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Cisse EHM, Jiang BH, Yin LY, Miao LF, Li DD, Zhou JJ, Yang F. Physio-biochemical and metabolomic responses of the woody plant Dalbergia odorifera to salinity and waterlogging. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:49. [PMID: 38216904 PMCID: PMC10787392 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trees have developed a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress. Secondary metabolites via phenolic compounds emblematized the hidden bridge among plant kingdom, human health, and oxidative stress. Although studies have demonstrated that abiotic stresses can increase the production of medicinal compounds in plants, research comparing the efficiency of these stresses still needs to be explored. Thus, the present research paper provided an exhaustive comparative metabolomic study in Dalbergia odorifera under salinity (ST) and waterlogging (WL). RESULTS High ST reduced D. odorifera's fresh biomass compared to WL. While WL only slightly affected leaf and vein size, ST had a significant negative impact. ST also caused more significant damage to water status and leaflet anatomy than WL. As a result, WL-treated seedlings exhibited better photosynthesis and an up-regulation of nonenzymatic pathways involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species. The metabolomic and physiological responses of D. odorifera under WL and salinity ST stress revealed an accumulation of secondary metabolites by the less aggressive stress (WL) to counterbalance the oxidative stress. Under WL, more metabolites were more regulated compared to ST. ST significantly altered the metabolite profile in D. odorifera leaflets, indicating its sensitivity to salinity. WL synthesized more metabolites involved in phenylpropanoid, flavone, flavonol, flavonoid, and isoflavonoid pathways than ST. Moreover, the down-regulation of L-phenylalanine correlated with increased p-coumarate, caffeate, and ferulate associated with better cell homeostasis and leaf anatomical indexes under WL. CONCLUSIONS From a pharmacological and medicinal perspective, WL improved larger phenolics with therapeutic values compared to ST. Therefore, the data showed evidence of the crucial role of medical tree species' adaptability on ROS detoxification under environmental stresses that led to a significant accumulation of secondary metabolites with therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- El- Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China
| | | | - Li-Yan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ling-Feng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Da-Dong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Li D, Li M, Li F, Weng Q, Zhou C, Huang S, Gan S. Transcriptome-derived microsatellite markers for population diversity analysis in Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C. Nielsen. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:8255-8260. [PMID: 34655020 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medicinal woody leguminous genus Archidendron F. Mueller serves as important herbal resources for curing upper respiratory tract infection, acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and gastroenteritis. However, genomic resources including transcriptomic sequences and molecular markers remain scarce in the genus. METHODS AND RESULTS Transcriptome sequencing, genic microsatellite marker development, and population diversity analysis were conducted in Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C. Nielsen. Flower and flower bud transcriptomes were de novo assembled into 173,172 transcripts, with an average transcript length of 1597.3 bp and an N50 length of 2427 bp. A total of 34,701 microsatellite loci were identified from 26,716 (15.4 %) transcripts. Primer pairs were designed for 718 microsatellite loci, of which 456 (63.5 %) were polymorphic. Of the 456 polymorphic markers, 391 (85.7 %) and 402 (88.1 %) were transferable to A. lucidum (Benth.) I.C. Nielsen and A. multifoliolatum (H.Q. Wen) T.L. Wu, respectively. Using a subset of 15 microsatellite markers, relatively high genetic diversity was detected over two A. clypearia populations, with overall mean expected heterozygosity (He) being 0.707 and demonstrating the necessity of conservation. Relatively low differentiation between the two populations was revealed despite the distant separation (about 700 km), with overall inbreeding coefficient of sub-population to the total population (Fst) being 8.7 %. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first attempt to conduct transcriptome sequencing, SSR marker development, and population genetics analysis in the medicinally important genus Archidendron. Our results will offer valuable resources and information for further genetic studies and practical applications in Archidendron and the related taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Fagen Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Qijie Weng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Changpin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Shineng Huang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Siming Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 682 Guangshan Yi Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China.
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Srivastava G, Garg A, Misra RC, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of oxidosqualene cyclases of the arjuna triterpene saponin pathway. Plant Sci 2020; 292:110382. [PMID: 32005387 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) tree has been popular in Indian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular ailments. The tree accumulates bioactive triterpene glycosides (saponins) and aglycones (sapogenins), in a tissue-preferential manner. Oleanane triterpenes/saponins (derived from β-amyrin) with potential cardioprotective function predominantly accumulate in the bark. However, arjuna triterpene saponin pathway enzymes remain to be identified and biochemically characterized. Here, we employed a combined transcriptomics, metabolomics and biochemical approach to functionally define a suite of oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) that catalyzed key reactions towards triterpene scaffold diversification. De novo assembly of 131 millions Illumina NextSeq500 sequencing reads obtained from leaf and stem bark samples led to a total of 156,650 reference transcripts. Four distinct OSCs (TaOSC1-4) with 54-71 % sequence identities were identified and functionally characterized. TaOSC1, TaOSC3 and TaOSC4 were biochemically characterized as β-amyrin synthase, cycloartenol synthase and lupeol synthase, respectively. However, TaOSC2 was found to be a multifunctional OSC producing both α-amyrin and β-amyrin, but showed a preference for α-amyrin product. Both TaOSC1 and TaOSC2 produced β-amyrin, the direct precursor for oleanane triterpene/saponin biosynthesis; but, TaOSC1 transcript expressed preferentially in bark, suggesting a major role of TaOSC1 in the biosynthesis of oleanane triterpenes/saponins in bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Srivastava
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Gopalakrishnan KK, Thomas TD. Reproductive biology of Pittosporum dasycaulon Miq., (Family Pittosporaceae) a rare medicinal tree endemic to Western Ghats. Bot Stud 2014; 55:15. [PMID: 28510916 PMCID: PMC5432743 DOI: 10.1186/1999-3110-55-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For successful cultivation and conservation of plants a detailed knowledge of their reproductive biology is required. The reproductive features of trees are important to determine the diversity patterns and community structure of tropical forests. The present study on reproductive biology of Pittosporum dasycaulon, a rare medicinal tree, was conducted in the shola forests of Vaghamon hills, one of the foot hills of Southern Western Ghats of India from 2008-2011. RESULTS The plant flowers profusely during February to April. Inflorescence is a raceme and the total number of flowers per inflorescence varies from 96-217. The flowers are comparatively small, hermaphrodite, short pedicellate, complete, zygomorphic, pentamerous, polypetalous, hypogynous and light cream in colour with an average length of 1.14 cm. Anthesis started at 08.30 h and the flowers were completely opened at approximately 09.30 h followed by anther deshiscence at 10.00-11.30 h. The pollen grains were trizonocolpate with 45 ± 5.6 μm in size. Acetocarmine staining showed 66 ± 6% fertile pollen at the time of anther dehiscence. The number of pollen grains in an anther is 5246 ± 845 and per flower is 26230 ± 1021. The stigma is wet, non-papillate, capitate and contains a thin film of exudates under the light microscope. The superior ovary is densely covered with papillate hairs and containing 3-8 ovules. The important floral visitors include bees and butterflies. The plant is self-incompatible and an out crosser. Fruit set under open-pollination was poor (24%) with 58.3% fruits having seeds inside. There was no fruit set in manually self pollinated flowers while over 57% of the cross pollinated flowers set fruits. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents a detailed account on reproductive biology of this medicinal tree which may help in the conservation and genetic improvement of this particular taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar Gopalakrishnan
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, St. Thomas College, Palai, Arunapuram (P.O.), PIN 686574 Kottayam (Dt.), Kerala India
| | - Thuruthiyil Dennis Thomas
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, St. Thomas College, Palai, Arunapuram (P.O.), PIN 686574 Kottayam (Dt.), Kerala India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Medical University in Wroclaw, Al. Jana Kochanowskiego 10, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland
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