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Eom T, Choi JH, Kim J, Kim J, Unno T. Dichloromethane fraction of Citrus grandis induces apoptosis in a human colorectal cancer cell lines via apoptotic signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Herath KHINM, Cho J, Kim HJ, Dinh DTT, Kim HS, Ahn G, Jeon YJ, Jee Y. Polyphenol containing Sargassum horneri attenuated Th2 differentiation in splenocytes of ovalbumin-sensitised mice: involvement of the transcription factors GATA3/STAT5/NLRP3 in Th2 polarization. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1464-1472. [PMID: 34726583 PMCID: PMC8567878 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1992451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh (Sargassaceae) is a brown marine alga used in oriental medicine to treat allergic conditions. OBJECTIVE This study clarifies the effect of polyphenol-containing S. horneri ethanol extract (SHE) on T-helper type-2 (Th2) polarisation. MATERIALS AND METHODS All mice (BALB/c mice, n = 12) except in the healthy control group were first sensitised with an intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA; 20 µg) and alum (2 mg) on Day 0 and Day 14. Similarly, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was injected according to the same schedule into the healthy control mice. After the final administration, splenocytes were obtained. OVA sensitised mice were challenged with OVA (100 µg/mL) in the absence or presence (62.5 and 125 µg/mL) of SHE while healthy control group remained untreated. RESULTS SHE (0-1000 µg/mL) was not cytotoxic to splenocytes and demonstrated IC50 values of 3.27 and 3.92 mg/mL, respectively, at 24 and 48 h of incubation. SHE suppressed cell proliferation at concentrations ≥62.5 µg/mL. SHE treatment (125 µg/mL) subdued (by 1.8-fold) the population expansion of CD3+CD4+ helper T cells induced by OVA challenge. SHE attenuated the OVA-induced activation of respective transcription factors GATA3 and NLRP3. Simultaneously, highly elevated levels of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 caused by OVA stimulation were removed completely and IL-13 suppressed by 1.5-fold. CONCLUSIONS SHE exhibits Th2 immune suppression under OVA stimulation via GATA3- and NLRP3-dependent IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 suppression. Therefore, SHE could be therapeutically useful for alleviating the symptoms of allergen-mediated immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinhee Cho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Duong Thi Thuy Dinh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngheun Jee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Anmol RJ, Marium S, Hiew FT, Han WC, Kwan LK, Wong AKY, Khan F, Sarker MMR, Chan SY, Kifli N, Ming LC. Phytochemical and Therapeutic Potential of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck: A Review. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 26:2515690X211043741. [PMID: 34657477 PMCID: PMC8527587 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x211043741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus grandis or Citrus maxima, widely
recognized as Pomelo is widely cultivated in many countries because of their
large amounts of functional, nutraceutical and biological activities. In
traditional medicine, various parts of this plant including leaf, pulp and peel
are used for generations as they are scientifically proven to have therapeutic
potentials and safe for human use. The main objective of this study was to
review the different therapeutic applications of Citrus grandis
and the phytochemicals associated with its medicinal values. In this article
different pharmacological properties like antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiepileptic, stomach tonic, cardiac stimulant,
cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anti-diabetic activities of
the plant are highlighted. The enrichment of the fruit with flavonoids,
polyphenols, coumarins, limonoids, acridone alkaloids, essential oils and
vitamins mainly helps in exhibiting the pharmacological activities within the
body. The vitamins enriched fruit is rich in nutritional value and also has
minerals like calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium, which helps in
maintaining the proper health and growth of the bones as well as the electrolyte
balance of the body. To conclude, various potential therapeutic effects of
Citrus grandis have been demonstrated in recent literature.
Further studies on various parts of fruit, including pulp, peel, leaf, seed and
it essential oil could unveil additional pharmacological activities which can be
beneficial to the mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusat Jahin Anmol
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabnam Marium
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fei Tsong Hiew
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Chien Han
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Lee Kuan Kwan
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Alicia Khai Yeen Wong
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Farzana Khan
- Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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Summary of Natural Products Ameliorate Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury: Structures, Sources, Pharmacological Effects, and Mechanisms of Action. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020228. [PMID: 33503905 PMCID: PMC7910830 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases represent a threat to human health and are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive and chronic hepatic inflammatory disease, which may lead to severe complications. Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatic injury is regarded as an appropriate experimental model for investigating the pathology and mechanisms involved in liver injury mediated by immune cells as well as T cell-related liver disease. Despite the advances in modern medicine, the only available strategies to treat AIH, include the use of steroids either solely or with immunosuppressant drugs. Unfortunately, this currently available treatment is associated with significant side-effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and effective drugs to replace and/or supplement those in current use. Natural products have been utilized for treating liver disorders and have become a promising therapy for various liver disorders. In this review, the natural compounds and herbal formulations as well as extracts and/or fractions with protection against liver injury caused by Con A and the underlying possible mechanism(s) of action are reviewed. A total of 53 compounds from different structural classes are discussed and over 97 references are cited. The goal of this review is to attract the interest of pharmacologists, natural product researchers, and synthetic chemists for discovering novel drug candidates for treating immune-mediated liver injury.
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Sanjeewa KKA, Jayawardena TU, Kim SY, Lee HG, Je JG, Jee Y, Jeon YJ. Sargassum horneri (Turner) inhibit urban particulate matter-induced inflammation in MH-S lung macrophages via blocking TLRs mediated NF-κB and MAPK activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112363. [PMID: 31678416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sargassum horneri is a nutrient rich edible brown seaweed with numerous biological properties found in shallow coastal areas of Korean peninsula. S. horneri traditionally used as a medicinal ingredient to treat several disease conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, and inflammatory diseases (furuncle). However, to utilize S. horneri as an active ingredient for functional foods and human health applications requires to conform the bioactive properties and underlying mechanisms of those activities. AIM OF THE STUDY Here, we investigated anti-inflammatory mechanisms of commercial grade 70% ethanol extract separated from S. horneri (SHE) on inflammatory response in particulate matter (PM)-induced MH-S lung macrophages; where PM in breathable air one of the major health concern in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared the anti-inflammatory effects of SHE on the activity of toll-like receptors (TLR) activation, NF-κB, MAPKs, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in MH-S lung macrophages exposed to PM as a lung inflammation model. RESULTS According to the results, PM-stimulation, induced the levels of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX2 (P < 0.05) in MH-S macrophages. In addition, phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and MAPKs were also increased with the PM stimulation through the upregulated expression of TLR. However, SHE treatment significantly repressed the secretions of inflammatory cytokines and reduced protein expression such as PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, NF-κB, and MAPKs from PM-activated macrophages. Specifically, SHE inhibited the upregulated mRNA expression levels of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 in PM-induced MH-S cells; known biomarkers of downstream activation of NF-κB and MAPKs. CONCLUSION These results suggested that SHE is a potential inhibitor of PM-induced inflammatory responses in lung macrophages. Thus, SHE could inhibit PM-induced chronic inflammation in lungs via blocking TLR/NF-κB/MAPKs signal transduction. Therefore, it was concluded that SHE may be a useful substance to develop as functional product to reduce inflammation against PM-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
| | - Thilina U Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
| | - Seo-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea; Korea Basic Science Institute, Gib-Hyun-Kwan, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, South Korea.
| | - Hyo Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
| | - Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
| | - Youngheun Jee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, South Korea.
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Li J, Duan M, Yao X, Tian D, Tang J. Prenylated benzenepropanoic acid analogues from the Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck and their anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Fitoterapia 2019; 139:104410. [PMID: 31707127 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical studies of the air-dried pericarp of Citrus grandis led to the isolation of four new compounds including three prenylated benzenepropanoic acids (2, 3 and 5) and one alkamidic glycoside (6), together with ten known compounds (1, 4 and 7-14). The structures of these compounds were determined by the NMR spectroscopy, optical rotation data and modified Mosher's method. Meanwhile, the anti-neuroinflammatory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated by detecting the production of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. The results showed that compounds 1, 2, 5 and 13 exhibited strong inhibition effects on NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Mechanistically, compounds 1, 2 and 5 could suppress the expressions of iNOS. In addition, compounds 1, 2 and 5 also showed obvious inhibition effects on COX-2 expression, another vital enzyme in the inflammation process, in LPS-treated BV2 cells. These findings shed light on the potent anti-neuroinflammatory effects of Citrus grandis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglong Duan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Standard Material in Natural Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Xiangxue Pharmaceutical Ltd. Co., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Danmei Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinshan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Herath KHINM, Cho J, Kim A, Kim HS, Han EJ, Kim HJ, Kim MS, Ahn G, Jeon YJ, Jee Y. Differential modulation of immune response and cytokine profiles of Sargassum horneri ethanol extract in murine spleen with or without Concanavalin A stimulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 110:930-942. [PMID: 30572197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The health benefit of brown seaweeds has been proclaimed for centuries, particularly in Asian countries. A brown seaweed Sargassum horneri has been suggested to have immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory/immune-regulatory effects, but their mechanism is still elusive. This study researches the immunological effect of 70% ethanol extract of S. horneri (SHE) on unstimulated and Con A-stimulated murine splenocytes. When treated alone, SHE had an immune stimulatory effect on CD3e+ CD4+ T-helper cells, CD3e+ CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD45+ CD11b+ macrophages, Ly-6C+ Ly-6 G+ granulocytes, and Ly6 G- Ly6Clow eosinophils. Furthermore, SHE enhanced wide spectrum of Th cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ (Th1), IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 (Th2), and IL-6 (Th17), which also stimulated the macrophage polarizing cytokines and enhanced macrophage derived cytokine secretion. SHE in Con A (5 μg/mL) stimulated cells decreased T-helper, cytotoxic T cells, granulocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes. These results signify the potential immuno-modulatory effect of SHE which can be developed as a therapeutic agent in immuno-compromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinhee Cho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Han
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Ju Kim
- Seojin Biotech Co.Ltd, Acedongbaek Tower, 1-501∼504, 16-4, Dongbaekjungang-ro, 16 beon-gil, Gieung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17015, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Kim
- Department of Biology and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngheun Jee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Camponogara C, Silva CR, Brusco I, Piana M, Faccin H, de Carvalho LM, Schuch A, Trevisan G, Oliveira SM. Nasturtium officinale R. Br. effectively reduces the skin inflammation induced by croton oil via glucocorticoid receptor-dependent and NF-κB pathways without causing toxicological effects in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:190-204. [PMID: 30339978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inflammatory skin diseases treatments currently used cause adverse effects. Nasturtium officinale (watercress) is used popularly as an anti-inflammatory. However, until now, no study proved its effectiveness as a topical treatment to inflammatory skin diseases. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of N. officinale crude extract leaves (NoE) on an irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) model croton oil-induced in mice was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICD models were induced by a single (1 mg/ear; acute) or repeated (0.4 mg/ear; chronic; 9 days total) croton oil application. NoE and dexamethasone solutions' (diluted in acetone; 20 μL/ear) or NoE gel, dexamethasone gel and base gel (15 mg/ear) were topically applied immediately after croton oil application. The NoE topical anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated for inflammatory parameters (ear edema, inflammatory cells infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines levels). NoE topical anti-inflammatory mechanism (NF-κB pathway and effect glucocorticoid-like) were assessed by western blot and ear edema analyses, respectively. UHPLC-MS/MS chromatography, gels accelerated stability and preliminary study of adverse effects was also performed. RESULTS UHPLC-MS/MS of the NoE revealed the presence of coumaric acid, rutin, and ferulic acid. NoE gels stability study showed no relevant changes at low temperature. NoE, dexamethasone, NoE gel and dexamethasone gel inhibited the ear edema croton oil-induced by 82 ± 6% (1 mg/ear), 99 ± 1% (0.1 mg/ear), 81 ± 8% (3%) and 70 ± 6% (0.5%) for the acute model, and 49 ± 7% (1 mg/ear), 80 ± 4% (0.1 mg/ear), 41 ± 8% (3%) and 46 ± 14% (0.5%) for the chronic model, respectively. The same treatments also reduced the inflammatory cells infiltration by 62 ± 3% (1 mg/ear), 97 ± 2% (0.1 mg/ear), 60 ± 3% (3%) and 66 ± 6% (0.5%) for the acute model, respectively, and 25 ± 8% (1 mg/ear) to NoE and 83 ± 13% to dexamethasone to the chronic model. NoE and NoE gel reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels (acute ICD model) by 62 ± 5% and 71 ± 3% (MIP-2) and 32 ± 3% and 44 ± 4% (IL-1β), while dexamethasone solution's and gel reduced by 79 ± 7% and 44 ± 4% to MIP-2 and 98 ± 2% and 83 ± 9% to IL-1β, respectively. NoE' and dexamethasone' solutions inhibited the reduction of IkB-α protein expression induced by croton oil by 100% and 80 ± 14%, respectively. Besides, the mifepristone (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) pre-treatment prevented the topical anti-edematogenic effect of NoE' and dexamethasone' solutions by 61 ± 5% to NoE and 78 ± 16% to dexamethasone. The repeated topical application of NoE did not cause adverse effects. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the N. officinale use in the cutaneous inflammatory process treatment and demonstrate the NoE potential to develop a promising topical anti-inflammatory agent to treat inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Camponogara
- Laboratory Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cássia R Silva
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Indiara Brusco
- Laboratory Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Piana
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Faccin
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - André Schuch
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Laboratory Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Maurya AK, Mohanty S, Pal A, Chanotiya CS, Bawankule DU. The essential oil from Citrus limetta Risso peels alleviates skin inflammation: In-vitro and in-vivo study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 212:86-94. [PMID: 29055721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citrus fruit peels are traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of skin disorders but it lacks proper pharmacological intervention. Citrus limetta Risso (Rutaceae) is an important commercial fruit crops used by juice processing industries in all continents. Ethnopharmacological validation of an essential oil isolated from its peels may play a key role in converting the fruit waste materials into therapeutic value added products. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the chemical and pharmacological (in-vitro and in-vivo) profile of essential oil isolated from Citrus limetta peels (Clp-EO) against skin inflammation for its ethnopharmacological validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hydro-distilled essential oil extracted from Citrus limetta peels (Clp-EO) was subjected to gas chromatography (GC) analysis for identification of essential oil constituents and its anti-inflammatory evaluation through in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS Chemical fingerprint of Clp-EO revealed the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbon and limonene is the major component. Pre-treatment of Clp-EO to the macrophages was able to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) in LPS-induced inflammation as well as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In in-vivo study, topical application of Clp-EO was also able to reduce the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear thickness, ear weight, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokines production and ameliorate the histological damage in the ear tissue. In-vitro and in-vivo toxicity study indicate that it is safe for topical application on skin. CONCLUSION These findings suggested the preventive potential of Clp-EO for the treatment of inflammation linked skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Maurya
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Department of Biotechnology, Sai Nath University, Ranchi 835219, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Dnyaneshawar Umrao Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India.
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