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Li M, Li S, Guo Y, Hu P, Shi J. Magnetothermal-activated gene editing strategy for enhanced tumor cell apoptosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:450. [PMID: 39080645 PMCID: PMC11287911 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise and effective initiation of the apoptotic mechanism in tumor cells is one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of solid tumors. However, current techniques such as high-temperature ablation or gene editing suffer from the risk of damage to adjacent normal tissues. This study proposes a magnetothermal-induced CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system for the targeted knockout of HSP70 and BCL2 genes, thereby enhancing tumor cell apoptosis. The magnetothermal nanoparticulate platform is composed of superparamagnetic ZnCoFe2O4@ZnMnFe2O4 nanoparticles and the modified polyethyleneimine (PEI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) on the surface, on which plasmid DNA can be effectively loaded. Under the induction of a controllable alternating magnetic field, the mild magnetothermal effect (42℃) not only triggers dual-genome editing to disrupt the apoptosis resistance mechanism of tumor cells but also sensitizes tumor cells to apoptosis through the heat effect itself, achieving a synergistic therapeutic effect. This strategy can precisely regulate the activation of the CRISPR-Cas9 system for tumor cell apoptosis without inducing significant damage to healthy tissues, thus providing a new avenue for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Siqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - YueDong Guo
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, 38 Yun-xin Road, Shanghai, 200435, P.R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, 38 Yun-xin Road, Shanghai, 200435, P.R. China.
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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Cui Z, Huang B, Zheng J, Tian J, Zhang W. A TME-enlightened protein-binding photodynamic nanoinhibitor for highly effective oncology treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321545121. [PMID: 38713621 PMCID: PMC11098098 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321545121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is greatly dependent on intrinsic features of photosensitizers (PSs), but most PSs suffer from narrow diffusion distances and short life span of singlet oxygen (1O2). Here, to conquer this issue, we propose a strategy for in situ formation of complexes between PSs and proteins to deactivate proteins, leading to highly effective PDT. The tetrafluorophenyl bacteriochlorin (FBC), a strong near-infrared absorbing photosensitizer, can tightly bind to intracellular proteins to form stable complexes, which breaks through the space-time constraints of PSs and proteins. The generated singlet oxygen directly causes the protein dysfunction, leading to high efficiency of PSs. To enable efficient delivery of PSs, a charge-conversional and redox-responsive block copolymer POEGMA-b-(PAEMA/DMMA-co-BMA) (PB) was designed to construct a protein-binding photodynamic nanoinhibitor (FBC@PB), which not only prolongs blood circulation and enhances cellular uptake but also releases FBC on demand in tumor microenvironment (TME). Meanwhile, PDT-induced destruction of cancer cells could produce tumor-associated antigens which were capable to trigger robust antitumor immune responses, facilitating the eradication of residual cancer cells. A series of experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that this multifunctional nanoinhibitor provides a promising strategy to extend photodynamic immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, People’s Republic of China
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Wang W, Gao Y, Xu J, Zou T, Yang B, Hu S, Cheng X, Xia Y, Zheng Q. A NRF2 Regulated and the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment Reversed Nanoplatform for Cholangiocarcinoma Photodynamic-Gas Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307143. [PMID: 38308097 PMCID: PMC11005733 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive and controllable local cancer treatment for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the efficacy of PDT is hindered by intratumoral hypoxia and the presence of an antioxidant microenvironment. To address these limitations, combining PDT with gas therapy may be a promising strategy to enhance tumor oxygenation. Moreover, the augmentation of oxidative damage induced by PDT and gas therapy can be achieved by inhibiting NRF2, a core regulatory molecule involved in the antioxidant response. In this study, an integrated nanotherapeutic platform called CMArg@Lip, incorporating PDT and gas therapies using ROS-responsive liposomes encapsulating the photosensitizer Ce6, the NO gas-generating agent L-arginine, and the NRF2 inhibitor ML385, is successfully developed. The utilization of CMArg@Lip effectively deals with challenges posed by tumor hypoxia and antioxidant microenvironment, resulting in elevated levels of oxidative damage and subsequent induction of ferroptosis in CCA. Additionally, these findings suggest that CMArg@Lip exhibits notable immunomodulatory effects, including the promotion of immunogenic cell death and facilitation of dendritic cell maturation. Furthermore, it contributes to the anti-tumor function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes through the downregulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and the activation of the STING signaling pathway in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby reprogramming the immunosuppressive microenvironment via various mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Tianhao Zou
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Shaobo Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Digestive Oncology SurgeryCancer CentreUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of General SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Qichang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Liver Transplant CenterUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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Ma S, Li Y, Liu F, Wang X, Qin Z, Wang L, Yang J, Wang L, Yang W, Wang N, You Y, Wu Q, Gong C. Hierarchical-unlocking virus-esque NanoCRISPR precisely disrupts autocrine and paracrine pathway of VEGF for tumor inhibition and antiangiogenesis. J Control Release 2024; 366:505-518. [PMID: 38184233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) not only serves as an autocrine survival factor for tumor cells themselves, but also stimulates angiogenesis by paracrine pathway. Strategies targeting VEGF holds tremendous potential for tumor therapy, however, agents targeting VEGF are limited by intolerable side effects, together with incomplete and temporary blocking of VEGF, resulting in unsatisfactory and unsustained therapeutic outcomes. Herein, hierarchical-unlocking virus-esque NanoCRISPR (HUNGER) is constructed for complete, permanent and efficient intracellular disruption of autocrine and paracrine pathway of VEGF, thereby eliciting notable tumor inhibition and antiangiogenesis. After intravenous administration, HUNGER exhibits prolonged blood circulation and hyaluronic acid-CD44 mediated tumor-targeting capability. Subsequently, when matrix metalloproteinase-2 is overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment, the PEG layer will be removed. The cell-penetrating peptide R8 endows HUNGER deep tumor penetration and specific cellular uptake. Upon cellular internalization, HUNGER undergoes hyaluronidase-triggered deshielding in lysosome, lysosomal escape is realized swiftly, and then the loaded CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid (>8 kb) is transported to nucleus efficiently. Consequentially, complete, permanent and efficient intracellular disruption of autocrine and paracrine pathway of VEGF ensures inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth with inappreciable toxicity. Overall, this work opens a brand-new avenue for anti-VEGF therapy and presents a feasible strategy for in vivo delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Furong Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zeyi Qin
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanjie You
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Qinjie Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Lin M, Wang X. Natural Biopolymer-Based Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:62. [PMID: 38258073 PMCID: PMC10819213 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has become the most promising gene editing tool and is broadly utilized to manipulate the gene for disease treatment, especially for cancer, which involves multiple genetic alterations. Typically, CRISPR/Cas9 machinery is delivered in one of three forms: DNA, mRNA, or ribonucleoprotein. However, the lack of efficient delivery systems for these macromolecules confined the clinical breakthrough of this technique. Therefore, a variety of nanomaterials have been fabricated to improve the stability and delivery efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In this context, the natural biopolymer-based carrier is a particularly promising platform for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery due to its great stability, low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Here, we focus on the advances of natural biopolymer-based materials for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in the cancer field and discuss the challenges for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Tiwari H, Rai N, Singh S, Gupta P, Verma A, Singh AK, Kajal, Salvi P, Singh SK, Gautam V. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials-Based Targeted Drug Delivery for Preclinical Cancer Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:760. [PMID: 37508788 PMCID: PMC10376516 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-oncology is a branch of biomedical research and engineering that focuses on using nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanomaterials are extensively employed in the field of oncology because of their minute size and ultra-specificity. A wide range of nanocarriers, such as dendrimers, micelles, PEGylated liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles are used to facilitate the efficient transport of anti-cancer drugs at the target tumor site. Real-time labeling and monitoring of cancer cells using quantum dots is essential for determining the level of therapy needed for treatment. The drug is targeted to the tumor site either by passive or active means. Passive targeting makes use of the tumor microenvironment and enhanced permeability and retention effect, while active targeting involves the use of ligand-coated nanoparticles. Nanotechnology is being used to diagnose the early stage of cancer by detecting cancer-specific biomarkers using tumor imaging. The implication of nanotechnology in cancer therapy employs photoinduced nanosensitizers, reverse multidrug resistance, and enabling efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA molecules for therapeutic applications. However, despite recent advancements in nano-oncology, there is a need to delve deeper into the domain of designing and applying nanoparticles for improved cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Kajal
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Prafull Salvi
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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