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Wang L, Zhang R, Jiang L, Gao S, Wu J, Jiao Y. Biomaterials as a new option for treating sensorineural hearing loss. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4006-4023. [PMID: 38979939 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) usually involves damage to complex auditory pathways such as inner ear cells and auditory nerves. The highly intricate and nuanced characteristics of these cells render their repair and regeneration extremely challenging, making it difficult to restore hearing to normal levels once it has been compromised. The effectiveness of traditional drugs is so minimal that they provide little help with the treatment. Fortunately, extensive experiments have demonstrated that combining biomaterials with conventional techniques significantly enhances drug effectiveness. This article reviews the research progress of biomaterials in protecting hair cells and the auditory nerve, repairing genes related to hearing, and developing artificial cochlear materials. By organizing the knowledge presented in this article, perhaps new insights can be provided for the clinical management of SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital (The Affiliated Twelfth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510620, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.
| | - Ruhe Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Linlan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital (The Affiliated Twelfth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510620, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.
| | - Shuyi Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital (The Affiliated Twelfth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510620, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China.
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuenong Jiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital (The Affiliated Twelfth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510620, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.
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2
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Duan W, Robles UA, Poole‐Warren L, Esrafilzadeh D. Bioelectronic Neural Interfaces: Improving Neuromodulation Through Organic Conductive Coatings. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306275. [PMID: 38115740 PMCID: PMC11251570 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Integration of bioelectronic devices in clinical practice is expanding rapidly, focusing on conditions ranging from sensory to neurological and mental health disorders. While platinum (Pt) electrodes in neuromodulation devices such as cochlear implants and deep brain stimulators have shown promising results, challenges still affect their long-term performance. Key among these are electrode and device longevity in vivo, and formation of encapsulating fibrous tissue. To overcome these challenges, organic conductors with unique chemical and physical properties are being explored. They hold great promise as coatings for neural interfaces, offering more rapid regulatory pathways and clinical implementation than standalone bioelectronics. This study provides a comprehensive review of the potential benefits of organic coatings in neuromodulation electrodes and the challenges that limit their effective integration into existing devices. It discusses issues related to metallic electrode use and introduces physical, electrical, and biological properties of organic coatings applied in neuromodulation. Furthermore, previously reported challenges related to organic coating stability, durability, manufacturing, and biocompatibility are thoroughly reviewed and proposed coating adhesion mechanisms are summarized. Understanding organic coating properties, modifications, and current challenges of organic coatings in clinical and industrial settings is expected to provide valuable insights for their future development and integration into organic bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Duan
- The Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | | | - Laura Poole‐Warren
- The Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Tyree Foundation Institute of Health EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
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3
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Fleet A, Nikookam Y, Radotra A, Gowrishankar S, Metcalfe C, Muzaffar J, Smith ME, Monksfield P, Bance M. Outcomes following cochlear implantation with eluting electrodes: A systematic review. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2024; 9:e1263. [PMID: 38855776 PMCID: PMC11160184 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To establish audiological and other outcomes following cochlear implantation in humans and animals with eluting electrodes. Methods Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Databases searched (April 2023): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science. Studies reporting outcomes in either humans or animals following cochlear implantation with a drug-eluting electrode were included. No limits were placed on language or year of publication. Risk of bias assessment was performed on all included studies using either the Brazzelli or Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) assessment tools. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Results Searches identified 146 abstracts and 108 full texts. Of these, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes in 523 animals (17 studies) and 24 humans (1 study). Eluting electrodes included dexamethasone (16 studies), aracytine (1 study), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1 study), the growth factors insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (1 study), and neurotrophin-3 (1 study). All included studies compare outcomes following implantation with an eluting electrode with a control non-eluting electrode. In the majority of studies, audiological outcomes (e.g., auditory brainstem response threshold) were superior following implantation with an eluting electrode compared with a standard electrode. Most studies which investigated post-implantation impedance reported lower impedance following implantation with an eluting electrode. The influence of eluting electrodes on other reported outcomes (including post-implantation cochlear fibrosis and the survival of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons) was more varied across the included studies. Conclusions Eluting electrodes have shown promise in animal studies in preserving residual hearing following cochlear implantation and in reducing impedance, though data from human studies remain lacking. Further in-human studies will be required to determine the clinical usefulness of drug-eluting cochlear implants as a future treatment for sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fleet
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Health CampusUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Yasmin Nikookam
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Anshul Radotra
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust New Cross HospitalWolverhamptonUK
| | - Shravan Gowrishankar
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Health CampusUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Jameel Muzaffar
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Health CampusUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Matthew E. Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Health CampusUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Peter Monksfield
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Manohar Bance
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Health CampusUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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4
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Tamo AK, Djouonkep LDW, Selabi NBS. 3D Printing of Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132123. [PMID: 38761909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
In tissue engineering, 3D printing represents a versatile technology employing inks to construct three-dimensional living structures, mimicking natural biological systems. This technology efficiently translates digital blueprints into highly reproducible 3D objects. Recent advances have expanded 3D printing applications, allowing for the fabrication of diverse anatomical components, including engineered functional tissues and organs. The development of printable inks, which incorporate macromolecules, enzymes, cells, and growth factors, is advancing with the aim of restoring damaged tissues and organs. Polysaccharides, recognized for their intrinsic resemblance to components of the extracellular matrix have garnered significant attention in the field of tissue engineering. This review explores diverse 3D printing techniques, outlining distinctive features that should characterize scaffolds used as ideal matrices in tissue engineering. A detailed investigation into the properties and roles of polysaccharides in tissue engineering is highlighted. The review also culminates in a profound exploration of 3D polysaccharide-based hydrogel applications, focusing on recent breakthroughs in regenerating different tissues such as skin, bone, cartilage, heart, nerve, vasculature, and skeletal muscle. It further addresses challenges and prospective directions in 3D printing hydrogels based on polysaccharides, paving the way for innovative research to fabricate functional tissues, enhancing patient care, and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, CNRS, UMR 5223, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France.
| | - Lesly Dasilva Wandji Djouonkep
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; Key Laboratory of Drilling and Production Engineering for Oil and Gas, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Naomie Beolle Songwe Selabi
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
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Abdel Aziz I, Gladisch J, Griggs S, Moser M, Biesmans H, Beloqui A, McCulloch I, Berggren M, Stavrinidou E. Drug delivery via a 3D electro-swellable conjugated polymer hydrogel. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4029-4038. [PMID: 38586978 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02592f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal controlled drug delivery minimizes side-effects and enables therapies that require specific dosing patterns. Conjugated polymers (CP) can be used for electrically controlled drug delivery; however so far, most demonstrations were limited to molecules up to 500 Da. Larger molecules could be incorporated only during the CP polymerization and thus limited to a single delivery. This work harnesses the record volume changes of a glycolated polythiophene p(g3T2) for controlled drug delivery. p(g3T2) undergoes reversible volumetric changes of up to 300% during electrochemical doping, forming pores in the nm-size range, resulting in a conducting hydrogel. p(g3T2)-coated 3D carbon sponges enable controlled loading and release of molecules spanning molecular weights of 800-6000 Da, from simple dyes up to the hormone insulin. Molecules are loaded as a combination of electrostatic interactions with the charged polymer backbone and physical entrapment in the porous matrix. Smaller molecules leak out of the polymer while larger ones could not be loaded effectively. Finally, this work shows the temporally patterned release of molecules with molecular weight of 1300 Da and multiple reloading and release cycles without affecting the on/off ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Abdel Aziz
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Johannes Gladisch
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Griggs
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Hanne Biesmans
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Ana Beloqui
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | | | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Eleni Stavrinidou
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
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6
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Sturgill B, Hernandez-Reynoso AG, Druschel LN, Smith TJ, Boucher PE, Hoeferlin GF, Thai TTD, Jiang MS, Hess JL, Alam NN, Menendez DM, Duncan JL, Cogan SF, Pancrazio JJ, Capadona JR. Reactive Amine Functionalized Microelectrode Arrays Provide Short-Term Benefit but Long-Term Detriment to In Vivo Recording Performance. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1052-1063. [PMID: 38290529 PMCID: PMC10880090 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are used for recording neural signals. However, indwelling devices result in chronic neuroinflammation, which leads to decreased recording performance through degradation of the device and surrounding tissue. Coating the MEAs with bioactive molecules is being explored to mitigate neuroinflammation. Such approaches often require an intermediate functionalization step such as (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), which serves as a linker. However, the standalone effect of this intermediate step has not been previously characterized. Here, we investigated the effect of coating MEAs with APTES by comparing APTES-coated to uncoated controls in vivo and ex vivo. First, we measured water contact angles between silicon uncoated and APTES-coated substrates to verify the hydrophilic characteristics of the APTES coating. Next, we implanted MEAs in the motor cortex (M1) of Sprague-Dawley rats with uncoated or APTES-coated devices. We assessed changes in the electrochemical impedance and neural recording performance over a chronic implantation period of 16 weeks. Additionally, histology and bulk gene expression were analyzed to understand further the reactive tissue changes arising from the coating. Results showed that APTES increased the hydrophilicity of the devices and decreased electrochemical impedance at 1 kHz. APTES coatings proved detrimental to the recording performance, as shown by a constant decay up to 16 weeks postimplantation. Bulk gene analysis showed differential changes in gene expression between groups that were inconclusive with regard to the long-term effect on neuronal tissue. Together, these results suggest that APTES coatings are ultimately detrimental to chronic neural recordings. Furthermore, interpretations of studies using APTES as a functionalization step should consider the potential consequences if the final functionalization step is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon
S. Sturgill
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Ana G. Hernandez-Reynoso
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Lindsey N. Druschel
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Thomas J. Smith
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Pierce E. Boucher
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - George F. Hoeferlin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Teresa Thuc Doan Thai
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Madison S. Jiang
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jordan L. Hess
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Neeha N. Alam
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Dhariyat M. Menendez
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Duncan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Stuart F. Cogan
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Joseph J. Pancrazio
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Capadona
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Hu M, Liang C, Wang D. Implantable bioelectrodes: challenges, strategies, and future directions. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:270-287. [PMID: 38175154 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01204b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Implantable bioelectrodes for regulating and monitoring biological behaviors have become indispensable medical devices in modern healthcare, alleviating pathological symptoms such as epilepsy and arrhythmia, and assisting in reversing conditions such as deafness and blindness. In recent years, developments in the fields of materials science and biomedical engineering have contributed to advances in research on implantable bioelectrodes. However, the foreign body reaction (FBR) is still a major constraint for the long-term application of electrodes. In this paper, four types of commonly used implantable bioelectrodes are reviewed, concentrating on their background, development, and a series of complications caused by FBR after long-term implantation. Strategies for resisting FBRs are then devised in terms of physics, chemistry, and nanotechnology. We analyze the major trends in the future development of implantable bioelectrodes and outline some promising research to optimize the long-term operational stability of electrodes. Although current implantable bioelectrodes have been able to achieve good biocompatibility, low impedance, and low mechanical mismatch and trauma, these devices still face the challenge of FBR. Resistance to FBR is still the key for the long-term effectiveness of bioelectrodes, and a better understanding of the mechanisms of FBR, as well as miniaturization, long-term passivation, and coupling with gene therapy may be the way forward for the next generation of implantable bioelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Chunyong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart Theranostics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
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8
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Lu J, Wang M, Meng Y, An W, Wang X, Sun G, Wang H, Liu W. Current advances in biomaterials for inner ear cell regeneration. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1334162. [PMID: 38282621 PMCID: PMC10811200 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1334162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Inner ear cell regeneration from stem/progenitor cells provides potential therapeutic strategies for the restoration of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), however, the efficiency of regeneration is low and the functions of differentiated cells are not yet mature. Biomaterials have been used in inner ear cell regeneration to construct a more physiologically relevant 3D culture system which mimics the stem cell microenvironment and facilitates cellular interactions. Currently, these biomaterials include hydrogel, conductive materials, magneto-responsive materials, photo-responsive materials, etc. We analyzed the characteristics and described the advantages and limitations of these materials. Furthermore, we reviewed the mechanisms by which biomaterials with different physicochemical properties act on the inner ear cell regeneration and depicted the current status of the material selection based on their characteristics to achieve the reconstruction of the auditory circuits. The application of biomaterials in inner ear cell regeneration offers promising opportunities for the reconstruction of the auditory circuits and the restoration of hearing, yet biomaterials should be strategically explored and combined according to the obstacles to be solved in the inner ear cell regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Weibin An
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
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9
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Woeppel KM, Krahe DD, Robbins EM, Vazquez AL, Cui XT. Electrically Controlled Vasodilator Delivery from PEDOT/Silica Nanoparticle Modulates Vessel Diameter in Mouse Brain. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301221. [PMID: 37916912 PMCID: PMC10842908 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular damage and reduced tissue perfusion are expected to majorly contribute to the loss of neurons or neural signals around implanted electrodes. However, there are limited methods of controlling the vascular dynamics in tissues surrounding these implants. This work utilizes conducting polymer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) and sulfonated silica nanoparticle composite (PEDOT/SNP) to load and release a vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, to controllably dilate the vasculature around carbon fiber electrodes (CFEs) implanted in the mouse cortex. The vasodilator release is triggered via electrical stimulation and the amount of release increases with increasing electrical pulses. The vascular dynamics are monitored in real-time using two-photon microscopy, with changes in vessel diameters quantified before, during, and after the release of the vasodilator into the tissues. This work observes significant increases in vessel diameters when the vasodilator is electrically triggered to release, and differential effects of the drug release on vessels of different sizes. In conclusion, the use of nanoparticle reservoirs in conducting polymer-based drug delivery platforms enables the controlled delivery of vasodilator into the implant environment, effectively altering the local vascular dynamics on demand. With further optimization, this technology could be a powerful tool to improve the neural electrode-tissue interface and study neurovascular coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Woeppel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Daniela D Krahe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Elaine M Robbins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Alberto L Vazquez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, United States
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10
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Qian S, Lin HA, Pan Q, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Geng Z, Wu Q, He Y, Zhu B. Chemically revised conducting polymers with inflammation resistance for intimate bioelectronic electrocoupling. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:24-51. [PMID: 36875055 PMCID: PMC9975642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymers offer attractive mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, tunable interfacial barrier with metal, tissue matchable softness, and versatile chemical functionalization, making them robust to bridge the gap between brain tissue and electronic circuits. This review focuses on chemically revised conducting polymers, combined with their superior and controllable electrochemical performance, to fabricate long-term bioelectronic implants, addressing chronic immune responses, weak neuron attraction, and long-term electrocommunication instability challenges. Moreover, the promising progress of zwitterionic conducting polymers in bioelectronic implants (≥4 weeks stable implantation) is highlighted, followed by a comment on their current evolution toward selective neural coupling and reimplantable function. Finally, a critical forward look at the future of zwitterionic conducting polymers for in vivo bioelectronic devices is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hsing-An Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qichao Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yong He
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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11
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Huang Z, Chen S, Zhang G, Almadhor A, Li R, Li M, Abbas M, Nguyen Le B, Zhang J, Huang Y. Nanocatalysts as fast and powerful medical intervention: Bridging cochlear implant therapies and advanced modelling using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for effective treatment of infections. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116285. [PMID: 37301496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As human population growth and waste from technologically advanced industries threaten to destabilise our delicate ecological equilibrium, the global spotlight intensifies on environmental contamination and climate-related changes. These challenges extend beyond our external environment and have significant effects on our internal ecosystems. The inner ear, which is responsible for balance and auditory perception, is a prime example. When these sensory mechanisms are impaired, disorders such as deafness can develop. Traditional treatment methods, including systemic antibiotics, are frequently ineffective due to inadequate inner ear penetration. Conventional techniques for administering substances to the inner ear fail to obtain adequate concentrations as well. In this context, cochlear implants laden with nanocatalysts emerge as a promising strategy for the targeted treatment of inner ear infections. Coated with biocompatible nanoparticles containing specific nanocatalysts, these implants can degrade or neutralise contaminants linked to inner ear infections. This method enables the controlled release of nanocatalysts directly at the infection site, thereby maximising therapeutic efficacy and minimising adverse effects. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that these implants are effective at eliminating infections, reducing inflammation, and fostering tissue regeneration in the ear. This study investigates the application of hidden Markov models (HMMs) to nanocatalyst-loaded cochlear implants. The HMM is trained on surgical phases in order to accurately identify the various phases associated with implant utilisation. This facilitates the precision placement of surgical instruments within the ear, with a location accuracy between 91% and 95% and a standard deviation between 1% and 5% for both sites. In conclusion, nanocatalysts serve as potent medicinal instruments, bridging cochlear implant therapies and advanced modelling utilising hidden Markov models for the effective treatment of inner ear infections. Cochlear implants loaded with nanocatalysts offer a promising method to combat inner ear infections and enhance patient outcomes by addressing the limitations of conventional treatments.
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12
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Paramshetti S, Angolkar M, Al Fatease A, Alshahrani SM, Hani U, Garg A, Ravi G, Osmani RAM. Revolutionizing Drug Delivery and Therapeutics: The Biomedical Applications of Conductive Polymers and Composites-Based Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041204. [PMID: 37111689 PMCID: PMC10145001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The first conductive polymers (CPs) were developed during the 1970s as a unique class of organic substances with properties that are electrically and optically comparable to those of inorganic semiconductors and metals while also exhibiting the desirable traits of conventional polymers. CPs have become a subject of intensive research due to their exceptional qualities, such as high mechanical and optical properties, tunable electrical characteristics, ease of synthesis and fabrication, and higher environmental stability than traditional inorganic materials. Although conducting polymers have several limitations in their pure state, coupling with other materials helps overcome these drawbacks. Owing to the fact that various types of tissues are responsive to stimuli and electrical fields has made these smart biomaterials attractive for a range of medical and biological applications. For various applications, including the delivery of drugs, biosensors, biomedical implants, and tissue engineering, electrical CPs and composites have attracted significant interest in both research and industry. These bimodalities can be programmed to respond to both internal and external stimuli. Additionally, these smart biomaterials have the ability to deliver drugs in various concentrations and at an extensive range. This review briefly discusses the commonly used CPs, composites, and their synthesis processes. Further highlights the importance of these materials in drug delivery along with their applicability in various delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Paramshetti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Mohit Angolkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M Alshahrani
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Bisha University, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ankitha Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Gundawar Ravi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
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13
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Talebian S, Mendes B, Conniot J, Farajikhah S, Dehghani F, Li Z, Bitoque D, Silva G, Naficy S, Conde J, Wallace GG. Biopolymeric Coatings for Local Release of Therapeutics from Biomedical Implants. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207603. [PMID: 36782094 PMCID: PMC10131825 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The deployment of structures that enable localized release of bioactive molecules can result in more efficacious treatment of disease and better integration of implantable bionic devices. The strategic design of a biopolymeric coating can be used to engineer the optimal release profile depending on the task at hand. As illustrative examples, here advances in delivery of drugs from bone, brain, ocular, and cardiovascular implants are reviewed. These areas are focused to highlight that both hard and soft tissue implants can benefit from controlled localized delivery. The composition of biopolymers used to achieve appropriate delivery to the selected tissue types, and their corresponding outcomes are brought to the fore. To conclude, key factors in designing drug-loaded biopolymeric coatings for biomedical implants are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Talebian
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Bárbara Mendes
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - João Conniot
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Syamak Farajikhah
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Zhongyan Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Diogo Bitoque
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Gabriela Silva
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - João Conde
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Gordon G. Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityUniversity of WollongongSydneyNSW2522Australia
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14
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Kiran Raj G, Singh E, Hani U, Ramesh KVRNS, Talath S, Garg A, Savadatti K, Bhatt T, Madhuchandra K, Osmani RAM. Conductive polymers and composites-based systems: An incipient stride in drug delivery and therapeutics realm. J Control Release 2023; 355:709-729. [PMID: 36805872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel therapies and drug delivery systems (DDS) emphasis on localized, personalized, triggered, and regulated drug administration have heavily implicated electrically responsive DDS. An ideal DDS must deliver drugs to the target region at therapeutically effective concentrations to elicit a pharmacological response, resulting in better prophylaxis of the disease and the treatment. Biodegradable polymers are frequently employed for in-vivo long-term release; however, dose dumping can be anticipated. As a result, current DDSs can be tagged as dubbed "Smart Biomaterials" since they only focus on an on-demand cargo release in response to a trigger or stimulation. These organic materials have been recognized for their metal-like conductivity, as well as their mechanical stability and ease of production. These biomaterials can be programmed to respond to both internal and external stimuli. External pulsed triggers are required for extrinsic stimuli-responsive materials, whereas intrinsic stimuli-responsive materials rely on localized changes in the tissue environment. Furthermore, these materials have the ability to deliver active pharmaceutical agents at a varied concentration levels and across a broad spectrum of action. Drug delivery, biomedical implant technology, biosensor technology, and tissue engineering can be listed as a few prominent applications that have sparked immense interest for conductive polymers-based research and advancements in academia as well as in industry. This review comprehensively covers a cutting-edge collection of electrically conductive polymers and composites, and provide detailed insights of recent trends and advancements allied to conductive polymers for their potential applicability in an array of diverse meadows primarily focusing on drug delivery, biosensing and therapeutics. Furthermore, progressions in their synthesis, structural and functional properties have been presented in conjunction with futuristic directions for the smooth clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kiran Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston TX-77555, United States; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB), Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - K V R N S Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sirajunisa Talath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankitha Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Savadatti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - K Madhuchandra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.
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15
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Sun F, Jiang H, Wang H, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Xing Y, Yu M, Feng LW, Tang Z, Liu J, Sun H, Wang H, Wang G, Zhu M. Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4693-4763. [PMID: 36753731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibers, originating from nature and mastered by human, have woven their way throughout the entire history of human civilization. Recent developments in semiconducting polymer materials have further endowed fibers and textiles with various electronic functions, which are attractive in applications such as information interfacing, personalized medicine, and clean energy. Owing to their ability to be easily integrated into daily life, soft fiber electronics based on semiconducting polymers have gained popularity recently for wearable and implantable applications. Herein, we present a review of the previous and current progress in semiconducting polymer-based fiber electronics, particularly focusing on smart-wearable and implantable areas. First, we provide a brief overview of semiconducting polymers from the viewpoint of materials based on the basic concepts and functionality requirements of different devices. Then we analyze the existing applications and associated devices such as information interfaces, healthcare and medicine, and energy conversion and storage. The working principle and performance of semiconducting polymer-based fiber devices are summarized. Furthermore, we focus on the fabrication techniques of fiber devices. Based on the continuous fabrication of one-dimensional fiber and yarn, we introduce two- and three-dimensional fabric fabricating methods. Finally, we review challenges and relevant perspectives and potential solutions to address the related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yueheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yiman Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Muhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects and Electro-Optical Engineering, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Hengda Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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16
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Boys AJ, Carnicer-Lombarte A, Güemes-Gonzalez A, van Niekerk DC, Hilton S, Barone DG, Proctor CM, Owens RM, Malliaras GG. 3D Bioelectronics with a Remodellable Matrix for Long-Term Tissue Integration and Recording. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207847. [PMID: 36458737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics hold the key for understanding and treating disease. However, achieving stable, long-term interfaces between electronics and the body remains a challenge. Implantation of a bioelectronic device typically initiates a foreign body response, which can limit long-term recording and stimulation efficacy. Techniques from regenerative medicine have shown a high propensity for promoting integration of implants with surrounding tissue, but these implants lack the capabilities for the sophisticated recording and actuation afforded by electronics. Combining these two fields can achieve the best of both worlds. Here, the construction of a hybrid implant system for creating long-term interfaces with tissue is shown. Implants are created by combining a microelectrode array with a bioresorbable and remodellable gel. These implants are shown to produce a minimal foreign body response when placed into musculature, allowing one to record long-term electromyographic signals with high spatial resolution. This device platform drives the possibility for a new generation of implantable electronics for long-term interfacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Amparo Güemes-Gonzalez
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Douglas C van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Sam Hilton
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Damiano G Barone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, University Neurology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christopher M Proctor
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
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17
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Chu TSM, Chan J. The 100 Most-Cited Manuscripts in Hearing Implants: A Bibliometrics Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e33711. [PMID: 36793822 PMCID: PMC9925031 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to characterise the most frequently cited articles on the topic of hearing implants. A systematic search was carried out using the Thomson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection database. Eligibility criteria restricted the results to primary studies and reviews published from 1970 to 2022 in English dealing primarily with hearing implants. Data including the authors, year of publication, journal, country of origin, number of citations and average number of citations per year were extracted, as well as the impact factors and five-year impact factor of journals publishing the articles. The top 100 papers were published across 23 journals and were cited 23,139 times. The most-cited and influential article describes the first use of the continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) strategy utilised in all modern cochlear implants. More than half of the studies on the list were produced by authors from the United States, and the Ear and Hearing journal had both the greatest number of articles and the greatest number of total citations. To conclude, this research serves as a guide to the most influential articles on the topic of hearing implants, although bibliometric analyses mainly focus on citations. The most-cited article was an influential description of CIS.
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18
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Karamali F, Behtaj S, Babaei-Abraki S, Hadady H, Atefi A, Savoj S, Soroushzadeh S, Najafian S, Nasr Esfahani MH, Klassen H. Potential therapeutic strategies for photoreceptor degeneration: the path to restore vision. J Transl Med 2022; 20:572. [PMID: 36476500 PMCID: PMC9727916 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptors (PRs), as the most abundant and light-sensing cells of the neuroretina, are responsible for converting light into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. PR degeneration, including morphological and functional impairment of these cells, causes significant diminution of the retina's ability to detect light, with consequent loss of vision. Recent findings in ocular regenerative medicine have opened promising avenues to apply neuroprotective therapy, gene therapy, cell replacement therapy, and visual prostheses to the challenge of restoring vision. However, successful visual restoration in the clinical setting requires application of these therapeutic approaches at the appropriate stage of the retinal degeneration. In this review, firstly, we discuss the mechanisms of PR degeneration by focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying cell death. Subsequently, innovations, recent developments, and promising treatments based on the stage of disorder progression are further explored. Then, the challenges to be addressed before implementation of these therapies in clinical practice are considered. Finally, potential solutions to overcome the current limitations of this growing research area are suggested. Overall, the majority of current treatment modalities are still at an early stage of development and require extensive additional studies, both pre-clinical and clinical, before full restoration of visual function in PR degeneration diseases can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Karamali
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Behtaj
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Clem Jones Centre for Neurobiology and Stem Cell Research, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia ,grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Shahnaz Babaei-Abraki
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hanieh Hadady
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Atefi
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soraya Savoj
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sareh Soroushzadeh
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Najafian
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- grid.417689.5Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Henry Klassen
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA USA
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19
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Benny Mattam L, Bijoy A, Abraham Thadathil D, George L, Varghese A. Conducting Polymers: A Versatile Material for Biomedical Applications. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liya Benny Mattam
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road, Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Anusha Bijoy
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road, Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Ditto Abraham Thadathil
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road, Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Louis George
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road, Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road, Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
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20
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Dong M, Coleman HA, Tonta MA, Xiong Z, Li D, Thomas S, Liu M, Fallon JB, Parkington HC, Forsythe JS. Rapid electrophoretic deposition of biocompatible graphene coatings for high-performance recording neural electrodes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15845-15858. [PMID: 36259692 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The electrical and biological interfacial properties of invasive electrodes have a significant impact on the performance and longevity of neural recordings in the brain. In this study, we demonstrated rapid electrophoretic deposition and electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) on metal-based neural electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other characterizations confirmed the existence of a uniform and effectively reduced graphene oxide coating. Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) coated Pt/Ir neural electrodes exhibited 15.2-fold increase in charge storage capacity (CSC) and 90% decrease in impedance with only 3.8% increase in electrode diameter. Patch clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging of primary rat hippocampus neurons cultured on ErGO demonstrated that there was no adverse impact on the functional development of neurons. Immunostaining showed a balanced growth of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and astrocytes. Acute recordings from the auditory cortex and chronic recordings (19 days) from the somatosensory cortex found ErGO coating improved the performance of neural electrodes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and amplitude of signals. The proposed approach not only provides an in-depth evaluation of the effect of ErGO coating on neural electrodes but also widens the coating methods of commercial neural electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miheng Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
| | - Harold A Coleman
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mary A Tonta
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Minsu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528200, China
| | - James B Fallon
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Helena C Parkington
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John S Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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21
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Recent Advances in Cochlear Implant Electrode Array Design Parameters. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071081. [PMID: 35888898 PMCID: PMC9323156 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear implants are neural implant devices that aim to restore hearing in patients with severe sensorineural hearing impairment. Here, the main goal is to successfully place the electrode array in the cochlea to stimulate the auditory nerves through bypassing damaged hair cells. Several electrode and electrode array parameters affect the success of this technique, but, undoubtedly, the most important one is related to electrodes, which are used for nerve stimulation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive resource on the electrodes currently being used in cochlear implant devices. Electrode materials, shape, and the effect of spacing between electrodes on the stimulation, stiffness, and flexibility of electrode-carrying arrays are discussed. The use of sensors and the electrical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of electrode arrays are examined. A large library of preferred electrodes is reviewed, and recent progress in electrode design parameters is analyzed. Finally, the limitations and challenges of the current technology are discussed along with a proposal of future directions in the field.
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22
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Wu Y, Rakotoarisoa M, Angelov B, Deng Y, Angelova A. Self-Assembled Nanoscale Materials for Neuronal Regeneration: A Focus on BDNF Protein and Nucleic Acid Biotherapeutic Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132267. [PMID: 35808102 PMCID: PMC9268293 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Enabling challenging applications of nanomedicine and precision medicine in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders requires deeper investigations of nanocarrier-mediated biomolecular delivery for neuronal targeting and recovery. The successful use of macromolecular biotherapeutics (recombinant growth factors, antibodies, enzymes, synthetic peptides, cell-penetrating peptide–drug conjugates, and RNAi sequences) in clinical developments for neuronal regeneration should benefit from the recent strategies for enhancement of their bioavailability. We highlight the advances in the development of nanoscale materials for drug delivery in neurodegenerative disorders. The emphasis is placed on nanoformulations for the delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) using different types of lipidic nanocarriers (liposomes, liquid crystalline or solid lipid nanoparticles) and polymer-based scaffolds, nanofibers and hydrogels. Self-assembled soft-matter nanoscale materials show favorable neuroprotective characteristics, safety, and efficacy profiles in drug delivery to the central and peripheral nervous systems. The advances summarized here indicate that neuroprotective biomolecule-loaded nanoparticles and injectable hydrogels can improve neuronal survival and reduce tissue injury. Certain recently reported neuronal dysfunctions in long-COVID-19 survivors represent early manifestations of neurodegenerative pathologies. Therefore, BDNF delivery systems may also help in prospective studies on recovery from long-term COVID-19 neurological complications and be considered as promising systems for personalized treatment of neuronal dysfunctions and prevention or retarding of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (Y.W.); (M.R.)
| | - Miora Rakotoarisoa
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (Y.W.); (M.R.)
| | - Borislav Angelov
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, CZ-18221 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Yuru Deng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1, Jinlian Road, Longwan District, Wenzhou 325001, China;
| | - Angelina Angelova
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (Y.W.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 5% of the world's population have a disabling hearing loss which can be managed by hearing aids or implanted electrical devices. However, outcomes are highly variable, and the sound perceived by recipients is far from perfect. Sparked by the discovery of progenitor cells in the cochlea and rapid progress in drug delivery to the cochlea, biological and pharmaceutical therapies are currently in development to improve the function of the cochlear implant or eliminate the need for it altogether. AREAS COVERED This review highlights progress in emerging regenerative strategies to restore hearing and adjunct therapies to augment the cochlear implant. Novel approaches include the reprogramming of progenitor cells to restore the sensory hair cell population in the cochlea, gene therapy and gene editing to treat hereditary and acquired hearing loss. A detailed review of optogenetics is also presented as a technique that could enable optical stimulation of the spiral ganglion neurons, replacing or complementing electrical stimulation. EXPERT OPINION Increasing evidence of substantial reversal of hearing loss in animal models, alongside rapid advances in delivery strategies to the cochlea and learnings from clinical trials will amalgamate into a biological or pharmaceutical therapy to replace or complement the cochlear implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Ajay
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Department of Engineering
| | | | - Rachael Richardson
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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PLLA Coating of Active Implants for Dual Drug Release. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041417. [PMID: 35209205 PMCID: PMC8875406 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implants, like other active implants, rely on precise and effective electrical stimulation of the target tissue but become encapsulated by different amounts of fibrous tissue. The current study aimed at the development of a dual drug release from a PLLA coating and from the bulk material to address short-term and long-lasting release of anti-inflammatory drugs. Inner-ear cytocompatibility of drugs was studied in vitro. A PLLA coating (containing diclofenac) of medical-grade silicone (containing 5% dexamethasone) was developed and release profiles were determined. The influence of different coating thicknesses (2.5, 5 and 10 µm) and loadings (10% and 20% diclofenac) on impedances of electrical contacts were measured with and without pulsatile electrical stimulation. Diclofenac can be applied to the inner ear at concentrations of or below 4 × 10−5 mol/L. Release of dexamethasone from the silicone is diminished by surface coating but not blocked. Addition of 20% diclofenac enhances the dexamethasone release again. All PLLA coatings serve as insulator. This can be overcome by using removable masking on the contacts during the coating process. Dual drug release with different kinetics can be realized by adding drug-loaded coatings to drug-loaded silicone arrays without compromising electrical stimulation.
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25
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Manousiouthakis E, Park J, Hardy JG, Lee JY, Schmidt CE. Towards the translation of electroconductive organic materials for regeneration of neural tissues. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:22-42. [PMID: 34339871 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based conductive and electroactive materials (e.g., derivatives of graphene, fullerenes, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline) have been studied since the 1970s for use in a broad range of applications. These materials have electrical properties comparable to those of commonly used metals, while providing other benefits such as flexibility in processing and modification with biologics (e.g., cells, biomolecules), to yield electroactive materials with biomimetic mechanical and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the uses of these electroconductive materials in the context of the central and peripheral nervous system, specifically recent studies in the peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, eye, and ear. We also highlight in vivo studies and clinical trials, as well as a snapshot of emerging classes of electroconductive materials (e.g., biodegradable materials). We believe such specialized electrically conductive biomaterials will clinically impact the field of tissue regeneration in the foreseeable future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review addresses the use of conductive and electroactive materials for neural tissue regeneration, which is of significant interest to a broad readership, and of particular relevance to the growing community of scientists, engineers and clinicians in academia and industry who develop novel medical devices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The review covers the materials that may be employed (primarily focusing on derivatives of fullerenes, graphene and conjugated polymers) and techniques used to analyze materials composed thereof, followed by sections on the application of these materials to nervous tissues (i.e., peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, optical, and auditory tissues) throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Manousiouthakis
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States.
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26
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Li M, Mu Y, Cai H, Wu H, Ding Y. Application of New Materials in Auditory Disease Treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:831591. [PMID: 35173583 PMCID: PMC8841849 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.831591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory diseases are disabling public health problems that afflict a significant number of people worldwide, and they remain largely incurable until now. Driven by continuous innovation in the fields of chemistry, physics, and materials science, novel materials that can be applied to hearing diseases are constantly emerging. In contrast to conventional materials, new materials are easily accessible, inexpensive, non-invasive, with better acoustic therapy effects and weaker immune rejection after implantation. When new materials are used to treat auditory diseases, the wound healing, infection prevention, disease recurrence, hair cell regeneration, functional recovery, and other aspects have been significantly improved. Despite these advances, clinical success has been limited, largely due to issues regarding a lack of effectiveness and safety. With ever-developing scientific research, more novel materials will be facilitated into clinical use in the future.
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27
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Shabeeba A, Sidheekha MP, Rajan L, Ismail YA. Flexible hybrid film of polypyrrole incorporated chitosan as a biomimetic multistep electrochemical sensor of working temperature: a potentiodynamic study. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31911-31922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A flexible polypyrrole/hydrogel hybrid film composed of macromolecular electrochemical machines is considered as a model material of the intracellular matrix of ectothermic muscle cells capable of sensing ambient thermal energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranhikundan Shabeeba
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Madari Palliyalil Sidheekha
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Lijin Rajan
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Yahya A. Ismail
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Kerala 673635, India
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28
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Chen D, Luo Y, Pan J, Chen A, Ma D, Xu M, Tang J, Zhang H. Long-Term Release of Dexamethasone With a Polycaprolactone-Coated Electrode Alleviates Fibrosis in Cochlear Implantation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:740576. [PMID: 34778254 PMCID: PMC8589109 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.740576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implantation (CI) is the major treatment for severe sensorineural hearing loss. However, the fibrotic tissue forming around the electrodes reduces the treatment effectiveness of CI. Dexamethasone (DEX) is usually applied routinely in perioperative treatment of cochlear implantation (CI), but its diffusion in the inner ear after systemic administration is limited. In the present study, an electrode coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) loaded with dexamethasone was developed with a simple preparation process to maintain the stability of the electrode itself. The DEX-loaded PCL coating has good biocompatibility and does not change the smoothness, flexibility, or compliance of the implant electrode. Stable and effective DEX concentrations were maintained for more than 9 months. Compared with the pristine electrode, decreasing intracochlear fibrosis, protection of hair cells and spiral ganglion cells, and better residual hearing were observed 5 weeks after PCL-DEX electrode implantation. The PCL-DEX electrode has great potential in preventing hearing loss and fibrosis by regulating macrophages and inhibiting the expression of the fibrosis-related factors IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, and TGF-β1. In conclusion, the PCL-DEX electrode coating shows promising application in CI surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiu Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjing Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anning Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muqing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Luo Y, Chen A, Xu M, Chen D, Tang J, Ma D, Zhang H. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro/ vivo evaluation of dexamethasone/poly(ε-caprolactone)-based electrode coatings for cochlear implants. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1673-1684. [PMID: 34347538 PMCID: PMC8344245 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1960927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With dexamethasone as the model drug and polycaprolactone (PCL) as the carrier material, a drug delivery coating for cochlear electrodes was prepared, to control cochlear fibrosis caused by cochlear implantation. A dexamethasone/poly (ε-caprolactone)-based electrode coating was prepared using the impregnation coating method. Preparation parameters were optimized, yielding 1 impregnation instance, impregnation time of 10 s, and PCL concentration of 10%. The coating was characterized in vitro using scanning electron microscopy, a universal machine, high-performance liquid chromatography, and CCK-8. The surface was porous and uniformly thick (average thickness, 48.67 µm)—with good flexibility, long-term slow drug release, and optimal drug concentration—and was biologically safe. The experimental results show that PCL is an ideal controlled-release material for dexamethasone as a drug carrier coating for cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anning Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muqing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxiu Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hearing Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Ciorba A, Skarżyński PH, Gocmenler H, Hatzopoulos S. Advances in Pediatric and Adult Cochlear Implant and Middle Ear Prostheses. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3152. [PMID: 34300318 PMCID: PMC8307648 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this special issue, entitled 'Advances in Pediatric and Adult Cochlear Implant and Middle Ear Prostheses', is to report the undergoing novel research in the area of ear prostheses, either for the middle or inner ear [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ciorba
- Audiology and ENT Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, University of Ferrara, 44224 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Piotr H. Skarżyński
- Institute of Sensory Organs, Kajetany, 05-830 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hulya Gocmenler
- Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34720, Turkey;
| | - Stavros Hatzopoulos
- Audiology and ENT Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, University of Ferrara, 44224 Ferrara, Italy;
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31
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Olvera D, Monaghan MG. Electroactive material-based biosensors for detection and drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:396-424. [PMID: 32987096 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electroactive materials are employed at the interface of biology and electronics due to their advantageous intrinsic properties as soft organic electronics. We examine the most recent literature of electroactive material-based biosensors and their emerging role as theranostic devices for the delivery of therapeutic agents. We consider electroactive materials through the lens of smart drug delivery systems as materials that enable the release of therapeutic cargo in response to specific physiological and external stimuli and discuss the way these mechanisms are integrated into medical devices with examples of the latest advances. Studies that harness features unique to conductive polymers are emphasized; lastly, we highlight new perspectives and future research direction for this emerging technology and the challenges that remain to overcome.
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32
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Cheah E, Wu Z, Thakur SS, O'Carroll SJ, Svirskis D. Externally triggered release of growth factors - A tissue regeneration approach. J Control Release 2021; 332:74-95. [PMID: 33600882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration aims to achieve functional restoration following injury by creating an environment to enable the body to self-repair. Strategies for regeneration rely on the introduction of biomaterial scaffolding, cells and bioactive molecules into the body, at or near the injury site. Of these bioactive molecules, growth factors (GFs) play a pivotal role in directing regenerative pathways for many cell populations. However, the therapeutic use of GFs has been limited by the complexity of biological injury and repair, and the properties of the GFs themselves, including their short half-life, poor tissue penetration, and off-target side effects. Externally triggered delivery systems have the potential to facilitate the delivery of GFs into the target tissues with considerations of the timing, sequence, amount, and location of GF presentation. This review briefly discusses the challenges facing the therapeutic use of GFs, then, we discuss approaches to externally trigger GF release from delivery systems categorised by stimulation type; ultrasound, temperature, light, magnetic fields and electric fields. Overall, while the use of GFs for tissue regeneration is still in its infancy, externally controlled GF delivery technologies have the potential to achieve robust and effective solutions to present GFs to injured tissues. Future technological developments must occur in conjunction with a comprehensive understanding of the biology at the injury site to ensure translation of promising technologies into real world benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Cheah
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sachin S Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon J O'Carroll
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Darren Svirskis
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
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33
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Nanocarriers for drug delivery to the inner ear: Physicochemical key parameters, biodistribution, safety and efficacy. Int J Pharm 2020; 592:120038. [PMID: 33159985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high incidence of inner ear disorders, there are still no dedicated medications on the market. Drugs are currently administered by the intratympanic route, the safest way to maximize drug concentration in the inner ear. Nevertheless, therapeutic doses are ensured for only a few minutes/hours using drug solutions or suspensions. The passage through the middle ear barrier strongly depends on drug physicochemical characteristics. For the past 15 years, drug encapsulation into nanocarriers has been developed to overcome this drawback. Nanocarriers are well known to sustain drug release and protect it from degradation. In this review, in vivo studies are detailed concerning nanocarrier biodistribution, their pathway mechanisms in the inner ear and the resulting drug pharmacokinetics. Key parameters influencing nanocarrier biodistribution are identified and discussed: nanocarrier size, concentration, surface composition and shape. Recent advanced strategies that combine nanocarriers with hydrogels, specific tissue targeting or modification of the round window permeability (cell-penetrating peptide, magnetic delivery) are explored. Most of the nanocarriers appear to be safe for the inner ear and provide a significant efficacy over classic formulations in animal models. However, many challenges remain to be overcome for future clinical applications.
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34
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Swiderski DL, Colesa DJ, Hughes AP, Raphael Y, Pfingst BE. Relationships between Intrascalar Tissue, Neuron Survival, and Cochlear Implant Function. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2020; 21:337-352. [PMID: 32691251 PMCID: PMC7445211 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrous tissue and/or new bone are often found surrounding a cochlear implant in the cochlear scalae. This new intrascalar tissue could potentially limit cochlear implant function by increasing impedance and altering signaling pathways between the implant and the auditory nerve. In this study, we investigated the relationship between intrascalar tissue and 5 measures of implant function in guinea pigs. Variation in both spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) survival and intrascalar tissue was produced by implanting hearing ears, ears deafened with neomycin, and neomycin-deafened ears treated with a neurotrophin. We found significant effects of SGN density on 4 functional measures but adding intrascalar tissue level to the analysis did not explain more variation in any measure than was explained by SGN density alone. These results suggest that effects of intrascalar tissue on electrical hearing are relatively unimportant in comparison to degeneration of the auditory nerve, although additional studies in human implant recipients are still needed to assess the effects of this tissue on complex hearing tasks like speech perception. The results also suggest that efforts to minimize the trauma that aggravates both tissue development and SGN loss could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Swiderski
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deborah J Colesa
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aaron P Hughes
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yehoash Raphael
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bryan E Pfingst
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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35
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A new method for three-dimensional immunofluorescence study of the cochlea. Hear Res 2020; 392:107956. [PMID: 32464455 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Visualisation of cochlear histopathology in three-dimensions has been long desired in the field of hearing research. This paper outlines a technique that has made this possible and shows a research application in the field of hearing protection after cochlear implantation. The technique utilises robust immunofluorescent labelling followed by effective tissue clearing and fast image acquisition using Light Sheet Microscopy. We can access the health of individual components by immunofluorescent detection of proteins such as myosin VIIa to look at cochlear hair cells, NaKATPase alpha 3 to look at spiral ganglion neurons, and IBA1 to look at macrophages within a single cochlea, whilst maintaining the integrity of fine membranous structures and keeping the cochlear implant in place. This allows the tissue response to cochlear implantation to be studied in detail, including the immune reaction to the implant and the impact on the structure and health of neural components such as hair cells. This technique reduces time and labour required for sectioning of cochleae and can allow visualisation of cellular detail. Use of image analysis software allows conversion of high-resolution image stacks into three-dimensional interactive data sets so volumes and numbers of surfaces can be measured. Immunofluorescent whole cochlea labelling and Light Sheet Microscopy have the capacity to be applied to many questions in hearing research of both the cochlea and vestibular system.
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36
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García-Fernández A, Lozano-Torres B, Blandez JF, Monreal-Trigo J, Soto J, Collazos-Castro JE, Alcañiz M, Marcos MD, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R. Electro-responsive films containing voltage responsive gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles grafted onto PEDOT-based conducting polymer. J Control Release 2020; 323:421-430. [PMID: 32371265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics and electromechanical properties of conductive polymers together to their biocompatibility have boosted their application as a suitable tool in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, conducting polymers as drug release materials are far from being ideal. A possibility to overcome this drawback is to combine conducting polymers with on-command delivery particles with inherent high-loading capacity. In this scenario, we report here the preparation of conduction polymers containing gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with a cargo that is delivered on command by electro-chemical stimuli increasing the potential use of conducting polymers as controlled delivery systems. MSNs are loaded with Rhodamine B (Rh B), anchored to the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly[(4-styrenesulfonic acid)-co-(maleic acid)], functionalized with a bipyridinium derivative and pores are capped with heparin (P3) by electrostatic interactions. P3 releases the entrapped cargo after the application of -640 mV voltage versus the saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Pore opening in the nanoparticles and dye delivery is ascribed to both (i) the reduction of the grafted bipyridinium derivative and (ii) the polarization of the conducting polymer electrode to negative potentials that induce detachment of positively charged heparin from the surface of the nanoparticles. Biocompatibility and cargo release studies were carried out in HeLa cells cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba García-Fernández
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lozano-Torres
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F Blandez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Monreal-Trigo
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Soto
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge E Collazos-Castro
- Neural Repair and Biomaterials Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcañiz
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - María D Marcos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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Parashar K, Prajapati D, McIntyre R, Kandasubramanian B. Advancements in Biological Neural Interfaces Using Conducting Polymers: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Parashar
- Nanofabrication and Characterization Lab, Centre for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur-302004, India
| | - Deepak Prajapati
- Material Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | | | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), Ministry of Defence, DRDO, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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Dalrymple AN, Robles UA, Huynh M, Nayagam BA, Green RA, Poole-Warren LA, Fallon JB, Shepherd RK. Electrochemical and biological performance of chronically stimulated conductive hydrogel electrodes. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:026018. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab7cfc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Payne SC, Alexandrovics J, Thomas R, Shepherd RK, Furness JB, Fallon JB. Transmural impedance detects graded changes of inflammation in experimental colitis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191819. [PMID: 32257338 PMCID: PMC7062110 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease in which the mucosa of the colon or rectum becomes inflamed. An objective biomarker of inflammation will provide quantitative measures to support qualitative assessment during an endoscopic examination. Previous studies show that transmural electrical impedance is a quantifiable biomarker of inflammation. Here, we hypothesize that impedance detects spatially restricted areas of inflammation, thereby allowing the distinction between regions that differ in their severity of inflammation. A platinum ball electrode was placed into minimally inflamed (i.e. normal) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-inflamed colonic regions of rats and impedance measurements obtained by passing current between the intraluminal and subcutaneous return electrode. Histology of the colon was correlated with impedance measurements. The impedance of minimally inflamed (normal) tissue was 1.5-1.9 kΩ. Following TNBS injection, impedance significantly decreased within the inflammatory penumbra (p < 0.05), and decreased more in the inflammatory epicentre (p = 0.02). Histological damage correlated with impedance values (p < 0.05). Thus, impedance values of 1.5-1.9, 1.3-1.4 and 0.9-1.1 kΩ corresponded to minimally inflamed, mildly inflamed and moderately inflamed tissue, respectively. In conclusion, transmural impedance is an objective, spatially localized biomarker of mucosal integrity, and distinguishes between severities of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C. Payne
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Ross Thomas
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Robert K. Shepherd
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John B. Furness
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James B. Fallon
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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40
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Dalrymple AN, Huynh M, Robles UA, Marroquin JB, Lee CD, Petrossians A, Whalen JJ, Li D, Parkington HC, Forsythe JS, Green RA, Poole-Warren LA, Shepherd RK, Fallon JB. Electrochemical and mechanical performance of reduced graphene oxide, conductive hydrogel, and electrodeposited Pt-Ir coated electrodes: an active in vitro study. J Neural Eng 2019; 17:016015. [PMID: 31652427 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab5163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically compare the in vitro electrochemical and mechanical properties of several electrode coatings that have been reported to increase the efficacy of medical bionics devices by increasing the amount of charge that can be delivered safely to the target neural tissue. APPROACH Smooth platinum (Pt) ring and disc electrodes were coated with reduced graphene oxide, conductive hydrogel, or electrodeposited Pt-Ir. Electrodes with coatings were compared with uncoated smooth Pt electrodes before and after an in vitro accelerated aging protocol. The various coatings were compared mechanically using the adhesion-by-tape test. Electrodes were stimulated in saline for 24 hours/day 7 days/week for 21 d at 85 °C (1.6-year equivalence) at a constant charge density of 200 µC/cm2/phase. Electrodes were graded on surface corrosion and trace analysis of Pt in the electrolyte after aging. Electrochemical measurements performed before, during, and after aging included electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and charge injection limit and impedance from voltage transient recordings. MAIN RESULTS All three coatings adhered well to smooth Pt and exhibited electrochemical advantage over smooth Pt electrodes prior to aging. After aging, graphene coated electrodes displayed a stimulation-induced increase in impedance and reduction in the charge injection limit (p < 0.001), alongside extensive corrosion and release of Pt into the electrolyte. In contrast, both conductive hydrogel and Pt-Ir coated electrodes had smaller impedances and larger charge injection limits than smooth Pt electrodes (p < 0.001) following aging regardless of the stimulus level and with little evidence of corrosion or Pt dissolution. SIGNIFICANCE This study rigorously tested the mechanical and electrochemical performance of electrode coatings in vitro and provided suitable candidates for future in vivo testing.
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Al Abed A, Pinyon JL, Foster E, Crous F, Cowin GJ, Housley GD, Lovell NH. Computational Simulation Expands Understanding of Electrotransfer-Based Gene Augmentation for Enhancement of Neural Interfaces. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:691. [PMID: 31447624 PMCID: PMC6691069 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural interface is a critical factor in governing efficient and safe charge transfer between a stimulating electrode and biological tissue. The interface plays a crucial role in the efficacy of electric stimulation in chronic implants and both electromechanical properties and biological properties shape this. In the case of cochlear implants, it has long been recognized that neurotrophins can stimulate growth of the target auditory nerve fibers into a favorable apposition with the electrode array, and recently such arrays have been re-purposed to enable electrotransfer (electroporation)-based neurotrophin gene augmentation to improve the "bionic ear." For both this acute bionic array-directed electroporation and for chronic conventional cochlear implant arrays, the electric fields generated in target tissue during pulse delivery are central to efficacy, but are challenging to map. We present a computational model for predicting electric fields generated by array-driven DNA electrotransfer in the cochlea. The anatomically realistic model geometry was reconstructed from magnetic resonance images of the guinea pig cochlea and an eight-channel electrode array embedded within this geometry. The model incorporates a description of both Faradaic and non-Faradaic mechanisms occurring at the electrode-electrolyte interface with frequency dependency optimized to match experimental impedance spectrometry measurements. Our simulations predict that a tandem electrode configuration with four ganged cathodes and four ganged anodes produces three to fourfold larger area in target tissue where the electric field is within the range for successful gene transfer compared to an alternate paired anode-cathode electrode configuration. These findings matched in vivo transfection efficacy of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter following array-driven electrotransfer of the reporter-encoding plasmid DNA. This confirms utility of the developed model as a tool to optimize the safety and efficacy of electrotransfer protocols for delivery of neurotrophin growth factors, with the ultimate aim of using gene augmentation approaches to improve the characteristics of the electrode-neural interfaces in chronically implanted neurostimulation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Al Abed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeremy L Pinyon
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Evelyn Foster
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frederik Crous
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gary J Cowin
- National Imaging Facility, Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gary D Housley
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel H Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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42
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Nair SS, Mishra SK, Kumar D. Recent progress in conductive polymeric materials for biomedical applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita S. Nair
- Department of Applied ChemistryDelhi Technological University Delhi 110042 India
| | - Sujeet K. Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas CollegeUniversity of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Applied ChemistryDelhi Technological University Delhi 110042 India
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Ren Y, Landegger LD, Stankovic KM. Gene Therapy for Human Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:323. [PMID: 31379508 PMCID: PMC6660246 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common sensory impairment in humans and currently disables 466 million people across the world. Congenital deafness affects at least 1 in 500 newborns, and over 50% are hereditary in nature. To date, existing pharmacologic therapies for genetic and acquired etiologies of deafness are severely limited. With the advent of modern sequencing technologies, there is a vast compendium of growing genetic alterations that underlie human hearing loss, which can be targeted by therapeutics such as gene therapy. Recently, there has been tremendous progress in the development of gene therapy vectors to treat sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in animal models in vivo. Nevertheless, significant hurdles remain before such technologies can be translated toward clinical use. These include addressing the blood-labyrinth barrier, engineering more specific and effective delivery vehicles, improving surgical access, and validating novel targets. In this review, we both highlight recent progress and outline challenges associated with in vivo gene therapy for human SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lukas D. Landegger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantina M. Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Piu F, Bishop KM. Local Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Neurotology Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:238. [PMID: 31213983 PMCID: PMC6557301 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotology disorders such as vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss affect a significant proportion of the population (estimated 39 million in the United States with moderate to severe symptoms). Yet no pharmacological treatments have been developed, in part due to limitations in effective drug delivery to the anatomically protected inner ear compartment. Intratympanic delivery, a minimally invasive injection performed in the office setting, offers a potential direct route of administration. Currently, off-label use of therapeutics approved to treat disorders via systemic administration are being injected intratympanically, mostly in the form of aqueous solutions, but provide variable levels of drug exposure for a limited time requiring repeated injections. Hence, current drug delivery approaches for neurotology disorders are sub-optimal. This review, following a description of pharmacokinetic considerations of the inner ear, explores the merits of novel delivery approaches toward the treatment of neurotology disorders. Methodologies employing local delivery to the inner ear are described, including direct intracochlear delivery as well as intratympanic methods of infusion and injection. Intratympanic injection delivery formulation strategies including hydrogels, polymers and nanoparticulate systems are explored. These approaches represent progress toward more effective delivery options for the clinical treatment of a variety of neurotology disorders.
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45
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The effect of nanoscale surface electrical properties of partially biodegradable PEDOT-co-PDLLA conducting polymers on protein adhesion investigated by atomic force microscopy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:468-478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Payne SC, Furness JB, Burns O, Sedo A, Hyakumura T, Shepherd RK, Fallon JB. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Abdominal Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Experimental Intestinal Inflammation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:418. [PMID: 31133776 PMCID: PMC6517481 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve is an emerging treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, side effects from cervical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) are often reported by patients. Here we hypothesized that stimulating the vagus nerve closer to the end organ will have fewer off-target effects and will effectively reduce intestinal inflammation. Specifically, we aimed to: (i) compare off-target effects during abdominal and cervical VNS; (ii) verify that VNS levels were suprathreshold; and (iii) determine whether abdominal VNS reduces chemically-induced intestinal inflammation in rats. An electrode array was developed in-house to stimulate and record vagal neural responses. In a non-recovery experiment, stimulation-induced off-target effects were measured by implanting the cervical and abdominal vagus nerves of anaesthetized rats (n = 5) and recording changes to heart rate, respiration and blood pressure during stimulation (10 Hz; symmetric biphasic current pulse; 320 nC per phase). In a chronic experiment, the efficacy of VNS treatment was assessed by implanting an electrode array onto the abdominal vagus nerve and recording in vivo electrically-evoked neural responses during the implantation period. After 14 days, the intestine was inflamed with TNBS (2.5% 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid) and rats received therapeutic VNS (n = 7; 10 Hz; 320 nC per phase; 3 h/day) or no stimulation (n = 8) for 4.5 days. Stool quality, plasma C-reactive protein and histology of the inflamed intestine were assessed. Data show that abdominal VNS had no effect (two-way RM-ANOVA: P ≥ 0.05) on cardiac, respiratory and blood pressure parameters. However, during cervical VNS heart rate decreased by 31 ± 9 beats/minute (P ≥ 0.05), respiration was inhibited and blood pressure decreased. Data addressing efficacy of VNS treatment show that electrically-evoked neural response thresholds remained stable (one-way RM ANOVA: P ≥ 0.05) and therapeutic stimulation remained above threshold. Chronically stimulated rats, compared to unstimulated rats, had improved stool quality (two-way RM ANOVA: P < 0.0001), no blood in feces (P < 0.0001), reduced plasma C-reactive protein (two-way RM ANOVA: P < 0.05) and a reduction in resident inflammatory cell populations within the intestine (Kruskal–Wallis: P < 0.05). In conclusion, abdominal VNS did not evoke off-target effects, is an effective treatment of TNBS-induced inflammation, and may be an effective treatment of IBD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Payne
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John B Furness
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen Burns
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia Sedo
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tomoko Hyakumura
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert K Shepherd
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James B Fallon
- Bionics Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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47
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Ma Y, Wise AK, Shepherd RK, Richardson RT. New molecular therapies for the treatment of hearing loss. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 200:190-209. [PMID: 31075354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 466 million people suffer from hearing loss worldwide. Sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons and their synaptic connection to the hair cells - the ribbon synapse. Various strategies to protect or regenerate these sensory cells and structures are the subject of intensive research. Yet despite recent advances in our understandings of the capacity of the cochlea for repair and regeneration there are currently no pharmacological or biological interventions for hearing loss. Current research focusses on localized cochlear drug, gene and cell-based therapies. One of the more promising drug-based therapies is based on neurotrophic factors for the repair of the ribbon synapse after noise exposure, as well as preventing loss of primary auditory neurons and regrowth of the auditory neuron fibers after severe hearing loss. Drug therapy delivery technologies are being employed to address the specific needs of neurotrophin and other therapies for hearing loss that include the need for high doses, long-term delivery, localised or cell-specific targeting and techniques for their safe and efficacious delivery to the cochlea. Novel biomaterials are enabling high payloads of drugs to be administered to the cochlea with subsequent slow-release properties that are proving to be beneficial for treating hearing loss. In parallel, new gene therapy technologies are addressing the need for cell specificity and high efficacy for the treatment of both genetic and acquired hearing loss with promising reports of hearing recovery. Some biomaterials and cell therapies are being used in conjunction with the cochlear implant ensuring therapeutic benefit to the primary neurons during electrical stimulation. This review will introduce the auditory system, hearing loss and the potential for repair and regeneration in the cochlea. Drug delivery to the cochlea will then be reviewed, with a focus on new biomaterials, gene therapy technologies, cell therapy and the use of the cochlear implant as a vehicle for drug delivery. With the current pre-clinical research effort into therapies for hearing loss, including clinical trials for gene therapy, the future for the treatment for hearing loss is looking bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Ma
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Chemical Engineering, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew K Wise
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert K Shepherd
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachael T Richardson
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia.
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48
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Zeglio E, Rutz AL, Winkler TE, Malliaras GG, Herland A. Conjugated Polymers for Assessing and Controlling Biological Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806712. [PMID: 30861237 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic bioelectronics is advancing rapidly in the development of materials and devices to precisely monitor and control biological signals. Electronics and biology can interact on multiple levels: organs, complex tissues, cells, cell membranes, proteins, and even small molecules. Compared to traditional electronic materials such as metals and inorganic semiconductors, conjugated polymers (CPs) have several key advantages for biological interactions: tunable physiochemical properties, adjustable form factors, and mixed conductivity (ionic and electronic). Herein, the use of CPs in five biologically oriented research topics, electrophysiology, tissue engineering, drug release, biosensing, and molecular bioelectronics, is discussed. In electrophysiology, implantable devices with CP coating or CP-only electrodes are showing improvements in signal performance and tissue interfaces. CP-based scaffolds supply highly favorable static or even dynamic interfaces for tissue engineering. CPs also enable delivery of drugs through a variety of mechanisms and form factors. For biosensing, CPs offer new possibilities to incorporate biological sensing elements in a conducting matrix. Molecular bioelectronics is today used to incorporate (opto)electronic functions in living tissue. Under each topic, the limits of the utility of CPs are discussed and, overall, the major challenges toward implementation of CPs and their devices to real-world applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Zeglio
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra L Rutz
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Thomas E Winkler
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Anna Herland
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
- Swedish Medical Nanoscience Center, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A. Smart Drug Release from Medical Devices. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:544-554. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Ryan EM, Breslin CB. The incorporation of drug molecules with poor water solubility into polypyrrole as dopants: Indomethacin and sulindac. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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