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Nawaz Z, Riaz N, Saleem M, Iqbal A, Abida Ejaz S, Bashir B, Muzaffar S, Ashraf M, Aziz-Ur-Rehman, Sajjad Bilal M, Krishna Prabhala B, Sajid S. Molecular hybrids of substituted phenylcarbamoylpiperidine and 1,2,4-triazole methylacetamide as potent 15-LOX inhibitors: Design, synthesis, DFT calculations and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:106984. [PMID: 38056389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a multifaceted phenomenon triggered by potentially active mediators acutely released arachidonic acid metabolites partially in lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway which are primarily accountable for causing several diseases in humans. It is widely believed that an inhibitor of the LOX pathway represents a rational approach for designing more potent antiinflammatory leads with druggable super safety profiles. In our continual efforts in search for anti-LOX molecules, the present work was to design a new series of N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl derivatives (7a-o) of 4-phenyl-5-(1-phenylcarbamoylpiperidine)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol which was commenced in seriate formation of phenylcarbamoyl derivative (1), hydrazide (2), semicarbazide (3) and 4-phenyl-5-(1-phenylcarbamoylpiperidine)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (4). The aimed compounds were obtained by reacting 4-phenyl-5-(1-phenylcarbamoylpiperidine)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with assorted N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl electrophiles. All compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, EI-MS and HR-EI-MS spectrometry and screened against soybean 15-LOX for their inhibitory potential using chemiluminescence method. All the compounds except 7m and 7h inhibited the said enzyme remarkably. Compounds 7c,7l, 7j and 7a displayed potent inhibitions ranging from IC50 1.92 ± 0.13 µM to 7.65 ± 0.12 µM. Other analogues 7g, 7o, 7e, 7b, 7d, 7k and 7n revealed excellent inhibitory values ranging from IC50 12.45 ± 0.38 µM to 24.81 ± 0.47 µM. All these compounds did not reveal DPPH radical scavenging activity. Compounds 7i-o maintained > 90 % human blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) viability at 0.125 mM as assayed by MTT whilst others were found toxic. Pharmacokinetic profiles predicted good oral bioavailability and drug-likeness properties of the active scaffolds. SAR investigations showed that phenyl substituted analogue on amide side decreased inhibitory activity due to inductive and mesomeric effects while the mono-alkyl substituted analogues were more active than disubstituted ones and ortho substituted analogues were more potent than meta substituted ones. MD simulation predicted the stability of the 7c ligand and receptor complex as shown by their relative RMSD (root mean square deviation) values. Molecular docking studies displayed hydrogen bonding between the compounds and the enzyme with Arg378 which was common in 7n, 7g, 7h and baicalein. In 7a and quercetin, hydrogen bonding was established through Asn375. RMSD values exhibited good inhibitory profiles in the order quercetin (0.73 Å) < 7 g < baicalein < 7a < 7n < 7 h (1.81 Å) and the binding free energies followed similar pattern. Density functional theory (DFT) data established good correlation between the active compounds and significant activity was associated with more stabilized LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals) orbitals. Nevertheless, the present studies declare active analogues like 7c, 7 l, 7a, 7j as leads. Work is ongoing in derivatizing active molecules to explore more effective leads as 15-LOX inhibitors as antiinflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Nawaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Riaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ambar Iqbal
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (IBBB), Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khawaja Fareed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Bashir
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzaffar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Sceience and Technology, University of Education, 54770 Lahore, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Bilal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khawaja Fareed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bala Krishna Prabhala
- Institute of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230M, Denmark
| | - Salvia Sajid
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen 2, DK-2100 Kobenhavn O, Denmark
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Lavrentaki V, Kousaxidis A, Theodosis-Nobelos P, Papagiouvannis G, Koutsopoulos K, Nicolaou I. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of indazole carboxamides of N-substituted pyrrole derivatives as soybean lipoxygenase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10775-8. [PMID: 38145424 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we attempted to develop a novel class of compounds against lipoxygenase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes implicated in a series of inflammatory diseases. Given the absence of appropriate human 5-lipoxygenase crystallographic data, solved soybean lipoxygenase-1 and -3 structures were used as a template to generate an accurate pharmacophore model which was further used for virtual screening purposes. Eight compounds (1-8) have been derived from the in-house library consisting of N-substituted pyrroles conjugated with 5- or 6-indazole moieties through a carboxamide linker. This study led to the discovery of hit molecule 8 bearing a naphthyl group with the IC50 value of 22 μM according to soybean lipoxygenase in vitro assay. Isosteric replacement of naphthyl ring with quinoline moieties and reduction of carbonyl carboxamide group resulted in compounds 9-12 and 13, respectively. Compound 12 demonstrated the most promising enzyme inhibition. In addition, compounds 8 and 12 were found to reduce the carrageenan-induced paw edema in vivo by 52.6 and 49.8%, respectively. In view of the encouraging outcomes concerning their notable in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, compounds 8 and 12 could be further optimized for the discovery of novel 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in future. A structure-based 3D pharmacophore model was used in the virtual screening of in-house library to discover novel potential 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Lavrentaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Kousaxidis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Papagiouvannis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, 1036, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Ioannis Nicolaou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Aliabadi A, Khanniri E, Mahboubi-Rabbani M, Bayanati M. Dual COX-2/15-LOX inhibitors: A new avenue in the prevention of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115866. [PMID: 37862815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Dual cyclooxygenase 2/15-lipoxygenase inhibitors constitute a valuable alternative to classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, as well as preventing the cancer. Indeed, these latter present diverse side effects, which are reduced or absent in dual-acting agents. In this review, COX-2 and 15-LOX (15-lipoxygenase) pathways are first described in order to highlight the therapeutic interest of designing such compounds. Various structural families of dual inhibitors are illustrated. This study discloses various structural families of dual 15-LOX/COX-2 inhibitors, thus pave the way to design potentially-active anticancer agents with balanced dual inhibition of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aliabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Khanniri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Bayanati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Umair M, Rehman AU, Abbasi MA, Siddiqui SZ, Iqbal J, Khalid H, Rasool S, Khan SU, Zafar F. Modular and Computational Access to Innocuous Multistep Metal-Free Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles as Enzyme Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11952-11965. [PMID: 37033856 PMCID: PMC10077450 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An array of 1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids, 7a-s, structurally intriguing cores with potential in natural product synthesis and drug discovery, have been synthesized using innovative comparable conventional and microwave-assisted protocols. The synthesis was performed by the reaction of secondary amine-based acetamides, 6a-s, as the electrophile and piperidine-based oxadiazoles as the nucleophile, 3, under the metal-free reaction conditions. High yield in minimum time with highest purity was obtained by the microwave-irradiated method instead of the conventional one. The structural elucidations were made through infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis studies. The whole array of synthesized compounds, 7a-s, was evaluated for their potential against α-glucosidase and butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Natural bond orbital and structural optimizations were made by using the B3LYP method and the basis set of 6-311++G(d,p). Frontier molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatic potential were calculated at the same level of selected compounds as potential candidates against BChE and α-glucosidase enzymes utilizing the time-dependent density functional theory. Fifteen compounds out of 19 were observed to be active against α-glucosidase enzyme in comparison with acarbose as the reference standard and 7 against the BChE enzyme compared to eserine as the reference standard. The highest potential of compound 7j against BChE is well correlated by the higher binding interaction with target protein as -10.2, calculated by docking studies. The recruited compounds against both enzymes could be the best anti-enzymatic drugs and part of drugs discovery programs after further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aziz ur Rehman
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Javed Iqbal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
| | - Hira Khalid
- Department
of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Rasool
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shafi Ullah Khan
- Product
and Process Innovation Department, Qarshi
Brands Pvt. Ltd, Hattar
Industrial Estate Haripur 22610, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fatiqa Zafar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
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Bashir B, Riaz N, Ejaz SA, Saleem M, Iqbal A, Ashraf M, Ejaz S, -Rehman AU, Aziz M, Bhattarai K. Investigations of p-tolyloxy-1,3,4-oxadiazole propionamides as soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors in comforting with in vitro and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15549-15568. [PMID: 36946200 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2190807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory disorders are the prime contributor to public health issue and the development of more effective and safer anti-inflammatory drugs in addition to other therapeutic alternatives to treat inflammatory illnesses, particularly chronic inflammatory diseases, is one of the foremost current issues. In this regard, our present work is concerned with the synthesis of a new series of N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl derivatives (7a-o) of 5-((p-tolyloxymethyl)-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-ylthio)propionamide which was instigated by the successive conversions of p-tolyloxyacetic acid into ester, hydrazide and 5-(p-tolyloxymethyl)-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol. The planned compounds (7a-o) were attained by the reaction of 5-(p-tolyloxymethyl)-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol with variety of N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl electrophiles in potassium hydroxide and were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, EI-MS and HR-EI-MS spectrometry and probed for their inhibiting potential against soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) enzyme. The compounds 7a, 7n, 7 g, 7e, 7h, 7i, 7j and 7b promulgated the potent inhibiting potential with IC50 values 9.43 ± 0.45, 16.75 ± 0.49, 19.45 ± 0.37, 21.32 ± 0.46, 22.64 ± 0.56, 23.53 ± 0.62, 24.32 ± 0.45 and 29.15 ± 0.57 µM, respectively, while excellent to good inhibitory activities were shown by 7o, 7 m, 7k, 7f, 7c, 7 l and 7d with IC50 values in the range 30.29 ± 0.56 to 52.54 ± 0.64 µM. Compounds 7i-o maintained 91.12 ± 1.5 to 98.23 ± 1.2% blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) viability at 0.25 mM by MTT assay whilst compounds 7d-h observed 46.51 ± 1.3 to 57.12 ± 1.4% viability where as the most toxic compounds were 7b (12.51 ± 1.4%), 7a (28.12 ± 1.5%) and 7c (38.23 ± 1.5%) as compared with controls. Pharmacokinetic profiles predicted good oral bioavailability and drug-likeness properties of molecules as per rule of five. Molecular docking studies displayed hydrogen bonding between the compounds and the enzyme with Arg378 which was common in 7n, 7 g, 7h and baicalein. In 7a and quercetin, hydrogen bonding was established through Asn375; Tyr512 and Val589 were also involved in bonding with other analogues. RMSD (root mean square deviation) values exhibited good inhibitory profiles in the order quercetin (0.73 Å)<7 g (0.98 Å)
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Bashir
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Riaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ambar Iqbal
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (IBBB), Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Samina Ejaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (IBBB), Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Aziz-Ur -Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Keshab Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Esmaeilzadeh A, Heshmatpour F. Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium and Cerium-Co-Doped TiO 2-HAp as an Efficient Nanocomposite: Investigation of Its Photocatalytic and Catalytic Applications. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2164017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Felora Heshmatpour
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Riaz N, Yasin M, Ashraf M, Saleem M, Bashir B, Iqbal A, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Ejaz SA, Ejaz S, Mahmood HMK, Bhattarai K. Vetting of new N-furfurylated p-chlorophenyl-1,2,4-triazole acetamides as lipoxygenase inhibitors assisted with in vitro and in silico studies. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bashir B, Riaz N, Ejaz SA, Saleem M, Iqbal A, Mahmood HMK, Ejaz S, Ashraf M, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Bhattarai K. Parsing p-Tolyloxy-1,3,4-oxadiazolepropanamides as 15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Prop up by In Vitro and In Silico Profiling Including Structure Determination. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bashir B, Riaz N, Abida Ejaz S, Saleem M, Ashraf M, Iqbal A, Muzaffar S, Ejaz S, Aziz-Ur-Rehman, Mohammad Kashif Mahmood H, Bhattarai K. Assessing p-tolyloxy-1,3,4-oxadiazole acetamides as lipoxygenase inhibitors assisted by in vitro and in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106144. [PMID: 36116325 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The underlying correlation between the inflammation, innate immunity and cancer is extensively familiar and linked through a process mediated by three enzymes; cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450). The ever increase in the reported side effects of the antiinflammatory drugs against the targeted enzymes and the resistance developed afterwards compels the researchers to synthesize new effective molecules with safer profile. On the basis of these facts, our ongoing research on 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives deals with the synthesis of a new series of N-alkyl/aralky/aryl derivatives of 5-((p-tolyloxymethyl)-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-ylthio)acetamide (6a-o) which were developed by the sequential conversion of p-tolyloxyacetic acid (a) into ester (1) hydrazide (2) and 5-(p-tolyloxymethyl)-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (3). The designed compounds (6a-o) were acquired by the reaction of 1,3,4-oxadiazole (3) with numerous electrophiles (5a-o) in KOH. The synthesized analogues (6a-o) were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, 13C NMR spectroscopy, EI-MS and HR-EI-MS spectrometry, and were further assessed for their inhibitory potential against the soybean 15-LOX enzyme. The results showed excellent inhibitory potential of the compounds against the said enzyme, specifically 6o, 6b, 6n and 6e with inhibitory values (IC50 ± SEM) of 21.5 ± 0.76, 24.3 ± 0.45, 29.1 ± 0.65 and 31.3 ± 0.78 µM, respectively. These compounds displayed < 55 % blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) cellular viability as measured by MTT assay at 0.25 mM concentration. Other compounds demonstrated moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 values in the range of 33.2 ± 0.78 to 96.3 ± 0.73 µM and exhibited little cellular viability against MNCs except 6i, 6j, 6 m and 6 k that showed 61-79 % cellular viability. It was observed that most of the compounds (6o, 6b, 6n, 6e) were found more toxic towards MNCs at studied concentration of 0.25 mM. SAR studies revealed that the positions and nature of substituents accompanying phenyl ring have great influence on 15-LOX inhibitory activity. In the most active compound 6o, the amino acids Asp768 and Val126 were involved in hydrogen bonding, Thr529 was linked with π-anion interaction and π-sulphur interaction was displayed with Tyr525 and two π-alkyl interactions were formed with the benzene ring and amino acid residues Pro530 and Arg533. The in silico pharmacokinetics profiles and density functional theory calculations of the compounds further supported the in vitro findings. Further work on the synthesis of more oxadiazole derivatives is in progress in search for potential 'leads' for the drug discovery as LOX inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Bashir
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Riaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khawaja Fareed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Ambar Iqbal
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzaffar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Sceience and Technology, University of Education, 54770, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Pakistan.
| | - Samina Ejaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mohammad Kashif Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khawaja Fareed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Keshab Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Tariq S, Mutahir S, Khan MA, Mutahir Z, Hussain S, Ashraf M, Bao X, Zhou B, Stark CB, Khan IU. Synthesis, in vitro cholinesterase inhibition, molecular docking, DFT and ADME studies of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole 2-thiol derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200157. [PMID: 35767725 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A sequence of 1,3,4-oxadiazole 2-thiol derivatives bearing various alkyl or aryl moieties was designed, synthesized, and characterized by modern spectroscopic methods to yield 17 compounds ( 6a - 6q ) which were screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes in search of 'lead' compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD). The compounds 6q, 6p, 6k, 6o, and 6l showed inhibitory capability against AChE and BChE, with IC 50 values ranging from 11.730.49 to 27.360.29 µM for AChE and 21.830.39 to 39.430.44 µM for BChE, inhibiting both enzymes within a limited range. The SAR ascertained that the substitution of the aromatic moiety had a profound effect on the AChE and BChE inhibitory potential as compared to the aliphatic substitutions which were supported by the molecular docking studies. In silico ADME studies reinforced the drug-likeness of most of the synthesized molecules. These results were additionally supplemented by the molecular orbital analysis (HOMO-LUMO) and electrostatic potential maps got from DFT calculations. ESP maps expose that on all structures, there are two potential binding sites conquered by the most positive and most negative districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Tariq
- Government College University Lahore, Department of Chemitry, Anarkaly Lahore, 54000, Lahore, PAKISTAN
| | - Sadaf Mutahir
- University of Sialkot, Department of Chemitry, Daska Road Sialkot, Sialkot, PAKISTAN
| | - Muhammad Asim Khan
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing 210094, 210000, China, 210000, Nanjing, CHINA
| | - Zeeshan Mutahir
- University of the Punjab Quaid-i-Azam Campus: University of the Punjab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan, Lahore, PAKISTAN
| | - Safdar Hussain
- Islamia University: The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Department of Chemitry, Bahwalpur, Bahwalpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Islamia University: The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Department of Chemitry, Bahwalpur, Government College University Lahore, 54000, Bahwalpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Xiaofang Bao
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Room No. 104. 2nd Old Chemical Building, School of Chemical Engineering, 210094, 210094, Nanjing, CHINA
| | - Baojing Zhou
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Room No. 104. 2nd Old Chemical Building, School of Chemical Engineering, 210094, 210094, Nanjing, CHINA
| | - Christian Bw Stark
- Universitat Hamburg Zentralbibliothek Recht: Universitat Hamburg, Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany, Hamburg, GERMANY
| | - Islam Ullah Khan
- University of Mianwali, Department of Chemistry/VC Office, VC Office, Department of Chemistry, University of Mianwali, Pakistan, Mianwali, PAKISTAN
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Daud S, Abid OUR, Sardar A, Abdullah S, Shahid W, Ashraf M, Ejaz SA, Saeed A, Shah BA, Niaz B. Exploring ibuprofen derivatives as α-glucosidase and lipoxygenase inhibitors: Cytotoxicity and in silico studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200013. [PMID: 35532320 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of a series of ibuprofen derivatives, including thiosemicarbazides 4a-f, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 5a-f, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles 6a-f, 1,2,4-triazoles 7a-f, and their S-alkylated derivatives 8a-d. All of the newly synthesized derivatives were analyzed using 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectra (electron ionization) spectrometry. These synthetic molecules were examined for their in vitro baking yeast α-glucosidase and soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition and cell viability studies. The results revealed that the compounds N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine 5f (IC50 3.05 ± 1.23 µM) and N-(3-fluorophenyl)-5-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine 5b (IC50 3.12 ± 1.21 µM) were the most potent with respect to the α-glucosidase enzyme while in case of 15-LOX, the compound 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoyl]thiosemicarbazide 4e showed potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 55.41 ± 0.41 µM. All these compounds were found least toxic by displaying a blood mononuclear cell viability value of 69.2%-97.8% by the MTT assay compared to the standards when assayed at 0.25 mM concentration. Molecular docking analyses were conducted to evaluate the inhibition profiles of these derivatives against the said enzymes and the data supported the in vitro profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Daud
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Asma Sardar
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Shawana Abdullah
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Wardah Shahid
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Amna Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Basit Ali Shah
- School of Material Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Basit Niaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies of naproxen derivatives as dual lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Mehmood R, Sadiq A, Alsantali RI, Mughal EU, Alsharif MA, Naeem N, Javid A, Al-Rooqi MM, Chaudhry GES, Ahmed SA. Synthesis and Evaluation of 1,3,5-Triaryl-2-Pyrazoline Derivatives as Potent Dual Inhibitors of Urease and α-Glucosidase Together with Their Cytotoxic, Molecular Modeling and Drug-Likeness Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3775-3795. [PMID: 35128286 PMCID: PMC8811919 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a concise library of 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines (2a-2q) was designed and synthesized by employing a multistep strategy, and the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their urease and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The compounds (2a-2q) were characterized using a combination of several spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and EI-MS. All the synthesized compounds, except compound 2i, were potent against urease as compared to the standard inhibitor thiourea (IC50 = 21.37 ± 0.26 μM). These analogs disclosed varying degrees of urease inhibitory activities ranging from 9.13 ± 0.25 to 18.42 ± 0.42 μM. Compounds 2b, 2g, 2m, and 2q having IC50 values of 9.36 ± 0.27, 9.13 ± 0.25, 9.18 ± 0.35, and 9.35 ± 0.35 μM, respectively, showed excellent inhibitory activity as compared to standard thiourea (IC50 = 21.37 ± 0.26 μM). A kinetic study of compound 2g revealed that compound 2g inhibited urease in a competitive mode. Among the synthesized pyrazolines, the compounds 2c, 2k, 2m, and 2o exhibited excellent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the lowest IC50 values of 212.52 ± 1.31, 237.26 ± 1.28, 138.35 ± 1.32, and 114.57 ± 1.35 μM, respectively, as compared to the standard acarbose (IC50 = 375.82 ± 1.76 μM). The compounds (2a-2q) showed α-glucosidase IC50 values in the range of 114.57 ± 1.35 to 462.94 ± 1.23 μM. Structure-activity relationship revealed that the size and electron-donating or -withdrawing effects of substituents influenced the activities, which led to the urease and α-glucosidase inhibiting properties. Compound 2m was a dual potent inhibitor against urease and α-glucosidase due to the presence of 2-CF3 electron-withdrawing functionality on the phenyl ring. To the best of our knowledge, these synthetic compounds were found to be the most potent dual inhibitors of urease and α-glucosidase with minimum IC50 values. The cytotoxicity of the compounds (2a-2q) was also investigated against human cell lines MCF-7 and HeLa. Compound 2l showed moderate cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines. Moreover, in silico studies on most active compounds were also performed to understand the binding interaction of most active compounds with active sites of urease and α-glucosidase enzymes. Some compounds exhibited drug-like characteristics due to their lower cytotoxic and good ADME profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Mehmood
- Department
of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot 51300, Pakistan
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department
of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot 51300, Pakistan
| | - Reem I. Alsantali
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Meshari A. Alsharif
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Asif Javid
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Munirah M. Al-Rooqi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gul-e-Saba Chaudhry
- Institute
of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Microbiology
and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah
Women University, Rawalpindi 23451, Pakistan
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut
University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
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