1
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Tahghighi A, Azerang P. Click chemistry beyond metal-catalyzed cycloaddition as a remarkable tool for green chemical synthesis of antifungal medications. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14555. [PMID: 38862260 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Click chemistry is widely used for the efficient synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole, a well-known scaffold with widespread biological activity in the pharmaceutical sciences. In recent years, this magic ring has attracted the attention of scientists for its potential in designing and synthesizing new antifungal agents. Despite scientific and medical advances, fungal infections still account for more than 1.5 million deaths globally per year, especially in people with compromised immune function. This increasing trend is definitely related to a raise in the incidence of fungal infections and prevalence of antifungal drug resistance. In this condition, an urgent need for new alternative antifungals is undeniable. By focusing on the main aspects of reaction conditions in click chemistry, this review was conducted to classify antifungal 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole hybrids based on their chemical structures and introduce the most effective triazole antifungal derivatives. It was notable that in all reactions studied, Cu(I) catalysts generated in situ by the reduction in Cu(II) salts or used copper(I) salts directly, as well as mixed solvents of t-BuOH/H2O and DMF/H2O had most application in the synthesis of triazole ring. The most effective antifungal activity was also observed in fluconazole analogs containing 1,2,3-triazole moiety and benzo-fused five/six-membered heterocyclic conjugates with a 1,2,3-triazole ring, even with better activity than fluconazole. The findings of structure-activity relationship and molecular docking of antifungal derivatives synthesized with copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) could offer medicinal chemistry scientists valuable data on designing and synthesizing novel triazole antifungals with more potent biological activities in their future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Tahghighi
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Azerang
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Chudasama DD, Rajput CV, Patel MS, Parekh JN, Patel HC, Chikhaliya NP, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Ram KR. Microwave-induced one-pot synthesis of 3-imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as antiproliferative agents and density functional theory study. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300632. [PMID: 38150663 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we outline a highly efficient PEG-4000-mediated one-pot three-component reaction for the synthesis of 3-imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole derivatives (5a-r) at up to 96% yield as antiproliferative agents. This three-component protocol offers the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, excellent yield, quick response time, and operational simplicity triggered by the copper catalyst under microwave irradiation. All the synthesized compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity against six human solid tumor cell lines, that is, A549 and SW1573 (nonsmall cell lung), HBL100 and T-47D (breast), HeLa (cervix), and WiDr (colon). Among them, six compounds, 5g-j, 5m, and 5p, demonstrated effective antiproliferative action with GI50 values under 10 μM. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for all the synthesized molecules through geometry optimizations, frontier molecular orbital approach, and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP). The theoretical DFT calculation was performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6-31+G (d,p) basis set. Moreover, the biological reactivity of all the representative synthesized molecules was compared with the theoretically calculated quantum chemical descriptors and MESP 3D plots. We also investigated the drug-likeness characteristic and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction. In general, our approach enables environmentally friendly access to 3-imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as prospective antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chetan V Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Manan S Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jaydeepkumar N Parekh
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harsh C Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Navin P Chikhaliya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Kesur R Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
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3
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Huang S, Jin L, Liu Y, Yang G, Wang A, Le Z, Jiang G, Xie Z. Visible light-mediated synthesis of quinazolinones from benzyl bromides and 2-aminobenzamides without using any photocatalyst or additive. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:784-789. [PMID: 38168690 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01491f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports a novel method for the visible-light-mediated synthesis of quinazolinones from the reaction of benzyl bromides with 2-aminobenzamides. The reaction proceeded efficiently at room temperature upon irradiation with an 18 W blue light-emitting diode in air without photocatalysts or additives. By varying the solvent type, substrate molar ratio, and reaction time, the optimal reaction conditions, including the use of methanol solvent, room temperature, and reaction time of 28 h, were identified. Under these conditions, various quinazolinones were obtained using 18 substrates, with the highest yield of 93%. To determine the industrial value of the proposed method, a scale-up reaction was performed and 80% product yield was achieved. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction likely proceeded via a radical pathway and that the hydrogen bromide by-product generated during the first step of the reaction of benzyl bromide with 2-aminobenzamide promoted the subsequent step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Liang Jin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Guoping Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Aixin Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Zhanggao Le
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Guofang Jiang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Zongbo Xie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
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4
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Hamedifar H, Mirfattahi M, Khalili Ghomi M, Azizian H, Iraji A, Noori M, Moazzam A, Dastyafteh N, Nokhbehzaim A, Mehrpour K, Javanshir S, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Larijani B, Hajimiri MH, Mahdavi M. Aryl-quinoline-4-carbonyl hydrazone bearing different 2-methoxyphenoxyacetamides as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors; molecular dynamics, kinetic and structure-activity relationship studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:388. [PMID: 38172167 PMCID: PMC10764907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Regarding the important role of α-glucosidase enzyme in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the current study was established to design and synthesize aryl-quinoline-4-carbonyl hydrazone bearing different 2-methoxyphenoxyacetamide (11a-o) and the structure of all derivatives was confirmed through various techniques including IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis. Next, the α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials of all derivatives were evaluated, and all compounds displayed potent inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 26.0 ± 0.8-459.8 ± 1.5 µM as compared to acarbose used as control, except 11f and 11l. Additionally, in silico-induced fit docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed to further investigate the interaction, orientation, and conformation of the newly synthesized compounds over the active site of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Hamedifar
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
| | - Mahroo Mirfattahi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Khalili Ghomi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7134845794, Iran
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Noori
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Ali Moazzam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Dastyafteh
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Ali Nokhbehzaim
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Katayoun Mehrpour
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7134845794, Iran
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Javanshir
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Hamed Hajimiri
- Nano Alvand Company, Avicenna Tech Park, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1439955991, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Myakala N, Kandula K, Rayala N, Kuna S, Thumma V, Durga Bhavani Anagani K. Design, Synthesis of Novel 1,2,3-Triazole Pendent Quinazolinones and Their Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 Cell Line. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300800. [PMID: 37708234 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
A library of 6-(((1-(substitutedphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl) amino)-3-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one analogues synthesized from Isatin precursor through a series of nitration, reduction, hydrolysis, cyclization and click reaction. The structures of compounds were characterized by spectral data including IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C NMR and Mass. The novel quinazolinone - 1,2,3-triazoles were screened for their cytotoxicity against the human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines MCF-7 by MTT assay. 4-Isopropyl and 2-bromo substituted analogues executed high activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 value of 10.16±0.07 μM and 11.23±0.20 μM compared to the Doxorubicin whose IC50 value is 10.81±0.03 μM. The activity of remaining compounds is good to moderate. Further, the molecular docking studies against the crystal structure of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor delivered the best binding energies and the interactions such as H-bond and hydrophobic are inevitable. The predicted pharmacokinetic properties results showed that these compounds have more drug likeness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Myakala
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Kotaiah Kandula
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Nagamani Rayala
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Sateesh Kuna
- Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Keesara, Ranga Reddy, 501301, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College, Hyderabad, 500059, Telangana, India
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6
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Gujja V, Sadineni K, Epuru MR, Rao Allaka T, Banothu V, Gunda SK, Koppula SK. Synthesis and in Silico Studies of Some New 1,2,3-Triazolyltetrazole Bearing Indazole Derivatives as Potent Antimicrobial Agents. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301232. [PMID: 37988365 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazole and tetrazole derivatives bearing pyrrolidines are found to exhibit notable biological activity and have become useful scaffolds in medicinal chemistry for application in lead discovery and optimization. Novel indazole bearing 1,2,3-triazolyltetrazoles were designed as potential antimicrobial candidates. The structure of duel heterocyclics was validated by a spectroscopic technique of infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H and 13 C NMR), and mass spectral data. Compounds 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4h were found to have a stronger antibacterial effect against Gram-positive (S. aureus, B. subtilis, M. Luteus) and Gram-negative (E. coli, P. aeruginosa) microorganisms with MICs ranging from 5±0.03-18±0.02 μM, respectively. Moreover, scaffolds 4a, 4h showed potent antifungal activity against A. flavus, M. gypsuem strains with MIC values of 10±0.02, 11±0.01 μM, which are similar activity that of the standard Itraconazole (MIC=8±0.02, 10±0.01 μM). The binding mode for compound 4 inside the catalytic pocket of S. aureus complexed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and trimethoprim and produced a network of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions (3FRE). From in silico results, 4b demonstrated highly stable hydrogen binding amino acids Leu62(X) [N18…O, 2.47 Å], Arg44(X) [N17…N, 3.11 Å], Thr96(X) [N10…OG1, 3.05 Å], Gly94(X) [F7…N, 2.82 Å], and Gly43(X) [F7…N, 2.90 Å], which are plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient binding of the ligand in a crystal structure of antibacterial receptor. Furthermore, the physicochemical and ADME filtration molecular properties, estimation of toxicity, and bioactivity scores of these novel scaffolds were evaluated by using SwissADME and ADMETlab2.0 online protocols. Thus, the significant antimicrobial activity of indazole linked to duel heterocyclic compounds can be used for development of new antimicrobial agents with further modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkanna Gujja
- Department of chemistry, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Kumaraswamy Sadineni
- Department of chemistry, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Manohar Reddy Epuru
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences and humanities, VFSTR, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India
- Analytical Research and Development, I, nnovare Labs Private Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500090, India
| | - Tejeswara Rao Allaka
- Centre for Chemical Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085, Telangana, India
| | - Venkanna Banothu
- Centre for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085, Telangana, India
| | - Shravan Kumar Gunda
- Bioinformatics Division, PGRRCDE, Osmania University, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Shiva Kumar Koppula
- Department of chemistry, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
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7
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Kazempour-Dizaji M, Mojtabavi S, Sadri A, Ghanbarpour A, Faramarzi MA, Navidpour L. Arylureidoaurones: Synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase, and α-amylase inhibition activity. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106709. [PMID: 37442042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of the colossal global burden of diabetes, there is an urgent need for more effective and safer drugs. We designed and synthesized a new series of aurone derivatives possessing phenylureido or bis-phenylureido moieties as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors. Most of the synthesized phenylureidoaurones have demonstrated superior inhibition activities (IC50s of 9.6-339.9 μM) against α-glucosidase relative to acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 μM) as the reference drug. Substitution of aurone analogues with two phenylureido substituents at the 5-position of the benzofuranone moiety and the 3' or 4' positions of the 2-phenyl ring resulted in compounds with almost 120-180 times more potent inhibitory activities than acarbose. The aurone analogue possessing two phenylureido substitutions at 5 and 4' positions (13) showed the highest inhibition activity with an IC50 of 4.2 ± 0.1 μM. Kinetic studies suggested their inhibition mode to be competitive. We also investigated the binding mode of the most potent compounds using the consensually docked 4D-QSAR methodology. Furthermore, these analogues showed weak-to-moderate non-competitive inhibitory activity against α-amylase. 5-Methyl substituted aurone with 4'-phenylureido moiety (6e) demonstrated the highest inhibition activity on α-amylase with an IC50 of 142.0 ± 1.6 μM relative to acarbose (IC50 = 108 ± 1.2 μM). Our computational studies suggested that these analogues interact with a hydrophilic allosteric site in α-amylase, located far from the enzyme active site at the N-terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazempour-Dizaji
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - Arash Sadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Lyceum Scientific Charity, Iran
| | - Araz Ghanbarpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - Latifeh Navidpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran.
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8
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Arafa FM, Osman DH, Tolba MM, Rezki N, Aouad MR, Hagar M, Osman M, Said H. Sulfadiazine analogs: anti-Toxoplasma in vitro study of sulfonamide triazoles. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2353-2365. [PMID: 37610452 PMCID: PMC10495491 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is an infection that prevails all over the world and is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Promising novel compounds for the treatment of T. gondii are introduced in the current investigation. In order to test their in vitro potency against T. gondii tachyzoites, six 1,2,3-triazoles-based sulfonamide scaffolds with terminal NH2 or OH group were prepared and investigated as sulfadiazine equivalents. When compared to sulfadiazine, which served as a positive control, hybrid molecules showed much more anti-Toxoplasma activity. The results showed that the IC50 of the examined compounds 3(a-f) were recoded as 0.07492 μM, 0.07455 μM, 0.0392 μM, 0.03124 μM, 0.0533 μM, and 0.01835 μM, respectively, while the sulfadiazine exhibited 0.1852 μM. The studied 1,2,3-triazole-sulfadrug molecular conjugates 3(a-f) revealed selectivity index of 10.4, 8.9, 25.4, 21, 8.3, and 29; respectively. The current study focused on the newly synthesized amino derivatives 3(d-f), as they contain the more potent amino groups which are recognized to be essential elements and promote better biological activity. Extracellular tachyzoites underwent striking morphological alterations after 2 h of treatment as seen by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the intracellular tachyzoite exposed to the newly synthesized amino derivatives 3(d-f) for a 24-h period of treatment revealed damaged and altered morphology by transmission electron microscopic (TEM) indicating cytopathic effects. Moreover, compound 3f underwent the most pronounced changes, indicating that it had the strongest activity against T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa M Arafa
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21577, Egypt.
| | - Doaa Hassan Osman
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Mona Mohamed Tolba
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R Aouad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mervat Osman
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Heba Said
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
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9
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Chudasama DD, Patel MS, Parekh JN, Patel HC, Ram KR. Diversity-oriented synthesis of 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline hybrids as antimicrobial agents. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10721-8. [PMID: 37697023 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward and high yielding synthetic approach is employed to synthesize the novel 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline hybrids 7(a-t) as new antimicrobial agents with two pharmacophore in the effective two step synthesis. The first step is the four component one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolines 5(a-j) catalysed by TBAB, with the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, high yielding, quick reaction time, and operational simplicity. In the subsequent stage, CuSO4/NaAsc system was employed to synthesize the 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[1,5-b]quinazoline hybrids as 1H-1,2,3-triazoles are the structures of great diversity and importance in diverse therapeutics containing numerous biological activities. The antimicrobial activity of all the synthesized hybrid compounds have been preliminary tested using the broth dilution technique against two gram-positive and two gram-negative bacterial strains as well as two fungal strains. In comparison to standard drugs, the majority of compounds exhibited good to moderate activity. Among the all the compounds, 7a (MIC 18.54 μM) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 7j (MIC 89.76 μM) against Bacillus subtilis as well as Rhizopus oryzae and 7t (MIC 84.88 μM) against Aspergillus parasiticus have remarkable antimicrobial potency as compared to standard drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipakkumar D Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Manan S Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Jaydeepkumar N Parekh
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Harsh C Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Kesur R Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India.
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10
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Molnar M, Gazivoda Kraljević T, Pavić V, Rastija V, Komar M. Environmentally Friendly Approach to the Synthesis of 3-[Benzylideneamino]-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one Derivatives and Calculation of Their Toxicity. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300575. [PMID: 37417922 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Application of deep eutectic solvents in synthesis of different heterocyclic compounds was proven very efficient. These solvents are a new generation of green solvents showing excellent potential for different purposes, where they are used as environmentally acceptable substitute for toxic and volatile organic solvents. This research describes their application in the synthesis of series of quinazolinone Schiff bases in combination with microwave, ultrasound-assisted and mechanochemical methods. First, a model reaction was performed in 20 different deep eutectic solvents to find the best solvent and then reaction conditions (solvent, temperature and reaction time) were optimized for each method. Afterwards, 40 different quinazolinone derivatives were synthesized in choline chloride/malonic acid (1 : 1) DES by each method and compared by their yields. Here we show that deep eutectic solvents can be very efficient in the synthesis of quinazolinone derivatives as an excellent substitution for volatile organic solvents. With green chemistry approach in mind, we have also performed a calculation on compounds' toxicity and solubility, showing that most of them possess toxic and mutagenic properties with low water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Molnar
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Gazivoda Kraljević
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentina Pavić
- Department of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vesna Rastija
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Komar
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
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11
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Sundaramoorthy R, Vadivelu M, Thirumoorthy K, Karthikeyan K, Praveen C. Step-Economical Mechanosynthesis of Hybrid Azoles: Deciphering Their π-Orbital and Pharmacological Characteristics. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300008. [PMID: 37055351 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid pharmacophore strategy for unifying 1,2,3-triazole with 1,2,4-triazole cores to prepare mixed triazoles was accomplished by a ball-milling approach. The developed chemistry works under the catalysis of cupric oxide nanoparticles with salient features like one-jar operation, lower number of synthetic steps, catalyst recyclability, time-dependent product control, and good overall yields. π-Orbital properties based on theoretical calculations supported the suitability of these molecules for pharmacological screening. Therefore, the biological potency of the synthesized molecules was evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities. By virtue of their proton-donating tendency, all compounds showed promising radical-scavenging activity with the inhibition level reaching up to 90 %. These molecular hybrids also exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potencies similar to those of standard compounds, owing to their electron-rich nature. Finally, α-amylase inhibitory potential was demonstrated in silico; significant regions necessary for enzyme inhibition were identified by hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sundaramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugan Vadivelu
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulandaivel Thirumoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kesavan Karthikeyan
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekar Praveen
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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Khetmalis YM, Fathima A, Schweipert M, Debarnot C, Bandaru NVMR, Murugesan S, Jamma T, Meyer-Almes FJ, Sekhar KVGC. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Quinazolin-4(3H)-One-Based Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) Inhibitors for Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11044. [PMID: 37446224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one derivatives were designed and synthesized as histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors based on novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one as the cap group and benzhydroxamic acid as the linker and metal-binding group. A total of 19 novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one analogues (5a-5s) were obtained. The structures of the target compounds were characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analyses. Characterized compounds were screened for inhibition against HDAC8 class I, HDAC4 class IIa, and HDAC6 class IIb. Among the compounds tested, 5b proved to be the most potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 with an IC50 value 150 nM. Some of these compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity in several tumor cell lines (HCT116, MCF7, and B16). Amongst all the compounds tested for their anticancer effect against cancer cell lines, 5c emerged to be most active against the MCF-7 line with an IC50 of 13.7 μM; it exhibited cell-cycle arrest in the G2 phase, as well as promoted apoptosis. Additionally, we noted a significant reduction in the colony-forming capability of cancer cells in the presence of 5c. At the intracellular level, selective inhibition of HDAC6 was enumerated by monitoring the acetylation of α-tubulin with a limited effect on acetyl-H3. Importantly, the obtained results suggested a potent effect of 5c at sub-micromolar concentrations as compared to the other molecules as HDAC6 inhibitors in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Mahadu Khetmalis
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Ashna Fathima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Cécile Debarnot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Trinath Jamma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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13
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Majee S, Sarav M, Banik BK, Ray D. Recent Advances in the Green Synthesis of Active N-Heterocycles and Their Biological Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:873. [PMID: 37375820 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-heterocyclic scaffolds represent a privileged architecture in the process of drug design and development. It has widespread occurrence in synthetic and natural products, either those that are established or progressing as potent drug candidates. Additionally, numerous novel N-heterocyclic analogues with remarkable physiological significance and extended pharmaceutical applications are escalating progressively. Hence, the classical synthetic protocols need to be improvised according to modern requirements for efficient and eco-friendly approaches. Numerous methodologies and technologies emerged to address the green and sustainable production of various pharmaceutically and medicinally important N-heterocyclic compounds in last few years. In this context, the current review unveils greener alternatives for direct access to categorically differentiated N-heterocyclic derivatives and its application in the establishment of biologically active potent molecules for drug design. The green and sustainable methods accentuated in this review includes microwave-assisted reactions, solvent-free approaches, heterogeneous catalysis, ultrasound reactions, and biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Majee
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mansi Sarav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Devalina Ray
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Saeedi M, Hariri R, Iraji A, Ahmadi A, Mojtabavi S, Golshani S, Faramarzi MA, Akbarzadeh T. Novel N'-substituted benzylidene benzohydrazides linked to 1,2,3-triazoles: potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8960. [PMID: 37268722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, various N'-substituted benzylidene benzohydrazide-1,2,3-triazoles were designed, synthesized, and screened for their inhibitory activity toward α-glucosidase. The structure of derivatives was confirmed using 1H- and 13C-NMR, FTIR, Mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. All derivatives exhibited good inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 0.01 to 648.90 µM, compared with acarbose as the positive control (IC50 = 752.10 µM). Among them, compounds 7a and 7h showed significant potency with IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.01 µM, respectively. The kinetic study revealed that they are noncompetitive inhibitors toward α-glucosidase. Also, fluorescence quenching was used to investigate the interaction of three inhibitors 7a, 7d, and 7h, with α-glucosidase. Accordingly, the binding constants, the number of binding sites, and values of thermodynamic parameters were determined for the interaction of candidate compounds toward the enzyme. Finally, the in silico cavity detection plus molecular docking was performed to find the allosteric site and key interactions between synthesized compounds and the target enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Shiva Golshani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Shafiq N, Shahzad N, Rida F, Ahmad Z, Nazir HA, Arshad U, Zareen G, Attiq N, Parveen S, Rashid M, Ali B. One-pot multicomponent synthesis of novel pyridine derivatives for antidiabetic and antiproliferative activities. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1069-1089. [PMID: 37503685 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the close relationship of diabetes with hypertension reported in various research, a set of pyridine derivatives with US FDA-approved drug cores were designed and integrated by artificial intelligence. Methods: Novel pyridines were designed and synthesized. Compounds MNS-1-MNS-4 were evaluated for their structure and were screened for their in vitro antidiabetic (α-amylase) activity and anticancer (HepG2) activity by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Comparative 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis and pharmacophore generation were carried out. Results: The study revealed MNS-1 and MNS-4 as good alternatives to acarbose as antidiabetic agents, and MNS-2 as a more viable, better alternative to doxorubicin in the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Conclusion: This combination of studies identifies new and more active analogs of existing FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Shafiq
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of WAH, Wah Cantt, 44700, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Rida
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of WAH, Wah Cantt, 44700, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Ayesha Nazir
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Arshad
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Gul Zareen
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naila Attiq
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Rashid
- Synthetic & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women's University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
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16
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Banu HAN, Kalluraya B, Manju N, Ramu R, Patil SM, Lokanatha Rai KM, Kumar N. Synthesis of Pyrazoline‐Embedded 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions with in vitro and in silico Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Nagma Banu
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - Balakrishna Kalluraya
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - N. Manju
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, SS Nagar Mysuru 570015 Karnataka India
| | - Shashank M. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, SS Nagar Mysuru 570015 Karnataka India
| | - K. M. Lokanatha Rai
- Department of studies in Chemistry PG centre, Chikkaaluvara Mangalore university Mangalagangothri Karnataka India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous) Ujire 574240 Karnataka India
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17
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Moghadam Farid S, Iraji A, Mojtabavi S, Ghasemi M, Faramarzi MA, Mahdavi M, Barazandeh Tehrani M, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M. Quinazolinone-1,2,3-triazole-acetamide conjugates as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: synthesis, enzyme inhibition, kinetic analysis, and molecular docking study. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:520-533. [PMID: 36970140 PMCID: PMC10033893 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00297c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, new hybrids of quinazolinone-1,2,3-triazole-acetamide were designed, synthesized, and screened for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results obtained from the in vitro screening indicated that all analogs exhibited significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 values ranging from 4.8-140.2 μM) in comparison to acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 μM). The limited structure-activity relationships suggested the variation in the inhibitory activities of the compounds affected by different substitutions on the aryl moiety. The enzyme kinetic studies of the most potent compound 9c, revealed that it inhibited α-glucosidase in a competitive mode with a K i value of 4.8 μM. In addition, molecular docking studies investigated the structural perturbation and behavior of all derivatives inside the α-glucosidase active site. Next, molecular dynamic simulations of the most potent compound 9c, were performed to study the behavior of the 9c-complex during the time. The results showed that these compounds can be considered as potential antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moghadam Farid
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences P.O. Box 14155-6451 Tehran 1417614411 Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Ghasemi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences P.O. Box 14155-6451 Tehran 1417614411 Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maliheh Barazandeh Tehrani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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18
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Mushtaq A, Azam U, Mehreen S, Naseer MM. Synthetic α-glucosidase inhibitors as promising anti-diabetic agents: Recent developments and future challenges. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115119. [PMID: 36680985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the biggest challenges for the scientific community in the 21st century. It is a well-recognized multifactorial health problem contributes significantly to high mortality rates by causing serious health complications mainly related to cardiovascular diseases, kidney damage and neuropathy. The inhibition of α-glucosidase (enzyme that catalyses starch hydrolysis in the intestine) is an effective therapeutic approach for controlling hyperglycemia associated with type-2 diabetes. However, the presently approved drugs/inhibitors such as acarbose, miglitol and voglibose have several undesirable gastrointestinal side effects impeding their applications. Therefore, search for novel and more effective inhibitors with reduced side effects and less cost remains a fascinating area of research. In this context, a large variety of α-glucosidase inhibitors have been identified in recent years that demands attention from drug development community. This review is therefore an effort to summarize and highlight the promising α-glucosidase inhibitors especially those which are primarily based on aromatic heterocyclic scaffolds such as coumarin, imidazole, isatin, pyrimidine, quinazoline, triazine, thiazole etc, having improved safety and pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Azam
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Saba Mehreen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Sharma S, Mittal N, Banik BK. Chemistry and Therapeutic Aspect of Triazole: Insight into the Structure-activity Relationship. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2702-2720. [PMID: 37916492 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128271288231023045049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The triazole ring is a highly significant heterocycle that occurs naturally in many commodities and is a common feature in pharmaceuticals. Recently, heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have been getting a lot of attention in medicinal chemistry because they have a lot of pharmacological and biological potential. For example, a lot of drugs have nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. The triazole ring is often used as a bio-isostere of the oxadiazole nucleus. The oxygen atom in the oxadiazole nucleus is replaced by nitrogen in the triazole analogue. This article explores the pharmacological properties of the triazole moiety, including but not limited to antibacterial, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, antimalarial, antioxidant, antiviral, and other properties. Additionally, we discuss the diverse multi- target pharmacological activities exhibited by triazole-based compounds. Based on a literature review, it is evident that triazole-based chemicals hold significant potential for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lords University, Alwar 301028, India
| | - Nitin Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lords University, Alwar 301028, India
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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20
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Kumar V, Lal K, Kumar A, Tittal RK, Singh MB, Singh P. Efficient synthesis, antimicrobial and molecular modelling studies of 3-sulfenylated oxindole linked 1,2,3-triazole hybrids. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Chu J, Yang R, Cheng W, Cui L, Pan H, Liu J, Guo Y. Semisynthesis, biological activities, and mechanism studies of Mannich base analogues of magnolol/honokiol as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 75:117070. [PMID: 36327695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnolol and honokiol, derived from a Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils, are a class of natural biphenolic lignans. Currently, the discovery of new α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural analogues is of interest. Here, four series of thirty new Mannich base analogues of magnolol/honokiol were prepared and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Among these Mannich base analogues of magnolol/honokiol, 3k and 3l exhibited more potent inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase than the reference drug acarbose, and their IC50 values were 14.94 ± 0.17 µM and 13.78 ± 1.42 µM, respectively. Some interesting structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also analyzed. The enzyme inhibition kinetics indicated that 3k and 3l were noncompetitive inhibitors. This result was in agreement with molecular docking studies, where the binding sites of 3k and 3l to α-glucosidase were different from that of the competitive inhibitor acarbose to α-glucosidase. Moverover, compounds 3k and 3l exhibited low toxicity to normal cells (LO2). Thus, analogues 3k and 3l could be deeply developed for the discovery of natural products based antidiabetic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Ruige Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Wanqing Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Liping Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hanchen Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jifeng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China.
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22
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N2,N6-Bis(6-iodo-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A green chemistry method was applied in the synthesis of N2,N6-bis(6-iodo-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide. The desired compound was synthesized mechanochemically, using a choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent as a catalyst. The synthesis took 20 min and the new compound was characterized using different spectral methods.
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Moheb M, Iraji A, Dastyafteh N, Khalili Ghomi M, Noori M, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Rasekh F, Larijani B, Zomorodian K, Sadat-Ebrahimi SE, Mahdavi M. Synthesis and bioactivities evaluation of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2022; 16:97. [DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00885-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe development of new antidiabetes agents is necessary to obtain optimal glycemic control and overcome its complications. Different quinazolin-4(3H)-one bearing phenoxy-acetamide derivatives (7a–r) were designed and synthesized to develop α-glucosidase inhibitors. All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated against α-glucosidase in vitro and among them, compound 7b showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 of 14.4 µM, which was ∼53 times stronger than that of acarbose. The inhibition kinetic studies showed that the inhibitory mechanism of compound 7b was a competitive type towards α-glucosidase. Also, molecular docking studies analyzed the interaction between the most potent derivative and α-glucosidase. Current findings indicate the new potential of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones that could be used for the development of novel agents against diabetes mellitus.
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24
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Al-Ghulikah HA, Mughal EU, Elkaeed EB, Naeem N, Nazir Y, Alzahrani AYA, Sadiq A, Shah SWA. Discovery of Chalcone Derivatives as Potential α-Glucosidase and Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Effect of Hyperglycemia in Paving a Path to Dementia. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Elganzory HH, Alminderej FM, El-Bayaa MN, Awad HM, Nossier ES, El-Sayed WA. Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Activity and Molecular Docking of New 1,2,3-Triazole-Based Glycosides Bearing 1,3,4-Thiadiazolyl, Indolyl and Arylacetamide Scaffolds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206960. [PMID: 36296551 PMCID: PMC9611297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New 1,3,4-thiadiazole thioglycosides linked to a substituted arylidine system were synthesized via heterocyclization via click 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The click strategy was used for the synthesis of new 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,3-triazole hybrid glycoside-based indolyl systems as novel hybrid molecules by reacting azide derivatives with the corresponding acetylated glycosyl terminal acetylenes. The cytotoxic activities of the compounds were studied against HCT-116 (human colorectal carcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines using the MTT assay. The results showed that the key thiadiazolethione compounds, the triazole glycosides linked to p-methoxyarylidine derivatives and the free hydroxyl glycoside had potent activity comparable to the reference drug, doxorubicin, against MCF-7 human cancer cells. Docking simulation studies were performed to check the binding patterns of the synthesized compounds. Enzyme inhibition assay studies were also conducted for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the results explained the activity of a number of derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein H. Elganzory
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (F.M.A.); (M.N.E.-B.)
| | - Mohamed N. El-Bayaa
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (F.M.A.); (M.N.E.-B.)
| | - Hanem M. Awad
- Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Behouth St, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Wael A. El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Behouth St, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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26
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Novel Quinazolinone–Isoxazoline Hybrids: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and DFT Mechanistic Study. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinazolinone and isoxazoline systems have attracted much attention due to their interesting pharmacological properties. The association of these two pharmacophores in a single hybrid structure can boost the biological activity or bring a new one. Inspired by this new paradigm, in the present work we report the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of new quinazolinone–isoxazoline hybrids. The target compounds were obtained via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of arylnitriloxides and N-allylquinazolinone. The synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1D NMR (1H and 13C), 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The spectral data show that this reaction leads only to the 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoline regioisomer, and that the observed regiochemistry is not affected by the nature of the substituents in the phenyl ring of the dipole. In addition, a theoretical study was performed using density functional theory (DFT) to support the experimental results in regard to the regiochemistry of the studied reactions. The computational mechanistic study was in good agreement with the experimental data.
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27
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Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Triazole-ferulic acid ester Hybrid Carbohydrates. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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El Ashry ESH, Farahat MM, Awad LF, Balbaa M, Yusef H, Badawy ME, Abd Al Moaty MN. New 4-(arylidene)amino-1,2,4-traizole-5-thiol derivatives and their acyclo thioglycosides as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and molecular modelling studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Pagilla S, Anagani Kanaka Durga B, Vodnala S, Kamutam R, Mudiraj A, Phanithi PB, Chetti P. Identification of novel quinazolinone hybrids as cytotoxic agents against
C6
glioma cell lines. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sumathi Vodnala
- Department of Chemistry, Nizam College, Basheerbhag Osmania University Hyderabad India
| | | | - Anwita Mudiraj
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad India
| | - Prakash Babu Phanithi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad India
| | - Prabhakar Chetti
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra India
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30
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Iraji A, Shareghi-Brojeni D, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M. Cyanoacetohydrazide linked to 1,2,3-triazole derivatives: a new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8647. [PMID: 35606520 PMCID: PMC9125976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, a novel series of cyanoacetohydrazide linked to 1,2,3-triazoles (9a–n) were designed and synthesized to be evaluated for their anti-α-glucosidase activity, focusing on the fact that α-glucosidase inhibitors have played a significant role in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. All synthesized compounds except 9a exhibited excellent inhibitory potential, with IC50 values ranging from 1.00 ± 0.01 to 271.17 ± 0.30 μM when compared to the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 754.1 ± 0.5 μM). The kinetic binding study indicated that the most active derivatives 9b (IC50 = 1.50 ± 0.01 μM) and 9e (IC50 = 1.00 ± 0.01 μM) behaved as the uncompetitive inhibitors of α-glucosidase with Ki = 0.43 and 0.24 μM, respectively. Moreover, fluorescence measurements were conducted to show conformational changes of the enzyme after binding of the most potent inhibitor (9e). Calculation of standard enthalpy (ΔHm°) and entropy (ΔSm°) values confirmed the construction of hydrophobic interactions between 9e and the enzyme. Also, docking studies indicated desired interactions with important residues of the enzyme which rationalized the in vitro results.
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31
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Chakraborty A, Jaiswal C, Hassan A, Kumar S, Singh K, Mandal BB, Das N. Tunable and improved antiproliferative activity of Pt (II)–based organometallics bearing alkynyls and 1,2,3‐triazole moieties. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar India
| | - Chitra Jaiswal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam India
| | - Atikur Hassan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar India
| | - Khushwant Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar India
| | - Biman B. Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam India
- Centre for Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam India
- School of Health Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar India
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Ahmed Saleh Alzahrani S, Nazreen S, Elhenawy AA, Neamatallah T, Alam MM. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking of New Benzimidazole-1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids as Antibacterial and Antitumor Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2069133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Nazreen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Elhenawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mahbbob Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Fallah Z, Tajbakhsh M, Alikhani M, Larijani B, Faramarzi MA, Hamedifar H, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Mahdavi M. A review on synthesis, mechanism of action, and structure-activity relationships of 1,2,3-triazole-based α-glucosidase inhibitors as promising anti-diabetic agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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34
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Sohrabi M, Binaeizadeh MR, Iraji A, Larijani B, Saeedi M, Mahdavi M. A review on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of first row transition metal complexes: a futuristic strategy for treatment of type 2 diabetes. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12011-12052. [PMID: 35481063 PMCID: PMC9020348 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by high blood glucose levels and has emerged as a controversial public health issue worldwide. The increasing number of patients with T2DM on one hand, and serious long-term complications of the disease such as obesity, neuropathy, and vascular disorders on the other hand, have induced a huge economic impact on society globally. In this regard, inhibition of α-glucosidase, the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of carbohydrates in the body has been the main therapeutic approach to the treatment of T2DM. As α-glucosidase inhibitors (α-GIs) have occupied a special position in the current research and prescription drugs are generally α-GIs, researchers have been encouraged to design and synthesize novel and efficient inhibitors. Previously, the presence of a sugar moiety seemed to be crucial for designing α-GIs since they can attach to the carbohydrate binding site of the enzyme mimicking the structure of disaccharides or oligosaccharides. However, inhibitors lacking glycosyl structures have also shown potent inhibitory activity and development of non-sugar based inhibitors is accelerating. In this respect, in vitro anti-α-glucosidase activity of metal complexes has attracted lots of attention and this paper has reviewed the inhibitory activity of first-row transition metal complexes toward α-glucosidase and discussed their probable mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Sohrabi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Liosa Pharmed Parseh Company Shiraz Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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35
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Fathalla EM, Altowyan MS, Albering JH, Barakat A, Abu-Youssef MAM, Soliman SM, Badr AMA. Synthesis, X-ray Structure, Hirshfeld, DFT and Biological Studies on a Quinazolinone-Nitrate Complex. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031089. [PMID: 35164351 PMCID: PMC8840642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction of 4-hydroxyquinazoline (4HQZ) with aqueous solution of nitric acid afforded the corresponding quinazolinone-nitrate (4HQZN) complex in very good yield. The crystal structure of 4HQZN was determined and its structural and supramolecular structural aspects were analyzed. 4HQZN crystallized in the space group P21/c and monoclinic crystal system with one [4HQZ-H]+[NO3]− formula and Z = 4. Its supramolecular structure could be described as a 2D infinite layers in which the 4HQZN molecules are connected via N-H…O and C-H…O hydrogen bridges. Using DFT calculations, the relative stability of five suggested isomers of 4HQZN were predicted. It was found that the medium effects have strong impact not only on the isomers’ stability but also on the structure of the 4HQZN. It was found that the structure of 4HQZN in DMSO and methanol matched well with the reported X-ray structure which shed the light on the importance of the intermolecular interactions on the isomers’ stability. The structure of 4HQZN could be described as a proton transfer complex in which the nitrate anion acting as an e-donor whiles the protonated 4HQZ is an e-acceptor. In contrast, the structure of the isolated 4HQZN in gas phase and in cyclohexane could be described as a 4HQZ…HNO3 hydrogen bonded complex. Biological screening of the antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of 4HQZ and 4HQZN was presented and compared. It was found that, 4HQZN has higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 36.59 ± 1.23 µg/mL) than 4HQZ. Both of 4HQZ and 4HQZN showed cell growth inhibition against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A-549) carcinoma cell lines with different extents. The 4HQZ has better activity with IC50 of 178.08 ± 6.24 µg/mL and 119.84 ± 4.98 µg/mL, respectively. The corresponding values for 4HQZN are 249.87 ± 9.71 µg/mL and 237.02 ± 8.64 µg/mL, respectively. Also, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of 4HQZN are higher than 4HQZ against all studied microbes. The most promising result is for 4HQZN against A. fumigatus (MIC = 312.5 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Fathalla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.M.F.); (A.M.A.B.)
| | - Mezna Saleh Altowyan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jörg H. Albering
- Graz University of Technology, Mandellstr. 11/III, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Morsy A. M. Abu-Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.M.F.); (A.M.A.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.A.-Y.); or (S.M.S.)
| | - Saied M. Soliman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.M.F.); (A.M.A.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.A.-Y.); or (S.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed M. A. Badr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.M.F.); (A.M.A.B.)
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36
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Deng P, Sun G, Zhao J, Yao K, Yuan M, Peng L, Mao L. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Erlotinib Derivatives Linked With 1,2,3-Triazole. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793905. [PMID: 35111061 PMCID: PMC8802806 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most important cause of cancer-related death and presents a major public health problem in many countries. To search for more novel antitumor agents against cervical cancer, 14 erlotinib-linked 1,2,3-triazole compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-tumor activity. The compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectra (HR MS). Antitumor activity assay results indicated that six of those compounds have remarkable inhibitory activity against human cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro, among which compound 4m was the most potent with IC50 of 3.79 μM, and compounds 4k, 4i, 4l, 4d, and 4n also demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity with IC50 of 3.79, 4.16, 4.36, 7.02, and 8.21 μM. We found three of the most potent compounds 4d, 4k, and 4l induced potent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells, and compounds 4d and 4l significantly restrained the cell colony formation and showed moderate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitory activity with IC50 of 13.01 and 1.76 μM. Therefore, these experiments indicate that these erlotinib-linked 1,2,3-triazole compounds are potential to act as effective anticancer agents against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ge Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kaitai Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Khalifa MM, Sakr HM, Ibrahim A, Mansour AM, Ayyad RR. Design and synthesis of new benzylidene-quinazolinone hybrids as potential anti-diabetic agents: In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition, and docking studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Sun G, Mao L, Deng W, Xu S, Zhao J, Yang J, Yao K, Yuan M, Li W. Discovery of a Series of 1,2,3-Triazole-Containing Erlotinib Derivatives With Potent Anti-Tumor Activities Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Chem 2022; 9:789030. [PMID: 35071184 PMCID: PMC8776995 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.789030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are emerging at the vanguard of therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR-activating mutations. However, the increasing therapeutic resistance caused by novel mutations or activated bypass pathways has impaired their performance. In this study, we link one of the commercial EGFR-TKIs, Erlotinib, to different azide compounds to synthesize a novel class of 1,2,3-triazole ring-containing Erlotinib derivatives. We discovered that several new compounds show robust antiproliferation activity against diverse NSCLC cells in vitro including PC-9, H460, H1975 and A549. Two of the most potent compounds, e4 and e12 have been found to be more efficient than Erlotinib in all NSCLC cell lines except PC-9. They significantly induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PC-9 and H460 cells. The antitumor efficacy of compound e4 in vivo is close to that of Erlotinib in a PC-9 xenograft mouse model. Most Erlotinib-1,2,3-triazole compounds exhibit moderate to good inhibitory activities toward wild-type EGFR as indicated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the EGFR phosphorylation was inhibited in H460 and PC-9 cells exposed to e4 or e12. These data suggest that these Erlotinib-1,2,3-triazole compounds are suitable candidates for use against NSCLC and more unknown mechanisms merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxiang Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jianxue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- School of Nursing, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kaitai Yao
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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Satyanarayana N, Boddu R, Sathish K, Nagaraju S, K D, Pawar R, Shirisha T, Kashinath D. Synthesis of 2-styryl-quinazoline and 3-styryl-quinoxaline based sulfonate esters via sp3 C-H activation and their evaluation for α-glucosidase inhibition. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05644a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of 2-styryl-quinazolines and 3-styryl-quinoxaline based sulfonates is reported via sp3 C-H functionalization in the presence of triethylamine (10 mol%). The resulting compounds were tested for the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition...
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41
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Dadkhah S, Malekzadeh M, Hassanzadeh F, Khodarahmi G, Asadi P, Rostami M. The art of design in azlactone–benzoxazinone chemistry, docking studies and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Nematpour M, Karimi N, Mahboubi-Rabbani M. Copper-Catalyzed Ultrasonic-Promoted Coupling of Acetylene Analogs,
Dialkyl azo dicarboxylate, and Benzazoles to Assemble Tricyclic Fused-
Ring [1,2,3]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzazole Analogs. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178618666211001120336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
An unprecedented copper-catalyzed reaction of acetylene analogs with dialkyl azo dicarboxylate
and benzazole analogs via a cross-coupling sequence was reported. A library of triazolobenzazole
fused ring systems including [1,2,3] triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzothiazole, [1,2,3]
triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzoxazole and [1,2,3] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzimidazole structures were
obtained in moderate to excellent yields under very mild reaction conditions. Structural confirmation
of the final products became possible using different methods like spectroscopy and elemental
analysis. The control experiments indicated C-H activation of acetylene by copper salts,
followed by cycloaddition between a 2-(phenylethynyl)benzo[d]azol-3(2H)-yl anion and azo dicarboxylate
as the key mechanistic feature. The broad substrate scope with simple and easily affordable
starting materials, as well as mild reaction conditions are the noticeable attributes of this
methodology, which provides facile access to the desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Nematpour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Karimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
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43
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Zhang R, Ma R, Fu Q, Chen R, Wang Z, Wang L, Ma Y. Selective electrophilic di- and mono-fluorinations for the synthesis of 4-difluoromethyl and 4-fluoromethyl quinazolin(thi)ones by Selectfluor-triggered multi-component reaction. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01728d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient domino protocol for the selective synthesis of 4-difluoromethyl and 4-fluoromethyl quinazolin(thi)ones was established from readily available 2-aminoacetophenones and iso(thio)cyanates mediated by Selectfluor. The reaction outcomes are...
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44
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Wahan SK, Sharma B, Chawla PA. Medicinal perspective of quinazolinone derivatives: Recent developments and
structure–activity
relationship studies. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy Moga India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy Moga India
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45
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Poonia N, Lal K, Kumar A, Kumar A, Sahu S, Baidya ATK, Kumar R. Urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker: synthesis, antimicrobial potential, pharmacokinetic profile and in silico mechanistic studies. Mol Divers 2021; 26:2375-2391. [PMID: 34671895 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Some urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker were synthesized via Cu(I)-catalysed click reaction. After successfully analysed by various spectral techniques including FTIR, NMR and HRMS, antimicrobial screening of the synthesized hybrids along with their precursors was carried out against two Gram (+) bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus endophyticus), two Gram (-) bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and two fungi (Candida albicans and Rhizopus oryzae). All the synthesized compounds (4a-4l) displayed better biological response than the standard fluconazole against both of the tested fungi. Compounds 4h and 4j were found to be the most active compounds against R. oryzae and C. albicans, respectively. Molecular docking of hybrid 4j and its alkyne precursor 1b in the active site of C. albicans target sterol 14-α demethylase was also performed and was also supported by molecular dynamics studies. In silico ADME prediction of synthesized urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker and their alkyne precursors was also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Poonia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Srikanta Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Anurag T K Baidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, (B.H.U.), U.P., Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, (B.H.U.), U.P., Varanasi, 221005, India
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46
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El‐Sayed HA, Moustafa AH, Masry AA, Amer AM, Mohammed SM. An efficient synthesis of 4,6‐diarylnicotinonitrile‐acetamide hybrids via 1,2,3‐triazole linker as multitarget microbial inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A. El‐Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Masry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Atef M. Amer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Samar M. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
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47
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Bushra, Shamim S, Khan KM, Ullah N, Mahdavi M, Faramarzi MA, Larijani B, Salar U, Rafique R, Taha M, Perveen S. Synthesis, in vitro, and in silico evaluation of Indazole Schiff bases as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Patel AB, Rohit JV. Development of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole and Piperazine Fused Hybrid Quinazoline Derivatives as Dynamic Antimycobacterial Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1970586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit B. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat), Daman, India
| | - Jignesh V. Rohit
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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49
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Haroun M, Tratrat C, Kochkar H, Nair AB. CDATA[Recent Advances in the Development of 1,2,3-Triazole-containing Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents and Inhibitors of Lanoster ol 14α-Demethylase. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:462-506. [PMID: 33319673 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201214232018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic nucleus, is widely recognized as a key chromophore of great value in medicinal chemistry for delivering compounds possessing innumerable biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory activities. Mainly, in the past years, diverse conjugates carrying this biologically valuable core have been reported due to their attractive fungicidal potential and potent effects on various infective targets. Hence, hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole with other antimicrobial pharmacophores appears to be a judicious strategy to develop new effective anti-fungal candidates to combat the emergence of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant infectious diseases. Thus, the current review highlights the recent advances of this promising category of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids incorporating diverse varieties of bioactive heterocycles such as conozole, coumarin, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, indole, oxindole, chromene, pyrane, quinazoline, chalcone, isoflavone, carbohydrates, and amides. It underlies their inhibition behavior against a wide array of infectious fungal species during 2015-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafedh Kochkar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Saeedi M, Eslami A, Mirfazli SS, Zardkanlou M, Faramarzi MA, Mahdavi M, Akbarzadeh T. Design and Synthesis of Novel 5-Arylisoxazole-1,3,4-thiadiazole Hybrids as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999201104125018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
α-Glucosidase inhibitors have occupied a significant position in the treatment
of type 2 diabetes. In this respect, the development of novel and efficient non-sugar-based
inhibitors is in high demand.
Objective:
Design and synthesis of new 5-arylisoxazole-1,3,4-thiadiazole hybrids possessing α-
glucosidase inhibitory activity were developed.
Methods:
Different derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of various 5-arylisoxazole-3-
carboxylic acids and ethyl 2-((5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)acetate. Finally, they were evaluated
for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
Results:
It was found that ethyl 2-((5-(5-(2-chlorophenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-
2-yl)thio)acetate (5j) was the most potent compound (IC50 = 180.1 μM) compared with acarbose as
the reference drug (IC50 = 750.0 μM). Also, the kinetic study of 5j revealed a competitive inhibition
and docking study results indicated desired interactions of that compound with amino acid residues
located close to the active site of α-glucosidase.
Conclusion:
Good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity obtained by the title compounds introduced
them as an efficient scaffold, which merits to be considered in anti-diabetic drug discovery
developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Eslami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zardkanlou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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