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Hua D, Xi H, Xie Q, Cai S, Zhou Y, Hu X, Qiu L, Lin J. Lysosome-targeting and legumain-triggered 68Ga-labeled probe for enhanced tumor PET imaging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149646. [PMID: 38350212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Legumain is overexpressed in diverse tumors, serving as a significant tumor biomarker. Our study aimed to develop a new positron emission tomography (PET) probe [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-SF-AANM for imaging the expression level of legumain in vivo. The radio-labeling of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-SF-AANM was accomplished within 15 min. The probe has good stability in vitro. NOTA-SF-AANM exhibited rapid response to recombinant human legumain enzyme, enabling intramolecular condensation cyclization. Cellular uptake and lysosomal co-localization experiments demonstrated that the probe was able to differentiate specifically between MDA-MB-468 and PC-3 cancer cells with varying degrees of legumain expression. PET imaging displayed a significant and persistent signal (3.59 ± 0.30 %ID/mL at 60 min) in MDA-MB-468 tumors, while PC-3 tumors exhibited lower radioactivity (1.08 ± 0.35 %ID/mL at 60 min), further validating the specific targeting of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-SF-AANM towards legumain. [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-SF-AANM is a promising tool for precise diagnosis of legumain-related diseases due to its advantages in radio-labeling and accurate monitoring of legumain expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hua
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Hongjie Xi
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Quan Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Shuyue Cai
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China.
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Wang M, Tao M, Zhu W, Liu W, Liu Z, Hai Z. Tumor-Targeted Fluorescent/Photoacoustic Imaging of Legumain Activity In Vivo. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4473-4477. [PMID: 37982675 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Legumain has been identified as a target for diagnosis and treatment of associated cancers. Therefore, real-time imaging of legumain activity in vivo is helpful in diagnosing and evaluating therapeutic efficacy of associated cancers. Fluorescent/photoacoustic (FL/PA) dual-modal imaging developed rapidly because of its good sensitivity and spatial resolution. As far as we know, a tumor-targeted probe for FL/PA imaging of legumain activity in vivo has not been reported. Hence, we intended to develop a tumor-targeted hemicyanine (HCy) probe (HCy-AAN-Bio) for FL/PA imaging of legumain in vivo. The control probe HCy-AAN does not have tumor-targeting ability. Legumain can specifically cleave HCy-AAN-Bio or HCy-AAN with the generation of FL/PA signal while more HCy-AAN-Bio could be recognized by legumain than HCy-AAN with higher sensitivity in vitro. Due to the tumor-targeting ability, HCy-AAN-Bio could image 4T1 cells with an additional 1.3-fold FL enhancement and 1.9-fold PA enhancement than HCy-AAN. In addition, HCy-AAN-Bio could image legumain activity in vivo with an additional 1.5-fold FL enhancement and 1.9-fold PA enhancement than HCy-AAN. We expected that HCy-AAN-Bio will be a powerful tool for early diagnosis of associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Menglin Tao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wujuan Zhu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zijuan Hai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
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Khan SU, Khan IM, Khan MU, Ud Din MA, Khan MZ, Khan NM, Liu Y. Role of LGMN in tumor development and its progression and connection with the tumor microenvironment. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1121964. [PMID: 36825203 PMCID: PMC9942682 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumain (LGMN) has been demonstrated to be overexpressed not just in breast, prostatic, and liver tumor cells, but also in the macrophages that compose the tumor microenvironment. This supports the idea that LGMN is a pivotal protein in regulating tumor development, invasion, and dissemination. Targeting LGMN with siRNA or chemotherapeutic medicines and peptides can suppress cancer cell proliferation in culture and reduce tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, legumain can be used as a marker for cancer detection and targeting due to its expression being significantly lower in normal cells compared to tumors or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Tumor formation is influenced by aberrant expression of proteins and alterations in cellular architecture, but the tumor microenvironment is a crucial deciding factor. Legumain (LGMN) is an in vivo-active cysteine protease that catalyzes the degradation of numerous proteins. Its precise biological mechanism encompasses a number of routes, including effects on tumor-associated macrophage and neovascular endothelium in the tumor microenvironment. The purpose of this work is to establish a rationale for thoroughly investigating the function of LGMN in the tumor microenvironment and discovering novel tumor early diagnosis markers and therapeutic targets by reviewing the function of LGMN in tumor genesis and progression and its relationship with tumor milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China,*Correspondence: Ibrar Muhammad Khan, ; Yong Liu,
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Ud Din
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan KPK, Dera IsmailKhan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera IsmailKhan, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Yong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China,*Correspondence: Ibrar Muhammad Khan, ; Yong Liu,
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The Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Legumain: An Emerging Therapeutic Target and Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810223. [PMID: 36142134 PMCID: PMC9499314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is incurable dementia closely associated with aging. Most cases of AD are sporadic, and very few are inherited; the pathogenesis of sporadic AD is complex and remains to be elucidated. The asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) or legumain is the only recognized cysteine protease that specifically hydrolyzes peptide bonds after asparagine residues in mammals. The expression level of AEPs in healthy brains is far lower than that of peripheral organs. Recently, growing evidence has indicated that aging may upregulate and overactivate brain AEPs. The overactivation of AEPs drives the onset of AD through cleaving tau and amyloid precursor proteins (APP), and SET, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). The AEP-mediated cleavage of these peptides enhances amyloidosis, promotes tau hyperphosphorylation, and ultimately induces neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Upregulated AEPs and related deleterious reactions constitute upstream events of amyloid/tau toxicity in the brain, and represent early pathological changes in AD. Thus, upregulated AEPs are an emerging drug target for disease modification and a potential biomarker for predicting preclinical AD. However, the presence of the blood–brain barrier greatly hinders establishing body-fluid-based methods to measure brain AEPs. Research on AEP-activity-based imaging probes and our recent work suggest that the live brain imaging of AEPs could be used to evaluate its predictive efficacy as an AD biomarker. To advance translational research in this area, AEP imaging probes applicable to human brain and AEP inhibitors with good druggability are urgently needed.
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Dutta G, Manickam S, Sugumaran A. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposite - A Promising Technology for Effective Anticancer Therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121966. [PMID: 35764265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most challenging, life-threatening illnesses to cure, with over 10 million new cases diagnosed each year globally. Improved diagnostic cum treatment with common side-effects are warranting for successful therapy. Nanomaterials are recognized to improve early diagnosis, imaging, and treatment. Recently, multifunctional nanocomposites attracted considerable interest due to their low-cost production, and ideal thermal and chemical stability, and will be beneficial in future diagnostics and customized treatment capacity. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposites (SRHMNs) based nanocomposite materials pose the on/off delivery of bioactive compounds such as medications, genes, RNA, and DNA to specific tissue or organs and reduce toxicity. They simultaneously serve as sophisticated imaging and diagnostic tools when certain stimuli (e.g., temperature, pH, redox, ultrasound, or enzymes) activate the nanocomposite, resulting in the imaging-guided transport of the payload at defined sites. This review in detail addresses the recent advancements in the design and mechanism of internal breakdown processes of the functional moiety from stimuli-responsive systems in response to a range of stimuli coupled with metal nanoparticles. Also, it provides a thorough understanding of SRHMNs, enabling non-invasive interventional therapy by resolving several difficulties in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
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Sun H, Ma W, Duan S, Huang J, Jia R, Cheng H, Chen B, He X, Wang K. An endogenous stimulus detonated nanocluster-bomb for contrast-enhanced cancer imaging and combination therapy. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12118-12129. [PMID: 34667577 PMCID: PMC8457372 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03847h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploitation of stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms is of great value for precise and efficient cancer theranostics. Herein, an in situ activable "nanocluster-bomb" detonated by endogenous overexpressing legumain is fabricated for contrast-enhanced tumor imaging and controlled gene/drug release. By utilizing the functional peptides as bioligands, TAMRA-encircled gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) endowed with targeting, positively charged and legumain-specific domains are prepared as quenched building blocks due to the AuNCs' nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) effect on TAMRA. Importantly, the AuNCs can shelter therapeutic cargos of DNAzyme and Dox (Dzs-Dox) to aggregate larger nanoparticles as a "nanocluster-bomb" (AuNCs/Dzs-Dox), which could be selectively internalized into cancer cells by integrin-mediated endocytosis and in turn locally hydrolyzed in the lysosome with the aid of legumain. A "bomb-like" behavior including "spark-like" appearance (fluorescence on) derived from the diminished NSET effect of AuNCs and cargo release (disaggregation) of Dzs-Dox is subsequently monitored. The results showed that the AuNC-based disaggregation manner of the "nanobomb" triggered by legumain significantly improved the imaging contrast due to the activable mechanism and the enhanced cellular uptake of AuNCs. Meanwhile, the in vitro cytotoxicity tests revealed that the detonation strategy based on AuNCs/Dzs-Dox readily achieved efficient gene/chemo combination therapy. Moreover, the super efficacy of combinational therapy was further demonstrated by treating a xenografted MDA-MB-231 tumor model in vivo. We envision that our multipronged design of theranostic "nanocluster-bomb" with endogenous stimuli-responsiveness provides a novel strategy and great promise in the application of high contrast imaging and on-demand drug delivery for precise cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Shuangdi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Ruichen Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Biao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Xiaoxiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province Changsha 410082 China
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Wang Z, Meng Q, Li S. The Role of NIR Fluorescence in MDR Cancer Treatment: From Targeted Imaging to Phototherapy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5510-5529. [PMID: 31244415 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190627123719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug Resistance (MDR) is defined as a cross-resistance of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutics and has been demonstrated to correlate with drug efflux pumps. Visualization of drug efflux pumps is useful to pre-select patients who may be insensitive to chemotherapy, thus preventing patients from unnecessary treatment. Near-Infrared (NIR) imaging is an attractive approach to monitoring MDR due to its low tissue autofluorescence and deep tissue penetration. Molecular NIR imaging of MDR cancers requires stable probes targeting biomarkers with high specificity and affinity. OBJECTIVE This article aims to provide a concise review of novel NIR probes and their applications in MDR cancer treatment. RESULTS Recently, extensive research has been performed to develop novel NIR probes and several strategies display great promise. These strategies include chemical conjugation between NIR dyes and ligands targeting MDR-associated biomarkers, native NIR dyes with inherent targeting ability, activatable NIR probes as well as NIR dyes loaded nanoparticles. Moreover, NIR probes have been widely employed for photothermal and photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment, which combine with other modalities to overcome MDR. With the rapid advancing of nanotechnology, various nanoparticles are incorporated with NIR dyes to provide multifunctional platforms for controlled drug delivery and combined therapy to combat MDR. The construction of these probes for MDR cancers targeted NIR imaging and phototherapy will be discussed. Multimodal nanoscale platform which integrates MDR monitoring and combined therapy will also be encompassed. CONCLUSION We believe these NIR probes project a promising approach for diagnosis and therapy of MDR cancers, thus holding great potential to reach clinical settings in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingqing Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaoshun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Zhang Y, Ma Q, Yan Y, Guo C, Xu S, Wang L. Intratumoral Glutathione Activatable Nanoprobes for Fluorescence and 19F Magnetic Resonance Turn-On Imaging. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15679-15684. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yunhe Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Suying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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Qiu L, Li X, Lv G, Seimbille Y, Li K, Peng Y, Liu Q, Xie M, Lin J. Radiofluorinated Smart Probes for Noninvasive PET Imaging of Legumain Activity in Living Subjects. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11627-11634. [PMID: 32867490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of legumain is closely associated with tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Because of its intrinsic properties, such as high sensitivity and resolution, positron emission tomography (PET) has become an effective imaging technique for early diagnosis, treatment response prediction, and monitoring. Herein, two legumain-targeting radiofluorinated smart probes (18F-2 and 18F-3) as well as a control probe (18F-1) were specifically designed for PET imaging of legumain activity in tumors. 18F-1, 18F-2, and 18F-3 were obtained with high radiochemical yield (RCY > 60%) and radiochemical purity (RCP > 99%) using a convenient "one-step" 18F-labeling method. The probes 18F-2 and 18F-3 exhibited high response to legumain activity and reductive environment and revealed comparable uptake in HCT116 cells (4.22% ± 0.14% and 4.64% ± 0.32% for 18F-2 and 18F-3, respectively; 8.46% ± 0.33% and 9.05% ± 0.24% for co-treatment of 18F-2 + 2 and 18F-3 + 3 at 1 h), while the control probe 18F-1 showed no response. PET imaging of tumor-bearing mice showed that the co-injection strategy (18F-2 + 2 and 18F-3 + 3) resulted in higher tumor uptake (3.57% ± 0.37% and 3.72% ± 0.19% ID/g at 10 min, respectively) than the single injection strategy (2.59% ± 0.19% and 2.60% ± 0.46% ID/g for 18F-2 and 18F-3, respectively). In addition, introduction of the trimeric histidine-glutamate (HEHEHE) tag to 18F-3 reduced the liver uptake by almost two-fold without any noticeable effect on the tumor uptake. All the results indicate that 18F-3 holds great potential applications in clinics for sensitive and specific PET imaging of legumain activity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xi Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Gaochao Lv
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T2A3, Canada
| | - Ke Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ying Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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10
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Poreba M. Recent advances in the development of legumain-selective chemical probes and peptide prodrugs. Biol Chem 2020; 400:1529-1550. [PMID: 31021817 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Legumain, which is also known as vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) or asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP), is a cysteine protease that was first discovered and characterized in the leguminous seeds of the moth bean in the early 1990s. Later, this enzyme was also detected in higher organisms, including eukaryotes. This pH-dependent protease displays the highest activity in acidic endolysosomal compartments; however, legumain also displays nuclear, cytosolic and extracellular activity when stabilized by other proteins or intramolecular complexes. Based on the results from over 25 years of research, this protease is involved in multiple cellular events, including protein degradation and antigen presentation. Moreover, when dysregulated, this protease contributes to the progression of several diseases, with cancer being the well-studied example. Research on legumain biology was undoubtedly facilitated by the use of small molecule chemical tools. Therefore, in this review, I present the historical perspectives and most current strategies for the development of small molecule substrates, inhibitors and activity-based probes for legumain. These tools are of paramount importance in elucidating the roles of legumain in multiple biological processes. Finally, as this enzyme appears to be a promising molecular target for anticancer therapies, the development of legumain-activated prodrugs is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Poreba
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Li X, Liu Q, Ye S, Wang S, Li K, Lv G, Peng Y, Qiu L, Lin J. A protease-responsive fluorescent probe for sensitive imaging of legumain activity in living tumor cells. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1494-1503. [PMID: 31002467 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Legumain, a lysosomal cysteine protease, is critical for pathological progression and has been found to play an important role in the occurrence and development of several cancers. However, its biological functions remain few recognized. To further understand the role of legumain activity in tumor progression, a legumain protease-responsive fluorescent probe was developed in the present study. The probe 1 was synthesized by conjugating an aminoluciferin fluorophore with an alanine-alanine-asparagine (AAN) peptide sequence. The successful synthesis of probe 1 was validated by NMR and MS spectra as well as HPLC analysis. The probe 1 was non-toxic and exhibited great stability in the physiological solutions. More importantly, compared with the aminoluciferin fluorophore, the peptide conjugation may dramatically increase the targeting specificity. Probe 1 was able to effectively detect the legumain activity in living HCT116 cells through fluorescence imaging. All these results implied that probe 1 could act as a promising fluorescent probe specialized for the monitoring of legumain activity in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Siqin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Gaochao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
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12
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Wahsner J, Gale EM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Caravan P. Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers. Chem Rev 2019; 119:957-1057. [PMID: 30350585 PMCID: PMC6516866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 827] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tens of millions of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams are performed annually around the world. The contrast agents, which improve diagnostic accuracy, are almost exclusively small, hydrophilic gadolinium(III) based chelates. In recent years concerns have arisen surrounding the long-term safety of these compounds, and this has spurred research into alternatives. There has also been a push to develop new molecularly targeted contrast agents or agents that can sense pathological changes in the local environment. This comprehensive review describes the state of the art of clinically approved contrast agents, their mechanism of action, and factors influencing their safety. From there we describe different mechanisms of generating MR image contrast such as relaxation, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and direct detection and the types of molecules that are effective for these purposes. Next we describe efforts to make safer contrast agents either by increasing relaxivity, increasing resistance to metal ion release, or by moving to gadolinium(III)-free alternatives. Finally we survey approaches to make contrast agents more specific for pathology either by direct biochemical targeting or by the design of responsive or activatable contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wahsner
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eric M. Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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13
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Development of a novel thermal-sensitive multifunctional liposome with antibody conjugation to target EGFR-expressing tumors. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 15:285-294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Tang W, Fan W, Lau J, Deng L, Shen Z, Chen X. Emerging blood–brain-barrier-crossing nanotechnology for brain cancer theranostics. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2967-3014. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The advancements, perspectives, and challenges in blood–brain-barrier (BBB)-crossing nanotechnology for effective brain tumor delivery and highly efficient brain cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
| | - Wenpei Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
| | - Joseph Lau
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
| | - Liming Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Bethesda
- USA
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15
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Tian X, Tong X, Li Z, Li D, Kong Q, Yang X. In Vivo Fluoride Ion Detection and Imaging in Mice Using a Designed Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on IR-780. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11486-11491. [PMID: 30350985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A ratiometric near-infrared fluorescence probe based on IR-780 is developed and applied to fluoride anion (F-) detection in potable water and white flour as well as fluorescence imaging in living cells and mice. The proposed probe not only displays a linear ratiometric (F740/F690 nm) fluorescence response but also possesses near-infrared wavelengths to F- with a detection limit of 0.2 μM. Moreover, the designed probe displays high selectivity toward F-, which makes it feasible for F- detection in potable water and white flour. More importantly, applied to monitor F- in living HepG2 cells and male BALB/c mice, the probe indicates good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. However, no study for F- detection has been reported by a ratiometric NIR fluorescent probe so far. We expect that this probe with superior properties has great potential for use in F- detection in biological systems and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Tian
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Xinxin Tong
- South Sulige Operating Company, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company , Xi'an 710000 , China
| | - Zhao Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Qingjun Kong
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
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16
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Sun J, Xu W, Li L, Fan B, Peng X, Qu B, Wang L, Li T, Li S, Zhang R. Ultrasmall endogenous biopolymer nanoparticles for magnetic resonance/photoacoustic dual-modal imaging-guided photothermal therapy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10584-10595. [PMID: 29808892 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01215f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Multi-modal imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) has aroused extensive attention in biomedical research recently because it can provide more comprehensive information for accurate diagnosis and treatment. In this research, the manganese ion chelated endogenous biopolymer melanin nanoparticles were successfully prepared for magnetic resonance (MR)/photoacoustic (PA) dual-modal imaging-guided PTT. The obtained nanoparticles with an ultrasmall size of about 3.2 nm exhibited negligible cytotoxicity, high relaxivity for MRI, an excellent photothermal effect and PA activity. Moreover, in vivo MRI and PAI results all demonstrated that the nanoparticles began to diffuse in the blood after intratumoral injection into tumor-bearing mice and could spread throughout the whole tumor region at 3 h, indicating the optimal treatment time. The subsequent photothermal therapy of cancer cells in vivo was carried out and the result showed that tumor growth could be effectively inhibited without inducing any observed side effects. Besides, melanin as an endogenous biopolymer has native biocompatibility and biodegradability, and it can be excreted through both renal and hepatobiliary pathways after treatment. Therefore, the melanin-Mn nanoparticles may assist in better indicating the optimal treatment time, monitoring the therapeutic process and enhancing the therapeutic effect and showed great clinical translation potential for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine Research, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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17
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Zhao J, Chen H, Tang Y, Chen H, Chen G, Yin Y, Li G. Research progresses on the functional polypeptides in the detection and imaging of breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2510-2523. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02541f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptides as functional groups continue to garner significant interest in the detection and imaging of breast cancer, working as recognition elements, signal sources, building blocks and therapeutic reagents, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Huinan Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Guifang Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210029
- China
| | - Genxi Li
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
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18
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Haque A, Faizi MSH, Rather JA, Khan MS. Next generation NIR fluorophores for tumor imaging and fluorescence-guided surgery: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2017-2034. [PMID: 28284863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases responsible for the major causes of mortality and morbidity among people of all ages. Even though medical sciences have made enormous growth, complete treatment of this deadly disease is still a challenging task. Last few decades witnessed an impressive growth in the design and development of near infrared (NIR) fluorophores with and without recognition moieties for molecular recognitions, imaging and image guided surgeries. The present article reviews recently reported NIR emitting organic/inorganic fluorophores that targets and accumulates in organelle/organs specifically for molecular imaging of cancerous cells. Near infrared (NIR probe) with or without a tumor-targeting warhead have been considered and discussed for their applications in the field of cancer imaging. In addition, challenges persist in this area are also delineated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | | | - Jahangir Ahmad Rather
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Muhammad S Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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19
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Progress of Multimodal Molecular Imaging Technology in Diagnosis of Tumor. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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20
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Li F, Zhi D, Luo Y, Zhang J, Nan X, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Qiu B, Wen L, Liang G. Core/shell Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes as T1-T2 dual modal MRI contrast agents. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12826-33. [PMID: 27297334 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02620f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
T1-T2 dual modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has attracted considerable interest because it offers complementary diagnostic information, leading to more precise diagnosis. To date, a number of nanostructures have been reported as T1-T2 dual modal MR contrast agents (CAs). However, hybrids of nanocubes with both iron and gadolinium (Gd) elements as T1-T2 dual modal CAs have not been reported. Herein, we report the synthesis of novel core/shell Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes as T1-T2 dual-modal CAs and their application for enhanced T1-T2 MR imaging of rat livers. A relaxivity study at 1.5 T indicated that our Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes have an r1 value of 45.24 mM(-1) s(-1) and an r2 value of 186.51 mM(-1) s(-1), which were about two folds of those of Gd2O3 nanoparticles and Fe3O4 nanocubes, respectively. In vivo MR imaging of rats showed both T1-positive and T2-negative contrast enhancements in the livers. We envision that our Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes could be applied as T1-T2 dual modal MR CAs for a wide range of theranostic applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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21
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Zhang L, Liang S, Liu R, Yuan T, Zhang S, Xu Z, Xu H. Facile preparation of multifunctional uniform magnetic microspheres for T1-T2 dual modal magnetic resonance and optical imaging. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:344-354. [PMID: 27110910 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is of significant importance for early detection and diagnosis of cancer. Herein, a novel core-shell magnetic microsphere for dual modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging was produced by one-pot emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization, which could provide high resolution rate of histologic structure information and realize high sensitive detection at the same time. The synthesized magnetic microspheres composed of cores containing oleic acid (OA) and sodium undecylenate (NaUA) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles and styrene (St), Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and polymerizable lanthanide complexes (Gd(AA)3Phen and Eu(AA)3Phen) polymerized on the surface for outer shells. Fluorescence spectra show characteristic emission peaks from Eu(3+) at 590nm and 615nm and vivid red fluorescence luminescence can be observed by 2-photon confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM). In vitro cytotoxicity tests based on the MTT assay demonstrate good cytocompatibility, the composites have longitudinal relaxivity value (r1) of 8.39mM(-1)s(-1) and also have transverse relaxivity value (r2) of 71.18mM(-1)s(-1) at clinical 3.0 T MR scanner. In vitro and in vivo MRI studies exhibit high signal enhancement on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images. These fascinating multifunctional properties suggest that the polymer microspheres have large clinical potential as multi-modal MRI/optical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Radiology at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Tianmeng Yuan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Shulai Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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22
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Wang Y, Zhang R, Song R, Guo K, Meng Q, Feng H, Duan C, Zhang Z. Fluoride-specific fluorescence/MRI bimodal probe based on a gadolinium(iii)–flavone complex: synthesis, mechanism and bioimaging application in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:7379-7386. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports a bimodal probe for the fluorescence and magnetic resonance detection of fluoride ion (F−) in aqueous medium andin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114044
- P. R. China
| | - Run Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114044
- P. R. China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
| | - Renfeng Song
- Ansteel Mining Engineering Corporation
- Anshan
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Guo
- Ansteel Mining Engineering Corporation
- Anshan
- P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114044
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
| | - Huan Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114044
- P. R. China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian High-Tech Industrial Zone 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114044
- P. R. China
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23
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Wang D, Ma D, Wong ML, Wáng YXJ. Recent advances in surgical planning & navigation for tumor biopsy and resection. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2015; 5:640-8. [PMID: 26682133 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.10.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper highlights recent advancements in imaging technologies for surgical planning and navigation in tumor biopsy and resection which need high-precision in detection and characterization of lesion margin in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation. Multimodality image-guided surgery platforms brought great benefits in surgical planning and operation accuracy via registration of various data sets with information on morphology [X-ray, magnetic resonance (MR), computed tomography (CT)], function connectivity [functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), rest-status fMRI], or molecular activity [positron emission tomography (PET)]. These image-guided platforms provide a correspondence between the pre-operative surgical planning and intra-operative procedure. We envisage that the combination of advanced multimodal imaging, three-dimensional (3D) printing, and cloud computing will play increasingly important roles in planning and navigation of surgery for tumor biopsy and resection in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defeng Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Diya Ma
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew Lun Wong
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yì Xiáng J Wáng
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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24
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Staudinger C, Borisov SM. Long-wavelength analyte-sensitive luminescent probes and optical (bio)sensors. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:042005. [PMID: 27134748 PMCID: PMC4849553 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/4/042005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long-wavelength luminescent probes and sensors become increasingly popular. They offer the advantage of lower levels of autofluorescence in most biological probes. Due to high penetration depth and low scattering of red and NIR light such probes potentially enable in vivo measurements in tissues and some of them have already reached a high level of reliability required for such applications. This review focuses on the recent progress in development and application of long-wavelength analyte-sensitive probes which can operate both reversibly and irreversibly. Photophysical properties, sensing mechanisms, advantages and limitations of individual probes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Staudinger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
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25
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Zhen Y, Chunlei G, Wenzhi S, Shuangtao Z, Na L, Rongrong W, Xiaohe L, Haiying N, Dehong L, Shan J, Xiaoyue T, Rong X. Clinicopathologic significance of legumain overexpression in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16599. [PMID: 26607955 PMCID: PMC4660395 DOI: 10.1038/srep16599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since reports on the clinical significance of legumain in cancer have shown inconsistent results, we systematically evaluated clinical indicators of legumain in cancer. We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and EBSCO databases and the Wangfang and CNKI databases in China by using "legumain" and ("neoplasms" OR "cancer") as search terms. We included case-controlled studies of legumain and cancer. The quality of the studies was evaluated by using Lichtenstein's guidelines, and valid data was extracted for analysis. In total, 10 articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that legumain was overexpressed in cancer compared with in normal tissue and was higher in stage III-IV disease than in I-II disease. Moreover, legumain overexpression was correlated with poor prognosis and clinical stage. Furthermore, Cancer Genome Atlas data showed that among patients with rectal cancer, those with tumors overexpressing legumain had shorter overall survival than those in the low expression group (P < 0.05). Legumain appears to be involved in tumor development and deterioration; thus, it can potentially be developed into both a marker for monitoring and diagnosing tumors and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhen
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Guo Chunlei
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Shen Wenzhi
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Zhao Shuangtao
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Luo Na
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Wang Rongrong
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Luo Xiaohe
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Niu Haiying
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Luo Dehong
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Jiang Shan
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Tan Xiaoyue
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
| | - Xiang Rong
- Department of Tumor Molecular Biology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 371000, China
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26
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Structure and function of legumain in health and disease. Biochimie 2015; 122:126-50. [PMID: 26403494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The last years have seen a steady increase in our understanding of legumain biology that is driven from two largely uncoupled research arenas, the mammalian and the plant legumain field. Research on legumain, which is also referred to as asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) or vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE), is slivered, however. Here we summarise recent important findings and put them into a common perspective. Legumain is usually associated with its cysteine endopeptidase activity in lysosomes where it contributes to antigen processing for class II MHC presentation. However, newly recognized functions disperse previously assumed boundaries with respect to their cellular compartmentalisation and enzymatic activities. Legumain is also found extracellularly and even translocates to the cytosol and the nucleus, with seemingly incompatible pH and redox potential. These different milieus translate into changes of legumain's molecular properties, including its (auto-)activation, conformational stability and enzymatic functions. Contrasting its endopeptidase activity, legumain can develop a carboxypeptidase activity which remains stable at neutral pH. Moreover, legumain features a peptide ligase activity, with intriguing mechanistic peculiarities in plant and human isoforms. In pathological settings, such as cancer or Alzheimer's disease, the proper association of legumain activities with the corresponding cellular compartments is breached. Legumain's increasingly recognized physiological and pathological roles also indicate future research opportunities in this vibrant field.
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Zhang K, Liu M, Tong X, Sun N, Zhou L, Cao Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Pei R. Aptamer-Modified Temperature-Sensitive Liposomal Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2015. [PMID: 26212580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel aptamer modified thermosensitive liposome was designed as an efficient magnetic resonance imaging probe. In this paper, Gd-DTPA was encapsulated into an optimized thermosensitive liposome (TSL) formulation, followed by conjugation with AS1411 for specific targeting against tumor cells that overexpress nucleolin receptors. The resulting liposomes were extensively characterized in vitro as a contrast agent. As-prepared TSLs-AS1411 had a diameter about 136.1 nm. No obvious cytotoxicity was observed from MTT assay, which illustrated that the liposomes exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Compared to the control incubation at 37 °C, the liposomes modified with AS1411 exhibited much higher T1 relaxivity in MCF-7 cells incubated at 42 °C. These data indicate that the Gd-encapsulated TSLs-AS1411 may be a promising tool in early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunchi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jine Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hailu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and Nanobionics, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
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Liu R, Jing L, Peng D, Li Y, Tian J, Dai Z. Manganese (II) Chelate Functionalized Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles for Efficient Magnetic Resonance/Photoacoustic Dual-Modal Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:1144-53. [PMID: 26284144 PMCID: PMC4533097 DOI: 10.7150/thno.11754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities into one nanoplatform shows great promise in cancer therapy. In this research, manganese (II) chelate functionalized copper sulfide nanoparticles were successfully prepared using a facile hydrothermal method. The obtained ultrasmall nanoparticles exhibit excellent photothermal effect and photoaoustic activity. Besides, the high loading content of Mn(II) chelates makes the nanoparticles attractive T1 contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vivo photoacoustic imaging (PAI) results showed that the nanoparticles could be efficiently accumulated in tumor site in 24 h after systematic administration, which was further validated by MRI tests. The subsequent photothermal therapy of cancer in vivo was achieved without inducing any observed side effects. Therefore, the copper sulfide nanoparticles functionalized with Mn(II) chelate hold great promise as a theranostic nanomedicine for MR/PA dual-modal imaging guided photothermal therapy of cancer.
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Hingorani DV, Bernstein AS, Pagel MD. A review of responsive MRI contrast agents: 2005-2014. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 10:245-65. [PMID: 25355685 PMCID: PMC4414668 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on MRI contrast agents that are responsive to a change in a physiological biomarker. The response mechanisms are dependent on six physicochemical characteristics, including the accessibility of water to the agent, tumbling time, proton exchange rate, electron spin state, MR frequency or superparamagnetism of the agent. These characteristics can be affected by changes in concentrations or activities of enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, or metal ions, or changes in redox state, pH, temperature, or light. A total of 117 examples are presented, including ones that employ nuclei other than (1) H, which attests to the creativity of multidisciplinary research efforts to develop responsive MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina V Hingorani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Adam S Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Mark D Pagel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, USA
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30
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Jodal A, Pape F, Becker-Pauly C, Maas O, Schibli R, Béhé M. Evaluation of ¹¹¹in-labelled exendin-4 derivatives containing different meprin β-specific cleavable linkers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123443. [PMID: 25855967 PMCID: PMC4391719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleavable linkers, which are specifically cleaved by defined conditions or enzymes, are powerful tools that can be used for various purposes. Amongst other things, they have been successfully used to deliver toxic payloads as prodrugs into target tissues. In this work novel linker sequences targeting meprin β, a metalloprotease expressed in the kidney brush-border membrane, were designed and included in the sequence of three radiolabelled exendin-4 derivatives. As radiolabelled exendin-4 derivatives strongly accumulate in the kidneys, we hypothesised that specific cleavage of the radiolabelled moiety at the kidney brush-border membrane would allow easier excretion of the activity into the urine and therefore improve the pharmacological properties of the peptide. RESULTS The insertion of a cleavable linker did not negatively influence the in vitro properties of the peptides. They showed a good affinity to the GLP-1 receptor expressed in CHL cells, a high internalisation and sufficiently high stability in fresh human blood plasma. In vitro digestion with recombinant meprin β rapidly metabolised the corresponding linker sequences. After 60 min the majority of the corresponding peptides were digested and at the same time the anticipated fragments were formed. The peptides were also quickly metabolised in CD1 nu/nu mouse kidney homogenates. Immunofluorescence staining of meprin β in kidney sections confirmed the expression of the protease in the kidney brush-border membrane. Biodistribution in GLP-1 receptor positive tumour-xenograft bearing mice revealed high specific uptake of the 111In-labelled tracers in receptor positive tissue. Accumulation in the kidneys, however, was still high and comparable to the lead compound 111In-Ex4NOD40. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we show that the concept of cleavable linkers specific for meprin β is feasible, as the peptides are rapidly cleaved by the enzyme while retaining their biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jodal
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Pape
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ole Maas
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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31
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Huang L, Yan C, Cui D, Yan Y, Liu X, Lu X, Tan X, Lu X, Xu J, Xu Y, Liu R. Organic Radical Contrast Agents Based on Polyacetylenes Containing 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine 1-Oxyl (TEMPO): Targeted Magnetic Resonance (MR)/Optical Bimodal Imaging of Folate Receptor Expressing HeLa Tumors in Vitro and in Vivoa. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:788-98. [PMID: 25677802 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
- Department of Radiology; Guangdong Provincial Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital; Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Chenggong Yan
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Danting Cui
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yichen Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Xiangliang Tan
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yikai Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
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32
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Abstract
We provide an overview covering the existing challenges and latest developments in achieving high selectivity and sensitivity cancer-biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
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Chi C, Du Y, Ye J, Kou D, Qiu J, Wang J, Tian J, Chen X. Intraoperative imaging-guided cancer surgery: from current fluorescence molecular imaging methods to future multi-modality imaging technology. Theranostics 2014; 4:1072-84. [PMID: 25250092 PMCID: PMC4165775 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major threat to human health. Diagnosis and treatment using precision medicine is expected to be an effective method for preventing the initiation and progression of cancer. Although anatomical and functional imaging techniques such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have played an important role for accurate preoperative diagnostics, for the most part these techniques cannot be applied intraoperatively. Optical molecular imaging is a promising technique that provides a high degree of sensitivity and specificity in tumor margin detection. Furthermore, existing clinical applications have proven that optical molecular imaging is a powerful intraoperative tool for guiding surgeons performing precision procedures, thus enabling radical resection and improved survival rates. However, detection depth limitation exists in optical molecular imaging methods and further breakthroughs from optical to multi-modality intraoperative imaging methods are needed to develop more extensive and comprehensive intraoperative applications. Here, we review the current intraoperative optical molecular imaging technologies, focusing on contrast agents and surgical navigation systems, and then discuss the future prospects of multi-modality imaging technology for intraoperative imaging-guided cancer surgery.
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34
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Legumain protease-activated TAT-liposome cargo for targeting tumours and their microenvironment. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4280. [PMID: 24969588 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific targeting and cellular internalization are key properties for carriers of antitumor therapeutic agents. Here, we develop a drug carrier through the attachment of substrate of endoprotease legumain, alanine-alanine-asparagine (AAN), to cell-penetrating peptides (TAT, trans-activating factor). The addition of the AAN moiety to the fourth lysine in the TAT creates a branched peptide moiety, which leads to a decrease in the transmembrane transport capacity of TAT by 72.65%. Legumain efficiently catalyses the release of TAT-liposome from the AAN-TAT-liposome and thereby recovers the penetrating capacity of TAT. Doxorubicin carried by the AAN-TAT-liposome led to an increase in the tumoricidal effect of doxorubicin and a reduction in its systemic adverse effects in comparison with doxorubicin carried by a control delivery system. Thus, the specific targeting and high efficiency of this delivery platform offers a novel approach to limit the toxicity of anticancer agents as well as increasing their efficacy in cancer therapy.
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