1
|
Yan YM, Jin MZ, Li SH, Wu Y, Wang Q, Hu FF, Shen C, Yin WH. Hub genes, diagnostic model, and predicted drugs in systemic sclerosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1202561. [PMID: 37501723 PMCID: PMC10369177 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1202561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma; SSc), a rare and heterogeneous connective tissue disease, remains unclear in terms of its underlying causative genes and effective therapeutic approaches. The purpose of the present study was to identify hub genes, diagnostic markers and explore potential small-molecule drugs of SSc. Methods: The cohorts of data used in this study were downloaded from the Gene Expression Complex (GEO) database. Integrated bioinformatic tools were utilized for exploration, including Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetic/toxicity properties exploration. Results: Seven hub genes (THY1, SULF1, PRSS23, COL5A2, NNMT, SLCO2B1, and TIMP1) were obtained in the merged gene expression profiles of GSE45485 and GSE76885. GSEA results have shown that they are associated with autoimmune diseases, microorganism infections, inflammatory related pathways, immune responses, and fibrosis process. Among them, THY1 and SULF1 were identified as diagnostic markers and validated in skin samples from GSE32413, GSE95065, GSE58095 and GSE125362. Finally, ten small-molecule drugs with potential therapeutic effects were identified, mainly including phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors (BRL-50481, dipyridamole), TGF-β receptor inhibitor (SB-525334), and so on. Conclusion: This study provides new sights into a deeper understanding the molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of SSc. More importantly, the results may offer promising clues for further experimental studies and novel treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mei Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Jin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Fei Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hao Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laboux T, Maanaoui M, Allain F, Boulanger E, Denys A, Gibier JB, Glowacki F, Grolaux G, Grunenwald A, Howsam M, Lancel S, Lebas C, Lopez B, Roumenina L, Provôt F, Gnemmi V, Frimat M. Hemolysis is associated with altered heparan sulfate of the endothelial glycocalyx and with local complement activation in thrombotic microangiopathies. Kidney Int 2023:S0085-2538(23)00327-7. [PMID: 37164260 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The complement system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of kidney thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA), as illustrated by atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. But complement abnormalities are not the only drivers of TMA lesions. Among other potential pathophysiological actors, we hypothesized that alteration of heparan sulfate (HS) in the endothelial glycocalyx could be important. To evaluate this, we analyzed clinical and histological features of kidney biopsies from a monocentric, retrospective cohort of 72 patients with TMA, particularly for HS integrity and markers of local complement activation. The role of heme (a major product of hemolysis) as an HS-degrading agent in vitro, and the impact of altering endothelial cell (ECs) HS on their ability to locally activate complement were studied. Compared with a positive control, glomerular HS staining was lower in 57 (79%) patients with TMA, moderately reduced in 20 (28%), and strongly reduced in 37 (51%) of these 57 cases. Strongly reduced HS density was significantly associated with both hemolysis at the time of biopsy and local complement activation (C3 and/or C5b-9 deposits). Using primary endothelial cells (HUVECs, Glomerular ECs), we observed decreased HS expression after short-term exposure to heme, and that artificial HS degradation by exposure to heparinase was associated with local complement activation. Further, prolonged exposure to heme modulated expression of several key genes of glycocalyx metabolism involved in coagulation regulation (C5-EPI, HS6ST1, HS3ST1). Thus, our study highlights the impact of hemolysis on the integrity of endothelial HS, both in patients and in endothelial cell models. Hence, acute alteration of HS may be a mechanism of heme-induced complement activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Laboux
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Nephrology Department, Lille, France; University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France.
| | - Mehdi Maanaoui
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Nephrology Department, Lille, France; University Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190 - EGID, Lille, France
| | | | - Eric Boulanger
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France
| | - Agnès Denys
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Gibier
- Univ. Lille, Pathology Department, F-59000, Lille, France; University Lille, Inserm, US1172, Lille, France
| | | | - Gaëlle Grolaux
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France
| | - Anne Grunenwald
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mike Howsam
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France
| | - Steve Lancel
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France
| | - Céline Lebas
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Nephrology Department, Lille, France
| | | | - Lubka Roumenina
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Provôt
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Nephrology Department, Lille, France
| | - Viviane Gnemmi
- Univ. Lille, Pathology Department, F-59000, Lille, France; University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, U9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Marie Frimat
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Nephrology Department, Lille, France; University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jun Q, Youhong L, Yuan Z, Xi Y, Wang B, Xinyi S, Fu Y, Kedan C, Lian J, Jianqing Z. Histone modification of endothelial-mesenchymal transition in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1022988. [PMID: 36568553 PMCID: PMC9768231 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a differentiation process in which endothelial cells lose their own characteristics and acquire mesenchymal-like characteristics, which contributes to the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. Until now, there is still a lack of effective measures to treat atherosclerosis (AS), so there is an urgent need to understand the underlying mechanisms of AS. In addition, although various studies have shown that EndMT is involved in the pathological stages of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial fibrosis, myocardial hypertrophy, and hypertension, the specific molecular mechanisms driving EndMT are still in the exploratory stage. In this review, we review the role of histone modifications (methylation, demethylation and acetylation, deacetylation) on EndMT in cardiovascular disease, aiming to target histone-modifying enzymes to guide cardiovascular disease therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Jun
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Youhong
- Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhong Yuan
- Ningbo Medical-Industrial Integration Innovation Research Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sun Xinyi
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Cen Kedan
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Jiangfang Lian,
| | - Zhou Jianqing
- Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Zhou Jianqing,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Siegel RJ, Singh AK, Panipinto PM, Shaikh FS, Vinh J, Han SU, Kenney HM, Schwarz EM, Crowson CS, Khuder SA, Khuder BS, Fox DA, Ahmed S. Extracellular sulfatase-2 is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis and mediates the TNF-α-induced inflammatory activation of synovial fibroblasts. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1185-1195. [PMID: 36068294 PMCID: PMC9508225 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular sulfatase-2 (Sulf-2) influences receptor-ligand binding and subsequent signaling by chemokines and growth factors, yet Sulf-2 remains unexplored in inflammatory cytokine signaling in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we characterized Sulf-2 expression in RA and investigated its potential role in TNF-α-induced synovial inflammation using primary human RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). Sulf-2 expression was significantly higher in serum and synovial tissues from patients with RA and in synovium and serum from hTNFtg mice. RNA sequencing analysis of TNF-α-stimulated RASFs showed that Sulf-2 siRNA modulated ~2500 genes compared to scrambled siRNA. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of RNA sequencing data identified Sulf-2 as a primary target in fibroblasts and macrophages in RA. Western blot, ELISA, and qRT‒PCR analyses confirmed that Sulf-2 knockdown reduced the TNF-α-induced expression of ICAM1, VCAM1, CAD11, PDPN, CCL5, CX3CL1, CXCL10, and CXCL11. Signaling studies identified the protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways as key in the TNF-α-mediated induction of proteins related to cellular adhesion and invasion. Knockdown of Sulf-2 abrogated TNF-α-induced RASF proliferation. Sulf-2 knockdown with siRNA and inhibition by OKN-007 suppressed the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of PKCδ and JNK, thereby suppressing the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NF-κBp65 in human RASFs. Interestingly, Sulf-2 expression positively correlated with the expression of TNF receptor 1, and coimmunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the binding of these two proteins, suggesting they exhibit crosstalk in TNF-α signaling. This study identified a novel role of Sulf-2 in TNF-α signaling and the activation of RA synoviocytes, providing the rationale for evaluating the therapeutic targeting of Sulf-2 in preclinical models of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby J Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Anil K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Panipinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Farheen S Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Judy Vinh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Sang U Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - H Mark Kenney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia S Crowson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences and Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sadik A Khuder
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Basil S Khuder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David A Fox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martín C, Ordiales H, Vázquez F, Pevida M, Rodríguez D, Merayo J, Vázquez F, García B, Quirós LM. Bacteria associated with acne use glycosaminoglycans as cell adhesion receptors and promote changes in the expression of the genes involved in their biosynthesis. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:65. [PMID: 35219289 PMCID: PMC8881830 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) participate in many physiological and pathological processes, including infections and inflammatory response. Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects the pilosebaceous unit and has a multifactorial etiology, including bacterial colonization of the hair follicle. This study aimed to investigate the participation of GAG in the adhesion of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to keratinocytes and fibroblasts of the skin by competition experiments and cell surface removal using specific liases. The alteration in the transcription of the genes responsible for the synthesis of GAG induced by the adhesion of these bacteria was also analyzed by qRT-PCR. Results GAGs are involved in bacterial adherence to skin cells, especially fibroblasts, where chondroitin sulfate displayed the higher effect. Bacterial adherence produced different alterations in the transcription of the genes responsible for GAG structures. P. acnes induced mostly changes in keratinocytes, while S. epidermidis was the main cause of alterations in fibroblasts. These variations in gene expression affected all the stages in the biosynthesis of the main species of GAGs, heparan and chondroitin sulphate. Conclusions GAGs species are involved in the adhesion of acne-related bacteria to skin cells in a differential manner depending on each microorganism and cellular type, although other receptors seem to exist. Bacterial adherence led to variations on gene expression in skin cells affecting GAG chains structure what, consequently, should alter their interactions with different ligands, affecting the development of acne disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02477-2.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jadaun PK, Chatterjee S. COVID-19 and dys-regulation of pulmonary endothelium: implications for vascular remodeling. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 63:69-77. [PMID: 34728151 PMCID: PMC9611904 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19),
the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2,
has claimed more than 4.4 million lives worldwide (as of 20 August 2021).
Severe cases of the disease often result in respiratory distress due to
cytokine storm, and mechanical ventilation is required. Although, the
lungs are the primary organs affected by the disease, more evidence on
damage to the heart, kidney, and liver is emerging. A common link in
these connections is the cardiovascular network. Inner lining of the
blood vessels, called endothelium, is formed by a single layer of
endothelial cells. Several clinical manifestations involving the
endothelium have been reported, such as its activation via
immunomodulation, endotheliitis, thrombosis, vasoconstriction, and
distinct intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA), a unique and rapid process of
blood-vessel formation by splitting a vessel into two lumens. In fact,
the virus directly infects the endothelium via TMPRSS2 spike glycoprotein
priming to facilitate ACE-2-mediated viral entry. Recent studies have
indicated a significant increase in remodeling of the pulmonary vascular
bed via intussusception in patients with COVID-19. However, the lack of
circulatory biomarkers for IA limits its detection in COVID-19
pathogenesis. In this review, we describe the implications of
angiogenesis in COVID-19, unique features of the pulmonary vascular bed
and its remodeling, and a rapid and non-invasive assessment of IA to
overcome the technical limitations in patients with
COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra K Jadaun
- Hepatology, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Burdwan, Golap Bag Campus, Burdwan, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
El Masri R, Crétinon Y, Gout E, Vivès RR. HS and Inflammation: A Potential Playground for the Sulfs? Front Immunol 2020; 11:570. [PMID: 32318065 PMCID: PMC7147386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a complex polysaccharide abundantly found in extracellular matrices and cell surfaces. HS participates in major cellular processes, through its ability to bind and modulate a wide array of signaling proteins. HS/ligand interactions involve saccharide domains of specific sulfation pattern. Assembly of such domains is orchestrated by a complex biosynthesis machinery and their structure is further regulated at the cell surface by post-synthetic modifying enzymes. Amongst them, extracellular sulfatases of the Sulf family catalyze the selective removal of 6-O-sulfate groups, which participate in the binding of many proteins. As such, increasing interest arose on the regulation of HS biological properties by the Sulfs. However, studies of the Sulfs have so far been essentially restricted to the fields of development and tumor progression. The aim of this review is to survey recent data of the literature on the still poorly documented role of the Sulfs during inflammation, and to widen the perspectives for the study of this intriguing regulatory mechanism toward new physiopathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana El Masri
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Yoann Crétinon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Evelyne Gout
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Romain R Vivès
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Groux-Degroote S, Cavdarli S, Uchimura K, Allain F, Delannoy P. Glycosylation changes in inflammatory diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 119:111-156. [PMID: 31997767 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most important modifications of proteins and lipids, and cell surface glycoconjugates are thought to play important roles in a variety of biological functions including cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions, bacterial adhesion, cell immunogenicity and cell signaling. Alterations of glycosylation are observed in a number of inflammatory diseases. Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to modulate cell surface glycosylation by regulating the expression of glycosyltransferases and sulfotransferases involved in the biosynthesis of glycan chains, inducing the expression of specific carbohydrate antigens at the cell surface that can be recognized by different types of lectins or by bacterial adhesins, contributing to the development of diseases. Glycosylation can also regulate biological functions of immune cells by recruiting leukocytes to inflammation sites with pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. Cell surface proteoglycans provide a large panel of binding sites for many mediators of inflammation, and regulate their bio-availability and functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the glycosylation changes occurring in mucin type O-linked glycans, glycosaminoglycans, as well as in glycosphingolipids, with a particular focus on cystic fibrosis and neurodegenerative diseases, and their consequences on cell interactions and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Groux-Degroote
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sumeyye Cavdarli
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Allain
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wyler E, Franke V, Menegatti J, Kocks C, Boltengagen A, Praktiknjo S, Walch-Rückheim B, Bosse J, Rajewsky N, Grässer F, Akalin A, Landthaler M. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of herpes simplex virus 1-infected cells connects NRF2 activation to an antiviral program. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4878. [PMID: 31653857 PMCID: PMC6814756 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12894-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpesvirus infection initiates a range of perturbations in the host cell, which remain poorly understood at the level of individual cells. Here, we quantify the transcriptome of single human primary fibroblasts during the first hours of lytic infection with HSV-1. By applying a generalizable analysis scheme, we define a precise temporal order of early viral gene expression and propose a set-wise emergence of viral genes. We identify host cell genes and pathways relevant for infection by combining three different computational approaches: gene and pathway overdispersion analysis, prediction of cell-state transition probabilities, as well as future cell states. One transcriptional program, which correlates with increased resistance to infection, implicates the transcription factor NRF2. Consequently, Bardoxolone methyl and Sulforaphane, two known NRF2 agonists, impair virus production, suggesting that NRF2 activation restricts viral infection. Our study provides insights into early stages of HSV-1 infection and serves as a general blueprint for the investigation of heterogeneous cell states in virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Wyler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vedran Franke
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Menegatti
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical School, Kirrbergerstrasse Haus, 4766421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christine Kocks
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anastasiya Boltengagen
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Praktiknjo
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Walch-Rückheim
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human und Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jens Bosse
- Heinrich Pette Institute (HPI), Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grässer
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical School, Kirrbergerstrasse Haus, 4766421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Altuna Akalin
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Markus Landthaler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- IRI Life Sciences, Institute für Biologie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Denys A, Allain F. The Emerging Roles of Heparan Sulfate 3- O-Sulfotransferases in Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:507. [PMID: 31249810 PMCID: PMC6582251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration in the expression of heparan sulfate (HS)-modifying enzymes has been frequently observed in cancer. Consequently, dysregulation of the HS biosynthetic machinery results in dramatic changes in the HS structure, thereby impacting a range of pivotal cellular processes involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and immune escape. HS 3-O-sulfotransferases (HS3STs) catalyse the maturation step of glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfation within HS chains. Although seven HS3ST isozymes have been described in human, 3-O-sulfation is a rare modification and only a few biological processes have been described to be influenced by 3-O-sulfated HS. An aberrant expression of HS3STs has been reported in a variety of cancers. Thus, it was suggested that changes in the expression of these enzymes as a result of tumorigenesis or tumor growth may critically influence cancer cell behavior. In accordance with this assumption, a number of studies have documented the epigenetic repression of HS3ST2 and HS3ST3A in many cancers. However, the situation is not so clear, and there is accumulating evidence that HS3ST2, HS3ST3A, HS3ST3B, and HS3ST4 may also act as tumor-promoting enzymes in a number of cancer cells depending on their phenotypes and molecular signatures. In this mini-review, we focus on the recent insights regarding the abnormal expression of HS3STs in cancer and discuss the functional consequences on tumor cell behavior. In term of clinical outcome, further investigations are needed to explore the potential value of HS3STs and/or their 3-O-sulfated products as targets for therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Denys
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Allain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Pro-Tumoral Activity of Heparan Sulfate 3- O-Sulfotransferase 3B (HS3ST3B) in Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells Is Dependent on the Expression of Neuropilin-1. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102718. [PMID: 30360368 PMCID: PMC6222811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferases (HS3STs) catalyze the maturation step of heparan sulfate (HS) 3-O-sulfation. This modification is relatively rare. Moreover, only a few biological processes have been described to be influenced by 3-O-sulfated HS, and few ligands have been identified so far. Among them, neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) was reported to exhibit tumor-promoting properties by enhancing the action of various growth factors. We recently demonstrated that transient overexpression of HS3ST2, 3B or 4 enhanced the proliferation of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and promote efficient protection against pro-apoptotic stimuli. Hence, we hypothesized that the pro-tumoral activity of these HS3STs could depend on the expression of Nrp1. To test this, MDA-MB-231 cells were stably transfected with a construct encoding HS3ST3B and the expression of Nrp1 was down-regulated by RNA interference. First, we confirmed that stable expression of HS3ST3B effectively increased cell proliferation and viability. Silencing the expression of Nrp1 markedly attenuated the promoting effects of HS3ST3B, while the same treatment had only a moderate effect on the behavior of the parental cells. Altogether, our findings support the idea that the tumor-promoting effects of HS3ST3B could be dependent on the expression of Nrp1 in cancer cells.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hellec C, Delos M, Carpentier M, Denys A, Allain F. The heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferases (HS3ST) 2, 3B and 4 enhance proliferation and survival in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194676. [PMID: 29547633 PMCID: PMC5856405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferases (HS3STs) catalyze the final maturation step of heparan sulfates. Although seven HS3ST isozymes have been described in human, 3-O-sulfation is a relatively rare modification, and only a few biological processes have been described to be influenced by 3-O-sulfated motifs. A conflicting literature has recently reported that HS3ST2, 3A, 3B and 4 may exhibit either tumor-promoting or anti-oncogenic properties, depending on the model used and cancer cell phenotype. Hence, we decided to compare the consequences of the overexpression of each of these HS3STs in the same cellular model. We demonstrated that, unlike HS3ST3A, the other three isozymes enhanced the proliferation of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 cells. Moreover, the colony forming capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells was markedly increased by the expression of HS3ST2, 3B and 4. No notable difference was observed between the three isozymes, meaning that the modifications catalyzed by each HS3ST had the same functional impact on cell behavior. We then demonstrated that overexpression of HS3ST2, 3B and 4 was accompanied by increased activation of c-Src, Akt and NF-κB and up-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins survivin and XIAP. In line with these findings, we showed that HS3ST-transfected cells are more resistant to cell death induction by pro-apoptotic stimuli or NK cells. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that HS3ST2, 3B and 4 share the same pro-tumoral activity and support the idea that these HS3STs could compensate each other for loss of their expression depending on the molecular signature of cancer cells and/or changes in the tumor environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Hellec
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Maxime Delos
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Mathieu Carpentier
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Agnès Denys
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Allain
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yue X. Epithelial Deletion of Sulf2 Exacerbates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury, Inflammation, and Mortality. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:560-569. [PMID: 28657777 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0367oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial injury has been proposed to be the initiating factor in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We have shown previously that heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase (Sulf) 2 is overexpressed in the hyperplastic type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in the IPF lungs. By removing 6-O-sulfates from specific heparan sulfate intrachain sites, Sulf2 modulates the functions of many growth factors and cytokines. In this study, we hypothesized that Sulf2 plays a regulatory role in alveolar epithelial injury and repair, using the murine bleomycin model. Consistent with our findings in human IPF lungs, bleomycin treatment in mice resulted in up-regulation of Sulf2 mRNA in whole-lung extracts and overexpression of Sulf2 protein in type II AECs on lung tissue sections. Sulf2 protein was detectable in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at baseline, and its level was significantly increased after bleomycin exposure. To study the role of Sulf2 in alveolar injury and repair in vivo, we generated a doxycycline-inducible epithelial-specific Sulf2 conditional knockout (Sulf2 CKO) mouse line. After bleomycin exposure, Sulf2 CKO mice exhibited enhanced neutrophil infiltration in the lung, with elevated levels of total protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and cytokines (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interferon-γ-inducible protein 10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with wild-type littermates. We further showed that both the p53-p21 DNA damage response and the transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway were up-regulated in Sulf2 CKO mice compared with wild-type. Finally, Sulf2 CKO mice suffered increased mortality after bleomycin exposure. In conclusion, Sulf2 expression in type II AECs plays a protective role in epithelial injury, inflammation and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|