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Abdelhamed AM, Hassan RA, Kadry HH, Helwa AA. Novel pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine derivatives: design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, VEGFR-2 inhibition, and antiangiogenic activity. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2640-2657. [PMID: 38107182 PMCID: PMC10718518 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 12 pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were created and evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against the NCI 60 human tumor cell line panel. Compounds 12a-d displayed significant antitumor activity against MDA-MB-468 and T-47D (breast cancer cell lines), especially compound 12b, which exhibited the highest anticancer activity against MDA-MB-468 and T-47D cell lines with IC50 values of 3.343 ± 0.13 and 4.792 ± 0.21 μM, respectively compared to staurosporine with IC50 values of 6.358 ± 0.24 and 4.849 ± 0.22 μM. The most potent cytotoxic derivatives 12a-d were studied for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity to explore the mechanism of action of these substances. Compound 12b had potent activity against VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 0.063 ± 0.003 μM, compared to sunitinib with IC50 = 0.035 ± 0.012 μM. Moreover, there was an excellent reduction in HUVEC migratory potential that resulted in a significant disruption of wound healing patterns by 23% after 72 h of treatment with compound 12b. Cell cycle and apoptosis investigations showed that compound 12b could stop the cell cycle at the S phase and significantly increase total apoptosis in the MDA-MB-468 cell line by 18.98-fold compared to the control. Moreover, compound 12b increased the caspase-3 level in the MDA-MB-468 cell line by 7.32-fold as compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdelhamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST) 6th of October City Egypt
| | - Rasha A Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Hanan H Kadry
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Amira A Helwa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST) 6th of October City Egypt
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2
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Trentini A, Hanau S, Manfrinato MC, Cacciari B. Chemical and biological versatility of pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidines: one scaffold, multiple modes of action. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2143-2148. [PMID: 37933597 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plain language summary Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are chemical compounds possessing remarkable versatility and significance in both biological and chemical contexts. These compounds are composed of specific arrangements of atoms, forming a unique ring structure, which is able to form bonds in a similar way as purines do. In the realm of chemistry, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines showcase impressive flexibility due to their ability to easily react with various molecules, opening avenues for the creation of novel compounds with diverse properties for potential applications in medicinal chemistry. In a biological context, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines play a crucial role due to their interaction with proteins such as enzymes. In fact, these compounds can impact various biological processes, including cancer cell proliferation, oxidative stress and inflammation. This has led to investigations into their potential as therapeutic agents: by designing pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines with specific biological targets in mind, new drugs can be developed for the effective treatment of a range of medical conditions. Finally, novel administration tools (e.g., nanomaterials and functionalized liposomes) are being studied as effective ways to overcome the main unwanted characteristics of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines (scarce solubility and off-target side effects), thereby increasing their efficacy and specificity toward cell targets. In conclusion, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are fascinating molecules with a dual role in chemistry and biology. Their adaptability in chemical reactions makes them valuable building blocks for designing new compounds with diverse applications. Additionally, their interaction with biological molecules holds promise for the development of innovative medicines. Ongoing research into the properties and behaviors of these compounds could lead to significant advancements in both scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Environmental & Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Stefania Hanau
- Department of Neuroscience & Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manfrinato
- Department of Neuroscience & Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Barbara Cacciari
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical & Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
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3
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Zeiz A, Kawtharani R, Elmasri M, Khawaja G, Hamade E, Habib A, Ayoub AJ, Abarbri M, El-Dakdouki MH. Molecular properties prediction, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of some pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one derivatives. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:27688. [PMID: 38505674 PMCID: PMC10945296 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.27688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of a novel series of eleven pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one analogues substituted at position 7 were assessed in the current study. Methods The physicochemical characteristics were studied using MolSoft software. The antiproliferative activity was investigated by MTT cell viability assay, and cell cycle analysis elucidated the antiproliferative mechanism of action. Western blot analysis examined the expression levels of key pro-apoptotic (Bax, p53) and pro-survival (Bcl-2) proteins. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring the production levels of nitric oxide in RAW264.7 cells, and the expression levels of COX-2 enzyme in LPS-activated THP-1 cells. In addition, the gene expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3) was assessed by RT-qPCR. Results Compound 1 bearing a chlorine substituent displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells where IC50 values of 49.35 ± 2.685 and 69.32 ± 3.186 µM, respectively, were achieved. Compound 1 increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and Bax while reducing the expression of pro-survival protein Bcl-2. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 1 arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Anti-inflammatory assessments revealed that compound 1 displayed the strongest inhibitory activity on NO production with IC50 of 29.94 ± 2.24 µM, and down-regulated the expression of COX-2. Compound 1 also induced a statistically significant decrease in the gene expression of various cytokines and chemokines. Conclusion These findings showed that the pyrimidine derivative 1 displayed potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in vitro, and can be selected as a lead compound for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zeiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Ranin Kawtharani
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Lebanese University, Faculty of Science-I, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat Elmasri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghada Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Eva Hamade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Abeer J. Ayoub
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Abarbri
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E)., EA 6299. Avenue Monge Faculté des Sciences, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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4
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Verma M, Trivedi L, Vasudev PG. Interaction Patterns of Pyrazolopyrimidines with Receptor Proteins. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:2331-2344. [PMID: 37023262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds have a prominent role in medicinal chemistry and drug design. They are not only useful as medicinally active compounds but also as a modular structural scaffold for drug design. Therefore, heterocycles are present in many ligands that exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. Pyazolopyrimidines are nitrogen heterocycles and are part of many biologically active compounds and marketed drugs. This study examines the non-covalent interactions between the pyrazolopyrimidine rings and receptor proteins through data mining and analysis of high-resolution crystal structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank. The Protein Data Bank contains 471 crystal structures with pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as ligands, among which 50% contains 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines (Pyp1), while 38% contains pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidines (Pyp2). 1H-Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidines (Pyp3) are found in 11% of the structures, and no structural data is available for pyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine isomers (Pyp4). Among receptor proteins, transferases are found in most examples (67.5%), followed by hydrolases (13.4%) and oxidoreductases (8.9%). Detailed analysis of structures to identify the most prevalent interactions of pyrazolopyrimidines with proteins shows that aromatic π···π interactions are present in ∼91% of the structures and hydrogen bonds/other polar contacts are present in ∼73% of the structures. The centroid-centroid distances (dcent) between the pyrazolopyrimidine rings and aromatic side chains of the proteins have been retrieved from crystal structures recorded at a high resolution (data resolution <2.0 Å). The average value of dcent in pyrazolopyrimidine-protein complexes is 5.32 Å. The information on the geometric parameters of aromatic interactions between the core pyrazolopyrimidine ring and the protein would be helpful in future in silico modeling studies on pyrazolopyrimidine-receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Verma
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 220025, India
| | - Laxmikant Trivedi
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Prema G Vasudev
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 220025, India
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5
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Halim PA, Sharkawi SMZ, Labib MB. Novel pyrazole-based COX-2 inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: Design, synthesis, cytotoxic effect against resistant cancer cells, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction and dual EGFR/Topo-1 inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106273. [PMID: 36444790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel differently substituted pyrazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity. All compounds selectively inhibited COX-2 enzyme (IC50 = 0.043-0.56 μM). Compounds 11, 12 and 15 showed superior potency (IC50 = 0.043-0.049 μM) and screened for their antiproliferative effect against MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cell lines using doxorubicin and 5-FU as reference drugs. Compounds 11, 12 and 15 showed good potency against MCF-7 (IC50 = 2.85-23.99 μM) and HT-29 (IC50 = 2.12-69.37 μM) cell lines. Also, compounds 11, 12 and 15 displayed (IC50 = 56.61-115.75 μM) against non-cancerous WI-38 cells compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 13.32 μM). Compound 11 showed superior cytotoxicity against both MCF-7 (IC50 = 2.85) and HT-29 (IC50 = 2.12 μM) and was more potent than 5-FU (HT-29: IC50 = 8.77 μM). Besides, it displayed IC50 of 115.75 μM against normal WI-38 cells regarding it as a safe cytotoxic agent. In addition, compound 11 displayed IC50 values of 63.44 μM and 98.60 μM against resistant HT-29 and resistant MCF-7 cancer cell lines sequentially. The most potent compound arrested cell cycle at G1/S phase in HT-29 treated cells displaying accumulation of cells in G0 phase and increase in percentage of cells in both early and late apoptotic stages. Apoptotic induction ability was confirmed via up-regulation of BAX, down-regulation of Bcl-2 and activation of caspase-3/9 protein levels. Compound 11 inhibited both EGFR (IC50 = 0.083 μM) and Topo-1 (IC50 = 0.020 μM) enzymes. Also, compound 11 decreased both total and phosphorylated EGFR concentration in HT-29 cells. Finally, molecular docking study showed good binding interactions between novel compounds and target receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Halim
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Souty M Z Sharkawi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicolgy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Madlen B Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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6
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Nadar S, Khan T. Pyrimidine: An elite heterocyclic leitmotif in drug discovery-synthesis and biological activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:818-842. [PMID: 34914188 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest as they constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse useful biological activities that hold attractive potential for clinical translation as therapeutic agents in alleviation of a myriad of diseases. Heterocycles possessing a pyrimidine scaffold have piqued tremendous interest of organic and medicinal chemists owing to their privileged bioactivities. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities. This heterocycle, being a significant endogenous component of the body, the pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. The landscape of FDA approved drugs, presently marketed incorporating the pyrimidine scaffold continues to evolve in number and diversity. There is a tremendous surge in discovery of new targets across many diseases especially those involving emerging resistance to clinically used battery of drugs. Pyrimidine scaffolds will continue to be explored expanding their chemical space portfolio in an effort to find novel drugs impacting these targets. This review aims to provide an elaborate recapitulation of the recent trends adopted to synthesize propitious pyrimidine incorporated hits and also focuses on the clinical significance reported for functionalized pyrimidine analogues that would quintessentially aid medicinal chemists for new research explorations in this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaya Nadar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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7
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Bekhit AA, Lodebo ET, Hymete A, Ragab HM, Bekhit SA, Amagase K, Batubara A, Abourehab MAS, Bekhit AEDA, Ibrahim TM. New pyrazolylpyrazoline derivatives as dual acting antimalarial-antileishamanial agents: synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling simulations. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2320-2333. [PMID: 36036155 PMCID: PMC9427035 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2117316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Promising inhibitory activities of the parasite multiplication were obtained upon evaluation of in vivo antimalarial activities of new pyrazolylpyrazoline derivatives against Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Further evaluation of 5b and 6a against chloroquine-resistant strain (RKL9) of P. falciparum showed higher potency than chloroquine. In vitro antileishmanial activity testing against Leishmania aethiopica promastigote and amastigote forms indicated that 5b, 6a and 7b possessed promising activity compared to miltefosine and amphotericin B deoxycholate. Moreover, antileishmanial activity reversal of the active compounds via folic and folinic acids showed comparable results to the positive control trimethoprim, indicating an antifolate mechanism via targeting leishmanial DHFR and PTR1. The compounds were non-toxic at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. In addition, docking of the most active compound against putative malarial target Pf-DHFR-TS and leishmanial PTR1 rationalised the observed activities. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed a stable and high potential binding of 7a against leishmanial PTR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eskedar T Lodebo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Department of Chemistry, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ariaya Hymete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hanan M Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salma A Bekhit
- High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kikuko Amagase
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Afnan Batubara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qurra University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Tamer M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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8
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An insight on medicinal attributes of pyrimidine scaffold: An updated review. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Arshad R, Khan MA, Mutahir S, Hussain S, Al-Hazmi GH, Refat MS. DFT, Molecular Docking and ADME Studies of Thiazolidinones as Tyrosinase Inhibitors. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2124286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raqeeba Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Sadaf Mutahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Sufyan Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moamen S. Refat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Dorababu A. Pyrazolopyrimidines as attractive pharmacophores in efficient drug design: A recent update. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200154. [PMID: 35698212 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Among the menacing diseases, cancer needs the most attention as millions of people are affected by it worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors play a pivotal role in causing cancer. Although a wide range of underlying mechanisms of cancer has been discovered, efficient treatments have not been discovered to date. Additionally, diseases caused by microbes such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and so forth, persistently result in several deaths. Also, inflammation is a major factor that leads to several health issues. For decades, drug design has become a major part of drug discovery and development for curing various diseases. Among the large number of pharmacological agents that have been synthesized, only very few have emerged as efficient drug molecules. Most of them are heterocyclic compounds, which are promising candidates for the design of efficient drug molecules. Furthermore, fused heterocycles showed comparatively stronger pharmacological activities than monocyclic heterocycles. The literature reveals that pyrazolopyrimidines have outstanding biological activity. Hence, here, the diverse pharmacological activities shown by pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives reported in the last 5 years are collated and reviewed systematically. This review is classified into various sections focusing on anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitors. Structure-activity relationships are discussed in brief, which will help researchers design potent pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- SRMPP Government First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, Karnataka, India
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11
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Priya D, Gopinath P, Dhivya LS, Vijaybabu A, Haritha M, Palaniappan S, Kathiravan MK. Structural Insights into Pyrazoles as Agents against Anti‐inflammatory and Related Disorders. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deivasigamani Priya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry SRM College of Pharmacy SRMIST Kattankulathur India
| | | | | | - Anandan Vijaybabu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry SRM College of Pharmacy SRMIST Kattankulathur India
| | - Manoharan Haritha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry SRM College of Pharmacy SRMIST Kattankulathur India
| | | | - Muthu K. Kathiravan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry SRM College of Pharmacy SRMIST Kattankulathur India
- Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Research Lab Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry SRM College of Pharmacy SRMIST Kattankulathur India
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12
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Su Z, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Liu W, Zhao T, Wang H, Li J, Xu J. Synthesis and properties of sildenafil isostere. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100145. [PMID: 34131943 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) activity. A total of 28 compounds, containing alkyl and aryl groups at the 1-N and 3-C positions on the pyrazole ring, and also bearing different alkyl substituents on the piperazine ring were synthesized. Four compounds (4d, 5d, 6d, and 5o) were found to have better inhibitory activity against PDE-5 (IC50 < 10 nM). All four of the most active compounds contain a phenyl ring at the N1 position. Compounds containing a 3,5-dimethylpiperazinyl group show better activity than others. These results suggest that compound 5o can be used as a lead structure for developing new inhibitors of PDE-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qieqiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
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13
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Yan R, Huang X, Deng X, Song M. Synthesis and Activity Evaluation of Some Pyrazole–Pyrazoline Derivatives as Dual Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1919156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huang
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xianqing Deng
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
- Research Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Functional Molecules of Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingxia Song
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
- Research Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Functional Molecules of Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Zarenezhad E, Farjam M, Iraji A. Synthesis and biological activity of pyrimidines-containing hybrids: Focusing on pharmacological application. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Rashid HU, Martines MAU, Duarte AP, Jorge J, Rasool S, Muhammad R, Ahmad N, Umar MN. Research developments in the syntheses, anti-inflammatory activities and structure-activity relationships of pyrimidines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6060-6098. [PMID: 35423143 PMCID: PMC8694831 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrimidines are aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-membered ring. Numerous natural and synthetic pyrimidines are known to exist. They display a range of pharmacological effects including antioxidants, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antituberculosis, and anti-inflammatory. This review sums up recent developments in the synthesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of pyrimidine derivatives. Numerous methods for the synthesis of pyrimidines are described. Anti-inflammatory effects of pyrimidines are attributed to their inhibitory response versus the expression and activities of certain vital inflammatory mediators namely prostaglandin E2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor κB, leukotrienes, and some interleukins. Literature studies reveal that a large number of pyrimidines exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects. SARs of numerous pyrimidines have been discussed in detail. Several possible research guidelines and suggestions for the development of new pyrimidines as anti-inflammatory agents are also given. Detailed SAR analysis and prospects together provide clues for the synthesis of novel pyrimidine analogs possessing enhanced anti-inflammatory activities with minimum toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Ur Rashid
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande MS Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | | | | | - Juliana Jorge
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande MS Brazil
| | - Shagufta Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Riaz Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Nasir Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir (L) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
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Abstract
Pyrazolo-oxazine fused systems are interesting classes of heterocyclic compounds
exhibiting pronounced biological applications such as anticancer, antitubercular,
anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activities as well as inhibiting COX-1 and
COX-2 enzymes. Depending on the distribution position of the heteroatoms (N and O), there
are fourteen different systems of pyrazolo-oxazine. Nine of them were biologically abundant
in literature, for example, pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,3]oxazines are used as analogs of antibiotics
Formycin, Formycin B, Oxoformycin B. This review article summarizes the concerted efforts
expended on most of the synthetic routes to the various types of pyrazolo-oxazines in
the literature until the first quarter of 2020. The reactions of pyrazolo-oxazines with various
reagents are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Raslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, Egypt
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17
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Liu Y, Yaozu Z, Zhao H, Peng P, Tingbao Z, Jincao C. Inhibition of Glioma Cell Growth and Apoptosis Induction through Targeting Wnt10B Expression by Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4-one. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923912. [PMID: 33173023 PMCID: PMC7670829 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are commonly diagnosed tumors in the central nervous system that have an elevated mortality rate. The present study evaluated pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4-one (PP-4-one) as an anti-proliferative agent against glioma cells and investigated the associated mechanism. Material/Methods The changes in cell growth were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and apoptosis by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC staining kit. The FACSCalibur flow cytometer was used for analysis of DNA content and western blotting for protein expression. Results The PP-4-one treatment suppressed viability of U251, C6, and U87 cells significantly at a concentration of 0.25 μM. At a concentration of 16 μM, PP-4-one treatment for 72 hours suppressed viability of U251, C6, and U87 cells to 24%, 21%, and 20%, respectively. Treatment with PP-4-one suppressed cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in U251 and C6 cells significantly (P<0.05) depending on the concentration. The apoptotic cells were increased significantly (P<0.05) by PP-4-one treatment in U251 and C6 cell cultures. A considerable enhancement in the proportion of U251 and C6 cells in the G0/G1 phase was recorded on incubation with PP-4-one. Treatment of U251 and C6 cells with PP-4-one markedly enhanced p21 expression relative to the control. The B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) level in PP-4-one treated U251 and C6 cells was markedly lower relative to the control cells. The Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 levels were elevated markedly by PP-4-one treatment in U251 and C6 cells. Conclusions This study demonstrated that PP-4-one has anti-proliferative potential for glioma cells via targeting cAMP and Bcl-2 levels. It also promoted glioma cell apoptosis through caspase activation and arrest of the cell cycle. Thus, PP-4-one may be used to develop drug candidates for the glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhu Yaozu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Huang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhang Tingbao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Chen Jincao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Sharma S, Kumar D, Singh G, Monga V, Kumar B. Recent advancements in the development of heterocyclic anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Jin J, Shen X, Tian L, He G, Zhang Y. Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4-one (PP-4-one) Exhibits Anti-Epileptogenic Effect in Rat Model of Traumatic Epilepsy by Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway Downregulation. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923919. [PMID: 32687486 PMCID: PMC7392056 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a common type of acquired epilepsies secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI), accounting for approximately 10–25% of patients. The present study evaluated activity of PP-4-one against mTOR signaling activation in a rat model of FeCl2-induced post-traumatic epilepsy. Material/Methods Epilepsy in rats was induced by injecting 10 μl FeCl2 (concentration 100 mM) at a uniform rate of 1 μl/minute. The iNOS expression was detected using a Leica microscope connected to a digital camera system. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for determination of NR1 mRNA expression. Results The post-traumatic epilepsy induced neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of the rats. Treatment with PP-4-one prevented neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and frontal cortex in rats with post-traumatic epilepsy. The data revealed markedly higher levels of p-mTOR and p-P70S6K in rat hippocampal tissues after induction of traumatic epilepsy. Treatment of post-traumatic epilepsy rats with PP-4-one significantly suppressed p-mTOR and p-P70S6K expression, and PP-4-one treatment reduced epileptic brain injury in the rats with post-traumatic epilepsy. Conclusions PP-4-one exhibits an anti-epileptogenic effect in the rat model of PTE by inhibiting behavioral seizures through suppression of iNOS and astrocytic proliferation. Moreover, PP-4-one treatment suppressed NR1 expression and targeted the mTOR pathway in PTE-induced rats. Thus, PP-4-one shows promise as a novel and effective therapeutic agent for treatment of epilepsy induced by PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Shen
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guoyishi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
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4-(3-Phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine. MOLBANK 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/m1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new hybrid compound, 4-(3-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine 3, with promising biological activity was efficiently synthesized by the reaction of 3-phenyl-1-(thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine with Vilsmeier–Haack reagent and subsequent treatment with ammonium carbonate. The structure of the synthesized compound was fully characterized by 1H-, 13C-NMR, IR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry and elemental analysis.
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21
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Luo J, Li S, Kang Q, Sun Y, Wang T. Synthesis of some novel 5-substituted benzamido-6-arylamino-pyrazolo[3,4- D]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives for herbicidal activity. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1633529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Luo
- Analytical & Testing Center, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shu Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiongwen Kang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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22
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Kumar S, Gupta S, Abadi LF, Gaikwad S, Desai D, Bhutani KK, Kulkarni S, Singh IP. Synthesis and in–vitro anti–HIV–1 evaluation of novel pyrazolo[4,3–c]pyridin–4–one derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Shen QK, Gong GH, Li G, Jin M, Cao LH, Quan ZS. Discovery and evaluation of novel synthetic 5-alkyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carbox-amide derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 35:85-95. [PMID: 31707866 PMCID: PMC6853232 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1680658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop novel anti-inflammatory agents, a series of 5-alkyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carboxamide derivatives were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory effects using RAW264.7 cells. Structures of the synthesised compounds were determined using 1H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS. All the compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity based on their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO release. Among them, 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carboxamide (6p) showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity and inhibited NO release more potently than the lead compound D1. Further studies revealed that compound 6p reduced the levels of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6, and that its anti-inflammatory activity involves the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS and downregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signal pathway. Notably, compound 6p displayed more prominent anti-inflammatory activity than D1 and the positive control ibuprofen in the in vivo acute inflammatory model. Overall, these findings indicate that compound 6p is a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Guo-Hua Gong
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Gao- Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mei- Jin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Liang Z, Huang Y, Wang S, Deng X. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazole Derivatives, Containing (Thio) Semicarbazide, as Dual Anti-Inflammatory Antimicrobial Agents. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666190325163117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Several series of pyrazole derivatives containing (thio) semicarbazide
(4a-4h, 5a-5l, 6a-6f, 7a-7c) were designed and synthesized to screen dual inflammatory and antimicrobial
activities.
Methods:
The products were characterized by1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. In vitro LPS-induced
TNF-α model and in vivo xylene-induced ear-edema model were used to evaluate their antiinflammatory
activity. Their in vitro antimicrobial activities were evaluated using a serial dilution
method against several gram-positive strains, gram-negative strains and a fungi strain.
Results:
Bioassays indicated that most of the compounds markedly inhibited the expression of TNF-
α at the concentration of 20 µg/mL Compounds 5i, 6b, and 7b had comparable in vivo antiinflammatory
activity to the reference drug dexamethasone at the dose of 50 mg/kg. In addition,
several compounds showed antimicrobial activity against different strains, and compounds 5g and 5h
exhibited potent inhibitory activities with the MIC value of 8 µg/mL against the Streptococcus
pneumoniae CMCC 31968 and Staphylococcus aureus CMCC 25923, respectively. Compound 7b,
which exhibited both anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, should be studied as it is or after
derivatization.
Conclusion:
It can be concluded that pyrazoles, with (thio)-semicarbazone moieties, have the potential
to be developed into new anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochang Liang
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, No 28, Xueyuan Road, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuping Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shiben Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, LiaoCheng, 252059, Shandong, China
| | - Xianqing Deng
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, No 28, Xueyuan Road, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
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Synthesis, modeling and biological evaluation of some pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinones and pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidinones as anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:102844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Okesli-Armlovich A, Gupta A, Jimenez M, Auld D, Liu Q, Bassik MC, Khosla C. Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of human uridine-cytidine kinase 2 by high-throughput screening. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2559-2564. [PMID: 31420268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinically relevant inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a rate-limiting enzyme in mammalian de novo pyrimidine synthesis, have strong antiviral and anticancer activity in vitro. However, they are ineffective in vivo due to efficient uridine salvage by infected or rapidly dividing cells. The pyrimidine salvage enzyme uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2), a ∼29 kDa protein that forms a tetramer in its active state, is necessary for uridine salvage. Notwithstanding the pharmacological potential of this target, no medicinally tractable inhibitors of the human enzyme have been reported to date. We therefore established and miniaturized an in vitro assay for UCK2 activity and undertook a high-throughput screen against a ∼40,000-compound library to generate drug-like leads. The structures, activities, and modes of inhibition of the most promising hits are described. Notably, our screen yielded non-competitive UCK2 inhibitors which were able to suppress nucleoside salvage in cells both in the presence and absence of DHODH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Okesli-Armlovich
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amita Gupta
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marta Jimenez
- Facilitated Access to Screening Technologies (FAST) Laboratory, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Douglas Auld
- Facilitated Access to Screening Technologies (FAST) Laboratory, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chaitan Khosla
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Sharma V, Bhatia P, Alam O, Javed Naim M, Nawaz F, Ahmad Sheikh A, Jha M. Recent advancement in the discovery and development of COX-2 inhibitors: Insight into biological activities and SAR studies (2008–2019). Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Somakala K, Tariq S, Amir M. Synthesis, evaluation and docking of novel pyrazolo pyrimidines as potent p38α MAP kinase inhibitors with improved anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic and TNF-α inhibitory properties. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:550-559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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El-Shoukrofy MS, Abd El Razik HA, AboulWafa OM, Bayad AE, El-Ashmawy IM. Pyrazoles containing thiophene, thienopyrimidine and thienotriazolopyrimidine as COX-2 selective inhibitors: Design, synthesis, in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, docking and in silico chemo-informatic studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:541-557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Shi JB, Chen LZ, Wang BS, Huang X, Jiao MM, Liu MM, Tang WJ, Liu XH. Novel Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine as Potent and Orally Active Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) Dimerization Inhibitor with Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4013-4031. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Liu Zeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Bao Shi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Ming Ming Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Ming Ming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Wen Jian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
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Muthuraja P, Veeramani V, Prakash S, Himesh M, Venkatasubramanian U, Manisankar P. Structure-activity relationship of pyrazolo pyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of mitotic kinesin Eg5 and anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 84:493-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Tageldin GN, Fahmy SM, Ashour HM, Khalil MA, Nassra RA, Labouta IM. Design, synthesis and evaluation of some pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing thiazolidinone moiety as anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:164-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Liu X, Song X, Liu Y, Xie M, Yu W, Yan S, Lin J, Jin Y. Novel 5H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,5-a]pyrimidin-5-one derivatives as antibacterial and anticancer agents: Synthesis and biological evaluation. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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