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Liang W, Zhou C, Deng Y, Fu L, Zhao J, Long H, Ming W, Shang J, Zeng B. The current status of various preclinical therapeutic approaches for tendon repair. Ann Med 2024; 56:2337871. [PMID: 38738394 PMCID: PMC11095292 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2337871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendons are fibroblastic structures that link muscle and bone. There are two kinds of tendon injuries, including acute and chronic. Each form of injury or deterioration can result in significant pain and loss of tendon function. The recovery of tendon damage is a complex and time-consuming recovery process. Depending on the anatomical location of the tendon tissue, the clinical outcomes are not the same. The healing of the wound process is divided into three stages that overlap: inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Furthermore, the curing tendon has a high re-tear rate. Faced with the challenges, tendon injury management is still a clinical issue that must be resolved as soon as possible. Several newer directions and breakthroughs in tendon recovery have emerged in recent years. This article describes tendon injury and summarizes recent advances in tendon recovery, along with stem cell therapy, gene therapy, Platelet-rich plasma remedy, growth factors, drug treatment, and tissue engineering. Despite the recent fast-growing research in tendon recovery treatment, still, none of them translated to the clinical setting. This review provides a detailed overview of tendon injuries and potential preclinical approaches for treating tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yongjun Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing City Keqiao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hengguo Long
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenyi Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jinxiang Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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Ege D, Lu HH, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive Glass and Silica Particles for Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38126329 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
When skeletal and cardiac tissues are damaged, surgical approaches are not always successful and tissue regeneration approaches are investigated. Reports in the literature indicate that silica nanoparticles and bioactive glasses (BGs), including silicate bioactive glasses (e.g., 45S5 BG), phosphate glass fibers, boron-doped mesoporous BGs, borosilicate glasses, and aluminoborates, are promising for repairing skeletal muscle tissue. Silica nanoparticles and BGs have been combined with polymers to obtain aligned nanofibers and to maintain controlled delivery of nanoparticles for skeletal muscle repair. The literature indicates that cardiac muscle regeneration can be also triggered by the ionic products of BGs. This was observed to be due to the release of vascular endothelial growth factor and other growth factors from cardiomyocytes, which regulate endothelial cells to form capillary structures (angiogenesis). Specific studies, including both in vitro and in vivo approaches, are reviewed in this article. The analysis of the literature indicates that although the research field is still very limited, BGs are showing great promise for muscle tissue engineering and further research in the field should be carried out to expand our basic knowledge on the application of BGs in muscle (skeletal and cardiac) tissue regeneration. Impact statement This review highlights the potential of silica particles and bioactive glasses (BGs) for skeletal and cardiac tissue regeneration. These biomaterials create scaffolds triggering muscle cell differentiation. Ionic products from BGs stimulate growth factors, supporting angiogenesis in cardiac tissue repair. Further research is required to expand our know-how on silica particles and BGs in muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ege
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hsuan-Heng Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Wu H, Zhang X, Wang Z, Chen X, Li Y, Fang J, Zheng S, Zhang L, Li C, Hao L. Preparation, properties and in vitro osteogensis of self-reinforcing injectable hydrogel. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106617. [PMID: 37865283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
As an attractive biomaterial for bone reconstruction, injectable biomaterials have many prominent characteristics such as good biocompatibility and bone-filling ability. However, there are weak as load-bearing scaffolds. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bioactive glass (BAG) were interpenetrated into sodium alginate (SA) network to obtain self-enhanced injectable hydrogel. The optimum ratio of PVA/SA/BAG hydrogel was determined based on injectability, gelation time and chemical characterization. Results showed that the selected ratio had the shortest gelation time of 3.5min, and the hydrogel had a rough surface and good coagulation property. The hydrogel was capable of carrying 1kg of weight by mineralization for 14 d The compressive strength, compressive modulus, and fracture energy of the hydrogel reached 0.12MPa, 0.376MPa and 17.750kJ m-2, respectively. Meanwhile, the hydrogel had high moisture content and dissolution rate, and it was sensitive to temperature and ionic strength. Hydroxyapatite was generated on the hydrogel surface, and the hydrogel pores increased, and the pore size enlarged. The biocompatibility of PVA/SA/BAG hydrogel was analyzed using hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays. Results revealed its good biocompatibility with low hemolysis rate and no cytotoxicity to MC3T3-E1 cells. The hydrogel was also found to promote the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells with significantly increased in ALP activity and expression of relevant differentiation factors. In vitro mineralization assay showed an increase in calcium nodules and calcification area, indicating the ability of hydrogel to promote mineralization MC3T3-E1 cells. These findings indicated that PVA/SA/BAG hydrogel had potential uses in the field of irregular bone-defect repair due to its injectability, cytocompatibility, and tailorable functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xunming Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayuan Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Changhong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin, China.
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Silva AV, Gomes DDS, Victor RDS, Santana LNDL, Neves GA, Menezes RR. Influence of Strontium on the Biological Behavior of Bioactive Glasses for Bone Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7654. [PMID: 38138796 PMCID: PMC10744628 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) can potentially be applied in biomedicine, mainly for bone repair and replacement, given their unique ability to connect to natural bone tissue and stimulate bone regeneration. Since their discovery, several glass compositions have been developed to improve the properties and clinical abilities of traditional bioactive glass. Different inorganic ions, such as strontium (Sr2+), have been incorporated in BG due to their ability to perform therapeutic functions. Sr2+ has been gaining prominence due to its ability to stimulate osteogenesis, providing an appropriate environment to improve bone regeneration, in addition to its antibacterial potential. However, as there are still points in the literature that are not well consolidated, such as the influence of ionic concentrations and the BG production technique, this review aims to collect information on the state of the art of the biological behavior of BGs containing Sr2+. It also aims to gather data on different types of BGs doped with different concentrations of Sr2+, and to highlight the manufacturing techniques used in order to analyze the influence of the incorporation of this ion for bone regeneration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Vieira Silva
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Déborah dos Santos Gomes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Rayssa de Sousa Victor
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Gelmires Araújo Neves
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
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Grande-Tovar CD, Castro JI, Tenorio DL, Zapata PA, Florez-López E, Valencia-Llano CH. Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites for Regenerative Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4595. [PMID: 38232016 PMCID: PMC10708655 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue accidents provide numerous pathways for pathogens to invade and flourish, causing additional harm to the host tissue while impeding its natural healing and regeneration. Essential oils (EOs) exhibit rapid and effective antimicrobial properties without promoting bacterial resistance. Clove oils (CEO) demonstrate robust antimicrobial activity against different pathogens. Chitosan (CS) is a natural, partially deacetylated polyamine widely recognized for its vast antimicrobial capacity. In this study, we present the synthesis of four membrane formulations utilizing CS, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and glycerol (Gly) incorporated with CEO and nanobioglass (n-BGs) for applications in subdermal tissue regeneration. Our analysis of the membranes' thermal stability and chemical composition provided strong evidence for successfully blending polymers with the entrapment of the essential oil. The incorporation of the CEO in the composite was evidenced by the increase in the intensity of the band of C-O-C in the FTIR; furthermore, the increase in diffraction peaks, as well as the broadening, provide evidence that the introduction of CEO perturbed the crystal structure. The morphological examination conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the incorporation of CEO resulted in smooth surfaces, in contrast to the porous morphologies observed with the n-BGs. A histological examination of the implanted membranes demonstrated their biocompatibility and biodegradability, particularly after a 60-day implantation period. The degradation process of more extensive membranes involved connective tissue composed of type III collagen fibers, blood vessels, and inflammatory cells, which supported the reabsorption of the composite membranes, evidencing the material's biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Jorge Ivan Castro
- Tribology, Polymers, Powder Metallurgy and Solid Waste Transformations Research Group, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 76001, Colombia;
| | - Diego López Tenorio
- Grupo Biomateriales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali 76001, Colombia; (D.L.T.); (C.H.V.-L.)
| | - Paula A. Zapata
- Grupo de Polímeros, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile;
| | - Edwin Florez-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biotecnología QUIBIO, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Calle 5 No. 62-00, Cali 760035, Colombia;
| | - Carlos Humberto Valencia-Llano
- Grupo Biomateriales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali 76001, Colombia; (D.L.T.); (C.H.V.-L.)
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6
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Zhu S, Li M, Wang Z, Feng Q, Gao H, Li Q, Chen X, Cao X. Bioactive Glasses-Based Nanozymes Composite Macroporous Cryogel with Antioxidative, Antibacterial, and Pro-Healing Properties for Diabetic Infected Wound Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2302073. [PMID: 37589595 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The treatment for diabetic ulcers still remains a big clinic challenge owing to the adverse repair microenvironment. Bioactive glasses (BGs) play an important role in the late stages of healing due to their ability to promote vascularization and collagen fiber deposition, but fail to improve infection and oxidative stress in the early stage.Therefore, it is critical to develop a material involved in regulating the whole healing phases. In this work, BGs-based nanozymes (MnO2 @PDA-BGs) with antioxidation, antibacterial and pro-healing abilities are synthesized by the redox deposition of MnO2 on mesoporous BGs. Afterward, cryogel with the interconnected macropore structure is fabricated by the polymerization of methacrylate anhydride gelatin (GelMA) at -20 °C. MnO2 @PDA-BGs are loaded into the cryogel to obtain nanocomposite cryogel (MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel) with multiple enzymes-like- activities to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Besides, MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel has intensive peroxidase-like activity under acidic condition and near infrared photothermal responsiveness to achieve excellent antibacterial performance. Cells experiments demonstrate that MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel recruits L929s and promotes their proliferation. Furthermore, MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel eliminates intracellular overexpressed ROS and maintains the viability of L929s. Animal experiments confirm that MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel promotes wound healing and avoided scarring by killing bacteria, reversing inflammation, promoting vascularization, and improving the deposition of collagen III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Maocai Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zetao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huichang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute of Modern Industrial Technology of SCUT, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528437, P. R. China
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7
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Kunisch E, Fiehn LA, Saur M, Arango-Ospina M, Merle C, Hagmann S, Stiller A, Hupa L, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. A comparative in vitro and in vivo analysis of the biological properties of the 45S5-, 1393-, and 0106-B1-bioactive glass compositions using human bone marrow-derived stromal cells and a rodent critical size femoral defect model. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213521. [PMID: 37356285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the introduction of the 45S5-bioactive glass (BG), numerous new BG compositions have been developed. Compared to the 45S5-BG, 1393-BG shows favorable processing properties due to its low crystallization tendency and the 1393-BG-based borosilicate 0106-B1-BG exhibits improved angiogenic properties due to its boron content. Despite their close (chemical) relationship, the biological properties of the mentioned BG composition have not yet been comparatively examined. In this study, the effects of the BGs on proliferation, viability, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic factor production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were assessed. Scaffolds made of the BGs were introduced in a critical-sized femur defect model in rats in order to analyze their impact on bone defect regeneration. In vitro, 1393-BG and 0106-B1-BG outperformed 45S5-BG with regard to cell proliferation and viability. 1393-BG enhanced osteogenic differentiation; 0106-B1-BG promoted angiogenic factor production. In vivo, 0106-B1-BG and 45S5-BG outperformed 1393-BG in terms of angiogenic and osteoclastic response resulting in improved bone regeneration. In conclusion, the biological properties of BGs can be significantly modified by tuning their composition. Demonstrating favorable processing properties and an equally strong in vivo bone regeneration potential as 45S5-BG, 0106-B1-BG qualifies as a basis to incorporate other bioactive ions to improve its biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linn Anna Fiehn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merve Saur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Joint Replacement Centre, Orthopaedic Surgery Paulinenhilfe, Diakonie-Klinikum Stuttgart, Rosenbergstraße 38, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Stiller
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Solanki AK, Autefage H, Rodriguez AR, Agarwal S, Penide J, Mahat M, Whittaker T, Nommeots-Nomm A, Littmann E, Payne DJ, Metcalfe AD, Quintero F, Pou J, Stevens MM, Jones JR. Cobalt containing glass fibres and their synergistic effect on the HIF-1 pathway for wound healing applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1125060. [PMID: 36970616 PMCID: PMC10036384 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1125060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Methods: Chronic wounds are a major healthcare problem, but their healing may be improved by developing biomaterials which can stimulate angiogenesis, e.g. by activating the Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) pathway. Here, novel glass fibres were produced by laser spinning. The hypothesis was that silicate glass fibres that deliver cobalt ions will activate the HIF pathway and promote the expression of angiogenic genes. The glass composition was designed to biodegrade and release ions, but not form a hydroxyapatite layer in body fluid.Results and Discussion: Dissolution studies demonstrated that hydroxyapatite did not form. When keratinocyte cells were exposed to conditioned media from the cobalt-containing glass fibres, significantly higher amounts of HIF-1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were measured compared to when the cells were exposed to media with equivalent amounts of cobalt chloride. This was attributed to a synergistic effect of the combination of cobalt and other therapeutic ions released from the glass. The effect was also much greater than the sum of HIF-1α and VEGF expression when the cells were cultured with cobalt ions and with dissolution products from the Co-free glass, and was proven to not be due to a rise in pH. The ability of the glass fibres to activate the HIF-1 pathway and promote VEGF expression shows the potential for their use in chronic wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu K. Solanki
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hélène Autefage
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shweta Agarwal
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquin Penide
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Muzamir Mahat
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Thomas Whittaker
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Nommeots-Nomm
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Littmann
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Payne
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D. Metcalfe
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Quintero
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Pou
- Dpto. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Vigo, E.I. Industrial, Vigo, Spain
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R. Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Julian R. Jones,
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The Local Release of Teriparatide Incorporated in 45S5 Bioglass Promotes a Beneficial Effect on Osteogenic Cells and Bone Repair in Calvarial Defects in Ovariectomized Rats. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020093. [PMID: 36826892 PMCID: PMC9964758 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the population's life expectancy, there has also been an increase in the rate of osteoporosis, which has expanded the search for strategies to regenerate bone tissue. The ultrasonic sonochemical technique was chosen for the functionalization of the 45S5 bioglass. The samples after the sonochemical process were divided into (a) functionalized bioglass (BG) and (b) functionalized bioglass with 10% teriparatide (BGT). Isolated mesenchymal cells (hMSC) from femurs of ovariectomized rats were differentiated into osteoblasts and submitted to in vitro tests. Bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and sham ovariectomy (Sham) surgeries were performed in fifty-five female Wistar rats. After a period of 60 days, critical bone defects of 5.0 mm were created in the calvaria of these animals. For biomechanical evaluation, critical bone defects of 3.0 mm were performed in the tibias of some of these rats. The groups were divided into the clot (control) group, the BG group, and the BGT group. After the sonochemical process, the samples showed modified chemical topographic and morphological characteristics, indicating that the surface was chemically altered by the functionalization of the particles. The cell environment was conducive to cell adhesion and differentiation, and the BG and BGT groups did not show cytotoxicity. In addition, the experimental groups exhibited characteristics of new bone formation with the presence of bone tissue in both periods, with the BGT group and the OVX group statistically differing from the other groups (p < 0.05) in both periods. Local treatment with the drug teriparatide in ovariectomized animals promoted positive effects on bone tissue, and longitudinal studies should be carried out to provide additional information on the biological performance of the mutual action between the bioglass and the release of the drug teriparatide.
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Ning C, Li P, Gao C, Fu L, Liao Z, Tian G, Yin H, Li M, Sui X, Yuan Z, Liu S, Guo Q. Recent advances in tendon tissue engineering strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1115312. [PMID: 36890920 PMCID: PMC9986339 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1115312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries often result in significant pain and disability and impose severe clinical and financial burdens on our society. Despite considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, effective treatments remain a challenge due to the limited natural healing capacity of tendons caused by poor cell density and vascularization. The development of tissue engineering has provided more promising results in regenerating tendon-like tissues with compositional, structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of native tendon tissues. Tissue engineering is the discipline of regenerative medicine that aims to restore the physiological functions of tissues by using a combination of cells and materials, as well as suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors. In this review, following a discussion of tendon structure, injury and healing, we aim to elucidate the current strategies (biomaterials, scaffold fabrication techniques, cells, biological adjuncts, mechanical loading and bioreactors, and the role of macrophage polarization in tendon regeneration), challenges and future directions in the field of tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ning
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pinxue Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhao Tian
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Yin
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muzhe Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Zhang M, Lin J. Effect of pH on the In Vitro Degradation of Borosilicate Bioactive Glass and Its Modulation by Direct Current Electric Field. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7015. [PMID: 36234355 PMCID: PMC9570734 DOI: 10.3390/ma15197015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Controlled ion release and mineralization of bioactive glasses are essential to their applications in bone regeneration. Tuning the chemical composition and surface structure of glasses are the primary means of achieving this goal. However, most bioactive glasses exhibit a non-linear ion release behavior. Therefore, modifying the immersion environment of glasses through external stimuli becomes an approach. In this study, the ion release and mineralization properties of a borosilicate bioactive glass were investigated in the Tris buffer and K2HPO4 solutions with different pH. The glass had a faster ion release rate at a lower pH, but the overly acidic environment was detrimental to hydroxyapatite production. Using a direct current (DC) electric field as an external stimulus, the pH of the immersion solution could be modulated within a narrow range, thereby modulating ion release from the glass. As a result, significant increases in ion release were observed after three days, and the development of porous mineralization products on the glass surface after six days. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the DC electric field in modulating the ion release of the bioactive glass in vitro and provides a potential way to regulate the degradation of the glass in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Minhui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jian Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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12
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Biocompatibility Assessment of Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Nanobioglass (n-BG) Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113640. [PMID: 35684575 PMCID: PMC9182463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds based on biopolymers and nanomaterials with appropriate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility are desirable in tissue engineering. Therefore, polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites were prepared with ceramic nanobioglass (PLA/n-BGs) at 5 and 10 wt.%. Bioglass nanoparticles (n-BGs) were prepared using a sol–gel methodology with a size of ca. 24.87 ± 6.26 nm. In addition, they showed the ability to inhibit bacteria such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802), Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 55804), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 13061) at concentrations of 20 w/v%. The analysis of the nanocomposite microstructures exhibited a heterogeneous sponge-like morphology. The mechanical properties showed that the addition of 5 wt.% n-BG increased the elastic modulus of PLA by ca. 91.3% (from 1.49 ± 0.44 to 2.85 ± 0.99 MPa) and influenced the resorption capacity, as shown by histological analyses in biomodels. The incorporation of n-BGs decreased the PLA crystallinity (from 7.1% to 4.98%) and increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) from 53 °C to 63 °C. In addition, the n-BGs increased the thermal stability due to the nanoparticle’s intercalation between the polymeric chains and the reduction in their movement. The histological implantation of the nanocomposites and the cell viability with HeLa cells higher than 80% demonstrated their biocompatibility character with a greater resorption capacity than PLA. These results show the potential of PLA/n-BGs nanocomposites for biomedical applications, especially for long healing processes such as bone tissue repair and avoiding microbial contamination.
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dos Santos Gomes D, de Sousa Victor R, de Sousa BV, de Araújo Neves G, de Lima Santana LN, Menezes RR. Ceramic Nanofiber Materials for Wound Healing and Bone Regeneration: A Brief Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113909. [PMID: 35683207 PMCID: PMC9182284 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic nanofibers have been shown to be a new horizon of research in the biomedical area, due to their differentiated morphology, nanoroughness, nanotopography, wettability, bioactivity, and chemical functionalization properties. Therefore, considering the impact caused by the use of these nanofibers, and the fact that there are still limited data available in the literature addressing the ceramic nanofiber application in regenerative medicine, this review article aims to gather the state-of-the-art research concerning these materials, for potential use as a biomaterial for wound healing and bone regeneration, and to analyze their characteristics when considering their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah dos Santos Gomes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
| | - Rayssa de Sousa Victor
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
| | - Bianca Viana de Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil;
| | - Gelmires de Araújo Neves
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
| | - Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
| | - Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
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Inorganic Nanomaterials in Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061127. [PMID: 35745700 PMCID: PMC9231279 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the demand for replacement of damaged or broken tissues has increased; this poses the attention on problems related to low donor availability. For this reason, researchers focused their attention on the field of tissue engineering, which allows the development of scaffolds able to mimic the tissues’ extracellular matrix. However, tissue replacement and regeneration are complex since scaffolds need to guarantee an adequate hierarchical structured morphology as well as adequate mechanical, chemical, and physical properties to stand the stresses and enhance the new tissue formation. For this purpose, the use of inorganic materials as fillers for the scaffolds has gained great interest in tissue engineering applications, due to their wide range of physicochemical properties as well as their capability to induce biological responses. However, some issues still need to be faced to improve their efficacy. This review focuses on the description of the most effective inorganic nanomaterials (clays, nano-based nanomaterials, metal oxides, metallic nanoparticles) used in tissue engineering and their properties. Particular attention has been devoted to their combination with scaffolds in a wide range of applications. In particular, skin, orthopaedic, and neural tissue engineering have been considered.
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15
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Joseph J, Parameswaran R, Gopalakrishna Panicker U. Recent advancements in blended and reinforced polymeric systems as bioscaffolds. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2066666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, India
- Division of Polymeric Medical Devices, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Ramesh Parameswaran
- Division of Polymeric Medical Devices, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Ju Q, Zenji T, Maçon ALB, Norris E, Poologasundarampillai G, Obata A, Jones JR, Kasuga T. Silver-doped calcium silicate sol-gel glasses with a cotton-wool-like structure for wound healing. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 134:112561. [PMID: 35523641 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Skin has excellent capacity to regenerate, however, in the event of a large injury or burn skin grafts are required to aid wound healing. The regenerative capacity further declines with increasing age and can be further exacerbated with bacterial infection leading to a chronic wound. Engineered skin substitutes can be used to provide a temporary template for the damaged tissue, to prevent/combat bacterial infection and promote healing. In this study, the sol-gel process and electrospinning were combined to fabricate 3D cotton-wool-like sol-gel bioactive glass fibers that mimic the fibrous architecture of skin extracellular matrix (ECM) and deliver metal ions for antibacterial (silver) and therapeutic (calcium and silica species) actions for successful healing of wounds. This study investigated the effects of synthesis and process parameters, in particular sintering temperature on the fiber morphology, the incorporation and distribution of silver and the degradation rate of fibers. Silver nitrate was found to decompose into silver nanoparticles within the glass fibers upon calcination. Furthermore, with increasing calcination temperature the nanoparticles increased in size from 3 nm at 600 °C to ~25 nm at 800 °C. The antibacterial ability of the Ag-doped glass fibers decreased as a function of the glass calcination temperature. The degradation products from the Ag-doped 3D non-woven sol-gel glass fibers were also found to promote fibroblast proliferation thus demonstrating their potential for use in skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ju
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takuya Zenji
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Anthony L B Maçon
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Elizabeth Norris
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, 5 Mil Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK
| | - Akiko Obata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Julian R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Toshihiro Kasuga
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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Shokrani H, Shokrani A, Sajadi SM, Seidi F, Mashhadzadeh AH, Rabiee N, Saeb MR, Aminabhavi T, Webster TJ. Cell-Seeded Biomaterial Scaffolds: The Urgent Need for Unanswered Accelerated Angiogenesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1035-1068. [PMID: 35309965 PMCID: PMC8927652 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s353062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most arduous challenges in tissue engineering is neovascularization, without which there is a lack of nutrients delivered to a target tissue. Angiogenesis should be completed at an optimal density and within an appropriate period of time to prevent cell necrosis. Failure to meet this challenge brings about poor functionality for the tissue in comparison with the native tissue, extensively reducing cell viability. Prior studies devoted to angiogenesis have provided researchers with some biomaterial scaffolds and cell choices for angiogenesis. For example, while most current angiogenesis approaches require a variety of stimulatory factors ranging from biomechanical to biomolecular to cellular, some other promising stimulatory factors have been underdeveloped (such as electrical, topographical, and magnetic). When it comes to choosing biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering for angiogenesis, key traits rush to mind including biocompatibility, appropriate physical and mechanical properties (adhesion strength, shear stress, and malleability), as well as identifying the appropriate biomaterial in terms of stability and degradation profile, all of which may leave essential trace materials behind adversely influencing angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the selection of the best biomaterial and cells still remains an area of hot dispute as such previous studies have not sufficiently classified, integrated, or compared approaches. To address the aforementioned need, this review article summarizes a variety of natural and synthetic scaffolds including hydrogels that support angiogenesis. Furthermore, we review a variety of cell sources utilized for cell seeding and influential factors used for angiogenesis with a concentrated focus on biomechanical factors, with unique stimulatory factors. Lastly, we provide a bottom-to-up overview of angiogenic biomaterials and cell selection, highlighting parameters that need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Shokrani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Shokrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, 625, Iraq
- Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, Soran, KRG, 624, Iraq
- Correspondence: S Mohammad Sajadi; Navid Rabiee, Email ; ;
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Amin Hamed Mashhadzadeh
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tejraj Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580 031, India
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India
| | - Thomas J Webster
- School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Biomaterials, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Cintra CCV, Ferreira-Ermita DAC, Loures FH, Araújo PMAG, Ribeiro IM, Araújo FR, Valente FL, Reis ECC, Costa ACFM, Bicalho SMCM, Borges APB. In vitro characterization of hydroxyapatite and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles compounds and their biocompatibility in vivo. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 33:21. [PMID: 35129688 PMCID: PMC8821076 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive materials in combination with antibiotics have been widely developed for the treatment of bone infection. Thus, this work aims to characterize six biomaterials formulated with different concentrations of hydroxyapatite and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, in addition to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the antibiotic diffusion test on agar. Furthermore, in vivo biocompatibility and the reabsorption process of these materials were analyzed. XRD showed that both hydroxyapatite and cobalt ferrite present high crystallinity. The photomicrographs obtained by SEM revealed that composites have a complex surface, evidenced by the irregular arrangement of the hydroxyapatite and cobalt ferrite granules, besides demonstrating the interaction between their components. The antibiotic-diffusion test showed that all biomaterials produced an inhibition halo in Staphylococcus aureus cultures. For the biocompatibility study, composites were surgically implanted in the dorsal region of rabbits. At 15, 30, 70, and 100 days, biopsies of the implanted regions were performed. The biomaterials were easily identified during histological analysis and no significant inflammatory process, nor histological signs of toxicity or rejection by the adjacent tissue were observed. We can conclude that the biomaterials analyzed are biocompatible, degradable, and effective in inhibiting the in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabrícia H Loures
- Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - Pascally M A G Araújo
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Ceramic Materials, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Iara M Ribeiro
- Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - Fabiana R Araújo
- Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Andréa P B Borges
- Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
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Homaeigohar S, Boccaccini AR. Nature-Derived and Synthetic Additives to poly(ɛ-Caprolactone) Nanofibrous Systems for Biomedicine; an Updated Overview. Front Chem 2022; 9:809676. [PMID: 35127651 PMCID: PMC8807494 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.809676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a low cost, biocompatible, and bioresorbable synthetic polymer, poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) is widely used for different biomedical applications including drug delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering. An extensive range of in vitro and in vivo tests has proven the favourable applicability of PCL in biomedicine, bringing about the FDA approval for a plethora of PCL made medical or drug delivery systems. This popular polymer, widely researched since the 1970s, can be readily processed through various techniques such as 3D printing and electrospinning to create biomimetic and customized medical products. However, low mechanical strength, insufficient number of cellular recognition sites, poor bioactivity, and hydrophobicity are main shortcomings of PCL limiting its broader use for biomedical applications. To maintain and benefit from the high potential of PCL, yet addressing its physicochemical and biological challenges, blending with nature-derived (bio)polymers and incorporation of nanofillers have been extensively investigated. Here, we discuss novel additives that have been meant for enhancement of PCL nanofiber properties and thus for further extension of the PCL nanofiber application domain. The most recent researches (since 2017) have been covered and an updated overview about hybrid PCL nanofibers is presented with focus on those including nature-derived additives, e.g., polysaccharides and proteins, and synthetic additives, e.g., inorganic and carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Homaeigohar
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Evaluation and comparison of synthesised hydroxyapatite in bone regeneration: As an in vivo study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:878-886. [PMID: 34899133 PMCID: PMC8626821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Many patients suffer from non-repaired bone defects and subsequent aesthetic and psychological problems following bone fractures from accidents. The main goal of the study was to compare and evaluate synthetic hydroxyapatite with xenograft and commercial hydroxyapatite for bone repair and reconstruction. Methods In this study, synthetic hydroxyapatite was fabricated and verified. Cytotoxicity tests (i.e., induction coupled plasma [ICP], density and porosity analysis, scanning electron microscope [SEM] analysis, and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium blue [MTT] assay) were performed. Synthetic, xenograft, and commercial hydroxyapatite were tested in the animal study. Finally, bone regeneration was assessed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results The Ca/P ratio was measured for xenograft and commercial samples, and values were lower than those for the synthesised hydroxyapatite. The amount of surface porosity in the synthesised sample was greater than in the commercial and xenograft samples. Additionally, the density of the synthesised hydroxyapatite was lower than that of the xenograft and commercial samples. A small amount of ossification from natural bone margins was observed at 4 weeks in the xenograft and commercial hydroxyapatite group. In the synthetic group, immature bone formation was observed at 4 weeks. The rate of ossification and cell infiltration in the xenograft and commercial hydroxyapatite samples was higher at 8 weeks than at 4 weeks, and this rate was lower than in the synthesised hydroxyapatite group. The synthesised hydroxyapatite group exhibited greater ossification than the xenograft and commercial hydroxyapatite, and control groups at 12 weeks. Conclusion This study showed that synthesised hydroxyapatite had better effects on bone regeneration and could be used in bone tissue engineering.
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21
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Majumdar S, Gupta S, Krishnamurthy S. Multifarious applications of bioactive glasses in soft tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8111-8147. [PMID: 34766608 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE), a new paradigm in regenerative medicine, repairs and restores the diseased or damaged tissues and eliminates drawbacks associated with autografts and allografts. In this context, many biomaterials have been developed for regenerating tissues and are considered revolutionary in TE due to their flexibility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. One such well-documented biomaterial is bioactive glasses (BGs), known for their osteoconductive and osteogenic potential and their abundant orthopedic and dental clinical applications. However, in the last few decades, the soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs has demonstrated great promise. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the biological application of BGs in the repair and regeneration of tissues outside the skeleton system. BGs promote neovascularization, which is crucial to encourage host tissue integration with the implanted construct, making them suitable biomaterial scaffolds for TE. Moreover, they heal acute and chronic wounds and also have been reported to restore the injured superficial intestinal mucosa, aiding in gastroduodenal regeneration. In addition, BGs promote regeneration of the tissues with minimal renewal capacity like the heart and lungs. Besides, the peripheral nerve and musculoskeletal reparative properties of BGs are also reported. These results show promising soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs under preclinical settings without posing significant adverse effects. Albeit, there is limited bench-to-bedside clinical translation of elucidative research on BGs as they require rigorous pharmacological evaluations using standardized animal models for assessing biomolecular downstream pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Majumdar
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Smriti Gupta
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
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22
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Faccendini A, Bianchi E, Ruggeri M, Vigani B, Perotti C, Pavesi FC, Caliogna L, Natali F, Del Favero E, Cantu’ L, Ferrari F, Rossi S, Sandri G. Smart Device for Biologically Enhanced Functional Regeneration of Osteo-Tendon Interface. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13121996. [PMID: 34959280 PMCID: PMC8707843 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous healing of a tendon laceration results in the formation of scar tissue, which has lower functionality than the original tissue. Moreover, chronic non-healing tendon injuries frequently require surgical treatment. Several types of scaffolds have been developed using the tissue engineering approach, to complement surgical procedures and to enhance the healing process at the injured site. In this work, an electrospun hybrid tubular scaffold was designed to mimic tissue fibrous arrangement and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and to be extemporaneously loaded into the inner cavity with human platelet lysate (PL), with the aim of leading to complete post-surgery functional regeneration of the tissue for functional regeneration of the osteo-tendon interface. For this purpose, pullulan (P)/chitosan (CH) based polymer solutions were enriched with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HP) and electrospun. The nanofibers were collected vertically along the length of the scaffold to mimic the fascicle direction of the tendon tissue. The scaffold obtained showed tendon-like mechanical performance, depending on HP content and tube size. The PL proteins were able to cross the scaffold wall, and in vitro studies have demonstrated that tenocytes and osteoblasts are able to adhere to and proliferate onto the scaffold in the presence of PL; moreover, they were also able to produce either collagen or sialoproteins, respectively-important components of ECM. These results suggest that HP and PL have a synergic effect, endorsing PL-loaded HP-doped aligned tubular scaffolds as an effective strategy to support new tissue formation in tendon-to-bone interface regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Faccendini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Eleonora Bianchi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Cesare Perotti
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Service, Apheresis and Cell Therapy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | | | - Laura Caliogna
- Orthopedy, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.C.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesca Natali
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, CEDEX 09, 38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, LITA Viale Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (E.D.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Cantu’
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, LITA Viale Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (E.D.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Franca Ferrari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.B.); (M.R.); (B.V.); (F.F.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-038-298-7728
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Bioactive Glass Applications: A Literature Review of Human Clinical Trials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185440. [PMID: 34576662 PMCID: PMC8470635 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of bioactive glasses in dentistry, reconstructive surgery, and in the treatment of infections can be considered broadly beneficial based on the emerging literature about the potential bioactivity and biocompatibility of these materials, particularly with reference to Bioglass® 45S5, BonAlive® and 19-93B3 bioactive glasses. Several investigations have been performed (i) to obtain bioactive glasses in different forms, such as bulk materials, powders, composites, and porous scaffolds and (ii) to investigate their possible applications in the biomedical field. Although in vivo studies in animals provide us with an initial insight into the biological performance of these systems and represent an unavoidable phase to be performed before clinical trials, only clinical studies can demonstrate the behavior of these materials in the complex physiological human environment. This paper aims to carefully review the main published investigations dealing with clinical trials in order to better understand the performance of bioactive glasses, evaluate challenges, and provide an essential source of information for the tailoring of their design in future applications. Finally, the paper highlights the need for further research and for specific studies intended to assess the effect of some specific dissolution products from bioactive glasses, focusing on their osteogenic and angiogenic potential.
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Ouldhnini Y, Atila A, Ouaskit S, Hasnaoui A. Atomistic insights into the structure and elasticity of densified 45S5 bioactive glasses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15292-15301. [PMID: 34251004 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02192c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glasses have applications in regenerative medicine due to their bioactivity, enabling interactions with hard and soft tissues. Soda-lime phosphosilicate glasses, such as 45S5, represent a model system of bioactive glasses. Regardless of their importance as bioactive materials, the relationship between the structure, density, and cooling process has not been studied in detail. This hinders further development of glasses as biomaterials. We used molecular dynamics simulations to study the elastic and structural properties of densified 45S5 bioactive glass and liquids over a wide range of densities. We performed a systematic analysis of the glass structure to density relationship to correlate the change in the properties with the structural change to enhance the mechanical properties of bioactive glasses while preserving their bioactive nature. The results show that the glass structure tends to be repolymerized, as indicated by increased network connectivity and a tetrahedral to octahedral polyhedral transition. We were able to tailor the elastic properties while keeping the bioactivity of the glass. The results presented here will provide some guidance to develop bioactive glasses with enhanced mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ouldhnini
- LS3M, Faculté Polydisciplinaire Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, B.P 145, 25000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Achraf Atila
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Institute I: General Materials Properties, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Said Ouaskit
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, University Hassan II of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Av Driss El Harti, Sidi Othmane, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Hasnaoui
- LS3M, Faculté Polydisciplinaire Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, B.P 145, 25000 Khouribga, Morocco
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Shi M, Cao X, Zhuang J, Chen X. The cardioprotective effect and mechanism of bioactive glass on myocardial reperfusion injury. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34049296 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac067e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial reperfusion treatment for ischemic infarction may cause lethal injury of cardiomyocytes, which is known as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. As a kind of prospective biomaterial with superior properties, the application of bioactive glasses (BGs) in myocardial tissue engineering have received great interests. In this study, the cardioprotective effect and relevant mechanism of BG on myocardial reperfusion injury were investigatedin vitro. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with BG extracts and then cultured in hypoxic environment for 30 min followed by reoxygenation for 1 h. The activity of released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in H9c2 cells were tested by assay kits. Cell viability was analyzed by Live/Dead staining assay and the number of living cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The cytoskeletal protein F-actin was stained and observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis ratio were evaluated by fluorescent observation and flow cytometry simultaneously. The gene expressions relevant to apoptosis were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. The results showed that BG extracts effectively inhibited hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell injury by suppressing oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) within H9c2 cells. Meanwhile, apoptosis caused by H/R injury was alleviated and three classic apoptotic signaling pathways were proved to be regulated by BG extracts. Further analysis showed that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway was up-regulated in H/R-induced H9c2 cells by BG extracts, leading to relieved cellular apoptosis. These results indicated that BG might exert cardioprotective effect in reperfusion injury when applied in myocardial tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Shi
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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26
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Gupta S, Majumdar S, Krishnamurthy S. Bioactive glass: A multifunctional delivery system. J Control Release 2021; 335:481-497. [PMID: 34087250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BAGs) were invented five decades ago and have been widely used clinically in orthopedic and stomatology. However, in the past two decades, BAGs have been explored immensely by several researchers worldwide as a multifunctional delivery system for a multitude of therapeutics ranging from metal ions to small molecules (e.g., drugs) and macromolecules (e.g., DNA). The impetus for devising a BAG-based delivery system in the 21st century is based upon the facilitative properties it offers for entrapment of a wide range of therapeutic molecules and the tailorable controlled release kinetics to the target tissue site along with the biological activity of the ionic dissolution products in several pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, cancer, infection, and inflammation. This review comprises two parts: the first part discusses the need for a new delivery system and how the journey from melt quench progressed towards template-based sol-gel mesoporous. In the second part, we have comprehended the scientific advancements made so far, emphasizing BAGs as a delivery system ranging from therapeutic ions to phytopharmaceuticals. We have also highlighted a few loopholes that have prevented bench-to-bedside clinical translation of a plethora of elucidative researches done so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Gupta
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shreyasi Majumdar
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India.
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Perez-Amodio S, Rubio N, Vila OF, Navarro-Requena C, Castaño O, Sanchez-Ferrero A, Marti-Munoz J, Alsina-Giber M, Blanco J, Engel E. Polymeric Composite Dressings Containing Calcium-Releasing Nanoparticles Accelerate Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:301-316. [PMID: 32602814 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Wound healing is a complex process that involves the interaction between different cell types and bioactive factors. Impaired wound healing is characterized by a loss in synchronization of these interactions, resulting in nonhealing chronic wounds. Chronic wounds are a socioeconomic burden, one of the most prominent clinical manifestations of diabetes, however, they lack satisfactory treatment options. The objective of this study was to develop polymeric composites that deliver ions having wound healing properties and evaluate its performance using a pressure ulcer model in diabetic mice. Approach: To develop a polymeric composite wound dressing containing ion-releasing nanoparticles for chronic wound healing. This composite was chemically and physically characterized and evaluated using a pressure ulcer wound model in diabetic (db/db) mice to explore their potential as novel wound dressing. Results: This dressing exhibits a controlled ion release and a good in vitro bioactivity. The polymeric composite dressing treatment stimulates angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, granulation tissue formation, and accelerates wound closure of ischemic wounds created in diabetic mice. In addition, the performance of the newly designed composite is remarkably better than a commercially available dressing frequently used for the treatment of low-exuding chronic wounds. Innovation: The developed nanoplatforms are cell- and growth factor free and control the host microenvironment resulting in enhanced wound healing. These nanoplatforms are available by cost-effective synthesis with a defined composition, offering an additional advantage in potential clinical application. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, these polymeric composites offer an optimum approach for chronic wound healing without adding cells or external biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Perez-Amodio
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Rubio
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaia F Vila
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Navarro-Requena
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Castaño
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bioelectronics Unit and Nanobioengineering Lab., Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aitor Sanchez-Ferrero
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Marti-Munoz
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Alsina-Giber
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Blanco
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Shi M, Zhao F, Sun L, Tang F, Gao W, Xie W, Cao X, Zhuang J, Chen X. Bioactive glass activates VEGF paracrine signaling of cardiomyocytes to promote cardiac angiogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112077. [PMID: 33947569 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The heart contains a wide range of cell types, which are not isolated but interact with one another via multifarious paracrine, autocrine and endocrine factors. In terms of cardiac angiogenesis, previous studies have proved that regulating the communication between cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells is efficacious to promote capillary formation. Firstly, this study investigated the effect and underlying mechanism of bioactive glass (BG) acted on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) paracrine signaling in cardiomyocytes. We found that bioactive ions released from BG significantly promoted the VEGF production and secretion of cardiomyocytes. Subsequently, we proved that cardiomyocyte-derived VEGF played an important role in mediating the behavior of endothelial cells. Further research showed that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway was upregulated by BG, which was involved in VEGF expression of cardiomyocytes. This study revealed that by means of modulating cellular crosstalk via paracrine signaling of host cells in heart is a new direction for the application of BGs in cardiac angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Shi
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fujian Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Luyao Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fengling Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wendong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Weihan Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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New Generation of Hybrid Materials Based on Gelatin and Bioactive Glass Particles for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030444. [PMID: 33802745 PMCID: PMC8002581 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid scaffolds based on bioactive glass (BAG) particles (<38 µm), covalently linked to gelatin (G*) using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), have been studied for bone bioengineering. In this study, two glass compositions (13-93 and 13-93B20 (where 20% of the SiO2 was replaced with B2O3)) were introduced in the gelatin matrix. The Cfactor (gelatin/GPTMS molar ratio) was kept constant at 500. The hybrids obtained were found to be stable at 37 °C in solution, the condition in which pure gelatin is liquid. All hybrids were characterized by in vitro dissolution in Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) solution (for up to 4 weeks) and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) (for up to 2 weeks). Samples processed with 13-93B20 exhibited faster initial dissolution and significantly faster precipitation of a hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. The faster ion release and HA precipitation recorded from the G*/13-93B20 samples are attributable to the higher reactivity of borosilicate compared to silicate glass. The MC3T3-E1 cell behavior in direct contact with the hybrids was investigated, showing that the cells were able to proliferate and spread on the developed biomaterials. Tailoring the glass composition allows us to better control the material’s dissolution, biodegradability, and bioactivity. Bioactive (especially with 13-93B20 BAG) and biocompatible, the hybrids are promising for bone application.
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黄 丽, 宫 玮, 董 艳. [Effects of bioactive glass on proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2021; 53:371-377. [PMID: 33879913 PMCID: PMC8072421 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of phytic acid derived bioactive P2O5-SiO2-CaO gel-glasses (PSC) on the proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. METHODS HUVECs were cultured in PSC extracts, which were prepared with endothelial cell medium (ECM) at a gradient concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 2 g/L. Cells cultured in ECM were used as the control. The effect of PSC on HUVECs proliferation was assessed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 10th days with (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT), and the optimum PSC concentration for HUVECs proliferation was used in the following experiments. The subsequent experiments were divided into two groups. The experimental group used PSC extracts to culture HUVECs (PSC group) and the control group used ECM to culture HUVECs (ECM group). Gene expression of angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), was detected on the 2nd, 4th and 7th days by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). The morphology and number of tubules formation were observed at the 4th and 10th hours. Image J software was used for counting and quantitative analysis. RESULTS The results of MTT assay showed that 0.1 g/L PSC group had the most significant effect on promoting HUVECs proliferation. The optical density values of 0.1 g/L PSC group on the 5th and 7th days were significantly higher than those of the other PSC groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The result of real-time RT-PCR showed that 0.1 g/L PSC extract up-regulated the mRNA expression of VEGF and bFGF significantly (P < 0.05). On the 4th day, the gene expressions of VEGF and bFGF in PSC group were 1.59 and 1.45 times higher than those in ECM group respectively, and on the 7th day, the gene levels of VEGF and bFGF in PSC group were 1.98 and 1.37 times higher than those in ECM group respectively. The tubule formation assay showed that the maturity and density of the tubules in 0.1 g/L PSC group was much better than that in the ECM group at the 10th hour. The quantitative analysis by Image J indicated that the tubules number in PSC group (29.63±2.29) was higher than in the ECM group (20.13±2.36), with statistical significance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION PSC showed significant promoting effects on HUVECs' proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- 丽东 黄
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 玮玉 宫
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 艳梅 董
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Li N, Guo R, Zhang ZJ. Bioink Formulations for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:630488. [PMID: 33614614 PMCID: PMC7892967 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.630488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike the conventional techniques used to construct a tissue scaffolding, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology enables fabrication of a porous structure with complex and diverse geometries, which facilitate evenly distributed cells and orderly release of signal factors. To date, a range of cell-laden materials, such as natural or synthetic polymers, have been deployed by the 3D bioprinting technique to construct the scaffolding systems and regenerate substitutes for the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting technology has attracted much attention lately because it aims to accommodate the dynamic structural and functional transformations of scaffolds. However, there remain challenges to meet the technical requirements in terms of suitable processability of the bioink formulations, desired mechanical properties of the hydrogel implants, and cell-guided functionality of the biomaterials. Recent bioprinting techniques are reviewed in this article, discussing strategies for hydrogel-based bioinks to mimic native bone tissue-like extracellular matrix environment, including properties of bioink formulations required for bioprinting, structure requirements, and preparation of tough hydrogel scaffolds. Stimulus mechanisms that are commonly used to trigger the dynamic structural and functional transformations of the scaffold are analyzed. At the end, we highlighted the current challenges and possible future avenues of smart hydrogel-based bioink/scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Centre for Drug Carrier Development, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Jason Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Azizipour E, Aghamollaei H, Halabian R, Poormoghadam D, Saffari M, Entezari M, Salimi A. A novel hydrogel scaffold contained bioactive glass nanowhisker (BGnW) for osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 174:562-572. [PMID: 33434552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Employing hydrogels as an alternative strategy for repairing bone defects has received great attention in bone tissue engineering. In this study, hydrogel scaffold based on collagen, gelatin, and glutaraldehyde was combined with bioactive glass nanowhiskers (BGnW) to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into the osteogenic lineage and inducing biomineralization. Pure Gel-Glu-Col and bioactive glass nanowhiskers were used as control throughout the paper. Chemical, physical and morphological characteristics of the nanocomposite scaffold were assessed meticulously using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), porosity measurement, water uptake ability, tensile test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To determine the cytotoxicity and cell viability of the hydrogel, MTT assay and Acridine orange (AO) staining were performed. hMSCs seeded on Gel-Glu-Col/BGnW were then incubated with osteogenic differentiation media for 14 days. Biomineralization assays (alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content assay, von Kossa, and Alizarin red staining) were carried out, and osteogenic genes and protein markers were examined using real time-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that the components of the hydrogel were properly integrated. The mechanical property of hydrogel was enhanced following the addition of BGnW. Cell viability assays confirmed the biocompatibility of the scaffold and increasing the proliferation after incorporating BGnW into pure Ge1-Glu-Col. Our nanocomposite maintained an enhanced ability of biomineralization as compared to its pure counterparts. Molecular investigations revealed an elevated level of osteogenic markers as compared to Ge1-Glu-Col and BGnW. All in all, Gel-Glu-Col/BGnW seems to be a potential candidate for the regeneration of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Azizipour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghamollaei
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University Medical of Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Poormoghadam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Saffari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Manipulating Air-Gap Electrospinning to Create Aligned Polymer Nanofiber-Wrapped Glass Microfibers for Cortical Bone Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7040165. [PMID: 33419239 PMCID: PMC7766430 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteons are the repeating unit throughout cortical bone, consisting of canals filled with blood and nerve vessels surrounded by concentric lamella of hydroxyapatite-containing collagen fibers, providing mechanical strength. Creating a biodegradable scaffold that mimics the osteon structure is crucial for optimizing cellular infiltration and ultimately the replacement of the scaffold with native cortical bone. In this study, a modified air-gap electrospinning setup was exploited to continuously wrap highly aligned polycaprolactone polymer nanofibers around individual 1393 bioactive glass microfibers, resulting in a synthetic structure similar to osteons. By varying the parameters of the device, scaffolds with polymer fibers wrapped at angles between 5-20° to the glass fiber were chosen. The scaffold indicated increased cell migration by demonstrating unidirectional cell orientation along the fibers, similar to recent work regarding aligned nerve and muscle regeneration. The wrapping decreased the porosity from 90% to 80%, which was sufficient for glass conversion through ion exchange validated by inductively coupled plasma. Scaffold degradation was not cytotoxic. Encapsulating the glass with polymer nanofibers caused viscoelastic deformation during three-point bending, preventing typical brittle glass fracture, while maintaining cell migration. This scaffold design structurally mimics the osteon, with the intent to replace its material compositions for better regeneration.
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Parkes M, Tallia F, Young GR, Cann P, Jones JR, Jeffers JRT. Tribological evaluation of a novel hybrid for repair of articular cartilage defects. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111495. [PMID: 33321596 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The friction and wear properties of silica/poly(tetrahydrofuran)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH) hybrid materials that are proposed as cartilage tissue engineering materials were investigated against living articular cartilage. A testing rig was designed to allow testing against fresh bovine cartilage. The friction force and wear were compared for five compositions of the hybrid biomaterial articulating against freshly harvested bovine cartilage in diluted bovine calf serum. Under a non-migrating contact, the friction force increased and hence shear force applied to the opposing articular cartilage also increased, resulting in minor damage to the cartilage surface. This worse case testing scenario was used to discriminate between material formulations and revealed the increase in friction and damaged area was lowest for the hybrid containing the most silica. Further friction and wear tests on one hybrid formulation with an elastic modulus closest to that of cartilage were then conducted in a custom incubator system. This demonstrated that over a five day period the friction force, cell viability and glucosaminoglycan (GAG) release into the lubricant were similar between a cartilage-cartilage interface and the hybrid-cartilage interface, supporting the use of these materials for cartilage repair. These results demonstrate how tribology testing can play a part in the development of new materials for chondral tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Designing materials that maintain the low friction and wear of articular cartilage whilst supporting the growth of new tissue is critical if further damage is to be avoided during repair of cartilage defects. This work examines the tribological performance of a SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH hybrid material and demonstrates a testing protocol that could be applied to any proposed material for cartilage regeneration. Tribological tests demonstrated that changing the hybrid composition decreased friction and reduced damage to the cartilage counterface. This study demonstrates how tribological testing can be integrated into the design process to produce materials with a higher chance of clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Parkes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Francesca Tallia
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gloria R Young
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Philippa Cann
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Julian R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan R T Jeffers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Mehrabi T, Mesgar AS, Mohammadi Z. Bioactive Glasses: A Promising Therapeutic Ion Release Strategy for Enhancing Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5399-5430. [PMID: 33320556 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity, mortality, and burden of burn victims and patients with severe diabetic wounds are still high, which leads to an extensively growing demand for novel treatments with high clinical efficacy. Biomaterial-based wound treatment approaches have progressed over time from simple cotton wool dressings to advanced skin substitutes containing cells and growth factors; however, no wound care approach is yet completely satisfying. Bioactive glasses are materials with potential in many areas that exhibit unique features in biomedical applications. Today, bioactive glasses are not only amorphous solid structures that can be used as a substitute in hard tissue but also are promising materials for soft tissue regeneration and wound healing applications. Biologically active elements such as Ag, B, Ca, Ce, Co, Cu, Ga, Mg, Se, Sr, and Zn can be incorporated in glass networks; hence, the superiority of these multifunctional materials over current materials results from their ability to release multiple therapeutic ions in the wound environment, which target different stages of the wound healing process. Bioactive glasses and their dissolution products have high potency for inducing angiogenesis and exerting several biological impacts on cell functions, which are involved in wound healing and some other features that are valuable in wound healing applications, namely hemostatic and antibacterial properties. In this review, we focus on skin structure, the dynamic process of wound healing in injured skin, and existing wound care approaches. The basic concepts of bioactive glasses are reviewed to better understand the relationship between glass structure and its properties. We illustrate the active role of bioactive glasses in wound repair and regeneration. Finally, research studies that have used bioactive glasses in wound healing applications are summarized and the future trends in this field are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mehrabi
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Abdorreza S Mesgar
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
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Tian Y, Liang K, Ji Y. Fabrication of poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate)/chitin nanofibril/bioactive glass (POFC/ChiNF/BG) porous scaffold via directional-freeze-casting. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The citrate-based thermoset elastomer is a promising candidate for bone scaffold material, but the harsh curing condition made it difficult to fabricate porous structure. Recently, poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate) (POFC) porous scaffold was creatively fabricated by chitin nanofibrils (ChiNFs) supported emulsion-freeze-casting. Thanks to the supporting role of ChiNFs, the lamellar pore structure formed by directional freeze-drying was maintained during the subsequent thermocuring. Herein, bioactive glass (BG) was introduced into the POFC porous scaffolds to improve bioactivity. It was found the complete replacement of ChiNF particles with BG particles could not form a stable porous structure; however, existing at least 15 wt% ChiNF could ensure the formation of lamellar pore, and the interlamellar distance increased with BG ratios. Thus, the BG granules did not contribute to the formation of pore structure like ChiNFs, however, they surely endowed the scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties, improved osteogenesis bioactivity, better cytocompatibility as well as quick degradation rate. Reasonably adjusting BG ratios could balance the requirements of porous structure and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials , College of Materials Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
| | - Kai Liang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
| | - Yali Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials , College of Materials Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
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Zhao H, Liu M, Zhang Y, Yin J, Pei R. Nanocomposite hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14976-14995. [PMID: 32644089 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03785k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an important field of regenerative medicine, which combines scaffolds and cell transplantation to develop substitute tissues and/or promote tissue regeneration. Hydrogels, a three-dimensional network with high water content and biocompatibility, have been widely used as scaffolds to mimic the structure and properties of tissues. However, the low mechanical strength and limited functions of traditional hydrogels greatly limited their applications in tissue engineering. Recently, nanocomposite hydrogels, with its advantages of high mechanical property and some unique properties (such as electrical conductivity, antibacterial, antioxidation, magnetic responsiveness), have emerged as the most versatile and innovative technology, which provides a new opportunity as a unique tool for fabricating hydrogels with excellent properties. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in fabricating nanocomposite hydrogels and their applications in tissue engineering. In addition, the future and prospects of nanocomposite hydrogels for tissue engineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhao
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China and CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Kargozar S, Baino F, Hamzehlou S, Hamblin MR, Mozafari M. Nanotechnology for angiogenesis: opportunities and challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5008-5057. [PMID: 32538379 PMCID: PMC7418030 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a critical role within the human body, from the early stages of life (i.e., embryonic development) to life-threatening diseases (e.g., cancer, heart attack, stroke, wound healing). Many pharmaceutical companies have expended huge efforts on both stimulation and inhibition of angiogenesis. During the last decade, the nanotechnology revolution has made a great impact in medicine, and regulatory approvals are starting to be achieved for nanomedicines to treat a wide range of diseases. Angiogenesis therapies involve the inhibition of angiogenesis in oncology and ophthalmology, and stimulation of angiogenesis in wound healing and tissue engineering. This review aims to summarize nanotechnology-based strategies that have been explored in the broad area of angiogenesis. Lipid-based, carbon-based and polymeric nanoparticles, and a wide range of inorganic and metallic nanoparticles are covered in detail. Theranostic and imaging approaches can be facilitated by nanoparticles. Many preparations have been reported to have a bimodal effect where they stimulate angiogenesis at low dose and inhibit it at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 917794-8564 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 101 29 Torino, Italy
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Menger MM, Laschke MW, Orth M, Pohlemann T, Menger MD, Histing T. Vascularization Strategies in the Prevention of Nonunion Formation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:107-132. [PMID: 32635857 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delayed healing and nonunion formation are major challenges in orthopedic surgery, which require the development of novel treatment strategies. Vascularization is considered one of the major prerequisites for successful bone healing, providing an adequate nutrient supply and allowing the infiltration of progenitor cells to the fracture site. Hence, during the last decade, a considerable number of studies have focused on the evaluation of vascularization strategies to prevent or to treat nonunion formation. These involve (1) biophysical applications, (2) systemic pharmacological interventions, and (3) tissue engineering, including sophisticated scaffold materials, local growth factor delivery systems, cell-based techniques, and surgical vascularization approaches. Accumulating evidence indicates that in nonunions, these strategies are indeed capable of improving the process of bone healing. The major challenge for the future will now be the translation of these strategies into clinical practice to make them accessible for the majority of patients. If this succeeds, these vascularization strategies may markedly reduce the incidence of nonunion formation. Impact statement Delayed healing and nonunion formation are a major clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. This review provides an overview of vascularization strategies for the prevention and treatment of nonunions. The successful translation of these strategies in clinical practice is of major importance to achieve adequate bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Menger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Orth
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Pohlemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Electrospun PCL/PGS Composite Fibers Incorporating Bioactive Glass Particles for Soft Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050978. [PMID: 32438673 PMCID: PMC7279550 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS) and poly(epsilon caprolactone) (PCL) have been widely investigated for biomedical applications in combination with the electrospinning process. Among others, one advantage of this blend is its suitability to be processed with benign solvents for electrospinning. In this work, the suitability of PGS/PCL polymers for the fabrication of composite fibers incorporating bioactive glass (BG) particles was investigated. Composite electrospun fibers containing silicate or borosilicate glass particles (13-93 and 13-93BS, respectively) were obtained and characterized. Neat PCL and PCL composite electrospun fibers were used as control to investigate the possible effect of the presence of PGS and the influence of the bioactive glass particles. In fact, with the addition of PGS an increase in the average fiber diameter was observed, while in all the composite fibers, the presence of BG particles induced an increase in the fiber diameter distribution, without changing significantly the average fiber diameter. Results confirmed that the blended fibers are hydrophilic, while the addition of BG particles does not affect fiber wettability. Degradation test and acellular bioactivity test highlight the release of the BG particles from all composite fibers, relevant for all applications related to therapeutic ion release, i.e., wound healing. Because of weak interface between the incorporated BG particles and the polymeric fibers, mechanical properties were not improved in the composite fibers. Promising results were obtained from preliminary biological tests for potential use of the developed mats for soft tissue engineering applications.
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Wu P, Wang Y, Sun D, Luo Y, Chen C, Tang Z, Liao Y, Cao X, Xu L, Cheng C, Liu W, Liang X. In-vivo histocompatibility and osteogenic potential of biodegradable PLDLA composites containing silica-based bioactive glass fiber. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:59-71. [PMID: 32233716 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220911598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this two-year study was to evaluate the histocompatibility and osteogenic properties of a composite material consisting of poly(l-co-d,l lactide) (PLDLA) and silica-based bioactive glass fibers in vivo. PLDLA and PLDLA/silica-based bioactive glass fibers pins were implanted into the erector spinae muscles and femurs of beagles. Muscle and bone tissue samples were harvested 6, 12, 16, 26, 52, 78, and 104 weeks after implantation. Histology analysis was used to assess the histocompatibility, angiogenesis, and bone-implant contact. Micro-computed tomography was used to evaluate bone formation around the pins. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting revealed the expression level of the osteogenesis-related proteins. Addition of bioactive glass was demonstrated to possess better histocompatibility and reduce the inflammatory reactions in vivo. Moreover, PLDLA/silica-based bioactive glass fibers pins were demonstrated to promote angiogenesis and increase osteogenesis-related proteins expression, and thus played a positive role in osteogenesis and osseointegration after implantation. Our findings indicated that a composite of PLDLA and silica-based bioactive glass fiber is a promising biodegradable material for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youran Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunmao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chengkung Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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42
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Dissolution, bioactivity and osteogenic properties of composites based on polymer and silicate or borosilicate bioactive glass. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 107:110340. [PMID: 31761244 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BAG)/Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA) composites have great potential for bone tissue engineering. The interest in these materials is to obtain a scaffold with tailorable properties bringing together the advantages of the composites' constituents such as the biodegradability, bioactivity and osteoinduction. The materials studied are PLA/13-93 and PLA/13-93B20 (20% of SiO2 is replaced with B2O3 in the 13-93 composition). To characterize them, they were dissolved in TRIS buffer and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) in vitro. Over the 10 weeks of immersion in TRIS, the ion release from the composites was constant. Following immersion in SBF for 2 weeks, the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer was found to precipitate at the composites surface. By adding Boron, both these reactions were accelerated, as the borosilicate glass dissolves faster than pure silicate glass alone. Polymer degradation was studied and showed that during immersion, the pure PLA rods maintained their molecular weight whereby the composites decreased with time, but despite this the mechanical properties remained stable for at least 10 weeks. Their ability to induce osteogenic differentiation of myoblastic cells was also demonstrated with cell experiments showing that C2C12 cells were able to proliferate and spread on the composites. The Myosin Heavy Chain and Osteopontin were tracked by immunostaining the cells and showed a suppression of the myosin signal and the presence of osteopontin, when seeded onto the composites. This proves osteoinduction occurred. In studying the mineralization of the cells, it was found that BAG presence conditions the synthesizing of mineral matter in the cells. The results show that these composites have a potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Rasskazova LA, Zhuk IV, Korotchenko NM, Brichkov AS, Chen YW, Paukshtis EA, Ivanov VK, Kurzina IA, Kozik VV. Synthesis of Magnesium- and Silicon-modified Hydroxyapatites by Microwave-Assisted Method. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14836. [PMID: 31619688 PMCID: PMC6795999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanopowders of hydroxyapatite (HA), modified by magnesium (MgHA) and by silicon (SiHA) were obtained by liquid-phase microwave synthesis method. X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy results showed that Mg2+ and SiO44- ions were present in the synthesized products both as secondary phases and as part of the HA phase. Whitlockite was found in the magnesium-modified HA (MgHA) and larnite was found in the silicon-modified HA (SiHA); ion substitution for both materials resulted in solid solutions. In the synthesized samples of modified HA, the increase of particle size of powders was in the order HA < SiHA < MgHA, which was calculated through data specific surface area and measured pycnometric density of the powders. The Lewis acid sites (Ca2+, Mg2+, Si4+) were present using spectral probes on the surface of the samples of HA, MgHA, and SiHA, and the acidity of these sites decreased in the order SiHA > MgHA > HA. The rates of calcium phosphate layer deposition on the surface of these materials at 37 °C in the model simulated body fluid solution showed similar dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilya V Zhuk
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | | | - Anton S Brichkov
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Evgeniy A Paukshtis
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Vladimir K Ivanov
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Irina A Kurzina
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Kozik
- National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
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44
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Mesoporous bioactive glasses for bone healing and biomolecules delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110180. [PMID: 31753410 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Impact of bone diseases and injury is increasing at an enormous rate during the past decades due to increase in road traffic accidents and other injuries. Bioactive glasses have excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity that makes it suitable for bone regeneration. Researches and studies conducted on several bioactive glasses gives an insight on the need of multi-disciplinary approaches involving various scientific fields to attain its full potential. Of late, a next generation bioactive glass called as mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has been developed with higher specific surface area and control over mesoporous structure that presents a new material for bone regeneration. A brief discussion and overview on the potential use of MBG as a suitable material for bone tissue regeneration and biomolecule delivery is included. Additionally, possible control of the structural and functional property based on composition and fabrication techniques are also covered. According to recent researches, MBG-implant interaction with bone forming cells for cellular growth and differentiation as well as its effect on delivery of growth factor, both in vitro and in vivo, are optimistic; yet, the complete efficacy of this material is still to be explored. Hence, in this article we will review the current development and its applications for bone tissue engineering (TE).
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45
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Magri AMP, Fernandes KR, Kido HW, Fernandes GS, Fermino SDS, Gabbai-Armelin PR, Braga FJC, Góes CP, Prado JLDS, Neves Granito R, Rennó ACM. Bioglass/PLGA associated to photobiomodulation: effects on the healing process in an experimental model of calvarial bone defect. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:105. [PMID: 31494718 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BG) are known for their ability to bond to bone tissue. However, in critical situations, even the osteogenic properties of BG may be not enough to induce bone consolidation. Thus, the enrichment of BG with polymers such as Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and associated to photobiomodulation (PBM) may be a promising strategy to promote bone tissue healing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo performance of PLGA supplemented BG, associated to PBM therapy, using an experimental model of cranial bone defect in rats. Rats were distributed in 4 different groups (Bioglass, Bioglass/PBM, Bioglas/PLGA and BG/PLGA/PBM). After the surgical procedure to induce cranial bone defects, the pre-set samples were implanted and PBM treatment (low-level laser therapy) started (808 nm, 100 mW, 30 J/cm2). After 2 and 6 weeks, animals were euthanized, and the samples were retrieved for the histopathological, histomorphometric, picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemistry analysis. At 2 weeks post-surgery, it was observed granulation tissue and areas of newly formed bone in all experimental groups. At 6 weeks post-surgery, BG/PLGA (with or without PBM) more mature tissue around the biomaterial particles. Furthermore, there was a higher deposition of collagen for BG/PLGA in comparison with BG/PLGA/PBM, at second time-point. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated higher values of BM.V/TV for BG compared to BG/PLGA (2 weeks post-surgery) and N.Ob/T.Ar for BG/PLGA compared to BG and BG/PBM (6 weeks post-surgery). This current study concluded that the use of BG/PLGA composites, associated or not to PBM, is a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Paiva Magri
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11015020, Brazil.
- University Center of the Guaxupé Educational Foundation (UNIFEG), Avenida Dona Floriana, Guaxupé, MG, 37800000, Brazil.
| | | | - Hueliton Wilian Kido
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11015020, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cíntia Pereirade Góes
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11015020, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Neves Granito
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11015020, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Muniz Rennó
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11015020, Brazil
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46
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Núñez-Toldrà R, Montori S, Bosch B, Hupa L, Atari M, Miettinen S. S53P4 Bioactive Glass Inorganic Ions for Vascularized Bone Tissue Engineering by Dental Pulp Pluripotent-Like Stem Cell Cocultures. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1213-1224. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Núñez-Toldrà
- Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sheyla Montori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Begoña Bosch
- Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Maher Atari
- Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Surgery and Oral Implantology Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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47
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Westhauser F, Essers C, Karadjian M, Reible B, Schmidmaier G, Hagmann S, Moghaddam A. Supplementation with 45S5 Bioactive Glass Reduces In Vivo Resorption of the β-Tricalcium-Phosphate-Based Bone Substitute Material Vitoss. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174253. [PMID: 31480285 PMCID: PMC6747147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other materials such as 45S5 bioactive glass (BG), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based bone substitutes such as Vitoss show limited material-driven stimulation of osteogenesis and/or angiogenesis. The unfavorable degradation kinetics of β-TCP-based bone substitutes may result in an imbalance between resorption and osseous regeneration. Composite materials like Vitoss BA (Vitoss supplemented with 20 wt % 45S5-BG particles) might help to overcome these limitations. However, the influence of BG particles in Vitoss BA compared to unsupplemented Vitoss on osteogenesis, resorption behavior, and angiogenesis is not yet described. In this study, Vitoss and Vitoss BA scaffolds were seeded with human mesenchymal stromal cells before subcutaneous implantation in immunodeficient mice for 10 weeks. Scaffold resorption was monitored by micro-computed tomography, while osteoid formation and vascularization were assessed by histomorphometry and gene expression analysis. Whilst slightly more osteoid and improved angiogenesis were found in Vitoss BA, maturation of the osteoid was more advanced in Vitoss scaffolds. The volume of Vitoss implants decreased significantly, combined with a significantly increased presence of resorbing cells, whilst the volume remained stable in Vitoss BA scaffolds. Future studies should evaluate the interaction of 45S5-BG with resorbing cells and bone precursor cells in greater detail to improve the understanding and application of β-TCP/45S5-BG composite bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christopher Essers
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Karadjian
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Reible
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
- ATORG-Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany
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48
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Popescu RA, Tăbăran FA, Bogdan S, Fărcăṣanu A, Purdoiu R, Magyari K, Vulpoi A, Dreancă A, Sevastre B, Simon S, Papuc I, Baia L. Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1129-1140. [PMID: 31397056 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu A Popescu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Physics, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flaviu A Tăbăran
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sidonia Bogdan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Fărcăṣanu
- Faculty of Physics, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,National Centre of Magnetic Resonance, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Robert Purdoiu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Klara Magyari
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Vulpoi
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Dreancă
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sevastre
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Simon
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,National Centre of Magnetic Resonance, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ionel Papuc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Baia
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Physics, Babeṣ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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49
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Roi A, Ardelean LC, Roi CI, Boia ER, Boia S, Rusu LC. Oral Bone Tissue Engineering: Advanced Biomaterials for Cell Adhesion, Proliferation and Differentiation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2296. [PMID: 31323766 PMCID: PMC6679077 DOI: 10.3390/ma12142296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advancements made in biomaterials have an important impact on oral tissue engineering, especially on the bone regeneration process. Currently known as the gold standard in bone regeneration, grafting procedures can sometimes be successfully replaced by a biomaterial scaffold with proper characteristics. Whether natural or synthetic polymers, biomaterials can serve as potential scaffolds with major influences on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Continuous research has enabled the development of scaffolds that can be specifically designed to replace the targeted tissue through changes in their surface characteristics and the addition of growth factors and biomolecules. The progress in tissue engineering is incontestable and research shows promising contributions to the further development of this field. The present review aims to outline the progress in oral tissue engineering, the advantages of biomaterial scaffolds, their direct implication in the osteogenic process and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roi
- Department of Oral Pathology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean
- Department of Technology of Materials and Devices in Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu sq, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ciprian Ioan Roi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Oral Surgery, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugen-Radu Boia
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simina Boia
- Department of Periodontology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura-Cristina Rusu
- Department of Oral Pathology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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50
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Kaur G, Kumar V, Baino F, Mauro JC, Pickrell G, Evans I, Bretcanu O. Mechanical properties of bioactive glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and composites: State-of-the-art review and future challenges. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109895. [PMID: 31500047 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The repair and restoration of bone defects in orthopaedic and dental surgery remains a major challenge despite advances in surgical procedures and post-operative treatments. Bioactive glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and composites show considerable potential for such applications as they can promote bone tissue regeneration. This paper presents an overview of the mechanical properties of various bioactive materials, which have the potential for bone regeneration. It also identifies current strategies for improving the mechanical properties of these novel materials, as these are rarely ideal as direct replacements for human bone. For this reason bioactive organic-inorganic composites and hybrids that have tailorable mechanical properties are of particular interest. The inorganic component (bioactive glass, ceramic or glass-ceramic) can provide both strength and bioactivity, while the organic component can add structural reinforcement, toughness and processability. Another topic presented in this paper includes 3D porous scaffolds that act as a template for cell attachment, proliferation and bone growth. Mechanical limitations of existing glass and ceramic scaffolds are discussed, along with the relevant challenges and strategies for further improvement. Advantages and disadvantages of different bioactive materials are critically examined. This paper is focused on optimization of biomaterials properties, in particular mechanical properties and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurbinder Kaur
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar University, Patiala 147001, India.
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Shri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, India
| | - Francesco Baino
- Applied Science and Technology Department (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - John C Mauro
- College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, USA
| | - Gary Pickrell
- Material Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, VA 24060, USA
| | - Iain Evans
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Oana Bretcanu
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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