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Hu X, Li J, Yu L, Ifejola J, Guo Y, Zhang D, Khosravi Z, Zhang K, Cui H. Screening of anti-melanoma compounds from Morus alba L.: Sanggenon C promotes melanoma cell apoptosis by disrupting intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117759. [PMID: 38219884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morus alba L. is a widespread plant that has long been considered to have remarkable medical values, including anti-inflammation in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The components of Morus Alba L. constituents have been extensively studied and have been shown to have high prospects for cancer therapy. However, limited investigations have been done on the bioactive compounds in Morus alba L. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to systematically examine the anticancer properties of 28 commercially available compounds from Morus alba L. against melanoma cells in vitro. Additionally, the anticancer mechanisms of the bioactive compound exhibiting the most significant potential were further studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-proliferative effects of Morus alba L.-derived compounds on melanoma cells were determined by colony formation assays. Their effects on cell viability and apoptosis were determined using the CCK8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The binding affinity of identified Morus alba L. compounds with anticancer activities towards melanoma targets was analyzed via molecular docking. The molecular mechanism of Sanggenon C was explored using soft agar assays, EdU incorporation assays, flow cytometry, western blotting, transcriptome analysis, and xenograft assays. RESULTS Based on colony formation assays, 11 compounds at 20 μM significantly inhibited colony growth on a panel of melanoma cells. These compounds displayed IC50 values (half maximal inhibitory concentrations) ranging from 5 μM to 30 μM. Importantly, six compounds were identified as novel anti-melanoma agents, including Sanggenon C, 3'-Geranyl-3-prenyl-2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone, Moracin P, Moracin O, Kuwanon A, and Kuwanon E. Among them, Sanggenon C showed the most potent effects, with an IC50 of about 5 μM, significantly reducing proliferation and inducing apoptosis in melanoma cells. Based on the xenograft model assay, Sanggenon C significantly inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in vivo. Sanggenon C triggered ER stress in a dose-dependent manner, which further disrupted cellular calcium ion (Ca2+) homeostasis. The Ca2+ chelator BAPTA partially restored cell apoptosis induced by Sanggenon C, confirming that Ca2+ signaling contributed to the anticancer activity of Sanggenon C against melanoma. CONCLUSIONS In our study, 11 compounds demonstrated anti-melanoma properties. Notably, Sanggenon C was found to promote apoptosis by disrupting the intracellular calcium homeostasis in melanoma cells. This study provides valuable information for the future development of novel cancer therapeutic agents from Morus alba L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Lang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Jemirade Ifejola
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Zahra Khosravi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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Guo L, Dong Z, Zhang X, Yang Y, Hu X, Ji Y, Li C, Wan S, Xu J, Liu C, Zhang Y, Liu L, Shi Y, Wu Z, Liu Y, Cui H. Morusinol extracted from Morus alba induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibition of DNA damage response in melanoma by CHK1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154765. [PMID: 37004403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Flavonoids have a variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, anti-thrombosis and so on. Morusinol, as a novel isoprene flavonoid extracted from Morus alba root barks, has the effects of anti-arterial thrombosis and anti-inflammatory in previous studies. However, the anti-cancer mechanism of morusinol remains unclear. PURPOSE In present study, we mainly studied the anti-tumor effect of morusinol and its mode of action in melanoma. METHODS The anti-cancer effect of morusinol on melanoma were evaluated by using the MTT, EdU, plate clone formation and soft agar assay. Flow cytometry was used for detecting cell cycle and apoptosis. The ɣ-H2AX immunofluorescence and the alkaline comet assay were used to detect DNA damage and the Western blotting analysis was used to investigate the expressions of DNA-damage related proteins. Ubiquitination and turnover of CHK1 were also detected by using the immunoprecipitation assay. The cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) mouse models were used in vivo to evaluate the effect of morusinol on tumorigenicity. RESULTS We demonstrated that morusinol not only had the ability to inhibit cell proliferation, but also induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, caspase-dependent apoptosis and DNA damage in human melanoma cells. In addition, morusinol effectively inhibited the growth of melanoma xenografts in vivo. More strikingly, CHK1, which played an important role in maintaining the integrity of cell cycle, genomic stability and cell viability, was down-regulated in a dose- and time-dependent manner after morusinol treatment. Further research showed that CHK1 was degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Whereafter, morusinol-induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA damage were partially salvaged by overexpressing CHK1 in melanoma cell lines. Herein, further experiments demonstrated that morusinol increased the sensitivity of dacarbazine (DTIC) to chemotherapy for melanoma in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Morusinol induces CHK1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA damage response in melanoma. Our study firstly provided a theoretical basis for morusinol to be a candidate drug for clinical treatment of cancer, such as melanoma, alone or combinated with dacarbazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyang Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Hospital of Southwest University, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Hospital of Southwest University, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yuanmiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yacong Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Sicheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Lichao Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Yaqiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Zonghui Wu
- Hospital of Southwest University, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Hospital of Southwest University, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Song J, Zhang B, Li M, Zhang J. The current scenario of naturally occurring indole alkaloids with anticancer potential. Fitoterapia 2023; 165:105430. [PMID: 36634875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring indole alkaloids are ubiquitously present in nature and possess extensive biological properties and structural diversity. Mechanistically, naturally occurring indole alkaloids have the potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis. Accordingly, naturally occurring indole alkaloids exhibit promising activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers including multidrug-resistant forms. Therefore, naturally occurring indole alkaloids constitute an important source of anticancer drug leads and candidates. The goal of this review is to highlight the current scenario of naturally occurring indole alkaloids with anticancer potential, covering articles published from 2018 to present. The names, sources, and antiproliferative activity are discussed to continuously open up a map for the remarkable exploration of more effective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Song
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Zibo 148 Hospital, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Emergency Department, People's Hospital of Zhoucun District, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhoucun District, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Zibo 148 Hospital, Zibo 255300, China.
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Sericultural By-Products: The Potential for Alternative Therapy in Cancer Drug Design. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020850. [PMID: 36677907 PMCID: PMC9861160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Major progress has been made in cancer research; however, cancer remains one of the most important health-related burdens. Sericulture importance is no longer limited to the textile industry, but its by-products, such as silk fibroin or mulberry, exhibit great impact in the cancer research area. Fibroin, the pivotal compound that is found in silk, owns superior biocompatibility and biodegradability, representing one of the most important biomaterials. Numerous studies have reported its successful use as a drug delivery system, and it is currently used to develop three-dimensional tumor models that lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and play a great role in the development of novel antitumoral strategies. Moreover, sericin's cytotoxic effect on various tumoral cell lines has been reported, but also, it has been used as a nanocarrier for target therapeutic agents. On the other hand, mulberry compounds include various bioactive elements that are well known for their antitumoral activities, such as polyphenols or anthocyanins. In this review, the latest progress of using sericultural by-products in cancer therapy is discussed by highlighting their notable impact in developing novel effective drug strategies.
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Maqsood M, Anam Saeed R, Sahar A, Khan MI. Mulberry plant as a source of functional food with therapeutic and nutritional applications: A review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14263. [PMID: 35642132 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants from the family Moraceae have diverse applications in agriculture, cosmetics, food, and the pharmaceutical industry. Their extensive spectrum of pharmacological activity for treating numerous inflammatory illnesses, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and gastrointestinal problems reflects their biological and therapeutic value. This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms related to the biological implications of mulberry extracts, fractions, and isolated bioactive compounds from different parts in various health-related ailments. Additionally, the food industry and animal nutrition applications are summarized. Phytochemicals such as steroids, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds including terpenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins are found in this medicinal plant. The aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts, as well as bioactive compounds, have anti-oxidative, hypoglycemic, nephroprotective, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, anti-mutagenic, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, immune-modulatory, cardioprotective, and skin protecting activities. Mulberry supplementation in food products improves the stability of phenolics, sensory properties, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial properties. Mulberry leaves in animal feed increase the nutrient digestibility, growth parameters, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This review summarized the in vivo and in vitro biological activities of the mulberry and isolated constituents in various health conditions. In addition, the food uses such as antioxidant potential, antimicrobial, and physicochemical properties were discussed. Furthermore, in vivo studies revealed mulberry as a significant protein source and its flavonoids as potential animal foliage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maqsood
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Raakia Anam Saeed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Lee D, Lee SR, Kang KS, Kim KH. Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mulberry: Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8120. [PMID: 34360887 PMCID: PMC8348635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruits of the mulberry tree (Morus alba L.), known as white mulberry, have been consumed in various forms, including tea, beverages, and desserts, worldwide. As part of an ongoing study to discover bioactive compounds from M. alba fruits, the anti-inflammatory effect of compounds from M. alba were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of the M. alba fruits led to the isolation of 22 compounds. Among the isolated compounds, to the best of our knowledge, compounds 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 12, and 14-22 were identified from M. alba fruits for the first time in this study. Inhibitory effects of 22 compounds on the production of the nitric oxide (NO) known as a proinflammatory mediator in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were evaluated using NO assays. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5). We evaluated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) following LPS stimulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages occurred because of phosphorylation of IκB kinase alpha (IKKα), IκB kinase beta (IKKβ), inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκBα), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activations of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) significantly suppressed phosphorylations of IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB and activations of iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicate that cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) can be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
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Li Y, Ma J, Song Z, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Xu J, Guo Y. The Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of a Natural Diterpenoid From Casearia graveolens. Front Oncol 2021; 11:688195. [PMID: 34249737 PMCID: PMC8267910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Casearlucin A, a diterpenoid obtained from Casearia graveolens, has been reported to possess strong cytotoxic activity. However, the in vivo anti-tumor effects and the action mechanism of casearlucin A remain poorly understood. Our study revealed that casearlucin A arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 stage and induced cell apoptosis in cell level. Additionally, casearlucin A inhibited HepG2 cell migration via regulating a few of metastasis-related proteins. Furthermore, it inhibited tumor angiogenesis in zebrafish in vivo. More importantly, casearlucin A significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration in an in vivo zebrafish xenograft model. Collectively, these results are valuable for the further development and application of casearlucin A as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziteng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Shu YH, Yuan HH, Xu MT, Hong YT, Gao CC, Wu ZP, Han HT, Sun X, Gao RL, Yang SF, Li SX, Tian JK, Zhang JB. A novel Diels-Alder adduct of mulberry leaves exerts anticancer effect through autophagy-mediated cell death. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:780-790. [PMID: 32814819 PMCID: PMC8115316 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Guangsangon E (GSE) is a novel Diels-Alder adduct isolated from leaves of Morus alba L, a traditional Chinese medicine widely applied in respiratory diseases. It is reported that GSE has cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. In our research, we investigated its anticancer effect on respiratory cancer and revealed that GSE induces autophagy and apoptosis in lung and nasopharyngeal cancer cells. We first observed that GSE inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in A549 and CNE1 cells. Meanwhile, the upregulation of autophagosome marker LC3 and increased formation of GFP-LC3 puncta demonstrates the induction of autophagy in GSE-treated cells. Moreover, GSE increases the autophagy flux by enhancing lysosomal activity and the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Next, we investigated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in autophagy induction by GSE. GSE activates the ER stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which can be blocked by ROS scavenger NAC. Finally, inhibition of autophagy attenuates GSE-caused cell death, termed as "autophagy-mediated cell death." Taken together, we revealed the molecular mechanism of GSE against respiratory cancer, which demonstrates great potential of GSE in the treatment of representative cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Shu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hua-Hua Yuan
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng-Ting Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ye-Ting Hong
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Gao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Pan Wu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao-Te Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Rui-Lan Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Si-Fu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shou-Xin Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing-Kui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Bin Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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Antidiabetic Flavonoids from Fruits of Morus alba Promoting Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Uptake via Akt and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040526. [PMID: 33918969 PMCID: PMC8069446 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Morus alba (Moraceae), known as white mulberry, has been used to treat fever, protect against liver damage, improve eyesight, and lower blood sugar levels in traditional oriental medicine. Few studies have been conducted on the antidiabetic compounds identified from M. alba and their underlying mechanisms of action. Consequently, in this study, the fruits of M. alba were investigated for potential antidiabetic natural products using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of M. alba fruits, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), purification led to the isolation of two main compounds: rutin and quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucoside (Q3G). Long-term use of available drugs for treating type 2 diabetes ((T2D) is often accompanied by undesirable side effects, which have generated increased interest in the development of more effective and safer antidiabetic agents. Examination of the isolated compounds, rutin and Q3G, for antidiabetic or anti-obesity properties or both in 3T3-L1 adipocytes demonstrated that they both improved glucose uptake via Akt-mediated insulin signaling pathway or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The compounds also showed a positive effect on lipid accumulation in adipocytes, suggesting that glucose uptake occurred through activation of the Akt and AMPK signaling pathway without inducing adipogenesis. Taken together, our findings suggest that rutin and Q3G in M. alba fruits have the potential to induce fewer side effects such as weight gain, and these active compounds could be potential therapeutic candidates for the management of T2D.
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Chen C, Mohamad Razali UH, Saikim FH, Mahyudin A, Mohd Noor NQI. Morus alba L. Plant: Bioactive Compounds and Potential as a Functional Food Ingredient. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030689. [PMID: 33807100 PMCID: PMC8004891 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Morus alba L. (M. alba) is a highly adaptable plant that is extensively incorporated in many traditional and Ayurveda medications. Various parts of the plant, such as leaves, fruits, and seeds, possess nutritional and medicinal value. M. alba has abundant phytochemicals, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and volatile aromatic compounds, indicating its excellent pharmacological abilities. M. alba also contains high nutraceutical values for protein, carbohydrates, fiber, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals, as well as a low lipid value. However, despite its excellent biological properties and nutritional value, M. alba has not been fully considered as a potential functional food ingredient. Therefore, this review reports on the nutrients and bioactive compounds available in M. alba leaves, fruit, and seeds; its nutraceutical properties, functional properties as an ingredient in foodstuffs, and a microencapsulation technique to enhance polyphenol stability. Finally, as scaling up to a bigger production plant is needed to accommodate industrial demand, the study and limitation on an M. alba upscaling process is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Centhyea Chen
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (C.C.); (U.H.M.R.)
| | - Umi Hartina Mohamad Razali
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (C.C.); (U.H.M.R.)
| | - Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim
- Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (F.H.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Azniza Mahyudin
- Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (F.H.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Nor Qhairul Izzreen Mohd Noor
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (C.C.); (U.H.M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-19-7920816
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11
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Tan X, Chen H, Zhou X. Study on the activity of Mori Fructus polysaccharides and its derivatives against acute alcoholic liver injury in mice. J Carbohydr Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2021.1895194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tan
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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12
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Yu JS, Lim SH, Lee SR, Choi CI, Kim KH. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of White Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) Fruits on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040920. [PMID: 33572374 PMCID: PMC7916181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of white mulberry (Morus alba) fruits on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were investigated. The ethanol (EtOH) extract of white mulberry fruits and its derived fractions contained adequate total phenolic and flavonoid contents, with good in vitro antioxidant radical scavenging activity. The extract and fractions also markedly inhibited ROS generation and antioxidant activity. After treatment with the EtOH extract and its fractions, LPS stimulation-induced elevated nitric oxide (NO) production was restored, which was primarily mediated by downregulation of inducible NO synthase expression. A total of 20 chemical constituents including flavonoids, steroids, and phenolics were identified in the fractions using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). These findings provide experimental evidence of the protective effects of white mulberry fruit extract against oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, suggesting their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potential as natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.Y.); (S.R.L.)
| | - Sung Ho Lim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.Y.); (S.R.L.)
| | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (K.H.K.); Tel.: +82-31-961-5230 (C.-I.C.); +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.Y.); (S.R.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (K.H.K.); Tel.: +82-31-961-5230 (C.-I.C.); +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.)
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Diketoacetonylphenalenone, Derived from Hawaiian Volcanic Soil-Associated Fungus Penicillium herquei FT729, Regulates T Cell Activation via Nuclear Factor-κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225374. [PMID: 33212980 PMCID: PMC7698495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In immunological responses, controlling excessive T cell activity is critical for immunological homeostasis maintenance. Diketoacetonylphenalenone, derived from Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungus Penicillium herquei FT729, possesses moderate anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells but its immunosuppressive effect on T cell activation is unknown. In the present study, diketoacetonylphenalenone (up to 40 μM) did not show cytotoxicity in T cells. Western blot analysis showed treatment with diketoacetonylphenalenone did not alter the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Pretreatment with diketoacetonylphenalenone suppressed the interleukin-2 production in activated T cells induced by T cell receptor-mediated stimulation and PMA/A23187. The CFSE-proliferation assay revealed the inhibitory effect of diketoacetonylphenalenone on the proliferation of T cells. The expression of surface molecules on activated T cells was also reduced. We discovered the suppression of the TAK1-IKKα-NF-κB pathway by pretreatment with diketoacetonylphenalenone abrogated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in activated T cells. These results suggest that diketoacetonylphenalenone effectively downregulates T cell activity via the MAPK pathway and provides insight into the therapeutic potential of immunosuppressive reagents.
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Herqueilenone A, a unique rearranged benzoquinone-chromanone from the Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungal strain Penicillium herquei FT729. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104397. [PMID: 33130348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The study of a Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungal strain Penicillium herquei FT729 led to the isolation of one unprecedented benzoquinone-chromanone, herqueilenone A (1) and two phenalenone derivatives (2 and 3). Their structures were determined through extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data and gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR chemical shifts and ECD calculations. Herqueilenone A (1) contains a chroman-4-one core flanked by a tetrahydrofuran and a benzoquinone with an acetophenone moiety. Plausible pathways for the biosynthesis of 1-3 are proposed. Compounds 2 and 3 inhibited IDO1 activity with IC50 values of 14.38 and 13.69 μM, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 also demonstrated a protective effect against acetaldehyde-induced damage in PC-12 cells.
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15
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Xu D, Xu Z. Indole Alkaloids with Potential Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1938-1949. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200622150325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids, which are abundant in nature, are a significant source of pharmacologically
active compounds. Indole alkaloids have the potential to exert anticancer activity via various antiproliferative
mechanisms, and some of them, such as Vinblastine and Vincristinem, have already used in clinics
or under clinical evaluations for the treatment of cancers. Therefore, indole alkaloids occupy an important
position in the discovery of novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the recent development
of indole alkaloids as potential anticancer agents, their structure-activity relationship, and
mechanisms of action covering the articles published from 2015 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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16
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Yu JS, Park M, Pang C, Rashan L, Jung WH, Kim KH. Antifungal Phenols from Woodfordia uniflora Collected in Oman. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2261-2268. [PMID: 32639158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Woodfordia uniflora is a flowering shrub unique to the Dhofar region of Oman and is used locally as a sedative and remedy for skin infection. However, no study to date has examined the pharmacological properties of this plant, and studies regarding phytochemicals present in W. uniflora are limited. Herein, phytochemical screening of the extract of W. uniflora was performed using LC/MS. Three new phenolic compounds, (±)-woodfordiamycin (1), woodfordic acid (2), and rhamnetin 3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), together with 16 known compounds 4-19, were isolated from the antifungal fraction of the extract. The structures of the new compounds were established by NMR and HR-MS data, and their absolute configurations were established using chemical transformations, including Mosher's method, comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data, and gauge-including atomic orbital NMR chemical shift calculations, followed by DP4+ analysis. The isolated compounds (1-19) were tested for antifungal activity against human fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Compounds (±)-1 and 8 showed antifungal activity against C. neoformans, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.8-1.9 μM, which was ∼10-fold lower than that of the currently available antifungal drug fluconazole, while (±)-1, 8, and 19 showed antifungal activity against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Luay Rashan
- Research Center, Biodiversity Unit, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Won Hee Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Discovery of Dihydrophaseic Acid Glucosides from the Florets of Carthamus tinctorius. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070858. [PMID: 32646052 PMCID: PMC7412175 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. (Compositae; safflower or Hong Hua) has been used in Korean traditional medicine for maintaining the homeostasis of body circulation. Phytochemical investigation was performed on the florets of C. tinctorius by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), which afforded two dihydrophaseic acid glucosides (1 and 2). Isolated compounds were structurally confirmed using a combination of spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. Their absolute configurations were established by quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations and enzymatic hydrolysis. The anti-adipogenesis activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Treatment with the dihydrophaseic acid glucoside (1) during adipocyte differentiation prevented the accumulation of lipid droplets and reduced the expression of adipogenic genes, Fabp4 and Adipsin. However, compound 2 did not affect adipogenesis. Our study yielded a dihydrophaseic acid glucoside derived from C. tinctorius, which has potential advantages for treating obesity.
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Prakash S, Elavarasan N, Subashini K, Kanaga S, Dhandapani R, Sivanandam M, Kumaradhas P, Thirunavukkarasu C, Sujatha V. Isolation of hesperetin - A flavonoid from Cordia sebestena flower extract through antioxidant assay guided method and its antibacterial, anticancer effect on cervical cancer via in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Jo MS, Lee S, Yu JS, Baek SC, Cho YC, Kim KH. Megastigmane Derivatives from the Cladodes of Opuntia humifusa and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities in Macrophages. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:684-692. [PMID: 32118424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia humifusa, known as the eastern prickly pear cactus and locally called "Cheonnyuncho" in Korea, is cultivated widely on Jeju Island, Korea. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract of the cladodes of O. humifusa, for which previous research is relatively limited, was performed under the guidance of LC/MS-based analysis. As a result, one new megastigmane (1) and four new megastigmane glucosides (2-5) were isolated along with 18 known compounds (6-23). The structures of the new compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS, and their absolute configurations were established by chemical reactions, quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations, and DP4+ analysis using the gauge-including atomic orbital NMR chemical shift calculations as well as the application of Snatzke's method. The isolated compounds (1-23) were tested for NO production inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells to investigate their anti-inflammatory effects. Compounds 10 and 11 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The potential mechanistic pathway of 10 and 11 was also investigated using Western blotting, indicating that compounds 10 and 11 inhibit NO through iNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Seok Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Cheol Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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20
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Liang Y, Zhang Q, Yang X, Li Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Du Q, Jin DQ, Cui J, Lall N, Tuerhong M, Lee D, Abudukeremu M, Xu J, Shuai L, Guo Y. Diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii showing cytotoxic activities. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103741. [PMID: 32213364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation to obtain bioactive substances as lead compounds or agents for cancer led to the obtainment of six new and two known clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii. Their structures were elucidated using NMR techniques and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The subsequent biological cytotoxicity evaluation of these isolates toward human lung cancer A549, human cervical cancer HeLa, human chronic myeloid leukemia K562, and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 was carried out. The most active compound 4 with an IC50 value of 9.7 μM against HepG2 cells was selected to examine the cytotoxic mechanism, which induced the apoptosis and arrested the HepG2 cell cycle at S stage. The in vivo zebrafish experiments revealed that compound 4 had the property of inhibiting tumor proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Du
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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Inhibitory Effect of 1,5-Dimethyl Citrate from Sea Buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides) on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW 264.7 Mouse Macrophages. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030269. [PMID: 32131429 PMCID: PMC7143571 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Elaeagnaceae; commonly known as “sea buckthorn” and “vitamin tree”), is a spiny deciduous shrub whose fruit is used in foods and traditional medicines. The H. rhamnoides fruit (berry) is rich in vitamin C, with a level exceeding that found in lemons and oranges. H. rhamnoides berries are usually washed and pressed to create pomace and juice. Today, the powder of the aqueous extract of H. rhamnoides berries are sold as a functional food in many countries. As part of our ongoing effort to identify bioactive constituents from natural resources, we aimed to isolate and identify those from the fruits of H. rhamnoides. Phytochemical analysis of the extract of H. rhamnoides fruits led to the isolation and identification of six compounds, namely, a citric acid derivative (1), a phenolic (2), flavonoids (3 and 4), and megastigmane compounds (5 and 6). Treatment with compounds 1–6 did not have any impact on the cell viability of RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. However, pretreatment with these compounds suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the isolated compounds, compound 1 was identified as the most active, with an IC50 of 39.76 ± 0.16 μM. This value was comparable to that of the NG-methyl-L-arginine acetate salt, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with an IC50 of 28.48 ± 0.05 μM. Western blot analysis demonstrated that compound 1 inhibited the LPS-induced expression of IKKα/β (IκB kinase alpha/beta), I-κBα (inhibitor of kappa B alpha), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, LPS-stimulated cytokine production was detected using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compound 1 decreased interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In summary, the mechanism of action of 1 included the suppression of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting IKKα/β, I-κBα, NF-κB p65, iNOS, and COX-2, and the activities of IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera). PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8120527. [PMID: 31757014 PMCID: PMC6963882 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae), known as Indian ginseng or ashwagandha, has been used in Indian Ayurveda for the treatment of a variety of disorders, such as diabetes and reproductive and nervous system disorders. It is particularly used as a general health tonic, analgesic, and sedative. As part of continuing projects to discover unique bioactive natural products from medicinal plants, phytochemical investigation of the roots of W. somnifera combined with a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis has led to the isolation of two novel phenylpropanoid esters, Withaninsams A (1) and B (2), as an inseparable mixture, along with three known phenolic compounds (3, 4, and 6) and a pyrazole alkaloid (5). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESIMS). Withaninsams A (1) and B (2) are phenylpropanoid esters that contain a side chain, 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report on phenylpropanoid esters with 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds (1–6) was evaluated by determining their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, where compound 3 inhibited LPS-induced NO production (IC50 = 33.3 μM) and TNF-α production, a pro-inflammatory cytokine (IC50 = 40.9 μM). The anti-inflammatory mechanism through the inhibition of transcriptional iNOS protein expression was confirmed by western blotting experiments for the active compound 3, which showed decreased iNOS protein expression.
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Jo MS, Yu JS, Lee JC, Lee S, Cho YC, Park HJ, Kim KH. Lobatamunsolides A-C, Norlignans from the Roots of Pueraria lobata and their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities in Macrophages. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120755. [PMID: 31757072 PMCID: PMC6995531 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the methanol (MeOH) extract of Pueraria lobata roots, known as “kudzu”, combined with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis, resulted in the identification of four norlignans (1–4), including three new norlignans, lobatamunsolides A–C (1–3), and five known isoflavonoids (5–9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution (HR)-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS), and their absolute configurations were determined by chemical reaction and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The isolated compounds (1–9) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compound 9 displayed the strongest NO inhibitory effect and compound 2 showed a weak effect. The potential mechanism of the effect of compound 9 was investigated by analysis of its molecular docking on the active site of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which showed the potential interactions of compound 9 with key amino acid residues and the heme cofactor of iNOS. The mechanism as the inhibition of transcriptional iNOS protein expression was confirmed by western blotting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Seok Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Joo Chan Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-290-7700
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Cytotoxic diterpenoids as potential anticancer agents from the twigs of Casearia kurzii. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:102995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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So HM, Yu JS, Khan Z, Subedi L, Ko YJ, Lee IK, Park WS, Chung SJ, Ahn MJ, Kim SY, Kim KH. Chemical constituents of the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica and their potential biological activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103145. [PMID: 31357073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae), commonly known as yugeunpi, has been used as a traditional Korean medicine for the treatment of gastroenteric and inflammatory disorders. As part of continuing projects to discover bioactive natural products from traditional medicinal plants with pharmacological potential, phytochemical investigation of the root bark of this plant was carried out. This led to the successful isolation of a new chromane derivative (1) and 22 known compounds: catechin derivatives (2-5), megastigmane glycoside (6), dihydrochalcone glycosides (7 and 8), flavanone glycosides (9 and 10), coumarins (11 and 12), lignan derivatives (13-17), and phenolic compounds (18-23). The structure of the new compound (1) was determined with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESIMS, and its absolute configurations were achieved by chemical reactions and the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR chemical shifts calculations. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their potential biological activities including neuro-protective, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities. Among the isolates, compounds 1, 8, and 20 displayed stronger potency by causing a greater increase in the production and the activity of nerve growth factor (NGF) in C6 glioma cells (147.04 ± 4.87, 206.27 ± 6.70, and 143.70 ± 0.88%, respectively), whereas compounds 11, 14, and 19 inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine microglial cells (IC50 of 18.72, 12.31, and, 21.40 µM, respectively). In addition, compounds 1, 11, 18, and 20 showed anti-H. pylori activity with MIC values of 25 or 50 µM against two strains of H. pylori 51 and 43504. These findings provide scientific evidence that supports the traditional usage of U. davidiana var. japonica root bark in the treatment of gastroenteric and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Min So
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zarha Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- Laboratory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Kyun Lee
- Research Center, Natural Medicine Research Team, Richwood Trading Company, LTD, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang J Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Shuo Y, Zhang C, Yang X, Liu F, Zhang Q, Li A, Ma J, Lee D, Ohizumi Y, Guo Y. Clerodane diterpenoids from Casearia kurzii and their cytotoxic activities. J Nat Med 2019; 73:826-833. [PMID: 31183662 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A search for bioactive natural products as anticancer lead compounds resulted in the isolation of one previously undescribed and three known clerodane diterpenoids (1-4) from Casearia kurzii. The structures of these compounds were established by analysis of their NMR, MS, and electronic circular dichroism data. The cytotoxic activities of four compounds against three human cancer cell lines were evaluated. Compound 2 was found to be the most active with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM against HeLa cells, and was selected to investigate the possible cytotoxic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shuo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Annan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, 989-3201, Japan
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
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Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:558-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhou B, Yu Y, Yu L, Que B, Qiu R. Sipi soup inhibits cancer‑associated fibroblast activation and the inflammatory process by downregulating long non‑coding RNA HIPK1‑AS. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1361-1368. [PMID: 29901171 PMCID: PMC6072218 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sipi soup (SPS), the aqueous extract derived from the root bark of Sophora japonical L, Salix babylonica L., Morus alba L., as well as Amygdalus davidiana (Carr.) C. de Vos, is a traditional Chinese medicine frequently used to prevent and treat infection and inflammation. However, the role of SPS in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) require further investigation. In the present study, the effects of SPS on fibroblast inactivation and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), interleukin (IL)-6, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the number of activated fibroblasts. The present study reported that SPS treatment did not affect the proliferative apoptotic potential of fibroblasts. Treatment with HeLa cell culture medium (CM) induced a significant increase in the expression levels of FAP, IL-6 and α-SMA, but reduced the expression of PDCD4. SPS reversed the effects of HeLa CM on the expression of these genes. Analysis with a long non-coding (lnc)RNA array of numerous differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed that the expression levels of the lncRNA homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1 antisense RNA (HIPK1-AS) were increased in cervicitis tissues and cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with in normal cervical tissues. HIPK1-AS expression levels were upregulated in response to HeLa CM, but were decreased under SPS treatment. The downregulation of HIPK1-AS expression via short hairpin RNA abolished the effects of HeLa CM on the expression of inflammation-associated genes. The findings of the present study suggested that SPS may prevent the progression of cervical cancer by inhibiting the activation of CAF and the inflammatory process by reducing HIPK1-AS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Weihai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Binfu Que
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Longyan First Hospital, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Longyan First Hospital, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
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Characteristic Components, Biological Activities and Future Prospective of Fructus Mori: a Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-018-0135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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