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Rolletschek H, Muszynska A, Schwender J, Radchuk V, Heinemann B, Hilo A, Plutenko I, Keil P, Ortleb S, Wagner S, Kalms L, Gündel A, Shi H, Fuchs J, Szymanski JJ, Braun HP, Borisjuk L. Mechanical forces orchestrate the metabolism of the developing oilseed rape embryo. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39044722 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The initial free expansion of the embryo within a seed is at some point inhibited by its contact with the testa, resulting in its formation of folds and borders. Although less obvious, mechanical forces appear to trigger and accelerate seed maturation. However, the mechanistic basis for this effect remains unclear. Manipulation of the mechanical constraints affecting either the in vivo or in vitro growth of oilseed rape embryos was combined with analytical approaches, including magnetic resonance imaging and computer graphic reconstruction, immunolabelling, flow cytometry, transcriptomic, proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic profiling. Our data implied that, in vivo, the imposition of mechanical restraints impeded the expansion of testa and endosperm, resulting in the embryo's deformation. An acceleration in embryonic development was implied by the cessation of cell proliferation and the stimulation of lipid and protein storage, characteristic of embryo maturation. The underlying molecular signature included elements of cell cycle control, reactive oxygen species metabolism and transcriptional reprogramming, along with allosteric control of glycolytic flux. Constricting the space allowed for the expansion of in vitro grown embryos induced a similar response. The conclusion is that the imposition of mechanical constraints over the growth of the developing oilseed rape embryo provides an important trigger for its maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Muszynska
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
- Amatera Biosciences, 4 rue Pierre Fontaine, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Jörg Schwender
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Volodymyr Radchuk
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Björn Heinemann
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse, Hannover, 30419, Germany
| | - Alexander Hilo
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Iaroslav Plutenko
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Peter Keil
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Laura Kalms
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - André Gündel
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Hai Shi
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
| | - Jedrzej Jakub Szymanski
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-4: Bioinformatics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, D-52428, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse, Hannover, 30419, Germany
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Germany
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2
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Cohen CG, Mazer BD, Jean-Claude BJ. Molecular Profiling of Peanut under Raw, Roasting, and Autoclaving Conditions Using High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning and Solution 1H NMR Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 29:162. [PMID: 38202743 PMCID: PMC10780471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Higher rates of peanut allergy have been observed in countries that commonly roast peanuts prior to consumption. Despite the importance of understanding the role of thermal processing in allergy and on peanut composition, studies toward generating signatures that identify molecular contents following processing are scant. Here, we identified spectral signatures to track changes and differences in the molecular composition of peanuts under raw, roasted, and high-pressure and high-temperature autoclaved conditions. We analyzed both the solid flesh of the seed and solutions derived from soaking peanuts using High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) and solution 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, respectively. The NMR spectra of intact peanuts revealed triglycerides as the dominant species, assigned on the basis of multiplets at 4.1 and 4.3 ppm, and corresponding defatted flours revealed the presence of sugars. Sucrose assigned based on a doublet at 5.4 ppm (anomeric proton), and triglycerides were the most abundant small molecules observed, with little variation between conditions. Soaked peanut solutions were devoid of lipids, and their resulting spectra matched the profiles of defatted peanuts. Spectral signatures resulting from autoclaving differed strikingly between those from raw and roasted peanuts, with considerable line-broadening in regions corresponding to proteins and amino-acid side chains, from 0.5 to 2.0 ppm and 6.5 to 8.5 ppm. Taken together, by using complementary NMR methods to obtain a fingerprint of the molecular components in peanuts, we demonstrated that autoclaving led to a distinct composition, likely resulting from the hydrolytic cleavage of proteins, the most important molecule of the allergic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey G. Cohen
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bruce D. Mazer
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bertrand J. Jean-Claude
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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3
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Kulhánek M, Asrade DA, Suran P, Sedlář O, Černý J, Balík J. Plant Nutrition-New Methods Based on the Lessons of History: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4150. [PMID: 38140480 PMCID: PMC10747035 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
As with new technologies, plant nutrition has taken a big step forward in the last two decades. The main objective of this review is to briefly summarise the main pathways in modern plant nutrition and attract potential researchers and publishers to this area. First, this review highlights the importance of long-term field experiments, which provide us with valuable information about the effects of different applied strategies. The second part is dedicated to the new analytical technologies (tomography, spectrometry, and chromatography), intensively studied environments (rhizosphere, soil microbial communities, and enzymatic activity), nutrient relationship indexes, and the general importance of proper data evaluation. The third section is dedicated to the strategies of plant nutrition, i.e., (i) plant breeding, (ii) precision farming, (iii) fertiliser placement, (iv) biostimulants, (v) waste materials as a source of nutrients, and (vi) nanotechnologies. Finally, the increasing environmental risks related to plant nutrition, including biotic and abiotic stress, mainly the threat of soil salinity, are mentioned. In the 21st century, fertiliser application trends should be shifted to local application, precise farming, and nanotechnology; amended with ecofriendly organic fertilisers to ensure sustainable agricultural practices; and supported by new, highly effective crop varieties. To optimise agriculture, only the combination of the mentioned modern strategies supported by a proper analysis based on long-term observations seems to be a suitable pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kulhánek
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.A.A.); (P.S.); (O.S.); (J.Č.); (J.B.)
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4
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Borisjuk L, Horn P, Chapman K, Jakob PM, Gündel A, Rolletschek H. Seeing plants as never before. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1775-1794. [PMID: 36895109 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Imaging has long supported our ability to understand the inner life of plants, their development, and response to a dynamic environment. While optical microscopy remains the core tool for imaging, a suite of novel technologies is now beginning to make a significant contribution to visualize plant metabolism. The purpose of this review was to provide the scientific community with an overview of current imaging methods, which rely variously on either nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) or infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and to present some examples of their application in order to illustrate their utility. In addition to providing a description of the basic principles underlying these technologies, the review discusses their various advantages and limitations, reveals the current state of the art, and suggests their potential application to experimental practice. Finally, a view is presented as to how the technologies will likely develop, how these developments may encourage the formulation of novel experimental strategies, and how the enormous potential of these technologies can contribute to progress in plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Patrick Horn
- Department of Biological Sciences, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Kent Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andre Gündel
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
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5
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Langer M, Hilo A, Guan JC, Koch KE, Xiao H, Verboven P, Gündel A, Wagner S, Ortleb S, Radchuk V, Mayer S, Nicolai B, Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H. Causes and consequences of endogenous hypoxia on growth and metabolism of developing maize kernels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1268-1288. [PMID: 36691698 PMCID: PMC10231453 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) kernels are the largest cereal grains, and their endosperm is severely oxygen deficient during grain fill. The causes, dynamics, and mechanisms of acclimation to hypoxia are minimally understood. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia develops in the small, growing endosperm, but not the nucellus, and becomes the standard state, regardless of diverse structural and genetic perturbations in modern maize (B73, popcorn, sweet corn), mutants (sweet4c, glossy6, waxy), and non-domesticated wild relatives (teosintes and Tripsacum species). We also uncovered an interconnected void space at the chalazal pericarp, providing superior oxygen supply to the placental tissues and basal endosperm transfer layer. Modeling indicated a very high diffusion resistance inside the endosperm, which, together with internal oxygen consumption, could generate steep oxygen gradients at the endosperm surface. Manipulation of oxygen supply induced reciprocal shifts in gene expression implicated in controlling mitochondrial functions (23.6 kDa Heat-Shock Protein, Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2) and multiple signaling pathways (core hypoxia genes, cyclic nucleotide metabolism, ethylene synthesis). Metabolite profiling revealed oxygen-dependent shifts in mitochondrial pathways, ascorbate metabolism, starch synthesis, and auxin degradation. Long-term elevated oxygen supply enhanced the rate of kernel development. Altogether, evidence here supports a mechanistic framework for the establishment of and acclimation to hypoxia in the maize endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Langer
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Alexander Hilo
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jiahn-Chou Guan
- University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Rd., PO Box 110690, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Karen E Koch
- University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Rd., PO Box 110690, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Hui Xiao
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andre Gündel
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Radchuk
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Simon Mayer
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Bart Nicolai
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
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6
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Zhao R, Huang B, Lu G, Fu S, Ying J, Zhao Y. A Practical Method for Amino Acid Analysis by LC-MS Using Precolumn Derivatization with Urea. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087332. [PMID: 37108497 PMCID: PMC10138926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acid (AA) analysis is important in biochemistry, food science, and clinical medicine. However, due to intrinsic limitations, AAs usually require derivatization to improve their separation and determination. Here, we present a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the derivatization of AAs using the simple agent urea. The reactions proceed quantitatively under a wide range of conditions without any pretreatment steps. Urea-derivatized products (carbamoyl amino acids) of 20 AAs exhibit better separation on reversed-phase columns and increased response in a UV detector compared to underivatized ones. We applied this approach to AA analysis in complex samples using a cell culture media as a model, and it showed potential for the determination of oligopeptides. This fast, simple, and inexpensive method should be useful for AA analysis in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjin Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Biling Huang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Songsen Fu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianxi Ying
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Catlin KD, Simmons J, Bai S. A one-shot double-slice selection NMR method for biphasic systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17961-17965. [PMID: 35880775 PMCID: PMC9549394 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We propose a new and robust one-shot double-slice selection experiment to detect 1H NMR signals of biphasic systems simultaneously. The resultant spectrum contains opposite-phased peaks representing the chemical species from the two phases, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Shi Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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8
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Li J, Zhang Y, Ma R, Huang W, Hou J, Fang C, Wang L, Yuan Z, Sun Q, Dong X, Hou Y, Wang Y, Kong F, Sun L. Identification of ST1 reveals a selection involving hitchhiking of seed morphology and oil content during soybean domestication. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1110-1121. [PMID: 35178867 PMCID: PMC9129076 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Seed morphology and quality of cultivated soybean (Glycine max) have changed dramatically during domestication from their wild relatives, but their relationship to selection is poorly understood. Here, we describe a semi-dominant locus, ST1 (Seed Thickness 1), affecting seed thickness and encoding a UDP-D-glucuronate 4-epimerase, which catalyses UDP-galacturonic acid production and promotes pectin biosynthesis. Interestingly, this morphological change concurrently boosted seed oil content, which, along with up-regulation of glycolysis biosynthesis modulated by ST1, enabled soybean to become a staple oil crop. Strikingly, ST1 and an inversion controlling seed coat colour formed part of a single selective sweep. Structural variation analysis of the region surrounding ST1 shows that the critical mutation in ST1 existed in earlier wild relatives of soybean and the region containing ST1 subsequently underwent an inversion, which was followed by successive selection for both traits through hitchhiking during selection for seed coat colour. Together, these results provide direct evidence that simultaneously variation for seed morphology and quality occurred earlier than variation for seed coat colour during soybean domestication. The identification of ST1 thus sheds light on a crucial phase of human empirical selection in soybeans and provides evidence that our ancestors improved soybean based on taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruirui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingjing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chao Fang
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lingshuang Wang
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhihui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qun Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xuehui Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yufeng Hou
- College of Humanities and Development StudiesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lianjun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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9
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Rolletschek H, Mayer S, Boughton B, Wagner S, Ortleb S, Kiel C, Roessner U, Borisjuk L. The metabolic environment of the developing embryo: A multidisciplinary approach on oilseed rapeseed. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 265:153505. [PMID: 34481359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassicaceae seeds consist of three genetically distinct structures: the embryo, endosperm and seed coat, all of which are involved in assimilate allocation during seed development. The complexity of their metabolic interrelations remains unresolved to date. In the present study, we apply state-of-the-art imaging and analytical approaches to assess the metabolic environment of the Brassica napus embryo. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provided volumetric data on the living embryo and endosperm, revealing how the endosperm envelops the embryo, determining endosperm's priority in assimilate uptake from the seed coat during early development. MRI analysis showed higher levels of sugars in the peripheral endosperm facing the seed coat, but a lower sugar content within the central vacuole and the region surrounding the embryo. Feeding intact siliques with 13C-labeled sucrose allowed tracing of the post-phloem route of sucrose transfer within the seed at the heart stage of embryogenesis, by means of mass spectrometry imaging. Quantification of over 70 organic and inorganic compounds in the endosperm revealed shifts in their abundance over different stages of development, while sugars and potassium were the main determinants of osmolality throughout these stages. Our multidisciplinary approach allows access to the hidden aspects of endosperm metabolism, a task which remains unattainable for the small-seeded model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Simon Mayer
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Berin Boughton
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Murdoch University, Western Australia, 6150, Australia.
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Christina Kiel
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany.
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10
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Xu W, Zhong C, Zou C, Wang B, Zhang N. Analytical methods for amino acid determination in organisms. Amino Acids 2020; 52:1071-1088. [PMID: 32857227 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are important metabolites for tissue metabolism, growth, maintenance, and repair, which are basic life necessities. Therefore, summarizing analytical methods for amino acid determination in organisms is important. In the past decades, analytical methods for amino acids have developed rapidly but have not been fully explored. Thus, this article provides reference to analytical methods for amino acids in organisms for food and human research. Present amino acid analysis methods include thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and amino acid analyzer analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Xu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui, 230013, China
| | - Congcong Zhong
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunpu Zou
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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11
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Correa SM, Fernie AR, Nikoloski Z, Brotman Y. Towards model-driven characterization and manipulation of plant lipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 80:101051. [PMID: 32640289 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant lipids have versatile applications and provide essential fatty acids in human diet. Therefore, there has been a growing interest to better characterize the genetic basis, regulatory networks, and metabolic pathways that shape lipid quantity and composition. Addressing these issues is challenging due to context-specificity of lipid metabolism integrating environmental, developmental, and tissue-specific cues. Here we systematically review the known metabolic pathways and regulatory interactions that modulate the levels of storage lipids in oilseeds. We argue that the current understanding of lipid metabolism provides the basis for its study in the context of genome-wide plant metabolic networks with the help of approaches from constraint-based modeling and metabolic flux analysis. The focus is on providing a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art of modeling plant lipid metabolic pathways, which we then contrast with the existing modeling efforts in yeast and microalgae. We then point out the gaps in knowledge of lipid metabolism, and enumerate the recent advances of using genome-wide association and quantitative trait loci mapping studies to unravel the genetic regulations of lipid metabolism. Finally, we offer a perspective on how advances in the constraint-based modeling framework can propel further characterization of plant lipid metabolism and its rational manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Correa
- Genetics of Metabolic Traits Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel; Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Central Metabolism Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Systems Biology and Mathematical Modelling Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany.
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Genetics of Metabolic Traits Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
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12
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Kamal T, Cheng S, Khan IA, Nawab K, Zhang T, Song Y, Wang S, Nadeem M, Riaz M, Khan MAU, Zhu B, Tan M. Potential uses of LF‐NMR and MRI in the study of water dynamics and quality measurement of fruits and vegetables. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Kamal
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
- Department of Agriculture University of Swabi Swabi Pakistan
| | - Shasha Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
| | - Imtiaz Ali Khan
- Department of Agriculture University of Swabi Swabi Pakistan
| | - Khalid Nawab
- Department of Agricultural Extension Education and Communication The University of Agriculture Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Tan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Plant Protection The University of Agriculture Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics The University of Agriculture Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | | | - Bei‐Wei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China Dalian People's Republic of China
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13
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Wolfender JL, Nuzillard JM, van der Hooft JJJ, Renault JH, Bertrand S. Accelerating Metabolite Identification in Natural Product Research: Toward an Ideal Combination of Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Profiling, in Silico Databases, and Chemometrics. Anal Chem 2018; 91:704-742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Nuzillard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | | | - Jean-Hugues Renault
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Samuel Bertrand
- Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France
- ThalassOMICS Metabolomics Facility, Plateforme Corsaire, Biogenouest, 44035 Nantes, France
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14
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15
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Munz E, Rolletschek H, Oeltze-Jafra S, Fuchs J, Guendel A, Neuberger T, Ortleb S, Jakob PM, Borisjuk L. A functional imaging study of germinating oilseed rape seed. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 216:1181-1190. [PMID: 28800167 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Germination, the process whereby a dry, quiescent seed springs to life, has been a focus of plant biologist for many years, yet the early events following water uptake, during which metabolism of the embryo is restarted, remain enigmatic. Here, the nature of the cues required for this restarting in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) seed has been investigated. A holistic in vivo approach was designed to display the link between the entry and allocation of water, metabolic events and structural changes occurring during germination. For this, we combined functional magnetic resonance imaging with Fourier transform infrared microscopy, fluorescence-based respiration mapping, computer-aided seed modeling and biochemical tools. We uncovered an endospermal lipid gap, which channels water to the radicle tip, from whence it is distributed via embryonic vasculature toward cotyledon tissues. The resumption of respiration is initiated first in the endosperm, only later spreading to the embryo. Sugar metabolism and lipid utilization are linked to the spatiotemporal sequence of tissue rehydration. Together, this imaging study provides insights into the spatial aspects of key events in oilseed rape seeds leading to germination. It demonstrates how seed architecture predetermines the pattern of water intake, which sets the stage for the orchestrated restart of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Munz
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Steffen Oeltze-Jafra
- Innovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery, University of Leipzig, Semmelweisstraße 14, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Fuchs
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - André Guendel
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Thomas Neuberger
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, 113 Chandlee Lab, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
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