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Zhao H, Liu Y, Cai N, Liao X, Tang L, Wang Y. Endocannabinoid Hydrolase Inhibitors: Potential Novel Anxiolytic Drugs. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2143-2167. [PMID: 38882045 PMCID: PMC11179644 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s462785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the idea of targeting the endocannabinoid system to treat anxiety disorders has received increasing attention. Previous studies focused more on developing cannabinoid receptor agonists or supplementing exogenous cannabinoids, which are prone to various adverse effects due to their strong pharmacological activity and poor receptor selectivity, limiting their application in clinical research. Endocannabinoid hydrolase inhibitors are considered to be the most promising development strategies for the treatment of anxiety disorders. More recent efforts have emphasized that inhibition of two major endogenous cannabinoid hydrolases, monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), indirectly activates cannabinoid receptors by increasing endogenous cannabinoid levels in the synaptic gap, circumventing receptor desensitization resulting from direct enhancement of endogenous cannabinoid signaling. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the anxiolytic effects of MAGL and FAAH inhibitors and their potential pharmacological mechanisms, highlight reported novel inhibitors or natural products, and provide an outlook on future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention & Treatment of Depressive Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention & Treatment of Depressive Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Cai
- Outpatient Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Liao
- Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention & Treatment of Depressive Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention & Treatment of Depressive Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention & Treatment of Depressive Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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2
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He Z, Guan MM, Xiong LT, Li X, Zeng Y, Deng X, Herron AN, Cui ZN. Discovery of novel amide derivatives as potent quorum sensing inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116410. [PMID: 38615409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing reports of antibiotic resistance in this species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common human pathogen with important implications for public health. Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) systems are potentially broad and versatile targets for developing new antimicrobial compounds. While previous reports have demonstrated that certain amide compounds can inhibit bacterial growth, there are few reports on the specific inhibitory effects of these compounds on bacterial quorum sensing systems. In this study, thirty-one amide derivatives were synthesized. The results of the biological activity assessment indicated that A9 and B6 could significantly inhibit the expression of lasB, rhlA, and pqsA, effectively reducing several virulence factors regulated by the QS systems of PAO1. Additionally, compound A9 attenuated the pathogenicity of PAO1 to Galleria mellonella larvae. Meanwhile, RT-qPCR, SPR, and molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the mechanism of these compounds, which suggests that compound A9 inhibited the QS systems by binding with LasR and PqsR, especially PqsR. In conclusion, amide derivatives A9 and B6 exhibit promising potential for further development as novel QS inhibitors in P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe He
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ming-Ming Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lan-Tu Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xile Deng
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | | | - Zi-Ning Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Dos Santos Nascimento IJ, Gomes JNS, de Oliveira Viana J, de Medeiros E Silva YMS, Barbosa EG, de Moura RO. The Power of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Their Applications to Discover Cysteine Protease Inhibitors. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1125-1146. [PMID: 37680157 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230901152257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A large family of enzymes with the function of hydrolyzing peptide bonds, called peptidases or cysteine proteases (CPs), are divided into three categories according to the peptide chain involved. CPs catalyze the hydrolysis of amide, ester, thiol ester, and thioester peptide bonds. They can be divided into several groups, such as papain-like (CA), viral chymotrypsin-like CPs (CB), papainlike endopeptidases of RNA viruses (CC), legumain-type caspases (CD), and showing active residues of His, Glu/Asp, Gln, Cys (CE). The catalytic mechanism of CPs is the essential cysteine residue present in the active site. These mechanisms are often studied through computational methods that provide new information about the catalytic mechanism and identify inhibitors. The role of computational methods during drug design and development stages is increasing. Methods in Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) accelerate the discovery process, increase the chances of selecting more promising molecules for experimental studies, and can identify critical mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and molecular pathways of action. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are essential in any drug discovery program due to their high capacity for simulating a physiological environment capable of unveiling significant inhibition mechanisms of new compounds against target proteins, especially CPs. Here, a brief approach will be shown on MD simulations and how the studies were applied to identify inhibitors or critical information against cysteine protease from several microorganisms, such as Trypanosoma cruzi (cruzain), Trypanosoma brucei (rhodesain), Plasmodium spp. (falcipain), and SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro). We hope the readers will gain new insights and use our study as a guide for potential compound identifications using MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor José Dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Pharmacy, Cesmac University Center, Maceió, 57051-160, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Joilly Nilce Santana Gomes
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Jéssika de Oliveira Viana
- Post-graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Yvnni Maria Sales de Medeiros E Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Euzébio Guimarães Barbosa
- Post-graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Olimpio de Moura
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
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4
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Singh YP, Kumar N, Chauhan BS, Garg P. Carbamate as a potential anti-Alzheimer's pharmacophore: A review. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1624-1651. [PMID: 37694498 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative brain disorder, which leads to loss of memory and other cognitive dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms of AD pathogenesis are very complex and still not fully explored. Cholinergic neuronal loss, accumulation of amyloid plaque, metal ions dyshomeostasis, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are major hallmarks of AD. The current treatment options for AD are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) and NMDA receptor antagonists (memantine). These FDA-approved drugs mainly provide symptomatic relief without addressing the pathological aspects of disease progression. So, there is an urgent need for novel drug development that not only addresses the basic mechanisms of the disease but also shows the neuroprotective property. Various research groups across the globe are working on the development of multifunctional agents for AD amelioration using different core scaffolds for their design, and carbamate is among them. Rivastigmine was the first carbamate drug investigated for AD management. The carbamate fragment, a core scaffold of rivastigmine, act as a potential inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. In this review, we summarize the last 10 years of research conducted on the modification of carbamate with different substituents which primarily target ChE inhibition, reduce oxidative stress, and modulate Aβ aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Pal Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Navneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | | | - Prabha Garg
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
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5
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Chen J, Tang Y, Zhou H, Shao J, Ji W, Wang Z, Liang D, Zhao C. Lignan constituents with α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities from the fruits of Viburnum urceolatum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 216:113895. [PMID: 37827226 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Eleven previously undescribed lignan constituents, including five 8-O-4' type neolignans, viburnurcosides A-E (1-5), three benzofuran type neolignans, viburnurcosides F-H (6-8), and three tetrahydrofuran type lignans, viburnurcosides I-K (9-11), were isolated from the fruits of Viburnum urceolatum. The structures of all isolates were elucidated by an extensive analysis of the NMR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by quantum-chemical electronic circular dichroism calculation and comparison. The sugar units of viburnurcosides A-K were identified by acid hydrolysis and HPLC analysis of the chiral derivatives of monosaccharides. The in vitro enzyme inhibition assay exhibited that viburnurcoside J (10) had the most potent inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the IC50 values of 19.75 and 9.14 μM, respectively, which were stronger than those of the positive control acarbose (37.31 and 26.75 μM, respectively). The potential binding modes of viburnurcoside J (10) with α-amylase and α-glucosidase were also analyzed by molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiyuan Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhua Shao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chunchao Zhao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Chen J, Tang Y, Zhou H, Shao J, Ji W, Yang M, Zhao C. Iridoid constituents from the branches of Viburnum chinshanense and their inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 216:113893. [PMID: 37820889 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ten previously undescribed iridoid constituents, viburnshosins A-E (1-5) and viburnshosides A-E (6-10), together with one known analogue (11), were isolated from the branches of Viburnum chinshanense. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by a comprehensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data, together with HRESIMS spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-10 were assigned by means of the calculated ECD spectra. Interestingly, compounds 2 and 3 are the first iridoids with an unusual C-3-C-7 oxo bridge. Compounds 4, 5, and 10 displayed remarkable inhibitory effects against α-amylase (IC50: 38.42, 37.65, and 21.64 μM, respectively) and α-glucosidase (IC50: 12.97, 19.34, and 25.71 μM, respectively), comparable to those of the positive control acarbose (IC50: 39.75 and 23.66 μM, respectively). The interaction modes of compounds 4 and 10 with two enzymes were analyzed by molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yiyuan Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Jianhua Shao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Wei Ji
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Mengya Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Chunchao Zhao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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7
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Hao J, Chen Q, Feng Y, Jiang Q, Sun H, Deng B, Huang X, Guan J, Chen Q, Liu X, Wang Y, Cao P, Feng F, Li X. Combination treatment with FAAH inhibitors/URB597 and ferroptosis inducers significantly decreases the growth and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma cells via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:247. [PMID: 37024452 PMCID: PMC10079857 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death characterized by significant iron-dependent peroxidation of phospholipids, is regulated by cellular metabolism, redox homeostasis, and various cancer-related signaling pathways. Recently, considerable progress has been made in demonstrating the critical role of lipid metabolism in regulating ferroptosis, indicating the potential of combinational strategies for treating cancer in the future. In this study, we explored the combinational effects of lipid metabolism compounds and ferroptosis inducers on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. We found potent synergy of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597 with ferroptosis inducer (1S, 3R)-RSL3 (RSL3) in inhibiting the growth and metastasis of RCC cells both in vitro and in vivo via induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and promotion of the production of lipid peroxides, malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, inhibition of FAAH increased the sensitivity of RCC cells to ferroptosis. Genome-wide RNA sequencing indicated that the combination of URB597 and RSL3 has more significant effects on regulation of the expression of genes related to cell proliferation, the cell cycle, cell migration and invasion, and ferroptosis than either single agent alone. Moreover, we found that combinational treatment modulated the sensitivity of RCC cells to ferroptosis via the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway. These data demonstrate that dual targeting of FAAH and ferroptosis could be a promising strategy for treating RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Hao
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Qiguang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yongmin Feng
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Qiyu Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwei Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Botian Deng
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Jibin Guan
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Qiuping Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xincheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yanjin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Fan Feng
- Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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8
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Jaiswal S, Gupta G, Ayyannan SR. Synthesis and evaluation of carbamate derivatives as fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200081. [PMID: 35924298 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) are the primary catabolic enzymes for endocannabinoids, anandamide (AEA), and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol. Numerous studies have shown that FAAH and MAGL play an important role in modulating various central nervous system activities; hence, the development of small molecule FAAH/MAGL inhibitors is an active area of research. Several small molecules possessing the carbamate scaffold are documented as potential FAAH/MAGL inhibitors. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of open chain and cyclic carbamates and evaluated their dual FAAH-MAGL inhibition properties. Phenyl [4-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]carbamate (2e) emerged as the most potent MAGL inhibitor (IC50 = 19 nM), benzyl (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)carbamate (3h) was the most potent FAAH inhibitor (IC50 = 55 nM), and phenyl (6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)carbamate (2i) egressed as a nonselective dual FAAH-MAGL inhibitor (FAAH: 82 nM, MAGL: 72 nM). The enzyme kinetics experiments revealed that the compounds inhibit FAAH/MAGL in a covalent-reversible manner, with a mixed binding mode of action. Moreover, the lead compounds were found suitable for blood-brain permeation in the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay. Furthermore, docking simulation experiments suggested that the potency of the lead compounds was governed by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with the enzyme active sites. In silico drug-likeness and ADMETox prediction studies provided useful information on the compounds' oral absorption, metabolism, and toxicity profiles. In summary, this study afforded potent multifunctional carbamates with appreciable pharmacokinetic profiles meriting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Gupta
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Senthil R Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chehardoli G, Gholamhoseini P, Ebadi A, Ziaei M, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M, Mahdavi M, Khoshneviszadeh M, Najafi Z. 6‐Methoxy‐1‐tetralone Derivatives Bearing an N‐Arylpyridinium Moiety as Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamabbas Chehardoli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Pooriya Gholamhoseini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Ahmad Ebadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Maral Ziaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1411713137 Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 7146864685 Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
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10
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Wang S, Wang Z. Recent advance on carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114606. [PMID: 35858523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly worldwide, has brought enormous challenge to the society. Due to its extremely complex pathogeneses, the development of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) becomes the major strategy for combating AD. Carbamate moiety, as an essential building block in the development of MTDLs, exhibits structural similarity to neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and has piqued extensive attention in discovering multifunctional cholinesterase inhibitors. To date, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors can prominently increase the level of ACh and improve cognition impairments and behavioral deficits, providing a privileged strategy for the treatment of AD. Based on the recent research focus on the novel cholinesterase inhibitors with multiple biofunctions, this review aims at summarizing and discussing the most recent studies excavating the potential carbamate-based MTDLs with cholinesterase inhibition efficacy, to accelerate the pace of pleiotropic cholinesterase inhibitors for coping AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Shuzhi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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11
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Shang Y, Wang M, Hao Q, Meng T, Li L, Shi J, Yang G, Zhang Z, Yang K, Wang J. Development of indole-2-carbonyl piperazine urea derivatives as selective FAAH inhibitors for efficient treatment of depression and pain. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Gur Maz T, Turanlı S, Caliskan HB, Çalışkan B, Banoglu E. Development and molecular modeling studies of new thiadiazole piperazine urea derivatives as potential fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200082. [PMID: 35500130 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel piperazine urea derivatives with thiadiazole moieties were designed, synthesized, and investigated for their inhibition potential against human fatty acid amide hydrolase (hFAAH). The urea derivatives possessing p-chlorophenylthiadiazole and benzylpiperazine fragments (19-22) were effective inhibitors of hFAAH. Notably, compounds with 4-chlorobenzyl (19) and 4-fluorobenzyl (20) tails at the piperazine side were identified as the most active inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.13 and 0.22 µM, respectively. The preincubation test of 19 was in agreement with the irreversible binding mechanism. Molecular docking was performed to explore the potential binding interactions with key amino acid residues at the FAAH active site. These newly identified inhibitors could serve as leads for the further development of potent and selective FAAH inhibitors for FAAH-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Gur Maz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Turanlı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Burcu Çalışkan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Advancements in the development of multi-target directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 61:116742. [PMID: 35398739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial irreversible neurological disorder which results in cognitive impairment, loss of cholinergic neurons in synapses of the basal forebrain and neuronal death. Exact pathology of the disease is not yet known however, many hypotheses have been proposed for its treatment. The available treatments including monotherapies and combination therapies are not able to combat the disease effectively because of its complex pathological mechanism. A multipotent drug for AD has the potential to bind or inhibit multiple targets responsible for the progression of the disease like aggregated Aβ, hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, cholinergic and adrenergic receptors, MAO enzymes, overactivated N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor etc. The traditional approach of one disease-one target-one drug has been rationalized to one drug-multi targets for the chronic diseases like AD and cancer. Thus, over the last decade research focus has been shifted towards the development of multi target directed ligands (MTDLs) which can simultaneously inhibit multiple targets and stop or slow the progression of the disease. The MTDLs can be more effective against AD and eliminate any possibility of drug-drug interactions. Many important active pharmacophore units have been fused, merged or incorporated into different scaffolds to synthesize new potent drugs. In the current article, we have described various hypothesis for AD and effectiveness of the MTDLs treatment strategy is discussed in detail. Different chemical scaffolds and their synthetic strategies have been described and important functionalities are identified in the chemical scaffold that have the potential to bind to the multiple targets. The important leads identified in this study with MTDL characteristics have the potential to be developed as drug candidates for the effective treatment of AD.
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14
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Jaiswal S, Akhilesh, Uniyal A, Tiwari V, Raja Ayyannan S. Synthesis and evaluation of dual fatty acid amide hydrolase-monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition and antinociceptive activities of 4-methylsulfonylaniline-derived semicarbazones. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 60:116698. [PMID: 35296453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) are promising targets for neuropathic pain and other CNS disorders. Based on our previous lead compound SIH 3, we designed and synthesized a series of 4-methylsulfonylphenyl semicarbazones and evaluated for FAAH and MAGL inhibition properties. Most of the compounds showed potency towards both enzymes with leading FAAH selectivity. Compound (Z)-2-(2,6-dichlorobenzylidene)-N-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)hydrazine-1-carboxamide emerged as the lead inhibitor against both FAAH (IC50 = 11 nM) and MAGL (IC50 = 36 nM). The lead inhibitor inhibited FAAH by non-competitive mode, but showed a mixed-type inhibition against MAGL. Molecular docking study unveiled that the docked ligands bind favorably to the active sites of FAAH and MAGL. The lead inhibitor interacted with FAAH and MAGL via π-π stacking via phenyl ring and hydrogen bonding through sulfonyl oxygen atoms or amide NH. Moreover, the stability of docked complexes was rationalized by molecular simulation studies. PAMPA assay revealed that the lead compound is suitable for blood-brain penetration. The lead compound showed better cell viability in lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity assay in SH-SY5Y cell lines. Further, in-vivo experiments unveiled that dual inhibitor was safe up to 2000 mg/kg with no hepatotoxicity. The dual FAAH-MAGL inhibitor produced significant anti-nociceptive effect in the CCI model of neuropathic pain without altering locomotion activity. Lastly, the lead compound exhibited promising ex-vivo FAAH/MAGL inhibition activity at the dose of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. Thus, these findings suggest that the semicarbazone-based lead compound can be a potential template for the development of agents for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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15
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Brunetti L, Leuci R, Carrieri A, Catto M, Occhineri S, Vinci G, Gambacorta L, Baltrukevich H, Chaves S, Laghezza A, Altomare CD, Tortorella P, Santos MA, Loiodice F, Piemontese L. Structure-based design of novel donepezil-like hybrids for a multi-target approach to the therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Jaiswal S, Ayyannan SR. Discovery of Isatin-Based Carbohydrazones as Potential Dual Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase and Monoacylglycerol Lipase. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100559. [PMID: 34637598 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Using ligand-based design strategy, a set of isatin-3-carbohydrazones was designed, synthesized and evaluated for dual fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibition properties. Compound 5-chloro-N'-(5-chloro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (13 b) emerged as a potent MAGL inhibitor with nanomolar activity (IC50 =3.33 nM), while compound 5-chloro-N'-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (13 j) was the most potent selective FAAH inhibitor (IC50 =37 nM). Compound 5-chloro-N'-(6-chloro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (13 c) showed dual FAAH-MAGL inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 31 and 29 nM respectively. Enzyme kinetics studies revealed that the isatin-based carbohydrazones are reversible inhibitors for both FAAH and MAGL. Further, blood-brain permeability assay confirmed that the lead compounds (13 b, 13 c, 13 g, 13 m and 13 q) are suitable as CNS candidates. Molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed the putative binding modes and key interactions of lead inhibitors within the enzyme active sites. The lead dual FAAH-MAGL inhibitor 13 c showed significant antioxidant activity and neuroprotection in the cell-based cytotoxicity assay. In summary, the study yielded three potent FAAH/MAGL inhibitor compounds (13 b, 13 c and 13 j) with acceptable pharmacokinetic profile and thus can be considered as promising candidates for treating neurological and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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