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Pantelic L, Skaro Bogojevic S, Andrejević TP, Pantović BV, Marković VR, Ašanin DP, Milanović Ž, Ilic-Tomic T, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Glišić BĐ, Lazic J. Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with Bacterial Prodigiosin Are Targeting Site III of Bovine Serum Albumin and Acting as DNA Minor Groove Binders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8395. [PMID: 39125963 PMCID: PMC11313072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The negative environmental and social impacts of food waste accumulation can be mitigated by utilizing bio-refineries' approach where food waste is revalorized into high-value products, such as prodigiosin (PG), using microbial bioprocesses. The diverse biological activities of PG position it as a promising compound, but its high production cost and promiscuous bioactivity hinder its wide application. Metal ions can modulate the electronic properties of organic molecules, leading to novel mechanisms of action and increased target potency, while metal complex formation can improve the stability, solubility and bioavailability of the parent compound. The objectives of this study were optimizing PG production through bacterial fermentation using food waste, allowing good quantities of the pure natural product for further synthesizing and evaluating copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes with it. Their antimicrobial and anticancer activities were assessed, and their binding affinity toward biologically important molecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA was investigated by fluorescence emission spectroscopy and molecular docking. The yield of 83.1 mg/L of pure PG was obtained when processed meat waste at 18 g/L was utilized as the sole fermentation substrate. The obtained complexes CuPG and ZnPG showed high binding affinity towards target site III of BSA, and molecular docking simulations highlighted the affinity of the compounds for DNA minor grooves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Pantelic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (L.P.); (S.S.B.); (T.I.-T.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Sanja Skaro Bogojevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (L.P.); (S.S.B.); (T.I.-T.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Tina P. Andrejević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (T.P.A.); (B.V.P.); (V.R.M.)
| | - Bojana V. Pantović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (T.P.A.); (B.V.P.); (V.R.M.)
| | - Violeta R. Marković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (T.P.A.); (B.V.P.); (V.R.M.)
| | - Darko P. Ašanin
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.P.A.); (Ž.M.)
| | - Žiko Milanović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.P.A.); (Ž.M.)
| | - Tatjana Ilic-Tomic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (L.P.); (S.S.B.); (T.I.-T.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (L.P.); (S.S.B.); (T.I.-T.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Biljana Đ. Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (T.P.A.); (B.V.P.); (V.R.M.)
| | - Jelena Lazic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (L.P.); (S.S.B.); (T.I.-T.); (J.N.-R.)
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Liu W, Shi R, Zhang Y, Li C, Zhou X, Jensen MS, Yang J, Zhao S, Liu J, Zhu J, Liu C, Sun D. ROK family regulator NagC promotes prodigiosin biosynthesis independent of N-acetylglucosamine in Serratia sp. ATCC 39006. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0089124. [PMID: 38953369 PMCID: PMC11267903 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00891-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 is an important model strain for the study of prodigiosin production, whose prodigiosin biosynthesis genes (pigA-O) are arranged in an operon. Several transcription factors have been shown to control the transcription of the pig operon. However, since the regulation of prodigiosin biosynthesis is complex, the regulatory mechanism for this process has not been well established. In most γ-proteobacteria, the ROK family regulator NagC acts as a global transcription factor in response to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In Serratia sp. ATCC 39006, NagC represses the transcription of two divergent operons, nagE and nagBAC, which encode proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of GlcNAc. Moreover, NagC directly binds to a 21-nt region that partially overlaps the -10 and -35 regions of the pig promoter and promotes the transcription of prodigiosin biosynthesis genes, thereby increasing prodigiosin production. Although NagC still acts as both repressor and activator in Serratia sp. ATCC 39006, its transcriptional regulatory activity is independent of GlcNAc. NagC was first found to regulate antibiotic biosynthesis in Gram-negative bacteria, and NagC-mediated regulation is not responsive to GlcNAc, which contributes to future studies on the regulation of secondary metabolism by NagC in other bacteria. IMPORTANCE The ROK family transcription factor NagC is an important global regulator in the γ-proteobacteria. A large number of genes involved in the transport and metabolism of sugars, as well as those associated with biofilm formation and pathogenicity, are regulated by NagC. In all of these regulations, the transcriptional regulatory activity of NagC responds to the supply of GlcNAc in the environment. Here, we found for the first time that NagC can regulate antibiotic biosynthesis, whose transcriptional regulatory activity is independent of GlcNAc. This suggests that NagC may respond to more signals and regulate more physiological processes in Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuge Zhou
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Marcus Sepo Jensen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyi Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Lu Y, Liu D, Jiang R, Li Z, Gao X. Prodigiosin: unveiling the crimson wonder - a comprehensive journey from diverse bioactivity to synthesis and yield enhancement. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1412776. [PMID: 38903802 PMCID: PMC11188435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1412776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin (PG) is a red tripyrrole pigment from the prodiginine family that has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent biological activities, including anticancer, antibacterial and anti-algal activities. The synthesis and production of PG is of particular significance, as it has the potential to be utilized in a number of applications, including those pertaining to clinical drug development, food safety, and environmental management. This paper provides a systematic review of recent research on PG, covering aspects like chemical structure, bioactivity, biosynthesis, gene composition and regulation, and optimization of production conditions, with a particular focus on the biosynthesis and regulation of PG in Serratia marcescens. This provides a solid theoretical basis for the drug development and production of PG, and is expected to promote the further development of PG in medicine and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Lu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Derun Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Renhui Jiang
- Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xueyan Gao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Mukhia S, Kumar A, Kumar R. Red bioactive pigment from Himalayan Janthinobacterium sp. ERMR3:09: optimization, characterization, and potential applications. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:44. [PMID: 38151568 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Prodigiosin is a red pigment commonly produced as a secondary metabolite by Serratia marcescens. It exhibits inherent bioactivities, including antimicrobial and anticancer, with low to no toxic effects on normal cells. The present study investigates a bioactive prodigiosin production from an atypical, red-pigmented, potentially novel Janthinobacterium sp. ERMR3:09 isolated from a glacial moraine. Statistically optimized culture parameters, i.e., w/v 1.0% glucose and 0.08% peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature 20 °C, and media pH 7, resulted in a four-fold increase in the pigment yield. The upscaled production in an 8 L volume resulted in higher pigment production within a shorter period of 48 h. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis validated the identity of the purified pigment as prodigiosin that showed thermostability at 75 °C for 3 h. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity showed potent inhibitory effects (> 50%) against the opportunistic pathogenic fungal and Gram-positive bacterial strains. The pigment showed significant cytotoxicity (p < 0.05) towards A549 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 42.2 μM and 36.11 μM, respectively. The study demonstrated that microbial communities from extreme niches can be ideal sources of bioactive pigments with immense pharmaceutical potential vital for the development of non-synthetic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Mukhia
- High Altitude Microbiology Laboratory (HAM-LAB), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 06, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- High Altitude Microbiology Laboratory (HAM-LAB), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 06, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rakshak Kumar
- High Altitude Microbiology Laboratory (HAM-LAB), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 06, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Maurya KK, Tripathi AD, Kumar D, Ramyaa TS, Paul V, Agarwal A. Growth Kinetics of Prodigiosin (Food Color) Produced by Novel Serratia marcescens bhu prodig Under Submerged Fermentation (SMF). Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00925-6. [PMID: 37907812 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Prodigiosin is a promising food color due to its antibacterial, antimalarial, antimycotic characteristics, immunomodulating, and antitumor activities. Novel prodigiosin producing strain isolated from sugarcane field soil of Banaras Hindu University, India, characterized as Serratia marcescens bhu prodig by 16 sRNA. The effect of carbon, nitrogen source, and physical parameters (pH and temperature) on pigment yield was studied. The highest amount of pigment produced, which was 800.95 ± 0.05 mg/L, was detected when sorbitol and peptone were used as nitrogen and carbon source with pH 7 at 30 °C. The optimized condition scale-up in a bioreactor with a working capacity of 3.0 L, gave maximum pigment yield of 825 ± 0.05 mg/L with µ (Maximum specific growth rate), Yp/x, which represents the product yield coefficient, and Yp/s, which signifies the specific product yield coefficient and productivity of 0.3/h, 0.62, 0.80, and 0.02 g/L/h, respectively, after 72 h of cultivation in submerged fermentation (SMF). The isolated pigment was characterized as prodigiosin by the analysis of spectral data and GC-MS. The mass spectrophotometry investigation characterized pigment as 4-methoxy-5(5 methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)- 2,2-bipyrrole ring structure. The GC-MS chromatogram showed m/z of 323, representing prodigiosin. The prodigiosin yield and productivity obtained in the current finding were higher than in previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Kumar Maurya
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Dutt Tripathi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T S Ramyaa
- Department of Microbiology, Thiagrajar College, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Veena Paul
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Food Technology, Lady Irwin College, Delhi University, New Delhi, India
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Wang J, Zhang T, Liu Y, Wang S, Li Z, Sun P, Xu H. Transcriptome analysis reveals that yeast extract inhibits synthesis of prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens SDSPY-136. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1109-1119. [PMID: 36785995 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2172036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Prodigiosin (2-methyl-3-pentyl-6-methoxyprodiginine) is a valuable medicinal and edible natural pigment derived from Serratia marcescens. How prodigiosin synthesis is suppressed by environmental factors has not been investigated. Previous studies described a low level of prodigiosin production in the presence of yeast extracts. However, we have observed that S. marcescens SDSPY-136 did not synthesize prodigiosin in yeast extract culture. In this study, transcriptome sequencing of yeast extract cultures was used to estimate the metabolic control of the synthetic prodigiosin pathway in S. marcescens. Key phosphorylation enzymes in the glycolysis pathway, 6-phosphofructokinase, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were downregulated by yeast extract and other carbon metabolism pathway genes were enhanced. Genes related to ribosomes, amino acid metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were also highly up-regulated. The presence of metal ions in yeast extracts and the accumulation of fermentation metabolites alter the two-component signaling system, which regulated metabolism to various degrees. The results of metal ion testing suggested that prodigiosin inhibition could be caused by metal ions, such as zinc ion. The findings indicate that yeast extract may affect metabolism through multiple pathways in S. marcescens. This research sheds light on the mechanism of prodigiosin regulatory inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wang
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Zerun Li
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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Zhou J, Jia Y, Gong X, Liu H, Sun C. Time-Resolved Kinetic Measurement of Microalgae Agglomeration for Screening of Polysaccharides-Based Coagulants/Flocculants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14610. [PMID: 36361487 PMCID: PMC9657197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved monitoring of microalgae agglomeration facilitates screening of coagulants/flocculants (CFs) from numerous biopolymer candidates. Herein, a filtering-flowing analysis (FFA) apparatus was developed in which dispersed microalgal cells were separated from coagulates and flocs formed by CFs and pumped into spectrophotometer for real-time quantification. Polysaccharides-based CFs for Microcystis aeruginosa and several other microalgae were tested. Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (CHEC), chitosan quaternary ammonium (CQA) and cationic guar gum (CGG) all triggered coagulation obeying a pseudo-second-order model. Maximal coagulation efficiencies were achieved at their respective critical dosages, i.e., 0.086 g/gM.a. CHEC, 0.022 g/gM.a. CQA, and 0.216 g/gM.a. CGG. Although not active independently, bacterial exopolysaccharides (BEPS) aided coagulation of M. aeruginosa and allowed near 100% flocculation efficiency when 0.115 g/gM.a. CQA and 1.44 g/gM.a. xanthan were applied simultaneously. The apparatus is applicable to other microalgae species including Spirulina platensis, S. maxima, Chlorella vulgaris and Isochrysis galbana. Bio-based CFs sorted out using this apparatus could help develop cleaner processes for both remediation of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and microalgae-based biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yunlu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaobei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou 510640, China
- Bengbu-SCUT Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing of Biomaterials, Bengbu 233010, China
| | - Chengwu Sun
- Bengbu-SCUT Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing of Biomaterials, Bengbu 233010, China
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Zhu G, Tan W, Xie L, Ma C, Chen X, Zhang S, Wei Y. Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of Cd 2+ on prodigiosin synthesis in Serratia marcescens KMR-3. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111978. [PMID: 36063739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prodigiosin (2-methyl-3-pentyl-6-methoxyprodiginine), a red-colored microbial pigment, is produced in large quantities by Serratia marcescens KMR-3. This bacterium can grow in a medium with a Cd2+ concentration of 500 mg/L, but it does not produce prodigiosin when the Cd2+ concentration in the medium is higher than 140 mg/L. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms by which Cd2+ inhibits prodigiosin synthesis. Upon addition of Cd2+ to the medium, the expression of the prodigiosin (pig) gene cluster was significantly downregulated. Simultaneously, genes encoding proteins related to the synthesis of arginine and proline(prodigiosin precursors) were significantly downregulated, while the degradation-related genes were upregulated. Furthermore, PigF, which encodes a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of 4-methoxy-2,2'-bipyrrole-5-carboxaldehyde and PigC, which encodes a key enzyme involved in the last step of prodigiosin synthesis, were downregulated by 80% and 55%, respectively, following Cd2+ treatment. As PigC and PigF are located on the cell membrane and are involved in the final steps of prodigiosin synthesis, the cell membrane might be presumed to be the site of prodigiosin synthesis. The bacterial membrane exhibited different degrees of elongation, folding, fragmentation, and sagging after the addition of Cd2+, while likely destroying the site of prodigiosin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenzhang Tan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liguo Xie
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | | | - Yunlin Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Araújo RG, Zavala NR, Castillo-Zacarías C, Barocio ME, Hidalgo-Vázquez E, Parra-Arroyo L, Rodríguez-Hernández JA, Martínez-Prado MA, Sosa-Hernández JE, Martínez-Ruiz M, Chen WN, Barceló D, Iqbal HM, Parra-Saldívar R. Recent Advances in Prodigiosin as a Bioactive Compound in Nanocomposite Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154982. [PMID: 35956931 PMCID: PMC9370345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bionanocomposites based on natural bioactive entities have gained importance due to their abundance; renewable and environmentally benign nature; and outstanding properties with applied perspective. Additionally, their formulation with biological molecules with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities has been produced nowadays. The present review details the state of the art and the importance of this pyrrolic compound produced by microorganisms, with interest towards Serratia marcescens, including production strategies at a laboratory level and scale-up to bioreactors. Promising results of its biological activity have been reported to date, and the advances and applications in bionanocomposites are the most recent strategy to potentiate and to obtain new carriers for the transport and controlled release of prodigiosin. Prodigiosin, a bioactive secondary metabolite, produced by Serratia marcescens, is an effective proapoptotic agent against bacterial and fungal strains as well as cancer cell lines. Furthermore, this molecule presents antioxidant activity, which makes it ideal for treating wounds and promoting the general improvement of the immune system. Likewise, some of the characteristics of prodigiosin, such as hydrophobicity, limit its use for medical and biotechnological applications; however, this can be overcome by using it as a component of a bionanocomposite. This review focuses on the chemistry and the structure of the bionanocomposites currently developed using biorenewable resources. Moreover, the work illuminates recent developments in pyrrole-based bionanocomposites, with special insight to its application in the medical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael G. Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Natalia Rodríguez Zavala
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Durango (TecNM-ITD), Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote. Durango, Durango 34080, Mexico
| | - Carlos Castillo-Zacarías
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Departamento de Ingeniería Ambiental, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Mario E. Barocio
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Lizeth Parra-Arroyo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | - María Adriana Martínez-Prado
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Durango (TecNM-ITD), Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote. Durango, Durango 34080, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Manuel Martínez-Ruiz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Wei Ning Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H2O, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.)
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.)
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Liu J, Xu Q, Wu Y, Sun D, Zhu J, Liu C, Liu W. Carbohydrate-binding modules of ChiB and ChiC promote the chitinolytic system of Serratia marcescens BWL1001. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 162:110118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Zhang B, Yang Y, Xie W, He W, Xie J, Liu W. Identifying Algicides of Enterobacter hormaechei F2 for Control of the Harmful Alga Microcystis aeruginosa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137556. [PMID: 35805215 PMCID: PMC9265343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication has become an increasingly serious environmental issue and has contributed towards an explosion in harmful algal blooms (HABs) affecting local development. HABs can cause serious threats to ecosystems and human health. A newly isolated algicidal strain, Enterobacter hormaechei F2, showed high algicidal activity against the typical HAB species Microcystis aeruginosa. Potential algicides were detected through liquid chromatograph–mass spectrometer analysis, revealing that prodigiosin is an algicide and PQS is a quorum sensing molecule. RNA-seq was used to understand the algicidal mechanisms and the related pathways. We concluded that the metabolism of prodigiosin and PQS are active at the transcriptional level. The findings indicate that E. hormaechei F2 can be used as a potential biological agent to control harmful algal blooms to prevent the deterioration of the ecological and economic value of water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (B.Z.); (W.X.); (W.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China;
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
| | - Wenjia Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (B.Z.); (W.X.); (W.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Wei He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (B.Z.); (W.X.); (W.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Jia Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (B.Z.); (W.X.); (W.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (B.Z.); (W.X.); (W.H.); (J.X.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Islan GA, Rodenak-Kladniew B, Noacco N, Duran N, Castro GR. Prodigiosin: a promising biomolecule with many potential biomedical applications. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14227-14258. [PMID: 35734783 PMCID: PMC9342244 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2084498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigments are among the most fascinating molecules found in nature and used by human civilizations since the prehistoric ages. Although most of the bio-dyes reported in the literature were discovered around the eighties, the necessity to explore novel compounds for new biological applications has made them resurface as potential alternatives. Prodigiosin (PG) is an alkaloid red bio-dye produced by diverse microorganisms and composed of a linear tripyrrole chemical structure. PG emerges as a really interesting tool since it shows a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, algicidal, anti-Chagas, anti-amoebic, antimalarial, anticancer, antiparasitic, antiviral, and/or immunosuppressive. However, PG vehiculation into different delivery systems has been proposed since possesses low bioavailability because of its high hydrophobic character (XLogP3-AA = 4.5). In the present review, the general aspects of the PG correlated with synthesis, production process, and biological activities are reported. Besides, some of the most relevant PG delivery systems described in the literature, as well as novel unexplored applications to potentiate its biological activity in biomedical applications, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- German A Islan
- Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) -CONICET (CCT La Plata)Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Centro de Investigación y , La Plata, Argentina
| | - Boris Rodenak-Kladniew
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CONICET-UNLP, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Pcia de Bueos aires, Argentina
| | - Nehuen Noacco
- Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) -CONICET (CCT La Plata)Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Centro de Investigación y , La Plata, Argentina
| | - Nelson Duran
- Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Biological Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Federal University of Abc (Ufabc), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Guillermo R Castro
- Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Biological Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,. Partner Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPIbpC, MPG). Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios (CEI), Universidad Nacional de RosarioMax Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC), Rosario, Argentina
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13
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Kong Y, Wang Y, Miao L, Mo S, Li J, Zheng X. Recent Advances in the Research on the Anticyanobacterial Effects and Biodegradation Mechanisms of Microcystis aeruginosa with Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061136. [PMID: 35744654 PMCID: PMC9229865 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have attracted great attention around the world due to the numerous negative effects such as algal organic matters and cyanobacterial toxins in drinking water treatments. As an economic and environmentally friendly technology, microorganisms have been widely used for pollution control and remediation, especially in the inhibition/biodegradation of the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in eutrophic water; moreover, some certain anticyanobacterial microorganisms can degrade microcystins at the same time. Therefore, this review aims to provide information regarding the current status of M. aeruginosa inhibition/biodegradation microorganisms and the acute toxicities of anticyanobacterial substances secreted by microorganisms. Based on the available literature, the anticyanobacterial modes and mechanisms, as well as the in situ application of anticyanobacterial microorganisms are elucidated in this review. This review aims to enhance understanding the anticyanobacterial microorganisms and provides a rational approach towards the future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kong
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (S.M.); (J.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-27-69111182
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
| | - Lihong Miao
- School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;
| | - Shuhong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (S.M.); (J.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jiake Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (S.M.); (J.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (S.M.); (J.L.); (X.Z.)
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14
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Dos Santos RA, Rodríguez DM, da Silva LAR, de Almeida SM, de Campos-Takaki GM, de Lima MAB. Enhanced production of prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens UCP 1549 using agrosubstrates in solid-state fermentation. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4091-4100. [PMID: 34052891 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the production of prodigiosin by S. marcescens UCP 1549 in solid-state fermentation (SSF), as a sustainable alternative for reducing the production costs and environmental impact. Thus, different agro-industrial substrates were used in the formulation of the prodigiosin production medium, obtaining the maximum yield of pigment (119.8 g/kg dry substrate) in medium consisting of 5 g wheat bran, 5% waste soybean oil and saline solution. The pigment was confirmed as prodigiosin by the maximum absorbance peak at 535 nm, Rf 0.9 in TLC, and the functional groups by infrared spectrum (FTIR). Prodigiosin demonstrated stability at different values of temperature, pH and NaCl concentrations and antimicrobial properties, as well as not show any toxicity. These results confirm the applicability of SSF as a sustainable and promising technology and wheat bran as potential agrosubstrate to produce prodigiosin, making the bioprocess economic and competitive for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Andreia Dos Santos
- Post-Graduation Program in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil.,Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil
| | - Dayana Montero Rodríguez
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Development of Environmental Processes, National Post-Doctorate Program (PNPD-CAPES), Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Albuquerque Rosendo da Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Mendonça de Almeida
- Post-Graduation Program in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil.,Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki
- Post-Graduation Program in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil.,Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Barbosa de Lima
- Post-Graduation Program in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-900, Brazil. .,Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50050-590, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
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15
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Han R, Xiang R, Li J, Wang F, Wang C. High-level production of microbial prodigiosin: A review. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:506-523. [PMID: 33955034 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prodigiosin is a natural red pigment derived primarily from secondary metabolites of microorganisms, especially Serratia marcescens. It can also be chemically synthesized. Prodigiosin has been proven to have antitumor, antibacterial, antimalaria, anti-insect, antialgae, and immunosuppressive activities, and is gaining increasing important in the global market because of its great potential application value in clinical medicine development, environmental treatment, preparation of food additives, and so on. Due to the low efficiency of prodigiosin chemical synthesis, high-level prodigiosin of production by microorganisms are necessary for prodigiosin applications. In this paper, the production of prodigiosin by microorganism in recent decades is reviewed. The methods and strategies for increasing the yield of prodigiosin are discussed from the aspects of medium composition, additives, factors affecting production conditions, strain modification, and fermentation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Roujin Xiang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Fengqing Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
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