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Dimitrijević MG, Roschger C, Lang K, Zierer A, Paunović MG, Obradović AD, Matić MM, Pocrnić M, Galić N, Ćirić A, Joksović MD. Discovery of a new class of potent pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-diones based inhibitors of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: Synthesis, pharmacological and toxicological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107359. [PMID: 38613925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Twenty N-substituted pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-diones 3a-t were synthesized by a cyclization reaction of Pfitzinger's quinoline ester precursor with the selected aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic amines. The structures of all derivatives were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra, while their purity was determined using HPLC techniques. Almost all compounds were identified as a new class ofpotent inhibitors against hDHODH among which 3a and 3t were the most active ones with the same IC50 values of 0.11 μM, about seven times better than reference drug leflunomide. These two derivatives also exhibited very low cytotoxic effects toward healthy HaCaT cells and the optimal lipophilic properties with logP value of 1.12 and 2.07 respectively, obtained experimentally at physiological pH. We further evaluated the comparative differences in toxicological impact of the three most active compounds 3a, 3n and 3t and reference drug leflunomide. The rats were divided into five groups and were treated intraperitoneally, control group (group I) with a single dose of leflunomide (20 mg/kg) group II and the other three groups, III, IV and V were treated with 3a, 3n and 3t (20 mg/kg bw) separately. The investigation was performed in liver, kidney and blood by examining serum biochemical parameters and parameters of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Dimitrijević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Cornelia Roschger
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Kevin Lang
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zierer
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Milica G Paunović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Ana D Obradović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Miloš M Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Marijana Pocrnić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nives Galić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrija Ćirić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan D Joksović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Gao H, Zhou L, Zhang P, Wang Y, Qian X, Liu Y, Wu G. Filamentous Fungi-Derived Orsellinic Acid-Sesquiterpene Meroterpenoids: Fungal Sources, Chemical Structures, Bioactivities, and Biosynthesis. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:1110-1124. [PMID: 37225133 DOI: 10.1055/a-2099-4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungi-derived polyketide-terpenoid hybrids are important meroterpenoid natural products that possess diverse structure scaffolds with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. Herein, we focus on an ever-increasing group of meroterpenoids, orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids comprised of biosynthetic start unit orsellinic acid coupling to a farnesyl group or/and its modified cyclic products. The review entails the search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases up to June 2022. The key terms include "orsellinic acid", "sesquiterpene", "ascochlorin", "ascofuranone", and "Ascochyta viciae", which are combined with the structures of "ascochlorin" and "ascofuranone" drawn by the Reaxys and Scifinder databases. In our search, these orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids are mainly produced by filamentous fungi. Ascochlorin was the first compound reported in 1968 and isolated from filamentous fungus Ascochyta viciae (synonym: Acremonium egyptiacum; Acremonium sclerotigenum); to date, 71 molecules are discovered from various filamentous fungi inhabiting in a variety of ecological niches. As typical representatives of the hybrid molecules, the biosynthetic pathway of ascofuranone and ascochlorin are discussed. The group of meroterpenoid hybrids exhibits a broad arrange of bioactivities, as highlighted by targeting hDHODH (human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) inhibition, antitrypanosomal, and antimicrobial activities. This review summarizes the findings related to the structures, fungal sources, bioactivities, and their biosynthesis from 1968 to June 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luning Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangwei Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Petrović MM, Roschger C, Lang K, Zierer A, Mladenović M, Trifunović S, Mandić B, Joksović MD. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new quinoline-4-carboxylic acid-chalcone hybrids as dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200374. [PMID: 36372522 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen novel quinoline-4-carboxylic acid-chalcone hybrids were obtained via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and evaluated as potential human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) inhibitors. The ketone precursor 2 was synthesized by the Pfitzinger reaction and used for further derivatization at position 3 of the quinoline ring for the first time. Six compounds showed better hDHODH inhibitory activity than the reference drug leflunomide, with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to 0.58 μM. The bioactive conformations of the compounds within hDHODH were resolved by means of molecular docking, revealing their tendency to occupy the narrow tunnel of hDHODH within the N-terminus and to prevent ubiquinone as the second cofactor from easily approaching the flavin mononucleotide as a cofactor for the redox reaction within the redox site. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that 4d and 4h demonstrated the highest cytotoxic activity against the A375 cell line, with IC50 values of 5.0 and 6.8 µM, respectively. The lipophilicity of the synthesized hybrids was obtained experimentally and expressed as logD7.4 values at physiologicalpH while the solubility assay was conducted to define physicochemical characteristics influencing the ADMET properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena M Petrović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Cornelia Roschger
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Kevin Lang
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zierer
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Milan Mladenović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Boris Mandić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan D Joksović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Ilakiyalakshmi M, Arumugam Napoleon A. Review on recent development of quinoline for anticancer activities. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Wang J, Ren C, Tang P, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Recent advances of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors for cancer therapy: Current development and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Stine ZE, Schug ZT, Salvino JM, Dang CV. Targeting cancer metabolism in the era of precision oncology. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:141-162. [PMID: 34862480 PMCID: PMC8641543 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
One hundred years have passed since Warburg discovered alterations in cancer metabolism, more than 70 years since Sidney Farber introduced anti-folates that transformed the treatment of childhood leukaemia, and 20 years since metabolism was linked to oncogenes. However, progress in targeting cancer metabolism therapeutically in the past decade has been limited. Only a few metabolism-based drugs for cancer have been successfully developed, some of which are in - or en route to - clinical trials. Strategies for targeting the intrinsic metabolism of cancer cells often did not account for the metabolism of non-cancer stromal and immune cells, which have pivotal roles in tumour progression and maintenance. By considering immune cell metabolism and the clinical manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism, it may be possible to isolate undesirable off-tumour, on-target effects of metabolic drugs during their development. Hence, the conceptual framework for drug design must consider the metabolic vulnerabilities of non-cancer cells in the tumour immune microenvironment, as well as those of cancer cells. In this Review, we cover the recent developments, notable milestones and setbacks in targeting cancer metabolism, and discuss the way forward for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chi V Dang
- The Wistar Institute Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research New York, New York, NY, USA.
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Low cytotoxic quinoline-4-carboxylic acids derived from vanillin precursors as potential human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 46:128194. [PMID: 34116160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Twenty novel 2-substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids bearing amide moiety were designed and synthesized by Doebner reaction. Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) was recognized as a biological target and all compounds were screened as potential hDHODH inhibitors in an enzyme inhibition assay. The prepared heterocycles were also evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on the healthy HaCaT cell line while lipophilic properties were considered on the basis of experimentally determined logD values at physiological pH. The most promising compound 5j, with chlorine at para-position of terminal phenyl ring, showed good hDHODH inhibitory activity, low cytotoxicity, and optimal lipophilicity. The bioactive conformation of 5j on the hDHODH, determined by means of molecular docking, revealed the compound's pharmacology and provide guidelines for further lead optimization.
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