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Jana S, Basu S, Sarkar U. Odour impact assessment using kinetics and optimization: case studies on removal of multiple volatile organo-sulphur compounds from sewage wastewater using porous functional materials. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:226. [PMID: 36562856 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Expanding industries and booming population have led to the increase in the installation of wastewater and sewer systems, even in close proximity to residential areas. Emissions from these installations particularly volatile organo-sulphur compounds (VOSCs) such as methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), ethyl mercaptan (C2H5SH), dimethyl sulphide (CH3SCH3) and carbon disulphide (CS2) are a nuisance to people even when present in small concentration. Strategies for removal involve addition of chemicals or other chemical processes which are generally expensive. Biofilters, on the other hand, consume large amount of energy and wash waters. Hence keeping commercialization in mind, it is important to develop a strategy which would be cost-effective and at the same time be effective to remove most of the odorous compounds present in these systems. In the present research work, granular activated carbons (GAC) are functionalized with alkali solution to improve the adsorption capacity. Liquid phase batch adsorption is performed with GAC and various functionalized activated carbons (FACs) with the help of raw sewage water from a local sewage water treatment plant. Concentration of odour was evaluated by two methods-olfactometry-based analysis for sensory measurement and GCMS-based analysis for analytical estimation of a specific odorous compound. The adsorption capacities of the functionalized GACs are higher primarily because of complex formation at the surface of modified GACs. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model agreed well with experimental results with the rate constant being 0.0191 mg/l min and 0.0153 mg/l min for methyl and ethyl mercaptan adsorption onto FAC-NH3. Boyd's film diffusion along with rate kinetic model supported that chemical adsorption forms the rate-limiting step. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the removal of VOSCs with respect to different process parameters like adsorbent amount and time. The olfactometry removal of overall odour was also optimized taking 6 factors in the Box Behnken design. Variance of analysis results indicated that all the models displayed considerable goodness of fit with R2 values close to 1. Methyl mercaptan turned out to be the highest contributor to the overall odour as confirmed both from experimental and optimization study. The optimized olfactometry odour removal (77.4%) along with CH3SH removal (80.34%), C2H5SH removal (59.16%), CH3SCH3 removal (63.21%) and CS2 removal (71.95%) was found at optimum process conditions, with amount of adsorbent of 10.29 g, adsorption time of 2.92 h. This result indicates that methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) is the highest odour contributing component out of the studied VOSCs. The results show promising potential for the use of activated carbon as an adsorbent for removal of odorous compounds from STPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Jana
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sankhadeep Basu
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ujjaini Sarkar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Ali MEM, Moniem SM, Hemdan BA, Ammar NS, Ibrahim HS. Innovative polymeric inorganic coagulant-flocculant for wastewater purification with simultaneous microbial reduction in treated effluent and sludge. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Acosta-Cordero L, Carrera-Chapela F, Montalvo S, Guerrero L, Palominos N, Borja R, Huiliñir C. Modeling of the effect of zeolite concentration on the biological nitrification process in the presence of sulfide and organic matter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 56:123-135. [PMID: 33507138 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1852011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of the nitrification kinetics in the simultaneous presence of sulfide and organic matter using zeolite as improver was the main goal of this work. According to the sensitivity and collinearity analyses, five parameters were the most sensitive in the model, whose calibrated values were: μ max, AOB = 0.02642 ± 0.002 h-1; μ max, NOB = 0.3307 ± 0.416 h-1; K S,NOB = 1.65·10-6 ± 2.85·10-6 mgHNO2-N/L; k S2 = 0.8213 ± 0.076 and n = 0.6537 ± 0.030. A good fit between the experimental data and the model's results including the effect of zeolite on the kinetic parameters was obtained, with Theil inequality coefficient values between 0.109 and 0.007 for all the variables studied, with all of these values lower than 0.3. Thus, the model proposed is robust and can simulate the nitrification process in the presence of sulfide and organic matter when zeolite was used as improver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Carrera-Chapela
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Silvio Montalvo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorna Guerrero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Nicolás Palominos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide - Edificio 46, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cesar Huiliñir
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Performance of a Full-Scale Biogas Plant Operation in Greece and Its Impact on the Circular Economy. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biogas plants have been started to expand recently in Greece and their positive contribution to the economy is evident. A typical case study is presented which focuses on the long-term monitoring (lasting for one year) of a 500 kW mesophilic biogas plant consisting of an one-stage digester. The main feedstock used was cow manure, supplemented occasionally with chicken manure, corn silage, wheat/ray silage, glycerine, cheese whey, molasses and olive mill wastewater. The mixture of the feedstocks was adjusted based on their availability, cost and biochemical methane potential. The organic loading rate (OLR) varied at 3.42 ± 0.23 kg COD m−3 day−1 (or 2.74 ± 0.18 kg VS m−3 day−1) and resulted in a stable performance in terms of specific biogas production rate (1.27 ± 0.12 m3 m−3 day−1), biogas yield (0.46 ± 0.05 m3 kg−1 VS, 55 ± 1.3% in methane) and electricity production rate (12687 ± 1140 kWh day−1). There were no problems of foaming, nor was there a need for trace metal addition. The digestate was used by the neighboring farmers who observed an improvement in their crop yield. The profit estimates per feedstock indicate that chicken manure is superior to the other feedstocks, while molasses, silages and glycerin result in less profit due to the long distance of the biogas plant from their production source. Finally, the greenhouse gas emissions due to the digestate storage in the open air seem to be minor (0.81% of the methane consumed).
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Moguel-Castañeda JG, González-Salomón M, Hernández-García H, Morales-Zarate E, Puebla H, Hernandez-Martinez E. Effect of organic loading rate on anaerobic digestion of raw cheese whey: experimental evaluation and mathematical modeling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWhey is a high strength waste product of cheese manufacture. Anaerobic digestion of cheese allows pollution potential reduction and simultaneously energy production. Organic loading rate (OLR) is an important operating variable for anaerobic digestion (AD) process related to system stability, waste treatment capacity and biogas production. The actual OLR depends on the types of wastes (i.e., content of chemical oxygen demand [COD]) fed into a digester. In this paper, the effect of OLR on the AD process of the raw cheese whey in a semi-continuous up-flow system is studied experimentally and with numerical simulations using a simple dynamical model calibrated with experimental data. The digester operation was performed for 90 days, doubling the OLR every 30 days, from OLR of 2.5–10 gCOD L−1 d−1. Experimental results show that the increase in OLR favors the production of biogas. However, the proportion of methane may decrease. The highest methane yield and the most considerable substrate degradation were obtained at OLR of 5 gCOD L−1 d−1 and 10 gCOD L−1 d−1, respectively. The proposed mathematical model is used to describe the dynamic behavior of key variables as COD, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and methane production. A good fit between the variables estimated by the mathematical model and experimental data was obtained, reaching determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.8. Therefore, this model might be beneficial in predicting the maximum methane production rate and the maximum OLR that could be used without risking the AD process stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazael G. Moguel-Castañeda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Departamento de Energía, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Hector Puebla
- Departamento de Energía, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City, Mexico
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Huiliñir C, Acosta L, Yanez D, Montalvo S, Esposito G, Retamales G, Levicán G, Guerrero L. Elemental sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification in stoichiometric S 0/N ratio: Calibration and validation of a kinetic model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123229. [PMID: 32247270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of S0 hydrolysis in a kinetic model of autotrophic denitrification has been recently proposed; however the model has not been calibrated or validated yet. Thus, a new methodology was developed and applied to calibrate and validate this kinetic model for the first time. An inoculum adapted from a poultry wastewater treatment plant at stoichiometric S0/NO3- ratio was used. The model was calibrated with batch data (initial nitrate concentrations of 50 and 6.25 mg NO3--N/L) at an S0/N ratio = 2.29 mg S/mg N and validated with seven different batch data. The sensitivity analysis showed that the most sensitive parameters are related to S0 hydrolysis. The kinetic model was successfully calibrated with the new methodology and validated, with Theil inequality coefficient values lower than 0.21. Thus, the proposed model and methodology were proved to be well suited for the simulation of elemental sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification in batch systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Huiliñir
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.
| | - L Acosta
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Yanez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Montalvo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - G Retamales
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Levicán
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Guerrero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
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Donoso-Bravo A, Olivares D, Lesty Y, Bossche HV. Exploitation of the ADM1 in a XXI century wastewater resource recovery facility (WRRF): The case of codigestion and thermal hydrolysis. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115654. [PMID: 32146207 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to test the capability of the anaerobic digestion model n1 (ADM1) to reproduce data from full-scale digesters operated in a wastewater resource recovery facility (WRRF) where both thermal hydrolysis and codigestion with industrial waste are carried out. Furthermore, the potential uses of the model in a WRRF are also described, with particular relevance for plant engineers/operators. The model capability was calibrated and validated with data from full-scale digesters from the Mapocho-Trebal WRRF (Biofactoría) in Santiago, Chile. A success simulation rate, defined as the percentage of experimental values of a certain variable that lies within the simulation band given by a simulation tolerance established by the user/operator, was established to test the capability of the model as objectively as possible. Regarding the full-scale digester fed with thermally pretreated mixed sludge, success rates of 65% for biogas production and 60-100% for other variables were achieved. Regarding the full-scale digester in codigestion mode, the model had a success rate of approximately 60% for predicting the biogas flow for the whole evaluation period, while for the other variables, values between 70 and 100% were attained. The lowest success rates were observed for the volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration in the digestate. Despite the lack of available data and the number of assumptions that had to be made, the model was demonstrated to be capable of reproducing the behavior of the full-scale reactors. A proper, up-to-date, calibrated and validated model can aid in the decision-making process in a WRRF, for instance, in determining some unmeasured inlet conditions, in improving the resilience of the process and in managing the incorporation of a new cosubstrate into the plant, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Donoso-Bravo
- Cetaqua, Centro Tecnológico del Agua, Los Pozos, 7340, Santiago, Chile; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile.
| | - Diego Olivares
- Cetaqua, Centro Tecnológico del Agua, Los Pozos, 7340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yves Lesty
- Gerencia Economía Circular, Aguas Andinas, Chile
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Byliński H, Barczak RJ, Gębicki J, Namieśnik J. Monitoring of odors emitted from stabilized dewatered sludge subjected to aging using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5500-5513. [PMID: 30610582 PMCID: PMC6403207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the potential emission sources of odorous compounds from wastewater treatment plants is sludge processing. The odorous compounds released from dewatered sludge can result in odor nuisance. This study concerns the use of flux hood chamber combined with proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) technique for periodical monitoring of odorous compounds emitted from aged, stabilized dewatered sludge samples from 2 different wastewater treatment plants located in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. Based on determined concentration of the chemical compounds and olfactory threshold values, theoretical odor concentrations (known also as "odor activity value" or "odor index") were calculated for 17 selected odorous compounds. As a result, sulfur compounds such as diethyl sulphide, dimethyl sulphide, methanethiol, and ethanethiol were estimated as the most significant chemical compounds responsible for malodorous effect (average results, e.g., methanethiol, 178 ou/m3; diethyl sulphide, 184 ou/m3). Based on Pearson correlation coefficient, we revealed a correlation between odorous substances emitted from aged, stabilized dewatered sludge cakes. It was revealed that stabilized dewatered sludge still possessed significant amount of odorous compounds and applied measurement technique could be used for monitoring of odor concentration level of selected malodorous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Byliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Radosław J Barczak
- Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 20 Nowowiejska Street, 00-653, Warsaw, Poland
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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Liu S, Yang G, Fu J, Zhang G. Synchronously enhancing biogas production, sludge reduction, biogas desulfurization, and digestate treatment in sludge anaerobic digestion by adding K 2FeO 4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35154-35163. [PMID: 30328043 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the efficiency and benefits of the sludge anaerobic digestion process, K2FeO4 was added to a sludge anaerobic digestion system, and its effects on the system were comprehensively investigated. Results showed that sludge anaerobic digestion was greatly improved by adding 500 mg/L K2FeO4. Biogas and methane productions were increased by 26.6 and 28.4%, respectively. Sludge reduction, protein removal, and the conversion efficiency of dissolved organics were all improved. The mechanism revealed that the disintegration of sludge flocs, enhancement of protease activity, and decrease of soluble sulfide toxicity on microorganisms contributed to biogas production and sludge reduction. Biogas quality was improved, benefitting from the decreasing H2S content in biogas; as additionally, the cost of biogas desulfuration was reduced. In the biogas slurry treatment, the PO43--P concentrations were decreased by 39%, which also reduced the cost of the dephosphorization processes at certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution and Soil Damage Remediation, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinwei Fu
- School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
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Pokorna-Krayzelova L, Mampaey KE, Vannecke TP, Bartacek J, Jenicek P, Volcke EI. Model-based optimization of microaeration for biogas desulfurization in UASB reactors. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Xie S, Hai FI, Zhan X, Guo W, Ngo HH, Price WE, Nghiem LD. Anaerobic co-digestion: A critical review of mathematical modelling for performance optimization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:498-512. [PMID: 27745967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) is a pragmatic approach to simultaneously manage organic wastes and produce renewable energy. This review demonstrates the need for improving AcoD modelling capacities to simulate the complex physicochemical and biochemical processes. Compared to mono-digestion, AcoD is more susceptible to process instability, as it operates at a higher organic loading and significant variation in substrate composition. Data corroborated here reveal that it is essential to model the transient variation in pH and inhibitory intermediates (e.g. ammonia and organic acids) for AcoD optimization. Mechanistic models (based on the ADM1 framework) have become the norm for AcoD modelling. However, key features in current AcoD models, especially relationships between system performance and co-substrates' properties, organic loading, and inhibition mechanisms, remain underdeveloped. It is also necessary to predict biogas quantity and composition as well as biosolids quality by considering the conversion and distribution of sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen during AcoD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihuang Xie
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technologies in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hao H Ngo
- Centre for Technologies in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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