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Salehghamari M, Mashreghi M, Matin MM, Neshati Z. Development of a bacterial cellulose-gelatin composite as a suitable scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering. Biotechnol Lett 2024:10.1007/s10529-024-03477-0. [PMID: 38771508 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac tissue engineering is suggested as a promising approach to overcome problems associated with impaired myocardium. This is the first study to investigate the use of BC and gelatin for cardiomyocyte adhesion and growth. METHODS Bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes were produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus and coated or mixed with gelatin to make gelatin-coated BC (BCG) or gelatin-mixed BC (mBCG) scaffolds, respectively. BC based-scaffolds were characterized via SEM, FTIR, XRD, and AFM. Neonatal rat-ventricular cardiomyocytes (nr-vCMCs) were cultured on the scaffolds to check the capability of the composites for cardiomyocyte attachment, growth and expansion. RESULTS The average nanofibrils diameter in all scaffolds was suitable (~ 30-65 nm) for nr-vCMCs culture. Pore diameter (≥ 10 µm), surface roughness (~ 182 nm), elastic modulus (0.075 ± 0.015 MPa) in mBCG were in accordance with cardiomyocyte requirements, so that mBCG could better support attachment of nr-vCMCs with high concentration of gelatin, and appropriate surface roughness. Also, it could better support growth and expansion of nr-vCMCs due to submicron scale of nanofibrils and proper elasticity (~ 0.075 MPa). The viability of nr-vCMCs on BC and BCG scaffolds was very low even at day 2 of culture (~ ≤ 40%), but, mBCG could promote a metabolic active state of nr-vCMCs until day 7 (~ ≥ 50%). CONCLUSION According to our results, mBCG scaffold was the most suitable composite for cardiomyocyte culture, regarding its physicochemical and cell characteristics. It is suggested that improvement in mBCG stability and cell attachment features may provide a convenient scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mansour Mashreghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Nano Research Center, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Neshati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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He X, Wu W, Hu Y, Wu M, Li H, Ding L, Huang S, Fan Y. Visualizing the global trends of peptides in wound healing through an in-depth bibliometric analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14575. [PMID: 38116897 PMCID: PMC10961903 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complicated and multistage biological process for the repair of damaged/injured tissues, which requires intelligent designs to provide comprehensive and convenient treatment. Peptide-based wound dressings have received extensive attention for further development and application due to their excellent biocompatibility and multifunctionality. However, the current lack of intuitive analysis of the development trend and research hotspots of peptides applied in wound healing, as well as detailed elaboration of possible research hotspots, restricted obtaining a comprehensive understanding and development in this field. The present study analysed publications from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database and visualized the hotspots and current trends of peptide research in wound healing. Data between January 1st, 2003, and December 31st, 2022, were collected and subjected to a bibliometric analysis. The countries, institutions, co-authorship, co-citation reference, and co-occurrence of keywords in this subject were examined using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. We provided an intuitive, timely, and logical overview of the development prospects and challenges of peptide application in wound healing and some solutions to the major obstacles, which will help researchers gain insights into the investigation of this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Chongqing key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuchen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- Université de Lorraine, CITHEFOR, Nancy, France
| | - Hong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Mohindra P, Zhong JX, Fang Q, Cuylear DL, Huynh C, Qiu H, Gao D, Kharbikar BN, Huang X, Springer ML, Lee RJ, Desai TA. Local decorin delivery via hyaluronic acid microrods improves cardiac performance, ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:60. [PMID: 37872196 PMCID: PMC10593781 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a global public health burden and often results following myocardial infarction (MI). Following injury, cardiac fibrosis forms in the myocardium which greatly hinders cellular function, survival, and recruitment, thus severely limits tissue regeneration. Here, we leverage biophysical microstructural cues made of hyaluronic acid (HA) loaded with the anti-fibrotic proteoglycan decorin to more robustly attenuate cardiac fibrosis after acute myocardial injury. Microrods showed decorin incorporation throughout the entirety of the hydrogel structures and exhibited first-order release kinetics in vitro. Intramyocardial injections of saline (n = 5), microrods (n = 7), decorin microrods (n = 10), and free decorin (n = 4) were performed in male rat models of ischemia-reperfusion MI to evaluate therapeutic effects on cardiac remodeling and function. Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated that rats treated with decorin microrods (5.21% ± 4.29%) exhibited significantly increased change in ejection fraction (EF) at 8 weeks post-MI compared to rats treated with saline (-4.18% ± 2.78%, p < 0.001) and free decorin (-3.42% ± 1.86%, p < 0.01). Trends in reduced end diastolic volume were also identified in decorin microrod-treated groups compared to those treated with saline, microrods, and free decorin, indicating favorable ventricular remodeling. Quantitative analysis of histology and immunofluorescence staining showed that treatment with decorin microrods reduced cardiac fibrosis (p < 0.05) and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (p < 0.05) at 8 weeks post-MI compared to saline control. Together, this work aims to contribute important knowledge to guide rationally designed biomaterial development that may be used to successfully treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mohindra
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Justin X Zhong
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qizhi Fang
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Darnell L Cuylear
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Graduate Program in Graduate Program in Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cindy Huynh
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dongwei Gao
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bhushan N Kharbikar
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew L Springer
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Randall J Lee
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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4
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Desai T, Mohindra P, Zhong J, Fang Q, Huynh C, Cuylear D, Qiu H, Gao D, Kharbikar B, Huang X, Springer M, Lee R. Local delivery of decorin via hyaluronic acid microrods improves cardiac performance and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2501087. [PMID: 36798333 PMCID: PMC9934754 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2501087/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global public health burden and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. HF can result as a complication following myocardial infarction (MI), with cardiac fibrosis forming in the myocardium as a response to injury. The dense, avascular scar tissue that develops in the myocardium after injury following MI creates an inhospitable microenvironment that hinders cellular function, survival, and recruitment, thus severely limiting tissue regeneration. We have previously demonstrated the ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) polymer microrods to modulate fibroblast phenotype using discrete biophysical cues and to improve cardiac outcomes after implantation in rodent models of ischemia-reperfusion MI injury. Here, we developed a dual-pronged biochemical and biophysical therapeutic strategy leveraging bioactive microrods to more robustly attenuate cardiac fibrosis after acute myocardial injury. Incorporation of the anti-fibrotic proteoglycan decorin within microrods led to sustained release of decorin over one month in vitro and after implantation, resulted in marked improvement in cardiac function and ventricular remodeling, along with decreased fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Together, this body of work aims to contribute important knowledge to help develop rationally designed engineered biomaterials that may be used to successfully treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal Desai
- University of California, San Francisco & Brown University
| | - Priya Mohindra
- University of California, Berkeley & University of California, San Francisco
| | - Justin Zhong
- University of California, Berkeley & University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Cindy Huynh
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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5
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Fang J, Li JJ, Zhong X, Zhou Y, Lee RJ, Cheng K, Li S. Engineering stem cell therapeutics for cardiac repair. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 171:56-68. [PMID: 35863282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world. Stem cell-based therapies have been widely investigated for cardiac regeneration in patients with heart failure or myocardial infarction (MI) and surged ahead on multiple fronts over the past two decades. To enhance cellular therapy for cardiac regeneration, numerous engineering techniques have been explored to engineer cells, develop novel scaffolds, make constructs, and deliver cells or their derivatives. This review summarizes the state-of-art stem cell-based therapeutics for cardiac regeneration and discusses the emerged bioengineering approaches toward the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapies in cardiac repair. We cover the topics in stem cell source and engineering, followed by stem cell-based therapies such as cell aggregates and cell sheets, and biomaterial-mediated stem cell therapies such as stem cell delivery with injectable hydrogel, three-dimensional scaffolds, and microneedle patches. Finally, we discuss future directions and challenges of engineering stem cell therapies for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jennifer J Li
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xintong Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Randall J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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6
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Double-layered adhesive microneedle bandage based on biofunctionalized mussel protein for cardiac tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121171. [PMID: 34624751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI), the primary cause of mortality worldwide, is the consequence of cardiomyocyte death or dysfunction. Clinical efforts involving the delivery of growth factors (GFs) and stem cells with the aim of regenerating cardiomyocytes for the recovery of structural and functional integrity have largely failed to deliver, mainly due to short half-lives and rapid clearance in in vivo environments. In this work, we selected and genetically fused four biofunctional peptides possessing angiogenic potential, originating from extracellular matrix proteins and GFs, to bioengineered mussel adhesive protein (MAP). We found that MAPs fused with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-derived peptide and fibronectin-derived RGD peptide significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in vitro. Based on these characteristics, we fabricated advanced double-layered adhesive microneedle bandages (DL-AMNBs) consisting of a biofunctional MAP-based root and a regenerated silk fibroin (SF)-based tip, allowing homogeneous distribution of the regenerative factor via swellable microneedles. Our developed DL-AMNB system clearly demonstrated better preservation of cardiac muscle and regenerative effects on heart remodeling in a rat MI model, which might be attributed to the prolonged retention of therapeutic peptides as well as secure adhesion between the patch and host myocardium by MAP-inherent strong underwater adhesiveness.
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7
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Bonetti L, De Nardo L, Farè S. Thermo-Responsive Methylcellulose Hydrogels: From Design to Applications as Smart Biomaterials. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:486-513. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
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8
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Fang J, Koh J, Fang Q, Qiu H, Archang MM, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Miwa H, Zhong X, Sievers R, Gao DW, Lee R, Carlo DD, Li S. Injectable Drug-Releasing Microporous Annealed Particle Scaffolds for Treating Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2004307. [PMID: 33708028 PMCID: PMC7942842 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202004307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Intramyocardial injection of hydrogels offers great potential for treating myocardial infarction (MI) in a minimally invasive manner. However, traditional bulk hydrogels generally lack microporous structures to support rapid tissue ingrowth and biochemical signals to prevent fibrotic remodeling toward heart failure. To address such challenges, a novel drug-releasing microporous annealed particle (drugMAP) system is developed by encapsulating hydrophobic drug-loaded nanoparticles into microgel building blocks via microfluidic manufacturing. By modulating nanoparticle hydrophilicity and pregel solution viscosity, drugMAP building blocks are generated with consistent and homogeneous encapsulation of nanoparticles. In addition, the complementary effects of forskolin (F) and Repsox (R) on the functional modulations of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in vitro are demonstrated. After that, both hydrophobic drugs (F and R) are loaded into drugMAP to generate FR/drugMAP for MI therapy in a rat model. The intramyocardial injection of MAP gel improves left ventricular functions, which are further enhanced by FR/drugMAP treatment with increased angiogenesis and reduced fibrosis and inflammatory response. This drugMAP platform represents a new generation of microgel particles for MI therapy and will have broad applications in regenerative medicine and disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jaekyung Koh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qizhi Fang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Maani M Archang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Hiromi Miwa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xintong Zhong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard Sievers
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dong-Wei Gao
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Randall Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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9
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Henry JJD, Delrosario L, Fang J, Wong SY, Fang Q, Sievers R, Kotha S, Wang A, Farmer D, Janaswamy P, Lee RJ, Li S. Development of Injectable Amniotic Membrane Matrix for Postmyocardial Infarction Tissue Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1900544. [PMID: 31778043 PMCID: PMC6986802 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with severe fibrosis formation and cardiac remodeling. Recently, injectable hydrogels have emerged as a promising approach to repair the infarcted heart and improve heart function through minimally invasive administration. Here, a novel injectable human amniotic membrane (hAM) matrix is developed to enhance cardiac regeneration following MI. Human amniotic membrane is isolated from human placenta and engineered to be a thermoresponsive, injectable gel around body temperature. Ultrasound-guided injection of hAM matrix into rat MI hearts significantly improves cardiac contractility, as measured by ejection fraction (EF), and decrease fibrosis. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of engineering as an injectable hAM matrix and its efficacy in attenuating degenerative changes in cardiac function following MI, which may have broad applications in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J D Henry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lawrence Delrosario
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sze Yue Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Qizhi Fang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Richard Sievers
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Surya Kotha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Diana Farmer
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Praneeth Janaswamy
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Randall J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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10
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Xu Y, Chen C, Hellwarth PB, Bao X. Biomaterials for stem cell engineering and biomanufacturing. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:366-379. [PMID: 31872161 PMCID: PMC6909203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the expansion of tissue failures and diseases. The uprising of regenerative medicine converges the sight onto stem cell-biomaterial based therapy. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine proposes the strategy of constructing spatially, mechanically, chemically and biologically designed biomaterials for stem cells to grow and differentiate. Therefore, this paper summarized the basic properties of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult stem cells. The properties of frequently used biomaterials were also described in terms of natural and synthetic origins. Particularly, the combination of stem cells and biomaterials for tissue repair applications was reviewed in terms of nervous, cardiovascular, pancreatic, hematopoietic and musculoskeletal system. Finally, stem-cell-related biomanufacturing was envisioned and the novel biofabrication technologies were discussed, enlightening a promising route for the future advancement of large-scale stem cell-biomaterial based therapeutic manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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11
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Le LV, Mohindra P, Fang Q, Sievers RE, Mkrtschjan MA, Solis C, Safranek CW, Russell B, Lee RJ, Desai TA. Injectable hyaluronic acid based microrods provide local micromechanical and biochemical cues to attenuate cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Biomaterials 2018; 169:11-21. [PMID: 29631164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Repairing cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most challenging goals in tissue engineering. Following ischemic injury, significant matrix remodeling and the formation of avascular scar tissue significantly impairs cell engraftment and survival in the damaged myocardium. This limits the efficacy of cell replacement therapies, demanding strategies that reduce pathological scarring to create a suitable microenvironment for healthy tissue regeneration. Here, we demonstrate the successful fabrication of discrete hyaluronic acid (HA)-based microrods to provide local biochemical and biomechanical signals to reprogram cells and attenuate cardiac fibrosis. HA microrods were produced in a range of physiological stiffness and shown to degrade in the presence of hyaluronidase. Additionally, we show that fibroblasts interact with these microrods in vitro, leading to significant changes in proliferation, collagen expression and other markers of a myofibroblast phenotype. When injected into the myocardium of an adult rat MI model, HA microrods prevented left ventricular wall thinning and improved cardiac function at 6 weeks post infarct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long V Le
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Priya Mohindra
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qizhi Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Richard E Sievers
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael A Mkrtschjan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Christopher Solis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Conrad W Safranek
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brenda Russell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Randall J Lee
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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12
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Qiu J, Cai G, Liu X, Ma D. α vβ 3 integrin receptor specific peptide modified, salvianolic acid B and panax notoginsenoside loaded nanomedicine for the combination therapy of acute myocardial ischemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1418-1426. [PMID: 29079344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To achieve the combination therapy of acute myocardial ischemia, arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) conjugated lipid was synthesized and RGD modified, salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and panax notoginsenoside (PNS) co-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (RGD-S/P-LPNs) was fabricated an evaluated. METHODS RGD was conjugated to distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG-NH2) through amide linkage. Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) were fabricated by nanoprecipitation method. RGD-S/P-LPNs was characterized in terms of morphology, size, charge, drug loading, entrapment, stability, drug release and cytotoxicity in vitro. Cardiac distribution, pharmacokinetics study and infarct therapy effect were evaluated in vivo. RESULTS The LPNs are generally spherical in shape with uniform size distribution, have sizes of 100-200nm and zeta potentials range from -30.7∼ -39.8. In vitro release behaviors of drugs loaded LPNs are in a sustained release manner, which does not exhibit obviously cytotoxicity against H9c2 cardiomyocytes. RGD-S/P-LPNs group shows the most significant cardiac distribution and infarct therapy effect in vivo. CONCLUSION The results illustrated that RGD modified dual drugs co-loaded LPNs are stable, sustained release carriers. Cardiac distribution, pharmacokinetics, and infarct therapy effect results suggested that the RGD-S/P-LPNs could improve the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the double drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China(1).
| | - Guoqiang Cai
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China(1)
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China(1)
| | - Dongwen Ma
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China(1)
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Weinberger F, Mannhardt I, Eschenhagen T. Engineering Cardiac Muscle Tissue: A Maturating Field of Research. Circ Res 2017; 120:1487-1500. [PMID: 28450366 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years after the initial description of a tissue engineered construct, 3-dimensional human cardiac tissues of different kinds are now generated routinely in many laboratories. Advances in stem cell biology and engineering allow for the generation of constructs that come close to recapitulating the complex structure of heart muscle and might, therefore, be amenable to industrial (eg, drug screening) and clinical (eg, cardiac repair) applications. Whether the more physiological structure of 3-dimensional constructs provides a relevant advantage over standard 2-dimensional cell culture has yet to be shown in head-to-head-comparisons. The present article gives an overview on current strategies of cardiac tissue engineering with a focus on different hydrogel methods and discusses perspectives and challenges for necessary steps toward the real-life application of cardiac tissue engineering for disease modeling, drug development, and cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weinberger
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany; and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany; and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany; and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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Jin K, Li B, Lou L, Xu Y, Ye X, Yao K, Ye J, Gao C. In vivo vascularization of MSC-loaded porous hydroxyapatite constructs coated with VEGF-functionalized collagen/heparin multilayers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19871. [PMID: 26794266 PMCID: PMC4726420 DOI: 10.1038/srep19871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and adequate vascularization is vital to the long-term success of porous orbital enucleation implants. In this study, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds coated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-functionalized collagen (COL)/heparin (HEP) multilayers (porosity 75%, pore size 316.8 ± 77.1 μm, VEGF dose 3.39 ng/mm3) were fabricated to enhance vascularization by inducing the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to endothelial cells. The in vitro immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blotting results demonstrated that the expression of the endothelial differentiation markers CD31, Flk-1, and von Willebrand factor (vWF) was significantly increased in the HA/(COL/HEP)5/VEGF/MSCs group compared with the HA/VEGF/MSCs group. Moreover, the HA/(COL/HEP)5 scaffolds showed a better entrapment of the MSCs and accelerated cell proliferation. The in vivo assays showed that the number of newly formed vessels within the constructs after 28 d was significantly higher in the HA/(COL/HEP)5/VEGF/MSCs group (51.9 ± 6.3/mm2) than in the HA (26.7 ± 2.3/mm2) and HA/VEGF/MSCs (38.2 ± 2.4/mm2) groups. The qRT-PCR and western blotting results demonstrated that the HA/(COL/HEP)5/VEGF/MSCs group also had the highest expression of CD31, Flk-1, and vWF at both the mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Bo Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lixia Lou
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Lee RJ, Hinson A, Bauernschmitt R, Matschke K, Fang Q, Mann DL, Dowling R, Schiller N, Sabbah HN. The feasibility and safety of Algisyl-LVR™ as a method of left ventricular augmentation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: initial first in man clinical results. Int J Cardiol 2015; 199:18-24. [PMID: 26173169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A tissue engineering approach to augment the left ventricular wall has been suggested as a means to treat patients with advanced heart failure. This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of Algisyl-LVR™ as a method of left ventricular augmentation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy undergoing open-heart surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS Eleven male patients (aged 44 to 74years) with advanced heart failure (NYHA class 3 or 4), a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of <40% and requiring conventional heart surgery received Algisyl-LVR delivered into the LV myocardial free wall. Serial echocardiography, assessment of NYHA class, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and 24-hour Holter monitoring were obtained at baseline, days 3 and 8 (for echocardiography and Holter monitoring), and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24months. A total of 9 (81.8%) patients completed 24months of follow-up. Two patients withdrew consent after day 8 and at the 3month visit. Operative mortality was 0% (n=10 with 30day follow-up). There were no adverse events attributed to Algisyl-LVR. Mean LVEF improved from 27.1 (±7.3) % at screening to a mean LVEF of 34.8 (±18.6) % 24months post-discharge. Improvements of NYHA class were corroborated with improvements in KCCQ summary scores. Holter monitor data showed a significant decrease in the episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia following administration of Algisyl-LVR. CONCLUSIONS Administration of Algisyl-LVR to patients with advanced HF at the time of cardiac surgery is feasible and safe; warranting continued development of Algisyl-LVR as a potential therapy in patients with advanced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | - Robert Bauernschmitt
- Department for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Matschke
- Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Qi Fang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Douglas L Mann
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Nelson Schiller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hani N Sabbah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Anker SD, Coats AJS, Cristian G, Dragomir D, Pusineri E, Piredda M, Bettari L, Dowling R, Volterrani M, Kirwan BA, Filippatos G, Mas JL, Danchin N, Solomon SD, Lee RJ, Ahmann F, Hinson A, Sabbah HN, Mann DL. A prospective comparison of alginate-hydrogel with standard medical therapy to determine impact on functional capacity and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure (AUGMENT-HF trial). Eur Heart J 2015; 36:2297-309. [PMID: 26082085 PMCID: PMC4561351 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims AUGMENT-HF was an international, multi-centre, prospective, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the benefits and safety of a novel method of left ventricular (LV) modification with alginate-hydrogel. Methods Alginate-hydrogel is an inert permanent implant that is directly injected into LV heart muscle and serves as a prosthetic scaffold to modify the shape and size of the dilated LV. Patients with advanced chronic heart failure (HF) were randomized (1 : 1) to alginate-hydrogel (n = 40) in combination with standard medical therapy or standard medical therapy alone (Control, n = 38). The primary endpoint of AUGMENT-HF was the change in peak VO2 from baseline to 6 months. Secondary endpoints included changes in 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, as well as assessments of procedural safety. Results Enrolled patients were 63 ± 10 years old, 74% in NYHA functional class III, had a LV ejection fraction of 26 ± 5% and a mean peak VO2 of 12.2 ± 1.8 mL/kg/min. Thirty-five patients were successfully treated with alginate-hydrogel injections through a limited left thoracotomy approach without device-related complications; the 30-day surgical mortality was 8.6% (3 deaths). Alginate-hydrogel treatment was associated with improved peak VO2 at 6 months—treatment effect vs. Control: +1.24 mL/kg/min (95% confidence interval 0.26–2.23, P = 0.014). Also 6MWT distance and NYHA functional class improved in alginate-hydrogel-treated patients vs. Control (both P < 0.001). Conclusion Alginate-hydrogel in addition to standard medical therapy for patients with advanced chronic HF was more effective than standard medical therapy alone for improving exercise capacity and symptoms. The results of AUGMENT-HF provide proof of concept for a pivotal trial. Trial Registration Number NCT01311791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan D Anker
- Innovative Clinical Trials, Department of Cardiology and Pneumonology, University Medical Centre Göttingen (UMG), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen D-37075, Germany
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Louis Mas
- Paris Descartes University, Saint-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Scott D Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randall J Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Douglas L Mann
- Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Ban K, Park HJ, Kim S, Andukuri A, Cho KW, Hwang JW, Cha HJ, Kim SY, Kim WS, Jun HW, Yoon YS. Cell therapy with embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes encapsulated in injectable nanomatrix gel enhances cell engraftment and promotes cardiac repair. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10815-25. [PMID: 25210842 PMCID: PMC4212793 DOI: 10.1021/nn504617g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A significant barrier to the therapeutic use of stem cells is poor cell retention in vivo. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential and long-term engraftment of cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) encapsulated in an injectable nanomatrix gel consisting of peptide amphiphiles incorporating cell adhesive ligand Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (PA-RGDS) in experimental myocardial infarction (MI). We cultured rat neonatal CMs in PA-RGDS for 7 days and found that more than 90% of the CMs survived. Next, we intramyocardially injected mouse CM cell line HL-1 CMs with or without PA-RGDS into uninjured hearts. Histologic examination and flow cytometry analysis of digested heart tissues showed approximately 3-fold higher engraftment in the mice that received CMs with PA-RGDS compared to those without PA-RGDS. We further investigated the therapeutic effects and long-term engraftment of mESC-CMs with PA-RGDS on MI in comparison with PBS control, CM-only, and PA-RGDS only. Echocardiography demonstrated that the CM-only and CM+PA-RGDS groups showed higher cardiac function at week 2 compared to other groups. However, from 3 weeks, higher cardiac function was maintained only in the CM+PA-RGDS group; this was sustained for 12 weeks. Confocal microscopic examination of the cardiac tissues harvested at 14 weeks demonstrated sustained engraftment and integration of mESC-CMs into host myocardium in the CM+PA-RGDS group only. This study for the first time demonstrated that PA-RGDS encapsulation can enhance survival of mESC-derived CMs and improve cardiac function post-MI. This nanomatrix gel-mediated stem cell therapy can be a promising option for treating MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwon Ban
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hun-Jun Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Adinarayana Andukuri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kyu-Won Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jung Wook Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ho Jin Cha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Woan-Sang Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35203, United States
| | - Young-Sup Yoon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Yuan X, He B, Lv Z, Luo S. Fabrication of self-assembling peptide nanofiber hydrogels for myocardial repair. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08582e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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