense mechanisms present, such as antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules to combat these free radicals, but if there is an overload of these free radicals in our body, the defense system may not be sufficient to neutralize these free radicals. In such situations, we are exposed to a chronic low dose of oxidants creating oxidative stress, which is responsible for eliciting different diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Pubmed and Google Scholar are the search engines used to sort out relevant papers on myricetin and its role in combating many diseases. Myricetin is present in many fruits and vegetables and is a known antioxidant. It can elevate the antioxidant enzyme levels; reduces the lipid peroxidation; and is known to protect against cancer. In the case of myocardial dysfunction, myricetin has been shown to suppress the inflammatory cytokines and reduced the mortality rate. Myricetin has also been found to reduce platelet aggregation and control the viral infections by interfering in the DNA replication pathways. SUMMARY In this paper, we have briefly reviewed about the different type and site of free radicals and the role of myricetin in addressing the ROS and different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishna Agraharam
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
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Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities and Protein Interaction of the Oxidovanadium(IV) Naringin Complex. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex of oxidovanadium(IV) with naringin (Narg) [VO(Narg)2] 8H2O (VONarg) was prepared according to the literature improving the synthetic procedure and physicochemical characterization. In addition, biological activities (cytotoxic, antioxidant, and BSA interaction) were determined. The metal coordinated through the 5-hydroxy and 4-carbonyl groups of rings A and C of naringin, respectively. The antioxidant activity of VONarg, determined in vitro, was higher than those of the flavonoid against superoxide and peroxyl reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DPPH radical. The cytotoxic properties were determined by a MTT assay on adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549). VONarg exerted a 20% decrease in cancer cells viability at 24 h incubation, while naringin and oxidovanadium(IV) cation did not show cytotoxicity. Measurements with the normal HEK293 cell line showed that the inhibitory action of the complex is selective. VONarg generated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), depletion of reduced glutathione and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, typical for apoptotic pathway, producing cell death by oxidative stress mechanism. Moreover, naringin interacted with bovine serum albumin (BSA) through hydrophobic interactions in a spontaneous process, and VONarg showed greater affinity for the protein but can still be transported and delivered by it (Ka 104 L·mol−1 order).
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Lu S, Xie X, Hu J, Lin H, Li F, Zhou R, Guo J, Wu S, He J. New anti-influenza A viral norsesquiterpenoids isolated from feces-residing Streptomyces sp. Fitoterapia 2021; 157:105107. [PMID: 34952142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three novel norsesquiterpenoids, (2R,4S,8aR)-8,8a,1,2,3,4-hexahydro-2-hydroxy-4,8a-dimethyl-2(2H)-naphthalenone (1), (1S,3S,4S,4aS,8aR)-4,8a-dimethyloctahydronaphthalene-1,3,4a(3H)-triol(2), (4S,4aS,8aS)-octahydro-4a-hydroxy-4, 8a-dimethyl-1(2H)-naphthalenone (3), as well as six other known analogues (4-9), were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. XM17, an actinobacterial strain inhabiting the fresh feces of the giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca. The chemical structures of 1-3 were elucidated comprehensively by NMR spectroscopic and MS analyses, furthermore, the stereochemical configurations were resolved by NOESY experiments, along with ECD spectral and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses. These compounds were then tested for their antiviral activities using the "pretreatment of virus" approach, which showed that most of these compounds were potent in inhibiting the entry of influenza A virus, with IC50 values ranging from 5 to 49 nM and selectivity indices all above 500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Lu
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Hu
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixing Lin
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Runhong Zhou
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian He
- Group of Peptides and Natural Products Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Xiong W, Li J, Feng Y, Chai J, Wu J, Hu Y, Tian M, Lu W, Xu X, Zou M. Brevinin-2GHk, a Peptide Derived from the Skin of Fejervarya limnocharis, Inhibits Zika Virus Infection by Disrupting Viral Integrity. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122382. [PMID: 34960651 PMCID: PMC8708736 DOI: 10.3390/v13122382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several years have passed since the Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic reoccurred in 2015–2016. However, there is still a lack of proved protective vaccines or effective drugs against ZIKV. The peptide brevinin-2GHk (BR2GK), pertaining to the brevinin-2 family of antimicrobial peptides, has been reported to exhibit only weak antibacterial activity, and its antiviral effects have not been investigated. Thus, we analyzed the effect of BR2GK on ZIKV infection. BR2GK showed significant inhibitory activity in the early and middle stages of ZIKV infection, with negligible cytotoxicity. Furthermore, BR2GK was suggested to bind with ZIKV E protein and disrupt the integrity of the envelope, thus directly inactivating ZIKV. In addition, BR2GK can also penetrate the cell membrane, which may contribute to inhibition of the middle stage of ZIKV infection. BR2GK blocked ZIKV E protein expression with an IC50 of 3.408 ± 0.738 μΜ. In summary, BR2GK was found to be a multi-functional candidate and a potential lead compound for further development of anti-ZIKV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinwei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiena Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yunrui Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Maolin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wancheng Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xueqing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (M.Z.)
| | - Min Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (W.X.); (J.L.); (Y.F.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (M.T.); (W.L.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (M.Z.)
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Luo W, Wu B, Tang L, Li G, Chen H, Yin X. Recent research progress of Cirsium medicinal plants in China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114475. [PMID: 34363929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The species of the genus Cirsium have been used as traditional Chinese medicine for hundreds of years. It is believed that Cirsium has the efficacies of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, dispelling blood stasis, detoxifying and eliminating carbuncle. At present, they are mainly used in treatment of the hemoptysis, hematemesis, hemoptysis, hematuria, traumatic bleeding and Henoch-Schonlein purpura. They are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM This paper systematically collated the classification, traditional use, pharmacological action, phytochemistry and clinical application of Cirsium plants in the past ten years, intending to provide a critical appraisal of current knowledge for future in-depth study and rational development and utilization of Cirsium plants. MATERIAL AND METHODS This paper searched various databases (SciFinder, Science Direct, CNKI, Wiley online library, Spring Link, Web of Science, PubMed, Wanfang Data, Weipu Data), Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition, Chinese Flora, Chinese Materia Medica and some local books on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS More than ten species of Cirsium have been used as folk medicine, and modern pharmacological studies have shown that Cirsium has the effects of protecting liver, antioxidation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, etc. More than 200 chemical constituents such as flavonoids, triterpenes, sterols, phenylpropanoids have been isolated from Cirsium. Some ingredients show a wide variety of bioactivities including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor and other activities. At present, Cirsium medicinal plants, as traditional Chinese medicine, were mainly used to treat nephritis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura and hemorrhage, although some species used in folk lack of quality control systems. CONCLUSION Cirsium plants are a safe and effective medicine for cooling blood and hemostasis. Recent studies on pharmacology and phytochemistry also provide solid scientific evidences for the traditional application of this genus. It also shows significant hepatoprotective activity and may be a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of liver disease. However, the qualitative and quantitative analysis, pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action also need in-depth study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Bei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Liangjie Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Guoyou Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hulan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xuemei Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Fakhri S, Mohammadi Pour P, Piri S, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Modulating Neurological Complications of Emerging Infectious Diseases: Mechanistic Approaches to Candidate Phytochemicals. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:742146. [PMID: 34764869 PMCID: PMC8576094 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.742146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing studies are revealing the critical manifestations of influenza, dengue virus (DENV) infection, Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, and Ebola virus disease (EVD) as emerging infectious diseases. However, their corresponding mechanisms of major complications headed for neuronal dysfunction are not entirely understood. From the mechanistic point of view, inflammatory/oxidative mediators are activated during emerging infectious diseases towards less cell migration, neurogenesis impairment, and neuronal death. Accordingly, the virus life cycle and associated enzymes, as well as host receptors, cytokine storm, and multiple signaling mediators, are the leading players of emerging infectious diseases. Consequently, chemokines, interleukins, interferons, carbohydrate molecules, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and tyrosine kinases are leading orchestrates of peripheral and central complications which are in near interconnections. Some of the resulting neuronal manifestations have attracted much attention, including inflammatory polyneuropathy, encephalopathy, meningitis, myelitis, stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), radiculomyelitis, meningoencephalitis, memory loss, headaches, cranial nerve abnormalities, tremor, and seizure. The complex pathophysiological mechanism behind the aforementioned complications urges the need for finding multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects. In recent decades, the natural kingdom has been highlighted as promising neuroprotective natural products in modulating several dysregulated signaling pathways/mediators. The present study provides neuronal manifestations of some emerging infectious diseases and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Besides, a mechanistic-based strategy is developed to introduce candidate natural products as promising multi-target agents in combating major dysregulated pathways towards neuroprotection in influenza, DENV infection, ZIKV disease, and EVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Nanotechnology Applications of Flavonoids for Viral Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111895. [PMID: 34834309 PMCID: PMC8625292 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of several viral diseases, including various zoonotic diseases such as the current pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Other viruses, which possess pandemic-causing potential include avian flu, Ebola, dengue, Zika, and Nipah virus, as well as the re-emergence of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) coronaviruses. Notably, effective drugs or vaccines against these viruses are still to be discovered. All the newly approved vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2-induced disease COVID-19 possess real-time possibility of becoming obsolete because of the development of ‘variants of concern’. Flavonoids are being increasingly recognized as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against emerging and old viral diseases. Around 10,000 natural flavonoid compounds have been identified, being phytochemicals, all plant-based. Flavonoids have been reported to have lesser side effects than conventional anti-viral agents and are effective against more viral diseases than currently used anti-virals. Despite their abundance in plants, which are a part of human diet, flavonoids have the problem of low bioavailability. Various attempts are in progress to increase the bioavailability of flavonoids, one of the promising fields being nanotechnology. This review is a narrative of some anti-viral dietary flavonoids, their bioavailability, and various means with an emphasis on the nanotechnology system(s) being experimented with to deliver anti-viral flavonoids, whose systems show potential in the efficient delivery of flavonoids, resulting in increased bioavailability.
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24
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Zou M, Li JY, Zhang MJ, Li JH, Huang JT, You PD, Liu SW, Zhou CQ. G-quadruplex binder pyridostatin as an effective multi-target ZIKV inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:178-188. [PMID: 34461156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
At present, there are still no anti-Zika virus (ZIKV) drugs or vaccines approved by FDA with accurate targets and antiviral mechanisms. Considering the RNA G-quadruplex sequences in ZIKV genome, it is very meaningful to develop G-quadruplex binders as potential anti-ZIKV drugs with novel and accurate targets. In this paper, five classical G-quadruplex binders including Ber, Braco 19, NiL, 360A and PDS have been chosen to discuss their interaction with ZIKV RNA G-quadruplexes. PDS shows higher binding affinity and thermal stability than the other G-quadruplex binders. This property is further evidenced in cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. And PDS shows higher anti-ZIKV activity (EC50 = 4.2 ± 0.4 μM) than the other G-quadruplex binders as well as the positive control ribavirin, with a low cytotoxicity. By time-of-addition assay, PDS exerts antiviral activity at the post-entry process of ZIKV replication cycle, thus inhibiting ZIKV mRNA replication and protein expression. Furthermore, PDS combines with ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease and reduces its catalytic activity. This study suggests that G-quadruplex binder PDS is an effective multi-target ZIKV inhibitor, which provides more guidance to design some novel anti-ZIKV drugs targeting ZIKV RNA G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jing-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Meng-Jia Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jun-Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jun-Tao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Pei-Dan You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Shu-Wen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Chun-Qiong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Cataneo AHD, Ávila EP, Mendes LADO, de Oliveira VG, Ferraz CR, de Almeida MV, Frabasile S, Duarte Dos Santos CN, Verri WA, Bordignon J, Wowk PF. Flavonoids as Molecules With Anti- Zika virus Activity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:710359. [PMID: 34566915 PMCID: PMC8462986 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.710359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-born virus that is mainly transmitted to humans by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes spp. Since its first isolation in 1947, only a few human cases had been described until large outbreaks occurred on Yap Island (2007), French Polynesia (2013), and Brazil (2015). Most ZIKV-infected individuals are asymptomatic or present with a self-limiting disease and nonspecific symptoms such as fever, myalgia, and headache. However, in French Polynesia and Brazil, ZIKV outbreaks led to the diagnosis of congenital malformations and microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in adults. These new clinical presentations raised concern from public health authorities and highlighted the need for anti-Zika treatments and vaccines to control the neurological damage caused by the virus. Despite many efforts in the search for an effective treatment, neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs have become available to control ZIKV infection and/or replication. Flavonoids, a class of natural compounds that are well-known for possessing several biological properties, have shown activity against different viruses. Additionally, the use of flavonoids in some countries as food supplements indicates that these molecules are nontoxic to humans. Thus, here, we summarize knowledge on the use of flavonoids as a source of anti-ZIKV molecules and discuss the gaps and challenges in this area before these compounds can be considered for further preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eloah Pereira Ávila
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Rodrigues Ferraz
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Frabasile
- Sección Virologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Waldiceu Aparecido Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Juliano Bordignon
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Pryscilla Fanini Wowk
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Brazil
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26
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Mou J, Wang Q, Deng Y, Chen D, Qiu S. Synthesis and structure confirmation of 7‐ester‐8‐aminomethylene‐substituted baicalein derivatives. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Mou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy South‐central University for Nationalities Wuhan China
| | - Yanru Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Danghui Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
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Badshah SL, Faisal S, Muhammad A, Poulson BG, Emwas AH, Jaremko M. Antiviral activities of flavonoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111596. [PMID: 34126315 PMCID: PMC8192980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals known for their antiviral activity. The flavonoids acts at different stages of viral infection, such as viral entrance, replication and translation of proteins. Viruses cause various diseases such as SARS, Hepatitis, AIDS, Flu, Herpes, etc. These, and many more viral diseases, are prevalent in the world, and some (i.e. SARS-CoV-2) are causing global chaos. Despite much struggle, effective treatments for these viral diseases are not available. The flavonoid class of phytochemicals has a vast number of medicinally active compounds, many of which are studied for their potential antiviral activity against different DNA and RNA viruses. Here, we reviewed many flavonoids that showed antiviral activities in different testing environments such as in vitro, in vivo (mice model) and in silico. Some flavonoids had stronger inhibitory activities, showed no toxicity & the cell proliferation at the tested doses are not affected. Some of the flavonoids used in the in vivo studies also protected the tested mice prophylactically from lethal doses of virus, and effectively prevented viral infection. The glycosides of some of the flavonoids increased the solubility of some flavonoids, and therefore showed increased antiviral activity as compared to the non-glycoside form of that flavonoid. These phytochemicals are active against different disease-causing viruses, and inhibited the viruses by targeting the viral infections at multiple stages. Some of the flavonoids showed more potent antiviral activity than the market available drugs used to treat viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Lal Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Benjamin Gabriel Poulson
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Hamid Emwas
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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28
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Yu X, Cai T, Fan L, Liang Z, Du Q, Wang Q, Yang Z, Vlahos R, Wu L, Lin L. The traditional herbal formulation, Jianpiyifei II, reduces pulmonary inflammation induced by influenza A virus and cigarette smoke in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1733-1750. [PMID: 34236078 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide chronic inflammatory lung disease, and influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a common cause of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Therefore, targeting viral infections represents a promising strategy to prevent the occurrence and development of inflammatory flare ups in AECOPD. Jianpiyifei II (JPYFII) is a traditional herbal medicine used in China to treat patients with COPD, and its clinical indications are not well understood. However, investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanism using an animal model of smoking have been reported in a previous study by our group. In addition, some included herbs, such as Radix astragali and Radix aupleuri, were reported to exhibit antiviral effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether JPYFII formulation relieved acute inflammation by clearing the IAV in a mouse model that was exposed to cigarette smoke experimentally. JPYFII formulation treatment during smoke exposure and IAV infection significantly reduced the number of cells observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, superoxide production, and viral load in IAV-infected and smoke-exposed mice. However, JPYFII formulation treatment during smoke exposure alone did not reduce the number of cells in BALF or the expression of Il-6, Tnf-a, and Il-1β. The results demonstrated that JPYFII formulation exerted an antiviral effect and reduced the exacerbation of lung inflammation in cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice infected with IAV. Our results suggested that JPYFII formulation could potentially be used to treat patients with AECOPD associated with IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tiantian Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Long Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ziyao Liang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qiuling Du
- Guangdong Key laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Lei Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lin Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Godinho PIC, Soengas RG, Silva VLM. Therapeutic Potential of Glycosyl Flavonoids as Anti-Coronaviral Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:546. [PMID: 34200456 PMCID: PMC8227519 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread all over the world, creating a devastating socio-economic impact. Even though protective vaccines are starting to be administered, an effective antiviral agent for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 is not available yet. Moreover, since new and deadly CoVs can emerge at any time with the potential of becoming pandemics, the development of therapeutic agents against potentially deadly CoVs is a research area of much current interest. In the search for anti-coronaviral drugs, researchers soon turned their heads towards glycosylated flavonoids. Glycosyl flavonoids, widespread in the plant kingdom, have received a lot of attention due to their widely recognized antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties together with their capacity to modulate key cellular functions. The wide range of biological activities displayed by glycosyl flavonoids, along with their low toxicity, make them ideal candidates for drug development. In this review, we examine and discuss the up-to-date developments on glycosyl flavonoids as evidence-based natural sources of antivirals against coronaviruses and their potential role in the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia I. C. Godinho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Raquel G. Soengas
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 7, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vera L. M. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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Carrouel F, Valette M, Gadea E, Esparcieux A, Illes G, Langlois ME, Perrier H, Dussart C, Tramini P, Ribaud M, Bouscambert-Duchamp M, Bourgeois D. Use of an antiviral mouthwash as a barrier measure in the SARS-CoV-2 transmission in adults with asymptomatic to mild COVID-19: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 27:1494-1501. [PMID: 34044151 PMCID: PMC8142805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To determine if commercially available mouthwash with β-cyclodextrin and citrox (bioflavonoids) (CDCM) could decrease the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) salivary viral load. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR-positive patients aged 18–85 years with asymptomatic to mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms for <8 days were recruited. A total of 176 eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to CDCM or placebo. Three rinses daily were performed for 7 days. Saliva sampling was performed on day 1 at 09.00 (T1), 13.00 (T2) and 18.00 (T3). On the following 6 days, one sample was taken at 15.00. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect SARS-CoV-2. Results The intention-to-treat analysis demonstrated that, over the course of 1 day, CDCM was significantly more effective than placebo 4 hours after the first dose (p 0.036), with a median percentage (log10 copies/mL) decrease T1–T2 of –12.58% (IQR –29.55% to –0.16%). The second dose maintained the low median value for the CDCM (3.08 log10 copies/mL; IQR 0–4.19), compared with placebo (3.31 log10 copies/mL; IQR 1.18–4.75). At day 7, there was still a greater median percentage (log10 copies/mL) decrease in salivary viral load over time in the CDCM group (–58.62%; IQR –100% to –34.36%) compared with the placebo group (–50.62%; IQR –100% to –27.66%). These results were confirmed by the per-protocol analysis. Conclusions This trial supports the relevance of using CDCM on day 1 (4 hours after the initial dose) to reduce the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in saliva. For long-term effect (7 days), CDMC appears to provide a modest benefit compared with placebo in reducing viral load in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Carrouel
- Laboratory "Systemic Health Care", EA4129, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Martine Valette
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, National Center for Virus of Respiratory Infections, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Emilie Gadea
- Equipe SNA-EPIS, EA4607, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France; Clinical Research Unit, Emile Roux Hospital Centre, le Puy-en-Velay, France
| | - Aurélie Esparcieux
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Protestant Infirmary, Caluire-et-Cuire, France
| | - Gabriela Illes
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Intercommunal Hospital Centre of "Mont de Marsan et du Pays des Sources", Mont de Marsan, France
| | - Marie Elodie Langlois
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Saint Joseph Saint Luc Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Perrier
- Clinical Research Unit, Protestant Infirmary, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Dussart
- Laboratory "Systemic Health Care", EA4129, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Tramini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélina Ribaud
- National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRAE), BioSP, UR546, Avignon, France
| | - Maude Bouscambert-Duchamp
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, National Center for Virus of Respiratory Infections, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Bourgeois
- Laboratory "Systemic Health Care", EA4129, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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31
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Sang H, Huang Y, Tian Y, Liu M, Chen L, Li L, Liu S, Yang J. Multiple modes of action of myricetin in influenza A virus infection. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2797-2806. [PMID: 33484023 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus remains a major threat to public health worldwide after its first pandemic. Scientists keep searching novel anti-influenza drugs, of which natural products present to be an important source. Myricetin, a natural flavonol compound, which exists in many edible plants, which has a wide range of biological activities, but its anti-influenza A virus activity is ambiguous. This study aims to evaluate the anti-influenza activity of myricetin and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that myricetin could significantly inhibit influenza A virus replication, reduce viral polymerase activity via selective inhibition of viral PB2 subunit, and the production of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting TLR3 signaling pathway. The binding affinity analysis and the result of molecular docking revealed that myricetin interacted with the PB2 cap-binding pocket of influenza A virus. The above results suggested myricetin could exhibit anti-influenza virus activity with low cytotoxicity as well, and myricetin had low toxicity in BALB/c mice in vivo. Results from this study highlighted myricetin could be considered as a promising anti-influenza virus agent with dual inhibition profile. Furthermore, the compound with similar structure would provide a new option for the development of novel inhibitors against influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Sang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingna Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liurong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Carrouel F, Gonçalves L, Conte M, Campus G, Fisher J, Fraticelli L, Gadea-Deschamps E, Ottolenghi L, Bourgeois D. Antiviral Activity of Reagents in Mouth Rinses against SARS-CoV-2. J Dent Res 2021; 100:124-132. [PMID: 33089717 PMCID: PMC7582358 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520967933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity, an essential part of the upper aerodigestive tract, is believed to play an important role in the pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The identification of targeted antiviral mouth rinses to reduce salivary viral load would contribute to reducing the COVID-19 pandemic. While awaiting the results of significant clinical studies, which to date do not exist, the commercial availability of mouth rinses leads us to search among them for reagents that would have specific antiviral properties with respect to SARS-CoV-2. The challenges facing this target were examined for 7 reagents found in commercially available mouth rinses and listed on the ClinicalTrials.gov website: povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, cyclodextrin, Citrox, cetylpyridinium chloride, and essential oils. Because SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus, many reagents target the outer lipid membrane. Moreover, some of them can act on the capsid by denaturing proteins. Until now, there has been no scientific evidence to recommend mouth rinses with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect to control the viral load in the oral cavity. This critical review indicates that current knowledge of these reagents would likely improve trends in salivary viral load status. This finding is a strong sign to encourage clinical research for which quality protocols are already available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Carrouel
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Laboratory “Systemic Health Care,” University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - L.S. Gonçalves
- Faculty of Dentistry, Estacio de Sá
University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M.P. Conte
- Department of Public Health and
Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive
and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern,
Switzerland
| | - J. Fisher
- THEnet, Training for Health Equity
Network, New York, NY, USA
| | - L. Fraticelli
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Laboratory “Systemic Health Care,” University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- RESCUe-RESUVal Network, Lucien Hussel
Hospital, Vienne, France
| | | | - L. Ottolenghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D. Bourgeois
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Laboratory “Systemic Health Care,” University of Lyon, Lyon, France
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Seoane R, Vidal S, Bouzaher YH, El Motiam A, Rivas C. The Interaction of Viruses with the Cellular Senescence Response. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E455. [PMID: 33317104 PMCID: PMC7764305 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is viewed as a mechanism to prevent malignant transformation, but when it is chronic, as occurs in age-related diseases, it may have adverse effects on cancer. Therefore, targeting senescent cells is a novel therapeutic strategy against senescence-associated diseases. In addition to its role in cancer protection, cellular senescence is also considered a mechanism to control virus replication. Both interferon treatment and some viral infections can trigger cellular senescence as a way to restrict virus replication. However, activation of the cellular senescence program is linked to the alteration of different pathways, which can be exploited by some viruses to improve their replication. It is, therefore, important to understand the potential impact of senolytic agents on viral propagation. Here we focus on the relationship between virus and cellular senescence and the reported effects of senolytic compounds on virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Seoane
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (S.V.); (Y.H.B.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Santiago Vidal
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (S.V.); (Y.H.B.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Yanis Hichem Bouzaher
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (S.V.); (Y.H.B.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Ahmed El Motiam
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (S.V.); (Y.H.B.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Carmen Rivas
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (S.V.); (Y.H.B.); (A.E.M.)
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Piroozmand F, Mohammadipanah F, Faridbod F. Emerging biosensors in detection of natural products. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2020; 5:293-303. [PMID: 32954023 PMCID: PMC7484522 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are a valuable source in the food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, and many other industrial sectors. Their beneficial properties along with their potential toxicities make the detection, determination or quantification of NPs essential for their application. The advanced instrumental methods require time-consuming sample preparation and analysis. In contrast, biosensors allow rapid detection of NPs, especially in complex media, and are the preferred choice of detection when speed and high throughput are intended. Here, we review diverse biosensors reported for the detection of NPs. The emerging approaches for improving the efficiency of biosensors, such as microfluidics, nanotechnology, and magnetic beads, are also discussed. The simultaneous use of two detection techniques is suggested as a robust strategy for precise detection of a specific NP with structural complexity in complicated matrices. The parallel detection of a variety of NPs structures or biological activities in a mixture of extract in a single detection phase is among the anticipated future advancements in this field which can be achieved using multisystem biosensors applying multiple flow cells, sensing elements, and detection mechanisms on miniaturized folded chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Piroozmand
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Efficacy and mechanism of actions of natural antimicrobial drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107671. [PMID: 32916205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial infections have significantly increased over the last decades, and the mortality rates remain unacceptably high. The emergence of new resistance patterns and the spread of new viruses challenge the eradication of infectious diseases. The declining efficacy of antimicrobial drugs has become a global public health problem. Natural products derived from natural sources, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, have significant efficacy for the treatment of infectious diseases accompanied by less adverse effects, synergy, and ability to overcome drug resistance. As the Chinese female scientist Youyou Tu received the Nobel Prize for the antimalarial drug artemisinin, antimicrobial drugs developed from Traditional Chinese Medicine are expected to receive increasing attention again. This review summarizes the antimicrobial agents derived from natural products approved for nearly 20 years and describes their efficacy and mode of action. The aim of this unit is to review the current status of antimicrobial drugs from natural products in order to increase the value of natural products as a source of novel drug candidates for infectious diseases.
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