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Unver Y, Ari B, Acar M, Yildiz Arslan S. A self-inducible heterologous protein expression system in Komagataella phaffii ( Pichia pastoris). 3 Biotech 2024; 14:193. [PMID: 39131177 PMCID: PMC11306816 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Komagataella phaffii (previously described as Pichia pastoris) is a yeast that produces high-level heterologous proteins with a wide range of applications in medicine and industry. The methanol-induced alcohol oxidase I promoter (PAOX1) is frequently used for protein expression in this yeast. However, limitations on the use of methanol have been observed in large-scale production, including its flammability, toxicity, and need for special handling. Here, we propose to develop a system using recombinant cells constitutively expressing pectinmethyl esterase for expression of two reporter proteins, GFP and azurin, under the control of PAOX1 using pectin in production medium. So, this system is coherent with yeast culture medium containing pectin and heterologous gene inserted downstream of PAOX1 can be successfully expressed without the addition of methanol. Therefore, this novel Self-inducibLe heterologous protein EXpression (SILEX) system, which does not require the addition of methanol, can be used for the production of any protein. It can also be adapted for large-scale production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04039-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Unver
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Ari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yildiz Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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2
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Singh A, Narang A. PAOX1 expression in mixed-substrate continuous cultures of Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) is completely determined by methanol consumption regardless of the secondary carbon source. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1123703. [PMID: 37091330 PMCID: PMC10113526 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of recombinant proteins by the AOX1 promoter of Komagataella phaffii is typically induced by adding methanol to the cultivation medium. Since growth on methanol imposes a high oxygen demand, the medium is often supplemented with an additional secondary carbon source which serves to reduce the consumption of methanol, and hence, oxygen. Early research recommended the use of glycerol as the secondary carbon source, but more recent studies recommend the use of sorbitol because glycerol represses PAOX1 expression. To assess the validity of this recommendation, we measured the steady state concentrations of biomass, residual methanol, and LacZ expressed from PAOX1 over a wide range of dilution rates (0.02–0.20 h−1) in continuous cultures of the Mut+ strain fed with methanol + glycerol (repressing) and methanol + sorbitol (non-repressing). We find that under these conditions, the specific PAOX1 expression rate (measured as either specific LacZ productivity or specific AOX productivity) is completely determined by the specific methanol consumption rate regardless of the type (repressing/non-repressing) of the secondary carbon source. In both cultures, the specific PAOX1 expression rate is proportional to the specific methanol consumption rate, provided that the latter is below 0.15 g/(gdw-h); beyond this threshold consumption rate, the specific PAOX1 expression rate of both cultures saturates to the same value. Analysis of the data in the literature shows that the same phenomenon also occurs in continuous cultures of Escherichia coli fed with mixtures of lactose plus repressing/non-repressing carbon sources. The specific Plac expression rate is completely determined by the specific lactose consumption rate, regardless of the type of secondary carbon source, glycerol or glucose.
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Kashyap A, Saini K, Saini M, Khasa YP, Gupta R. Development of a novel Pichia pastoris expression platform via genomic integration of lipase gene for sustained release of methanol from methyloleate. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 53:64-75. [PMID: 35238717 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2039941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel Lip+ Pichia pastoris expression platform was developed by integrating lipase Lip2 from Yarrowia lipolytica under constitutive Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP) promoter. Effective expression of reporter protein amylase from Bacillus licheniformis was achieved utilizing methyloleate in Lip+Amy+host. Lipase hydrolyzed methyloleate into methanol that sustained PAOX1 induction, and oleic acid, which was readily utilized as a carbon source. The protein expression achieved in presence of methyloleate was comparable to methanol-induced cells, along with an increase in productive biomass. In Lip+Amy+ host, total amylase production of 220.9 ± 13 U/mg biomass was achieved at 96 h using methyloleate supplemented every 24 h. While 206.0 ± 17 U/mg biomass was obtained at 108 h in an Amy+ host induced with methanol every 12 h. Further, lipase expression neither affected growth nor added additional burden on the cellular machinery and no oleic acid accumulation was observed at any time point due to its emulsification and efficient utilization by lipase positive host. Similar results obtained with the second reporter protein γ-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Evansella caseinilytica validated the platform. An alternate lipase Lip11 from Y. lipolytica was also employed in developing a Lip+ host to validate disparity between lipase background and PAOX1 induction in presence of methyloleate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amuliya Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Saini
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Saini
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Yogender Pal Khasa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Rani Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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Sarocladium strictum lipase (LipSs) produced using crude glycerol as sole carbon source: A promising enzyme for biodiesel production. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Garrigós-Martínez J, Weninger A, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Schmid C, Valero F, Rinnofner C, Glieder A, Garcia-Ortega X. Scalable production and application of Pichia pastoris whole cell catalysts expressing human cytochrome P450 2C9. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:90. [PMID: 33902608 PMCID: PMC8074423 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the numerous and versatile applications in pharmaceutical and chemical industry make the recombinant production of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) of great biotechnological interest. Accelerating the drug development process by simple, quick and scalable access of human drug metabolites is key for efficient and targeted drug development in response to new and sometimes unexpected medical challenges and needs. However, due its biochemical complexity, scalable human CYP (hCYP) production and their application in preparative biotransformations was still in its infancy. RESULTS A scalable bioprocess for fine-tuned co-expression of hCYP2C9 and its essential complementary human cytochrome P450 reductase (hCPR) in the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is presented. High-throughput screening (HTS) of a transformant library employing a set of diverse bidirectional expression systems with different regulation patterns and a fluorimetric assay was used in order to fine-tune hCYP2C9 and hCPR co-expression, and to identify best expressing clonal variants. The bioprocess development for scalable and reliable whole cell biocatalyst production in bioreactors was carried out based on rational optimization criteria. Among the different alternatives studied, a glycerol carbon-limiting strategy at high µ showed highest production rates, while methanol co-addition together with a decrease of µ provided the best results in terms of product to biomass yield and whole cell activity. By implementing the mentioned strategies, up to threefold increases in terms of production rates and/or yield could be achieved in comparison with initial tests. Finally, the performance of the whole cell catalysts was demonstrated successfully in biotransformation using ibuprofen as substrate, demonstrating the expected high selectivity of the human enzyme catalyst for 3'hydroxyibuprofen. CONCLUSIONS For the first time a scalable bioprocess for the production of hCYP2C9 whole cell catalysts was successfully designed and implemented in bioreactor cultures, and as well, further tested in a preparative-scale biotransformation of interest. The catalyst engineering procedure demonstrated the efficiency of the employment of a set of differently regulated bidirectional promoters to identify transformants with most effective membrane-bound hCYP/hCPR co-expression ratios and implies to become a model case for the generation of other P. pastoris based catalysts relying on co-expressed enzymes such as other P450 catalysts or enzymes relying on co-expressed enzymes for co-factor regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Garrigós-Martínez
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Astrid Weninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - José Luis Montesinos-Seguí
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Christian Schmid
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Claudia Rinnofner
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria.
| | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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Barrero JJ, Pagazartaundua A, Glick BS, Valero F, Ferrer P. Bioreactor-scale cell performance and protein production can be substantially increased by using a secretion signal that drives co-translational translocation in Pichia pastoris. N Biotechnol 2021; 60:85-95. [PMID: 33045421 PMCID: PMC7680431 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris (Komagataella spp.) has become one of the most important host organisms for production of heterologous proteins of biotechnological interest, many of them extracellular. The protein secretion pathway has been recognized as a limiting process in which many roadblocks have been pinpointed. Recently, we have identified a bottleneck at the ER translocation level. In earlier exploratory studies, this limitation could be largely overcome by using an improved chimeric secretion signal to drive proteins through the co-translational translocation pathway. Here, we have further tested at bioreactor scale the improved secretion signal consisting of the pre-Ost1 signal sequence, which drives proteins through co-translational translocation, followed by the pro region from the secretion signal of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-factor mating pheromone. For comparison, the commonly used full-length α-factor secretion signal, which drives proteins through post-translational translocation, was tested. These two secretion signals were fused to three different model proteins: the tetrameric red fluorescent protein E2-Crimson, which can be used to visualize roadblocks in the secretory pathway; the lipase 2 from Bacillus thermocatenulatus (BTL2); and the Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL). All strains were tested in batch cultivation to study the different growth parameters obtained. The strains carrying the improved secretion signal showed increased final production of the proteins of interest. Interestingly, they were able to grow at significantly higher maximum specific growth rates than their counterparts carrying the conventional secretion signal. These results were corroborated in a 5 L fed-batch cultivation, where the final product concentration and volumetric productivity were also shown to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Barrero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Alejandro Pagazartaundua
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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7
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Rhizopus oryzae Lipase, a Promising Industrial Enzyme: Biochemical Characteristics, Production and Biocatalytic Applications. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are biocatalysts with a significant potential to enable a shift from current pollutant manufacturing processes to environmentally sustainable approaches. The main reason of this prospect is their catalytic versatility as they carry out several industrially relevant reactions as hydrolysis of fats in water/lipid interface and synthesis reactions in solvent-free or non-aqueous media such as transesterification, interesterification and esterification. Because of the outstanding traits of Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL), 1,3-specificity, high enantioselectivity and stability in organic media, its application in energy, food and pharmaceutical industrial sector has been widely studied. Significant advances have been made in the biochemical characterisation of ROL particularly in how its activity and stability are affected by the presence of its prosequence. In addition, native and heterologous production of ROL, the latter in cell factories like Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris), have been thoroughly described. Therefore, in this review, we summarise the current knowledge about R. oryzae lipase (i) biochemical characteristics, (ii) production strategies and (iii) potential industrial applications.
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The Mut+ strain of Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) expresses PAOX1 5 and 10 times faster than Muts and Mut− strains: evidence that formaldehyde or/and formate are true inducers of PAOX1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7801-7814. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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9
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Nieto-Taype MA, Garcia-Ortega X, Albiol J, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Valero F. Continuous Cultivation as a Tool Toward the Rational Bioprocess Development With Pichia Pastoris Cell Factory. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:632. [PMID: 32671036 PMCID: PMC7330098 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is currently considered one of the most promising hosts for recombinant protein production (RPP) and metabolites due to the availability of several tools to efficiently regulate the recombinant expression, its ability to perform eukaryotic post-translational modifications and to secrete the product in the extracellular media. The challenge of improving the bioprocess efficiency can be faced from two main approaches: the strain engineering, which includes enhancements in the recombinant expression regulation as well as overcoming potential cell capacity bottlenecks; and the bioprocess engineering, focused on the development of rational-based efficient operational strategies. Understanding the effect of strain and operational improvements in bioprocess efficiency requires to attain a robust knowledge about the metabolic and physiological changes triggered into the cells. For this purpose, a number of studies have revealed chemostat cultures to provide a robust tool for accurate, reliable, and reproducible bioprocess characterization. It should involve the determination of key specific rates, productivities, and yields for different C and N sources, as well as optimizing media formulation and operating conditions. Furthermore, studies along the different levels of systems biology are usually performed also in chemostat cultures. Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic flux analysis, using different techniques like differential target gene expression, protein description and 13C-based metabolic flux analysis, are widely described as valued examples in the literature. In this scenario, the main advantage of a continuous operation relies on the quality of the homogeneous samples obtained under steady-state conditions, where both the metabolic and physiological status of the cells remain unaltered in an all-encompassing picture of the cell environment. This contribution aims to provide the state of the art of the different approaches that allow the design of rational strain and bioprocess engineering improvements in Pichia pastoris toward optimizing bioprocesses based on the results obtained in chemostat cultures. Interestingly, continuous cultivation is also currently emerging as an alternative operational mode in industrial biotechnology for implementing continuous process operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Nieto-Taype
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Luis Montesinos-Seguí
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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10
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Diaz Arias CA, Molino JVD, de Araújo Viana Marques D, Queiroz Maranhão A, Abdalla Saes Parra D, Pessoa Junior A, Converti A. Influence of carbon source on cell size and production of anti LDL (-) single-chain variable fragment by a recombinant Pichia pastoris strain. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3257-3264. [PMID: 31073913 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of the carbon source (glycerol, sucrose, glucose or a sucrose/glucose mixture) on the production of the anti LDL (-) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) by the recombinant Pichia pastoris SMD 1168 strain as well as on the cell size. The use of glucose as a carbon source in the growth phase led to a remarkable increase in cell size compared with glycerol, while the smallest cells were obtained with sucrose likely due to the occurrence of an energetic stress. The scFv concentration seemed to be related to cell number rather than to cell concentration, which in its turn showed no significant dependence on the carbon source. Yeast cells grown on sucrose had a mean diameter (0.736 ± 0.097 μm) about 35% shorter than those grown on glucose and allowed for the highest final concentration of the scFv antibody fragment (93.7 ± 0.2 mg/L). These results demonstrate that sucrose is the best carbon source for the expression of such an antibody fragment by the recombinant P. pastoris strain, which may be very useful for the diagnostic analysis of the so-called "bad cholesterol".
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Andres Diaz Arias
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Dutra Molino
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Queiroz Maranhão
- Department of Cell Biology, Brasilia University, Campus Universitario Darcy RibeiroBloco K, 2 pavimento, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Dulcineia Abdalla Saes Parra
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 18, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Pessoa Junior
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145, Genoa, Italy.
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Abstract
Pichia pastoris is one of the most important host organisms for the recombinant production of proteins in industrial biotechnology. A prominent promoter system for recombinant protein production in P. pastoris is the promoter of alcohol oxidase (PAOX1) which is induced by methanol, but repressed by several other carbon sources, like glucose and glycerol. Thus, typical cultivation strategies for such P. pastoris strains describe two different phases: growth on a carbon source, like glycerol, to get a high biomass concentration, followed by the induction of recombinant protein production by methanol. However, cells barely grow on methanol resulting in only moderate productivity in such bioprocesses. To enhance productivity, it is common to employ mixed substrate feeding strategies. The knowledge of certain strain-specific parameters is required to be able to set up such mixed feed fed-batch cultivations to avoid methanol accumulation and guarantee highest productivity. Here, we present an efficient strategy comprising only one experiment to determine the settings of such a mixed feed system based on the physiology of the respective yeast strain.
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12
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Patel G, Biswas K, Patil MD, Chisti Y, Banerjee UC. Bioreactor studies of production of mycophenolic acid by Penicillium brevicompactum. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Pimentel N, Rodríguez-Lopez A, Díaz S, Losada JC, Díaz-Rincón DJ, Cardona C, Espejo-Mojica ÁJ, Ramírez AM, Ruiz F, Landázuri P, Poutou-Piñales RA, Cordoba-Ruiz HA, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Barrera-Avellaneda LA. Production and characterization of a human lysosomal recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase produced in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:655-664. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pimentel
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Alexander Rodríguez-Lopez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
- Chemical Department; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Sergio Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Juan C. Losada
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Dennis J. Díaz-Rincón
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Carolina Cardona
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Ángela J. Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Aura M. Ramírez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Fredy Ruiz
- Control; Power Electronics and Management of Technological Innovation (CEPIT); Electronic Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Patricia Landázuri
- Research Group on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (GECAVYME); Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Quindío; Armenia-Quindío Colombia
| | - Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI); Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Henry A. Cordoba-Ruiz
- Chemical Department; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Carlos J. Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Luis A. Barrera-Avellaneda
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
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14
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Engineering strategies for enhanced production of protein and bio-products in Pichia pastoris: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:182-195. [PMID: 29129652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris has been recognized as one of the most industrially important hosts for heterologous protein production. Despite its high protein productivity, the optimization of P. pastoris cultivation is still imperative due to strain- and product-specific challenges such as promoter strength, methanol utilization type and oxygen demand. To address the issues, strategies involving genetic and process engineering have been employed. Optimization of codon usage and gene dosage, as well as engineering of promoters, protein secretion pathways and methanol metabolic pathways have proved beneficial to innate protein expression levels. Large-scale production of proteins via high cell density fermentation additionally relies on the optimization of process parameters including methanol feed rate, induction temperature and specific growth rate. Recent progress related to the enhanced production of proteins in P. pastoris via various genetic engineering and cultivation strategies are reviewed. Insight into the regulation of the P. pastoris alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1) promoter and the development of methanol-free systems are highlighted. Novel cultivation strategies such as mixed substrate feeding are discussed. Recent advances regarding substrate and product monitoring techniques are also summarized. Application of P. pastoris to the production of biodiesel and other value-added products via metabolic engineering are also reviewed. P. pastoris is becoming an indispensable platform through the use of these combined engineering strategies.
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15
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Rivera I, Robles M, Mateos-Díaz JC, Gutierrez-Ortega A, Sandoval G. Functional expression, extracellular production, purification, structure modeling and biochemical characterization of Carica papaya lipase 1. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Berrios J, Flores MO, Díaz-Barrera A, Altamirano C, Martínez I, Cabrera Z. A comparative study of glycerol and sorbitol as co-substrates in methanol-induced cultures of Pichia pastoris: temperature effect and scale-up simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:407-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins by Pichia pastoris under AOX1 promoter is usually performed using methanol together with either glycerol or sorbitol as co-substrate. Although both co-substrates have been widely used, comparative studies are scarce. In addition, these comparisons have been performed at different specific growth rate (µ) that it is well known that has an important effect on productivity. Thus, the effect of using these co-substrates on the production of Rhyzopus oryzae lipase (ROL) by P. pastoris was compared in continuous cultures growing at the same µ at either 22 or 30 °C. Results show that using glycerol as co-substrate led to higher volumetric productivities, and lower specific and volumetric methanol consumption rates. Scale-up simulation with 10–10,000 L bioreactor sizes indicated that glycerol produced the highest volumetric productivity of ROL with lower aeration requirements. Therefore, glycerol rises as a better option than sorbitol in ROL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Berrios
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - María-Olga Flores
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Alvaro Díaz-Barrera
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Irene Martínez
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Zaida Cabrera
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
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Ponte X, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Valero F. Bioprocess efficiency in Rhizopus oryzae lipase production by Pichia pastoris under the control of PAOX1 is oxygen tension dependent. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lipases from the genus Rhizopus : Characteristics, expression, protein engineering and application. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 64:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Barrigon JM, Valero F, Montesinos JL. A macrokinetic model-based comparative meta-analysis of recombinant protein production byPichia pastorisunderAOX1promoter. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1132-45. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Barrigon
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - José Luis Montesinos
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
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Cedillo VB, Martínez MJ, Arnau C, Valero F. Production of a sterol esterase from Ophiostoma piceae in batch and fed-batch bioprocesses using different Pichia pastoris phenotypes as cell factory. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1012-20. [PMID: 24930588 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential biotechnological applications for the Ophiostoma piceae sterol esterase (OPE) are conditioned to the availability of high enzyme amounts at low prices. This enzyme is a versatile biocatalyst with different biotechnological applications. In this work a systematic study on its heterologous production in different Pichia pastoris strains and operational strategies is presented. The best results were obtained using an AOX1 defective yeast strain in a fed-batch bioprocess using methanol as inducer substrate at a set point of 2.5 g L(-1) and sorbitol as cosubstrate by means of a preprogramed exponential feeding rate at a μ = 0.02 h(-1) , reaching 30 U mL(-1) of enzyme and a volumetric productivity of 403.5 U L(-1) h(-1) . These values are twofold higher than those obtained with a Mut(+) phenotype using methanol a sole carbon source. OPE was the main protein secreted by the yeast, 55% for Mut(s) versus 25% for Mut(+.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Barba Cedillo
- Environmental Biology Dept., Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Isolation and characterization of the plasma membrane from the yeast Pichia pastoris. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1889-97. [PMID: 24680652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite similarities of cellular membranes in all eukaryotes, every compartment displays characteristic and often unique features which are important for the functions of the specific organelles. In the present study, we biochemically characterized the plasma membrane of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris with emphasis on the lipids which form the matrix of this compartment. Prerequisite for this effort was the design of a standardized and reliable isolation protocol of the plasma membrane at high purity. Analysis of isolated plasma membrane samples from P. pastoris revealed an increase of phosphatidylserine and a decrease of phosphatidylcholine compared to bulk membranes. The amount of saturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane was higher than in total cell extracts. Ergosterol, the final product of the yeast sterol biosynthetic pathway, was found to be enriched in plasma membrane fractions, although markedly lower than in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A further characteristic feature of the plasma membrane from P. pastoris was the enrichment of inositol phosphorylceramides over neutral sphingolipids, which accumulated in internal membranes. The detailed analysis of the P. pastoris plasma membrane is discussed in the light of cell biological features of this microorganism especially as a microbial cell factory for heterologous protein production.
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Hemmerich J, Adelantado N, Barrigón JM, Ponte X, Hörmann A, Ferrer P, Kensy F, Valero F. Comprehensive clone screening and evaluation of fed-batch strategies in a microbioreactor and lab scale stirred tank bioreactor system: application on Pichia pastoris producing Rhizopus oryzae lipase. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:36. [PMID: 24606982 PMCID: PMC4007594 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Pichia pastoris bioprocess engineering, classic approaches for clone selection and bioprocess optimization at small/micro scale using the promoter of the alcohol oxidase 1 gene (PAOX1), induced by methanol, present low reproducibility leading to high time and resource consumption. Results An automated microfermentation platform (RoboLector) was successfully tested to overcome the chronic problems of clone selection and optimization of fed-batch strategies. Different clones from Mut+P. pastoris phenotype strains expressing heterologous Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL), including a subset also overexpressing the transcription factor HAC1, were tested to select the most promising clones. The RoboLector showed high performance for the selection and optimization of cultivation media with minimal cost and time. Syn6 medium was better than conventional YNB medium in terms of production of heterologous protein. The RoboLector microbioreactor was also tested for different fed-batch strategies with three clones producing different lipase levels. Two mixed substrates fed-batch strategies were evaluated. The first strategy was the enzymatic release of glucose from a soluble glucose polymer by a glucosidase, and methanol addition every 24 hours. The second strategy used glycerol as co-substrate jointly with methanol at two different feeding rates. The implementation of these simple fed-batch strategies increased the levels of lipolytic activity 80-fold compared to classical batch strategies used in clone selection. Thus, these strategies minimize the risk of errors in the clone selection and increase the detection level of the desired product. Finally, the performance of two fed-batch strategies was compared for lipase production between the RoboLector microbioreactor and 5 liter stirred tank bioreactor for three selected clones. In both scales, the same clone ranking was achieved. Conclusion The RoboLector showed excellent performance in clone selection of P. pastoris Mut+ phenotype. The use of fed-batch strategies using mixed substrate feeds resulted in increased biomass and lipolytic activity. The automated processing of fed-batch strategies by the RoboLector considerably facilitates the operation of fermentation processes, while reducing error-prone clone selection by increasing product titers. The scale-up from microbioreactor to lab scale stirred tank bioreactor showed an excellent correlation, validating the use of microbioreactor as a powerful tool for evaluating fed-batch operational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Frank Kensy
- m2p-labs GmbH, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Ring 2, Baesweiler 52499, Germany.
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Abstract
Overexpression of a foreign protein may negatively affect several cell growth parameters, as well as cause cellular stress. Central (or core) metabolism plays a crucial role since it supplies energy, reduction equivalents, and precursor molecules for the recombinant product, cell's maintenance, and growth needs. However, the number of quantitative physiology studies of the impact of recombinant protein production on the central metabolic pathways of yeast cell factories has been traditionally rather limited, thereby hampering the application of rational strain engineering strategies targeting central metabolism.The development and application of quantitative physiology and modelling tools and methodologies is allowing for a systems-level understanding of the effect of bioprocess parameters such as growth rate, temperature, oxygen availability, and substrate(s) choice on metabolism, and its subsequent interactions with recombinant protein synthesis, folding, and secretion.Here, we review the recent developments and applications of (13)C-based metabolic flux analysis ((13)C-MFA) of Pichia pastoris and the gained understanding of the metabolic behavior of this yeast in recombinant protein production bioprocesses. We also discuss the potential of multilevel studies integrating (13)C-MFA with other omics analyses, as well as future perspectives on the metabolic modelling approaches to study and design metabolic engineering strategies for improved protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Ferrer
- Escola d'Enginyeria, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain,
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Tunable recombinant protein expression with E. coli in a mixed-feed environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2937-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Spadiut O, Herwig C. Production and purification of the multifunctional enzyme horseradish peroxidase. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOPROCESSING 2013; 1:283-295. [PMID: 24683473 PMCID: PMC3968938 DOI: 10.4155/pbp.13.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The oxidoreductase horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is used in numerous industrial and medical applications. In this review, we briefly describe this well-studied enzyme and focus on its promising use in targeted cancer treatment. In combination with a plant hormone, HRP can be used in specific enzyme-prodrug therapies. Despite this outstanding application, HRP has not found its way as a biopharmaceutical into targeted cancer therapy yet. The reasons therefore lie in the present low-yield production and cumbersome purification of this enzyme from its natural source. However, surface glycosylation renders the recombinant production of HRP difficult. Here, we compare different production hosts for HRP and summarize currently used production and purification strategies for this enzyme. We further present our own strategy of glycoengineering this powerful enzyme to allow recombinant high-yield production in Pichia pastoris and subsequent simple downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Spadiut
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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Sagmeister P, Wechselberger P, Jazini M, Meitz A, Langemann T, Herwig C. Soft sensor assisted dynamic bioprocess control: Efficient tools for bioprocess development. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Barrigón JM, Montesinos JL, Valero F. Searching the best operational strategies for Rhizopus oryzae lipase production in Pichia pastoris Mut+ phenotype: Methanol limited or methanol non-limited fed-batch cultures? Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Korneli C, Biedendieck R, David F, Jahn D, Wittmann C. High yield production of extracellular recombinant levansucrase by Bacillus megaterium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012. [PMID: 23179620 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a high yield production bioprocess with recombinant Bacillus megaterium for the production of the extracellular enzyme levansucrase (SacB) was developed. For basic optimization of culture parameters and nutrients, a recombinant B. megaterium reporter strain that produced green fluorescent protein under control of a vector-based xylose-inducible promoter was used. It enabled efficient microtiter plate-based screening via fluorescence analysis. A pH value of pH 6, 20 % of dissolved oxygen, 37 °C, and elevated levels of biotin (100 μg L(-1)) were found optimal with regard to high protein yield and reduced overflow metabolism. Among the different compounds tested, fructose and glycerol were identified as the preferred source of carbon. Subsequently, the settings were transferred to a B. megaterium strain recombinantly producing levansucrase SacB based on the plasmid-located xylose-inducible expression system. In shake flask culture under the optimized conditions, the novel strain already secreted the target enzyme in high amounts (14 U mL(-1) on fructose and 17.2 U mL(-1) on glycerol). This was further increased in high cell density fed-batch processes up to 55 U mL(-1), reflecting a levansucrase concentration of 0.52 g L(-1). This is 100-fold more than previous efforts for this enzyme in B. megaterium and more than 10-fold higher than reported values of other extracellular protein produced in this microorganism so far. The recombinant strain could also handle raw glycerol from biodiesel industry which provided the same amount and quality of the recombinant protein and suggests future implementation into existing biorefinery concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Korneli
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Zalai D, Dietzsch C, Herwig C, Spadiut O. A dynamic fed batch strategy for a Pichia pastoris mixed feed system to increase process understanding. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:878-86. [PMID: 22505140 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mixed substrate feeding strategies are frequently investigated to enhance the productivity of recombinant Pichia pastoris processes. For this purpose, numerous fed batch experiments or time-consuming continuous cultivations are required to optimize control parameters such as the substrate mixing ratio and the applied methanol concentration. In this study, we decoupled the feeding of methanol and glycerol in a mixed substrate fed batch environment to gain process understanding for a recombinant P. pastoris Muts strain producing the model enzyme horseradish peroxidase. Specific substrate uptake rates (qs) were controlled separately, and a stepwise increased qGly-control scheme was applied to investigate the effect of various substrate fluxes on the culture. The qs-controlled strategy allowed a parallel characterization of the metabolism and the recombinant protein expression in a fed batch environment. A critical-specific glycerol uptake rate was determined, where a decline of the specific productivity occurred, and a time-dependent acceleration of protein expression was characterized with the dynamic fed batch approach. Based on the observations on recombinant protein expression, propositions for an optimal feeding design to target maximal productivities were stated. Thus, the dynamic fed batch strategy was found to be a valuable tool for both process understanding and optimization of product formation for P. pastoris in a mixed substrate environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Zalai
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
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31
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Krainer FW, Dietzsch C, Hajek T, Herwig C, Spadiut O, Glieder A. Recombinant protein expression in Pichia pastoris strains with an engineered methanol utilization pathway. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:22. [PMID: 22330134 PMCID: PMC3295664 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED ΒACKGROUND: The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has become an important host organism for recombinant protein production and is able to use methanol as a sole carbon source. The methanol utilization pathway describes all the catalytic reactions, which happen during methanol metabolism. Despite the importance of certain key enzymes in this pathway, so far very little is known about possible effects of overexpressing either of these key enzymes on the overall energetic behavior, the productivity and the substrate uptake rate in P. pastoris strains. RESULTS A fast and easy-to-do approach based on batch cultivations with methanol pulses was used to characterize different P. pastoris strains. A strain with MutS phenotype was found to be superior over a strain with Mut+ phenotype in both the volumetric productivity and the efficiency in expressing recombinant horseradish peroxidase C1A. Consequently, either of the enzymes dihydroxyacetone synthase, transketolase or formaldehyde dehydrogenase, which play key roles in the methanol utilization pathway, was co-overexpressed in MutS strains harboring either of the reporter enzymes horseradish peroxidase or Candida antarctica lipase B. Although the co-overexpression of these enzymes did not change the stoichiometric yields of the recombinant MutS strains, significant changes in the specific growth rate, the specific substrate uptake rate and the specific productivity were observed. Co-overexpression of dihydroxyacetone synthase yielded a 2- to 3-fold more efficient conversion of the substrate methanol into product, but also resulted in a reduced volumetric productivity. Co-overexpression of formaldehyde dehydrogenase resulted in a 2-fold more efficient conversion of the substrate into product and at least similar volumetric productivities compared to strains without an engineered methanol utilization pathway, and thus turned out to be a valuable strategy to improve recombinant protein production. CONCLUSIONS Co-overexpressing enzymes of the methanol utilization pathway significantly affected the specific growth rate, the methanol uptake and the specific productivity of recombinant P. pastoris MutS strains. A recently developed methodology to determine strain specific parameters based on dynamic batch cultivations proved to be a valuable tool for fast strain characterization and thus early process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian W Krainer
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Dietzsch
- Oliver Spadiut, Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja Hajek
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Oliver Spadiut, Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Oliver Spadiut, Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Graz, Austria
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