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Sharma S, Chaurasia S, Dinday S, Srivastava G, Singh A, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. High-level biosynthesis of enantiopure germacrene D in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:50. [PMID: 38183482 PMCID: PMC10789846 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12885-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Germacrene D, a sesquiterpenoid compound found mainly in plant essential oils at a low level as (+) and/or (-) enantiomeric forms, is an ingredient for the fragrance industry, but a process for the sustainable supply of enantiopure germacrene D is not yet established. Here, we demonstrate metabolic engineering in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) achieving biosynthesis of enantiopure germacrene D at a high titer. To boost farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) flux for high-level germacrene D biosynthesis, a background yeast chassis (CENses5C) was developed by genomic integration of the expression cassettes for eight ergosterol pathway enzymes that sequentially converted acetyl-CoA to FPP and by replacing squalene synthase promoter with a copper-repressible promoter, which restricted FPP flux to the competing pathway. Galactose-induced expression of codon-optimized plant germacrene D synthases led to 13-30 fold higher titers of (+) or (-)-germacrene D in CENses5C than the parent strain CEN.PK2.1C. Furthermore, genomic integration of germacrene D synthases in GAL80, LPP1 and rDNA loci generated CENses8(+D) and CENses8(-D) strains, which produced 41.36 µg/ml and 728.87 µg/ml of (+) and (-)-germacrene D, respectively, without galactose supplementation. Moreover, coupling of mitochondrial citrate pool to the cytosolic acetyl-CoA, by expressing a codon-optimized ATP-citrate lyase of oleaginous yeast, resulted in 137.71 µg/ml and 815.81 µg/ml of (+) or (-)-germacrene D in CENses8(+D)* and CENses8(-D)* strains, which were 67-120 fold higher titers than in CEN.PK2.1C. In fed-batch fermentation, CENses8(+D)* and CENses8(-D)* produced 290.28 µg/ml and 2519.46 µg/ml (+) and (-)-germacrene D, respectively, the highest titers in shake-flask fermentation achieved so far. KEY POINTS: • Engineered S. cerevisiae produced enantiopure (+) and (-)-germacrene D at high titers • Engineered strain produced up to 120-fold higher germacrene D than the parental strain • Highest titers of enantiopure (+) and (-)-germacrene D achieved so far in shake-flask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubha Sharma
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Seema Chaurasia
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sandeep Dinday
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Gaurav Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anamika Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Gupta P, Dhawan SS, Lal RK, Mishra A, Chanotiya CS. Low-temperature perception and modulations in Ocimum basilicum commercial cultivar CIM-Shishir: Biosynthetic potential with insight towards climate-smart resilience. Gene 2024; 896:148041. [PMID: 38036074 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The newly released interspecific hybrid variety CIM-Shishir, resulting from a cross between Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum kilimandscharicum claims to be a multicut, lodging resistant, cold tolerant, high essential oil yielding with linalool rich variety. It has a purple-green stem and has a unique feature and advantage of better survival in the winter season than other O. basilicum varieties, illustrating its physiological mechanisms for cold tolerance. In this study, we subjected both the CIM-Shishir variety and a control plant to cold stress to investigate the impact of low temperatures on various physiological, trichome developments, secondary metabolite constitution aspects related to essential oil production, and gene expression. The analysis revealed a significantly higher density and altered morphology of trichomes on the leaf surface of the variety subjected to low temperatures, indicating its adaptation to cold conditions. Furthermore, when comparing the treated plants under low-temperature stress, it was observed that the relative electrolyte leakage and Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents substantially increased in the control in contrast to the CIM-Shishir variety. This finding suggests that CIM-Shishir exhibits superior cold tolerance. Additionally, an increase in proline content was noted in the variety exposed to low temperatures compared to the control. Moreover, the chlorophyll and anthocyanin content gradually increased with prolonged exposure to low-temperature stress in the newly developed variety, indicating its ability to maintain photosynthetic capacity and adapt to cold conditions. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) also increased under low-temperature conditions in the CIM-Shishir variety, further highlighting its cold tolerance behaviour. In our research, we investigated the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of cold response in Ocimum. We analyzed the expression of key genes associated with cold tolerance in two plant groups: the newly developed hybrid variety known as CIM-Shishir Ocimum, which exhibits cold tolerance, and the control plants susceptible to cold climates that include WRKY53, ICE1, HOS1, COR47, LOS15, DREB5, CBF4, LTI6, KIN, and ERD2. These genes exhibited significantly higher expression levels in the CIM-Shishir variety compared to the control, shedding light on the genetic basis of its cold tolerance. The need for climate-smart, resilient high-yielding genotype is of high importance due to varied climatic conditions as this will hit the yield drastically and further to the economic sectors including farmers and many industries that are dependent on the bioactive constituents of Ocimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankhuri Gupta
- CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sunita Singh Dhawan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226016, India.
| | - R K Lal
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Anand Mishra
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - C S Chanotiya
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
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Chanotiya CS, Pant Y, Lal RK, Kumar P, Kumar P, Bawitlung L, Semwal M, Trivedi PK, Pal A. Radiocarbon ( 14C) accelerator mass spectrometry as a convenient tool for differentiation of flavor chemicals of synthetic origin from biobased sources and their in-vivo toxicity assessment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168357. [PMID: 37951255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants are known to be the natural factory for the production of flavor chemicals. Essential oils comprised of aldehyde as a functional group are potent in deciphering flavor effects in beverages and fresh and prepared food products. In the majority, these are manufactured through synthetic routes, resulting in high product carbon footprints or CO2 equivalents in total greenhouse gas emission. FDA has banned some of the synthetic flavor chemicals due to the health hazards associated with them. However, consumer's preference for natural is at stake due to the absence of quantitative traceability tools. The accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) analysis revealed a distinction between natural and fossil-derived citral and its blends in Cymbopogon essential oils. The plant-derived citral contained a percent modern carbon (pMC) value in the range of 99-100 %. In contrast, the fossil fuel-derived citral showed zero pMC. Similarly, blends of Cymbopogon oils with 30-50 % (w/w) of fossil origin citral contained pMC equivalent to the proportions of modern carbon. These results showed the usefulness of AMS in quantifying the amount of 14C associated with flavor ingredients. Besides, acute oral toxicity data revealed Cymbopogon oils as the safe flavoring substance at the highest 2000 mg/kg body weight dose in Swiss albino mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chanotiya
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation, Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
| | - Yatish Pant
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation, Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - R K Lal
- Plant Breeding and Genetic resources Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi, India.
| | - Parmanand Kumar
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Laldingngheti Bawitlung
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Manoj Semwal
- Technology Dissemination and Computational Biology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - P K Trivedi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India; Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India.
| | - Anirban Pal
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
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Bhargav P, Chaurasia S, Kumar A, Srivastava G, Pant Y, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Unraveling the terpene synthase family and characterization of BsTPS2 contributing to (S)-( +)-linalool biosynthesis in Boswellia. Plant Mol Biol 2023; 113:219-236. [PMID: 37898975 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01384-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia tree bark exudes oleo-gum resin in response to wounding, which is rich in terpene volatiles. But, the molecular and biochemical basis of wound-induced formation of resin volatiles remains poorly understood. Here, we combined RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and metabolite analysis to unravel the terpene synthase (TPS) family contributing to wound-induced biosynthesis of resin volatiles in B. serrata, an economically-important Boswellia species. The analysis of large-scale RNA-seq data of bark and leaf samples representing more than 600 million sequencing reads led to the identification of 32 TPSs, which were classified based on phylogenetic relationship into various TPSs families found in angiosperm species such as TPS-a, b, c, e/f, and g. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis of bark samples collected at 0-24 h post-wounding shortlisted 14 BsTPSs that showed wound-induced transcriptional upregulation in bark, suggesting their important role in wound-induced biosynthesis of resin volatiles. Biochemical characterization of a bark preferentially-expressed and wound-inducible TPS (BsTPS2) in vitro and in planta assays revealed its involvement in resin terpene biosynthesis. Bacterially-expressed recombinant BsTPS2 catalyzed the conversion of GPP and FPP into (S)-( +)-linalool and (E)-(-)-nerolidol, respectively, in vitro assays. However, BsTPS2 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana found that BsTPS2 is a plastidial linalool synthase. In contrast, cytosolic expression of BsTPS2 did not form any product. Overall, the present work unraveled a suite of TPSs that potentially contributed to the biosynthesis of resin volatiles in Boswellia and biochemically characterized BsTPS2, which is involved in wound-induced biosynthesis of (S)-( +)-linalool, a monoterpene resin volatile with a known role in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Bhargav
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Seema Chaurasia
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Aashish Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Gaurav Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Yatish Pant
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Rawat A, Bhatt D, Kholiya S, Chauhan A, Bawankule DU, Chanotiya CS, Padalia RC. Comparative Chemical Composition and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitory Potential of Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum tamala. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300666. [PMID: 37533252 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum species have applications in the pharmaceutical and fragrance industry for wide biological and pharmaceutical activities. The present study investigates the chemical composition of the essential oils extracted from two species of Cinnamomum namely C. tamala and C. camphora. Chemical analysis showed E-cinnamyl acetate (56.14 %), E-cinnamaldehyde (20.15 %), and linalool (11.77 %) contributed as the major compounds of the 95.22 % of C. tamala leaves essential oil found rich in phenylpropanoids (76.96 %). C. camphora essential oil accounting for 93.57 % of the total oil composition was rich in 1,8-cineole (55.84 %), sabinene (14.37 %), and α-terpineol (10.49 %) making the oil abundant in oxygenated monoterpenes (70.63 %). Furthermore, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity for both the essential oils was carried out using Ellman's colorimetric method. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential at highest studied concentration of 1 mg/mL was observed to be 46.12±1.52 % for C. tamala and 53.61±2.66 % for C. camphora compared to the standard drug physostigmine (97.53±0.63 %) at 100 ng/ml. These multiple natural aromatic and fragrant characteristics with distinct chemical compositions offered by Cinnamon species provide varied benefits in the development of formulations that could be advantageous for the flavor and fragrance industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avneesh Rawat
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Divya Bhatt
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Sushma Kholiya
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Chauhan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Umrao Bawankule
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development 13 Center, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, 14, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development 13 Center, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, 14, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Rajendra Chandra Padalia
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development 13 Center, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, 14, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
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Singh S, Chanotiya CS, Singh A, Vajpayee P, Kalra A. Role of ACC-deaminase synthesizing Trichoderma harzianum and plant growth-promoting bacteria in reducing salt-stress in Ocimum sanctum. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2023; 29:815-828. [PMID: 37520812 PMCID: PMC10382467 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a significant concern in crop production, causing severe losses in agricultural yields. Ocimum sanctum, also known as Holy Basil, is an important ancient medicinal plant used in the Indian traditional system of medicine. The present study explores the use of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase-producing strains of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) namely Str-8 (Halomonas desiderata), Sd-6 (Brevibacterium halotolerans), Fd-2 (Achromobacter xylosoxidans), Art-7 (Burkholderia cepacia), and Ldr-2 (Bacillus subtilis), and T. harzianum (Th), possessing multi-functional properties like growth promotion, stress alleviation, and for enhancing O. sanctum yield under salt stress. The results showed that co-inoculation of Th and PGPBs enhanced plant height and fresh herb weight by 3.78-17.65% and 7.86-58.76%, respectively; highest being in Th + Fd-2 and Th + Art-7 compared to positive control plants. The doubly inoculated plants showed increased pigments, phenol, flavonoids, protein, sugar, relative water content, and nutrient uptake (Nitrogen and Phosphorous) as compared to monocultures and untreated positive control plants. In addition, co-inoculation in plants resulted in lower Na+, MDA, H2O2, CAT, APX activities, and also lower ACC accumulation (49.75 to 72.38% compared to non-treated salt- stressed plant) in O. sanctum, which probably played a significant role in minimizing the deleterious effects of salinity. Finally, multifactorial analysis showed that co-inoculation of Th and PGPBs improved O. sanctum growth, its physiological activities, and alleviated salt stress compared to single inoculated and positive control plants. These microbial consortia were evaluated for the first time on O. sanctum under salt stress. Therefore, the microbial consortia application could be employed to boost crop productivity in poor, marginalized and stressed agricultural fields. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01328-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Singh
- Department of Microbial Technology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U.P 226015 India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U.P 226015 India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Microbial Technology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U.P 226015 India
| | | | - Alok Kalra
- Department of Microbial Technology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U.P 226015 India
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Kumar P, Sharma PK, Chaturvedi S, Chanotiya CS, Rauta PR, Mohapatra P, Rout PK. Synthesis of Ni-Doped Hydrotalcite Catalyst Through Hydrothermal Process for the Selective Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehyde (Citral) to Enantiospecific (+)-Citronellal. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chaubey T, Sagar V, Singh RK, Chanotiya CS, Pandey S, Singh PM, Karmakar P, Singh J, Singh B, Singh DP, Pandey KK, Behera TK. Volatile Compounds Governed by Single Recessive Gene Impart Aroma in Sponge Gourd ( Luffa cylindrica L. Roem). Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2881. [PMID: 36365333 PMCID: PMC9656515 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a vegetable crop, sponge gourd is widely consumed worldwide due to its health promoting and nutraceutical value. This study describes genetics of an aromatic genotype VRSG-7-17 and deciphers the genetic control and volatile compound composition of sponge gourd. To study the inheritance of this trait, a cross was made between aromatic light-green-fruited VRSG-7-17 and non-aromatic dark-green-fruited VRSG-194 genotypes. The F1s were found to be non-aromatic and have a green fruit colour. Chi-square (χ2) analysis of backcross and F2 population segregating for aroma suggested that the inheritance of aroma in VRSG-7-17 is governed by a single recessive gene in a simple Mendelian fashion. The SPME-GC/MS analysis of the volatile compounds suggested that the compounds responsible for Basmati rice-like aroma were mainly hexanal, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone and limonene. The aroma persists in the cooked VRSG-7-17 fruits, that did not lose fragrance traits at high temperatures. The inheritance of fruit colour was found to be controlled by a single gene with incomplete dominance. The segregation analysis showed that the aroma and fruit colour were not linked, and they segregated independently. The findings will lead to understanding the inheritance of the aromatic compounds in the sponge gourd and may be utilised in the breeding programmes for developing improved aromatic varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tribhuvan Chaubey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Vidya Sagar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | | | - Sudhakar Pandey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Prabhakar M. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Pradip Karmakar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Jagdish Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Bijendra Singh
- Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya 224229, India
| | | | | | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi 221305, India
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Kumar D, Singh VK, Yadav NP, Tandon S, Shanker K, Chanotiya CS, Kumar N, Khare P, Pal A, Chanda D, Saikia D, Hussain Y, Meena A, Dhawan SS, Rout PK. Green and proficient process for industrial-scale preparation of Gymnema sylvestre standardized-extract enriched with Gymnemic acids through polymer-matrix-adsorption to reduce hyperglycemia. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rai VK, Chanda D, Chanotiya CS, Yadav NP. A combination of linalool and linalyl acetate synergistically alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:913174. [PMID: 35991888 PMCID: PMC9388787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.913174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and differentiation with increased immune cell infiltration. The anti-psoriatic effect of lavender oil has been reported. However, its phytoconstituents, linalool (L) and linalyl acetate (LA), showed a distinctive affinity with psoriasis targets. Objectives: This investigation was aimed to determine the combined effect of L and LA in ameliorating psoriasis-like skin inflammation and its safety in long-term topical uses. Methods: The combined effect of L and LA was compared with their individual effects. The anti-psoriatic activity was performed using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis in BALB/c mice and evaluated to reduce PASI and CosCam scores and Th-1 and Th-17 cell-specific cytokine levels. The acute and repeated dose dermal toxicities were investigated as per the OECD guidelines. Results: L and LA combination (LLA) in the 1:1 w/w ratio at 2% concentration showed a synergistic effect. The combination showed 76.31% and 71.29% recovery in PASI and CosCam Scores; however, L2% and LA2% showed 64.28% and 47.61% recovery in PASI and 64.75 and 56.76% recovery in CosCam scores, respectively. It showed >90% and >100% recovery in Th-17 and Th-1 cell-specific cytokines, respectively, and restored epidermal hyperplasia and parakeratosis toward normal compared with psoriatic mice. A marked reduction in NF-κB, cck6, and the IL-17 expression was also observed in the LLA-treated group. This combination was safe in a therapeutically effective dose for 28 days as no significant changes were observed in organ and body weights, liver and kidney parameters, and differential leukocyte counts. Conclusion: This study proves the synergy between L and LA in a 1:1 w/w ratio at 2% in the treatment of psoriasis-like skin inflammation and provides strong scientific evidence for its safe topical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Rai
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Debabrata Chanda
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Narayan Prasad Yadav
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
- *Correspondence: Narayan Prasad Yadav, ,
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11
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Srivastava P, Garg A, Misra RC, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. UGT86C11 is a novel plant UDP-glycosyltransferase involved in labdane diterpene biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101045. [PMID: 34363833 PMCID: PMC8427245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases constitute a large family of enzymes across all domains of life, but knowledge of their biochemical function remains largely incomplete, particularly in the context of plant specialized metabolism. The labdane diterpenes represent a large class of phytochemicals with many pharmacological benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic. The medicinal plant kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) produces bioactive labdane diterpenes; notably, the C19-hydroxyl diterpene (andrograpanin) is predominantly found as C19-O-glucoside (neoandrographolide), whereas diterpenes having additional hydroxylation(s) at C3 (14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide) or C3 and C14 (andrographolide) are primarily detected as aglycones, signifying scaffold-selective C19-O-glucosylation of diterpenes in planta. Here, we analyzed UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) activity and diterpene levels across various developmental stages and tissues and found an apparent correlation of UGT activity with the spatiotemporal accumulation of neoandrographolide, the major diterpene C19-O-glucoside. The biochemical analysis of recombinant UGTs preferentially expressed in neoandrographolide-accumulating tissues identified a previously uncharacterized UGT86 member (ApUGT12/UGT86C11) that catalyzes C19-O-glucosylation of diterpenes with strict scaffold selectivity. ApUGT12 localized to the cytoplasm and catalyzed diterpene C19-O-glucosylation in planta. The substrate selectivity demonstrated by the recombinant ApUGT12 expressed in plant and bacterium hosts was comparable to native UGT activity. Recombinant ApUGT12 showed significantly higher catalytic efficiency using andrograpanin compared with 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide and trivial activity using andrographolide. Moreover, ApUGT12 silencing in plants led to a drastic reduction in neoandrographolide content and increased levels of andrograpanin. These data suggest the involvement of ApUGT12 in scaffold-selective C19-O-glucosylation of labdane diterpenes in plants. This knowledge of UGT86 function might help in developing plant chemotypes and synthesis of pharmacologically relevant diterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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12
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Mishra S, Singh Chanotiya C, Shanker K, Kumar Tripathi A. Characterization of carotenoids and genes encoding their biosynthetic pathways in Azospirillum brasilense. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6149458. [PMID: 33629714 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Azospirillum brasilense is a non-photosynthetic member of the family Rhodospirillaceae. Some strains of this bacterium are reported to produce bacterioruberin type of carotenoids, which are generally produced by halophilic or psychrophilic bacteria. Since no other member of Rhodospirillaceae produces bacterioruberin type of carotenoids, we investigated the presence of genes involved in bacterioruberin and spirilloxanthin biosynthetic pathways in A. brasilense Cd. Although genes encoding the spirilloxanthin pathway were absent, homologs of several genes (crtC and crtF) involved in the biosynthesis of bacterioruberins were present in the genome of A. brasilense Cd. However, the homolog of CruF responsible for the final step in bacterioruberin biosynthesis could not be found. We also characterized the carotenoids of A. brasilense Cd using thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, absorption spectra and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Resolution of the methanol extract of carotenoids in ultra-performance liquid chromatography showed nine peaks, out of which six peaks showed absorption spectra characteristic of carotenoids. HRMS of each peak produced 1-14 fragments with different m/z values. Two of these fragments were identified as 19'-hydroxyfucoxanthinol and 8'-apoalloxanthinal, which are the carotenoids found in aquatic microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Anil Kumar Tripathi
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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13
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Mohanty CS, Syed N, Kumar D, Khare S, Nayak SP, Sarvendra K, Pattanayak R, Pal A, Chanotiya CS, Rout PK. Chemical characterization of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. seeds and safety evaluation of its fatty oil. Food Measure 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Lal RK, Chanotiya CS, Gupta P, Mishra A, Gupta MM. Genetic improvement of pyrethrum ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium Sch. Bip.) through gamma radiation and selection of high yield stable mutants through seven post-radiation generations. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:386-393. [PMID: 33320726 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1864050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To increase the size of the flowers for easy plucking, flower yield, pyrethrins content (%), and elite mutant selection in pyrethrum. MATERIALS AND METHODS To increase pyrethrum production and acclimatize in north Indian plain condition, a genetic improvement program was undertaken to widen the range of variations for size and yield of flowers and pyrethrins content (%) in pyrethrum crop. Pyrethrum seeds of the variety Avadh were irradiated with gamma rays at 20 to 300 Gy doses in Gamma chamber 5000 (cobalt-60 research irradiator). RESULTS Observations gathered visually in M1 based on vigor, synchronization of flowering, and flower's size. Out of 90 M2 families, 20 mutants were raised in M3 along with the check-in preliminary evaluation trial. The four promising mutants, 1 (20 Gy-3), 7 (40 Gy-5), 10 (40 Gy-8), 14 (60 Gy19-10) was grown for four years in a bench-scale trial (randomized block design, replicated thrice) to test the yield performance and selection of high yielding elite mutant (s). It has been found that pyrethrum is sensitive to gamma rays irradiation and produced a high range of qualitative and quantitative variations. After massive screening over four years, two promising mutants for high dry flower yield and pyrethrins content, namely 7 (40 Gy-5), and 10 (40GY-8) were isolated. CONCLUSIONS The mutagenesis changed traits mean in positive or negative directions. Pyrethrum plant is highly sensitive to gamma irradiation and produced a high range of variability in the qualitative and quantitative traits. The mutagenesis changed the mean of traits in both positive and negative directions. Due to mutagenic efficacy, two mutants 7 (40 Gy-5), and 10 (40GY-8) were expressed high performance for pyrethrin percent i.e., 87.23 and 59.78% improvement over the check variety 'Avadh', with synchronous flowering. These two mutants are in the pipeline for release as a variety for cultivation in the North Indian plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kishori Lal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants CSIR, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Pankhuri Gupta
- CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,Department of Plant Biotechnology, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants CSIR, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Mishra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants CSIR, Lucknow, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- Analytical Chemistry, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants CSIR, Lucknow, India
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15
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Ghosh D, Chaudhary N, Uma Kumari K, Singh J, Tripathi P, Meena A, Luqman S, Yadav A, Chanotiya CS, Pandey G, Kumar N. Diversity of Essential Oil-Secretory Cells and Oil Composition in Flowers and Buds of Magnolia sirindhorniae and Its Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2020; 18:e2000750. [PMID: 33242370 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnolia sirindhorniae Noot. & Chalermglin produces fragrant flowers. The volatile oil secretary cells, quantity and quality as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the oils extracted from buds and flowers, have been investigated. The distribution of essential oil secretory cell in bud and flower revealed that the density and size of the oil cells were significantly higher in flowers compared to buds. In different floral parts, carpel has a higher oil cell density followed by gynophore and tepal. The histochemical analysis revealed the essential oil is synthesized in oil secretory cells. The volatile oil yield was 0.25 % in the buds and 0.50 % in flowers. GC/FID and GC/MS analysis identified 33 compounds contributing 83.2-83.5 % of the total essential oil composition. Linalool is the main constituent contributing 58.9 % and 51.0 % in the buds and flowers oils, respectively. The essential oil extracted from the flowers showed higher antimicrobial efficacy against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Similarly, the essential oil isolated from the flowers depicts higher free radical scavenging, and antioxidant activity compared to buds' oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Ghosh
- Botany and Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Chaudhary
- Botany and Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Uma Kumari
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakhar Tripathi
- Botany and Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anju Yadav
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyanesh Pandey
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Botany and Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Rai VK, Sinha P, Yadav KS, Shukla A, Saxena A, Bawankule DU, Tandon S, Khan F, Chanotiya CS, Yadav NP. Anti-psoriatic effect of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and its major components linalool and linalyl acetate. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113127. [PMID: 32623016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lavender oil (LO) is an aromatic/essential oil extracted from Lavandula angustifolia and traditionally used as an aromatherapy massage oil due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing property and also for providing the relief in other skin conditions such as psoriasis, dermatitis and eczema. However, LO has not been evaluated scientifically for psoriasis like skin inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the LO and its major components linalool (L) and linalyl acetate (LA) against psoriasis like skin inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-psoriatic activity was done using Imiquimod (IMQ) induced psoriasis like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice. Assessment of anti-psoriatic effect of LO, L and LA was done on the basis of change in ear thickness, psoriasis area severity index (PASI) scoring at alternative day, CosCam scoring using skin analyzer equipped with SkinSys software, biochemical, immunohistochemical and histological investigations. Level of effectiveness against psoriasis was investigated by percent reduction in PASI scores, CosCam scores and level of Th-1 and Th-17 cell expressing cytokines, as compared to the diseased mice. RESULTS Topical application of LO 10% showed 73.67% recovery in PASI and 87% in Th-17 cell-specific cytokines towards normal as compared to disease group. L and LA were identified as the major components of LO and favoured ligands for selected psoriasis targets. At 2% topical dose, L and LA showed 64% and 47.61% recovery in PASI scores, respectively. Both, L and LA showed significant recovery in Th-1 specific TNF-α and IL-1β however, only L showed significant recovery of Th-17 cytokines (IL-17 and IL-22). In contrast to LA (which restored granulosis), L restored epidermal hyperplasia and parakeratosis toward the normal condition. On the other hand, L also reduced the expression of NF-κβ, ccr6 and IL-17, while LA reduced the expression of NF-κβ only. At 10% topical dose, LO was observed to be slight irritant while at 2% topical dose, L and LA were found non-irritant to the skin. CONCLUSION This study proves the effectiveness of LO and its major phytoconstituents linalool and linalyl acetate against IMQ induced psoriasis like skin inflammation and provides the scientific evidence for topical use of lavender oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Rai
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | - Priyam Sinha
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | - Kuldeep Singh Yadav
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | - Aparna Shukla
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | - Archana Saxena
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | | | - Sudeep Tandon
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | - Feroz Khan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
| | | | - Narayan Prasad Yadav
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India.
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Srivastava G, Garg A, Misra RC, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of oxidosqualene cyclases of the arjuna triterpene saponin pathway. Plant Sci 2020; 292:110382. [PMID: 32005387 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) tree has been popular in Indian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular ailments. The tree accumulates bioactive triterpene glycosides (saponins) and aglycones (sapogenins), in a tissue-preferential manner. Oleanane triterpenes/saponins (derived from β-amyrin) with potential cardioprotective function predominantly accumulate in the bark. However, arjuna triterpene saponin pathway enzymes remain to be identified and biochemically characterized. Here, we employed a combined transcriptomics, metabolomics and biochemical approach to functionally define a suite of oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) that catalyzed key reactions towards triterpene scaffold diversification. De novo assembly of 131 millions Illumina NextSeq500 sequencing reads obtained from leaf and stem bark samples led to a total of 156,650 reference transcripts. Four distinct OSCs (TaOSC1-4) with 54-71 % sequence identities were identified and functionally characterized. TaOSC1, TaOSC3 and TaOSC4 were biochemically characterized as β-amyrin synthase, cycloartenol synthase and lupeol synthase, respectively. However, TaOSC2 was found to be a multifunctional OSC producing both α-amyrin and β-amyrin, but showed a preference for α-amyrin product. Both TaOSC1 and TaOSC2 produced β-amyrin, the direct precursor for oleanane triterpene/saponin biosynthesis; but, TaOSC1 transcript expressed preferentially in bark, suggesting a major role of TaOSC1 in the biosynthesis of oleanane triterpenes/saponins in bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Srivastava
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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18
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Rout PK, Kumar P, Rao YR, Kumar A, Bawankule DU, Singh R, Singh KB, Chanotiya CS, Naik SN. A quinoline alkaloid rich Quisqualis indica floral extract enhances the bioactivity. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1632-1638. [PMID: 31264476 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1634709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A volatile alkaloid quinoline-4-carbonitrile (QCN) was isolated from the floral extract of Quisqualis indica. Major compounds were trans-linalool oxide (1.0, 4.5%), methyl benzoate (1.0, 4.0%), 2,2,6-trimethyl-6-vinyl-tetrahydropyran-3-one (7.4, 17.8%), 2,2,6-trimethyl-6-vinyl-tetrahydropyran-3-ol (1.0, 1.2%), (E,E)-α-farnesene (29.1, 16.1%), QCN (5.7, 1.3%) in live and picked flowers, respectively. Flower compositions were altered due to change in enzymatic reaction at the time of picking. Some rearrangements of oxygenated terpenoids occurred in the process of hydrodistillation to obtain essential oil. Chemical synthesis of QCN and its selectively reduced products derived from QCN were prepared through green reaction process. The catalytic modification of QCN has produced quinoline-4-methylamine; the later compound has shown enhanced bio-activities. QCN and floral extract (absolute) have shown potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Besides, floral absolute has shown significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities due to improved QCN (19.7%) content to synergize amongst terpenoids and benzenoids as compared to the essential oil with 1.1% of QCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasant Kumar Rout
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Y Ramachandra Rao
- Forest and Marine Products Department, CSIR-Regional Research Laboratory (IMMT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anant Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.,Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.,Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Singh
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kijay Bahadur Singh
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - S N Naik
- Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
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19
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Lal RK, Chanotiya CS, Singh VR, Dhawan SS, Gupta P, Shukla S, Mishra A. Induced polygenic variations through γ-rays irradiation and selection of novel genotype in chamomile (Chamomilla recutita [L.] Rauschert). Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1242-1250. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kishori Lal
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Ved Ram Singh
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Sunita Singh Dhawan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Pankhuri Gupta
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Shama Shukla
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Mishra
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Sandeep, Misra RC, Chanotiya CS, Mukhopadhyay P, Ghosh S. Oxidosqualene cyclase and CYP716 enzymes contribute to triterpene structural diversity in the medicinal tree banaba. New Phytol 2019; 222:408-424. [PMID: 30472753 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes (PCTs) represent a major class of bioactive metabolites in banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa) leaves; however, biosynthetic enzymes and their involvement in the temporal accumulation of PCTs remain to be studied. We use an integrated approach involving transcriptomics, metabolomics and gene function analysis to identify oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) that catalyzed sequential cyclization and oxidative reactions towards PCT scaffold diversification. Four monofunctional OSCs (LsOSC1,3-5) converted the triterpene precursor 2,3-oxidosqualene to either lupeol, β-amyrin or cycloartenol, and a multifunctional LsOSC2 formed α-amyrin as a major product along with β-amyrin. Two CYP716 family P450s (CYP716A265, CYP716A266) catalyzed C-28 oxidation of α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol to form ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and betulinic acid, respectively. However, CYP716C55 catalyzed C-2α hydroxylation of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid to produce corosolic acid and maslinic acid, respectively. Besides, combined transcript and metabolite analysis suggested major roles for the LsOSC2, CYP716A265 and CYP716C55 in determining leaf ursane and oleanane profiles. Combinatorial expression of OSCs and CYP716s in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana benthamiana led to PCT pathway reconstruction, signifying the utility of banaba enzymes for bioactive PCT production in alternate plant/microbial hosts that are more easily tractable than the tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Pradipto Mukhopadhyay
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
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Pal S, Rastogi S, Nagegowda DA, Gupta MM, Shasany AK, Chanotiya CS. RNAi of Sterol Methyl Transferase1 Reveals its Direct Role in Diverting Intermediates Towards Withanolide/Phytosterol Biosynthesis in Withania somnifera. Plant Cell Physiol 2019; 60:672-686. [PMID: 30541044 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal properties of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) are accredited to a group of compounds called withanolides. 24-Methylene cholesterol is the intermediate for sterol biosynthesis and a proposed precursor of withanolide biogenesis. However, conversion of 24-methylene cholesterol to withaferin A and other withanolides has not yet been biochemically dissected. Hence, in an effort to fill this gap, an important gene, encoding S-adenosyl l-methionine-dependent sterol-C24-methyltransferase type 1 (SMT1), involved in the first committed step of sterol biosynthesis, from W. somnifera was targeted in the present study. Though SMT1 has been characterized in model plants such as Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana, its functional role in phytosterol and withanolide biosynthesis was demonstrated for the first time in W. somnifera. Since SMT1 acts at many steps preceding the withanolide precursor, the impact of this gene in channeling of metabolites for withanolide biosynthesis and its regulatory nature was illustrated by suppressing the gene in W. somnifera via the RNA interference (RNAi) approach. Interestingly, down-regulation of SMT1 in W. somnifera led to reduced levels of campesterol, sitosterol and stigmasterol, with an increase of cholesterol content in the transgenic RNAi lines. In contrast, SMT1 overexpression in transgenic N. tabacum enhanced the level of all phytosterols except cholesterol, which was not affected. The results established that SMT1 plays a crucial role in W. somnifera withanolide biosynthesis predominantly through the campesterol and stigmasterol routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Pal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Postal Staff College Area, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhra Rastogi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh A Nagegowda
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre, Allalasandra, GKVK Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Shasany
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Postal Staff College Area, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation, Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shukla S, Pandey SS, Chandra M, Pandey A, Bharti N, Barnawal D, Chanotiya CS, Tandon S, Darokar MP, Kalra A. Application of essential oils as a natural and alternate method for inhibiting and inducing the sprouting of potato tubers. Food Chem 2019; 284:171-179. [PMID: 30744843 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Use of harmful chemicals and expensive maintenance of cold-storage conditions for controlling sprouting are among the major problems in potato storage. Here, 20 essential oils (EOs) were tested for their sprouting-inhibiting and sprouting-inducing activities. Overall, treatments of lemon grass (LG) and clove (CL) oils could induce sprouting whereas palmarosa (PR) and ajwain (AZ) oils could inhibit sprouting of potato tubers at normal-room-temperature (25 ± 2 °C) storage. Selected-EOs treatments affected sprouting by modulation of accumulation of reducing sugars, ethylene, and expression of genes involved in tuber-sprouting such as ARF, ARP, AIP and ERF. Surprisingly, 7-days AZ-treatments could inhibit sprouting for 30-days which was mediated via damaging apical meristem. However, LG- and CL-treated tubers could produce enhanced potato yield as well. Present work clearly demonstrates that selected-EOs can be used as a promising eco-friendly approach for inducing/inhibiting sprouting of potato tubers during potato storage and those enhancing sprouting can be used for enhancing productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samvedna Shukla
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India; Molecular and Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) (An Institution of National Importance by an Act of Parliament), AcSIR Campus, CSIR-HRDC, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India
| | - Shiv Shanker Pandey
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Muktesh Chandra
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Alok Pandey
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Nidhi Bharti
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Deepti Barnawal
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Central Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Process Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India
| | - Mahendra Pandurang Darokar
- Molecular and Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) (An Institution of National Importance by an Act of Parliament), AcSIR Campus, CSIR-HRDC, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India
| | - Alok Kalra
- Molecular and Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, UP 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) (An Institution of National Importance by an Act of Parliament), AcSIR Campus, CSIR-HRDC, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India.
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Maurya AK, Mohanty S, Pal A, Chanotiya CS, Bawankule DU. The essential oil from Citrus limetta Risso peels alleviates skin inflammation: In-vitro and in-vivo study. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 212:86-94. [PMID: 29055721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citrus fruit peels are traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of skin disorders but it lacks proper pharmacological intervention. Citrus limetta Risso (Rutaceae) is an important commercial fruit crops used by juice processing industries in all continents. Ethnopharmacological validation of an essential oil isolated from its peels may play a key role in converting the fruit waste materials into therapeutic value added products. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the chemical and pharmacological (in-vitro and in-vivo) profile of essential oil isolated from Citrus limetta peels (Clp-EO) against skin inflammation for its ethnopharmacological validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hydro-distilled essential oil extracted from Citrus limetta peels (Clp-EO) was subjected to gas chromatography (GC) analysis for identification of essential oil constituents and its anti-inflammatory evaluation through in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS Chemical fingerprint of Clp-EO revealed the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbon and limonene is the major component. Pre-treatment of Clp-EO to the macrophages was able to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) in LPS-induced inflammation as well as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In in-vivo study, topical application of Clp-EO was also able to reduce the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear thickness, ear weight, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokines production and ameliorate the histological damage in the ear tissue. In-vitro and in-vivo toxicity study indicate that it is safe for topical application on skin. CONCLUSION These findings suggested the preventive potential of Clp-EO for the treatment of inflammation linked skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Maurya
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Department of Biotechnology, Sai Nath University, Ranchi 835219, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Dnyaneshawar Umrao Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Dwivedy AK, Prakash B, Chanotiya CS, Bisht D, Dubey NK. Chemically characterized Mentha cardiaca L. essential oil as plant based preservative in view of efficacy against biodeteriorating fungi of dry fruits, aflatoxin secretion, lipid peroxidation and safety profile assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:175-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Misra RC, Sharma S, Garg A, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Two CYP716A subfamily cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of sweet basil play similar but nonredundant roles in ursane- and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis. New Phytol 2017; 214:706-720. [PMID: 28967669 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal plant sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) accumulates bioactive ursane- and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes (PCTs), ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, respectively, in a spatio-temporal manner; however, the biosynthetic enzymes and their contributions towards PCT biosynthesis remain to be elucidated. Two CYP716A subfamily cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP716A252 and CYP716A253) are identified from a methyl jasmonate-responsive expression sequence tag collection and functionally characterized, employing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) expression platform and adapting virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in sweet basil. CYP716A252 and CYP716A253 catalyzed sequential three-step oxidation at the C-28 position of α-amyrin and β-amyrin to produce ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, respectively. Although CYP716A253 was more efficient than CYP716A252 for amyrin C-28 oxidation in yeast, VIGS revealed essential roles for both of these CYP716As in constitutive biosynthesis of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in sweet basil leaves. However, CYP716A253 played a major role in elicitor-induced biosynthesis of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. Overall, the results suggest similar as well as distinct roles of CYP716A252 and CYP716A253 for the spatio-temporal biosynthesis of PCTs. CYP716A252 and CYP716A253 might be useful for the alternative and sustainable production of PCTs in microbial host, besides increasing plant metabolite content through genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Shubha Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Mishra A, Lal RK, Chanotiya CS, Dhawan SS. Genetic elaborations of glandular and non-glandular trichomes in Mentha arvensis genotypes: assessing genotypic and phenotypic correlations along with gene expressions. Protoplasma 2017; 254:1045-1061. [PMID: 27515313 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mentha arvensis (corn mint) is well known for the production of menthol, a widely used commodity in pharma and flavoring industries and provides natural fragrances and products. Glandular trichomes are specialized hairs found on the aerial surface of vascular plants species producing specific secondary metabolite chemistry. Correlations were established among trichomes, oil yield, and major secondary metabolites. Nine improved, elite cultivars representing different M. arvensis genotypes were used for analysis. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were estimated; results indicated the presence of considerable amount of genetic variability, thereby emphasizing wide scope of selection. Positive and significant associations were found among glandular trichomes, oil yield, essential oil constituents, and leaf morphology itself, whereas morphological parameters of leaf show positive and negative correlations to average number of trichome and essential oil constituents. Average number of glandular, non-glandular trichomes, their ratios, menthol content, and trichome number showed a good heritability. Trichomes were studied microscopically in leaf parts in all varieties for analyzing their distribution pattern. The trichome number variations showed significant correlation throughout the genotypes with essential oil yield and monoterpenoid constituents. Differential changes were analyzed for Glutathione S-transferases, Glutathione reductase, Malondialdehyde, phenolics, and chlorophyll content. Gene expressions were analyzed for biosynthesis genes and selected transcription factors TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (TTG1), ENOLASE 1, GLABRA 3, GTL 1, NUCLEAR TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR Y SUBUNIT B-6, WRKY transcription factor 22, putative WRKY 33, WRKY 17, WRKY 1, and WRKY 65-like for harnessing their relation with trichome development in M. arvensis genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Mishra
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - R K Lal
- Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - C S Chanotiya
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Sunita Singh Dhawan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India.
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Misra RC, Garg A, Roy S, Chanotiya CS, Vasudev PG, Ghosh S. Involvement of an ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase in tissue-specific accumulation of specialized diterpenes in Andrographis paniculata. Plant Sci 2015; 240:50-64. [PMID: 26475187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ent-labdane-related diterpene (ent-LRD) specialized (i.e. secondary) metabolites of the medicinal plant kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) have long been known for several pharmacological activities. However, our understanding of the ent-LRD biosynthetic pathway has remained largely incomplete. Since ent-LRDs accumulate in leaves, we carried out a comparative transcriptional analysis using leaf and root tissues, and identified 389 differentially expressed transcripts, including 223 transcripts that were preferentially expressed in leaf tissue. Analysis of the transcripts revealed various specialized metabolic pathways, including transcripts of the ent-LRD biosynthetic pathway. Two class II diterpene synthases (ApCPS1 and ApCPS2) along with one (ApCPS1') and two (ApCPS2' and ApCPS2″) transcriptional variants that were the outcomes of alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA and alternative transcriptional termination, respectively, were identified. ApCPS1 and ApCPS2 encode for 832- and 817-amino acids proteins, respectively, and are phylogenetically related to the dicotyledons ent-copalyl diphosphate synthases (ent-CPSs). The spatio-temporal patterns of ent-LRD metabolites accumulation and gene expression suggested a likely role for ApCPS1 in general (i.e. primary) metabolism, perhaps by providing precursor for the biosynthesis of phytohormone gibberellin (GA). However, ApCPS2 is potentially involved in tissue-specific accumulation of ent-LRD specialized metabolites. Bacterially expressed recombinant ApCPS2 catalyzed the conversion of (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), the general precursor of diterpenes to ent-copalyl diphosphate (ent-CPP), the precursor of ent-LRDs. Taken together, these results advance our understanding of the tissue-specific accumulation of specialized ent-LRDs of medicinal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sudeep Roy
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Prema G Vasudev
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Pragadheesh V, Yadav A, Chanotiya CS. Role of substituents in cyclodextrin derivatives for enantioselective gas chromatographic separation of chiral terpenoids in the essential oils of Mentha spicata. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1002:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Singh S, Pal S, Shanker K, Chanotiya CS, Gupta MM, Dwivedi UN, Shasany AK. Sterol partitioning by HMGR and DXR for routing intermediates toward withanolide biosynthesis. Physiol Plant 2014; 152:617-33. [PMID: 24749735 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Withanolides biosynthesis in the plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is hypothesized to be diverged from sterol pathway at the level of 24-methylene cholesterol. The conversion and translocation of intermediates for sterols and withanolides are yet to be characterized in this plant. To understand the influence of mevalonate (MVA) and 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways on sterols and withanolides biosynthesis in planta, we overexpressed the WsHMGR2 and WsDXR2 in tobacco, analyzed the effect of transient suppression through RNAi, inhibited MVA and MEP pathways and fed the leaf tissue with different sterols. Overexpression of WsHMGR2 increased cycloartenol, sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol compared to WsDXR2 transgene lines. Increase in cholesterol was, however, marginally higher in WsDXR2 transgenic lines. This was further validated through transient suppression analysis, and pathway inhibition where cholesterol reduction was found higher due to WsDXR2 suppression and all other sterols were affected predominantly by WsHMGR2 suppression in leaf. The transcript abundance and enzyme analysis data also correlate with sterol accumulation. Cholesterol feeding did not increase the withanolide content compared to cycloartenol, sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol. Hence, a preferential translocation of carbon from MVA and MEP pathways was found differentiating the sterols types. Overall results suggested that MVA pathway was predominant in contributing intermediates for withanolides synthesis mainly through the campesterol/stigmasterol route in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, UP, India
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Pattanayak R, Mishra G, Chanotiya CS, Rout PK, Mohanty CS. Does the volatile hydrocarbon profile differ between the sexes: a case study on five aphidophagous ladybirds. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2014; 87:105-125. [PMID: 25060353 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Insect hydrocarbons (HCs) primarily serve as a waterproofing cuticular layer and function extensively in chemical communication by facilitating species, sex, and colony recognition. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction is employed for investigating the sex-specific volatile HC profile of five ladybirds collected from Lucknow, India namely, Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Coccinella transversalis (Fabr.), Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabr.), Propylea dissecta (Mulsant), and Anegleis cardoni (Weise) for the first time. Major compounds reported in C. septempunctata, C. transversalis, and A. cardoni are methyl-branched saturated HCs, whereas in M. sexmaculatus, and P. dissecta, they are unsaturated HCs. Other than A. cardoni, both the sexes of the other four ladybirds had similar compounds at highest peak but with statistically significant differences. However, in A. cardoni, which is a beetle with a narrow niche, the major compound in both male and female was different. The difference in volatile HC profile of the sexes of the five ladybirds indicates that gender-specific differences primarily exist due to quantitative differences in chemicals with only very few chemicals being unique to a gender. This variation in semiochemicals might have a role in behavioral or ecological aspects of the studied ladybirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojalin Pattanayak
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
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Yadav NP, Rai VK, Mishra N, Sinha P, Bawankule DU, Pal A, Tripathi AK, Chanotiya CS. A novel approach for development and characterization of effective mosquito repellent cream formulation containing citronella oil. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:786084. [PMID: 25379509 PMCID: PMC4214039 DOI: 10.1155/2014/786084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Citronella essential oil (CEO) has been reported as an excellent mosquito repellent; however, mild irritancy and rapid volatility limit its topical application. It was aimed to develop a nonirritant, stable, and consistent cream of CEO with improved residence time on skin using an industrial approach. Phase inversion temperature technique was employed to prepare the cream. It was optimized and characterized based on sensorial evaluation, emulsification, and consistency in terms of softness, greasiness, stickiness, and pH. The optimum batch (B5) was evaluated for viscosity (90249.67±139.95 cP), texture profile with respect to firmness (38.67±0.88 g), spreadability (70.33±0.88 mJ), and extrudability (639.67±8.09±0.1 mJ) using texture analyzer along with two most popular marketed products selected as reference standard. Subsequently, B5 was found to be stable for more than 90 days and showed enhanced duration of mosquito repellency as compared to CEO. HS-GC ensured the intactness of CEO in B5. Investigated primary irritation index (PII 0.45) positioned B5 into the category of irritation barely perceptible. The pronounced texture profile and stability of B5 with extended residence time and less PII revealed its potential application in industry and offered a promising alternative to the marketed products of synthetic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Prasad Yadav
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Priyam Sinha
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Umrao Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Arun Kumar Tripathi
- Plant Pathology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants and Chiral Separation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 015, India
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Barnawal D, Bharti N, Maji D, Chanotiya CS, Kalra A. ACC deaminase-containing Arthrobacter protophormiae induces NaCl stress tolerance through reduced ACC oxidase activity and ethylene production resulting in improved nodulation and mycorrhization in Pisum sativum. J Plant Physiol 2014; 171:884-94. [PMID: 24913045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Induction of stress ethylene production in the plant system is one of the consequences of salt stress which apart from being toxic to the plant also inhibits mycorrhizal colonization and rhizobial nodulation by oxidative damage. Tolerance to salinity in pea plants was assessed by reducing stress ethylene levels through ACC deaminase-containing rhizobacteria Arthrobacter protophormiae (SA3) and promoting plant growth through improved colonization of beneficial microbes like Rhizobium leguminosarum (R) and Glomus mosseae (G). The experiment comprised of treatments with combinations of SA3, G, and R under varying levels of salinity. The drop in plant biomass associated with salinity stress was significantly lesser in SA3 treated plants compared to non-treated plants. The triple interaction of SA3+G+R performed synergistically to induce protective mechanism against salt stress and showed a new perspective of plant-microorganism interaction. This tripartite collaboration increased plant weight by 53%, reduced proline content, lipid peroxidation and increased pigment content under 200 mM salt condition. We detected that decreased ACC oxidase (ACO) activity induced by SA3 and reduced ACC synthase (ACS) activity in AMF (an observation not reported earlier as per our knowledge) inoculated plants simultaneously reduced the ACC content by 60% (responsible for generation of stress ethylene) in SA3+G+R treated plants as compared to uninoculated control plants under 200 mM salt treatment. The results indicated that ACC deaminase-containing SA3 brought a putative protection mechanism (decrease in ACC content) under salt stress, apart from alleviating ethylene-induced damage, by enhancing nodulation and AMF colonization in the plants resulting in improved nutrient uptake and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Barnawal
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Bharti
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepamala Maji
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Central Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Kalra
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Mohanty CS, Pradhan RC, Singh V, Singh N, Pattanayak R, Prakash O, Chanotiya CS, Rout PK. Physicochemical analysis of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC seeds with fatty acids and total lipids compositions. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 52:3660-70. [PMID: 26028749 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. is a tropical legume with potential nutritional properties. In present study, the physical properties and proximate composition of the seeds were evaluated. Besides, the physico-chemical properties of fatty oil from fully mature seeds were also studied. The fatty oil compositions of immature, mature and fully mature seeds were evaluated by GC-FID, GC/MS and (1)H-NMR. The study revealed that, fatty oil from fully mature seeds contained high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (75.5 %), whereas immature seeds contained higher percentage of saturated fatty acid (61.3 %). In addition, unsaponification matter (0.25 %) of fatty oil was identified as stigmasterol (66.4 %) and β-sitosterol (25.1 %). Total lipids of fully mature seeds were extracted and isolated as neutral, glyco- and phospholipids. Overall, the fatty oil of fully mature seeds was enriched with mono-unsaturated fatty acids (38.6 %) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (36.9 %) without trans-fatty acids, thus meeting the edible oil standard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rama Chandra Pradhan
- Department of Farm Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Vinayak Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Neha Singh
- Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | | | - Om Prakash
- Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | - Prasant Kumar Rout
- Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015 India
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Misra RC, Maiti P, Chanotiya CS, Shanker K, Ghosh S. Methyl jasmonate-elicited transcriptional responses and pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil. Plant Physiol 2014; 164:1028-44. [PMID: 24367017 PMCID: PMC3912077 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.232884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is well known for its diverse pharmacological properties and has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Although a variety of secondary metabolites with potent biological activities are identified, our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways that produce them has remained largely incomplete. We studied transcriptional changes in sweet basil after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, which is considered an elicitor of secondary metabolites, and identified 388 candidate MeJA-responsive unique transcripts. Transcript analysis suggests that in addition to controlling its own biosynthesis and stress responses, MeJA up-regulates transcripts of the various secondary metabolic pathways, including terpenoids and phenylpropanoids/flavonoids. Furthermore, combined transcript and metabolite analysis revealed MeJA-induced biosynthesis of the medicinally important ursane-type and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes. Two MeJA-responsive oxidosqualene cyclases (ObAS1 and ObAS2) that encode for 761- and 765-amino acid proteins, respectively, were identified and characterized. Functional expressions of ObAS1 and ObAS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the production of β-amyrin and α-amyrin, the direct precursors of oleanane-type and ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenes, respectively. ObAS1 was identified as a β-amyrin synthase, whereas ObAS2 was a mixed amyrin synthase that produced both α-amyrin and β-amyrin but had a product preference for α-amyrin. Moreover, transcript and metabolite analysis shed light on the spatiotemporal regulation of pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil. Taken together, these results will be helpful in elucidating the secondary metabolic pathways of sweet basil and developing metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced production of pentacyclic triterpenes.
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Parihar S, Kumar A, Chaturvedi AK, Sachan NK, Luqman S, Changkija B, Manohar M, Prakash O, Chanda D, Khan F, Chanotiya CS, Shanker K, Dwivedi A, Konwar R, Negi AS. Synthesis of combretastatin A4 analogues on steroidal framework and their anti-breast cancer activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 137:332-44. [PMID: 23459143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Combretastatin A4 analogues were synthesized on steroidal framework from gallic acid with a possibility of anti-breast cancer agents. Twenty two analogues were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 & MDA-MB 231). The best analogue 22 showed potent antitubulin effect. Docking experiments also supported strong binding affinity of 22 to microtubule polymerase. In cell cycle analysis, 22 induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells significantly. It was found to be non-toxic up to 300 mg/kg dose in Swiss albino mice in acute oral toxicity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Synthesis and biological testing of steroid derivatives as inhibitors".
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Parihar
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, U.P., India
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Rai VK, Dwivedi H, Yadav NP, Chanotiya CS, Saraf SA. Solubility enhancement of miconazole nitrate: binary and ternary mixture approach. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:1021-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.801487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Barnawal D, Bharti N, Maji D, Chanotiya CS, Kalra A. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase-containing rhizobacteria protect Ocimum sanctum plants during waterlogging stress via reduced ethylene generation. Plant Physiol Biochem 2012; 58:227-35. [PMID: 22846334 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ocimum sanctum grown as rain-fed crop, is known to be poorly adapted to waterlogged conditions. Many a times the crop suffers extreme damages because of anoxia and excessive ethylene generation due to waterlogging conditions present under heavy rain. The usefulness of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase-containing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria was investigated under waterlogging stress. The comparison of herb yield and stress induced biochemical changes of waterlogged and non-waterlogged plants with and without ACC deaminase-containing microbiological treatments were monitored in this study. Ten plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strains containing ACC-deaminase were isolated and characterized. Four selected isolates Fd2 (Achromobacter xylosoxidans), Bac5 (Serratia ureilytica), Oci9 (Herbaspirillum seropedicae) and Oci13 (Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae) had the potential to protect Ocimum plants from flood induced damage under waterlogged glass house conditions. Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of these ACC deaminase-containing selected strains for reducing the yield losses caused by waterlogging conditions. Bacterial treatments protected plants from waterlogging induced detrimental changes like stress ethylene production, reduced chlorophyll concentration, higher lipid peroxidation, proline concentration and reduced foliar nutrient uptake. Fd2 (A. xylosoxidans) induced maximum waterlogging tolerance as treated waterlogged plants recorded maximum growth and herb yield (46.5% higher than uninoculated waterlogged plants) with minimum stress ethylene levels (53% lower ACC concentration as compared to waterlogged plants without bacterial inoculation) whereas under normal non-waterlogged conditions O. rhizosphaerae was most effective in plant growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Barnawal
- Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Parihar S, Gupta A, Chaturvedi AK, Agarwal J, Luqman S, Changkija B, Manohar M, Chanda D, Chanotiya CS, Shanker K, Dwivedi A, Konwar R, Negi AS. Gallic acid based steroidal phenstatin analogues for selective targeting of breast cancer cells through inhibiting tubulin polymerization. Steroids 2012; 77:878-86. [PMID: 22503714 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenstatin analogues were synthesized on steroidal framework, for selective targeting of breast cancer cells. These analogues were evaluated for anticancer efficacy against breast cancer cell lines. Analogues 12 and 19 exhibited significant anticancer activity against MCF-7, hormone dependent breast cancer cell line. While analogues 10-14 exhibited significant anticancer activity against MDA-MB-231, hormone independent breast cancer cell line. Compound 10 showed significant oestrogen antagonistic activities with low agonistic activity in in vivo rat model. These analogues also retain tubulin polymerization inhibition activity. The most active analogue 10 was found to be non-toxic in Swiss albino mice up to 300 mg/kg dose. Gallic acid based phenstatin analogues may further be optimized as selective anti-breast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Parihar
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, UP, India
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Swaroop Verma R, Chandra Padalia R, Chauhan A, Singh Chanotiya C, Yadav A. Chemical Investigation of the Root Essential Oil of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/157340711798375840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pragadheesh VS, Yadav A, Chanotiya CS, Rout PK, Uniyal GC. Monitoring the emission of volatile organic compounds from flowers of Jasminum sambac using solid-phase micro-extraction fibers and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:1333-1338. [PMID: 21941909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) was studied as a solvent free alternative method for the extraction and characterization of volatile compounds in intact and plucked flowers of Jasminum sambac at different day time intervals using gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry. The analytes identified included alcohols, esters, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids. The main constituents identified in the flower aroma using different fibers were cis-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-beta-ocimene, linalool, benzyl acetate, and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene. The benzyl acetate proportion decreased from morning to afternoon and then increased in evening collections. PDMS fiber showed a high proportion of (E,E)-alpha-farnesene in jasmine floral aroma. Among other constituents identified, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool, and benzyl acetate were major aroma contributors in plucked and living flowers extracts using PDMS/DVB, Carboxen/PDMS, and DVB/Carboxen/PDMS fibers. PDMS/DVB recorded the highest emission for benzyl acetate while the (E)-beta-ocimene proportion was highest in DVB/Carboxen/PDMS when compared with the rest. The highest linalool content, with increasing proportion from morning to noon, was found using mixed coating fibers. Almost negligible volatile adsorption was recorded for the polyacrylate fiber for intact flower aroma, whereas it was most effective for benzyl acetate, followed by indole under plucked conditions. Moreover, the highest amounts extracted, evaluated from the sum of peak areas, were achieved using Carboxen/PDMS, and DVB/Carboxen/PDMS. Introduction of a rapid, and solvent free SPME method for the analysis of multicomponent volatiles can be successfully employed to monitor the extraction and characterization of flower aroma constituents.
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Pragadheesh VS, Yadav A, Chanotiya CS, Rout PK, Uniyal GC. Monitoring the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Flowers of Jasminum sambac Using Solid-Phase Micro-extraction Fibers and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry Detection. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was studied as a solvent free alternative method for the extraction and characterization of volatile compounds in intact and plucked flowers of Jasminum sambac at different day time intervals using gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry. The analytes identified included alcohols, esters, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids. The main constituents identified in the flower aroma using different fibers were cis-3-hexenyl acetate, ( E)-β-ocimene, linalool, benzyl acetate, and ( E,E)-α-farnesene. The benzyl acetate proportion decreased from morning to afternoon and then increased in evening collections. PDMS fiber showed a high proportion of ( E,E)-α-farnesene in jasmine floral aroma. Among other constituents identified, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool, and benzyl acetate were major aroma contributors in plucked and living flowers extracts using PDMS/DVB, Carboxen/PDMS, and DVB/Carboxen/PDMS fibers. PDMS/DVB recorded the highest emission for benzyl acetate while the ( E)-β-ocimene proportion was highest in DVB/Carboxen/PDMS when compared with the rest. The highest linalool content, with increasing proportion from morning to noon, was found using mixed coating fibers. Almost negligible volatile adsorption was recorded for the polyacrylate fiber for intact flower aroma, whereas it was most effective for benzyl acetate, followed by indole under plucked conditions. Moreover, the highest amounts extracted, evaluated from the sum of peak areas, were achieved using Carboxen/PDMS, and DVB/Carboxen/PDMS. Introduction of a rapid, and solvent free SPME method for the analysis of multicomponent volatiles can be successfully employed to monitor the extraction and characterization of flower aroma constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anju Yadav
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR), Lucknow, India 226015
| | | | - Prasanta Kumar Rout
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR), Lucknow, India 226015
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Bisht D, Pal A, Chanotiya CS, Mishra D, Pandey KN. Terpenoid composition and antifungal activity of three commercially important essential oils against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1993-8. [PMID: 21707253 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.521926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydro-distilled essential oils extracted from three commercially important aromatic plants were analysed by capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry and subjected to antifungal activity. Fifteen compounds, which accounted for 97.8% of Acorus calamus root oil composition have been identified. Besides the major constituent (Z)-asarone (81.1-92.4%), (Z)-methyl isoeugenol (1.8-2.1%), (Z)-isoelemicin (1.2-1.3%), (E)-asarone (1.0-2.6%), (E)-methyl isoeugenol (0.2-0.4%), (Z)-β-ocimene (0.2-0.4%), elemicin (0.2-0.3%), linalool (0.1-0.9%) and kessane (t-0.2%) were identified. Monoterpenes constituted the main fraction of Origanum vulgare essential oil attaining 90.5% of the total oil composition. p-Cymene (10.3%) was the major component of the monoterpene hydrocarbon fraction while thymol (53.2%) and carvacrol (3.9%) were the most abundant oxygenated monoterpenes among the 33 identified constituents. Cinnamomum tamala leaf oil contained (E)-cinnamaldehyde as the principal component. Quantitative variations in (Z)-cinnamaldehyde (5.8-7.1%), linalool (6.4-8.5%) and (E)-cinnamyl acetate (4.7-5.2%) were significant. The antifungal activity of the hydro-distilled essential oils of A. calamus, O. vulgare and C. tamala were evaluated against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Disc diffusion method was used for the determination of the inhibitory effect. O. vulgare essential oil exhibited the highest activity. Moreover, all three essential oils inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bisht
- Department of Botany, Government PG College, Kumaun University, Ramnagar, Nainital 244715, Uttarakhand, India.
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Verma RS, Padalia RC, Chanotiya CS, Chauhan A. Chemical investigation of the essential oil of Thymus linearis (Benth. ex Benth) from western Himalaya, India. Nat Prod Res 2011; 24:1890-6. [PMID: 21108114 DOI: 10.1080/14786411003754322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Thymus linearis (Benth. ex Benth) was collected from five distinct locations of western Himalaya (India) during the summer season. The hydro-distilled essential oil (yield 0.84-0.95%) was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 56 constituents, representing 81.55% to 98.11% of the total oil composition, were identified. Thymol (52.28-66.65%), p-cymene (1.81-21.60%) and γ-terpinene (1.94-12.48%) were the major constituents in all populations. Other constituents identified in significant amounts were carvacrol, p-cymen-8-ol, borneol, terpinen-4-ol and thymol methyl ether. The presence of high phenol and essential oil contents in this species make it a suitable substitute for common thyme oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Verma
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - CSIR, Uttarakhand, India.
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Singh P, Faridi U, Srivastava S, Kumar JK, Darokar MP, Luqman S, Shanker K, Chanotiya CS, Gupta A, Gupta MM, Negi AS. Design and synthesis of C-ring lactone- and lactam-based podophyllotoxin analogues as anticancer agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:242-6. [PMID: 20118588 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel podophyllotoxin (PDT) analogues was synthesized in which the lactone moiety was shifted to C ring. Some of the derivatives were also synthesized with modified A ring. Analogues 23 and 25 exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxicity against colon cancer (CaCO(2)) cell line. p-Demethylated E-ring analogues exhibited better potency than the corresponding methylated analogues. These analogues showed toxicity comparable to PDT against human erythrocytes albeit at much higher concentrations (100 microg/ml) than their cytotoxicity values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Singh
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP-CSIR), P.O. CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow-226 015, India
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45
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Saxena HO, Faridi U, Srivastava S, Kumar JK, Darokar MP, Luqman S, Chanotiya CS, Krishna V, Negi AS, Khanuja SPS. Gallic acid-based indanone derivatives as anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3914-8. [PMID: 18586491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid-based indanone derivatives have been synthesised. Some of the indanones showed very good anticancer activity in MTT assay. Compounds 10, 11, 12 and 14 possessed potent anticancer activity against various human cancer cell lines. The most potent indanone (10, IC(50)=2.2 microM), against MCF-7, that is, hormone-dependent breast cancer cell line, showed no toxicity to human erythrocytes even at higher concentrations (100 microg/ml, 258 microM). While, indanones 11, 12 and 14 showed toxicities to erythrocytes at higher concentrations.
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