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Thozhukkad Moosaripparambil S, Vadakkadath Meethal K. Unveiling the anticancer potential of Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight& Arn.: Evidences from cytotoxicity studies, apoptosis analysis, and molecular docking. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:245. [PMID: 39345961 PMCID: PMC11424601 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Anamirta cocculus, a woody climber, is extensively utilised in traditional Asian medicine. This study investigates the cytotoxic effects of A. cocculus leaf extracts on various cancer cell lines as well as on a normal cell line. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited potent anticancer activity, with the highest cytotoxicity observed against ovarian cancer cell line (PA1) (IC50 = 8.30 ± 0.38 µg/mL) and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) (IC50 = 17.97 ± 0.63 µg/mL). Notably, the extract displayed low toxicity (18.72 ± 0.73%) on the normal human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, indicating selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells. The acetone extract also demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, including A498, MG63, PA1, and UM-SCC-83B. The ethyl acetate extract of A. cocculus demonstrated potent inhibition of colony formation in HT29 and PA1 cancer cell lines while inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation. The number of late apoptotic cells increased with an increase in concentrations of ACLE. Molecular docking studies of compounds identified through GC-MS analysis revealed strong interactions with key apoptotic proteins, including caspase-8, p53, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Compounds such as vitamin E, epoxylathyrol, squalene, and phytol showed high binding affinity to these proteins, suggesting their role in apoptosis induction. The possibility of induction of apoptotic proteins through indirect interaction by binding to other proteins or receptors cannot be ruled out. The cytotoxic effects may result from individual, combined, or synergistic actions of these compounds. Among these, epoxylathyrol emerged as a particularly promising anticancer drug candidate based on ADME analysis and binding affinity assessments, warranting further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04096-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kannan Vadakkadath Meethal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Calicut University PO, Malappuram District, Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
- Centre for Advances in Molecular Biology, University of Calicut, Calicut University PO, Malappuram District, Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
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Meng X, Zhong Y, Kuang X, Zhang Y, Yang L, Cai Y, Wang F, He F, Xie H, Wang B, Li J. Targeting the STAT3/IL-36G signaling pathway can be a promising approach to treat rosacea. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00250-9. [PMID: 38909883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disorder characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators from keratinocytes, which are thought to play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Despite an incidence of approximately 5.5%, rosacea is associated with a poor quality of life. However, as the pathogenesis of rosacea remains enigmatic, treatment options are limited. OBJECTIVES To investigate the pathogenesis of rosacea and explore new therapeutic strategies. METHODS Transcriptome data from rosacea patients combined with immunohistochemical staining were used to investigate the activation of STAT3 in rosacea. The role of STAT3 activation in rosacea was subsequently explored by inhibiting STAT3 activation both in vivo and in vitro. The key molecules downstream of STAT3 activation were identified through data analysis and experiments. Dual-luciferase assay and ChIP-qPCR analysis were used to validate the direct binding of STAT3 to the IL-36G promoter. DARTS, in combination with experimental screening, was employed to identify effective drugs targeting STAT3 for rosacea treatment. RESULTS STAT3 signaling was hyperactivated in rosacea and served as a promoter of the keratinocyte-driven inflammatory response. Mechanistically, activated STAT3 directly bind to the IL-36G promoter region to amplify downstream inflammatory signals by promoting IL-36G transcription, and treatment with a neutralizing antibody (α-IL36γ) could mitigate rosacea-like inflammation. Notably, a natural plant extract (pogostone), which can interact with STAT3 directly to inhibit its activation and affect the STAT3/IL36G signaling pathway, was screened as a promising topical medication for rosacea treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a pivotal role for STAT3/IL36G signaling in the development of rosacea, suggesting that targeting this pathway might be a potential strategy for rosacea treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuyuan Kuang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi, China; Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiya Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yisheng Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fanping He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Javid A, Ahmed M. A computational odyssey: uncovering classical β-lactamase inhibitors in dry fruits. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4578-4604. [PMID: 37288775 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2220817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the antibacterial arsenal, β-lactams have held a prominent position, but increasing resistance due to unauthorized use and genetic factors requires new strategies. Combining β-lactamase inhibitors with broad-spectrum β-lactams proves effective in combating this resistance. ESBL producers demand new inhibitors, leading to the exploration of plant-derived secondary metabolites for potent β-lactam antibiotics or alternative inhibitors. Using virtual screening, molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and molecular dynamic simulation, this study actively analyzed the inhibitory activity of figs, cashews, walnuts, and peanuts against SHV-1, NDM-1, KPC-2, and OXA-48 β-lactamases. Using AutoDock Vina, the docking affinities of various compounds for target enzymes were initially screened, revealing 12 bioactive compounds with higher affinities for the target enzymes compared to Avibactam and Tazobactam. Top-scoring metabolites, including Oleanolic acid, Protocatechuic acid, and Tannin, were subjected to MD simulation studies to further analyze the stability of the docked complexes using WebGro. The simulation coordinates, in terms of RMSD, RMSF, SASA, Rg, and hydrogen bonds formed, showed that these phytocompounds are stable enough to retain in the active sites at various orientations. The PCA and FEL analysis also showed the stability of the dynamic motion of Cα residues of phytochemical-bound enzymes. The pharmacokinetic analysis of the top phytochemicals was performed to analyze their bioavailability and toxicity. This study provides new insights into the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals of selected dry fruits and contributes to future experimental studies to identify βL inhibitors from plants.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Javid
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Ahmed
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Jian H, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Zeng P. Amentoflavone reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting p53 signalling pathway axis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18442. [PMID: 38842135 PMCID: PMC11154840 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal process are important potential mechanisms in the development of HCC. Selaginella doederleinii Hieron is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of various tumours and Amentoflavone is its main active ingredient. This study investigates the mechanism of action of Amentoflavone on EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma from the perspective of bioinformatics and network pharmacology. Bioinformatics was used to screen Amentoflavone-regulated EMT genes that are closely related to the prognosis of HCC, and a molecular prediction model was established to assess the prognosis of HCC. The network pharmacology was used to predict the pathway axis regulated by Amentoflavone. Molecular docking of Amentoflavone with corresponding targets was performed. Detection and evaluation of the effects of Amentoflavone on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis by CCK-8 kit, wound healing assay, Transwell assay and annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining. Eventually three core genes were screened, inculding NR1I2, CDK1 and CHEK1. A total of 590 GO enrichment entries were obtained, and five enrichment results were obtained by KEGG pathway analysis. Genes were mainly enriched in the p53 signalling pathway. The outcomes derived from both the wound healing assay and Transwell assay demonstrated significant inhibition of migration and invasion in HCC cells upon exposure to different concentrations of Amentoflavone. The results of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay showed that different concentrations of Amentoflavone induces apoptosis in HCC cells. This study revealed that the mechanism of Amentoflavone reverses EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma, possibly by inhibiting the expression of core genes and blocking the p53 signalling pathway axis to inhibit the migration and invasion of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhuo Liu
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHunan Academy of Chinese MedicineHunanChina
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHunan Academy of Chinese MedicineHunanChina
| | - Pu‐Hua Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHunan Academy of Chinese MedicineHunanChina
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Kim D, Kim H. Effect of radius-dependent diffusion behavior of various gold nanoparticles on photothermal therapy. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:84. [PMID: 38722353 PMCID: PMC11082121 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Among the various anti-cancer treatments, photothermal therapy (PTT) is gaining traction as it is a non-invasive treatment. PTT is a treatment technique involving the use of a laser to raise the temperature of the target tumor until it dies. In this study, the effects of PTT under various conditions of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) occurring in the skin were numerically analyzed and optimized. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different radii were injected into the center of the SCC. Subsequently, the diffusion behavior of the AuNPs was analyzed to calculate the distribution area of the AuNPs that changed over time. Furthermore, at each elapsed time point after injection, the temperature distribution in the tissue was calculated, as treatment was performed using varying laser intensities. The diffusion coefficient of AuNPs was calculated using the Stokes-Einstein equation, and diffusion behavior of AuNPs in biological tissues was analyzed using the convection-diffusion equation. Additionally, temperature distribution was analyzed using the Pennes bioheat equation. The effect of PTT under each condition was quantitatively analyzed using apoptotic variables. As a result, As the radius of AuNPs increased, the optimal treatment start time was derived as 2 h, 8 h, 8 h, and 12 h, respectively, and the laser intensity at that time was derived as 0.44 W, 0.46 W, 0.42 W, and 0.42 W, respectively. The study findings will provide reference for the optimization of the efficacy of PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Korea.
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Ahmad S, d'Avanzo N, Mancuso A, Barone A, Cristiano MC, Carresi C, Mollace V, Celia C, Fresta M, Paolino D. Skin Tolerability of Oleic Acid Based Nanovesicles Designed for the Improvement of Icariin and Naproxen Percutaneous Permeation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38608313 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Deformable nanovesicles have a crucial role in topical drug delivery through the skin, due to their capability to pass intact the stratum corneum and epidermis (SCE) and significantly increase the efficacy and accumulation of payloads in the deeper layers of the skin. Namely, lipid-based ultradeformable nanovesicles are versatile and load bioactive molecules with different physicochemical properties. For this reason, this study aims to make oleic acid based nanovesicles (oleosomes) for the codelivery of icariin and sodium naproxen and increase their permeation through the skin. Oleosomes have suitable physicochemical properties and long-term stability for a potential dermal or transdermal application. The inclusion of oleic acid in the lipid bilayer increases 3-fold the deformable properties of oleosomes compared to conventional liposomes and significantly improves the percutaneous permeation of icariin and sodium naproxen through the human SCE membranes compared to hydroalcoholic solutions of both drugs. The tolerability studies on human volunteers demonstrate that oleosomes are safer and speed up the recovery of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) baselines compared to saline solution. These results highlight promising properties of icariin/sodium naproxen coloaded oleosomes for the treatment of skin disorders and suggest the potential future applications of these nanovesicles for further in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola d'Avanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center "ProHealth Translational Hub", Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Building of BioSciences, Viale S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonia Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center "ProHealth Translational Hub", Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Building of BioSciences, Viale S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonella Barone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Cristiano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Renato Dulbecco Institute, Lamezia Terme, 88046 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- UdA-TechLab, Research Center, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center "ProHealth Translational Hub", Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Building of BioSciences, Viale S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Du YQ, Yuan B, Ye YX, Zhou FL, Liu H, Huang JJ, Wei YF. Plumbagin Regulates Snail to Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in vivo and in vitro. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:565-580. [PMID: 38525157 PMCID: PMC10960549 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s452924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Plumbagin (PL) has been shown to effe ctively inhibit autophagy, suppressing invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PL on tumor growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC. Methods Huh-7 cells were cultured, and in vivo models of EMT and HCC-associated lung metastasis were developed through tail vein and in situ injections of tumor cells. In vivo imaging and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate HCC modeling and lung metastasis. After PL intervention, the expression levels of Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin in the liver were evaluated through immunohistochemistry and Western blot. An in vitro TGF-β-induced cell EMT model was used to detect Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin mRNA levels through a polymerase chain reaction. Their protein levels were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that PL significantly reduced the expression of Snail, vimentin, and N-cadherin, while increasing the expression of E-cadherin at the protein levels, effectively inhibiting HCC and lung metastasis. In vitro experiments confirmed that PL up-regulated epithelial cell markers, down-regulated mesenchymal cell markers, and inhibited EMT levels in HCC cells. Conclusion PL inhibits Snail expression, up-regulates E-cadherin expression, and down-regulates N-cadherin and vimentin expression, preventing EMT in HCC cells and reducing lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qin Du
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xian Ye
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-ling Zhou
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
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Hudáková T, Šemeláková M, Očenáš P, Kožurková M, Krochtová K, Sovová S, Tóthová Z, Guľášová Z, Popelka P, Solár P. Chili pepper extracts, capsaicin, and dihydrocapsaicin as potential anticancer agents targeting topoisomerases. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:96. [PMID: 38383414 PMCID: PMC10880293 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases regulate conformational changes in DNA topology during normal cell growth, such as replication, transcription, recombination, and repair, and may be targeted for anticancer drugs. A DNA topology assay was used to investigate DNA-damaging/protective activities of extracts from Habanero Red (HR), Habanero Maya Red (HMR), Trinidad Moruga Scorpion (TMS), Jalapeno (J), Serrano pepper (SP), Habanero Red Savina (HRS), Bhut Jolokia (BJ), and Jamaica Rosso (JR) peppers, demonstrating their inhibitory effect on the relaxation of pBR by Topo I. DNA topoisomerase II (Topo II) is proven therapeutic target of anticancer drugs. Complete inhibition of Topo II was observed for samples TMS, HR, and HMR. Extracts J and SP had the lowest capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content compared to other peppers. HR, HMR, TMS, J, S, HRS, BJ, JR extracts showed the anticancer effect, examined by MTS and xCell assay on the in vitro culture of human colon carcinoma cell line HCT116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terézia Hudáková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Šemeláková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Očenáš
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Mária Kožurková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Kristína Krochtová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Simona Sovová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Tóthová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Guľášová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Popelka
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Solár
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia.
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Jakimiuk K, Szoka Ł, Surażyński A, Tomczyk M. Using Flavonoid Substitution Status to Predict Anticancer Effects in Human Melanoma Cancers: An In Vitro Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:487. [PMID: 38339241 PMCID: PMC10854695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers are a dominant type of cancer that impacts millions per year. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease triggered by the irreversible impairment of cellular homeostasis and function. In this study, we investigated the activity of 37 structurally diverse flavonoids to find potentially active substances using two melanoma cell lines: C32 and A375. First, the cytotoxic potential and DNA biosynthesis inhibition of flavonoids were tested to determine the most active compounds in cancer and normal cells. Second, the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity of flavonoids was elucidated using Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Compounds 1, 6, 15, and 37 reduced the viability of A375 and C32 cell lines via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis, whereas 16 and 17 acted in a higher degree via the inhibition of DNA biosynthesis. In our experiment, we demonstrated the anticancer activity of compound 15 (5,6-dihydroxyflavone) for the first time. The in vitro studies pointed out the importance of the flavonoid core in hydroxyl groups in the search for potential drugs for amelanotic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Szoka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Euroregional Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arkadiusz Surażyński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Euroregional Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
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Fu Q, Zhang F, Vijayalakshmi A. The Protective Effect of Sanggenol L Against DMBA-induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Cell Proliferative Signalling Pathway. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:885-893. [PMID: 37496247 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230726140706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a poor prognosis when treated with surgery and chemotherapy. Therefore, a new therapy and preventative strategy for OSCC and its underlying mechanisms are desperately needed. The purpose of this study was to examine the chemopreventive effects of sanggenol L on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The research focused on molecular signalling pathways in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis. AIM The purpose of this study was to look at the biochemical and chemopreventive effects of sanggenol L on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced HBP (hamster buccal pouch) carcinogenesis via cell proliferation and the apoptotic pathway. METHODS After developing squamous cell carcinoma, oral tumours continued to progress leftward into the pouch 3 times per week for 10 weeks while being exposed to 0.5 % reactive DMBA three times per week. Tumour growth was caused by biochemical abnormalities that induced inflammation, increased cell proliferation, and decreased apoptosis. RESULTS Oral sanggenol L (10 mg/kg bw) supplementation with cancer-induced model DMBApainted hamsters prevented tumour occurrences, improved biochemistry, inhibited inflammatory markers, decreased cell proliferation marker expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α), nuclear factor (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Sanggenol L could be developed into a new medicine for the treatment of oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Fu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Qijiang District, Chongqing, 401420, China
| | - Fangming Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth People's Hospital Of Wuxi, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Annamalai Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Rabiammal Ahamed Maideen College for Women, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, 610001, India
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11
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Kursvietiene L, Kopustinskiene DM, Staneviciene I, Mongirdiene A, Kubová K, Masteikova R, Bernatoniene J. Anti-Cancer Properties of Resveratrol: A Focus on Its Impact on Mitochondrial Functions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2056. [PMID: 38136176 PMCID: PMC10740678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious public health issues worldwide, demanding ongoing efforts to find novel therapeutic agents and approaches. Amid growing interest in the oncological applications of phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols, resveratrol-a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene derivative-has emerged as a candidate of interest. This review analyzes the pleiotropic anti-cancer effects of resveratrol, including its modulation of apoptotic pathways, cell cycle regulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, its interaction with cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment. The effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial functions, which are crucial to cancer development, are also discussed. Future research directions are identified, including the elucidation of specific molecular targets, to facilitate the clinical translation of resveratrol in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolita Kursvietiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Inga Staneviciene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ausra Mongirdiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Kateřina Kubová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Ruta Masteikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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12
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Yu X, Sun Z, Nie S, Zhang T, Lu H. Effects of Resveratrol on Mouse B16 Melanoma Cell Proliferation through the SHCBP1-ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7614. [PMID: 38005336 PMCID: PMC10674768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma originates from the malignant mutational transformation of melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermal layer of the skin. It can easily spread and metastasize in the early stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is particularly important to find effective antitumor adjuvant drugs to inhibit the occurrence and development of melanoma. In this study, we found that resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound from grape plants, can significantly inhibit the proliferation, colony formation and migration of mouse melanoma B16 cells. Notably, resveratrol was also found to inhibit the expression of SHCBP1 in B16 cells. Transcriptional analysis and cellular studies showed that SHCBP1 can activate the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway to regulate cyclin expression and promote the G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle by upregulating ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels. Resveratrol further downregulates the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 by inhibiting SHCBP1 expression, thus inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. In conclusion, resveratrol inhibits the proliferation of B16 cells by regulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway through SHCBP1. As an upstream protein of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, SHCBP1 may be involved in the process of resveratrol-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Yu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (X.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.N.); (T.Z.)
| | - Zhiyang Sun
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (X.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.N.); (T.Z.)
| | - Saiya Nie
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (X.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.N.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (X.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.N.); (T.Z.)
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Department of Biology, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (X.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.N.); (T.Z.)
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Department of Biology, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
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13
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Arunachalam A, Sankar M, Pandi B, Paul S, Thilagar S. Evaluation of Rapanone and Nectandrin B as novel inhibitors for targeting the metastatic regulator protein BACH1 using breast cancer cell line Mcf-7. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37747058 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2260880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer formation is defined as the unrestrained proliferation of cells due to various factors acting as a causing agent. A limited number of over-expressed transcription factors are contributed to the development of numerous types of cancer. The metastatic regulator protein BTB And CNC Homology 1 (BACH1) is Cap 'N' Collar (CNC) and it belongs to a basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family. The presence of the least level concentration of intracellular heme BACH1 forms heterodimers with musculo aponeurotic fibrosarcoma (sMAF) proteins and inhibits or induces the target gene expression. Based on the previous studies, BACH1 plays a critical player in the conditions of senescence and oxidative stress, cycling of cell life, heme degradation pathway and cancer, especially in metastasis. Discovering new anti-cancer drugs (identification of bioactive compounds) stages finally needs to inhibit the target protein. This present study is aimed to screen and identify stability, binding affinity and analysis of pharmacokinetics of selected compounds through structural screening, ADMET, DFT and MESP. From this study, it is revealed that Rapanone and Nectandrin B have the potential to alter the degree of gene expression via binding with the BACH1 allosteric region which will further change the degree of expression of BACH1 downstream target genes involved in the regulation of cancer progression particularly in metastasis. The two plant origin compounds Rapanone and Nectandrin B might be novel candidates for developing anti-cancer drugs. The predicted compounds were further validated through in-vitro experimental approaches.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Arunachalam
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Boomi Pandi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumi Paul
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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14
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Mu H, Sun Y, Yuan B, Wang Y. Betulinic acid in the treatment of breast cancer: Application and mechanism progress. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105617. [PMID: 37479118 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpene compound, which can be obtained by separation, chemical synthesis and biotransformation. BA has excellent biological activities, especially its role in the treatment of breast cancer deserves attention. Its mechanisms mainly include inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, regulating specific protein (Sp) transcription factors, inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, inhibiting glucose metabolism and NF-κB pathway. In addition, BA can also increase the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to other chemotherapy drugs such as paclitaxel and reduce its toxic side effects. This article reviews the application and possible mechanism of BA in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Mu
- Department of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Yuli Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.
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15
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Ivanova D, Nikolova G, Karamalakova Y, Semkova S, Marutsova V, Yaneva Z. Water-Soluble Alkali Lignin as a Natural Radical Scavenger and Anticancer Alternative. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12705. [PMID: 37628882 PMCID: PMC10454704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several phytochemicals, which display antioxidant activity and inhibit cancer cell phenotypes, could be used for cancer treatment and prevention. Lignin, as a part of plant biomass, is the second most abundant natural biopolymer worldwide, and represents approximately 30% of the total organic carbon content of the biosphere. Historically, lignin-based products have been viewed as waste materials of limited industrial usefulness, but modern technologies highlight the applicability of lignin in a variety of industrial branches, including biomedicine. The aims of our preliminary study were to compare the antioxidant properties of water-soluble alkali lignin solutions, before and after UV-B irradiation, as well as to clarify their effect on colon cancer cell viability (Colon 26), applied at low (tolerable) concentrations. The results showed a high antioxidant capacity of lignin solutions, compared to a water-soluble control antioxidant standard (Trolox) and remarkable radical scavenging activity was observed after their UV-B irradiation. Diminishment of cell viability as well as inhibition of the proliferative activity of the colon cancer cell line with an increase in alkali lignin concentrations were observed. Our results confirmed that, due to its biodegradable and biocompatible nature, lignin could be a potential agent for cancer therapy, especially in nanomedicine as a drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donika Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Galina Nikolova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Severina Semkova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1040 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Vania Marutsova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Zvezdelina Yaneva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
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16
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Alsamri H, Al Dhaheri Y, Iratni R. Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by the Phytopolyphenol Carnosol: ROS-Dependent Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1349. [PMID: 37507889 PMCID: PMC10376170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks the expression of the three hormone receptors (i.e., estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor), is characterized by a high proliferative index, high invasiveness, poor prognosis, early relapse, and a tendency to be present in advanced stages. These characteristics rank TNBC among the most aggressive and lethal forms of breast cancer. The lack of the three receptors renders conventional hormonal therapy ineffective against TNBC. Moreover, there are no clinically approved therapies that specifically target TNBC, and the currently used chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, taxanes, and other platinum compounds, have a limited clinical effect and develop chemoresistance over time. Phytochemicals have shown efficacy against several types of cancer, including TNBC, by targeting several pathways involved in cancer development and progression. In this review, we focus on one phytochemical carnosol, a natural polyphenolic terpenoid with strong anti-TNBC effects and its ROS-dependent molecular mechanisms of action. We discuss how carnosol targets key pathways and proteins regulating the cell cycle, growth, epigenetic regulators, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC. This review identifies carnosol as a potential novel targeting protein degradation molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Alsamri
- General Requirement Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain P.O. Box 24162, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yusra Al Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Samiry I, Pinon A, Limami Y, Rais S, Zaid Y, Oudghiri M, Liagre B, Mtairag EM. Antitumoral activity of Caralluma europaea on colorectal and prostate cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:230-240. [PMID: 36879544 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2181898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Caralluma europaea is a medicinal plant used in Moroccan popular medicine, which has been employed as a remedy attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antinociceptive, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antiparasitic properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor activity of both the methanolic and aqueous extract of C. europaea. The effects of increasing concentrations of aqueous and methanolic extracts on human colorectal cancer HT-29 and HCT116 cell lines and human prostate cancer PC3 and DU145 cell lines were examined on cell proliferation using MTT assay and cell cycle analysis. The induction of apoptosis was also assessed by determining protein expression of caspase-3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage by western blot. The methanolic extract of C. europaea exerted significant antiproliferative effects on HT-29 (IC50 values 73 µg/ml), HCT116 (IC50 values 67 µg/ml), PC3 (IC50 values 63 µg/ml) and DU145 cells (IC50 values 65 µg/ml) after 48 hr treatment. Further, incubation with methanolic extract of C. europaea induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and an apoptotic process for all treated cell lines. In conclusion, the present results suggest that C. europaea, exhibited that these natural compounds are significant apoptosis inducers which may have considerable potential for development of effective natural product anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inass Samiry
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Aline Pinon
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Youness Limami
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco
| | - Samira Rais
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Younes Zaid
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mounia Oudghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - El Mostafa Mtairag
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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18
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Patel M, Bazaid AS, Azhar EI, Gattan HS, Binsaleh NK, Patel M, Surti M, Adnan M. Novel phytochemical inhibitors targeting monkeypox virus thymidine and serine/threonine kinase: integrating computational modeling and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13679-13695. [PMID: 36852556 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2179547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the rapid spread of the monkeypox virus and rise in the number of cases, there is an urgent need for the development of effective drugs against the infection. Serine/threonine protein kinase (Ser/Thr kinase) and Thymidine Kinase (TK) plays an imperative role in the replication and virulence of monkeypox virus and thus is deliberated as an attractive target in anti-viral drug development. In the present study, the 3D structure of monkeypox virus Ser/Thr kinase and TK was generated via molecular modeling techniques and performed their thorough structural analysis. We have screened potent anti-viral phytochemicals from the literature to inhibit Ser/Thr kinase and TK. As part of the initial screening, the physicochemical properties of the compounds were examined. Following this, a structure-based molecular docking technique was used to select compounds based on their binding affinity towards Ser/Thr kinase and TK. In order to find more potent hits against Ser/Thr kinase and TK, further examinations of ADMET properties, PAINS patterns and blood-brain barrier permeability were conducted. As a result, thalimonine and galanthamine were identified from the screening process bearing appreciable binding affinity towards Ser/Thr kinase and TK respectively, which showed a worthy set of drug-like properties. In the end, molecular dynamics simulations were performed for 100 ns, which showed decent stability of both protein-ligand complex throughout the trajectory. Due to the possibility that both monkeypox virus target proteins may be inhibited by thalimonine and galanthamine, our study highlights the need to investigate in vivo effects of thalimonine and galanthamine.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Abdulrahman S Bazaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit - BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S Gattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit - BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif K Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirav Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Malvi Surti
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Irfan A, Faisal S, Ahmad S, Al-Hussain SA, Javed S, Zahoor AF, Parveen B, Zaki MEA. Structure-Based Virtual Screening of Furan-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Tethered N-phenylacetamide Derivatives as Novel Class of hTYR and hTYRP1 Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030344. [PMID: 36986444 PMCID: PMC10059052 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tyrosinase (hTYR) is a key and rate-limiting enzyme along with human tyrosinase-related protein-1 (hTYRP1), which are among the most prominent targets of inhibiting hyper pigmentation and melanoma skin cancer. In the current in-silico computer-aided drug design (CADD) study, the structure-based screening of sixteen furan-1,3,4-oxadiazole tethered N-phenylacetamide structural motifs BF1-BF16 was carried out to assess their potential as hTYR and hTYRP1 inhibitors. The results revealed that the structural motifs BF1-BF16 showed higher binding affinities towards hTYR and hTYRP1 than the standard inhibitor kojic acid. The most bioactive lead furan-1,3,4-oxadiazoles BF4 and BF5 displayed stronger binding in affinities (-11.50 kcal/mol and -13.30 kcal/mol) than the standard drug kojic acid against hTYRP1 and hTYR enzymes, respectively. These were further confirmed by MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA binding energy computations. The stability studies involving the molecular dynamics simulations also provided stability insights into the binding of these compounds with the target enzymes, wherein it was found that they remain stable in the active sites during the 100 ns virtual simulation time. Moreover, the ADMET, as well as the medicinal properties of these novel furan-1,3,4-oxadiazole tethered N-phenylacetamide structural hybrids, also showed a good prospect. The excellent in-silico profiling of furan-1,3,4--oxadiazole structural motifs BF4 and BF5 provide a hypothetical gateway to use these compounds as potential hTYRP1 and hTYR inhibitors against melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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Gancedo NC, Isolani R, de Oliveira NC, Nakamura CV, de Medeiros Araújo DC, Sanches ACC, Tonin FS, Fernandez-Llimos F, Chierrito D, de Mello JCP. Chemical Constituents, Anticancer and Anti-Proliferative Potential of Limonium Species: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:293. [PMID: 37259435 PMCID: PMC9958820 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Limonium species represent a source of bioactive compounds that have been widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to synthesize the anticancer and anti-proliferative potential of Limonium species through a systematic review. Searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Scielo and via a manual search. In vivo or in vitro studies that evaluated the anticancer or anti-proliferative effect of at least one Limonium species were included. In total, 942 studies were identified, with 33 articles read in full and 17 studies included for qualitative synthesis. Of these, 14 (82.35%) refer to in vitro assays, one (5.88%) was in vivo, and two (11.76%) were designed as in vitro and in vivo assays. Different extracts and isolated compounds from Limonium species were evaluated through cytotoxic analysis against various cancer cells lines (especially hepatocellular carcinoma-HepG2; n = 7, 41.18%). Limonium tetragonum was the most evaluated species. The possible cellular mechanism involved in the anticancer activity of some Limonium species included the inhibition of enzymatic activities and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which suggested anti-metastatic effects, anti-melanogenic activity, cell proliferation inhibition pathways, and antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The results reinforce the potential of Limonium species as a source for the discovery and development of new potential cytotoxic and anticancer agents. However, further studies and improvements in experimental designs are needed to better demonstrate the mechanism of action of all of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Cássia Gancedo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel Isolani
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Natalia Castelhano de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Drugs and Cosmetics, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda Stumpf Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduate Research Program, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil
- H&TRC—Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Danielly Chierrito
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Universitário Ingá, Maringá 87035-510, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Palafito, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
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21
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Li G, Wu S, Chen W, Duan X, Sun X, Li S, Mai Z, Wu W, Zeng G, Liu H, Chen T. Designing Intelligent Nanomaterials to Achieve Highly Sensitive Diagnoses and Multimodality Therapy of Bladder Cancer. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201313. [PMID: 36599700 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common malignant tumors of the genitourinary system worldwide. In recent years, the rate of BC incidence has increased, and the recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor quality of life for patients. Therefore, how to develop an effective method to achieve synchronous precise diagnoses and BC therapies is a difficult problem to solve clinically. Previous reports usually focus on the role of nanomaterials as drug delivery carriers, while a summary of the functional design and application of nanomaterials is lacking. Summarizing the application of functional nanomaterials in high-sensitivity diagnosis and multimodality therapy of BC is urgently needed. This review summarizes the application of nanotechnology in BC diagnosis, including the application of nanotechnology in the sensoring of BC biomarkers and their role in monitoring BC. In addition, conventional and combination therapies strategy in potential BC therapy are analyzed. Moreover, different kinds of nanomaterials in BC multimodal therapy according to pathological features of BC are also outlined. The goal of this review is to present an overview of the application of nanomaterials in the theranostics of BC to provide guidance for the application of functional nanomaterials to precisely diagnose and treat BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Li
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Sicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Shujue Li
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Zanlin Mai
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
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Potential of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Padina boergesenii as a Natural UV Filter in Sunscreen Cream Formulation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13010239. [PMID: 36676188 PMCID: PMC9862676 DOI: 10.3390/life13010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown seaweeds, due to their wide range of bioactive compounds, have a high ability to inhibit free radicals and protect against ultraviolet rays. In the present study, the ethyl acetate fraction (EF) was isolated from the Padina boergesenii brown seaweed. Antioxidant activity (by the DPPH scavenging activity method) and cytotoxicity against UVB-induced cytotoxicity in HaCaT human keratinocytes were evaluated. Then, this fraction was used as a bio-filter in the formulation of sunscreen, and the physical properties and stability were investigated. The results showed that the EF could inhibit DPPH radical scavenging (54 ± 1%) and cell viability of HaCaT keratinocytes exposed to UVB irradiation (81.2 ± 0.1%). The results of the stability study of the cream formulated with EF showed that at temperatures 4 °C and 25 °C it has high stability; and at 40 °C on the 28th day, a slight decrease in its stability was observed. The pH and Sun Protection Factor of the cream formulated with EF were reported at 5.8 and 20.55, respectively. Also, the DPPH scavenging activity of the cream was not altered for 28 days of storage at temperatures of 4-40 °C. According to our results, it was proved that the sunscreen formulated with EF of P. boergesenii brown seaweed has promising properties and characteristics that can create a new opportunity for the development of cosmetics and skin care products.
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Pizano-Andrade JC, Vargas-Guerrero B, Gurrola-Díaz CM, Vargas-Radillo JJ, Ruiz-López MA. Natural products and their mechanisms in potential photoprotection of the skin. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Piezoelectric MoS2 Nanoflowers (NF's) for Targeted Cancer Therapy by Gelatin-based Shear Thinning Hydrogels. In vitro and In vivo trials. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mouna R, Broisat A, Ahmed A, Debiossat M, Boumendjel A, Ghezzi C, Kabouche Z. Antiproliferative activity, cell-cycle arrest, apoptotic induction and LC-HRMS/MS analyses of extracts from two Linum species. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1491-1501. [PMID: 35943855 PMCID: PMC9367650 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2102196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Linum is the largest genus of the Linaceae family; the species of this genus are known to have anticancer activity. OBJECTIVE In this study, ethyl acetate extracts of L. numidicum Murb. (EAELN) and L. trigynum L. (EAELT) were examined, for the first time, for their anticancer capacity. The secondary metabolites compositions were analysed by LC-HRMS/MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiproliferative effect of EAELN and EAELT (0-10.000 μg/mL) against PC3 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were evaluated by the MTT assay after 72 h of treatment. Flow cytometer analysis of apoptosis (Annexin V-FITC/PI) and cell cycle (PI/RNase) was also performed after treatment with EAELN and EAELT at 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL, for 24 h. RESULTS EAELN had the highest antiproliferative activity against PC3 (IC50 133.2 ± 5.73 μg/mL) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50 156.9 ± 2.83 μg/mL) lines, EAELN had also shown better apoptotic activity with 19 ± 2.47% (250 μg/mL), 87.5 ± 0.21% (500 μg/mL), and 92 ± 0.07% (1000 μg/mL), respectively, causing cell cycle arrest of PC3 cells in G2/M phase, whereas arrest in G0/G1 and G2/M phases was observed after treatment with EAELT. LC-HRMS/MS profiling of the extracts revealed the presence of known compounds that might be responsible for the observed anticancer activity such as chicoric acid, vicenin-2, vitexin and podophyllotoxin-β-d-glucoside. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS We have shown, for the first time, that EAELN and EAELT exert anticancer activity through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. EAELN can be considered as a source to treat cancer. Further studies will be required to evaluate the effect of the active compounds, once identified, on other cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryma Mouna
- Université des frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Constantine, Algeria
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, LRB, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexis Broisat
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, LRB, Grenoble, France
| | - Abdalwahab Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Marlène Debiossat
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, LRB, Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, LRB, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Ghezzi
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, LRB, Grenoble, France
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Université des frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Constantine, Algeria
- CONTACT Zahia Kabouche Université des frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
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26
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Dewi MK, Chaerunisaa AY, Muhaimin M, Joni IM. Improved Activity of Herbal Medicines through Nanotechnology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224073. [PMID: 36432358 PMCID: PMC9695685 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals or secondary metabolites are substances produced by plants that have been shown to have many biological activities, providing a scientific basis for using herbs in traditional medicine. In addition, the use of herbs is considered to be safe and more economical compared to synthetic medicine. However, herbal medicines have disadvantages, such as having low solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Some of them can undergo physical and chemical degradation, which reduces their pharmacological activity. In recent decades, nanotechnology-based herbal drug formulations have attracted attention due to their enhanced activity and potential for overcoming the problems associated with herbal medicine. Approaches using nanotechnology-based delivery systems that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and based on lipids, polymers, or nanoemulsions can increase the solubility, stability, bioavailability, and pharmacological activity of herbals. This review article aims to provide an overview of the latest advances in the development of nanotechnology-based herbal drug formulations for increased activity, as well as a summary of the challenges these delivery systems for herbal medicines face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayang Kusuma Dewi
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Jatinangor Km 21,5, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhaimin Muhaimin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - I Made Joni
- Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
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27
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Oliveira AI, Pinho C, Vieira FQ, Silva R, Cruz A. Taraxacum spp. in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity – a review. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Abosedera DA, Emara S, Tamam OA, Badr OM, Khalifa SA, El-Seedi HR, Refaey MS. Metabolomic profile and in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of Asphodelus microcarpus against human malignant melanoma cells A375. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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29
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Guo H, Zhang W, Wang J, Zhao G, Wang Y, Zhu BM, Dong P, Watari H, Wang B, Li W, Tigyi G, Yue J. Cryptotanshinone inhibits ovarian tumor growth and metastasis by degrading c-Myc and attenuating the FAK signaling pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:959518. [PMID: 36247016 PMCID: PMC9554091 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.959518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CT), a natural compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge that is also known as the traditional Chinese medicine Danshen, exhibits antitumor activity in various cancers. However, it remains unclear whether CT has a potential therapeutic benefit against ovarian cancers. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of CT in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and using a xenograft model in NSG mice orthotopically implanted with HEY A8 human ovarian cancer cells and to explore the molecular mechanism(s) underlying CT’s antitumor effects. We found that CT inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OVCAR3 and HEY A8 cells, while sensitizing the cell responses to the chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin. CT also suppressed ovarian tumor growth and metastasis in immunocompromised mice orthotopically inoculated with HEY A8 cells. Mechanistically, CT degraded the protein encoded by the oncogene c-Myc by promoting its ubiquitination and disrupting the interaction with its partner protein Max. CT also attenuated signaling via the nuclear focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway and degraded FAK protein in both cell lines. Knockdown of c-Myc using lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 nickase resulted in reduction of FAK expression, which phenocopies the effects of CT and the c-Myc/Max inhibitor 10058-F4. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that CT inhibits primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis by degrading c-Myc and FAK and attenuating the FAK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Junming Yue, ; Wenjing Zhang, ; Bing-Mei Zhu,
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Guannan Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yaohong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Bing-Mei Zhu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junming Yue, ; Wenjing Zhang, ; Bing-Mei Zhu,
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Baojin Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Gabor Tigyi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Junming Yue, ; Wenjing Zhang, ; Bing-Mei Zhu,
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Bhosale PB, Abusaliya A, Kim HH, Ha SE, Park MY, Jeong SH, Vetrivel P, Heo JD, Kim JA, Won CK, Kim HW, Kim GS. Apigetrin Promotes TNFα-Induced Apoptosis, Necroptosis, G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest, and ROS Generation through Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway in Hep3B Liver Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172734. [PMID: 36078142 PMCID: PMC9454891 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigetrin (7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4′,5-dihydroxyflavone), a glycoside bioactive dietary flavonoid derived from Taraxacum officinale and Teucrium gnaphalodes, is known to possess anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects on numerous cancers. In the present study, we examined the effect of apigetrin in Hep3B hepatocellular cancer cell line (HCC). Apigetrin inhibited cell growth and proliferation of Hep3B cells, as confirmed by MTT and colony formation assay. We used apigetrin at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 µM for later experiments. Of these concentrations, 100 µM of apigetrin showed a significant effect on cell inhibition. In apigetrin-treated Hep3B cells, cell cycle arrest occurred at the G2/M phase. Apoptosis and necroptosis of Hep3B cells treated with apigetrin were confirmed by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry results. Morphological observation through 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining showed intense blue fluorescence representing chromatin condensation. Hematoxylin staining showed necroptotic features such as formation of vacuoles and swelling of organelles. Apigetrin increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cells, based on fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism involved in the apoptosis and necroptosis was elucidated through western blotting. Apigetrin up-regulated TNFα, but down-regulated phosphorylation of p-p65, and IκB. Apigetrin inhibited the expression of Bcl-xl but increased Bax levels. Up-regulation of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 confirmed the induction of apoptosis in apigetrin-treated Hep3B cells. Additionally, necroptosis markers RIP3, p-RIP3, and p-MLKL were significantly elevated by apigetrin dose-dependently, suggesting necroptotic cell death. Taken together, our findings strongly imply that apigetrin can induce apoptosis and necroptosis of Hep3B hepatocellular cancer cells. Thus, apigetrin as a natural compound might have potential for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sang Eun Ha
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Se Hyo Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117643, Singapore
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117643, Singapore
| | - Jin-A Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, International University of Korea, Jinju 52833, Korea
| | - Chung kil Won
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Kim
- Division of Animal Bioscience & Intergrated Biotechnology, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-2346
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Nazemoroaya Z, Sarafbidabad M, Mahdieh A, Zeini D, Nyström B. Use of Saponinosomes from Ziziphus spina-christi as Anticancer Drug Carriers. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28421-28433. [PMID: 35990496 PMCID: PMC9386697 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Saponins are plant glycosides with different structures and biological activities, such as anticancer effects. Ziziphus spina-christi is a plant rich in saponin, and this compound is used to treat malignant melanoma in the present study. Nanophytosomes can be used as an advantageous nanodrug delivery system for plant extracts. The aim of this work is to use the saponin-rich fraction (SRF) from Z. spina-christi and prepare SRF-loaded nanophytosomes (saponinosomes) and observe the in vitro and in vivo effects of these carriers. First, the SRF was obtained from Z. spina-christi by a solvent-solvent fractionation method. Then, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses were performed to confirm the presence of saponins in the extracted material. Subsequently, the saponinosomes were prepared by the solvent injection method (ether injection method) using a 1:1:1 ratio of lecithin/cholesterol/SRF in the mixture. Characterization of the prepared saponinosomes was performed by FTIR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. In addition, a UV-vis spectrophotometer was used to determine the entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro release of the SRF. Finally, cell cytotoxicity of the different formulations was evaluated using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on both mouse melanoma cells (B16F10) and fibroblasts (L929). Using DLS, AFM, and FE-SEM analyses, the particle size was determined to be 58 ± 6 nm with a zeta potential of -32 ± 2 mV. The calculated EE was 85 ± 3%. The results of the in vitro release profile showed that 68.2% of the SRF was released from the saponinosome after 48 h. The results of the MTT assay showed that the SRF and saponinosomes have high toxicity on B16F10 melanoma cells, but saponinosomes showed a significant decrease in cytotoxicity on L929 fibroblast cells compared with that of the SRF. Our results indicate that the SRF from Z. spina-christi has anticancer activity, and the saponinosomes prepared in this work can control tumor growth, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce the side effects of saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nazemoroaya
- Student
Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19839-63113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sarafbidabad
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Athar Mahdieh
- School
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068,
Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Darya Zeini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Laboratory
of Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of
Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1103, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bo Nyström
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Loonat A, Chandran R, Pellow J, Abrahamse H. Photodynamic Effects of Thuja occidentalis on Lung Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:928135. [PMID: 35910365 PMCID: PMC9334867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.928135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence and mortality rates resulting from lung cancer encapsulate a need to identify more effective treatment protocols. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and homeopathy offer possible anticancer therapies as part of a multi-disciplinary approach. Studies have identified the anticancer effects of Thuja occidentalis L. plant extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Thuja occidentalis (TO) homeopathic mother tincture and TO mediated PDT (TO-PDT) on A549 lung cancer cells. Commercially available A549 cells were pre-treated with TO, or laser irradiation at 660 nm, or the combined treatment (TO-PDT). Cells were analyzed morphologically by inverted light microscopy and Hoechst stain; and biochemically by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and trypan blue assays. Cells treated with TO and TO-PDT demonstrated morphological changes in the cell and cell nuclei indicative of cell death. These groups exhibited a dose dependent increase in LDH release and a decrease in ATP levels and cell viability indicating its cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential. Furthermore, at the same doses, TO when photoactivated in PDT induced enhanced anticancer responses thereby surpassing the effects of treatment with the tincture alone. Results demonstrate how the direct cytotoxic effects of TO can be improved when administered as a photosensitizer in PDT to promote cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Loonat
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rahul Chandran
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Rahul Chandran,
| | - Janice Pellow
- Department of Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Meng Y, Jin M, Yuan D, Zhao Y, Kong X, Guo X, Wang X, Hou J, Wang B, Song W, Tang Y. Solamargine Inhibits the Development of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Decreasing LncRNA HOXA11-As Expression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:887387. [PMID: 35903338 PMCID: PMC9315292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is one of the high mortality cancers with a poor prognosis, which is driving the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. We identified the anticancer effects of a natural compound, solamargine (SM), on FaDU cells and explored its mechanism in terms of non-coding RNA. It was observed that SM inhibited the proliferation of FaDU cells with an IC50 of 5.17 μM. High-throughput sequencing data revealed that lncRNA HOXA11-AS was significantly downregulated in cells co-incubated with SM. Further assays demonstrated that SM-induced downregulation of lncRNA HOXA11-AS showed important implications for apoptosis. Given the properties of HOXA11-AS as a miR-155 sponge, we further confirmed that SM upregulated the expression of miR-155 in FaDU cells. C-Myc is a transcription factor that regulates cell differentiation and apoptosis, whose mRNA is considered to be targeted by miR-155. We showed that c-Myc expression was downregulated by SM and accompanied by increased apoptosis, which was consistent with the findings of transcriptome sequencing. Furthermore, SM administration suppressed xenograft tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in vivo. In the light of the aforementioned findings, our results suggested that SM downregulated the expression of HOXA11-AS, which in turn induces apoptosis by downregulating c-Myc in FaDU, providing evidence for the anticancer effect of SM on HSCC and uncovering the effect of SM on non-coding RNAs as, at least partly, a mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mengli Jin
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dai Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Rehabilitation, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Center of Infections Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangri Kong
- Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuerui Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingye Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Rehabilitation, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Juan Hou
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Rehabilitation, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Bingmei Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bingmei Wang, ; Wu Song, ; Yong Tang,
| | - Wu Song
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bingmei Wang, ; Wu Song, ; Yong Tang,
| | - Yong Tang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bingmei Wang, ; Wu Song, ; Yong Tang,
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Thuy LT, Kang N, Choi M, Lee M, Choi JS. Dendrimeric micelles composed of polyamidoamine dendrimer-peptide-cholesterol conjugates as drug carriers for the treatment of melanoma and bacterial infection. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Ulrich J, Stiltz S, St-Gelais A, El Gaafary M, Simmet T, Syrovets T, Schmiech M. Phytochemical Composition of Commiphora Oleogum Resins and Their Cytotoxicity against Skin Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123903. [PMID: 35745024 PMCID: PMC9229828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oleogum resins of the genus Commiphora have been used in traditional medicines for centuries. More than 200 Commiphora species exhibit highly variable phytochemical compositions. A novel highly selective, sensitive, accurate HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantify five characteristic phytosteroids and furanosesquiterpenoids, namely (E)-guggulsterone, (Z)-guggulsterone, curzerenone, furanoeudesma-1,3-diene, and myrrhone. The resulting contents and additionally GC analysis were used to classify and differentiate Commiphora oleogum resins of the species C. myrrha, C. erythraea, C. mukul, C. holtziana, C. confusa, and C. kua, as well as unspecified resins. Interestingly, a Commiphora sample from Ogaden, Ethiopia, comprised 446 ng/mg guggulsterones presumed to be unique to C. mukul from the Indian subcontinent. However, Commiphora from Ogaden differed considerably from C. mukul in respect to guggulsterones isomer’s ratio. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of Commiphora extracts, essential oils, botanical drugs containing Commiphora, and pure compounds against the epidermoid carcinoma A431, malignant melanoma RPMI-7951 and SK-MEL-28 cells was investigated in vitro. Thereby, especially C. mukul extract and C. myrrha essential oil exhibited high cytotoxicity against skin cancer cells with IC50 of 2.9–10.9 µg/mL, but were less toxic to normal keratinocytes. In summary, Commiphora oleogum resins and its phytochemicals warrant further investigation aiming at chemotaxonomical classification as well as application in skin cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Ulrich
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Svenja Stiltz
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Menna El Gaafary
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatiana Syrovets
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Michael Schmiech
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.U.); (S.S.); (M.E.G.); (T.S.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-65622
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Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q, Sun W. The Organic Life According to Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anticancer Approaches. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220425093907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The aim of this review was to summarize the most important traditional medinical
herbs and plants that are being used in different parts of the world with a focus on a green anticancer approach. The most important impacts of medicinal plants on cancer treatments are prevention of cancer occurrence, decreased side effects, ameliorated post-operative complications,
reduced post operative recurrence, reduced tumor growth, maintenance therapy, reduced symptoms and prolonged survival. Alkaloid anti-cancer compounds are pyrrolidine, pyridine, tropane,
piperidine, pyrrolizidine, quinolizidine, indolizidine, isoquinoline, oxazole, isoxazole, quinazoline, quinoline, indole serine, purine, β -phenylethylamine, colchicine, benzylamine, abornin,
pancratistatin and narciclasine. Anticancer phenolic compounds from plants are flavonol, flavones, kaempferol, luteolin, curcumin, apigenin, chalcone, and cafestol. Anticancer terpenoids
compounds from medicinal plants are isoprene, alpha-hederin, galanal A, galanal B, carnosol,
oleanane and xanthorrhizol. The most important chemical structures of anti-cancer drugs derived
from plants are vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vindesine, vinflunine, paclitaxel, docetaxel,
cabazitaxel, larotaxel, milataxel, ortataxel, tesetaxel, camptothecin, irinotecan, topotecan, etoposide, teniposide, harringtonine and homoharringtonine. Cancer is one of the main and primary
causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. It is a broad group of various diseases typified by unregulated cell growth. The role of plants, especially traditional herbs as a source of organic medicines has been prevalent in many societies, especially in Eastern medicinal science for
thousands of years. Traditional medicinal herbs and plants which have both antiviral activity and
the ability to promote immunity, would have possible inhibition ability in the initiation and promotion of virus-associated cancers. Medicinal plants should always be considered a great source
of novel chemical constituents with anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Cheng
- College of Life
Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China; Global Alliance of HeBAU-CLS&HeQiS for
BioAl-Manufacturing, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Orozco-Barocio A, Robles-Rodríguez BS, Camacho-Corona MDR, Méndez-López LF, Godínez-Rubí M, Peregrina-Sandoval J, Rivera G, Rojas Mayorquín AE, Ortuno-Sahagun D. In vitro Anticancer Activity of the Polar Fraction From the Lophocereus schottii Ethanolic Extract. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820381. [PMID: 35444555 PMCID: PMC9014087 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an increasingly common disease and is considered one of the main causes of death in the world. Lophocereus schottii (L. schottii) is a cactus used in Mexico in traditional medicine for cancer treatment. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract and the polar and nonpolar fractions of L. schottii in murine L5178Y lymphoma cells in vitro, analyzing their effect on the proliferative activity of splenocytes, and establishing the effective concentration 50 (EC50) of the polar fraction. In addition, the secondary metabolites present in the extracts were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The study establishes that the three extracts of L. schottii have a cytotoxic effect on L5178Y cells and on the splenocytes stimulated with ConA. Additionally, the polar fraction has a significantly greater effect being three times more effective than cyclophosphamide on inhibiting the viability of L5178Y cells. Secondary metabolites present are mainly flavonoids and alkaloids, but there are also some terpenoids and sterols. Ultimately, polar fraction can be considered an anticancer substance, since its EC50 of 15 μg/mL is within the parameters established by the National Cancer Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Orozco-Barocio
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Blanca Susana Robles-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Zapopan, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Fernando Méndez-López
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Publica, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Marisol Godínez-Rubí
- Laboratorio de Patología Diagnóstica e Inmunohistoquímica, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Peregrina-Sandoval
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Argelia E Rojas Mayorquín
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortuno-Sahagun
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología Molecular, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Guadalajara, Mexico
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DU X, Zhang J, Liu L, Xu B, Han H, Dai W, Pei X, Fu X, Hou S. A novel anticancer property of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in triggering ferroptosis of breast cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:286-299. [PMID: 35403384 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most malignant tumors and is associated with high mortality rates among women. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is an extract from the fruits of the traditional Chinese herb, L. barbarum. LBP is a promising anticancer drug, due to its high activity and low toxicity. Although it has anticancer properties, its mechanisms of action have not been fully established. Ferroptosis, which is a novel anticancer strategy, is a cell death mechanism that relies on iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this study, human breast cancer cells (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and MD Anderson-Metastatic Breast-231 (MDA-MB-231)) were treated with LBP. LBP inhibited their viability and proliferation in association with high levels of ferroptosis. Therefore, we aimed to ascertain whether LBP reduced cell viability through ferroptosis. We found that the structure and function of mitochondria, lipid peroxidation, and expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, also known as xCT, the light-chain subunit of cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc-) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were altered by LBP. Moreover, the ferroptosis inhibitor, Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), rescued LBP-induced ferroptosis-associated events including reduced cell viability and glutathione (GSH) production, accumulation of intracellular free divalent iron ions and malondialdehyde (MDA), and down-regulation of the expression of xCT and GPX4. Erastin (xCT inhibitor) and RSL3 (GPX4 inhibitor) inhibited the expression of xCT and GPX4, respectively, which was lower after the co-treatment of LBP with Erastin and RSL3. These results suggest that LBP effectively prevents breast cancer cell proliferation and promotes ferroptosis via the xCT/GPX4 pathway. Therefore, LBP exhibits novel anticancer properties by triggering ferroptosis, and may be a potential therapeutic option for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing DU
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hang Han
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiuying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xufeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Shaozhang Hou
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China. ,
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Pathak K, Pathak MP, Saikia R, Gogoi U, Sahariah JJ, Zothantluanga JH, Samanta A, Das A. Cancer Chemotherapy via Natural Bioactive Compounds. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e310322202888. [PMID: 35362385 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220331095744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-induced mortality is increasingly prevalent globally which skyrocketed the necessity to discover new/novel safe and effective anticancer drugs. Cancer is characterized by the continuous multiplication of cells in the human which is unable to control. Scientific research is drawing its attention towards naturally-derived bioactive compounds as they have fewer side effects compared to the current synthetic drugs used for chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE Drugs isolated from natural sources and their role in the manipulation of epigenetic markers in cancer are discussed briefly in this review article. METHODS With advancing medicinal plant biotechnology and microbiology in the past century, several anticancer phytomedicines were developed. Modern pharmacopeia contains at least 25% herbal-based remedy including clinically used anticancer drugs. These drugs mainly include the podophyllotoxin derivatives vinca alkaloids, curcumin, mistletoe plant extracts, taxanes, camptothecin, combretastatin, and others including colchicine, artesunate, homoharringtonine, ellipticine, roscovitine, maytanasin, tapsigargin,andbruceantin. RESULTS Compounds (psammaplin, didemnin, dolastin, ecteinascidin,and halichondrin) isolated from marine sources and animals such as microalgae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, invertebrates. They have been evaluated for their anticancer activity on cells and experimental animal models and used chemotherapy.Drug induced manipulation of epigenetic markers plays an important role in the treatment of cancer. CONCLUSION The development of a new drug from isolated bioactive compounds of plant sources has been a feasible way to lower the toxicity and increase their effectiveness against cancer. Potential anticancer therapeutic leads obtained from various ethnomedicinal plants, foods, marine, and microorganisms are showing effective yet realistically safe pharmacological activity. This review will highlight important plant-based bioactive compounds like curcumin, stilbenes, terpenes, other polyphenolic phyto-compounds, and structurally related families that are used to prevent/ ameliorate cancer. However, a contribution from all possible fields of science is still a prerequisite for discovering safe and effective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam down town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-781026, Assam, India
| | - Riya Saikia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - Jon Jyoti Sahariah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - James H Zothantluanga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - Abhishek Samanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
| | - Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam, India
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Application of Green Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071102. [PMID: 35407220 PMCID: PMC9000429 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are currently used for cancer theranostics in the clinical field. Among nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) attract much attention due to their usability and high performance in imaging techniques. The wide availability of biological precursors used in plant-based synthesized AuNPs allows for the development of large-scale production in a greener manner. Conventional cancer therapies, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have significant limitations and frequently fail to produce satisfying results. AuNPs have a prolonged circulation time, allow easy modification with ligands detected via cancer cell surface receptors, and increase uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis. To exploit these unique features, studies have been carried out on the use of AuNPs as contrast agents for X-ray-based imaging techniques (i.e., computed tomography). As nanocarriers, AuNPs synthesized by nontoxic and biocompatible plants to deliver therapeutic biomolecules could be a significant stride forward in the effective treatment of various cancers. Fluorescent-plant-based markers, including AuNPs, fabricated using Medicago sativa, Olax Scandens, H. ambavilla, and H. lanceolatum, have been used in detecting cancers. Moreover, green synthesized AuNPs using various extracts have been applied for the treatment of different types of solid tumors. However, the cytotoxicity of AuNPs primarily depends on their size, surface reactivity, and surface area. In this review, the benefits of plant-based materials in cancer therapy are firstly explained. Then, considering the valuable position of AuNPs in medicine, the application of AuNPs in cancer therapy and detection is highlighted with an emphasis on limitations faced by the application of such NPs in drug delivery platforms.
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Islam MR, Islam F, Nafady MH, Akter M, Mitra S, Das R, Urmee H, Shohag S, Akter A, Chidambaram K, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Cavalu S. Natural Small Molecules in Breast Cancer Treatment: Understandings from a Therapeutic Viewpoint. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072165. [PMID: 35408561 PMCID: PMC9000328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common malignancy in women and the second most significant cause of death from cancer. BrCa is one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, and it accounts for a large percentage of cancer-related deaths. The number of cases requiring more effective BrCa therapy has increased dramatically. Scientists are looking for more productive agents, such as organic combinations, for BrCa prevention and treatment because most chemotherapeutic agents are linked to cancer metastasis, the resistance of the drugs, and side effects. Natural compounds produced by living organisms promote apoptosis and inhibit metastasis, slowing the spread of cancer. As a result, these compounds may delay the spread of BrCa, enhancing survival rates and reducing the number of deaths caused by BrCa. Several natural compounds inhibit BrCa production while lowering cancer cell proliferation and triggering cell death. Natural compounds, in addition to therapeutic approaches, are efficient and potential agents for treating BrCa. This review highlights the natural compounds demonstrated in various studies to have anticancer properties in BrCa cells. Future research into biological anti-BrCa agents may pave the way for a new era in BrCa treatment, with natural anti-BrCa drugs playing a key role in improving BrCa patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.I.); (F.I.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.I.); (F.I.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Mohamed H. Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12568, Egypt;
| | - Muniya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.I.); (F.I.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Humaira Urmee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh;
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh;
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.I.); (F.I.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (T.B.E.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.E.); (S.C.)
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Plants in Anticancer Drug Discovery: From Molecular Mechanism to Chemoprevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5425485. [PMID: 35281598 PMCID: PMC8906971 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5425485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the primary causes of mortality globally, and the discovery of new anticancer drugs is the most important need in recent times. Natural products have been recognized as effective in fight against various diseases including cancer for over 50 years. Plants and microbes are the primary and potential sources of natural compounds to fight against cancer. Moreover, researches in the field of plant-based natural compounds have moved towards advanced and molecular level understandings from the last few decades, leading to the development of potent anticancer agents. Also, plants have been accepted as abundant and prosperous sources for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the management and prevention of different cancer types. The high toxicity of some cancer chemotherapy drugs, as well as their unfavorable side effects and drugs resistance, drives up the demand for natural compounds as new anticancer drugs. In this detailed evidence-based mechanistic review, facts and information about various medicinal plants, their bioactive compounds with their potent anticancer activities against different cancers have been gathered, with further approach to represent the molecular mechanism behind the anticancer activity of these plants. This review will be beneficial for investigators/scientists globally involved in the development of natural, safe, effective, and economical therapeutic agents/drugs against various cancers. This might be an important contribution in the field of drug discovery, where drugs can be used alone or in combination to increase the efficacy of newly synthesized drugs.
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Zhao Y, Roy S, Wang C, Goel A. A Combined Treatment with Berberine and Andrographis Exhibits Enhanced Anti-Cancer Activity through Suppression of DNA Replication in Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030262. [PMID: 35337060 PMCID: PMC8953248 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high morbidity and mortality associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) are largely due to the invariable development of chemoresistance to classic chemotherapies, as well as intolerance to their significant toxicity. Many pharmaceutical formulations screened from natural plant extracts offer safe, inexpensive, and multi-target therapeutic options. In this study, we demonstrated that Berberis vulgaris L. (Berberine) and Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Andrographis) extracts exerted their synergistic amplified anti-cancer effects by jointly inhibiting cell viability, suppressing colony formation, and inducing cell cycle arrest. Consistent with our in-vitro findings, the amplified synergistic anti-cancer effects were also observed in subcutaneous xenograft preclinical animal models, as well as patient-derived primary tumor organoids. To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the amplified synergistic anti-cancer effects, RNA sequencing was performed to identify candidate pathways and genes. A transcriptome analysis revealed that DNA-replication-related genes, including FEN1, MCM7, PRIM1, MCM5, POLA1, MCM4, and PCNA, may be responsible for the enhanced anticancer effects of these two natural extracts. Taken together, our data revealed the powerful enhanced synergistic anti-CRC effects of berberine and Andrographis and provide evidence for the combinational targeting of DNA-replication-related genes as a promising new strategy for the therapeutic option in the management of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91010, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.R.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China;
| | - Souvick Roy
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91010, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.R.)
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China;
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan 250033, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91010, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.R.)
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-626-218-3452
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44
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Juszczak AM, Wöelfle U, Končić MZ, Tomczyk M. Skin cancer, including related pathways and therapy and the role of luteolin derivatives as potential therapeutics. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1423-1462. [PMID: 35187675 PMCID: PMC9303584 DOI: 10.1002/med.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the fastest growing and the most aggressive form of skin cancer that is diagnosed. However, its incidence is relatively scarce compared to the highest mortality rate of all skin cancers. The much more common skin cancers include nonmelanoma malignant skin cancers. Moreover, over the past several decades, the frequency of all skin cancers has increased much more dynamically than that of almost any other type of cancer. Among the available therapeutic options for skin cancers, chemotherapy used immediately after the surgical intervention has been an essential element. Unfortunately, the main problem with conventional chemopreventive regimens involves the lack of response to treatment and the associated side effects. Hence, there is a need for much more effective anticancer drugs. Correspondingly, the targeted alternatives have involved phytochemicals, which are safer chemotherapeutic agents and exhibit competitive anticancer activity with high therapeutic efficacy. Among polyphenolic compounds, some flavonoids and their derivatives, which are mostly found in medicinal plants, have been demonstrated to influence the modulation of signaling pathways at each stage of the carcinogenesis process, which is also important in the context of skin cancers. Hence, this review focuses on an exhaustive overview of the therapeutic effects of luteolin and its derivatives in the treatment and prevention of skin cancers. The bioavailability and structure–activity relationships of luteolin derivatives are also discussed. This review is the first such complete account of all of the scientific reports concerning this particular group of natural compounds that target a specific area of neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Juszczak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Białystok Białystok Poland
| | - Ute Wöelfle
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Research Center Skinitial, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Marijana Zovko Končić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Białystok Białystok Poland
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Traditional and Phytochemical Bases of Herbs, Shrubs, Climbers, and Trees from Ethiopia for Their Anticancer Response. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1589877. [PMID: 35155671 PMCID: PMC8831057 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1589877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ethiopia is one of Africa's six plant-rich countries, with around 60% of the plants being indigenous and most of them having medicinal properties. 80% of people in the country use these plants as a primary health care system to tackle different diseases, including cancer. This review is aimed at summarizing the evidence gained from diverse MPs in Ethiopia that have been used ethnobotanically and ethnopharmacologically for treatment of cancer. The primary data sources were Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and other electronic scientific databases. This literature review showed that there are around 200 MPs used as anticancer. Seventy-four herbs, 39 trees, 77 shrubs, and 17 weed/climbers belonging to 56 families have been identified for their ethnobotanical anticancer potential, and 31 species were recognized for their pharmaceutically anticancer activities. The reviewed data also indicated that many Ethiopian MPs had been used to treat breast, lung, blood, and skin cancers and other tumors. Besides, the collected data showed that the leaves (36.76%), roots (27.2%), bark (12.5%), stem (5.1%), and fruit (7.35%) of plants are commonly used for the preparation of anticancer remedies. Among the reported plant species, Euphorbiaceae (10.71%), Acanthaceae (7.14%), and Asteraceae (7.1%) are the most prominent plant families being used to treat cancer ethnobotanically. Phytochemicals such as flavonoids (like xanthone, indirubin, flavopiridol, and silybin), alkaloids (like taxol, vincristine, evodiamine, and berberine), and physalin B, D, and F steroids exhibited anticancer activity on various cancer cell lines. The crude extracts of Aerva javanica, Vernonia leopoldi, Withania somnifera, Kniphofia foliosa, and Catharanthus roseus were powerful anticancer agents with an IC50 value below 10 μg/mL. Although several Ethiopian plants possess anticancer potential, only a limited number of plants are scientifically studied. Therefore, more scientific studies on anticancer MPs should be carried out; it may lead to discovering and isolating cost-effective and safe anticancer drugs.
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Jain R, Hussein MA, Pierce S, Martens C, Shahagadkar P, Munirathinam G. Oncopreventive and oncotherapeutic potential of licorice triterpenoid compound glycyrrhizin and its derivatives: Molecular insights. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106138. [PMID: 35192957 PMCID: PMC8857760 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is a well-known natural herb used to treat different ailments since ancient times. Glycyrrhizin (GL), which is the primary triterpenoid compound of licorice extract, has been known to have broad-spectrum pharmacological effects. GL is cleaved into glucuronide and the aglycone, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), which exists in two stereoisomeric forms: 18α- and 18β-GA. It is well documented that GL and GA have great potential as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective agents. Studies undertaken during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic suggest that GL is effective at inhibiting the viral replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The anticancer effects of GL and GA involve modulating various signaling pathways, such as the phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway, the mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the mammalian target of rapamycin/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, which are mainly involved in regulating cancer cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The potential of GL and GA in preventing cancer development and suppressing the growth and invasion of different cancer types has been reviewed in this paper. This review also provides molecular insights on the mechanism of action for the oncopreventive and oncotherapeutic effects of GL and its derivative, GA, which could help develop more specific forms of these agents for clinical use.
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Ruzic D, Djoković N, Srdić-Rajić T, Echeverria C, Nikolic K, Santibanez JF. Targeting Histone Deacetylases: Opportunities for Cancer Treatment and Chemoprevention. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010209. [PMID: 35057104 PMCID: PMC8778744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of gene expression is a critical event involved in all steps of tumorigenesis. Aberrant histone and non-histone acetylation modifications of gene expression due to the abnormal activation of histone deacetylases (HDAC) have been reported in hematologic and solid types of cancer. In this sense, the cancer-associated epigenetic alterations are promising targets for anticancer therapy and chemoprevention. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) induce histone hyperacetylation within target proteins, altering cell cycle and proliferation, cell differentiation, and the regulation of cell death programs. Over the last three decades, an increasing number of synthetic and naturally derived compounds, such as dietary-derived products, have been demonstrated to act as HDACi and have provided biological and molecular insights with regard to the role of HDAC in cancer. The first part of this review is focused on the biological roles of the Zinc-dependent HDAC family in malignant diseases. Accordingly, the small-molecules and natural products such as HDACi are described in terms of cancer therapy and chemoprevention. Furthermore, structural considerations are included to improve the HDACi selectivity and combinatory potential with other specific targeting agents in bifunctional inhibitors and proteolysis targeting chimeras. Additionally, clinical trials that combine HDACi with current therapies are discussed, which may open new avenues in terms of the feasibility of HDACi’s future clinical applications in precision cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Ruzic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Nemanja Djoković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Tatjana Srdić-Rajić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapo 1531772, Chile;
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4, POB 102, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-2685-788; Fax: +381-11-2643-691
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Kaewmeesri P, Pocasap P, Kukongviriyapan V, Prawan A, Kongpetch S, Senggunprai L. Anti-metastatic Potential of Natural Triterpenoid Cucurbitacin B Against Cholangiocarcinoma Cells by Targeting Src Protein. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221124861. [PMID: 36154723 PMCID: PMC9520142 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221124861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the crucial role of Src in cancer metastasis, interruption of Src and its signaling has been considered a promising strategy for cancer metastasis treatment. Cucurbitacin B, a dietary triterpenoid, has been shown to possess anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells via suppressing the activation of FAK which is a main downstream Src effector. We hypothesized that cucurbitacin B might act as a Src suppressant which conferring anti-metastasis effect against CCA cells. To investigate this, the role of Src in regulating metastasis behavior of CCA cells and the effect of cucurbitacin B on Src-mediated metastatic phenotype of these cells were determined. The results showed that activation of Src significantly enhanced the migratory and invasive abilities of CCA cells. Molecular analysis revealed that Src-facilitated metastasis behavior of CCA cells occurred by modifying expression of a wide range of metastasis-related genes in the cells. Consistent with gene expression results, activation of Src significantly induced the protein expression of 2 important metastasis-associated molecules, MMP-9 and VEGF. Cucurbitacin B markedly suppressed activation of Src and its key effector, FAK. As a consequence, the alteration of expression profiles of metastasis-associated genes induced by Src activator in CCA cells was diminished by cucurbitacin B treatment. The compound also down-regulated Src-induced expression of MMP-9 and VEGF proteins in the cells. Moreover, molecular docking analysis revealed that cucurbitacin B could interact with Src kinase domain and possibly restrain the kinase from being activated by hindering the ATP binding. In conclusion, cucurbitacin B exhibited anti-metastatic property in CCA cells via negatively influencing Src and Src-related oncogenic signaling. This compound may therefore be a potential therapeutic drug for further development as an anti-Src agent for treatment of metastatic CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putthaporn Kaewmeesri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piman Pocasap
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarinya Kongpetch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Grover M, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Virmani T, Rachamalla M, Farasani A, Chigurupati S, Alsubayiel AM, Felemban SG, Sanduja M, Bungau S. In Vitro Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity Studies of Curcuma longa Extracts with Isolation and Characterisation of Their Isolated Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247509. [PMID: 34946592 PMCID: PMC8705887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Curcuma longa plant is endowed with multiple traditional and therapeutic utilities and is here explored for its phytochemical constituents and cytotoxic potential. Turmeric rhizomes were extracted from three different solvents and screened for the presence of different phytochemical constituents, observation of which indicated that the polar solvents favoured extraction of greater versatile phytochemical constituents. These extracts were investigated for their cytotoxic potential by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on three different of cell lines including SCC-29B (oral cancer cell line), DU-145 (prostate cancer cell line) and the Vero cell line (healthy cell line/non-cancerous cell line). This assay was performed by taking three extracts from isolated curcuminoids and a pure bioactive compound bisdemethoxycurcumin (BD). Bisdemethoxycurcumin was isolated from curcuminoids and purified by column and thin-layer chromatography, and its structural characterisation was performed with different spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, NMR (1H Proton and 13C Carbon-NMR) and LC-MS. Amongst the extracts, the ethanolic extracts exhibited stronger cytotoxic potential against the oral cancer cell line (SCC-29B) with an IC50value of 11.27 μg/mL, and that this was too low of a cytotoxicity against the Vero cell line. Although, curcuminoids have also shown a comparable cytotoxic potential against SCC-29B (IC50 value 16.79 μg/mL), it was not as potent against the ethanolic extract, and it was even found to be cytotoxic against healthy cell lines at a very low dose. While considering the isolated compound, bisdemethoxycurcumin, it also possessed a cytotoxic potential against the prostate cancer cell line (DU-145) (IC50 value of 93.28 μg/mL), but was quite safe for the healthy cell line in comparison to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Grover
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121102, India; (M.G.); (T.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajoura 140401, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: or (T.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajoura 140401, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajoura 140401, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajoura 140401, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121102, India; (M.G.); (T.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Mahesh Rachamalla
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada;
| | - Abdullah Farasani
- Biomedical Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal M. Alsubayiel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shatha Ghazi Felemban
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah 21461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohit Sanduja
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121102, India; (M.G.); (T.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: or (T.B.); (S.B.)
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50
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Khan A, Ali S, Murad W, Hayat K, Siraj S, Jawad M, Khan RA, Uddin J, Al-Harrasi A, Khan A. Phytochemical and pharmacological uses of medicinal plants to treat cancer: A case study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, North Pakistan. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114437. [PMID: 34391861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cancer is the top death causing disease in the world, due to its occurrence through various mechanism and form. Medicinal plants have been extensively used for the purifications and isolations of phytochemicals for the treatment and prevention of cancer. OBJECTIVES Consequently, this research was designed to document the traditional practices of anti-cancer plants and its phytochemical essay across the districts of KP, Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 24 districts from the informants mostly the traditional herbalists (key informants). The information were compared with the publish data using various authentic search engines including, google, researchgate, google scholar and NCBI. RESULTS One hundred and fifty-four (154) anti-cancer plants were recognized belonging to 69 families among all, Lamiaceae (13 sp.), Asteraceae (12 sp.) and Solanaceae (9 sp.) were the preferred families. The local inhabitants in the area typically prepare ethnomedicinal recipes from leaves (33.70%) and whole plants (23.37%) in the form of decoction and powder (24.67%), respectively. Herbs stayed the most preferred life form (61.68%) followed by shrub (21.4%). Similarly, breast (29.22%) and lung cancer (14.83%) was the common disease type. Literature study also authorize that, the medicinal plants of the research area were rich in phytochemical like quercetin, coumarine, kaempferol, apigenin, colchicine, alliin, rutin, lupeol, allicin, berbarine, lutolin, vanilic acid, urocilic acid and solamargine have revealed significant activates concerning the cancer diseases, that replicating the efficacy of these plants as medicines. CONCLUSION The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is rural area and the local inhabitants have very strong traditional knowledge about the medicinal plants for different diseases like cancer. The medicinal plants for significant ranked disorder might be pharmacologically and phtyochemicaly explored to demonstrate their efficacy. Moreover, the local flora especially medicinal plants facing overgrazing, overexploitation and inappropriate way of collection, however, proper management strategies like reforestation, controlled grazing, proper permission from concerned department and rangeland strategies among others may be assumed to enhance the proper usage of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Khan
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Murad
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shumaila Siraj
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Center of Geographical Information System, University of Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
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