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Lisov AV, Belova OV, Belov AA, Lisova ZA, Nagel AS, Shadrin AM, Andreeva-Kovalevskaya ZI, Nagornykh MO, Zakharova MV, Leontievsky AA. Expression in Pichia pastoris of Thermostable Endo-1,4-β-xylanase from the Actinobacterium Nocardiopsis halotolerans: Properties and Use for Saccharification of Xylan-Containing Products. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9121. [PMID: 39201806 PMCID: PMC11355003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A gene encoding a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme was cloned from the genome of the bacterium Nocardiopsis halotolerans. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the protein showed the presence of the catalytic domain of the endo-1,4-β-xylanases of the GH11 family. The gene was amplified by PCR and ligated into the pPic9m vector. A recombinant producer based on Pichia pastoria was obtained. The production of the enzyme, which we called NhX1, was carried out in a 10 L fermenter. Enzyme production was 10.4 g/L with an activity of 927 U/mL. Purification of NhX1 was carried out using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of xylan but not other polysaccharides. Endo-1,4-β-xylanase NhX1 showed maximum activity and stability at pH 6.0-7.0. The enzyme showed high thermal stability, remaining active at 90 °C for 20 min. With beechwood xylan, the enzyme showed Km 2.16 mg/mL and Vmax 96.3 U/mg. The products of xylan hydrolysis under the action of NhX1 were xylobiose, xylotriose, xylopentaose, and xylohexaose. Endo-1,4-β-xylanase NhX1 effectively saccharified xylan-containing products used for the production of animal feed. The xylanase described herein is a thermostable enzyme with biotechnological potential produced in large quantities by P. pastoria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Lisov
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Oksana V. Belova
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Belov
- Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zoya A. Lisova
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Nagel
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Andrey M. Shadrin
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Zhanna I. Andreeva-Kovalevskaya
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Maxim O. Nagornykh
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Marina V. Zakharova
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Leontievsky
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Fusion of Oligopeptide to the C Terminus of α-Glucuronidase from Thermotoga maritima Improves the Catalytic Efficiency for Hemicellulose Biotransformation. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 65:741-751. [PMID: 36175749 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Fusion protein combined the oligopeptide (HQAFFHA) with the C terminus of α-glucuronidase from Thermotoga maritima was produced in E. coli and purified for characterization and applications of glucuronic and glucaric acid production. The fusion protein with oligopeptide exhibited a 2.97-fold higher specific activity than individual protein. Their catalytic efficiency kcat/Km and kcat increased from 469.3 ± 2.6 s-1 (g mL-1)-1 and 62.4 ± 0.9 s-1 to 2209.5 ± 26.3 s-1 (g mL-1)-1 and 293.9 ± 4.9 s-1, respectively. Fusion protein had similar temperature and pH profiles to those without oligopeptide, but the thermal stability decreases and the pH stability shifts to alkaline. Using beech xylan hydrolysate as a substrate, the glucuronic acid yield of fusion enzyme increased by 9.94% compared with its parent at 65 °C pH 8.5 for 10 h, and can hydrolyze corn cob xylan with xylanase to obtain glucuronic acid, and can be combined with uronate dehydrogenase to obtain high-added value glucaric acid. Homologous modeling analysis revealed the factors contributing to the high catalytic efficiency of fusion enzyme. These results show that the peptide fusion strategy described here may be useful for improving the catalytic efficiency and stability of other industrial enzymes, and has great potential for producing high value-added products from agricultural waste.
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Cruz-Davila J, Perez JV, Castillo DSD, Diez N. Fusarium graminearum as a producer of xylanases with low cellulases when grown on wheat bran. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 35:e00738. [PMID: 35619590 PMCID: PMC9127173 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi of cacao had important xylanase activity when grown on wheat bran. F. graminearum strain Ec220 produced xylanases with low cellulolytic activity. Xylanase production was optimized using response surface methodology. Proteomic analysis revealed similarities with previously reported xylanases.
The xylanolytic potential of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Theobroma cacao was explored for the first time. Four fungal strains showed significant amounts of xylanase activity and low cellulase levels when grown on wheat bran as the sole carbon source. Strain Ec220 of Fusarium graminearum had the highest xylanase production (1.79 U/ml), whereas its cellulase activity was minimal (0.24 U/ml). Optimal conditions for xylanase production were: 154 h of incubation time, pH 5.79 and 29.8 °C. Furthermore, two protein spots detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed molecular weights (26.05 and 27.70 kDa) and isoelectric points (6.18 and 9.20) corresponding to previously reported F. graminearum xylanases, Xyl A and Xyl B, respectively. Therefore, endophytic fungi of T. cacao can be an important source of xylanolytic activities when cultured on wheat bran, and xylanases with low cellulases found in strain Ec220 require further characterization as they show promise for possible industrial applications.
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Duong HL, Paufler S, Harms H, Schlosser D, Maskow T. Fungal Lignocellulose Utilisation Strategies from a Bioenergetic Perspective: Quantification of Related Functional Traits Using Biocalorimetry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1675. [PMID: 36014092 PMCID: PMC9415514 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether a non-invasive metabolic heat flux analysis could serve the determination of the functional traits in free-living saprotrophic decomposer fungi and aid the prediction of fungal influences on ecosystem processes. For this, seven fungi, including ascomycete, basidiomycete, and zygomycete species, were investigated in a standardised laboratory environment, employing wheat straw as a globally relevant lignocellulosic substrate. Our study demonstrates that biocalorimetry can be employed successfully to determine growth-related fungal activity parameters, such as apparent maximum growth rates (AMGR), cultivation times until the observable onset of fungal growth at AMGR (tAMGR), quotients formed from the AMGR and tAMGR (herein referred to as competitive growth potential, CGP), and heat yield coefficients (YQ/X), the latter indicating the degree of resource investment into fungal biomass versus other functional attributes. These parameters seem suitable to link fungal potentials for biomass production to corresponding ecological strategies employed during resource utilisation, and therefore may be considered as fungal life history traits. A close connection exists between the CGP and YQ/X values, which suggests an interpretation that relates to fungal life history strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Linh Duong
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering, Vietnamese-German University (VGU), Le Lai Street, Hoa Phu Ward, Thủ Dầu Một 7500, Binh Duong, Vietnam
| | - Sven Paufler
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schlosser
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Maskow
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Ariaeenejad S, Kavousi K, Maleki M, Motamedi E, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Application of free and immobilized novel bifunctional biocatalyst in biotransformation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131412. [PMID: 34329139 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an innovative, green, and practical biocatalyst was developed using conjugation of a novel bifunctional mannanase/xylanase biocatalyst (PersiManXyn1) to the modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Firstly, PersiManXyn1 was multi-stage in-silico screened from rumen macrobiota, and then cloned, expressed, and purified. Next, CNCs were synthesized from sugar beet pulp using enzymatic and acid hydrolysis processes, and then Fe3O4 NPs were anchored on their surface to produce magnetic CNCs (MCNCs). This hybrid was modified by dopamine providing DA/MCNCs nano-carrier. The bifunctional PersiManXyn1 demonstrated the superior hydrolysis activity on corn cob compared with the monofunctional xylanase enzyme (PersiXyn2). Moreover, the immobilization of PersiManXyn1 on the nano-carrier resulted in an improvement of the thermal stability, kinetic parameters (Kcat), and storage stability of the enzyme. Incorporation of the Fe3O4 NPs on the CNCs made magnetic nano-carrier with high magnetization value (25.8 emu/g) which exhibited rapid response toward the external magnetic fields. Hence, the immobilized biocatalyst could be easily separated from the products by a magnet, and reused up to 8 cycles with maintaining more than 50% of its original activity. The immobilized PersiManXyn1 generated 22.2%, 38.7%, and 35.1% more reducing sugars after 168 h hydrolysis of the sugar beet pulp, coffee waste, and rice straw, respectively, compared to the free enzyme. Based on the results, immobilization of the bifunctional PersiManXyn1 exhibited the superb performance of the enzyme to improve the conversion of the lignocellulosic wastes into high value products and develop the cost-competition biomass operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Maleki
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Elaheh Motamedi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | | | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Sun Y, Zhou X, Zhang W, Tian X, Ping W, Ge J. Enhanced β-mannanase production by Bacillus licheniformis by optimizing carbon source and feeding regimes. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:845-853. [PMID: 34826265 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.2001753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis HDYM-04 was isolated in flax retting water and showed β-mannanase activity. Carbon sources for β-mannanase production, as well as the fermentation conditions and feeding strategy, were optimized in shake flasks. When glucose or konjac powder was used as the carbon source, the β-mannanase activity was 288.13 ± 21.59 U/mL and 696.35 ± 23.47 U/mL at 24 h, respectively, which was approximately 4.4- to 10.68-fold higher than the values obtained with wheat powder. When 0.5% (w/v) glucose and 1% (w/v) konjac powder were added together, maximum enzyme activities of 789.07 ± 25.82 U/mL were obtained, an increase of 13.35% compared to the unoptimized cultures with only 1% (w/v) konjac powder. The enzyme activity decreased in the presence of 1% (w/v) konjac powder, but the highest enzyme activity was 1,533.26 ± 33.74 U/mL, a 1.2-fold increase compared with that in nonoptimized cultures; when 0.5% (w/v) glucose was used, the highest enzyme activity was 966.53 ± 27.84 U/mL, an increase in β-mannanase activity of 38.79% compared with control cultures. In this study, by optimizing fed-batch fermentation conditions, the yield of β-mannanase produced by HDYM-04 was increased, laying the foundation for the industrial application and further research of B. licheniformis HDYM-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangcun Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, MuDanJiang City, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
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Zhang H, Wu J. Statistical optimization of aqueous ammonia pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn cob powder for enhancing sugars production. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Bangoria P, Divecha J, Shah AR. Production of mannooligosaccharides producing β-Mannanase by newly isolated Penicillium aculeatum APS1 using oil seed residues under solid state fermentation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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9
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Liu W, Ma C, Liu W, Zheng Y, Chen CC, Liang A, Luo X, Li Z, Ma W, Song Y, Guo RT, Zhang T. Functional and structural investigation of a novel β-mannanase BaMan113A from Bacillus sp. N16-5. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:899-909. [PMID: 33865894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mannan is an important renewable resource whose backbone can be hydrolyzed by β-mannanases to generate manno-oligosaccharides of various sizes. Only a few glycoside hydrolase (GH) 113 family β-mannanases have been functionally and structurally characterize. Here, we report the function and structure of a novel GH113 β-mannanase from Bacillus sp. N16-5 (BaMan113A). BaMan113A exhibits a substrate preference toward manno-oligosaccharides and releases mannose and mannobiose as main hydrolytic products. The crystal structure of BaMan113A suggest that the enzyme shows a semi-enclosed substrate-binding cleft and the amino acids surrounding the +2 subsite form a steric barrier to terminate the substrate-binding tunnel. Based on these structural features, we conducted mutagenesis to engineer BaMan113A to remove the steric hindrance of the substrate-binding tunnel. We found that F101E and N236Y variants exhibit increased specific activity toward mannans comparing to the wild-type enzyme. Meanwhile, the product profiles of these two variants toward polysaccharides changed from mannose to a series of manno-oligosaccharides. The crystal structure of variant N236Y was also determined to illustrate the molecular basis underlying the mutation. In conclusion, we report the functional and structural features of a novel GH113 β-mannanase, and successfully improved its endo-acting activity by using structure-based engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Cuiping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ailing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yajian Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Biochemical characterization and enhanced production of endoxylanase from thermophilic mould Myceliophthora thermophila. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1539-1555. [PMID: 33765291 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Endoxylanase production from M. thermophila BJTLRMDU3 using rice straw was enhanced to 2.53-fold after optimization in solid state fermentation (SSF). Endoxylanase was purified to homogeneity employing ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by gel filtration chromatography and had a molecular mass of ~ 25 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE. Optimal endoxylanase activity was recorded at pH 5.0 and 60 °C. Purified enzyme showed complete tolerance to n-hexane, but activity was slightly inhibited by other organic solvents. Among surfactants, Tweens (20, 60, and 80) and Triton X 100 slightly enhanced the enzyme activity. The Vmax and Km values for purified endoxylanase were 6.29 µmol/min/mg protein and 5.4 mg/ml, respectively. Endoxylanase released 79.08 and 42.95% higher reducing sugars and soluble proteins, respectively, which control after 48 h at 60 °C from poultry feed. Synergistic effect of endoxylanase (100 U/g) and phytase (15 U/g) on poultry feed released higher amount of reducing sugars (58.58 mg/feed), soluble proteins (42.48 mg/g feed), and inorganic phosphate (28.34 mg/feed) in contrast to control having 23.55, 16.98, and 10.46 mg/feed of reducing sugars, soluble proteins, and inorganic phosphate, respectively, at 60 °C supplemented with endoxylanase only.
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Xu H, Wang L, Sun J, Wang L, Guo H, Ye Y, Sun X. Microbial detoxification of mycotoxins in food and feed. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4951-4969. [PMID: 33663294 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi growing in food or feed, which can produce toxic effects and seriously threaten the health of humans and animals. Mycotoxins are commonly found in food and feed, and are of significant concern due to their hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and ability to damage the immune and reproductive systems. Traditional physical and chemical detoxification methods to treat mycotoxins in food and feed products have limitations, such as loss of nutrients, reagent residues, and secondary pollution to the environment. Thus, there is an urgent need for new detoxification methods to effectively control mycotoxins and treat mycotoxin pollution. In recent years, microbial detoxification technology has been widely used for the degradation of mycotoxins in food and feed because this approach offers the potential for treatment with high efficiency, low toxicity, and strong specificity, without damage to nutrients. This article reviews the application of microbial detoxification technology for removal of common mycotoxins such as Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin, Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol, and Fumonisins, and discusses the development trend of this important technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Liangzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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12
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Kee PE, Cheah LS, Wan PK, Show PL, Lan JCW, Chow YH, Ng HS. Primary capture of Bacillus subtilis xylanase from crude feedstock using alcohol/salt liquid biphasic flotation. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Dawood A, Ma K. Applications of Microbial β-Mannanases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598630. [PMID: 33384989 PMCID: PMC7770148 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannans are main components of hemicellulosic fraction of softwoods and they are present widely in plant tissues. β-mannanases are the major mannan-degrading enzymes and are produced by different plants, animals, actinomycetes, fungi, and bacteria. These enzymes can function under conditions of wide range of pH and temperature. Applications of β-mannanases have therefore, been found in different industries such as animal feed, food, biorefinery, textile, detergent, and paper and pulp. This review summarizes the most recent studies reported on potential applications of β-mannanases and bioengineering of β-mannanases to modify and optimize their key catalytic properties to cater to growing demands of commercial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa Dawood
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kesen Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Monica P, Kapoor M. Alkali-stable GH11 endo-β-1,4 xylanase (XynB) from Bacillus subtilis strain CAM 21: application in hydrolysis of agro-industrial wastes, fruit/vegetable peels and weeds. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:475-487. [PMID: 33043796 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1830416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
GH11 endo-xylanases, due to their inherent structural and biochemical properties, are the key to efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. A GH11 endo-xylanase (XynB) from Bacillus subtilis strain CAM 21 was cloned, over-expressed and purified (Mw∼24 kDa) using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. XynB showed optimum activity at pH 7.0 and 50°C and was stable (>88%) in a broad range of pH (4-11). The apparent Km, Kcat and Kcat/Km of XynB were 2.9 mg/ml, 1961.2/sec, and 675.62 ml/mg/sec, respectively using birchwood xylan as substrate. XynB was a classical endo-xylanase as it hydrolyzed birchwood xylan to xylo-oligosaccharides and not xylose. Kinetic stability of XynB at 45-53°C was between 43-182 min. Secondary structure analysis of XynB using far-UV CD spectroscopy revealed presence of 51.85% β strands and 2.64% α helix and was consistent with the homology modeling studies. XynB hydrolyzed the xylan extracted from agro-industrial wastes and fruit/vegetable peels by releasing up to 670 mg/g of reducing sugars. The xylan extracted from weeds (Ageratum conyzoides, Achyranthes aspera and Tridax procumbens) had characteristic signatures of hemicelluloses and after XynB hydrolysis showed cracks, peeling and release of up to 135.2 mg/g reducing sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Monica
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mukesh Kapoor
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, India
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Xiong K, Zhi HW, Liu JY, Wang XY, Zhao ZY, Pei PG, Deng L, Xiong SY. Detoxification of Ochratoxin A by a novel Aspergillus oryzae strain and optimization of its biodegradation. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 53:48-58. [PMID: 32693928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycotoxin Ochratoxin A (OTA) causes serious health risks and is found in food products throughout the world. The most promising method to detoxify this compound is biodegradation. In this study, Aspergillus oryzae strain M30011 was isolated and characterized based on its considerable capacity to degrade OTA. The degradation product (compound I) of A. oryzae-treated OTA was isolated, and its toxicity response was also evaluated. Furthermore, the relationships between three key cultivation condition factors affecting the OTA degradation rate were examined using the response surface methodology (RSM). Compound I was identified as ochratoxin α (C11H9O5Cl), and the toxicity response experiments indicated that A. oryzae detoxified OTA to a great extent. A maximum degradation rate of 94% was observed after 72h. This study demonstrates the potential for using A. oryzae to detoxify OTA and suggests that it could be applied in the food industry to improve food safety and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiong
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Hui-Wei Zhi
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jia-Yun Liu
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wang
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhi-Yao Zhao
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peng-Gang Pei
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Su-Yue Xiong
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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16
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Marques GL, Aguiar-Oliveira E. Yellow mombin and jackfruit seeds residues applied in the production of reducing sugars by a crude multi-enzymatic extract produced by Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 101110. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3428-3434. [PMID: 32166762 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an alternative to the use of widely investigated agro-industrial residues, the present study aimed to promote the valorization of two selected residues, yellow mombin seed (YS) and jackfruit seed (JS), as a result of their enhanced performance. RESULTS YS was applied as a solid state substrate for Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 101110 cultivation (25 °C, Aw = 0.963, 107 spores g-1 and 142 h) to produce a crude multi-enzymatic extract (CE-YS) containing activities of CMCase = 31.95 U g-1 , xylanase = 56.85 U g-1 , exoglucanase = 5.55 U g-1 and FPase = 24.60 U g-1 . CE-YS was then applied to six different residues saccharification and the best performance was obtained with jackfruit seed residue (JS), which was selected for enzymatic saccharification. The highest productivity of reducing sugars expressed as glucose (6.26 mg g-1 h-1 ) was obtained under the conditions: 40.7 g L-1 JS, 5 mmol L-1 MgCl2 , 65 °C, 120 rpm, pH 3.0 (citrate buffer 50 mmol L-1 ) and 18 h. CONCLUSION The residues, YS and JS, can be used satisfactorily for the production of bioproducts of great industrial applicability, such as crude extracts (containing cellulolytic enzymes) and RS (which can be converted, for example, into bioethanol). © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L Marques
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technologies (DCET), State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Elizama Aguiar-Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technologies (DCET), State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil
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17
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Singh S, Singh G, Khatri M, Kaur A, Arya SK. Thermo and alkali stable β-mannanase: Characterization and application for removal of food (mannans based) stain. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:536-546. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Agrawal S, Varghese LM, Mahajan R. A novel and cost-effective methodology for enhanced production of industrially valuable alkaline xylano-pectinolytic enzymes cocktail in short solid-state fermentation cycle. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2872. [PMID: 31215769 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance the production of xylano-pectinolytic enzymes concurrently and also to reduce the fermentation period. In this study, the effect of agro-residues extract-based inoculum on yield and fermentation time of xylano-pectinolytic enzymes was studied. Microbial inoculum and fermentation media were supplemented with xylan and pectin polysaccharides derived from agro-based residues. Enzymes production parameters were optimized through two-stage statistical design approach. Under optimized conditions (temperature 37°C, pH 7.2, K2 HPO4 0.22%, MgSO4 0.1%, gram flour 5.6%, substrate: moisture ratio 1:2, inoculum size 20%, agro-based crude xylan in production media 0.45%, and agro-based crude xylan-pectin in inoculum 0.13%), nearly 28,255 ± 565 and 9,202 ± 193 IU of xylanase and pectinase, respectively, were obtained per gram of substrate in a time interval of 6 days only. The yield of both xylano-pectinolytic enzymes was enhanced along with a reduction of nearly 24 h in fermentation time in comparison with control, using polysaccharides extracted from agro-residues. The activity of different types of pectinase enzymes such as exo-polymethylgalacturonase (exo-PMG), endo-PMG, exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), endo-PG, pectin lyase, pectate lyase, and pectin esterase was obtained as 1,601, 12.13, 5637, 24.86, 118.62, 124.32, and 12.56 IU/g, respectively, and was nearly twofold higher than obtained for all seven types in control samples. This is the first report mentioning the methodology for enhanced production of xylano-pectinolytic enzymes in short solid-state fermentation cycle using agro-residues extract-based inoculum and production media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Agrawal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Libin M Varghese
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Ritu Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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19
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Use of grape pomace for the production of hydrolytic enzymes by solid-state fermentation and recovery of its bioactive compounds. Food Res Int 2019; 120:441-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Dahiya S, Singh B. Enhanced endoxylanase production by Myceliophthora thermophila with applicability in saccharification of agricultural substrates. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:214. [PMID: 31114738 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of enzymes by solid-state fermentation is an interesting process and currently used worldwide as it can be carried out in solid matrix in absence of free water. In present study, Myceliophthora thermophila BJTLRMDU3 produced high titres of endoxylanase (890.55 U/g DR, dry residue) using 5 g rice straw at pH 7.0 and at 45 °C with 1:7 (w/v) solid-to-moisture ratio with inoculum rate of 12 × 106 spores/ml after 4 days in solid-state fermentation. High enzyme titre was produced after moistening the rice straw with solution containing ammonium sulphate (0.4%), K2HPO4 (1.0%), MgSO4·7H2O (0.3%), FeSO4·7H2O (0.03%) and CaCl2 (0.03%). Addition of sucrose (2% w/v) and ammonium nitrate (2% w/v) further enhanced the endoxylanase production. A high endoxylanase production was achieved at water activity (a W) of 0.95 (1639.80 U/g DR) that declined drastically below this value. Among different surfactants, Tween 20 (3% v/v) enhanced the secretion of endoxylanase (2047.91 U/g DR). Furthermore, on optimization of K2HPO4 concentration, it was found that 0.5% K2HPO4 improved (2191.28 U/g DR) endoxylanase production and overall 4.35-folds increase in production of endoxylanase was achieved after optimization of culture conditions. The enzyme has potential to liberate monomeric (xylose) as well as oligomeric (xylotiose, xylotetrose, and xylopantose) sugars from xylan. On saccharification of rice straw and corncob with endoxylanase, maximum yield of reducing sugars was 135.61 and 132.61 mg/g of substrate recorded after 48, and 36 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Dahiya
- 1Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Bijender Singh
- 1Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
- 2Department of Biotechnology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Life Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana 123031 India
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21
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Kaur A, Varghese LM, Mahajan R. Simultaneous production of industrially important alkaline xylanase-pectinase enzymes by a bacterium at low cost under solid-state fermentation conditions. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 66:574-585. [PMID: 31021011 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous production of alkaline xylanase and all seven types of pectinases by a bacterial isolate, under solid-state fermentation was checked in this study. Under optimized conditions, high concurrent production of xylanase (22,800 ± 578 IU/g substrate) and pectinase (4,832 ± 189 IU/g substrate) was achieved. The different types of pectinases produced were exo-polymethylgalacturonase (782 IU/g), endo-polymethylgalacturonase (6.42 U/g), exo-polygalacturonase (2,250 IU/g), endo-polygalacturonase (11.57 U/g), polymethylgalacturonate lyase (53.99 IU/g), polygalacturonate lyase (59.78 IU/g), and pectin esterase (5.78 IU/g). Wheat bran resulted in the highest titer of both enzymes. The maximum xylanase-pectinase yield was detected after 7 days of incubation with 2 mM MgSO4 and 1.5 g/L K2 HPO4 at wheat bran to moisture ratio 1:1.5 (w/v), media to flask volume ratio 1:25, pH 7.0, temperature 37 °C, and inoculum size 15%. Xylanase was most stable at pH 8.0, retained more than 75% activity up to 24 H, whereas pectinase was most stable at pH 9.0, having full activity even after 24 H. At 45 °C, the xylanase showed 82% residual activity after 6 H of incubation. The pectinase was 97% and 61% stable up to 3 H at 50 and 55 °C, respectively. This is the first report showing the production of xylanase-pectinases by bacterium along with high titer of seven types of pectinases, suitable for industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanjot Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | | | - Ritu Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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22
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de Almeida Antunes Ferraz JL, Oliveira Souza L, Gustavo de Araújo Fernandes A, Luiz Ferreira Oliveira M, de Oliveira JR, Franco M. Optimization of the solid-state fermentation conditions and characterization of xylanase produced by Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 10110 using yellow mombin residue (Spondias mombin L.). CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1572000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Oliveira Souza
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcelo Franco
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil
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23
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Zhao D, Wang Y, Na J, Ping W, Ge J. The response surface optimization of β-mannanase produced by Lactobacillus casei HDS-01 and its potential in juice clarification. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:202-207. [PMID: 30734626 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1566151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is an ideal mannanase source due to the bio-safety guarantee. LAB can heterogeneously express β-mannanase or be directly used as β-mannanase-producing strains. This research originally optimized the fermentation condition for β-mannanase produced by Lactobacillus casei HDS-01. The applicable potential of the crude enzyme in juice clarification was investigated. Two-factorial design screened out three factors, i.e., fermentation time (p = 0.0001), glucose (p = 0.0013), and initial pH (p = 0.0167), which significantly affected L. casei HDS-01 β-mannanase activity. Under the predicted conditions resulting from the central composite design (CCD), i.e., fermentation time 18.23 hr, glucose 12.65 g L-1, initial pH 5.18, the model reached maximal β-mannanase activity of 81.40 U mL-1. This model was validated by conducting six repeated experiments and subsequent t-test (p = 0.6308). RSM optimization obtained a 1.33-fold increase in β-mannanase activity. This increase could also be qualitatively detected by larger clearance zone on konjac powder-MRS agar through Congo Red dyeing. The yield and clarity of crude β-mannanase-treated juices from orange, apple, and pear were significantly higher than controls without enzyme treatment. This study conferred a relatively high β-mannanase-producing LAB strain with a high bio-safety level and easy and economical use in juice clarification as well as other food-level fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- a Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China.,b Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Yao Wang
- a Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China.,b Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Jin Na
- a Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China.,b Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- a Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China.,b Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
| | - Jingping Ge
- a Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China.,b Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences , Heilongjiang University , Harbin , China
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24
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Zhang B, Wendan Y, Wang F, Omedi JO, Liu R, Huang J, Zhang L, Zou Q, Huang W, Li S. Use of Kluyveromyces marxianus
prefermented wheat bran as a source of enzyme mixture to improve dough performance and bread biochemical properties. Cereal Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Binle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Yang Wendan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Feng Wang
- MagiBake International Inc.; Wuxi China
| | - Jacob Ojobi Omedi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | | | | | - Luan Zhang
- Fortune Bakery Co., Ltd; Zhangjiagang China
| | - Qibo Zou
- Fortune Bakery Co., Ltd; Zhangjiagang China
| | - Weining Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Shaolei Li
- Fujian Wheat City Food Development Co., Ltd.; Jinjiang China
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25
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Alokika, Singh D, Singh B. Utility of acidic xylanase of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 in improving the nutritional value of poultry feed. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:503. [PMID: 30498676 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cane molasses has been employed as a cost-effective medium for enhanced xylanase production in submerged fermentation. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 produced xylanase (15.16 U/ml) at pH 4.0, 35 °C and 200 rpm after 54 h using optimized basal medium by 'one variable at a time approach'. Addition of Tween 80 and PEG 4000 also enhanced xylanase production in cane molasses medium. Combined effect of yeast extract, incubation time and PEG 4000 using statistical optimization enhanced xylanase production to 38.60 U/ml, which was 2.54-fold higher than the 'one variable at a time approach'. The efficacy of xylanase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS 250 was evaluated in the improvement of poultry feed nutrition. Xylanase addition (10 IU/g feed) enhanced liberation of reducing sugars (95.540 mg/g substrate) after 48 h at 60 °C. Optimization has resulted in enhanced production of xylanase that improved the nutritional quality of poultry feed.
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26
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Jana UK, Suryawanshi RK, Prajapati BP, Soni H, Kango N. Production optimization and characterization of mannooligosaccharide generating β-mannanase from Aspergillus oryzae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:308-314. [PMID: 30092484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A multi-tolerant β-mannanase (ManAo) was produced by Aspergillus oryzae on copra meal, a low-cost agro waste. Under statistically optimized conditions, 4.3-fold increase in β-mannanase production (434 U/gds) was obtained. Purified ManAo had MW ∼34 kDa and specific activity of 335.85 U/mg with optimum activity at 60 °C and at pH 5.0. Activity of ManAo was enhanced by most metal ions and modulators while maximum enhancement was noticed with Ag+ and Triton X-100. Km and Vmax were 2.7 mg/mL and 1388.8 µmol/min/mg for locust bean gum while the enzyme showed lower affinity towards konjac gum (8.8 mg/mL, 555.5 µmol/min/mg). Evaluation of various thermodynamic parameters indicated high-efficiency of the ManAo with activation energy 12.42 KJ/mol and 23.31 KJ/mol towards LBG and konjac gum, respectively. End product analysis of β-mannanase action by fluorescence assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE) revealed the generation of sugars from DP 1-4 with some higher DP MOS from different mannans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Jana
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Suryawanshi
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Bhanu Pratap Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Hemant Soni
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India.
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27
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Souza LO, de Brito AR, Bonomo RCF, Santana NB, Almeida Antunes Ferraz JLD, Aguiar-Oliveira E, Araújo Fernandes AGD, Ferreira MLO, de Oliveira JR, Franco M. Comparison of the biochemical properties between the xylanases of Thermomyces lanuginosus (Sigma®) and excreted by Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 10110 during the solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Yang Y, Yang J, Liu J, Wang R, Liu L, Wang F, Yuan H. The composition of accessory enzymes of Penicillium chrysogenum P33 revealed by secretome and synergistic effects with commercial cellulase on lignocellulose hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 257:54-61. [PMID: 29482166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the secretome of Penicillium chrysogenum P33 under induction of lignocellulose for the first time. A total of 356 proteins were identified, including complete cellulases and numerous hemicellulases. Supplementing a commercial cellulase with increasing dosage of P33 enzyme cocktail from 1 to 5 mg/g substrate increased the release of reducing sugars from delignified corn stover by 21.4% to 106.8%. When 50% cellulase was replaced by P33 enzyme cocktail, release of reducing sugars was 78.6% higher than with cellulase alone. Meanwhile, glucan and xylan conversion was increased by 37% and 106%, respectively. P33 enzyme cocktail also enhanced commercial cellulase hydrolysis against four different delignified lignocellulosic biomass. These findings demonstrate that mixing appropriate amount of P33 cocktail with cellulase improves polysaccharide hydrolysis, suggesting P33 enzymes have great potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Marín M, Artola A, Sánchez A. Production of proteases from organic wastes by solid-state fermentation: downstream and zero waste strategies. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:205. [PMID: 29607286 PMCID: PMC5876165 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of enzymes through solid-state fermentation (SSF) of agro-industrial wastes reports high productivity with low investment. The extraction of the final product from the solid waste and solid disposal represent the main cost of the process. In this work, the complete downstream processes of SSF of two industrial residues for the production of proteases, soy fibre (SF) and a mixture of hair and sludge (HS), were studied in terms of activity recovery, using different extraction parameters (extracting solvent, ratio solid: solvent and extraction mode). Activity after lyophilisation was tested. Solid waste valorisation after extraction was studied using respiration techniques and biogas production tests, as part of a zero waste strategy. Results showed a maximum extraction yield of 91% for SF and 121% for HS, both in agitated mode and distilled water as extraction agent. An average activity recovery of 95 ± 6 and 94 ± 6% for SF and HS, respectively, was obtained after lyophilisation and redissolution. To reduce the cost of extraction, a ratio 1:3 w:v solid-solvent in static mode is advised for SF, and 1:2 w:v extraction ratio in agitated mode for HS, both with distilled water as extracting agent. Both composting and anaerobic digestion are suitable techniques for valorisation of the waste material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marín
- Composting Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d’Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Q, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona Spain
| | - Adriana Artola
- Composting Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d’Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Q, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- Composting Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d’Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Q, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona Spain
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30
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Lessa OA, Reis NDS, Leite SGF, Gutarra MLE, Souza AO, Gualberto SA, de Oliveira JR, Aguiar-Oliveira E, Franco M. Effect of the solid state fermentation of cocoa shell on the secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity, and fatty acids. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:107-113. [PMID: 30263730 PMCID: PMC6049759 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) processing, the accumulated cocoa shell can be used for bioconversion to obtain valuable compounds. Here, we evaluate the effect of solid-state fermentation of cacao flour with Penicillium roqueforti on secondary metabolite composition, phenol, carotenoid, anthocyanin, flavonol, and fatty acids contents, and antioxidant activity. We found that the total concentrations of anthocyanins and flavonols did not change significantly after fermentation and the phenolic compound and total carotenoid concentrations were higher. The fermentation process produced an increase in saponin concentration and antioxidant activity, as well as significant changes in the levels of oleic, linoleic, gamma-linolenic, and saturated fatty acids. Based on our findings, we propose that the reuse of food residues through solid state fermentation is viable and useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozana Almeida Lessa
- Post-Graduation Programm in Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900 Brazil
| | - Nadabe dos Santos Reis
- Post-Graduation Program in Food Engineering, Department of Basic and Instrumental Studies, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Bahia 45700-000 Brazil
| | - Selma Gomes Ferreira Leite
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900 Brazil
| | - Melissa Limoeiro Estrada Gutarra
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900 Brazil
| | - Alexilda Oliveira Souza
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, 45700-000 Brazil
| | - Simone Andrade Gualberto
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, 45700-000 Brazil
| | - Julieta Rangel de Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Elizama Aguiar-Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Franco
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, 45662-900 Brazil
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31
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Mano MCR, Neri-Numa IA, da Silva JB, Paulino BN, Pessoa MG, Pastore GM. Oligosaccharide biotechnology: an approach of prebiotic revolution on the industry. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:17-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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32
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Yang Y, Zhu N, Yang J, Lin Y, Liu J, Wang R, Wang F, Yuan H. A novel bifunctional acetyl xylan esterase/arabinofuranosidase from Penicillium chrysogenum P33 enhances enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:166. [PMID: 28950907 PMCID: PMC5615437 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0777-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xylan, the major constituent of hemicellulose, is composed of β-(1,4)-linked xylopyranosyl units that for the backbone, with side chains formed by other chemical moieties such as arabinose, galactose, mannose, ferulic acid and acetyl groups. Acetyl xylan esterases and α-L-arabinofuranosidases are two important accessory enzymes that remove side chain residues from xylan backbones and may act in synergy with other xylanolytic enzymes. Compared with enzymes possessing a single catalytic activity, multifunctional enzymes can achieve lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis using a less complex mixture of enzymes. RESULTS Here, we cloned an acetyl xylan esterase (PcAxe) from Penicillium chrysogenum P33 and expressed it in Pichia pastoris GS115. The optimal pH and temperature of the recombinant PcAxe (rPcAxe) for 4-nitrophenyl acetate were 7.0 and 40 °C, respectively. rPcAxe is stable across a broad pH range, retaining 100% enzyme activity om pH 6-9 after a 1 h incubation. The enzyme tolerates the presence of a wide range of metal ions. Sequence alignment revealed a GH62 domain exhibiting α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity with pH and temperature optima of pH 7.0 and 50 °C, in addition to the expected esterase domain. rPcAxe displayed significant synergy with a recombinant xylanase, with a degree of synergy of 1.35 for the hydrolysis of delignified corn stover. Release of glucose was increased by 51% from delignified corn stover when 2 mg of a commercial cellulase was replaced by an equivalent amount of rPcAxe, indicating superior hydrolytic efficiency. CONCLUSIONS The novel bifunctional enzyme PcAxe was identified in P. chrysogenum P33. rPcAxe includes a carbohydrate esterase domain and a glycosyl hydrolase family 62 domain. This is the first detailed report on a novel bifunctional enzyme possessing acetyl xylan esterase and α-L-arabinofuranosidase activities. These findings expand our current knowledge of glycoside hydrolases and pave the way for the discovery of similar novel enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Xue Y, Wang X, Chen X, Hu J, Gao MT, Li J. Effects of different cellulases on the release of phenolic acids from rice straw during saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:208-216. [PMID: 28319769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effects of different cellulases on the release of phenolic acids from rice straw during saccharification were investigated in this study. All cellulases tested increased the contents of phenolic acids during saccharification. However, few free phenolic acids were detected, as they were present in conjugated form after saccharification when the cellulases from Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus niger were used. On the other hand, phenolic acids were present in free form when the Acremonium cellulolyticus cellulase was used. Assays of enzyme activity showed that, besides high cellulase activity, the A. cellulolyticus cellulase exhibited high feruloyl esterase (FAE) activity. A synergistic interaction between FAE and cellulase led to the increase in free phenolic acids, and thus an increase in antioxidative and antiradical activities of the phenolic acids. Moreover, a cost estimation demonstrated the feasibility of phenolic acids as value-added products to reduce the total production cost of ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiahui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xingxuan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Min-Tian Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China; Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jixiang Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20110, China
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Yegin S. Xylanase production by Aureobasidium pullulans on globe artichoke stem: Bioprocess optimization, enzyme characterization and application in saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:441-449. [PMID: 27537074 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1224245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Statistical optimization of the factors affecting xylanase production by Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL Y-2311-1 on globe artichoke stem was performed for the first time. The optimization strategies used resulted in almost six-fold enhancement of xylanase production (66.48 U/ml). Biochemical and thermal characterization of the crude xylanase preparation was performed to elucidate its feasibility for different industrial applications. The optimum conditions for xylanase activity were pH 4.0 and 30-50°C. The enzyme was very stable over a wide pH range of 3.0-8.0. The thermal stability studies revealed an inactivation energy of 183 kJ/mol. Thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy) for thermal inactivation were also determined. Primary application of the crude xylanase preparation in saccharification of corn cob subjected to different pretreatment techniques has been evaluated. The crude xylanase preparation was very promising for saccharification of corn cob pretreated with aqueous ammonia. The maximum yield of reducing sugar was 357 mg/g dry substrate, which revealed that the crude xylanase from A. pullulans could be a very good alternative in saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass for biological fuel generation. This study also provides a basis for further exploitation of globe artichoke by-products in microbial production of several other industrially significant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirma Yegin
- a Department of Food Engineering , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
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35
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Production, properties, and applications of endo-β-mannanases. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Purification and characterization of β-mannanase from Aspergillus terreus and its applicability in depolymerization of mannans and saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:136. [PMID: 28330208 PMCID: PMC4912962 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus terreus FBCC 1369 was grown in solid-state culture under statistically optimized conditions. β-Mannanase was purified to apparent homogeneity by ultrafiltration, anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. A purification factor of 10.3-fold was achieved, with the purified enzyme exhibiting specific activity of 53 U/mg protein. The purified β-mannanase was optimally active at pH 7.0 and 70 °C and displayed stability over a broad pH range of 4.0–8.0 and a 30 min half-life at 80 °C. The molecular weight of β-mannanase was calculated as ~49 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme exhibited Km and Vmax values of 5.9 mg/ml and 39.42 µmol/ml/min, respectively. β-Mannanase activity was stimulated by β-mercaptoethanol and strongly inhibited by Hg2+. The β-Mannanase did not hydrolyze mannobiose and mannotriose, but only mannotetraose liberating mannose and mannotriose. This indicated that at least four mannose residues were required for catalytic activity. Oligosaccharide with a degree of polymerization (DP) three was the predominant product in the case of locust bean gum (16.5 %) and guar gum (15.8 %) hydrolysis. However, the enzyme liberated DP4 oligosaccharide (24 %) exclusively from konjac gum. This property can be exploited in oligosaccharides production with DP 3–4. β-Mannanase hydrolyzed pretreated lignocelluloses and liberated reducing sugars (% theoretical yield) from copra meal (30 %). This property is an important factor for the bioconversion of the biomass.
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Venkateswar Rao L, Goli JK, Gentela J, Koti S. Bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to xylitol: An overview. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 213:299-310. [PMID: 27142629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic wastes include agricultural and forest residues which are most promising alternative energy sources and serve as potential low cost raw materials that can be exploited to produce xylitol. The strong physical and chemical construction of lignocelluloses is a major constraint for the recovery of xylose. The large scale production of xylitol is attained by nickel catalyzed chemical process that is based on xylose hydrogenation, that requires purified xylose as raw substrate and the process requires high temperature and pressure that remains to be cost intensive and energy consuming. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop an integrated process for biotechnological conversion of lignocelluloses to xylitol and make the process economical. The present review confers about the pretreatment strategies that facilitate cellulose and hemicellulose acquiescent for hydrolysis. There is also an emphasis on various detoxification and fermentation methodologies including genetic engineering strategies for the efficient conversion of xylose to xylitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linga Venkateswar Rao
- Dept. of Microbiology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500 007, India.
| | - Jyosthna Khanna Goli
- Dept. of Microbiology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500 007, India
| | - Jahnavi Gentela
- Dept. of Microbiology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500 007, India
| | - Sravanthi Koti
- Dept. of Microbiology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500 007, India
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38
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Partial Purification and Characterization of a Thermostable β-Mannanase from Aspergillus foetidus. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/app5040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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