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The competitive mechanism between photoisomerization and excited state intramolecular proton transfer process of 2′-Hydroxychalcone system. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2
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Solórzano ER, Pastore P, Dolmella A, Cazorla S, Cassará MLA, Sankaran SV, Thamotharan S, Gil DM. Importance of R-CH3⋯O tetrel bonding and vinyl⋯aryl stacking interactions in stabilizing the crystal packing of 2’,4’-dihydroxy-3’-methoxychalcone: Exploration of antileishmanial activity and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Shang C, Zhang Y, Sun C, Wang L. Tactfully improve the antioxidant activity of 2′-hydroxychalcone with the strategy of substituent, solvent and intramolecular hydrogen bond effects. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Okoye I, Yu S, Caruso F, Rossi M. X-ray Structure Determination, Antioxidant Voltammetry Studies of Butein and 2',4'-Dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone. Computational Studies of 4 Structurally Related 2',4'-diOH Chalcones to Examine Their Antimalarial Activity by Binding to Falcipain-2. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216511. [PMID: 34770920 PMCID: PMC8588236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a huge global health burden with resistance to currently available medicines resulting in the search for newer antimalarial compounds from traditional medicinal plants in malaria-endemic regions. Previous studies on two chalcones, homobutein and 5-prenylbutein, present in E. abyssinica, have shown moderate antiplasmodial activity. Here, we describe results from experimental and computational investigations of four structurally related chalcones, butein, 2′,4′-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone (DHDM), homobutein and 5-prenylbutein to elucidate possible molecular mechanisms by which these compounds clear malaria parasites. The crystal structures of butein and DHDM show that butein engages in more hydrogen bonding and consequently, more intermolecular interactions than DHDM. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry results show that butein has a higher antioxidant activity towards the superoxide radical anion compared to DHDM. Computational docking experiments were conducted to examine the inhibitory potential of all four compounds on falcipain-2, a cysteine protease that is involved in the degradation of hemoglobin in plasmodium-infected red blood cells of the host. Overall, this work suggests butein as a better antimalarial compound due to its structural features which allow it to have greater intermolecular interactions, higher antioxidant activity and to create a covalent complex at the active site of falcipain-2.
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Welday Kahssay S, Hailu GS, Taye Desta K. Design, Synthesis, Characterization and in vivo Antidiabetic Activity Evaluation of Some Chalcone Derivatives. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3119-3129. [PMID: 34305396 PMCID: PMC8297477 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s316185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is one of the growing health problems worldwide, and scientists have been striving to find effective treatment methods. In this regard, chalcones have frequently been targeted by many researchers owing to their diverse biological activities. Methods Here, the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction was applied to synthesize five chalcone derivatives. The chalcone derivatives were evaluated for their relative antidiabetic activities in vivo using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Besides, the compounds were assessed for their reduction in postprandial hyperglycemia at 50 and 100 mg/kg dose levels against a standard drug, glibenclamide. In addition, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) was analyzed to determine the effect of structural modification in chalcones activity. Results A dose-dependent reduction in postprandial hyperglycemia was observed. The highest reduction in blood glucose level (BGL) was achieved by compound 3 at a dose of 100 mg/kg (39%). This was found to be even higher than glibenclamide (34.5%). In the STZ-induced diabetic animal model, all test compounds showed comparable efficacy with glibenclamide. The SAR analysis revealed that the incorporation of electron-donating groups at position 5 of the benzaldehyde ring and position 2 of the acetophenone ring is promising to increase the antihyperglycemic activities of chalcones. Conclusion The chalcone derivatives considered in this study could be used as potential lead compounds in the discovery of effective drugs to treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semere Welday Kahssay
- Mizan-Tepi University, College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremedhin Solomon Hailu
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kebede Taye Desta
- Adama Science and Technology University, College of Applied Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama, Ethiopia
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6
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Gomes LR, Low JN, Turner AB, Wardell JL. Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and Pixel calculations of the monohydrate of ( E)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one: occurrence of π interactions. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A detailed structural analysis has been carried out on the monohydrate of (E)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, 1·H
2
O. The molecule, 1, shows a small deviation from planarity with an interplanar angle between the phenyl groups of 13.32(6)°. Classical O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the water molecule play significant roles in determining the overall structure. The chalcone molecules in the structure are linked directly by C–H⋯O and off-set face-to-face π⋯π intermolecular interactions, as well as indirectly via interactions involving the water molecule in an elaborate spiralling hydrogen bonding scheme. The relative contributions of various intermolecular contacts were investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the associated two dimensional fingerprint plots. Pairs of molecules were identified in the crystal structure using the Pixel method. The Pixel lattice energy calculations revealed that the dispersion and the Coulombic components were the major contributors to the packing stabilization. Comparisons were made between the structures of 1·H
2
O and hydroxylated (E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-one derivatives, in particular in regards to the participation of π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia R. Gomes
- FP-ENAS-Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde da UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa , Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, P-4200-150 Porto , Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica , REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - John N. Low
- Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Meston Walk , Old Aberdeen , AB24 3UE Scotland , UK
| | - Alan B. Turner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Meston Walk , Old Aberdeen , AB24 3UE Scotland , UK
| | - James L. Wardell
- Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Meston Walk , Old Aberdeen , AB24 3UE Scotland , UK
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos e Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
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Véras JH, do Vale CR, da Silva Lima DC, dos Anjos MM, Bernardes A, de Moraes Filho AV, e Silva CR, de Oliveira GR, Pérez CN, Chen-Chen L. Modulating effect of a hydroxychalcone and a novel coumarin–chalcone hybrid against mitomycin-induced genotoxicity in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:775-784. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1776314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Hollanda Véras
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Camila Regina do Vale
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Bernardes
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Aroldo Vieira de Moraes Filho
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ribeiro e Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Chalcones and Flavanones Bearing Hydroxyl and/or Methoxyl Groups: Synthesis and Biological Assessments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones and flavanones are isomeric structures and also classes of natural products, belonging to the flavonoid family. Moreover, their wide range of biological activities makes them key scaffolds for the synthesis of new and more efficient drugs. In this work, the synthesis of hydroxy and/or methoxychalcones was studied using less common bases, such as sodium hydride (NaH) and lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiHMDS), in the aldol condensation. The results show that the use of NaH was more effective for the synthesis of 2′-hydroxychalcone derivatives, while LiHMDS led to the synthesis of polyhydroxylated chalcones in a one-pot process. During this study, it was also possible to establish the conditions that favor their isomerization into flavanones, allowing at the same time the synthesis of hydroxy and/or methoxyflavanones. The chalcones and flavanones obtained were evaluated to disclose their antioxidant, anticholinesterasic, antibacterial and antitumor activities. 2′,4′,4-Trihydroxychalcone was the most active compound in terms of antioxidant, anti-butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 26.55 ± 0.55 μg/mL, similar to control drug donepezil, IC50 28.94 ± 1.76 μg/mL) and antimicrobial activity. 4′,7-Dihydroxyflavanone presented dual inhibition, that is, the ability to inhibit both cholinesterases. 4′-Hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 2′-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone were the compounds with the best antitumor activity. The substitution pattern and the biological assay results allowed the establishment of some structure/activity relationships.
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Stepanić V, Matijašić M, Horvat T, Verbanac D, Kučerová-Chlupáčová M, Saso L, Žarković N. Antioxidant Activities of Alkyl Substituted Pyrazine Derivatives of Chalcones-In Vitro and In Silico Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040090. [PMID: 30959820 PMCID: PMC6523444 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are polyphenolic secondary metabolites of plants, many of which have antioxidant activity. Herein, a set of 26 synthetic chalcone derivatives with alkyl substituted pyrazine heterocycle A and four types of the monophenolic ring B, were evaluated for the potential radical scavenging and antioxidant cellular capacity influencing the growth of cells exposed to H2O2. Before that, compounds were screened for cytotoxicity on THP-1 and HepG2 cell lines. Most of them were not cytotoxic in an overnight MTS assay. However, three of them, 4a, 4c and 4e showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●) radical scavenging activity, through single electron transfer followed by a proton transfer (SET-PT) mechanism as revealed by density functional theory (DFT) modeling. DFT modeling of radical scavenging mechanisms was done at the SMD//(U)M052X/6-311++G** level. The in vitro effects of 4a, 4c and 4e on the growth of THP-1 cells during four days pre- or post-treatment with H2O2 were examined daily with the trypan blue exclusion assay. Their various cellular effects reflect differences in their radical scavenging capacity and molecular lipophilicity (clogP) and depend upon the cellular redox status. The applied simple in vitro-in silico screening cascade enables fast identification and initial characterization of potent radical scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Višnja Stepanić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Mario Matijašić
- Department for Intercellular Communication, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research and Croatian Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tea Horvat
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Donatella Verbanac
- Department for Intercellular Communication, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research and Croatian Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marta Kučerová-Chlupáčová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Neven Žarković
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Rossi M, Caruso F, Kwok L, Lee G, Caruso A, Gionfra F, Candelotti E, Belli SL, Molasky N, Raley-Susman KM, Leone S, Filipský T, Tofani D, Pedersen J, Incerpi S. Protection by extra virgin olive oil against oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Chemical and biological studies on the health benefits due to a major component of the Mediterranean diet. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189341. [PMID: 29283995 PMCID: PMC5746230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the results of in vivo studies in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes in which addition of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) to their diet significantly increased their life span with respect to the control group. Furthermore, when nematodes were exposed to the pesticide paraquat, they started to die after two days, but after the addition of EVOO to their diet, both survival percentage and lifespans of paraquat-exposed nematodes increased. Since paraquat is associated with superoxide radical production, a test for scavenging this radical was performed using cyclovoltammetry and the EVOO efficiently scavenged the superoxide. Thus, a linear correlation (y = -0.0838x +19.73, regression factor = 0.99348) was observed for superoxide presence (y) in the voltaic cell as a function of aliquot (x) additions of EVOO, 10 μL each. The originally generated supoeroxide was approximately halved after 10 aliquots (100 μL total). The superoxide scavenging ability was analyzed, theoretically, using Density Functional Theory for tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, two components of EVOO and was also confirmed experimentally for the galvinoxyl radical, using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The galvinoxyl signal disappeared after adding 1 μL of EVOO to the EPR cell in 10 minutes. In addition, EVOO significantly decreased the proliferation of human leukemic THP-1 cells, while it kept the proliferation at about normal levels in rat L6 myoblasts, a non-tumoral skeletal muscle cell line. The protection due to EVOO was also assessed in L6 cells and THP-1 exposed to the radical generator cumene hydroperoxide, in which cell viability was reduced. Also in this case the oxidative stress was ameliorated by EVOO, in line with results obtained with tetrazolium dye reduction assays, cell cycle analysis and reactive oxygen species measurements. We ascribe these beneficial effects to EVOO antioxidant properties and our results are in agreement with a clear health benefit of EVOO use in the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Rossi
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Francesco Caruso
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Lorraine Kwok
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Grace Lee
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Alessio Caruso
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Fabio Gionfra
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Stuart L. Belli
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Nora Molasky
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Tomáš Filipský
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Tofani
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Jens Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Incerpi
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
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Menezes JCJMDS, Orlikova B, Morceau F, Diederich M. Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Chemotherapeutic Potential for the Treatment of Leukemia. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56 Suppl 1:S4-S28. [PMID: 26463658 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1074532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids and their derivatives are polyphenolic secondary metabolites with an extensive spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antioxidants, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. These flavonoids can also act as chemopreventive agents by their interaction with different proteins and can play a vital role in chemotherapy, suggesting a positive correlation between a lower risk of cancer and a flavonoid-rich diet. These agents interfere with the main hallmarks of cancer by various individual mechanisms, such as inhibition of cell growth and proliferation by arresting the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis and differentiation, or a combination of these mechanisms. This review is an effort to highlight the therapeutic potential of natural and synthetic flavonoids as anticancer agents in leukemia treatment with respect to the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and their molecular mechanisms. Induction of cell death mechanisms, production of reactive oxygen species, and drug resistance mechanisms, including p-glycoprotein efflux, are among the best-described effects triggered by the flavonoid polyphenol family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbora Orlikova
- b Department of Pharmacy , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , South Korea.,c Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Franck Morceau
- c Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- b Department of Pharmacy , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , South Korea
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Lima DCDS, do Vale CR, Véras JH, Bernardes A, Pérez CN, Chen-Chen L. Absence of genotoxic effects of the chalcone (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one) and its potential chemoprevention against DNA damage using in vitro and in vivo assays. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171224. [PMID: 28207781 PMCID: PMC5312962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The chalcone (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one), or 2HMC, displays antileishmanial, antimalarial, and antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and protective effects of 2HMC using the Ames mutagenicity test, the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, and the comet assay in mice. In the assessment using the Ames test, 2HMC did not increase the number of His+ revertants in Salmonella typhimurium strains, demonstrating lack of mutagenicity. 2HMC showed no significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte frequency (MNPCE) in the micronucleus test, or in DNA strand breaks using the comet assay, evidencing absence of genotoxicity. Regarding cytotoxicity, 2HMC exhibited moderate cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow cells by micronucleus test. 2HMC showed antimutagenic action in co-administration with the positive controls, sodium azide (SA) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), in the Ames test. Co-administered and mainly pre-administered with cyclophosphamide (CPA), 2HMC caused a decrease in the frequency of MNPCE using the micronucleus test and in DNA strand breaks using the comet assay. Thus, 2HMC exhibited antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects, displaying a DNA-protective effect against CPA, SA, and 4NQO carcinogens. In conclusion, 2HMC presented antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and moderate cytotoxic effects; therefore it is a promising molecule for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Regina do Vale
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Hollanda Véras
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Bernardes
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Caridad Noda Pérez
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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The Plant-Derived Chalcone 2,2',5'-Trihydroxychalcone Provides Neuroprotection against Toll-Like Receptor 4 Triggered Inflammation in Microglia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6301712. [PMID: 26798424 PMCID: PMC4699027 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6301712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones are plant metabolites with potential for therapeutic exploitation as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative agents. Here we explored the neuroprotective effects of 2,2',5'-trihydroxychalcone (225THC), a potent antioxidant with radical-scavenging properties. 225THC was found to be a potent inhibitor of apoptosis in stimulated primary rat neuronal cultures. This was likely mediated by an anti-inflammatory effect on microglial cells since 225THC inhibited LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-6 secretion from primary rat microglia and modulated the cytokine/chemokine profile of BV2 microglial cells. Additionally, 225THC inhibited LPS-evoked inducible nitric oxide synthase expression but did not influence endogenous superoxide generation. Microglial flow cytometric analyses indicated the 225THC treatment induced a shift from an M1-like phenotype to a more downregulated microglial profile. Taken together these data suggest that the chalcone 2,2',5'-trihydroxychalcone can modulate neuroinflammatory activation in brain-derived microglia and holds promise as a therapeutic in neuroinflammatory conditions.
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