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Nazir MS, Ahmad M, Aslam S, Rafiq A, Al-Hussain SA, Zaki MEA. A Comprehensive Update of Anti-COVID-19 Activity of Heterocyclic Compounds. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1547-1571. [PMID: 38737333 PMCID: PMC11088867 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s450499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the most considerable health problems across the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the major causative agent of COVID-19. The severe symptoms of this deadly disease include shortness of breath, fever, cough, loss of smell, and a broad spectrum of other health issues such as diarrhea, pneumonia, bronchitis, septic shock, and multiple organ failure. Currently, there are no medications available for coronavirus patients, except symptom-relieving drugs. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 requires the development of effective drugs and specific treatments. Heterocycles are important constituents of more than 85% of the physiologically active pharmaceutical drugs on the market now. Several FDA-approved drugs have been reported including molnupiravir, remdesivir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, favipiravir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine for the cure of COVID-19. In this study, we discuss potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 heterocyclic compounds that have been synthesized over the past few years. These compounds included; indole, piperidine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, piperazine, quinazoline, oxazole, quinoline, isoxazole, thiazole, quinoxaline, pyrazole, azafluorene, imidazole, thiadiazole, triazole, coumarin, chromene, and benzodioxole. Both in vitro and in silico studies were performed to determine the potential of these heterocyclic compounds in the fight against various SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zaher AM, Anwar WS, Makboul MA, Abdel-Rahman IAM. Potent anticancer activity of (Z)-3-hexenyl-β- D-glucopyranoside in pancreatic cancer cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2311-2320. [PMID: 37819391 PMCID: PMC10933169 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This current study reports, for the first time, on the potent cytotoxicity of (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, as well as its cellular and molecular apoptotic mechanisms against Panc1 cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of three compounds, namely (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), gallic acid (2), and pyrogallol (3), which were isolated from C. rotang leaf, was investigated against certain cancer and normal cells using the MTT assay. The cellular apoptotic activity and Panc1 cell cycle impact of compound (1) were examined through flow cytometry analysis and Annexin V-FITC cellular apoptotic assays. Additionally, RT-PCR was employed to evaluate the effect of compound (1) on the Panc1 apoptotic genes Casp3 and Bax, as well as the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside demonstrated the highest cytotoxic activity against Panc1 cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 7.6 µM. In comparison, gallic acid exhibited an IC50 value of 21.8 µM, and pyrogallol showed an IC50 value of 198.2 µM. However, (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside displayed minimal or no significant cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF7 cancer cells as well as WI-38 normal cells, with IC50 values of 45.8 µM, 108.7 µM, and 194. µM, respectively. (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (10 µM) was demonstrated to induce cellular apoptosis and cell growth arrest at the S phase of the cell cycle in Panc1 cells. These findings were supported by RT-PCR analysis, which revealed the upregulation of apoptotic genes (Casp3 and Bax) and the downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. This study emphasizes the significant cellular potency of (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside in specifically inducing cytotoxicity in Panc1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Zaher
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Merit University, New Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Walaa S Anwar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Makboul A Makboul
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Iman A M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Cyril AC, Ali NM, Nelliyulla Parambath A, Vazhappilly CG, Jan RK, Karuvantevida N, Aburamadan H, Lozon Y, Radhakrishnan R. Nigella sativa and its chemical constituents: pre-clinical and clinical evidence for their potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:273-285. [PMID: 37966624 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused over 500 million reported cases of COVID-19 worldwide with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Although global vaccination drive has helped control the pandemic, the newer variant of the virus still holds the world in ransom. Several medicinal herbs with antiviral properties have been reported, and one such promising herb is Nigella sativa (NS). Recent molecular docking, pre-clinical, and clinical studies have shown that NS extracts may have the potential to prevent the entry of coronaviruses into the host cell as well as to treat and manage COVID-19 symptoms. Several active compounds from NS, such as nigelledine, α-hederin, dithymoquinone (DTQ), and thymoquinone (TQ), have been proposed as excellent ligands to target angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2 receptors) and other targets on host cells as well as the spike protein (S protein) on SARS-CoV-2. By binding to these target proteins, these ligands could potentially prevent the binding between ACE2 and S protein. Though several articles have been published on the promising therapeutic role of NS and its constituents against SARS-CoV-2 infection, in this review, we consolidate the published information on NS and SARS-CoV-2, focusing on pre-clinical in silico studies as well as clinical trials reported between 2012 and 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Caroline Cyril
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Najma Mohamed Ali
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anagha Nelliyulla Parambath
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reem Kais Jan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noushad Karuvantevida
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haneen Aburamadan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yosra Lozon
- Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajan Radhakrishnan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Srivastava R, Singh N, Kanda T, Yadav S, Yadav S, Choudhary P, Atri N. Promising role of Vitamin D and plant metabolites against COVID-19: Clinical trials review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21205. [PMID: 37920525 PMCID: PMC10618788 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D possesses immunomodulatory qualities and is protective against respiratory infections. Additionally, it strengthens adaptive and cellular immunity and boosts the expression of genes involved in oxidation. Experts suggested taking vitamin D supplements to avoid and treat viral infection and also COVID-19, on the other hand, since the beginning of time, the use of plants as medicines have been vital to human wellbeing. The WHO estimates that 80 % of people worldwide use plants or herbs for therapeutic purposes. Secondary metabolites from medicinal plants are thought to be useful in lowering infections from pathogenic microorganisms due to their ability to inhibit viral protein and enzyme activity by binding with them. As a result, this manuscript seeks to describe the role of vitamin D and probable plant metabolites that have antiviral activities and may be complementary to the alternative strategy against COVID-19 in a single manuscript through reviewing various case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Tripti Kanda
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sadhana Yadav
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | | | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Suleiman M, Almalki FA, Ben Hadda T, Kawsar SMA, Chander S, Murugesan S, Bhat AR, Bogoyavlenskiy A, Jamalis J. Recent Progress in Synthesis, POM Analyses and SAR of Coumarin-Hybrids as Potential Anti-HIV Agents-A Mini Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1538. [PMID: 38004404 PMCID: PMC10675815 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the primary cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), one of the deadliest pandemic diseases. Various mechanisms and procedures have been pursued to synthesise several anti-HIV agents, but due to the severe side effects and multidrug resistance spawning from the treatment of HIV/AIDS using highly active retroviral therapy (HAART), it has become imperative to design and synthesise novel anti-HIV agents. Literature has shown that natural sources, particularly the plant kingdom, can release important metabolites that have several biological, mechanistic and structural representations similar to chemically synthesised compounds. Certainly, compounds from natural and ethnomedicinal sources have proven to be effective in the management of HIV/AIDS with low toxicity, fewer side effects and affordability. From plants, fungi and bacteria, coumarin can be obtained, which is a secondary metabolite and is well known for its actions in different stages of the HIV replication cycle: protease, integrase and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition, cell membrane fusion and viral host attachment. These, among other reasons, are why coumarin moieties will be the basis of a good building block for the development of potent anti-HIV agents. This review aims to outline the synthetic pathways, structure-activity relationship (SAR) and POM analyses of coumarin hybrids with anti-HIV activity, detailing articles published between 2000 and 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Suleiman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
- Department of Chemistry, Sokoto State University, Birnin Kebbi Road, Sokoto 852101, Nigeria
| | - Faisal A. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (T.B.H.)
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (T.B.H.)
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Sarkar M. A. Kawsar
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh;
| | - Subhash Chander
- Amity Institute of Phytochemistry & Phytomedicine, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, India;
| | - Ajmal R. Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India;
| | - Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
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Ahmed S, Bhat AR, Rahiman AK, Dongre RS, Hasan AH, Niranjan V, C L, Sheikh SA, Jamalis J, Berredjem M, Kawsar SMA. Green synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives: molecular dynamic simulation, POM study and identification of antitumor pharmacophore sites. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37768136 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2258404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives 3a-i were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of Bacillus licheniformis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Newly prepared thiazolidine (TZD) derivatives were further screened separately for in vitro antifungal activity against cultures of fungal species, namely, Aspergillus niger, Alternaria brassicicola, Chaetomium murorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Lycopodium sp. and Penicillium notatum. The electron-donating substituents (-OH and -OCH3) and electron-withdrawing substituents (-Cl and -NO2) on the attached arylidene moieties of five-membered heterocyclic ring enhanced the broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The molecular docking study has revealed that compound 3h strongly interacts with the catalytic residues of the active site of the β-carbonic anhydrase (P. aeruginosa) and has the best docking score. In silico pharmacokinetics studies showed the drug-likeness and non-toxic nature of the synthesized compounds, which indicates the combined antibacterial, antiviral and antitumor pharmacophore sites of the targeted drug. This work demonstrates that potential TZD derivatives bind to different types of bacterial and fungal pathogens for circumventing their activities and opens avenues for the development of newer drug candidates that can target bacterial and fungal pathogens.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeer Ahmed
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Ajmal R Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Aziz Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, Iraq
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lavanya C
- Department of Biotechnology, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - S A Sheikh
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Malika Berredjem
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry LCOA, Synthesis of Biomolecules and Molecular Modelling Group, Badji-Mokhtar - Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Sarkar M A Kawsar
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry (LCNC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Roney M, Dubey A, Nasir MH, Huq AM, Tufail A, Tajuddin SN, Zamri NB, Mohd Aluwi MFF. Computational evaluation of quinones of Nigella sativa L. as potential inhibitor of dengue virus NS5 methyltransferase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37632317 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2248262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for the transmission of the dengue virus, which causes dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic illness and dengue shock syndrome. There is now no antiviral medication available to treat DENV, which kills thousands of people each year and infects millions of individuals. A possible target for the creation of fresh and efficient dengue treatments is the DENV-3 NS5 MTase. So, Nigella sativa quinones were examined using in silico methods to find natural anti-DENV compounds. The in silico docking was conducted utilising the Discovery Studio software on the quinones of N. sativa and the active site of the target protein DENV-3 NS5 MTase. In addition, the druggability and pharmacokinetics of the lead compound were assessed. Dithymoquinone was comparable to the reference compound in terms of its ability to bind to the active site of target protein. Dithymoquinone met the requirements for drug likeness and Lipinski's principles, as demonstrated by the ADMET analysis and drug likeness results. The current study indicated that the dithymoquinone from N. sativa had anti-DENV activity, suggesting further drug development and dengue treatment optimisation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial SCiences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-Aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Amit Dubey
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muhammad Hassan Nasir
- Faculty of Medicine, University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
| | - Akm Moyeenul Huq
- Centre for Bio-Aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific 74/A, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aisha Tufail
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saiful Nizam Tajuddin
- Faculty of Industrial SCiences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-Aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Normaiza Binti Zamri
- Faculty of Industrial SCiences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial SCiences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-Aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
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Mukhtar M, Khan HA, Zaidi NUSS. Exploring the inhibitory potential of Nigella sativa against dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease and NS5 polymerase using computational approaches. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18306-18322. [PMID: 37333789 PMCID: PMC10273825 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever, a highly infectious and rapidly spreading vector borne illness, is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) by WHO because they generally afflict the world's poor and historically have not received as much attention as other diseases. DENV NS2B/NS3 protease and NS5 polymerase are regarded as significant prospective therapeutic targets because of their critical involvement in the viral replication cycle. To date, no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. The commonly used herbal plant Nigella sativa is known for its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and dermatological properties. Nevertheless, not enough studies on the antiviral effects of Nigella sativa against DENV are reported. The current study used several prediction techniques to anticipate the oral bioavailability of substances, druglikeness, and non-toxic and non-mutagenic effects which could lead to the development of novel, safer medications. Therefore, the current study was conducted to explore the inhibitory potential of 18 phytochemicals from Nigella sativa against two important enzymes of dengue virus i.e., NS2B/NS3 and NS5. Promising results have been observed for NS2B/NS3 with Taraxerol (-9.1 kcal mol-1), isoquercetin (8.4 kcal mol-1), apigenin, and stigmasterol (-8.3 kcal mol-1). Similarly, NS5 has shown favorable outcomes with apigenin (-9.9 kcal mol-1), rutin (-9.3 kcal mol-1), nigellicine (-9.1 kcal mol-1), and stigmasterol (-8.8 kcal mol-1). MD simulations validated the structural flexibility of the NS2B/NS3-taraxerol and NS5-apigenin docking complexes based on an RMSF value below 5 Å. The study concluded that among the understudied phytocomponents of N. sativa, apigenin, nigellicine, nigellidine, dithymoquinone, taraxerol, campesterol, cycloeucalenol, stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol have been revealed as potential drug candidates, expected to show antiviral activity and promising drug likeliness. Phytochemicals on the short list may serve as inspiration for the creation of new drugs in the future. Further in vitro examination will assist in elucidating the molecular complexity of therapeutic and antiviral capabilities, opening several opportunities for researchers to identify novel medications throughout the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamuna Mukhtar
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H-12 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Haris Ahmed Khan
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H-12 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mianwali 42200 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Najam Us Sahar Sadaf Zaidi
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H-12 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
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Sasson E, Agazani O, Malka E, Reches M, Margel S. Engineered Cross-Linked Silane with Urea Polymer Thin Durable Coatings onto Polymeric Films for Controlled Antiviral Release of Activated Chlorine and Essential Oils. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050270. [PMID: 37233380 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced a pandemic attributed to SARS-CoV-2, a novel beta-coronavirus, which spread widely from China. As a result, the need for antiviral surfaces has increased significantly. Here, the preparation and characterization of new antiviral coatings on polycarbonate (PC) for controlled release of activated chlorine (Cl+) and thymol separately and combined are described. Thin coatings were prepared by polymerization of 1-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] urea (TMSPU) in ethanol/water basic solution by modified Stöber polymerization, followed by spreading the formed dispersion onto surface-oxidized PC film using a Mayer rod with appropriate thickness. Activated Cl-releasing coating was prepared by chlorination of the PC/SiO2-urea film with NaOCl through the urea amide groups to form a Cl-amine derivatized coating. Thymol releasing coating was prepared by linking thymol to TMSPU or its polymer via hydrogen bonds between thymol hydroxyl and urea amide groups. The activity towards T4 bacteriophage and canine coronavirus (CCV) was measured. PC/SiO2-urea-thymol enhanced bacteriophage persistence, while PC/SiO2-urea-Cl reduced its amount by 84%. Temperature-dependent release is presented. Surprisingly, the combination of thymol and chlorine had an improved antiviral activity, reducing the amount of both viruses by four orders of magnitude, indicating synergistic activity. For CCV, coating with only thymol was inactive, while SiO2-urea-Cl reduced it below a detectable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisheva Sasson
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA) and Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Omer Agazani
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Eyal Malka
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA) and Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Meital Reches
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Shlomo Margel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA) and Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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Bogoyavlenskiy A, Alexyuk M, Alexyuk P, Berezin V, Almalki FA, Ben Hadda T, Alqahtani AM, Ahmed SA, Dall'Acqua S, Jamalis J. Computer Analysis of the Inhibition of ACE2 by Flavonoids and Identification of Their Potential Antiviral Pharmacophore Site. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093766. [PMID: 37175179 PMCID: PMC10179817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activities of 17 flavonoids as natural products. These derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activities against HIV and SARS-CoV-2. Their antiviral activity was evaluated for the first time based on POM (Petra/Osiris/Molispiration) theory and docking analysis. POM calculation was used to analyze the atomic charge and geometric characteristics. The side effects, drug similarities, and drug scores were also assumed for the stable structure of each compound. These results correlated with the experimental values. The bioinformatics POM analyses of the relative antiviral activities of these derivatives are reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Alexyuk
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Pavel Alexyuk
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Berezin
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Faisal A Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Alaa M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
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11
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Li Z, Wang Y, Xu Q, Ma J, Li X, Yan J, Tian Y, Wen Y, Chen T. Nigella sativa and health outcomes: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1107750. [PMID: 37057067 PMCID: PMC10086143 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1107750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNigella sativa (N. sativa) consumption has been associated with various health outcomes; however, the results are not completely consistent.ObjectivesThis overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses aimed to evaluate the reporting and methodological quality, and to grade the available evidence of associations between N. sativa and health outcomes.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from their inception to September 30, 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 statement, Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 checklist, and Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) systems were used to assess the reporting, methodological, and evidence quality for each meta-analysis, respectively. The results were synthesized in a narrative form.ResultsThis overview included 20 eligible meta-analyses published in peer-reviewed journals between 2013 and 2021. The overall methodological quality was relatively poor, with only one moderate quality, four low quality, and 15 critically low quality studies. For reporting quality, items two, five, eight, nine, 15, and 24 need to improve. Among the 110 outcome indicators of the quality of evidence, five were graded as moderate, 17 as low, and 88 as very low. Risk of bias, inconsistency, and imprecision were the main downgrading factors.ConclusionThis overview suggests that N. sativa is beneficial for various clinical outcomes. However, there are certain limitations to reporting and methodological quality. The clinical efficacy of N. sativa requires confirmation in high-quality, large-sample, randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxin Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yandong Wen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Antiviral Molecular Targets of Essential Oils against SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review. Sci Pharm 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm91010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are potential therapeutics for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in which some of the volatile compounds of essential oils have been well known for their broad antiviral activities. These therapeutic candidates have been shown to regulate the excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which underlies the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. We aimed to identify molecular targets of essential oils in disrupting the cell entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2, hence being active as antivirals. Literature searches were performed on PubMed, Scopus, Scillit, and CaPlus/SciFinder (7 December 2022) with a truncated title implying the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of essential oil. Data were collected from the eligible studies and described narratively. Quality appraisal was performed on the included studies. A total of eight studies were included in this review; four of which used enzyme inhibition assay, one—pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 culture; two—whole SARS-CoV-2 culture; and one—ACE2-expressing cancer cells. Essential oils may prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting its receptors on the cells (ACE2 and TMPRSS2). Menthol, 1,8-cineole, and camphor are among the volatile compounds which serve as potential ACE2 blockers. β-caryophyllene may selectively target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inhibit viral entry. Other interactions with SARS-CoV-2 proteases and RdRp are observed based on molecular docking. In conclusion, essential oils could target proteins related to the SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication. Further studies with improved and uniform study designs should be carried out to optimize essential oils as COVID-19 therapies.
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13
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Refaey MS, A A Fayed M, Kutkat O, Moatasim Y, Sameh Tolba N, Anis A, Elshorbagy AM, Nassar K, A M Abouzid K, A M M Elshaier Y, El-Badawy MF. Bio-guided chemical characterization and nano-formulation studies of selected edible volatile oils with potentials antibacterial and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities. ARAB J CHEM 2023; 16:104813. [PMID: 36969951 PMCID: PMC10023207 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has opened the door to potential threats of the respiratory system. The discovery of drugs from natural sources is one of the most important strategies for treating the upper respiratory tract. In this study, we investigated the selected formulated EOs activities against Gram-negative (E. coli, K. pneumonia, and P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (S. aureus, E. fecalis) bacteria and against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the mode of action investigated as anti-SARS-CoV-2. Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Syzygium aromaticum EOs were the most promising antibacterial oils. C. zeylanicum EO showed MIC values of 1, 1, 2, ≤0.5, and 8 µg/mL against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. fecalis, respectively, while S. aromaticum EO showed MIC values of 8, 4, 32, 8, 32 µg/mL against the same organisms. The cytotoxic activity of the oil samples was tested in VERO-E6 cells using (MTT) assay and showed that the safest oil was F. vulgare, then L. nobilis, C. carvi, S. aromaticum, and E. globulus. The most potent antiviral EOs were C. zeylanicum oil and S. aromaticum, with IC50 value of 15.16 and 96.5 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the safety index of S. aromaticum EO (26.3) was greater than the oil of C. zeylanicum (7.25). The mechanism by which C. zeylanicum oil exerts its antiviral activity may involve both the virucidal effect and its impact on viral reproduction. The nano-emulsion dosage form of the potent EOs was prepared and re-examined against the same bacterial and viral strains. Finally, the chemical characterization of these promising essential oils was analyzed and identified using the GC-MS approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the in vitro investigation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of these selected essential oils, along with a proposed mechanism for the potent oil's activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Marwa A A Fayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yassmin Moatasim
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Nahla Sameh Tolba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Anis Anis
- Department of Pathology, faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elshorbagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Khloud Nassar
- Department of biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F El-Badawy
- Microbiology and immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
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14
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M. A. Kawsar S, Hosen MA, Ahmad S, El Bakri Y, Laaroussi H, Ben Hadda T, Almalki FA, Ozeki Y, Goumri-Said S. Potential SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors of cytidine derivatives: Molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, ADMET, and POM analyses for the identification of pharmacophore sites. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273256. [PMID: 36441684 PMCID: PMC9704642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the optimum targets for antiviral drug design and development. The hydroxyl groups of cytidine structures were modified with different aliphatic and aromatic groups to obtain 5´-O-acyl and 2´,3´-di-O-acyl derivatives, and then, these derivatives were employed in molecular modeling, antiviral prediction, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, pharmacological and POM studies. Density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G++ level analyzed biochemical behavior and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) of the modified cytidine derivatives. The antiviral parameters of the mutated derivatives revealed promising drug properties compared with those of standard antiviral drugs. Molecular docking has determined binding affinities and interactions between the cytidine derivatives and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. The modified derivatives strongly interacted with prime Pro620 and Lys621 residues. The binding conformation and interactions stability were investigated by 200 ns of molecular dynamics simulations and predicted the compounds to firmly dock inside the RdRp binding pocket. Interestingly, the binding residues of the derivatives were revealed in high equilibrium showing an enhanced binding affinity for the molecules. Intermolecular interactions are dominated by both Van der Waals and electrostatic energies. Finally, the pharmacokinetic characterization of the optimized inhibitors confirmed the safety of derivatives due to their improved kinetic properties. The selected cytidine derivatives can be suggested as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. The POM Theory supports the hypothesis above by confirming the existence of an antiviral (Oδ--O'δ-) pharmacophore site of Hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarkar M. A. Kawsar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry (LCNC), University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (SMAK); (YEB); (SGS)
| | - Mohammed A. Hosen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry (LCNC), University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Youness El Bakri
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- * E-mail: (SMAK); (YEB); (SGS)
| | - Hamid Laaroussi
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Umm AlQura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A. Almalki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Umm AlQura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- School of Sciences, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Souraya Goumri-Said
- Physics Department, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail: (SMAK); (YEB); (SGS)
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15
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Dalli M, Daoudi NE, Abrigach F, Azizi SE, Bnouham M, Kim B, Gseyra N. In vitro α-amylase and hemoglobin glycation inhibitory potential of Nigella sativa essential oil, and molecular docking studies of its principal components. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036129. [PMID: 36339531 PMCID: PMC9631318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa is plant that is endowed with various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and immunostimulant. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic activity of the N. sativa essential oil on two key enzymes the α-amylase and hemoglobin glycation. After the extraction procedure, the N. sativa essential oil, were subject to qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis using GC/MS, for the identification of the different bioactive compounds. This was followed by an evaluation of the in vitro inhibition capacity of the α-amylase and the hemoglobin glycation. Finally, a molecular docking study was conducted to determine the bioactive compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity. The extracted essential oil showed the presence of different bioactive compounds including α-phellandrene (29.6%), β-cymene (23.8%), 4-caranol (9.7%), thymol (7%). The N. sativa essential oil was found to be endowed with an antiradical scavenging activity with an IC50 of (7.81 ± 0.08 mg/ml), and to have a ferric reducing activity with an IC50 value of (7.53 ± 0.11 mg/ml). The IC50 value for the α-amylase inhibitory activity was 0.809 mg/ml, indicating an inhibitory impact of the enzyme. The IC50 value for the N. sativa essential oil’s hemoglobin antiglycation activity was 0.093 mg/ml. For most predominating phytochemicals present in the N. sativa essential oil, molecular docking studies against human pancreatic α-amylase and human hemoglobin enzymes revealed that these compounds can serve as lead molecules to develop new antidiabetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Dalli, ; Bonglee Kim ,
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Farid Abrigach
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Salah-eddine Azizi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Dalli, ; Bonglee Kim ,
| | - Nadia Gseyra
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
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16
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Ramalingam A, Kuppusamy M, Sambandam S, Medimagh M, Oyeneyin OE, Shanmugasundaram A, Issaoui N, Ojo ND. Synthesis, spectroscopic, topological, hirshfeld surface analysis, and anti-covid-19 molecular docking investigation of isopropyl 1-benzoyl-4-(benzoyloxy)-2,6-diphenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10831. [PMID: 36211997 PMCID: PMC9526874 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Isopropyl 1-benzoyl-4-(benzoyloxy)-2,6-diphenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate (IDPC) was synthesized and characterized via spectroscopic (FT-IR and NMR) techniques. Hirshfeld surface and topological analyses were conducted to study structural and molecular properties. The energy gap (Eg), frontier orbital energies (EHOMO, ELUMO) and reactivity parameters (like chemical hardness and global hardness) were calculated using density functional theory with B3LYP/6–311++G (d,p) level of theory. Molecular docking of IDPC at the active sites of SARS-COVID receptors was investigated. IDPC molecule crystallized in the centrosymmetric triclinic (P1¯) space group. The topological and Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed that covalent, non-covalent and intermolecular H-bonding interactions, and electron delocalization exist in the molecular framework. Higher binding score (-6.966 kcal/mol) of IDPC at the active site of SARS-COVID main protease compared to other proteases suggests that IDPC has the potential of blocking polyprotein maturation. H-bonding and π-cationic and interactions of the phenyl ring and carbonyl oxygen of the ligand indicate the effective inhibiting potential of the compound against the virus.
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17
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Kawsar SMA, Almalki FA, Hadd TB, Laaroussi H, Khan MAR, Hosen MA, Mahmud S, Aounti A, Maideen NMP, Heidarizadeh F, Soliman SSM. Potential antifungal activity of novel carbohydrate derivatives validated by POM, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations analyses. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2123948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarkar M. A. Kawsar
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Faisal A. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taibi Ben Hadd
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hamid Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Muhammad A. R. Khan
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A. Hosen
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, and The Shine –Dalgarno Centre for RNA Innovations, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Abdelouahed Aounti
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
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A Narrative Review on Various Oil Extraction Methods, Encapsulation Processes, Fatty Acid Profiles, Oxidative Stability, and Medicinal Properties of Black Seed (Nigella sativa). Foods 2022; 11:foods11182826. [PMID: 36140949 PMCID: PMC9498113 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current review investigates the effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) on human health, which is also used to encapsulate and oxidative stable in different food products. In recent decades, many extraction methods, such as cold pressing, supercritical fluid extraction, Soxhlet extraction, hydro distillation (HD) method, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction, steam distillation, and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) have been used to extract the oils from black seeds under optimal conditions. Black seed oil contains essential fatty acids, in which the major fatty acids are linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids. The oxidative stability of black seed oil is very low, due to various environmental conditions or factors (temperature and light) affecting the stability. The oxidative stability of black seed oil has been increased by using encapsulation methods, including nanoprecipitation, ultra-sonication, spray-drying, nanoprecipitation, electrohydrodynamic, atomization, freeze-drying, a electrospray technique, and coaxial electrospraying. Black seed, oil, microcapsules, and their components have been used in various food processing, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetics industries as functional ingredients for multiple purposes. Black seed and oil contain thymoquinone as a major component, which has anti-oxidant, -diabetic, -inflammatory, -cancer, -viral, and -microbial properties, due to its phenolic compounds. Many clinical and experimental studies have indicated that the black seed and their by-products can be used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, chronic cancer, diabetes, oxidative stress, polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic disorders, hypertension, asthma, and skin disorders. In this review, we are focusing on black seed oil composition and increasing the stability using different encapsulation methods. It is used in various food products to increase the human nutrition and health properties.
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19
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Wang Z, Wang N, Yang L, Song XQ. Bioactive natural products in COVID-19 therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:926507. [PMID: 36059994 PMCID: PMC9438897 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.926507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The devastating COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than six million deaths worldwide during the last 2 years. Effective therapeutic agents are greatly needed, yet promising magic bullets still do not exist. Numerous natural products (cordycepin, gallinamide A, plitidepsin, telocinobufagin, and tylophorine) have been widely studied and play a potential function in treating COVID-19. In this paper, we reviewed published studies (from May 2021 to April 2022) relating closely to bioactive natural products (isolated from medicinal plants, animals products, and marine organisms) in COVID-19 therapy in vitro to provide some essential guidance for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonglei Wang, ; Liyan Yang, ; Xian-qing Song,
| | - Ning Wang
- General Surgery Department, Ningbo Fourth Hospital, Xiangshan, China
| | - Liyan Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonglei Wang, ; Liyan Yang, ; Xian-qing Song,
| | - Xian-qing Song
- General Surgery Department, Ningbo Fourth Hospital, Xiangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonglei Wang, ; Liyan Yang, ; Xian-qing Song,
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20
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Akkoc S, Karatas H, Muhammed MT, Kökbudak Z, Ceylan A, Almalki F, Laaroussi H, Ben Hadda T. Drug design of new therapeutic agents: molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, DFT and POM analyses of new Schiff base ligands and impact of substituents on bioactivity of their potential antifungal pharmacophore site. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-14. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senem Akkoc
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Halis Karatas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Muhammed Tilahun Muhammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Zülbiye Kökbudak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ceylan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Faisal Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Almukkarramah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Almukkarramah, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
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Anowar Hosen M, Sultana Munia N, Al-Ghorbani M, Baashen M, Almalki FA, Ben Hadda T, Ali F, Mahmud S, Abu Saleh M, Laaroussi H, Kawsar SMA. Synthesis, antimicrobial, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of lauroyl thymidine analogs against SARS-CoV-2: POM study and identification of the pharmacophore sites. Bioorg Chem 2022; 125:105850. [PMID: 35533581 PMCID: PMC9065685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside precursors and nucleoside analogs occupy an important place in the treatment of viral respiratory pathologies, especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic. From this perspective, the present study has been designed to explore and evaluate the synthesis and spectral characterisation of 5́-O-(lauroyl) thymidine analogs 2–6 with different aliphatic and aromatic groups through comprehensive in vitro antimicrobial screening, cytotoxicity assessment, physicochemical aspects, molecular docking and molecular dynamics analysis, along with pharmacokinetic prediction. A unimolar one-step lauroylation of thymidine under controlled conditions furnished the 5́-O-(lauroyl) thymidine and indicated the selectivity at C-5́ position and the development of thymidine based potential antimicrobial analogs, which were further converted into four newer 3́-O-(acyl)-5́-O-(lauroyl) thymidine analogs in reasonably good yields. The chemical structures of the newly synthesised analogs were ascertained by analysing their physicochemical, elemental, and spectroscopic data. In vitro antimicrobial tests against five bacteria and two fungi, along with the prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS), indicated promising antibacterial functionality for these thymidine analogs compared to antifungal activity. In support of this observation, molecular docking experiments have been performed against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, and significant binding affinities and non-bonding interactions were observed against the main protease (6LU7, 6Y84 and 7BQY), considering hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as standard. Moreover, the 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation process was performed to monitor the behaviour of the complex structure formed by the main protease under in silico physiological conditions to examine its stability over time, and this revealed a stable conformation and binding pattern in a stimulating environment of thymidine analogs. Cytotoxicity determination confirmed that compounds were found less toxic. Pharmacokinetic predictions were investigated to evaluate their absorption, distribution, metabolism and toxic properties, and the combination of pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness predictions has shown promising results in silico. The POM analysis shows the presence of an antiviral (O1δ-, O2δ-) pharmacophore site. Overall, the current study should be of great help in the development of thymidine-based, novel, multiple drug-resistant antimicrobial and COVID-19 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Anowar Hosen
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Nasrin Sultana Munia
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Al-Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Baashen
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Humanities College, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ferdausi Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Chittagong, V, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Saleh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Hamid Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sarkar M A Kawsar
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
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22
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Bio-Guided Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors from Medicinal Plants: In Vitro Assay and Molecular Dynamics. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151914. [PMID: 35893619 PMCID: PMC9332707 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the discovery of antiviral phytoconstituents from medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 has been comprehensively researched. In this study, thirty-three plants belonging to seventeen different families used traditionally in Saudi Arabia were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPRO). Major constituents of the bio-active extracts were isolated and tested for their inhibition potential against this enzyme; in addition, their antiviral activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Egyptian strain was assessed. Further, the thermodynamic stability of the best active compounds was studied through focused comparative insights for the active metabolites regarding ligand–target binding characteristics at the molecular level. Additionally, the obtained computational findings provided useful directions for future drug optimization and development. The results revealed that Psiadia punctulata, Aframomum melegueta, and Nigella sativa extracts showed a high percentage of inhibition of 66.4, 58.7, and 31.5%, against SARS-CoV-2 MPRO, respectively. The major isolated constituents of these plants were identified as gardenins A and B (from P. punctulata), 6-gingerol and 6-paradol (from A. melegueta), and thymoquinone (from N. sativa). These compounds are the first to be tested invitro against SARS-CoV-2 MPRO. Among the isolated compounds, only thymoquinone (THY), gardenin A (GDA), 6-gingerol (GNG), and 6-paradol (PAD) inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 MPRO enzyme with inhibition percentages of 63.21, 73.80, 65.2, and 71.8%, respectively. In vitro assessment of SARS-CoV-2 (hCoV-19/Egypt/NRC-03/2020 (accession number on GSAID: EPI_ISL_430820) revealed a strong-to-low antiviral activity of the isolated compounds. THY showed relatively high cytotoxicity and was anti-SARS-CoV-2, while PAD demonstrated a cytotoxic effect on the tested VERO cells with a selectivity index of CC50/IC50 = 1.33 and CC50/IC50 = 0.6, respectively. Moreover, GNG had moderate activity at non-cytotoxic concentrations in vitro with a selectivity index of CC50/IC50 = 101.3/43.45 = 2.3. Meanwhile, GDA showed weak activity with a selectivity index of CC50/IC50 = 246.5/83.77 = 2.9. The thermodynamic stability of top-active compounds revealed preferential stability and SARS-CoV-2 MPRO binding affinity for PAD through molecular-docking-coupled molecular dynamics simulation. The obtained results suggest the treating potential of these plants and/or their active metabolites for COVID-19. However, further in-vivo and clinical investigations are required to establish the potential preventive and treatment effectiveness of these plants and/or their bio-active compounds in COVID-19.
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23
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Moin A, Huwaimel B, Alobaida A, Break MKB, Iqbal D, Unissa R, Jamal QMS, Hussain T, Sharma DC, Rizvi SMD. Dithymoquinone Analogues as Potential Candidate(s) for Neurological Manifestation Associated with COVID-19: A Therapeutic Strategy for Neuro-COVID. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071076. [PMID: 35888166 PMCID: PMC9323060 DOI: 10.3390/life12071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 era has prompted several researchers to search for a linkage between COVID-19 and its associated neurological manifestation. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) acts as one such connecting link. spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 can bind either to ACE-2 receptors or to TLR-4 receptors, leading to aggregation of α-synuclein and neurodegeneration via the activation of various cascades in neurons. Recently, dithymoquinone has been reported as a potent multi-targeting candidate against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, in the present study, dithymoquinone and its six analogues were explored to target 3CLpro (main protease of SARS-CoV-2), TLR4 and PREP (Prolyl Oligopeptidases) by using the molecular docking and dynamics approach. Dithymoquinone (DTQ) analogues were designed in order to investigate the effect of different chemical groups on its bioactivity. It is noteworthy to mention that attention was given to the feasibility of synthesizing these analogues by a simple photo-dimerisation reaction. The DTQ analogue containing the 4-fluoroaniline moiety [Compound (4)] was selected for further analysis by molecular dynamics after screening via docking-interaction analyses. A YASARA structure tool built on the AMBER14 force field was used to analyze the 100 ns trajectory by taking 400 snapshots after every 250 ps. Moreover, RMSD, RoG, potential energy plots were successfully obtained for each interaction. Molecular docking results indicated strong interaction of compound (4) with 3CLpro, TLR4 and PREP with a binding energy of -8.5 kcal/mol, -10.8 kcal/mol and -9.5 kcal/mol, respectively, which is better than other DTQ-analogues and control compounds. In addition, compound (4) did not violate Lipinski's rule and showed no toxicity. Moreover, molecular dynamic analyses revealed that the complex of compound (4) with target proteins was stable during the 100 ns trajectory. Overall, the results predicted that compound (4) could be developed into a potent anti-COVID agent with the ability to mitigate neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.); (R.U.)
| | - Bader Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (B.H.); (M.K.B.B.)
| | - Ahmed Alobaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.); (R.U.)
| | - Mohammed Khaled Bin Break
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (B.H.); (M.K.B.B.)
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rahamat Unissa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.); (R.U.)
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Talib Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (S.M.D.R.)
| | - Dinesh C. Sharma
- School of Life Sciences, The Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, Uttar Pradesh, India;
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Starex University, Gurugram 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.); (R.U.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (S.M.D.R.)
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24
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Chalkha M, Nakkabi A, Hadda TB, Berredjem M, Moussaoui AE, Bakhouch M, Saadi M, Ammari LE, Almalki FA, Laaroussi H, Jevtovic V, Yazidi ME. Crystallographic study, biological assessment and POM/Docking studies of pyrazoles-sulfonamide hybrids (PSH): Identification of a combined Antibacterial/Antiviral pharmacophore sites leading to in-silico screening the anti-Covid-19 activity. J Mol Struct 2022; 1267:133605. [PMID: 35782312 PMCID: PMC9237569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and development of new potent antimicrobial and antioxidant agents is an essential lever to protect living beings against pathogenic microorganisms and free radicals. In this regard, new functionalized pyrazoles have been synthesized using a simple and accessible approach. The synthesized aminobenzoylpyrazoles 3a-h and pyrazole-sulfonamides 4a-g were obtained in good yields and were evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined using IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. The structure of the compound 4b was further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results of the in vitro screening show that the synthesized pyrazoles 3 and 4 exhibit a promising antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Among the tested compounds, pyrazoles 3a, 3f, 4e, 4f, and 4g have exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against some microorganisms. In addition, compounds 3a, 3c, 3e, 4a, 4d, 4f, and 4g have shown a significant antioxidant activity in comparison with the standard butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). Hence, compounds 3a, 4f, and 4g represent interesting dual acting antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. In fact, pyrazole derivatives bearing sulfonamide moiety (4a-g) have displayed an important antimicrobial activity compared to pyrazoles 3a-h, this finding could be attributed to the synergistic effect of the pyrazole and sulfonamide pharmacophores. Furthermore, Molecular docking results revealed a good interaction of the synthesized compounds with the target proteins and provided important information about their interaction modes with the target enzyme. The results of the POM bioinformatics investigations (Petra, Osiris, Molinspiration) show that the studied heterocycles present a very good non toxicity profile, an excellent bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics. Finally, an antiviral pharmacophore (O δ−, O δ−) was evaluated in the POM investigations and deserves all our attention to be tested against Covid-19 and its Omicron and Delta mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Chalkha
- Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic and Molecular Materials and Environment (LIMOME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, Atlas, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Asmae Nakkabi
- Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic and Molecular Materials and Environment (LIMOME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, Atlas, Fez, 30000, Morocco
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, BP 11201, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Malika Berredjem
- Laboratoire de chimie organique appliquée (LCOA), Groupe de Synthèse de biomolécules et modélisation moléculaire, Université Badji-Mokhtar Annaba, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algérie
| | - Abdelfattah El Moussaoui
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bakhouch
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Saadi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux, Centres des Sciences des Matériaux, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP. 1014, 100090 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Lahcen El Ammari
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux, Centres des Sciences des Matériaux, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP. 1014, 100090 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Faisal A Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, MB 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Violeta Jevtovic
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El Yazidi
- Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic and Molecular Materials and Environment (LIMOME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, Atlas, Fez, 30000, Morocco
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25
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Nigella sativa L. and COVID-19: A Glance at The Anti-COVID-19 Chemical Constituents, Clinical Trials, Inventions, and Patent Literature. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092750. [PMID: 35566101 PMCID: PMC9105261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has had an impact on human quality of life and economics. Scientists have been identifying remedies for its prevention and treatment from all possible sources, including plants. Nigella sativa L. (NS) is an important medicinal plant of Islamic value. This review highlights the anti-COVID-19 potential, clinical trials, inventions, and patent literature related to NS and its major chemical constituents, like thymoquinone. The literature was collected from different databases, including Pubmed, Espacenet, and Patentscope. The literature supports the efficacy of NS, NS oil (NSO), and its chemical constituents against COVID-19. The clinical data imply that NS and NSO can prevent and treat COVID-19 patients with a faster recovery rate. Several inventions comprising NS and NSO have been claimed in patent applications to prevent/treat COVID-19. The patent literature cites NS as an immunomodulator, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, a source of anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds, and a plant having protective effects on the lungs. The available facts indicate that NS, NSO, and its various compositions have all the attributes to be used as a promising remedy to prevent, manage, and treat COVID-19 among high-risk people as well as for the therapy of COVID-19 patients of all age groups as a monotherapy or a combination therapy. Many compositions of NS in combination with countless medicinal herbs and medicines are still unexplored. Accordingly, the authors foresee a bright scope in developing NS-based anti-COVID-19 composition for clinical use in the future.
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