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Shinde Y, Pathan A, Chinnam S, Rathod G, Patil B, Dhangar M, Mathew B, Kim H, Mundada A, Kukreti N, Ahmad I, Patel H. Mycobacterial FtsZ and inhibitors: a promising target for the anti-tubercular drug development. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10759-8. [PMID: 38010605 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains has rendered many anti-TB drugs ineffective. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify new drug targets against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Filament Forming Temperature Sensitive Gene Z (FtsZ), a member of the cytoskeletal protein family, plays a vital role in cell division by forming a cytokinetic ring at the cell's center and coordinating the division machinery. When FtsZ is depleted, cells are unable to divide and instead elongate into filamentous structures that eventually undergo lysis. Since the inactivation of FtsZ or alterations in its assembly impede the formation of the Z-ring and septum, FtsZ shows promise as a target for the development of anti-mycobacterial drugs. This review not only discusses the potential role of FtsZ as a promising pharmacological target for anti-tuberculosis therapies but also explores the structural and functional aspects of the mycobacterial protein FtsZ in cell division. Additionally, it reviews various inhibitors of Mtb FtsZ. By understanding the importance of FtsZ in cell division, researchers can explore strategies to disrupt its function, impeding the growth and proliferation of Mtb. Furthermore, the investigation of different inhibitors that target Mtb FtsZ expands the potential for developing effective treatments against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashodeep Shinde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Asama Pathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sampath Chinnam
- Department of Chemistry, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology (Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - Gajanan Rathod
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Bhatu Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Mayur Dhangar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 690525, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Anand Mundada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University-Dehradun, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Harun Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India.
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Yadav R, Meena D, Singh K, Tyagi R, Yadav Y, Sagar R. Recent advances in the synthesis of new benzothiazole based anti-tubercular compounds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21890-21925. [PMID: 37483662 PMCID: PMC10359851 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the recent synthetic developments of benzothiazole based anti-tubercular compounds and their in vitro and in vivo activity. The inhibitory concentrations of the newly synthesized molecules were compared with the standard reference drugs. The better inhibition potency was found in new benzothiazole derivatives against M. tuberculosis. Synthesis of benzothiazole derivatives was achieved through various synthetic pathways including diazo-coupling, Knoevenagel condensation, Biginelli reaction, molecular hybridization techniques, microwave irradiation, one-pot multicomponent reactions etc. Other than recent synthetic developments, mechanism of resistance of anti-TB drugs is also incorporated in this review. Structure activity relationships of the new benzothiazole derivatives along with the molecular docking studies of selected compounds have been discussed against the target DprE1 in search of a potent inhibitor with enhanced anti-tubercular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Yadav
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
| | - Dilkhush Meena
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
| | - Kavita Singh
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
| | - Rajdeep Tyagi
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
| | - Yogesh Yadav
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
| | - Ram Sagar
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 India
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Lee BS, Singh S, Pethe K. Inhibiting respiration as a novel antibiotic strategy. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 74:102327. [PMID: 37235914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The approval of the first-in-class antibacterial bedaquiline for tuberculosis marks a breakthrough in antituberculosis drug development. The drug inhibits mycobacterial respiration and represents the validation of a wholly different metabolic process as a druggable target space. In this review, we discuss the advances in the development of mycobacterial respiratory inhibitors, as well as the potential of applying this strategy to other pathogens. The non-fermentative nature of mycobacteria explains their vulnerability to respiration inhibition, and we caution that this strategy may not be equally effective in other organisms. Conversely, we also showcase fundamental studies that reveal ancillary functions of the respiratory pathway, which are crucial to some pathogens' virulence, drug susceptibility and fitness, introducing another perspective of targeting bacterial respiration as an antibiotic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Shi Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Samsher Singh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Kevin Pethe
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore; National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore.
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