1
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Damiani D, Tiribelli M. CAR-T Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Where Do We Stand? Biomedicines 2024; 12:1194. [PMID: 38927401 PMCID: PMC11200794 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unsatisfactory due to disease recurrence and the development of resistance to both conventional and novel therapies. Engineered T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on their cellular surface represent one of the most promising anticancer agents. CAR-T cells are increasingly used in patients with B cell malignancies, with remarkable clinical results despite some immune-related toxicities. However, at present, the role of CAR-T cells in myeloid neoplasms, including AML, is extremely limited, as specific molecular targets for immune cells are generally lacking on AML blasts. Besides the paucity of dispensable targets, as myeloid antigens are often co-expressed on normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with potentially intolerable myeloablation, the AML microenvironment is hostile to T cell proliferation due to inhibitory soluble factors. In addition, the rapidly progressive nature of the disease further complicates the use of CAR-T in AML. This review discusses the current state of CAR-T cell therapy in AML, including the still scanty clinical evidence and the potential approaches to overcome its limitations, including genetic modifications and combinatorial strategies, to make CAR-T cell therapy an effective option for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Damiani
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mario Tiribelli
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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2
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Gao C, Li X, Xu Y, Zhang T, Zhu H, Yao D. Recent advances in CAR-T cell therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18369. [PMID: 38712978 PMCID: PMC11075639 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a fatal and refractory haematologic cancer that primarily affects adults. It interferes with bone marrow cell proliferation. Patients have a 5 years survival rate of less than 30% despite the availability of several treatments, including chemotherapy, allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT), and receptor antagonist drugs. Allo-HSCT is the mainstay of acute myeloid leukaemia treatment. Although it does work, there are severe side effects, such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have made significant progress in the treatment of cancer. These engineered T cells can locate and recognize tumour cells in vivo and release a large number of effectors through immune action to effectively kill tumour cells. CAR-T cells are among the most effective cancer treatments because of this property. CAR-T cells have demonstrated positive therapeutic results in the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, according to numerous clinical investigations. This review highlights recent progress in new targets for AML immunotherapy, and the limitations, and difficulties of CAR-T therapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Gao
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xin Li
- College of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Institute of Biology and MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Haichuan Zhu
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Di Yao
- College of Life Science and HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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3
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Anastasi E, Farina A, Granato T, Colaiacovo F, Pucci B, Tartaglione S, Angeloni A. Recent Insight about HE4 Role in Ovarian Cancer Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10479. [PMID: 37445657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, ovarian cancer (OC) is a target of intense biomarkers research because of its frequent late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Serum determination of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a very important early detection test. Most interestingly, HE4 plays a unique role in OC as it has been implicated not only in OC diagnosis but also in the prognosis and recurrence of this lethal neoplasm, actually acting as a clinical biomarker. There are several evidence about the predictive power of HE4 clinically, conversely less has been described concerning its role in OC oncogenesis. Based on these considerations, the main goal of this review is to clarify the role of HE4 in OC proliferation, angiogenesis, metastatization, immune response and also in the development of targeted therapy. Through a deeper understanding of its functions as a key molecule in the oncogenetic processes underlying OC, HE4 could be possibly considered as an essential resource not only for diagnosis but also for prognosis and therapy choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Anastasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Farina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Granato
- CNR-IBPM, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Colaiacovo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Pucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Tartaglione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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4
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Nie X, Liu D, Zheng M, Li X, Liu O, Guo Q, Zhu L, Lin B. HERPUD1 promotes ovarian cancer cell survival by sustaining autophagy and inhibit apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1338. [PMID: 36544104 PMCID: PMC9769045 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HERPUD1 is an important early marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and is involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of several unfolded proteins. However, its role in tumorigenesis is seldom studied, and its role in ovarian cancer is unclear. Lewis y antigen is a tumor-associated sugar antigen that acts as an 'antenna' on the cell surface to receive signals from both inside and outside the cell. We previously reported that Lewis y can promote ovarian cancer by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis. In this study, we detect the expression of HERPUD1 and Lewis y antigens in 119 different ovarian cancer tissues, determine their relationship with clinicopathological parameters, analyze the correlation between these two proteins, and explore the related cancer-promoting mechanisms through MTT, flow cytometry, western blotting, and bioinformatics. HERPUD1 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer, especially in the early stage, and the expression of HERPUD1 and Lewis y antigen was positively correlated. After overexpression of Lewis y antigen, the expression level of HERPUD1 increased. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (KEGG) analysis showed that HERPUD1 and its related genes are enriched in regulating immunity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ubiquitin-dependent degradation, ERS-induced apoptosis, and other key signaling pathways. We also clarified the HERPUD1 network of kinases, microRNA and transcription factor targets, and the impact of HERPUD1 mutations on prognosis. In addition, HERPUD1 promotes the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, inhibits apoptosis, affects the cell cycle, promotes the occurrence of autophagy, and inhibits EMT and PI3K/AKT/mTOR and p38MAPK pathways. Overall, HERPUD1, regulated by the expression of tumor-associated protein Lewis y, promotes cell survival in the early stages of tumors, suggesting that HERPUD1 may play an important role in the development of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Nie
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Dawo Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingjun Zheng
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiao Li
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ouxuan Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Lin
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 China ,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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Schorr C, Perna F. Targets for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1085978. [PMID: 36605213 PMCID: PMC9809466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive myeloid malignancy associated with high mortality rates (less than 30% 5-year survival). Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning leukemogenesis, standard-of-care therapeutic approaches have not changed over the last couple of decades. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting CD19 has shown remarkable clinical outcomes for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is now an FDA-approved therapy. Targeting of myeloid malignancies that are CD19-negative with this promising technology remains challenging largely due to lack of alternate target antigens, complex clonal heterogeneity, and the increased recognition of an immunosuppressive bone marrow. We carefully reviewed a comprehensive list of AML targets currently being used in both proof-of-concept pre-clinical and experimental clinical settings. We analyzed the expression profile of these molecules in leukemic as well normal tissues using reliable protein databases and data reported in the literature and we provide an updated overview of the current clinical trials with CAR T-cells in AML. Our study represents a state-of-art review of the field and serves as a potential guide for selecting known AML-associated targets for adoptive cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Schorr
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Fabiana Perna
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States,*Correspondence: Fabiana Perna,
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Interaction between TMEFF1 and AHNAK proteins in ovarian cancer cells: Implications for clinical prognosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108726. [PMID: 35338959 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
TMEFF1 is a newly discovered protein involved in the physiological functions of the central nervous system, embryonic development, and other biological processes. Our previous study revealed that TMEFF1 acts as a tumor-promoting gene in ovarian cancer. AHNAK, as a giant scaffolding protein, plays a role in the formation of the blood-brain barrier, cell architecture and the regulation of cardiac calcium channels. However, its role in ovarian cancer remains poorly researched. In this study, we detected the expression of AHNAK and TMEFF1 in 148 different ovarian cancer tissues, determined their relationship with pathological parameters and prognosis, clarified the interaction between the two proteins, and explored the related cancer-promoting mechanisms through immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence double staining, western blotting, and bioinformatics. The high expression of ANHAK and TMEFF1 in ovarian cancer indicated a higher degree of tumor malignancy and a worse prognosis. Furthermore, the expression of TMEFF1 and AHNAK was significantly positively correlated. The results also showed that AHNAK and TMEFF1 co-localized and interacted with each other in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. And knockdown of AHNAK promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that AHNAK and related genes were enriched during mitosis regulation, cytoskeleton formation, gene epigenetics, etc., whereas TMEFF1 and related genes are enriched during immune regulation and other processes. We also clarified the network of kinases, microRNA, and transcription factor targets, and the impact of genetic mutations on prognosis. Notably, AHNAK was regulated by the expression of TMEFF1 and can activate the MAPK pathways. Overall, high expression of AHNAK and TMEFF1 in ovarian cancer cells indicated a higher degree of tumor malignancy and a worse prognosis. Therefore, the interaction between AHNAK and TMEFF1 may become a potential anti-tumor target for ovarian cancer treatment.
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7
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Hwang WY, Suh DH, Kim K, Kim YB, No JH. Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 as a Prognostic Marker in Cervical Cancer. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221097778. [PMID: 35506739 PMCID: PMC9072869 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221097778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective is to evaluate the prognostic value of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) as a tumor marker in patients with cervical cancer. METHODS Sixty-seven patients with cervical cancer treated at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from September 2014 to May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Serum HE4 levels were measured by immunoassay before starting primary treatment. A mean serum HE4 level of 72.6 pmol/L was used to divide the patients into low and high HE4 groups. Patient characteristics, clinicopathological variables, and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The low and high HE4 groups included 55 (82.1%) and 12 (17.9%) patients at diagnosis, respectively. Higher HE4 levels were significantly associated with older age at diagnosis (age <50: .0% vs age ≥50: 100.0%; P = .002), menopause (premenopause: 8.3% vs postmenopause: 91.7%; P = .009), higher FIGO stage (stage I-II: 33.3% vs III-IV: 66.7%; P = .017), large tumor size (<4.0 cm: 41.7% vs ≥4.0 cm: 58.3%; P = .029), positive lymph node metastasis (negative: 41.7% vs positive: 58.3%; P = .049), and involvement of the parametrium (negative: 25.0% vs positive: 75.0%; P = .002). Higher HE4 level was a predictive factor for worse overall survival but not for progression-free survival. Elevated HE4 levels were not independent factors for the prediction of either overall survival or progression-free survival. Subgroup analysis by histological type revealed similar results for patients with squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS High levels of HE4 expression correlated with poor overall survival, indicating that elevated HE4 levels are associated with a poor prognosis for patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yeon Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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James NE, Emerson JB, Borgstadt AD, Beffa L, Oliver MT, Hovanesian V, Urh A, Singh RK, Rowswell-Turner R, DiSilvestro PA, Ou J, Moore RG, Ribeiro JR. The biomarker HE4 (WFDC2) promotes a pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via regulation of STAT3 target genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8558. [PMID: 32444701 PMCID: PMC7244765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy arising from the fallopian tubes that has a high rate of chemoresistant recurrence and low five-year survival rate. The ovarian cancer biomarker HE4 is known to promote proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and suppression of cytotoxic lymphocytes. In this study, we sought to examine the effects of HE4 on signaling within diverse cell types that compose the tumor microenvironment. HE4 was found to activate STAT3 signaling and promote upregulation of the pro-angiogenic STAT3 target genes IL8 and HIF1A in immune cells, ovarian cancer cells, and endothelial cells. Moreover, HE4 promoted increases in tube formation in an in vitro model of angiogenesis, which was also dependent upon STAT3 signaling. Clinically, HE4 and IL8 levels positively correlated in ovarian cancer patient tissue. Furthermore, HE4 serum levels correlated with microvascular density in EOC tissue and inversely correlated with cytotoxic T cell infiltration, suggesting that HE4 may cause deregulated blood vessel formation and suppress proper T cell trafficking in tumors. Collectively, this study shows for the first time that HE4 has the ability to affect signaling events and gene expression in multiple cell types of the tumor microenvironment, which could contribute to angiogenesis and altered immunogenic responses in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E James
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jenna B Emerson
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ashley D Borgstadt
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lindsey Beffa
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Matthew T Oliver
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Virginia Hovanesian
- Rhode Island Hospital, Digital Imaging and Analysis Core Facility, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anze Urh
- Northwell Health Physician Partners Gynecologic Oncology, Brightwaters, NY, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Paul A DiSilvestro
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Joyce Ou
- Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Pathology, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Jennifer R Ribeiro
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA. .,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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9
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Li H, Tan L, Zhang JW, Chen H, Liang B, Qiu T, Li QS, Cai M, Zhang QH. Quercetin is the Active Component of Yang-Yin-Qing-Fei-Tang to Induce Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:879-893. [PMID: 31179723 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Yang-Yin-Qing-Fei-Tang (YYQFT) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, bronchitis, cytomegaloviral pneumonia, but the mechanisms of the medicine are not clear. This study aimed to identify the active components of YYQFT and elucidate the underlying mechanism on non-small cell lung cancer. First, YYQFT was extracted with different solvents, and then the most effective extract was determined by assessing their effects on non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. Second, several active compounds from YYQFT were identified, and quercetin was the one of the important active ingredients. Subsequently, the in vivo antitumor activity of quercetin was confirmed in a lung cancer xenograft model in mice. 200 μ g/mL quercetin significantly reduced tumor volume without affecting body weight of the mice. Furthermore, induction of apoptosis by quercetin was detected in tumor tissues treated with quercetin. Multiple apoptosis related genes including p53, Bax and Fas were upregulated by quercetin in tumor tissue and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased accordingly. Our results demonstrated that quercetin, as the main effective component of the YYQFT, has potent inhibitory activity on non-small cell lung cancer by regulating the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Ling Tan
- † School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401311, P. R. China.,‡ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401311, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhang
- ‡ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401311, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liang
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Ting Qiu
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Song Li
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Min Cai
- * Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Hui Zhang
- ‡ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401311, P. R. China
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10
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Lou T, Zhuang H, Liu C, Zhang Z. HDAC3 positively regulates HE4 expression to promote ovarian carcinoma progression. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 675:108044. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Gao L, Zheng M, Guo Q, Nie X, Li X, Hao Y, Liu J, Zhu L, Lin B. Downregulation of Rab23 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of human ovarian cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 116:105617. [PMID: 31550546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that the expression of human epididymis protein (HE4) was correlated with the expression of RAB23 in ovarian cancer cells. Rab23 is a member of the Ras-related small GTPase superfamily, which plays a key role in the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway. However, the function of Rab23 in ovarian cancer remains unclear. In this study, we explored the location and expression of Rab23 in ovarian cancer tissues and cells (CaoV3 and A2780), and further investigated the function and potential mechanism of Rab23 in malignant biological behaviors including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in ovarian cancer for the first time. Rab23 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and associated with advanced stage, and shortened overall survival time of ovarian cancer patients. We are the first to report that human epididymis protein (HE4) can regulate the expression of the Rab23 protein, and that knockdown of RAB23 decreases the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities as well as inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, downregulation of Rab23 significantly inhibited Shh-Gli1 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Collectively, our results indicate that Rab23 plays a critical role in the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer and may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingjun Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China.
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12
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Wang A, Jin C, Tian X, Wang Y, Li H. Knockdown of HE4 suppresses aggressive cell growth and malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Biol Open 2019; 8:8/9/bio043570. [PMID: 31477564 PMCID: PMC6777355 DOI: 10.1242/bio.043570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is well known to be a predictor of ovarian cancer clinically. HE4 is reported to play crucial roles in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. The purpose of the present study was to explore its biological role and molecular mechanism in ovarian cancer. In our study, we found that expression levels of HE4 in tissues, serum and urine in ovarian cancer were upregulated compared to healthy and benign groups. HE4 expression was elevated in ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of HE4 dampened cell proliferation and Ki67 expression, as well as enhanced apoptosis, caspase-3 activity and cleaved-caspase-3 expression. In addition, HE4 downregulation repressed invasion and migration capabilities of ovarian cancer cells. Western blot analyses showed that knockdown of HE4 reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and inhibited epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cells. In vivo animal experiments revealed that HE4 downregulation constrained the growth of xenograft tumor. Mechanism research showed that knockdown HE4 inhibited the activity of JAK/STAT3 pathway in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings reported that knockdown of HE4 suppresses aggressive cell growth and malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway, which provides valuable insights to contribute to develop novel HE4-targeted therapies. Summary: Our findings reported that HE4 knockdown suppresses aggressive cell growth and malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway, which could provide a valuable insight into developing novel HE4-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
| | - Canhui Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Department of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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13
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Keeley TS, Yang S, Lau E. The Diverse Contributions of Fucose Linkages in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1241. [PMID: 31450600 PMCID: PMC6769556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is a post-translational modification of glycans, proteins, and lipids that is responsible for many biological processes. Fucose conjugation via α(1,2), α(1,3), α(1,4), α(1,6), and O'- linkages to glycans, and variations in fucosylation linkages, has important implications for cancer biology. This review focuses on the roles that fucosylation plays in cancer, specifically through modulation of cell surface proteins and signaling pathways. How L-fucose and serum fucosylation patterns might be used for future clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Keeley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Eric Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.
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14
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Ascites from Ovarian Cancer Induces Novel Fucosylated Proteins. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2019; 12:181-195. [PMID: 31267484 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-019-00227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is considered to be the most lethal type of gynecological cancer. During the advanced stages of ovarian cancer, an accumulation of ascites is observed. Fucosylation has been classified as an abnormal post-translational modification that is present in many diseases, including ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer cells that are cultured with ascites stimulation change their morphology; concomitantly, the fucosylation process is altered. However, it is not known which fucosylated proteins are modified. The goal of this work was to identify the differentially fucosylated proteins that are expressed by ovarian cancer cell lines that are cultured with ovarian cancer patients' ascites. Aleuria aurantia lectin was used to detect fucosylation, and some changes were observed, especially in the cell membrane. Affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) were used to identify 6 fucosylated proteins. Four proteins (Intermediate filament family orphan 1 [IFFO1], PHD finger protein 20-like protein 1 [PHF20L1], immunoglobulin gamma 1 heavy chain variable region partial [IGHV1-2], and Zinc finger protein 224 [ZNF224]) were obtained from cell cultures stimulated with ascites, and the other two proteins (Peregrin [BRPF1] and Dystrobrevin alpha [DTNA]) were obtained under normal culture conditions. The fucosylated state of some of these proteins was further analyzed. The experimental results show that the ascites of ovarian cancer patients modulated the fucosylation process. The PHD finger protein 20-like protein 1, Zinc finger protein 224 and Peregrin proteins colocalize with fucosylation at different levels.
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15
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Wang J, Deng L, Zhuang H, Liu J, Liu D, Li X, Jin S, Zhu L, Wang H, Lin B. Interaction of HE4 and ANXA2 exists in various malignant cells-HE4-ANXA2-MMP2 protein complex promotes cell migration. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:161. [PMID: 31210752 PMCID: PMC6567406 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and annexin A2 (Annexin A2) has been found in ovarian cancer. However, it is dimness whether
the interaction exists in other malignant tumors. Methods Real-time PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to detect mRNA and proteins expression. Co-immunoprecipitation and double-labeling immunofluorescence were used to detect the interaction among HE4, ANXA2 and MMP2. MTS assay was used to test cell proliferation. Adhesion test was used to test cell adhesion. Flow cytometry was applied to examine cell cycle. The scratch test and Transwell assay was performed to detect the migration and invasion of various malignant cell lines. Results Here we show that the overexpression of HE4 and ANXA2 in various malignant cells is a common phenomenon. HE4 and ANXA2 are co-localized in the cytoplasm and membrane of various tumor cells. ES-2 cells which had both high expression of HE4 and ANXA2 were much stronger in proliferation, adhesion, invasion, and migration than other tumor cells. HE4–ANXA2–MMP2 could form a triple protein complex. HE4 could mediate the expression of MMP2 via ANXA2 to promote cell migration progress. Conclusions The interaction of HE4 and ANXA2 exists in various types of cancer cells. HE4 and ANXA2 can promote the proliferation, adhesion, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. HE4–ANXA2–MMP2 form a protein complex and ANXA2 plays the role of “bridge”. They performed together to promote cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Lu Deng
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China.,3Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyu Zhuang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China.,4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Dawo Liu
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Xiao Li
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Shan Jin
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
| | - Huimin Wang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China.,5Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
| | - Bei Lin
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated To China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, No. 7 Mulan Road, Xihu District, Benxi, 117000 Liaoning China
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16
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James NE, Oliver MT, Ribeiro JR, Cantillo E, Rowswell-Turner RB, Kim KK, Chichester CO, DiSilvestro PA, Moore RG, Singh RK, Yano N, Zhao TC. Human Epididymis Secretory Protein 4 (HE4) Compromises Cytotoxic Mononuclear Cells via Inducing Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:216. [PMID: 30941033 PMCID: PMC6433991 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While selective overexpression of serum clinical biomarker Human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) is indicative of ovarian cancer tumorigenesis, much is still known about the mechanistic role of the HE4 gene or gene product. Here, we examine the role of the secretory glycoprotein HE4 in ovarian cancer immune evasion. Through modified subtractive hybridization analyses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we have characterized gene targets of HE4 and established a preliminary mechanism of HE4-mediated immune failure in ovarian tumors. Dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) emerged as the most upregulated gene in PBMCs upon in vitro exposure to HE4. DUSP6 was found to be upregulated in CD8+ cells and CD56+ cells. HE4 exposure reduced Erk1/2 phosphorylation specifically in these cell populations and the effect was erased by co-incubation with a DUSP6 inhibitor, (E)-2-benzylidene-3-(cyclohexylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BCI). In co-culture with PBMCs, HE4-silenced SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells exhibited enhanced proliferation upon exposure to external HE4, while this effect was partially attenuated by adding BCI to the culture. Additionally, the reversal effects of BCI were erased in the co-culture with CD8+ / CD56+ cell deprived PBMCs. Taken together, these findings show that HE4 enhances tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer by compromising cytotoxic CD8+ and CD56+ cells through upregulation of self-produced DUSP6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E James
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Matthew T Oliver
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jennifer R Ribeiro
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Evelyn Cantillo
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Rachael B Rowswell-Turner
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kyu-Kwang Kim
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | | | - Paul A DiSilvestro
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Richard G Moore
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ting C Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Providence, RI, United States
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17
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James NE, Chichester C, Ribeiro JR. Beyond the Biomarker: Understanding the Diverse Roles of Human Epididymis Protein 4 in the Pathogenesis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:124. [PMID: 29740539 PMCID: PMC5928211 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is an important clinical biomarker used for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). While much is known about the predictive power of HE4 clinically, less has been reported regarding its molecular role in the progression of EOC. A deeper understanding of HE4’s mechanistic functions may help contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies. Thus far, it has been difficult to recommend HE4 as a therapeutic target owing to the fact that its role in the progression of EOC has not been extensively evaluated. This review summarizes what is collectively known about HE4 signaling and how it functions to promote tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and metastasis in EOC, with the goal of providing valuable insights that will have the potential to aide in the development of new HE4-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E James
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Clinton Chichester
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Jennifer R Ribeiro
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
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18
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Ribeiro JR, Gaudet HM, Khan M, Schorl C, James NE, Oliver MT, DiSilvestro PA, Moore RG, Yano N. Human Epididymis Protein 4 Promotes Events Associated with Metastatic Ovarian Cancer via Regulation of the Extracelluar Matrix. Front Oncol 2018; 7:332. [PMID: 29404274 PMCID: PMC5786890 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) has received much attention recently due to its diagnostic and prognostic abilities for epithelial ovarian cancer. Since its inclusion in the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA), studies have focused on its functional effects in ovarian cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of HE4 in invasion, haptotaxis, and adhesion of ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, we sought to gain an understanding of relevant transcriptional profiles and protein kinase signaling pathways mediated by this multifunctional protein. Exposure of OVCAR8 ovarian cancer cells to recombinant HE4 (rHE4) promoted invasion, haptotaxis toward a fibronectin substrate, and adhesion onto fibronectin. Overexpression of HE4 or treatment with rHE4 led to upregulation of several transcripts coding for extracellular matrix proteins, including SERPINB2, GREM1, LAMC2, and LAMB3. Gene ontology indicated an enrichment of terms related to extracellular matrix, cell migration, adhesion, growth, and kinase phosphorylation. LAMC2 and LAMB3 protein levels were constitutively elevated in cells overexpressing HE4 and were upregulated in a time-dependent manner in cells exposed to rHE4 in the media. Deposition of laminin-332, the heterotrimer comprising LAMC2 and LAMB3 proteins, was increased in OVCAR8 cells treated with rHE4 or conditioned media from HE4-overexpressing cells. Enzymatic activity of matriptase, a serine protease that cleaves laminin-332 and contributes to its pro-migratory functional activity, was enhanced by rHE4 treatment in vitro. Proteomic analysis revealed activation of focal adhesion kinase signaling in OVCAR8 cells treated with conditioned media from HE4-overexpressing cells. Focal adhesions were increased in cells treated with rHE4 in the presence of fibronectin. These results indicate a direct role for HE4 in mediating malignant properties of ovarian cancer cells and validate the need for HE4-targeted therapies that will suppress activation of oncogenic transcriptional activation and signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Ribeiro
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women’s Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Hilary M. Gaudet
- Department of Chemistry, Wheaton College, Norton, MA, United States
| | - Mehreen Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Wheaton College, Norton, MA, United States
| | - Christoph Schorl
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Genomics Core Facility, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nicole E. James
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women’s Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Matthew T. Oliver
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women’s Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Paul A. DiSilvestro
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women’s Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Richard G. Moore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women’s Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
- Roger Williams Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Boston University Medical School, Providence, RI, United States
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19
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Chen CT, Liao WY, Hsu CC, Hsueh KC, Yang SF, Teng YH, Yu YL. FUT2 genetic variants as predictors of tumor development with hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:885-890. [PMID: 28824326 PMCID: PMC5562196 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.19734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lewis antigens related to the ABO blood group are fucosylated oligosaccharides and are synthesized by specific glycosyltransferases (FUTs). FUTs are involved in various biological processes including cell adhesion and tumor progression. The fucosyltransferase-2 gene (FUT2) encodes alpha (1,2) fucosyltransferase, which is responsible for the addition of the alpha (1,2)-linkage of fucose to glycans. Aberrant fucosylation occurs frequently during the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association of FUT2 polymorphisms with HCC development has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of FUT2 polymorphisms with demographic, etiological, and clinical characteristics and with susceptibility to HCC. In this study, a total of 339 patients and 720 controls were recruited. The genotypes of FUT2 at four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs281377, rs1047781, rs601338, and rs602662) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction from these samples. Compared with the wild-type genotype at SNP rs1047781, which is homozygous for nucleotides AA, at least one polymorphic T allele (AT or TT) displayed significant association with clinical stage (p = 0.048) and tumor size (p = 0.022). Our study strongly implicates the polymorphic locus rs1047781 of FUT2 as being associated with HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Tien Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen Ying Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia Chun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuan Chun Hsueh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbour Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying Hock Teng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Zhu L, Zhuang H, Wang H, Tan M, Schwab CL, Deng L, Gao J, Hao Y, Li X, Gao S, Liu J, Lin B. Overexpression of HE4 (human epididymis protein 4) enhances proliferation, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:729-44. [PMID: 26575020 PMCID: PMC4808029 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) related with a role in ovarian cancer tumorigenesis while little is known about the molecular mechanism alteration by HE4 up regulation. Here we reported that overexpressed HE4 promoted ovarian cancer cells proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, human whole genome gene expression profile microarrays revealed that 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were altered in response to HE4, in which MAPK signaling, ECM receptor, cell cycle, steroid biosynthesis pathways were involved. The findings suggested that overexpressed HE4 played an important role in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis and that HE4 has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Huiyu Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mingzi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8063, USA
| | - Lu Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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21
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Gao S, Zhu L, Feng H, Hu Z, Jin S, Song Z, Liu D, Liu J, Hao Y, Li X, Lin B. Gene expression profile analysis in response to α1,2-fucosyl transferase (FUT1) gene transfection in epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12251-12262. [PMID: 27240592 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to α1,2-fucosyl transferase (FUT1) gene transfection in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Human whole-genome oligonucleotide microarrays were used to determine whether gene expression profile may differentiate the epithelial ovarian cell line Caov-3 transfected with FUT1 from the empty plasmid-transfected cells. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining validated the microarray results. Gene expression profile identified 215 DEGs according to the selection criteria, in which 122 genes were upregulated and 93 genes were downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and canonical pathway enrichment analysis were applied, and we found that these DEGs are involved in BioCarta mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, BioCarta eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 (EIF4) pathway, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in cancer. Interaction network analysis predicted genes participating in the regulatory connection. Highly differential expression of TRIM46, PCF11, BCL6, PTEN, and FUT1 genes was validated by quantitative real-time PCR in two cell line samples. Finally, BCL6 and Lewis Y antigen were validated at the protein level by immunohistochemistry in 103 paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissues. The identification of genes in response to FUT1 may provide a theoretical basis for the investigations of the molecular mechanism of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Huilin Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Zuofei Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110015, China
| | - Dawo Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
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Zhu L, Guo Q, Jin S, Feng H, Zhuang H, Liu C, Tan M, Liu J, Li X, Lin B. Analysis of the gene expression profile in response to human epididymis protein 4 in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1592-604. [PMID: 27430660 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are emerging multiple studies on human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in ovarian cancer. HE4 possesses higher sensitivity and specificity than CA125 in the confirmative early diagnosis for ovarian cancer. Although much attention has been given to explore its clinical application, research of the basic mechanisms of HE4 in ovarian cancer are still unclear. In the present study, we provide fundamental data to identify full-scale differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to HE4 by use of human whole-genome microarrays in human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line ES-2 following overexpression and silencing of HE4. We found that a total of 717 genes were upregulated and 898 genes were downregulated in the HE4-overexpressing cells vs. the HE4-Mock cells, and 166 genes were upregulated and 285 were downregulated in the HE4-silenced cells vs. the HE4-Mock cells. An overlap of 16 genes consistently upregulated and 8 genes downregulated in response to HE4 were noted. These DEGs were involved in MAPK, steroid biosynthesis, cell cycle, the p53 hypoxia pathway, and focal adhesion pathways. Interaction network analysis predicted that the genes participated in the regulatory connection. Highly differential expression of the FOXA2, SERPIND1, BDKRD1 and IL1A genes was verified by quantitative real-time PCR in 4 cell line samples. Finally, SERPIND1 (HCII) was validated at the protein level by immunohistochemistry in 107 paraffin-embedded ovarian tissues. We found that SERPIND1 may act as a potential oncogene in the development of ovarian cancer. The present study displayed the most fundamental and full-scale data to show DEGs in response to HE4. These identified genes may provide a theoretical basis for investigations of the underlying molecular mechanism of HE4 in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Huilin Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Huiyu Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Mingzi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Milde-Langosch K, Schütze D, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Wikman H, Müller V, Lebok P, Pantel K, Schröder C, Witzel I, Schumacher U. Relevance of βGal-βGalNAc-containing glycans and the enzymes involved in their synthesis for invasion and survival in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 151:515-28. [PMID: 25975956 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To study the influence of glycosylation on breast cancer progression by analyses on glycan, mRNA, and protein level. For detection of glycan structures, we performed lectin histochemistry with five lectins of different specificity (UEA-1, HPA, GNA, PNA, and PHA-L) on a tissue microarray with >400 breast cancer samples. For comparison, mRNA expression of glycosylation enzymes involved in the synthesis of HPA and PNA binding glycostructures (GALNT family members and C1GALT1) was analyzed in microarray data of 194 carcinomas. Additionally, C1GALT1 protein expression was analyzed by Western blot analysis in 106 tumors. Correlations with clinical and histological parameters including recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OAS) were calculated. Positive binding of four lectins (HPA, GNA, PNA, and PHA-L) correlated significantly with parameters involved in tumor metastasis, namely lymphangiosis, vascular invasion, lymph node involvement, and presence of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow. HPA and PNA binding also showed a negative prognostic impact in our cohort. Correspondingly, high expression of C1GALT1, GALNT1, GALNT8, or GALNT14 mRNA and C1GALT1 protein correlated significantly with shorter OAS. Notably, combined overexpression of C1GALT1/GALNT1 or C1GALT1/GALNT8 mRNA was associated with a significantly reduced OAS (HR 3.15 and 2.73) and RFS (HR 2.01 and 1.94), pointing to an additive influence of these enzymes. This prognostic impact retained significance in multivariate analysis including classical prognostic markers. Our data indicate that glycan structures containing βGal-βGalNAc residues and the enzymes involved in their synthesis play a role in breast cancer progression, at least partly by their promoting influence on haematogenic and lymphatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Milde-Langosch
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany,
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Huang T, Jiang SW, Qin L, Senkowski C, Lyle C, Terry K, Brower S, Chen H, Glasgow W, Wei Y, Li J. Expression and diagnostic value of HE4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:2956-70. [PMID: 25642754 PMCID: PMC4346875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16022956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a recognized biomarker in ovarian and endometrial cancer and over-expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The diagnostic value of HE4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains unknown. Here we elucidate mRNA, protein and serum level of HE4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HE4 mRNA level in tumor adjacent tissues and pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues were tested by real time-PCR. Tissue microarray containing normal, adenocarcinoma, and adjacent pancreatic tissue was tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serum level of HE4, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) were detected by ELISA assay in control and tumor patients. Further we compared the sensitivity and specificity of determining HE4, CA19-9, CA15-3, and CA125 for diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and assessed the complementary diagnostic value of HE4, CA19-9, CA15-3 and CA125. Real time PCR showed significantly increased HE4 mRNA level in pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared with control. Result of IHC showed that HE4 significantly higher expressed in the human pancreatic carcinoma tissues than in both normal and adjacent non-tumorous pancreatic tissues, and the staining intensity is inversely correlated with the clinical stage. HE4 was highly expressed in early stage of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Serum HE4 level is higher in cases with pancreatic adenocarcinoma than in the controls. Serum HE4 levels could research to a sensitivity of 45.83% and specificity of 93.75% when the Cutoff was set at 4.59 ng/mL. The Combined HE4 and CA19-9 increased the sensitivity to 83.33%; and interestingly, the combination of HE4 with CA15-3 led to the most powerful sensitivity of 87.5%. Combined with CA19-9 and CA15-3, HE4 could be a potential biomarker to improve the diagnostic power for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Huang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Shi-Wen Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Liangyi Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai YangSi Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Christopher Senkowski
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Christian Lyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Karen Terry
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Steven Brower
- Department of Surgery & Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Wayne Glasgow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
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Zhuang H, Tan M, Liu J, Hu Z, Liu D, Gao J, Zhu L, Lin B. Human epididymis protein 4 in association with Annexin II promotes invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:243. [PMID: 25362534 PMCID: PMC4232681 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to identify human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) interacting proteins and explore the mechanisms underlying their effect on ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis. METHODS HE4 interacting proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and validated by co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays. The scratch test, the Transwell assay and animal experiments were used to assess the invasive and metastatic abilities of ovarian cancer cells before and after transfection and HE4 protein treatment. HE4 and annexin II protein expression in epithelial ovarian tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relation between their expression levels was examined. RESULTS Annexin II was identified as an HE4 interacting protein. HE4 and annexin II binding interaction promoted ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis. HE4 and annexin II expression levels were significantly higher in malignant epithelial ovarian tissues than in benign and normal epithelial ovarian tissues, and they were higher in tissues with lymph node metastases than in those without. HE4 gene interference downregulated the expression of MAPK and the FOCAL adhesion signaling pathway-associated molecules MKNK2 and LAMB2, and HE4 protein supplementation reversed this effect. CONCLUSION The binding interaction between HE4 and annexin II activates the MAPK and FOCAL adhesion signaling pathways, promoting ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Shengjing Hospital, No, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, P,R, China.
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